The meaning of the word rock - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Verb

She gently rocked the baby to sleep.

He rocked back and forth while he stood waiting.

The boat rocked back and forth on the waves.

An earthquake rocked the town.

The building was rocked by an explosion.

The news of the murders rocked the town.

Their invention rocked the computer industry.

The band rocked the crowd.

Recent Examples on the Web

The supermodel, 49, shared a series of photos from her family’s vacation to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, on Tuesday, including some of her rocking a gorgeous green string bikini.

—Tracey Harrington Mccoy, Peoplemag, 5 Apr. 2023

Meanwhile, her bridal party— which included her sister, Adria Biles, Steph Magellan, Kayla Simone, Rachel Moore and Rebecca Delaney—each rocked different shades of powder blue.

—Ariana Garcia, Chron, 5 Apr. 2023

Overview Cast as a sportier alternative to the GV80 SUV, the Genesis GV80 Coupe rocks a fastback roofline and more aggressive design.

—Drew Dorian, Car and Driver, 5 Apr. 2023

Explosions rocked the city on March 20.

—Adam Taylor, Júlia Ledur, Francesca Ebel And Mary Ilyushina, The Washington Post, Anchorage Daily News, 4 Apr. 2023

Now, Jerusalem was rocking.

—Taylor Luck, The Christian Science Monitor, 4 Apr. 2023

Last night, country music rocked.

—Matt Wake | Mwake@al.com, al, 4 Apr. 2023

Explosions rocked the city on March 20.

—Mary Ilyushina, Washington Post, 3 Apr. 2023

Thursday Malden 12, Salem Academy 2 — Junior Zeke Noelsaint (3 for 3) rocked a three-run homer, drove in two more, and stole five bases for the Golden Tornadoes (1-0).

—BostonGlobe.com, 3 Apr. 2023

Thank you for being my rock and restoring my faith in love.

—Hedy Phillips, Peoplemag, 7 Apr. 2023

Polarizing rock band Greta Van Fleet will return this summer with its next album, Starcatcher, which was produced by Nashville veteran Dave Cobb.

—Jonathan Cohen, SPIN, 7 Apr. 2023

Vivian Trimble, a singer and keyboardist best known as a member of the stylish 1990s rock band Luscious Jackson, died Tuesday.

—Mikael Wood, Los Angeles Times, 7 Apr. 2023

As with most kids, their father is their rock.

—Cameron Buford | Cbuford@al.com, al, 6 Apr. 2023

The iconic Argentine rock band Los Fabulosos Cadillacs and Puerto Rican artist Eladio Carrión are also confirmed for that day.

—Griselda Flores, Billboard, 6 Apr. 2023

Collected in September 2021, the rover’s first sample is thought to be igneous rock from an ancient lava flow.

—Jonathan O’callaghan, Scientific American, 5 Apr. 2023

Boygenius is a rock band and a writers’ workshop and a place of peace for Julien Baker, Phoebe Bridgers, and Lucy Dacus, singer-songwriters whose music hides devastating emotional candor behind deceptively enticing hooks.

—Vulture, 4 Apr. 2023

The two grew close during Rogers’ days on stage in rock band Free, among his other career-spanning projects.

—Matthew Leimkuehler, USA TODAY, 3 Apr. 2023

See More

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘rock.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Источник

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

to move (someone or something) back and forth or from side to side

[+ object]

She gently rocked the baby to sleep.
Waves rocked the boat.

[no object]

He rocked back and forth while he stood waiting.
The boat rocked back and forth on the waves.

[+ object]

to cause (something) to shake violently

An earthquake rocked the town.
The building was rocked by an explosion.

— sometimes used figuratively

The discovery rocked [=shook] the very foundations of their theory.

to cause (someone or something) to be upset or shocked

The news of the murders rocked the town.

to affect or influence (someone or something) very powerfully

Their invention rocked the computer industry.

to entertain (someone) in a very powerful and effective way

The band rocked the crowd.
His performance rocked the house. [=the audience loved his performance]
The new video game will rock your world. [=you will really like the new video game]

[no object]

informal

to sing, dance to, or play rock music

We were rocking all night long.

[no object]

slang

to be very enjoyable, pleasing, or effective

Her new car really rocks. [=her new car is really great]

rock out

[phrasal verb]

informal

to play music in a loud or energetic way

The band rocks out on their new album.

rock the boat

—

see ¹boat

— rocking

noun,

plural

rockings

[count, noncount]

a slow rocking

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

[noncount]

the hard, solid material that the surface of the Earth is made of

They drilled through several layers of solid rock.
Moss can grow on bare rock.
The miners made a tunnel through the rock.
volcanic rock

— often used before another noun

The mountain had many amazing rock formations.

—

see also bedrock, sheetrock

[count]

a piece of rock

a flat rock
(US) We threw rocks [=stones] into the water.
a pile of rocks

[count]

a large piece of rock that sticks up from the surface of the Earth

She climbed the rock.
The ship crashed into the rocks.

— used in phrases to say that something is very hard, steady, etc.

This bread is (as) hard as a rock. = The bread is rock-hard. [=the bread is very hard]
Her hand was steady as a rock. [=her hand was very steady]
His muscles are solid as a rock. [=very strong/solid]
The frozen chicken is rock-solid.
The beat of the drum was rock-steady.

a strong person who can be relied on

We could always count on him—he was our rock.

someone whose ideas, values, ways of doing things, etc., do not change

Once she makes up her mind, she’s (like) a rock. [=nobody can change her mind once she decides something]

[count]

informal

a diamond or other jewel

Look at the size of that rock on her finger.

[noncount]

British

hard candy that is made in a stick

a stick of rock

—

compare rock candy

[count]

informal

a small hard piece of a drug

a rock of crack cocaine

between a rock and a hard place

informal

in a very difficult or bad position or situation with no good way of getting out of it

He is caught/stuck between a rock and a hard place.

get your rocks off

informal

of a man

to have an orgasm

to feel great pleasure or satisfaction

He gets his rocks off bossing everyone around.

live under a rock

to be unaware of things that most people know about

How could you have not heard about it? Do you live under a rock?

on the rocks

having a lot of problems and likely to fail

Their marriage is on the rocks. [=in trouble]

of an alcoholic drink

with ice cubes

He ordered a whiskey/Scotch on the rocks.

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

[noncount]

a kind of popular music with a strong beat that is played on instruments that are made louder electronically

My favorite types of music are jazz and rock.

— often used before another noun

rock music
a rock concert/band/star

—

see also hard rock, soft rock

Источник

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

(General Australian) /ɹɔk/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɹɒk/
(General American) enPR: rŏk, IPA^(key): /ɹɑk/
Homophones: roc, rawk
Rhymes: -ɒk

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English rocke, rokke (“rock formation”), from Old English *rocc (“rock”), as in Old English stānrocc (“high stone rock, peak, obelisk”), and also later from Anglo-Norman roque, (compare Modern French roc, roche, rocher), from Medieval Latin rocca (attested 767), of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be of Celtic (in particular, perhaps Gaulish) origin (compare Breton roc’h).^[1]

Noun[edit]

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

Solid mineral aggregate.

A boulder.

A yellow diamond.

Several rocks of crack cocaine.

A formation of minerals, specifically:
1. (uncountable) The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth’s crust.
  - 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28:
    
    Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. […] Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
  The face of the cliff is solid rock.
2. A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water.
  
  The ship crashed on the rocks.
3. (chiefly British) A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble.
  
  Some fool has thrown a rock through my window.
4. (geology) Any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals.
5. (slang) A precious stone or gem, especially a diamond.
  
  Look at the size of that rock on her finger!
A large hill or island having no vegetation.

Pearl Rock near Cape Cod is so named because the morning sun makes it gleam like a pearl.
(figuratively) Something that is strong, stable, and dependable; a person who provides security or support to another.
- 1991, Robert Harling and Andrew Bergman, Soapdish, Paramount Pictures,
  
  Celeste Talbert: She is my rock, my right hand.
A lump or cube of ice.

I’ll have a whisky on the rocks, please.
(Britain, uncountable) A type of confectionery made from sugar in the shape of a stick, traditionally having some text running through its length.

While we’re in Brighton, let’s get a stick of rock!
(US, slang) A crystallized lump of crack cocaine.

Synonyms: crack rock, candy
- 1995, “Dear Mama”, in Me Against the World, performed by 2Pac:
  
  I ain’t guilty, ‘cause even though I sell rocks / It feels good puttin’ money in your mailbox
- 2014, Russell Brand, “Prologue”, in Revolution, →ISBN, page xiii:
  
  When I necked five-quid bottles of vodka, I did not read the label. When I scored rocks and bags off tumbleweed hobos blowing through the no-man’s-land of Hackney estates, I conducted no litmus test.
(US, slang) An unintelligent person, especially one who repeats mistakes.
(South Africa, slang, derogatory) An Afrikaner.
(US poker slang) An extremely conservative player who is willing to play only the very strongest hands.
Any of several fish:
1. The striped bass.
2. The huss or rock salmon.
  
  We ordered rock and chips to take away.
(US, basketball, slang) A basketball.

Yo homie, pass the rock!
- 2021 July 14, A. A. Dowd, “Space Jam: A New Legacy is one big, witless commercial for Warner Bros. properties”, in The A.V. Club‎^[1]:
  
  It [the original Space Jam limped to 88 minutes with detours into Jordan’s swanky mansion and forced its cartoon cavalry to compete for screen time against Wayne Knight and a bunch of basketball players who delivered their lines much less confidently than they put the rock through the net.
(US, baseball, slang) A mistake.
- 2014, Joe Morgan, Richard Lally, Baseball For Dummies (page 227)
  
  Now, you should never make the last out of an inning at third, and when a player does it, everyone knows he pulled a rock.
(curling) Synonym of stone.
(rock paper scissors) A closed hand (a handshape resembling a rock), that beats scissors and loses to paper. It beats lizard and loses to Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.
(informal, cricket) A cricket ball, especially a new one that has not been softened by use
(CB radio slang) A crystal used to control the radio frequency.
- 1980, Joseph J. Carr, The Complete Handbook of Radio Receivers (page 199)
  
  It was easily possible to double the cost of a CB rig just by adding all of the «rocks» necessary to do the job.

Synonyms[edit]

(natural mineral aggregate): stone
(projecting mass of rock): cliff
(boulder or large stone): boulder, pebble, stone
(something strong, stable, and dependable): foundation, support
(precious stone or gem): gem, diamond
(lump of ice): ice, ice cube
(crystallized lump of crack cocaine): crack
(Afrikaner): Afrikaner
bedrock

Hyponyms[edit]

(geology): country rock, ingenious rock

Derived terms[edit]

alum rock, Alum Rock
Ayers Rock
azoic rock
bedrock
between a rock and a hard place
Black Rock
Blackhall Rocks
cap rock
Carvel Rock
Castle Rock, Castlerock
Chimney Rock
cock of the rock (Rupicolinae spp.)
duck on a rock
dumb as a box of rocks
dumb as rocks
Edinburgh rock
Farallon Rock
Flat Rock
get one’s rocks off
hit the rock, hit the rocks
Little Rock
Long Rock, Longrock
mantle rock
metamorphic rock
on the rocks
Paint Rock
Plymouth Rock
Red Rock
rock ape (Macaca sylvanus)
rock armour, rock armor
rock badger (Procavia capensis)
rock barnacle (Semibalanus balanoides)
rock bass (Ambloplites spp.)
rock blenny (Xiphister mucosus)
rock borer (Hiatella spp.)
rock bottom
rock brake
rock broom (Genista sagittalis subsp. delphinensis)
rock bun, rockbun
rock bunting (Emberiza cia)
rock bush quail (Perdicula argoondah)
rock butter
rock cake
rock candy
rock catchfly (Silene caroliniana)
rock catfish (Austroglanis sclateri)
rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris)
rock cedar (Juniperus ashei)
rock centaury (Centaurium beyrichii)
rock chestnut oak (Quercus prinus)
rock chuck (Marmota flaviventris)
rock climber
rock climbing
rock club moss (Selaginella rupestris)
rock cocaine
rock cock (Rupicola rupicola, Rupicola peruviana)
rock cockle (Leukoma staminea)
rock cod (Lotella rhacina)
rock conure (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock cork
rock cormorant (Phalacrocorax magellanicus)
Rock County
rock crab
rock cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)
rock crawler (Grylloblattidae)
Rock Creek
rock crystal
rock cycle
rock dassie (Procavia capensis)
rock dormouse (Graphiurus platyops)
rock dots, röck döts
rock dove (Columba livia)
rock drill
rock duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)
rock dust
rock eagle-owl (Bubo bengalensis)
rock eel (Pholidae spp; Xiphister mucosus)
rock elegant (Neophema petrophila)
rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
Rock English
rock face
rock falcon
Rock Falls
rock fern
Rock Ferry
rock firefinch (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis)
rock flour
rock flower (Crossosoma)
rock frog
rock garden
rock geranium (Heuchera spp.)
rock glacier
rock goat (Capra spp.)
rock goby (Gobius paganellus)
rock goldenrod (Solidago pumila)
rock goose (Chloephaga hybrida)
rock greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus)
rock grouper (Mycteroperca venenosa)
rock grouse
rock guenon (Erythrocebus patas)
rock gunnel (Pholis gunnellus)
rock hare (Pronolagus)
rock hawk (Falco columbarius)
rock hind (Epinephelus adscensionis)
rock horned lizard (Phrynosoma ditmarsi)
rock hound
rock hyrax (Procavia capensis)
rock iguana (Cyclura)
Rock Island
rock jasmine (Androsace)
rock kangaroo (Petrogale spp.)
rock kelp (Fucales spp.)
rock kestrel (Falco rupicolus)
rock lark (Anthus petrosus)
rock larkspur (Delphinium tricorne)
rock lily
rock lizard
rock lobster (Palinuridae)
rock louse (Deto marina)
rock manakin (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock maple (Acer saccharum)
rock martin (Ptyonoprogne fuligula)
rock mechanics
rock milk
rock moss (Ochrolechia tartarea)
rock mouse (Petromyscus collinus)
Rock of Ages
Rock of Gibraltar
rock oil
rock opossum (Petrogale xanthopus)
rock ousel (Turdus torquatus)
rock oyster (Saccostrea spp.)
rock paper scissors
rock parakeet (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock parrot (Neophema petrophila)
rock partridge (Alectoris graeca)
rock penstemon (Penstemon rupicola)
rock peppler (Polytelis anthopeplus)
rock petronia (Petronia petronia)
rock pigeon (Columba livia)
rock pine (Orostachys japonica)
rock pink (Talinum calycinum)
rock pipit (Anthus petrosus)
rock plant (lithophyte)
rock plover
rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)
rock polypody (Polypodium virgianum)
Rock Port
rock pratincole (Glareola nuchalis)
rock prickleback (Xiphister mucosus)
rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta)
rock purslane (Calandrinia)
rock python (Python spp.)
rock rabbit (Procavia capensis)
Rock Rapids
rock rat (Petromys typicus)
rock rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.)
rock ringtail possum (Petropseudes dahli)
rock salmon
rock salt
rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum)
rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis)
rock sandwort (Arenaria stricta)
rock saxifrage (Saxifraga virginiensis)
rock scorpion
rock sea bass (Centropristis philadelphica)
rock sea lavender (Limonium binervosum)
rock seal (Phoca vitulina)
rock sequence
rock shag (Phalacrocorax magellanicus)
rock shandy
rock shed
rock shell (Muricidae spp.)
rock shelter
rock shrike (Monticola spp.)
rock shrimp (Sicyonia spp.)
rock skipper (Staurois latopalmatus)
rock slide
rock snail (Codringtonia codringtonii)
rock snake
rock snipe (Calidris maritima)
rock snot (Didymosphenia geminata)
rock soap
rock soapwort (Saponaria ocymoides)
rock sparrow (Petronia petronia)
rock spider
rock spikemoss (Selaginella rupestris)
rock spiraea (Holodiscus spp.)
rock squirrel (Otospermophilus variegatus)
rock starling (Turdus torquatus)
rock sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)
rock sugar
rock sunfish (Ambloplites rupestris)
rock swallow (esp. Ptyonoprogne rupestris)
rock tapaculo (Scytalopus petrophilus)
rock tar
rock thrush (Monticola saxatilis)
rock tripe (Umbilicaria)
rock trout (Hexagrammos decagrammus)
rock varnish
rock violet (Trentepohlia iolithus)
rock vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus)
rock wallaby (Petrogale spp.)
rock whiting (Odacidae spp.)
rock wool
rock wren
rock-alum
rock-bound, rockbound
rock-dumb
rock-hard
rock-jumper, rockjumper (Chaetops spp.)
rock-ribbed
rock-solid
rock-steady
rockburst
rockcress (Brassicaceae: Arabis, Arabidopsis, Boechera spp.)
rockcrusher
rockery
rockfall, rock fall
rockfill
rockfish
rockfowl (Picathartes spp.)
rockhopper, rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes spp.)
rockish
rockless
rocklike
rockling
rockmelon (Cucumis melo subsp. reticulatus)
rockness
rockpile
rockrose
rockscape
Rocksprings
rockstar
rocksucker (Petromyzontidae)
Rockwall
rockwarbler (Origma solitaria)
rockweed (Silvetia spp.)
rockwood
rockwork
rocky
Round Rock
Saba Rock
see rocks ahead
Soldado Rock
solid as a rock
steady as a rock
sunken rock
Tarpeian Rock
The Rock
the Rock

Translations[edit]

natural mineral aggregate

Abkhaz: ахра (axra)
Afrikaans: rots
Aghwan: 𐕇𐕒𐕡𐔽 (x̣uˁ)
Apache:

Jicarilla: tsé

Western Apache: tsé
Arabic: صَخْرَة‎ f (ṣaḵra)

Egyptian Arabic: حجر‎ m (ḥagar)
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: քար (hy) (kʿar), ապար (hy) (apar)
Avar: гамачӏ (gamačʼ)
Azerbaijani: daş (az)
Bashkir: таш (taş)
Brunei Malay: batu
Bulgarian: скала (bg) (skala), камък (bg) (kamǎk)
Catalan: quer (ca) m, roc (ca) m, roca (ca) f, pedra (ca) f
Catawba: iti, inti
Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵇⵛⵎⵉⵔ m (aqšmir)
Central Melanau: batou
Chechen: тарх (tarx)
Cherokee: ᏅᏯ (nvya)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: sten (da) c
Dena’ina: qanłnigi, qałnigi
Dogrib: kwe
Dutch: steen (nl) m, rots (nl) f, gesteente (nl) n, vels m
Eastern Bontoc: fiato
Emilian: sâs
Esperanto: roko
Faroese: grót n
Finnish: kivi (fi)
French: roche (fr) f, roc (fr) m, pierre (fr) f
Galician: rocha (gl) f
Georgian: ქანი (ka) (kani)
German: Fels (de) m, Gestein (de) n
Greek: πέτρα (el) f (pétra)

Ancient: λίθος m (líthos), πέτρα f (pétra)
Gujarati: ખડક (gu) (khaḍak)
Hawaiian: pōhaku
Hebrew: סֶלַע‎ (he) m (séla’), אֶבֶן‎ (he) f (éven)
Higaonon: bato
Hungarian: kő (hu)
Ilocano: bato
Indonesian: bebatuan (id)
Interlingua: rocca
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Istriot: sasso m
Italian: roccia (it) f
Jamaican Creole: rock stone
Japanese: 岩石 (ja) (ganseki), 岩 (ja) (iwa)
Khmer: ថ្ម (km) (tmor)
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, silex (la) m
Latvian: ieži m pl
Lombard: sass m
Lubuagan Kalinga: betu, patungaw
Macedonian: камен m (kamen)
Malagasy: vato (mg)
Malay: batu (ms), sakhrat
Maltese: ġebla f
Manx: carrick f
Maori: kāmaka, kōhatu, kōwhatu
Marathi: खडक m (khaḍak)
Mauritian Creole: ros
Mizo: lung
Mongolian: хад (xad)
Navajo: tsé
Norwegian:

Bokmål: stein (no) m, berg (no) n

Nynorsk: stein (no) m, berg (no) n
Occitan: ròcha (oc) f
Ojibwe: asin
Old English: stān m
Ossetian: къӕдзӕх (k’æʒæx)
Ottoman Turkish: جندل‎ (cendel)
Persian: تخته سنگ‎ (fa) (taxta-e sang)
Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤍‎ (ʾbn)
Polish: skała (pl) f
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f, pedra (pt) f
Quechua: rumi
Romanian: stâncă (ro), rocă (ro)
Russian: (го́рная) поро́да f ((górnaja) poróda)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f
Serbo-Croatian: stena (sh), kamen (sh), kamenica (sh), skala (sh), stijena (sh) f
Seychellois Creole: ros
Slovak: skala f
Slovene: skala (sl) f, kamen (sl) m
Southern Kalinga: fatu
Spanish: piedra (es) f, roca (es) f
Swedish: berg (sv) n, sten (sv) c
Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠟ (hil)
Tagalog: bato (tl)
Tibetan: རྡོ (rdo)
Tigrinya: ከውሒ (käwḥi)
Tocharian B: kärweñe
Tuvan: даш (daş)
Tuwali Ifugao: bat’u
Unami: ahsën
Vietnamese: đá (vi)
Volapük: klif (vo)
Votic: tšivi
Welsh: craig
West Coast Bajau: please add this translation if you can

mass of projecting rock

Arabic: صَخْرَة‎ f (ṣaḵra)
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: ժայռ (hy) (žayṙ)
Bashkir: ҡая (qaya)
Bulgarian: скала́ (bg) (skalá)
Catalan: roc (ca) m, roca (ca) f, pedra (ca) f, penya (ca) f
Chinese:

Mandarin: 石頭／石头 (zh) (shítóu)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: klif (nl), rots (nl)
Faroese: klettur m
Finnish: kivi (fi), kallio (fi) (from the ground), kari (fi), luoto (fi), kivi (fi) (from water)
French: rocher (fr) m
Galician: roca (gl) f, penedo (gl) m, con (gl) m
German: Felsen (de) m, Fels (de) m, Klippe (de) f
Greek: βράχος (el) m (vráchos)

Ancient Greek: πέτρα f (pétra)
Greenlandic: qaqqaq
Hawaiian: pōhaku
Hungarian: szikla (hu)
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Italian: roccia (it) f
Japanese: 岩 (ja) (iwa), 岩石 (ja) (ganseki)
Korean: 바위 (ko) (bawi)
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, silex (la) m
Latvian: klints f
Lithuanian: uola f
Macedonian: карпа (karpa)
Maori: kāmaka, kōhatu, kōwhatu
Marathi: सुळका m (suḷkā)
Mizo: lung, lungpui, lung
Mòcheno: knott m
Norman: rotchi m
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Ottoman Turkish: حشفه‎ (haşefe) (from the sea)
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f
Quechua: qaqa
Russian: скала́ (ru) f (skalá), утёс (ru) m (utjós)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f, carraig f
Serbo-Croatian: stijena (sh) f
Slovene: skala (sl) f
Spanish: roca (es) f, peñasco (es) m
Swahili: mwamba (sw) class 3/4
Swedish: klippa (sv) c
Tagalog: dakbato
Ukrainian: ске́ля f (skélja)

large stone or boulder

Abkhaz: ахра (axra)
Afrikaans: rots
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: քար (hy) (kʿar), վեմ (hy) (vem)
Avar: кьуру (kkˡʼuru)
Bashkir: таш (taş)
Bulgarian: скала́ (bg) (skalá)
Catalan: quer (ca) m, roca (ca) f
Chechen: please add this translation if you can
Czech: kámen (cs) m, balvan (cs) m
Danish: kampesten (da) c, stenblok n
Dena’ina: qałnigi
Dutch: rots (nl)
Finnish: kivi (fi), kivenlohkare (fi), lohkare (fi)
French: rocher (fr) m, roc (fr) m
Galician: roca (gl) f, pena (gl) f
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: Felsbrocken (de) m, Felsblock (de) m, (erratic) Findling (de) m, Fels (de) m
Greek:

Ancient: πέτρα f (pétra)
Hebrew: סֶלַע‎ (he) m (séla’)
Hungarian: szikla (hu)
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Italian: roccia (it) f
Japanese: 石 (ja) (ishi)
Khmer: ថ្ម (km) (tmor)
Latin: saxum (la) n, silex (la) m, rupes f
Latvian: laukakmens m
Macedonian: карпа (karpa)
Malay: batu (ms)
Mizo: lung, lungtum
Mongolian: хад (mn) (xad)
Mòcheno: knott m
Norman: rotchi m (Jersey)
Norwegian: kampestein m
Ojibwe: asin
Old English: carr m, clifstān m
Ossetian: дур (dur)
Ottoman Turkish: قیا‎ (kaya)
Polish: skała (pl) f, głaz (pl) m
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f
Romanian: stană (ro) f
Russian: ка́мень (ru) m (kámenʹ), валу́н (ru) m (valún)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f, carraig f
Serbo-Croatian: стена f, stena (sh) f, stijena (sh) f
Slovak: skala f
Slovene: skala (sl) f, kamen (sl) m
Spanish: peña (es) f
Swedish: klippblock n, stenblock (sv) n
Tagalog: bato (tl), dakbato
Tibetan: རྡོ (rdo)
Tuvan: please add this translation if you can
Ukrainian: ка́мінь (uk) m (káminʹ), каменю́ка f (kamenjúka)

(US) smaller stone; pebble — see pebble

hill or island without vegetation

Catalan: roc (ca) m
Czech: útes (cs) m
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: rots (nl)
Finnish: kallio (fi) (hill), luoto (fi) (island)
German: Klippe (de) f, Felsen (de) m, Schäre (de) f
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, scopulus m
Latvian: klints f
Mizo: pialtlêp, pialhmun
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Portuguese: rochedo (pt) m
Russian: скала́ (ru) f (skalá), утёс (ru) m (utjós)
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: стена

Roman: stena (sh)
Swedish: skär (sv) n (island)
Tagalog: bato (tl)

something strong, stable, and dependable

Afrikaans: rots
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Bulgarian: опора (bg) f (opora)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: steen (nl)
Finnish: kallio (fi)
German: Fels (de) m, Fels in der Brandung m
Hebrew: צוּר‎ (he) m (tzur)
Maori: iho
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Polish: opoka f, skała (pl) f
Russian: опо́ра (ru) f (opóra), фундаме́нт (ru) m (fundamént)
Swedish: klippa (sv) c

precious stone or gem

Bulgarian: камък (bg) m (kamǎk)
Catalan: pedra preciosa f, pedra (ca) f
Czech: drahokam (cs) m
Danish: ædelsten c (generally)
Finnish: kivi (fi)
French: caillou (fr), diam (fr) m (diamond)
German: Klunker (de) m
Greek: πέτρα (el) f (pétra), πολύτιμος λίθος (el) m (polýtimos líthos)
Latin: lapis (la), lapis (la) m, saxum (la) n
Norwegian: edelstein (no) m
Polish: kamień szlachetny (pl) m
Portuguese: pedra (pt) f
Russian: (драгоце́нный) ка́мень m ((dragocénnyj) kámenʹ)
Spanish: piedra preciosa (es) f, piedra (es) f
Swedish: ädelsten (sv) c (generally), diamant (sv) c (especially)
Ukrainian: (дорогоці́нний) ка́мінь (uk) m (káminʹ)

lump of ice

Danish: isklump c
Finnish: jääpala (fi), jäät (fi) pl, jääkuutio
Norwegian: isbit m
Portuguese: cubo de gelo m, cubo (pt) m
Russian: (on the rocks) со льдом (so lʹdom)
Swedish: isbit (sv) c

confectionery made from sugar

Bulgarian: твърд бонбон m (tvǎrd bonbon)
Czech: cukrkandl m
Danish: bolsje n
Dutch: kandij (nl), suikerstok
Finnish: tikkunekku (fi)
French: sucre d’orge (fr)
German: Kandiszucker (de) m, Zuckerstange (de) f
Norwegian: kandissukker m
Russian: ледене́ц (ru) m (ledenéc), караме́ль (ru) f (karamélʹ)
Swedish: polkagris (sv) c (approximately)

derogative: Afrikaner (for non-derogative terms, see Afrikaner)

Translations to be checked

Georgian: ^{(please verify)} კლდე (ka) (ḳlde), ^{(please verify)} ქვა (kva), ^{(please verify)} ქარაფი (karapi)
Italian: (1,2) ^{(please verify)} roccia (it) f, (2) ^{(please verify)} pietra (it) f, (3) ^{(please verify)} sasso (it) m, (4) ^{(please verify)} masso (it) m, (5) ^{(please verify)} scoglio (it) m
Mongolian: ^{(please verify)} чулуу (mn) (čuluu)
Norman: ^{(please verify)} greune f (Jersey)
Spanish: (1,2) ^{(please verify)} peña (es) f, (1,2) ^{(please verify)} roca (es) f
Swahili: (2) ^{(please verify)} jiwe (sw) class 5/6 pl (1,2)

References[edit]

^ Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “rock”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English rokken, from Old English roccian, from Proto-West Germanic *rokkōn, from Proto-Germanic *rukkōną (compare obsolete Dutch rokken, Middle High German rocken (“to drag, jerk”), Modern German rücken (“to move, shift”), Icelandic rukka (“to yank”)), from Proto-Germanic *rugnōną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ruk-néh₂, from *h₃rewk-, *h₃runk- (compare Latin runcāre (“to weed”), Latvian rũķēt (“to toss, dig”)).

Verb[edit]

rock (third-person singular simple present rocks, present participle rocking, simple past and past participle rocked)

(transitive and intransitive) To move gently back and forth.
Rock the baby to sleep.

The empty swing rocked back and forth in the wind.
(transitive) To cause to shake or sway violently.
- A rising earthquake rocked the ground.
Don’t rock the boat.
(intransitive) To sway or tilt violently back and forth.

The boat rocked at anchor.
(transitive and intransitive, of ore etc.) To be washed and panned in a cradle or in a rocker.

The ores had been rocked and laid out for inspection.
(transitive) To disturb the emotional equilibrium of; to distress; to greatly impact (most often positively).

Downing Street has been rocked by yet another sex scandal.

She rocked my world.
(intransitive) To do well or to be operating at high efficiency.
- 2012 April 24, Phil Dawkes, “Barcelona 2-2 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:
  
  The Blues’ challenge had been rocking at that point, with Terry’s centre-back partner Gary Cahill lost to injury and Barca having just levelled the tie through Busquets’s neat, close-range finish from Isaac Cuenca’s pull-back.
(intransitive, stative) to be cool.

That band rocks!
(slang, transitive, euphemistic) to make love to or have sex with.
- 1973, Noddy Holder, Jim Lea (lyrics and music), “Cum On Feel the Noize”, performed by Slade:
  
  Cum on feel the noize, girls, rock your boys.
- 1974, Andy Kim (lyrics and music), “Rock Me Gently”:
  
  Rock me gently, rock me slowly, take it easy, don’t you know, that I have never been loved like this before.
- 1974, Harry Wayne Casey, Richard Finch (lyrics and music), “Rock Your Baby”, performed by George McCrae:
  
  Open up your heart / And let the loving start / Oh, woman, take me in your arms / Rock your baby.
(intransitive) To sway one’s body as a stim.

Synonyms[edit]

(move gently back and forth): waver; see also Thesaurus:sway
(cause to shake violently): agitate, trouble
(sway violently back and forth): judder; see also Thesaurus:shake
(do well): cook with gas, flourish
(be good): rules
(have sex with): go to bed with, hit, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

Derived terms[edit]

rock along
rock and roll, rock ‘n’ roll
rock on
rock out
rock the boat
rock the house
rock up
rock with laughter
rock-a-bye
rocker
rocking
rocky
the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world

Translations[edit]

move gently back and forth

Afrikaans: wieg
Armenian: please add this translation if you can
Aromanian: leagãn
Azerbaijani: yırğalanmaq
Basque: please add this translation if you can
Bulgarian: люлея (bg) (ljuleja)
Czech: kolébat impf
Danish: gynge (da), vugge (da) (baby)
Dutch: wiegen (nl)
Esperanto: balanci
Finnish: (tr.) keinuttaa (fi), (intr.) keinua (fi)
French: remuer (fr), (babies) bercer (fr)
Galician: abalar (gl), abanar (gl), abaloucar
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: schwanken (de), schaukeln (de), (baby) wiegen (de)
Ido: baskuligar (io)
Italian: cullare (it), ondeggiare (it), trastullare (it)
Khmer: យោល (km) (yool, youl)
Latvian: šūpot (transitive), aijāt (an infant; transitive), šūpoties (reflexive)
Macedonian: лулеам (luleam)
Maori: whakapīoioi
Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
Norwegian: gynge

Bokmål: vugge (no)
Portuguese: embalar (pt), balançar (pt)
Romanian: legăna (ro)
Russian: кача́ть (ru) impf (kačátʹ), кача́ться (ru) impf (kačátʹsja) (intransitive), (rock to sleep) ука́чивать (ru) impf (ukáčivatʹ), баю́кать (ru) impf (bajúkatʹ)
Serbo-Croatian: ljuljati (sh), klackati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Spanish: mecer (es), acunar (es)
Swedish: gunga (sv), vagga (sv) (baby), vyssja (sv) (baby)
Thai: please add this translation if you can
Turkish: sallamak (tr), sallanmak (tr) (passive)
Ukrainian: кача́ти (kačáty), кача́тися (kačátysja)
Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can

cause to shake or sway violently

Afrikaans: skud
Bulgarian: клатя (bg) (klatja)
Czech: rozkolébávat impf, rozkolébat pf
Danish: ryste (da)
Dutch: schudden (nl)
Finnish: keikuttaa
French: secouer (fr), (boat) faire tanguer
Galician: sacudir (gl), abalar (gl)
Latvian: sašūpināt
Maori: whakatāhurihuri (as to a boat), whakatāhurihuri, whakapīoioi
Norwegian: riste (no)
Portuguese: balançar (pt), abalar (pt)
Russian: кача́ть (ru) impf (kačátʹ), раска́чивать (ru) impf (raskáčivatʹ)
Serbo-Croatian: drmati (sh), uzdrmati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Swedish: skaka (sv)
Ukrainian: кача́ти (kačáty)

sway or tilt violently back and forth

Afrikaans: waggel
Bulgarian: клатя се (klatja se)
Czech: naklánět impf, vyklánět impf
Danish: gynge (da), krænge (vehicle)
Dutch: schommelen (nl), waggelen (nl)
Finnish: keikkua (fi)
German: schaukeln (de), (nautical) stampfen (de)
Italian: cullare (it)
Latvian: šūpoties
Maori: tāhurihuri (refers to a boat), tāhurihuri, pīoioi
Norwegian: gynge
Portuguese: balançar (pt), abalar (pt)
Russian: кача́ться (ru) impf (kačátʹsja), раска́чиваться (ru) impf (raskáčivatʹsja)
Serbo-Croatian: drmati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Swedish: kränga (sv) (vehicle)
Turkish: sallanmak (tr) (vehicle)
Ukrainian: кача́тися (kačátysja)

disturb the mental or emotional equilibrium

Translations to be checked

Interlingua: (1) ^{(please verify)} sonar rock , (2) ^{(please verify)} exceller, ^{(please verify)} balanciar se , ^{(please verify)} oscillar, (3) ^{(please verify)} vacillar
Interlingua: (2) ^{(please verify)} balanciar, (a baby in a cradle; 2) ^{(please verify)} cunar
Tupinambá: ^{(please verify)} bibi

Noun[edit]

rock (plural rocks)

An act of rocking; a rocking motion; a sway.

Translations[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Shortened from rock and roll. Since the meaning of rock has adapted to mean a simpler, more modern, metal-like genre, rock and roll has generally been left referring to earlier forms such as that of the 1950s, notably more swing-oriented style.

Noun[edit]

rock (uncountable)

A style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums, and vocals.

Hyponyms[edit]

acid rock
adult-oriented rock
alternative rock
Britrock
Celtic rock
Christian rock
cock rock
country rock
dadrock
deathrock
folk rock
glam rock
glitter rock
gothic rock
hard rock
J-rock
krautrock
light rock
mellow rock
nyacht rock
pop rock
progressive rock
punk rock
soft rock
space rock
stoner rock
technorock
yacht rock

Derived terms[edit]

post-rock
rock band
rock group
rock music
rock violin
rockabilly
rockathon
rockfest
rockish
rockism
rockumentary

Translations[edit]

style of music

Arabic: رُوك‎ m (rūk), رُوك‎ m (rok), مُوسِيقَى اَلرُّوك‎ f (mūsīqā r-rūk)
Armenian: ռոք (hy) (ṙokʿ)
Belarusian: рок m (rok)
Bengali: রক (bn) (rok), রক সঙ্গীত (rok śoṅgit)
Bulgarian: рок m (rok)
Catalan: rock (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 搖滾樂／摇滚乐 (zh) (yáogǔnyuè)
Czech: rock (cs) m
Danish: rock (da) c, rock’n’roll c
Dutch: rock (nl) m
Faroese: rokkur m
Finnish: rokki (fi), rock (fi)
French: rock (fr) m
Georgian: როკი (roḳi), როკ-მუსიკა (roḳ-musiḳa)
German: Rock (de) m
Greek: ροκ (el) n or f (rok)
Hebrew: רוֹק‎ (he) m (rok)
Hindi: रॉक संगीत m (rŏk saṅgīt), रॉक (rŏk)
Hungarian: rock (hu)
Interlingua: rock
Irish: rac-cheol
Italian: rock (it) m
Japanese: ロック (ja) (rokku)
Korean: 록 (ko) (rok)
Latvian: roks m
Lithuanian: rokas m
Malay: rok (ms)
Maori: puoro pīoioi, puoro rakatū
Polish: rock (pl) m
Portuguese: rock (pt) m
Russian: рок (ru) m (rok)
Serbo-Croatian:

Roman: rok (sh) m
Slovak: rock m, rok (sk) m
Slovene: rock (sl) m
Spanish: rock (es) m
Swedish: rock (sv) c, rock’n’roll c
Thai: ร็อก (rɔ́k)
Turkish: rock (tr)
Ukrainian: рок m (rok)
Welsh: roc m

Verb[edit]

rock (third-person singular simple present rocks, present participle rocking, simple past and past participle rocked)

(intransitive) To play, perform, or enjoy rock music, especially with a lot of skill or energy.

Let’s rock!
(intransitive, slang) To be very favourable or skilful; excel; be fantastic.

Synonym: rule

Antonyms: stink, suck

Chocolate rocks.

My holidays in Ibiza rocked! I can’t wait to go back.
(transitive) To thrill or excite, especially with rock music.

Let’s rock this joint!
(transitive) To do something with excitement yet skillfully.

I need to rock a piss.
(transitive) To wear (a piece of clothing, outfit etc.) successfully or with style; to carry off (a particular look, style).

Synonym: sport
- 2011 April 29, Tim Jonze, “Nerdy but nice”, in The Guardian‎^[2]:
  
  Take today, where she’s rocking that well-known fashion combo – a Tory Burch outfit offset with a whacking great bruise attained by smacking her head on a plane’s overhead lockers.
- 2012 May 8, “Rhianna dazzles at the Met Gala”, in The Sun newspaper‎^[3]:
  
  Rihanna was the pick of the best bunch, rocking a black backless crocodile dress from Tom Ford’s Autumn 2012 collection

[edit]

rock and roll

Translations[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

From Middle English rok, rocke, rokke, perhaps from Middle Dutch rocke (whence Dutch rokken), Middle Low German rocken, or Old Norse rokkr (whence Icelandic / Faroese rokkur, Danish rok, Swedish spinnrock (“spinning wheel”)). Cognate with Old High German rocko (“distaff”).

Noun[edit]

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

(countable) Distaff.
- 1899, T Frank Waters, The Development of Our Town Government:
  
  By order of the General Court in 1642, the «prudentiall» men of each town were instructed «to take care of such [children] as are sett to keep cattle be set to some other employment withal, as spinning upon the rock, knitting, weaving tape, etc., and that boys and girls be not suffered to converse together so as may occasion any wanton, dishonest or immodest behavior.
- 1902, Day Otis Kellogg, Thomas Spencer Baynes, William Robertson Smith, The Encyclopaedia Britannica, page 664:
  
  A prepared end of yarn being fixed into the notch, the spinster, by a smart rolling motion of the spindle with the right hand against the right leg, threw it out from her, spinning in the air, while, with the left hand, she drew from the rock an additional supply of fibre which was formed into a uniform and equal strand with the right.
- 1920, John Horner, The Linen Trade of Europe During the Spinning-wheel Period, page 32:
  
  It is true that in Ireland, even in recent years, the flax, before being placed on the rock or distaff, was tangled into a mass, or, as Cormmelin expresses it, “drawn out in a flat cake.”
(uncountable) The flax or wool on a distaff.

Translations[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Noun[edit]

rock (plural rocks)

Archaic form of roc (mythical bird)

Anagrams[edit]

Cork, Kroc, cork

Catalan[edit]