From ‘How to Read a Page’ by I.A. Richards
This list of important words was drawn up by British rhetorician I.A. Richards, author of several books including «Basic English and Its Uses» (1943). However, these 100 words are not a part of the simplified version of the language that he and C.K. Ogden called Basic English.
Also, we’re not talking about the 100 most frequently used words in English (a list that contains far more prepositions than nouns).
And unlike the 100 words chosen by David Crystal to tell «The Story of English,» Richards’ words are primarily significant for their meanings, not their etymologies.
Richards introduced his list of words in the book «How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading» (1942), and he called them «the most important words» for two reasons:
- They cover the ideas we can least avoid using, those which are concerned in all that we do as thinking beings.
- They are words we are forced to use in explaining other words because it is in terms of the ideas they cover that the meanings of other words must be given.
Here are those 100 important words:
- Amount
- Argument
- Art
- Be
- Beautiful
- Belief
- Cause
- Certain
- Chance
- Change
- Clear
- Common
- Comparison
- Condition
- Connection
- Copy
- Decision
- Degree
- Desire
- Development
- Different
- Do
- Education
- End
- Event
- Examples
- Existence
- Experience
- Fact
- Fear
- Feeling
- Fiction
- Force
- Form
- Free
- General
- Get
- Give
- Good
- Government
- Happy
- Have
- History
- Idea
- Important
- Interest
- Knowledge
- Law
- Let
- Level
- Living
- Love
- Make
- Material
- Measure
- Mind
- Motion
- Name
- Nation
- Natural
- Necessary
- Normal
- Number
- Observation
- Opposite
- Order
- Organization
- Part
- Place
- Pleasure
- Possible
- Power
- Probable
- Property
- Purpose
- Quality
- Question
- Reason
- Relation
- Representative
- Respect
- Responsible
- Right
- Same
- Say
- Science
- See
- Seem
- Sense
- Sign
- Simple
- Society
- Sort
- Special
- Substance
- Thing
- Thought
- True
- Use
- Way
- Wise
- Word
- Work
All these words carry multiple meanings, and they can say quite different things to different readers. For that reason, Richards’ list could just as well have been labeled «The 100 Most Ambiguous Words:»
The very usefulness which gives them their importance explains their ambiguity. They are the servants of too many interests to keep to single, clearly defined jobs. Technical words in the sciences are like adzes, planes, gimlets, or razors. A word like «experience,» or «feeling,» or «true» is like a pocketknife. In good hands it will do most things—not very well. In general we will find that the more important a word is, and the more central and necessary its meanings are in our pictures of ourselves and the world, the more ambiguous and possibly deceiving the word will be.
In an earlier book, «The Making of Meaning» (1923), Richards (and co-author C.K. Ogden) had explored the fundamental notion that meaning doesn’t reside in words themselves. Rather, meaning is rhetorical: It’s fashioned out of both a verbal context (the words surrounding the words) and the experiences of the individual reader. No surprise, then, that miscommunication is often the result when the «important words» come into play.
It’s this idea of miscommunicating through language that led Richards to conclude that all of us are developing our reading skills all the time: «Whenever we use words in forming some judgment or decision, we are, in what may be a painfully sharp sense, ‘learning to read'» («How to Read a Page.»)
There are actually 103 words on Richards’ top-100 list. The bonus words, he said, are meant «to incite the reader to the task of cutting out those he sees no point in and adding any he pleases, and to discourage the notion that there is anything sacrosanct about a hundred, or any other number.»
Your List
So with those thoughts in mind, it’s now time to create a list of what you think are the most important words.
Sources
- Crystal, David. «The Story of English.» St. Martin’s Press, 2012, New York.
- Richards, I.A. «Basic English and Its Uses.» W.W. Norton & Co., 1943, New York.
- Richards, I.A. «How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading.» Beacon Press, 1942, Boston.
- Ogden, C.K. and Richards, I.A. «The Making of Meaning.» Harcourt, 1923, New York.
“ὅτε οὖν ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος [ὁ] Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν, Τετέλεσται, καὶ κλίνας τὴν κεφαλὴν παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα.”
When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. (John 19:30)
My favorite Christmas present as long as I can remember is a woodworking of the word tetelesai. There is so much significance to the Greek word tetelestai. It means “it is finished” or “it is a completion.” The Latin Vulgate uses consummatuum, from which we get our word “consummation.” Jesus’ last cry formed the sentence “It is a consummation!”
In many of the trash piles of ancient documents we have found are these boring and seemingly insignificant bills of sale. Yes, the ancient world used to use those as well. When someone would complete the contract, the person to whom the contract was completed would write a bill of sale, indicating that the debt had been paid in full. Moulton and Milligan say this:
“Receipts are often introduced by the phrase [sic] tetelestai, usually written in an abbreviated manner…” (p. 630)
So, basically, it was like a stamp that said: “paid in full”!
There are two things to take note of here:
1. Tetelesai is in the past perfect. We don’t have that in English, at least in such a precise form. It indicates an action that has taken place in the past that has ongoing application into the future. Basically, Christ was saying emphatically “it is paid by me and it will always be paid.”
2. The most interesting thing about this cry of Jesus is that he said he was thirsty as an immediate prologue to his death. “Later, knowing that everything had now been finished, and so that Scripture would be fulfilled, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” (John 19:28). Why did he need wine before he was about to die? Was he trying to sustain his life a little longer? Or was he just trying to fulfill the prophecy of the Psalmist that said he would thirst:
“The roof of my mouth is as dry as a piece of pottery; my tongue sticks to my gums.” (Psalm 22:15).
Christ was not trying to fulfill a prophecy. The prophecy was made by the Psalmist precisely because Christ would thirst. The reason why he asked for wine was so he could wet his tongue and throat to make the most important proclamation ever uttered. But this proclamation wasn’t a sigh of relief, as it might sound. When he said “it is finished,” he wasn’t expressing relief because his exhaustion and pain were about to cease, but because he needed to wet his dry throat so that he could proclaim victory to the world . . . no, to the universe. He was making an announcement to all of existence and this is the most victorious claim that has ever been made.
John Bernard, in his excellent commentary on John, says “τετέλεσται is not a cry of relief that all is over; it is a shout of Victory.” (Bernard, John Henry, ICC John).
What an incredible word. What an incredible thought. Christ is proclaiming to you that the confirmation of your salvation has been acquired and it shall have ongoing effects forever. Paid in full!
Here is what Calvin said about this word. It is beautiful:
“Now this word, which Christ employs, well deserves our attention; for it shows that the whole accomplishment of our salvation, and all the parts of it, are contained in his death. We have already stated that his resurrection is not separated from his death, but Christ only intends to keep our faith fixed on himself alone, and not to allow it to turn aside in any direction whatever. The meaning, therefore, is, that every thing which contributes to the salvation of men is to be found in Christ, and ought not to be sought anywhere else; or — which amounts to the same thing — that the perfection of salvation is contained in him.”
Finally, just listen to this in Greek. If you ever wanted to memorize a verse in the original language, this should be it.
C. Michael Patton is the primary contributor to the Parchment and Pen/Credo House Blog. He has been in ministry for nearly twenty years as a pastor, author, speaker, and blogger.
Th.M. Dallas Theological Seminary (2001), president of Credo House Ministries and Credo Courses, author of Now that I’m a Christian (Crossway, 2014) Increase My Faith (Credo House, 2011), and The Theology Program (Reclaiming the Mind Ministries, 2001-2006), host of Theology Unplugged, and primary blogger here at Parchment and Pen. But, most importantly, husband to a beautiful wife and father to four awesome children. Michael is available for speaking engagements. Find him everywhere:
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What if I told you that most of us were completely ignoring the power of the most important word in the English language (or, for that matter, any language)?
What if I told you that ignoring this word’s impact may be causing you undue pain and stress, and creating tense situations with others that could have easily been avoided?
If you’re like most people, you’ve been totally missing out on a key to success and you don’t even know it. Research has revealed the true importance of the word I’m calling, «The Most Important Magic Word.» Studies have shown that this single word influences:
- The kinds of people) you like.
- The kinds of foods you like.
- What you do for a living.
- Where you live.
- Many of your major decisions.
- … and much more, and in a much bigger way than we ever thought possible.
That word, of course, is your name.
Dale Carnegie once said, «A person’s name is, to that person, the sweetest and most important sound in any language.» And some surprising and, frankly, bizarre findings make Carnegie’s statement seem to be an understatement. For example:
- If your parents named you Denise, you are more likely to grow up and become a dentist than a lawyer.
- If your parents named you Harry, you are more likely to run a hardware story while your friend Rodney is more likely to do roofing.
- Chris prefers Coke to Pepsi.
- The state of Georgia has 88 percent more people named Georgia living in it than it should, based on predictions of relative proportions.
Is this all for real? Does your name really help determine your destiny? The «Name Letter Effect,» as it is known, has been shown to influence people’s decisions in studies from at least 14 countries. Recently, Brett W. Pelham, Matthew C. Mirenberg, and John T. Jones of the State University of New York have found that people’s names influence some fairly major life decisions, as well as trivial ones.
That’s why, when a nurse recently handed me the form with a blank space for my newborn son’s name…it stayed blank. Nothing seemed good enough, although I did briefly consider naming him Doctor—for the sake of science, of course.
That string of letters is going to be the first gift—or curse—we ever give him. It will help determine his lot in life, in a very real and tangible way. He will hear it over and over. It will become an intimate part of his very identity, linked to him so closely that any other word that even shares the letters or sounds of his name will instantly be more appealing to him because they remind him of…himself.
This implicit egotism is what makes the Name Letter Effect work so powerfully and it’s an important insight into the humans you deal with on a daily basis: We like ourselves. A lot. Let people know that you like them, too, and you’ll get better results with them and achieve more intimate relationships. Do it by listening more than you speak, by asking questions instead of giving answers, and by remembering and using their names.
Chances are, when someone tells you their name, you forget it almost instantly. This week, take a moment to pay better attention to people’s names—and to use them. Then sit back and watch the magical effect it has.
It’s not just about valuing a person’s name though, is it? After all, it’s just a string of letters. It’s about valuing the person and maybe even (just for a moment) making their needs more important than your own.
After spending a day getting to know our newborn son, only one name jumped out at us: Maxwell Richard. I can’t put my finger on it. It just felt right.
Looking back, I’m struck by the fact that all the potential names that began with either a T or an M also felt right. I guess I, too, am susceptible to the power of the Name Letter Effect.
Let’s hope his destiny hasn’t been damaged too much.
As time goes by, perhaps more and more of our people will realize what are, at least at this point in our history, the most important collection of words ever strung together in the English language. These words originated from a penned composition sometime during either 1923 or 1924:
What we must fight for is to safeguard the existence and reproduction of our race and our people, the sustenance of our children and the purity of our blood, the freedom and independence of the fatherland, so that our people may mature for the fulfillment of the mission allotted it by the creator of the universe. Every thought and every idea, every doctrine and all knowledge, must serve this purpose. And everything must be examined from this point of view and used or rejected according to its utility.”
– Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (Volume 1, Chapter
At the time Hitler dictated these 88 words to Rudolf Hess in Landsberg Prison, the reference to “the fatherland” meant Germany. In the context of our situation today however, this has generally been adopted to mean Europe and those nations established by Europeans, which are still white-majority, but are rapidly changing demographically as we speak.
The appreciation of these 88 words is no idle pursuit. If we as Europeans or people of European decent are to survive the alarming and growing demographic shift working against us, then these words must become virtually central to our lives.
If our fortunes are not eventually turned around, then the people who have contributed more to human civilization than every other race on the earth combined will be lost forever.
The 88 words did not appear out of a vacuum, but were a product of the times when Germany was facing tremendous existential challenges.
Not only was Germany facing a corrosive enemy in the form of organized Jewry and a Jew-inspired communist insurgency from within, but also from Bolshevism in the east, which was also largely born out of the influence of organized Jewry. Bolshevism was a political system unlike any that Europe had ever known, scouring the lands as it did for real or suspected ideological “class enemies” and exterminating them by the millions.
This is no doubt why Hitler at the time stressed the following words to Hess:
What we must fight for is to safeguard the existence and reproduction of our race and our people . . . Every thought and every idea, every doctrine and all knowledge, must serve this purpose. And everything must be examined from this point of view and used or rejected according to its utility.”
And today, as in Hitler’s time, the European people again face enemies both internal and external. And yet again, as before, it is the same provocateurs with the same aim, using the same ideology.
In its own odd way, the two-pronged Jewish threat in Hitler’s time had relevance to the 88 words from Mein Kampf.
We can understand this by realizing the fact that during Hitler’s time, probably only a relatively small proportion of Jews actually partook in any direct, significant collaboration which represented a true threat to the integrity of Germany and Europe. In all probability, most European Jews most of the time were likely just trying to get on with their daily lives.
You simply don’t need a huge number of people to force momentous changes. You really just need enough people occupying the right places. But to actually put this all into place, however, you do need a supportive network – a big network. And this is where the Jews, particularly over the last 100 years, have held a distinct advantage over their European and Western hosts.
You see, the Jews more or less practise their own unwritten version of the 88 words. Perhaps not in the same militant, impassioned manner in which Hitler dictated the words to Hess, but they practice it nonetheless.
In fact, in order to endure, all ethnic groups practise their own unwritten version of the 88 words. Besides Jews, Muslims do as well, as do the Chinese, the Indian Hindus, the Sudanese and so on. They all do, both when they are in their own lands, and when they are invited to live in Western nations.
And Europeans throughout the West? Not much at all really.
Unlike all other ethnic groups on the planet, Europeans, particularly over the last 70 years, have been conditioned and expected to be individualistic, atomized, and inclusive towards others at the expense of their own interests in their very own lands.
This is not normal.
So if the 88 words do in fact represent some blueprint or hold some relevance for the survival of an ethnic group, what is the spirit and substance behind them? Can this passage from Mein Kampf be boiled down to a simple concept which encapsulates their essence?
I believe so. I believe that the 88 words can essentially be condensed right down to a single principle, expressed by a simple term: ingroup loyalty, otherwise known as ingroup bias, ingroup favouritism, ingroup–outgroup bias, or intergroup bias.
This, I believe, is essentially what Hitler was conveying in his passage of Mein Kampf.
Today of course, the social mindset of many whites throughout the West has become completely inverted and totally abnormal. Many are complicit in frowning upon and spurning their own ingroup loyalty and conceding it to outsider groups who are antithetical – and in some cases even openly hostile – to their own interests. This is an act no different to inviting more and more people into your own home and letting yourself and your children become further and further dispossessed.
What an utterly grotesque thing to do to your own kind.
This obviously begs the question of what can be done to attempt a reversal of this situation.
Although there has been several mechanisms at play in eroding our cohesion as an ingroup, the factor which would appear to be the most vulnerable to counterattack at this point is the instillation of the white guilt and shame complex within Western nations.
This guilt and shame complex has been instilled primarily by the weaponization of history against us via outright lies, distortions, omissions, selective magnification, and selective minimization of the events both from our history and that of others.
This at least affords us a chance, since this vicious propaganda campaign can only hold up for as long as the false historical narrative supporting it can hold up. And in today’s internet world, propagating lies in this manner often invites attack. All of these lies are now open right up in front of us just waiting to be savaged.
If we roll over the whole checklist of lies and utilize the internet effectively to achieve enough reach, we can certainly do some serious damage.
This of course won’t solve all of our problems, but if executed successfully, such a strategy will yank one of the pillars right out from under the rotten system we are up against.
In fact, such an undertaking is already underway, slowly gaining momentum. Sites such as Renegade Tribune and many other blog sites, pro-white or otherwise, feature articles countering the various false historical narratives. Numerous YouTube channels can be found doing much the same, again, both pro-white and non-pro-white.
This is all good news, but we need to turn up the intensity. We need to identify every piece of historical distortion being used to maintain the white guilt complex, engage in meaningful research, and start tearing apart all of these false narratives. Our cases need to be well-researched and watertight.
Absolutely critical to success in this area, however, is to achieve as great a reach as possible by any and all means: online, e-books, real books, DVDs, word of mouth, anything, everything.
Perhaps one day we might just start to hear the floodgates start to creak, groan and grate before that beautiful moment when all finally gives way and truth finally starts flooding in.
Regardless of such wishful thinking, whatever strategy we choose, whatever path we take, whatever we decide to do, along every step of the way, we must remember:
Every thought and every idea, every doctrine and all knowledge, must serve this purpose. And everything must be examined from this point of view and used or rejected according to its utility.”
References
Adolf Hitler. Mein Kampf. Mariner Books, 1998.
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Hard work matters … period .. deploy it on what matters to you .. parenting, work, your company your friends etc. Your Actions have to map to your ambitions.
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Thank you for watching this video. I hope that you keep up with the daily videos I post on the channel, subscribe, and share your learnings with those that need to hear it. Your comments are my oxygen, so please take a second and say ‘Hey’ ;).
watch all of my short motivational films HERE:
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Gary Vaynerchuk is a serial entrepreneur and the CEO and founder of VaynerMedia, a full-service digital agency servicing Fortune 500 clients across the company’s 5 locations. Gary is also a prolific public speaker, venture capitalist, 4-time New York Times Bestselling Author, and has been named to both Crain’s and Fortune’s 40 Under 40 lists.
Gary is the host of the #AskGaryVee Show, a business and marketing focused Q&A video show and podcast, as well as DailyVee, a docu-series highlighting what it’s like to be a CEO, investor, speaker, and public figure in today’s digital age.
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