From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen,[1] a title which is also given to the consort of a king, although in some cases, the title of King is given to females such as in the case of Mary, Queen of Hungary.
- In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (c.f. Indic rājan, Gothic reiks, and Old Irish rí, etc.).
- In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as rex and in Greek as archon or basileus.
- In classical European feudalism, the title of king as the ruler of a kingdom is understood to be the highest rank in the feudal order, potentially subject, at least nominally, only to an emperor (harking back to the client kings of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire).[2]
- In a modern context, the title may refer to the ruler of one of a number of modern monarchies (either absolute or constitutional). The title of king is used alongside other titles for monarchs: in the West, emperor, grand prince, prince, archduke, duke or grand duke, and in the Islamic world, malik, sultan, emir or hakim, etc.[3]
- The city-states of the Aztec Empire had a Tlatoani, which were kings of pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica. The Huey Tlatoani was the emperor of the Aztecs.[4]
The term king may also refer to a king consort, a title that is sometimes given to the husband of a ruling queen, but the title of prince consort is more common.
Etymology
The English term king is derived from the Anglo-Saxon cyning, which in turn is derived from the Common Germanic *kuningaz. The Common Germanic term was borrowed into Estonian and Finnish at an early time, surviving in these languages as kuningas. It is a derivation from the term *kunjom «kin» (Old English cynn) by the -inga- suffix. The literal meaning is that of a «scion of the [noble] kin», or perhaps «son or descendant of one of noble birth» (OED).
The English term translates, and is considered equivalent to, Latin rēx and its equivalents in the various European languages. The Germanic term is notably different from the word for «King» in other Indo-European languages (*rēks «ruler»; Latin rēx, Sanskrit rājan and Irish ríg; however, see Gothic reiks and, e.g., modern German Reich and modern Dutch rijk).
History
The English word is of Germanic origin, and historically refers to Germanic kingship, in the pre-Christian period a type of tribal kingship. The monarchies of Europe in the Christian Middle Ages derived their claim from Christianisation and the divine right of kings, partly influenced by the notion of sacral kingship inherited from Germanic antiquity.
The Early Middle Ages begin with a fragmentation of the former Western Roman Empire into barbarian kingdoms. In Western Europe, the kingdom of the Franks developed into the Carolingian Empire by the 8th century, and the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England were unified into the kingdom of England by the 10th century.
With the breakup of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, the system of feudalism places kings at the head of a pyramid of relationships between liege lords and vassals, dependent on the regional rule of barons, and the intermediate positions of counts (or earls) and dukes. The core of European feudal manorialism in the High Middle Ages were the territories of the former Carolingian Empire, i.e. the kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire (centered on the nominal kingdoms of Germany and Italy).[5]
In the course of the European Middle Ages, the European kingdoms underwent a general trend of centralisation of power, so that by the Late Middle Ages there were a number of large and powerful kingdoms in Europe, which would develop into the great powers of Europe in the Early Modern period.
- In the Iberian Peninsula, the remnants of the Visigothic Kingdom, the petty kingdoms of Asturias and Pamplona, expanded into the kingdom of Portugal, the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon with the ongoing Reconquista.
- In southern Europe, the kingdom of Sicily was established following the Norman conquest of southern Italy. The Kingdom of Sardinia was claimed as a separate title held by the Crown of Aragon in 1324. In the Balkans, the Kingdom of Serbia was established in 1217.
- In central Europe, the Kingdom of Hungary was established in AD 1000 following the Christianisation of the Magyars. The kingdoms of Poland and Bohemia were established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1025 and 1198, respectively.
- In eastern Europe, the Grand Duchy of Moscow did not technically claim the status of kingdom until the early modern Tsardom of Russia.
- In northern Europe, the tribal kingdoms of the Viking Age by the 11th century expanded into the North Sea Empire under Cnut the Great, king of Denmark, England and Norway. The Christianization of Scandinavia resulted in «consolidated» kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, and by the end of the medieval period the pan-Scandinavian Kalmar Union.
Contemporary kings
Currently (as of 2022), fifteen kings are recognized as the heads of state of sovereign states (i.e. English king is used as official translation of the respective native titles held by the monarchs).
Most of these are heads of state of constitutional monarchies; kings ruling over absolute monarchies are the King of Saudi Arabia, the King of Bahrain and the King of Eswatini.[6]
Monarch | House | Title | Kingdom | Reign begin | Age | Monarchy est. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harald V, King of Norway | Glücksburg | konge | Kingdom of Norway | January 17, 1991 | 86 | 11th c. |
Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden | Bernadotte | konung | Kingdom of Sweden | September 15, 1973 | 76 | 12th c. |
Felipe VI, King of Spain | Bourbon | rey | Kingdom of Spain | June 19, 2014 | 55 | 1978 / 1479 |
Willem-Alexander, King of the Netherlands | Orange-Nassau | koning | Kingdom of the Netherlands | April 30, 2013 | 55 | 1815 |
Philippe , King of the Belgians | Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | koning / roi / König | Kingdom of Belgium | July 21, 2013 | 62 | 1830 |
Salman, King of Saudi Arabia | Saud | ملك malik | Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | January 23, 2015 | 87 | 1932 |
Abdullah II, King of Jordan | Hashim | ملك malik | Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | February 7, 1999 | 61 | 1946 |
Mohammed VI, King of Morocco | Alaoui | ملك malik | Kingdom of Morocco | July 23, 1999 | 59 | 1956 |
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain | Khalifa | ملك malik | Kingdom of Bahrain | February 14, 2002 | 73 | 1971 |
Vajiralongkorn, King of Thailand | Chakri | กษัตริย์ kasat | Kingdom of Thailand | October 13, 2016 | 70 | 1782 |
Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan | Wangchuck | འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་ druk gyalpo | Kingdom of Bhutan | December 9, 2006 | 43 | 1907 |
Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia | Norodom | ស្ដេច sdac | Kingdom of Cambodia | October 14, 2004 | 69 | 1993 / 1953 |
Tupou VI, King of Tonga | Tupou | king / tu’i | Kingdom of Tonga | March 18, 2012 | 63 | 1970 |
Letsie III, King of Lesotho | Moshesh | king / morena | Kingdom of Lesotho | February 7, 1996 | 59 | 1966 |
Mswati III, King of Eswatini | Dlamini | ngwenyama | Kingdom of Eswatini | April 25, 1986 | 54 | 1968 |
Charles III, King of the United Kingdom | Windsor | King | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Commonwealth realms | September 8, 2022 | 74 | 927 / 843 |
See also
- Anointing
- Big man (anthropology)
- Buddhist kingship
- Client king
- Coronation
- Designation
- Divine right of kings
- Germanic kingship
- Great King
- High King
- King consort
- King of Kings
- Petty king
- Queen
- Realm
- Royal and noble ranks
- Royal family
- Sacred king
- Tribal kingship
- Titles translated as «king»
- Archon
- Basileus
- Lugal
- Kabaka
- Mepe (title)
- Malik/Melekh
- Mwami
- Negus
- Oba
- Raja
- Rex (king)
- Rí
- Tlatoani
- Shah
- Tagavor
Notes
- ^ There have been rare exceptions, most notably Jadwiga of Poland and Mary, Queen of Hungary, who were crowned as King of Poland and King of Hungary respectively during the 1380s.
- ^ The notion of a king being below an emperor in the feudal order, just as a duke is the rank below a king, is more theoretical than historical. The only kingdom title held within the Holy Roman Empire was the Kingdom of Bohemia, with the Kingdoms of Germany, Italy and Burgundy/Arles being nominal realms. The titles of King of the Germans and King of the Romans were non-landed titles held by the Emperor-elect (sometimes during the lifetime of the previous Emperor, sometimes not), although there were anti-Kings at various points; Arles and Italy were either held directly by the Emperor or not at all.
The Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Empires technically contained various kingdoms (Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Illyria, Lombardy–Venetia and Galicia and Lodomeria, as well as the Kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia which were themselves subordinate titles to the Hungarian Kingdom and which were merged as Croatia-Slavonia in 1868), but the emperor and the respective kings were the same person. The Russian Empire did not include any kingdoms. The short-lived First French Empire (1804–1814/5) included a number of client kingdoms under Napoleon I, such as the Kingdom of Italy, the Kingdom of Westphalia, the Kingdom of Etruria, the Kingdom of Württemberg, the Kingdom of Bavaria, the Kingdom of Saxony and the Kingdom of Holland. The German Empire (1871-1918) included the Kingdoms of Prussia, Bavaria, Württemberg and Saxony, with the Prussian king also holding the Imperial title.
- ^ Pine, L.G. (1992). Titles: How the King became His Majesty. New York: Barnes & Noble. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-56619-085-5.
- ^ History Crunch Writers. «Aztec Emperors (Huey Tlatoani)». History Crunch — History Articles, Summaries, Biographies, Resources and More. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
- ^
see e.g. M. Mitterauer, Why Europe?: The Medieval Origins of Its Special Path, University of Chicago Press (2010),
p. 28. - ^ The distinction of the title of «king» from «sultan» or «emir» in oriental monarchies is largely stylistics; the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Qatar, the State of Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates are also categorised as absolute monarchies.
References
- Cannadine, David; Price, Simon, eds. (1987). Rituals of Royalty: Power and Ceremonial in Traditional Societies. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-33513-2. LCCN 86-29881.
- Craughwell, Thomas J. (2009). 5,000 Years of Royalty: Kings, Queens, Princes, Emperors & Tsars. Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60376-189-5.
- Hani, Jean (2011). Sacred Royalty: From the Pharaoh to the Most Christian King. The Matheson Trust. ISBN 978-1-908092-05-2.
External links
Look up cyning in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
- Media related to Kings at Wikimedia Commons
Wikiquote has quotations related to King.
- Phillip, Walter Alison (1911). «King» . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 805–806.
English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- kyng, kynge (archaic)
- kinge (obsolete)
Pronunciation[edit]
- enPR: kĭng, IPA(key): /kɪŋ/
- (US, pre-/ŋ/ tensing), IPA(key): /kiŋ/
- Rhymes: -ɪŋ
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English king, kyng, from Old English cyng, cyning (“king”), from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz, *kunungaz (“king”), equivalent to kin + -ing. Doublet of cyning.
Cognate with Scots keeng (“king”), North Frisian köning (“king”), West Frisian kening (“king”), Dutch koning (“king”), Low German Koning, Köning (“king”), German König (“king”), Danish konge (“king”), Norwegian konge, Swedish konung, kung (“king”), Icelandic konungur, kóngur (“king”), Polish ksiądz (“priest”), Russian князь (knjazʹ, “prince”), Old Church Slavonic кънѧѕь (kŭnędzĭ), Romanian chinez, Finnish kuningas (“king”), Estonian kuningas, Ingrian kunigas, Karelian kuninkas, Livvi kuńingas, Ludian kuńingas, Veps kuningaz, Võro kuning and Votic kunikaz. Eclipsed non-native Middle English roy (“king”) (Early Modern English roy), borrowed from Old French roi, rei, rai (“king”).
Noun[edit]
king (plural kings)
- A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy. If it is an absolute monarchy, then he is the supreme ruler of his nation.
-
Henry VIII was the king of England from 1509 to 1547.
-
- A powerful or majorly influential person.
-
Howard Stern styled himself as the «king of all media».
-
1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter I, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
-
«I wish we were back in Tenth Street. But so many children came […] and the Tenth Street house wasn’t half big enough; and a dreadful speculative builder built this house and persuaded Austin to buy it. Oh, dear, and here we are among the rich and great; and the steel kings and copper kings and oil kings and their heirs and dauphins. […]«
-
-
2014 June 21, “Magician’s brain”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8892:
-
The truth is that [Isaac] Newton was very much a product of his time. The colossus of science was not the first king of reason, Keynes wrote after reading Newton’s unpublished manuscripts. Instead “he was the last of the magicians”.
-
-
- (countable or uncountable) Something that has a preeminent position.
-
In times of financial panic, cash is king.
-
- A component of certain games.
- (chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.
- (card games) A playing card with the letter «K» and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.
- A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that reached the farthest row forward, thus becoming crowned (either by turning it upside-down, or by stacking another checker on it) and gaining more freedom of movement.
- The central pin or skittle in bowling games.
- 1878, John Henry Walsh, British Rural Sports (page 712)
- In knockemdowns and bowls ten pins are used, the centre one being called the king, and the ball has to be grounded before it reaches the frame.
- 1878, John Henry Walsh, British Rural Sports (page 712)
- (UK, slang) A king skin.
-
Oi mate, have you got kings?
-
- A male dragonfly; a drake.
- A king-sized bed.
- 2002, Scott W. Donkin, Gerard Meyer, Peak Performance: Body and Mind (page 119)
- Try asking for a king-size bed next time because kings are usually firmer.
- 2002, Scott W. Donkin, Gerard Meyer, Peak Performance: Body and Mind (page 119)
- The monarch with the most power and authority in a monarchy, regardless of sex.
-
1891 January 3, ““King” Wilhelmina”, in The Chicago Daily Tribune, volume LI, number III, Chicago, Ill., page 5, column 7:
-
The British Parliament has had made it for it in the past the claim that it could do anything excepting convert a woman into a man. […] And the high court [of Amsterdam] has done it by deciding that all officials and public servants shall take their oath of allegiance not to Queen Wilhelmina but to King Wilhelmina.
-
-
2009, Charlotte Booth, “Hatshepsut”, in The Curse of the Mummy and Other Mysteries of Ancient Egypt, Oneworld Publications, →ISBN, page 93:
-
Hatshepsut was ruling as a king, not queen and she needed to be recognised as such.
-
-
2011, Nwando Achebe, “Mgbapu Ahebi: Exile in Igalaland, ca. 1895–1916”, in The Female King of Colonial Nigeria: Ahebi Ugbabe, Bloomington, Ind.; Indianapolis, Ind.: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, pages 63–64:
-
The act of perforating one’s ears could be read as a gendering performance—a modification from an overt masculinity (king) to a tempered female masculinity (king with female traits)—in which the male king was expected to adopt the quintessence of Omeppa’s female king wife, Ebulejonu, and by so doing, embody the true essence of womanhood. […] Attah-Ebulejonu, like Hatshepsut of Egypt before her, ruled as (and was remembered as) a king, not queen, perhaps setting the precedent for the coronation of another female king, Ahebi Ugbabe, about four centuries later. […] This time, the female king would not rule in the Igala kingdom nor would she be of Igala origin. Instead, the king would be an Igbo woman who had lived in Igalaland for many years, who had come of age and matured there and in the process had imbibed the cultural values and mores of the people with whom she had lived in exile.
-
-
- (graph theory) A vertex in a directed graph which can reach every other vertex via a path with a length of at most 2.
Synonyms[edit]
- Rex (the reigning king, formal), roy (obsolete, formal)
Coordinate terms[edit]
- (monarch): caesar, emperor, empress, kaiser, maharajah, prince, princess, queen, regent, royalty, shah, tsar, viceroy
- (playing card): ace, jack, joker, queen
Derived terms[edit]
- a cat can look at a king
- a cat may look at a king
- bean king
- blue king crab
- brown king crab
- California king
- Charlton Kings
- chicken à la King
- chicken à la king
- Chilean king crab
- complain king
- drag king
- dragonking
- drama king
- erl-king
- every king needs a queen
- fit for a king
- foreking
- god king
- God Save the King
- god-king
- golden king crab
- Good King Henry
- good-king-henry
- high king
- high-king
- Homecoming King
- in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
- kettle king
- King and Queen County
- King and Queen Court House
- King Arthur
- King Billy
- king brown
- king cab
- king cake
- king card
- King Charles Land
- King Charles spaniel
- King Charles’s head
- king cheetah
- king cobra
- King Cotton
- King Country
- king crab
- king cricket
- king crow
- King David’s harp
- King Edward
- king eider
- King George
- King George County
- King George whiting
- king hit
- King James Bible
- King James Version
- King Kong
- King Mob
- king of all one surveys
- king of arms
- king of beasts
- king of birds
- king of clubs
- king of diamonds
- king of hearts
- king of herrings
- king of insects
- king of kings
- King of Kings
- king of metals
- king of six
- king of spades
- king of spices
- king of the castle
- king of the doos
- king of the forest
- king of the hill
- king of the mountains
- king oyster mushroom
- king pair
- king parrot
- king penguin
- king post
- king prawn
- king rail
- King Salmon
- king shit of fuck mountain
- King Shit of Turd Island
- king size
- king skin
- king snake
- king tide
- king trumpet mushroom
- king vulture
- King William
- King William County
- king-at-arms
- king-count
- king-hell
- king-hit
- king-of-arms
- king-size
- king-sized
- kingdom
- kinghood
- Kingian
- kinglet
- King’s Cliffe
- King’s Counsel
- Kings County
- King’s Cross
- King’s Dyke
- King’s English
- king’s evil
- Kings Heath
- king’s knight’s pawn
- Kings Langley
- King’s Lynn
- Kings Norton, King’s Norton
- King’s Nympton
- King’s Park
- king’s pawn
- king’s ransom
- king’s rook’s pawn
- King’s shilling
- King’s Sutton, Kings Sutton
- Kings Worthy
- Kingsbury
- kingship
- kingside
- kingslayer
- Kingston
- Kingstown
- Kingstree
- live like a king
- make-king
- New Zealand king shag
- palm king
- pearly king
- philosopher king
- priest-king
- prom king
- pumpking
- rat king
- red king crab
- rice king
- sea king
- shepherd king
- snail king
- sofa king
- southern king crab
- suicide king
- Tchang-king
- who died and made you king
- woman king
Descendants[edit]
- Tok Pisin: king
- ⇒ American Sign Language: K@Shoulder K@Abdomen
- → Burmese: ကင် (kang)
- → Isubu: kinge
- → Japanese: キング (kingu)
- → Korean: 킹 (king)
- → Maori: kingi
- → Marshallese: kiin̄
- → Thai: คิง (king)
Translations[edit]
See also[edit]
- ♔, ♚
Chess pieces in English · chess pieces, chessmen (see also: chess) (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
king | queen | rook, castle | bishop | knight | pawn |
Playing cards in English · playing cards (layout · text) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ace | deuce, two | three | four | five | six | seven |
eight | nine | ten | jack, knave | queen | king | joker |
Suits in English · suits (see also: cards, playing cards) (layout · text) | |||
---|---|---|---|
hearts | diamonds | spades | clubs |
Verb[edit]
king (third-person singular simple present kings, present participle kinging, simple past and past participle kinged)
- To crown king, to make (a person) king.
- 1982, South Atlantic Modern Language Association, South Atlantic Review, Volume 47, page 16,
- The kinging of Macbeth is the business of the first part of the play […] .
- 2008, William Shakespeare, A. R. Braunmuller (editor), Macbeth, Introduction, page 24,
- One narrative is the kinging and unkinging of Macbeth; the other narrative is the attack on Banquo’s line and that line’s eventual accession and supposed Jacobean survival through Malcolm’s successful counter-attack on Macbeth.
- 1982, South Atlantic Modern Language Association, South Atlantic Review, Volume 47, page 16,
- To rule over as king.
-
1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:
-
And let us do it with no show of fear; / No, with no more than if we heard that England / Were busied with a Whitsun morris-dance; / For, my good liege, she is so idly king’d, / Her sceptre so fantastically borne / By a vain, giddy, shallow, humorous youth, / That fear attends her not.
-
-
- To perform the duties of a king.
- 1918, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, The Railroad Trainman, Volume 35, page 675,
- He had to do all his kinging after supper, which left him no time for roystering with the nobility and certain others.
- 2001, Chip R. Bell, Managers as Mentors: Building Partnerships for Learning, page 6,
- Second, Mentor (the old man) combined the wisdom of experience with the sensitivity of a fawn in his attempts to convey kinging skills to young Telemachus.
- 1918, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, The Railroad Trainman, Volume 35, page 675,
- To assume or pretend preeminence (over); to lord it over.
- 1917, Edna Ferber, Fanny Herself, page 32,
- The seating arrangement of the temple was the Almanach de Gotha of Congregation Emanu-el. Old Ben Reitman, patriarch among the Jewish settlers of Winnebago, who had come over an immigrant youth, and who now owned hundreds of rich farm acres, besides houses, mills and banks, kinged it from the front seat of the center section.
- 1917, Edna Ferber, Fanny Herself, page 32,
- To promote a piece of draughts/checkers that has traversed the board to the opposite side, that piece subsequently being permitted to move backwards as well as forwards.
- 1957, Bertram Vivian Bowden (editor), Faster Than Thought: A Symposium on Digital Computing Machines, page 302,
- If the machine does this, it will lose only one point, and as it is not looking far enough ahead, it cannot see that it has not prevented its opponent from kinging but only postponed the evil day.
- 1986, Rick DeMarinis, The Burning Women of Far Cry, page 100,
- I was about to make a move that would corner a piece that she was trying to get kinged, but I slid my checker back […] .
- 1957, Bertram Vivian Bowden (editor), Faster Than Thought: A Symposium on Digital Computing Machines, page 302,
- To dress and perform as a drag king.
- 2008, Audrey Yue, King Victoria: Asian Drag Kings, Postcolonial Female Masculinity, and Hybrid Sexuality in Australia, in Fran Martin, Peter Jackson, Audrey Yue, Mark McLelland (editors), AsiaPacifQueer: Rethinking Genders and Sexualities, page 266,
- Through the ex-centric diaspora, kinging in postcolonial Australia has become a site of critical hybridity where diasporic female masculinities have emerged through the contestations of «home» and «host» cultures.
- 2008, Audrey Yue, King Victoria: Asian Drag Kings, Postcolonial Female Masculinity, and Hybrid Sexuality in Australia, in Fran Martin, Peter Jackson, Audrey Yue, Mark McLelland (editors), AsiaPacifQueer: Rethinking Genders and Sexualities, page 266,
Translations[edit]
in checkers
- Catalan: coronar (ca)
- Galician: coroar (gl)
- Hungarian: király (hu) sg
- Italian: fare dama
- Romanian: încorona (ro)
- Spanish: coronar (es)
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
king (plural kings)
- Alternative form of qing (Chinese musical instrument)
Anagrams[edit]
- gink
Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *kenkä. Cognate with Finnish kenkä.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /ˈkinɡ̊/, [ˈkiŋɡ̊]
Noun[edit]
king (genitive kinga, partitive kinga)
- shoe
Declension[edit]
Declension of king (type külm)
Quotations[edit]
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them! |
Kapampangan[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- keng
- qng, queng, quing (Spanish variant)
Preposition[edit]
king
- indirect object marker; of, to, at, on, in, into, onto, among, around, for
Manx[edit]
Noun[edit]
king m
- inflection of kione:
- genitive singular
- nominative plural
Mutation[edit]
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
king | ching | ging |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Middle English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- kenin, kening, kinig (in compounds, toponymic)
- gug, kug (in compounds, influenced by Old Norse (see etymology))
- knyng (transmission error)
- chinge, chinȝ, cing, cining, cinȝ, ging, keing, keng, kingk, kingue, kining, kink, kyng, kynge
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from the Old English cyning, from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. The forms kug (attested in the compounds kugdom, kuglond, and kugriche) and gug (attested in the compound guglond) show the influence of the Old Norse konungr, whence they borrow their root vowel. The early forms featuring syncope (chinge, chinȝ, cing, and cinȝ) may have long ī.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /kinɡ/, [kiŋɡ]
Noun[edit]
king (nominative plural kinges, also the early forms kingas or kingæs)
- king (monarch)
- king (chess piece)
Derived terms[edit]
- king of kinges
- Kinges
- kinges of Coloin
- kingles
- kingly
- Kingpleie
- kingriche
Descendants[edit]
- English: king (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: keeng, king
- Yola: kinge, king
References[edit]
- “king, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from English king.
Adjective[edit]
king
- (slang) great, awesome
-
Deras sound är king asså
- Their sound is so awesome
-
Helgen var king
- The weekend was awesome
-
– Jag lyckades fixa datorn. – King!
- – I managed to fix the computer. – Awesome!
- Synonym: kunglig
-
Usage notes[edit]
Uninflected.
References[edit]
- Slangopedia
Tok Pisin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From English king.
Noun[edit]
king
- king
Yola[edit]
Noun[edit]
king
- Alternative form of kinge
-
1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5:
-
Earch myde was a queen, an earch bye was a king;
- Each maid was a queen, and each boy was a king;
-
-
References[edit]
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 96
1
a
: a male monarch of a major territorial unit
especially
: one whose position is hereditary and who rules for life
2
capitalized
: god, christ
… to worship the King, the Lord of hosts …—Zechariah 14:16 (Revised Standard Version)
3
: one that holds a preeminent position
especially
: a chief among competitors
the cattle kings rode up from the south —Alan Moorehead
even if no longer king, cotton remains the chief cash crop —Howell Walker
4
: the principal piece of each color in chess having the power to move ordinarily one square in any direction and to capture opposing pieces but being obliged never to enter or remain in check
5
: a playing card marked with a stylized figure of a king
6
: a checker that has been crowned
Synonyms
Example Sentences
He pledged his loyalty to the king and queen.
the reign of King James
He became king at a young age.
He’s widely regarded as the king of soul music.
He was voted king of the prom.
The lion is known as the king of the jungle.
She won the game by checkmating his king.
See More
Recent Examples on the Web
Charles is on his first foreign trip since becoming king.
—Nicole Fallert, USA TODAY, 30 Mar. 2023
Charles is on his inaugural foreign trip since becoming king.
—Frank Jordans, Fortune, 30 Mar. 2023
Here, Cambodian Supreme monks pour holy water on the king during a religious ceremony at the Royal Palace in Phnom Penh.
—Town & Country, 25 Mar. 2023
Macron’s office announced that a state visit by the British king was postponed.
—Chicago Tribune, 24 Mar. 2023
Now married to the prom king (and teammate Jackie’s high school boyfriend), the complex housewife is looking to reclaim her agency while keeping the team’s morbid secrets safe.
—Charlotte Walsh, Peoplemag, 22 Mar. 2023
Universal’s modern-day horror comedy, set nowhere near Castle Dracula in Transylvania, focuses more on Cage in full-on Dracula mode, whereas an earlier trailer emphasized the dynamic between the vampire king and his henchman, the titular Renfield played by Nicholas Hoult.
—Etan Vlessing, The Hollywood Reporter, 22 Mar. 2023
Don’t miss your chance to bow before the original death metal kings.
—Brad Sanders, Chron, 21 Mar. 2023
The queen married Francis II — the Dauphin of France who soon became king — at age 14.
—Emilie Le Beau Lucchesi, Discover Magazine, 20 Mar. 2023
See More
These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘king.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.
Word History
Etymology
Middle English, from Old English cyning; akin to Old High German kuning king, Old English cynn kin
First Known Use
before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a
Time Traveler
The first known use of king was
before the 12th century
Dictionary Entries Near king
Cite this Entry
“King.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/king. Accessed 14 Apr. 2023.
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3 Apr 2023
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Merriam-Webster unabridged
-
Defenition of the word king
- A male member of a Royal Family and supreme ruler of his nation.
- The principal playing piece in chess, which moves only one square per move (except in castling) and in all eight directions. When one’s king is in «checkmate», the game is won by the opposing player.
- A playing card with a picture of a king on its face; the 13th card in a given suit.
- a very wealthy or powerful businessman: «an oil baron»
- weakest but most important chess piece
- one of the four playing cards in a deck bearing the picture of a king
- a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom
- 1929-1968
- a competitor who holds a preeminent position
- (chess) the weakest but the most important piece
- a checker that has been moved to the opponent»s first row where it is promoted to a piece that is free to move either forward or backward
- a very wealthy or powerful businessman; «an oil baron»
- United States charismatic civil rights leader and Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of Blacks (1929-1968)
- United States guitar player and singer of the blues (born in 1925)
- United States woman tennis player (born in 1943)
- preeminence in a particular category or group or field; «the lion is the king of beasts»
- a checker that has been moved to the opponent’s first row where it is promoted to a piece that is free to move either forward or backward
- a very wealthy or powerful businessman
- preeminence in a particular category or group or field
Synonyms for the word king
-
- baron
- big businessman
- business leader
- emperor
- King
- magnate
- male monarch
- Martin Luther King
- mogul
- power
- queen
- ruler
- sovereign
- top executive
- tycoon
- world-beater
Similar words in the king
-
- king
- king’s
- kingdoms
- kingfisher
- kingfisher’s
- kingfishers
- kinglier
- kingliest
- kingly
- kingpin
- kingpin’s
- kingpins
- kingship
- kingship’s
- kingston
- kingston’s
- kingstown
- kingstown’s
Meronymys for the word king
-
- royal family
- royal house
- royal line
- royalty
Hyponyms for the word king
-
- AElfred
- Ahab
- Akhenaten
- Akhenaton
- Alaric
- Alfred
- Alfred the Great
- Amenhotep IV
- Artaxerxes
- Artaxerxes I
- Artaxerxes II
- Ashurbanipal
- Assurbanipal
- Asurbanipal
- Athelstan
- Attila
- Bruce
- Carl XVI Gustaf
- Carl XVI Gustav
- Clovis
- Clovis I
- Croesus
- Cyrus II
- Cyrus the Elder
- Cyrus the Great
- Darius I
- Darius III
- Darius the Great
- David
- Edmund I
- Edmund II
- Edmund Ironside
- Edward the Elder
- Edwin
- Egbert
- Ethelbert
- Ethelred
- Ethelred I
- Ethelred II
- Ethelred the Unready
- Ezekias
- Fahd
- Fahd ibn Abdel Aziz al-Saud
- Faisal
- Faisal ibn Abdel Aziz al-Saud
- Farouk I
- Faruk I
- Ferdinand I
- Ferdinand the Catholic
- Ferdinand the Great
- Ferdinand V
- Frederick I
- Frederick II
- Frederick the Great
- Frederick William I
- Frederick William II
- Frederick William III
- Frederick William IV
- Gaiseric
- Genseric
- Gilgamesh
- Gordius
- Gustavus
- Gustavus Adolphus
- Gustavus I
- Gustavus II
- Gustavus V
- Hammurabi
- Hammurapi
- Herod
- Herod the Great
- Hezekiah
- Husain
- Husayn
- Hussein
- ibn Talal Hussein
- Ikhanaton
- James IV
- Jeroboam
- Jeroboam I
- Juan Carlos
- Juan Carlos Victor Maria de Borbon y Borbon
- Kamehameha I
- Kamehameha the Great
- King Hussein
- King of England
- King of France
- King of Great Britain
- king of the germans
- Leonidas
- Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
- Macbeth
- Messiah
- Mithridates
- Mithridates the Great
- Mithridates VI
- Nebuchadnezzar
- Nebuchadnezzar II
- Nebuchadrezzar
- Nebuchadrezzar II
- oil tycoon
- Olaf II
- Olav II
- Otho I
- Otto I
- Otto the Great
- Philip Augustus
- Philip II
- Philip II of Macedon
- Philip II of Spain
- Philip of Valois
- Philip V
- Philip VI
- Ptolemy I
- Ptolemy II
- Pyrrhus
- Rameses
- Ramesses
- Ramses
- Robert I
- Robert the Bruce
- Saint Olaf
- Saint Olav
- Saul
- Scourge of God
- Scourge of the Gods
- Sennacherib
- Solomon
- St. Olaf
- St. Olav
- Tarquin
- Tarquin the Proud
- Tarquinius
- Tarquinius Superbus
- Victor Emanuel II
- Victor Emanuel III
- Xerxes I
- Xerxes the Great
Hypernyms for the word king
-
- businessman
- card
- challenger
- checker
- chequer
- chess piece
- chessman
- civil rights activist
- civil rights leader
- civil rights worker
- clergyman
- competition
- competitor
- contender
- court card
- crowned head
- distinction
- eminence
- face card
- guitar player
- guitarist
- man of affairs
- man of the cloth
- monarch
- note
- picture card
- piece
- preeminence
- reverend
- rival
- singer
- sovereign
- tennis player
- vocaliser
- vocalist
- vocalizer
Antonyms for the word king
-
- female monarch
- man
- queen
- queen regnant
See other words
-
- What is hool
- The definition of hoog
- The interpretation of the word hirv
- What is meant by hing
- The lexical meaning hind
- The dictionary meaning of the word hammas
- The grammatical meaning of the word euro
- Meaning of the word enne
- Literal and figurative meaning of the word ema
- The origin of the word kino
- Synonym for the word kivi
- Antonyms for the word kool
- Homonyms for the word koor
- Hyponyms for the word kroon
- Holonyms for the word kuningas
- Hypernyms for the word laut
- Proverbs and sayings for the word leer
- Translation of the word in other languages lend
Boleslav, king of Poland, granted the style of king (1157). ❋ Unknown (2001)
_And they brought out the king‘s king‘s son and put upon him son and put upon him the crown and the crown and the bracelet, the bracelet and they made him king_, and they made him king and and Jehoiada and his sons _anointed anointed him, and they clapped him and said: their hands and said: Long live the king_. ❋ Julius Wellhausen (1881)
«Thirteen millions in my cellar,» said the king; «Colbert carrying my purse and D’Artagnan my sword — _I am king_.» ❋ Alexandre Dumas P��re (1836)
‘_Is man_,’ — it is _the king_ who generalises, it is the king who introduces this levelling suggestion here in the _abstract_, while the ❋ Delia Bacon (1835)
The king then descended the stairs, amid such acclamations of _health to the king_, as would have drowned the noise of cannon. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)
Upon her companions rallying her for being so much carried away by the splendors of royalty, she declared «that it was not the king, as a _king_, who excited her admiration, but it was ❋ Unknown (1841)
[Footnote: The king of Persia, generally called _the king_ by the ❋ 384 BC-322 BC Demosthenes (1837)
«_Death_, _the king of Terror and Conqueror of conquerors_, _to his revered friend and neighbour Lucifer_, _king of Eternal Night_, ❋ Ellis Wynne (1702)
While the book of Esther never specifically mentions the name of God in its text, the word king is found throughout, and according to Talmudic scholars, has a double meaning. ❋ John Hagee (2010)
Happening now: He was in rehearsal and planning to reaffirm his claim to the title king of pop. ❋ Unknown (2009)
Bayh faces less competition for the title king of the red state Democrats, but the Democrat who is likely to benefit most is Edwards. ❋ Unknown (2006)
From these proceedings, it was clear that Rosas ultimately would become the dictator: to the term king, the people in this, as in other republics, have a particular dislike. ❋ Unknown (2003)
He then rebuilt Babylon and made one of his sons Shamash-shum-ukin its king; he gave another son, Ashurbanipal, the title king of Assyria. ❋ Unknown (2001)
There are considerable gaps: the seat of power shifted from one district to another and at most epochs the whole island was not subject to one ruler, so that the title king of Java merely indicates a prince pre-eminent among others doubtfully subordinate to him. ❋ Charles Eliot (1896)
«It’s a matter of understanding the thousands and thousands of references to the word king in every document in every period.» ❋ Unknown (2011)
A: My girlfriend just [dumped] me.
B: [Hang in there], king. It’ll [get better]. ❋ Cheesy On My Peeny (2020)
[King] has a big dick ….. omg I know
[Awe] that guy is a real [lady pleaser]
Wow King is smart
Dad I want to be like [king] when I get older
King with that fuck a nigga ❋ King Zion (2016)
My [comrade] [greeted] me with… «[peace king]». ❋ L.U.M.P (2005)
Bitch1:Aint that the king?
Bitch2: [No you] gotta be a Malesor to become [a king].
Bitch1: Oh aint that [some shit]. ❋ Bugaloo (2006)
[fuck me] king ❋ XxFootball08xx (2016)
I just [moved to] [Chicago], and my friend invited me to [Thanksgiving dinner]. That was so totally king. ❋ Smoorecrux (2009)
[ewww] that [tre flip] was [sooo] king ❋ Trevor Beck And Jeremy Jones (2008)
[Omg] king just [tweeted] [bye] ❋ Anonymus.78 (2020)
[Kings] Rolling [Death Cradle] is [pretty damn] tight ❋ Decca (2005)
Who’s [number one]?… He’s [the King]! ❋ Yelski (2006)
the awaited king of the Jews; the promised and expected deliverer of the Jewish people
according to the Old Testament he was a pagan king of Israel and husband of Jezebel (9th century BC)
early ruler of Egypt who rejected the old gods and replaced them with sun worship (died in 1358 BC)
king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410)
king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)
king of Persia who sanctioned the practice of Judaism in Jerusalem (?-424 BC)
king of Persia who subdued numerous revolutions and made peace with Sparta (?-359 BC)
king of Assyria who built a magnificent palace and library at Nineveh (668-627 BC)
the first Saxon ruler who extended his kingdom to include nearly all of England (895-939)
king of the Huns; the most successful barbarian invader of the Roman Empire (406-453)
king of Scotland from 1306 to 1329; defeated the English army under Edward II at Bannockburn and gained recognition of Scottish independence (1274-1329)
king of Sweden since 1973 (born 1946)
king of the Franks who unified Gaul and established his capital at Paris and founded the Frankish monarchy; his name was rendered as Gallic `Louis’ (466-511)
last king of Lydia (died in 546 BC)
king of Persia and founder of the Persian Empire (circa 600-529 BC)
king of Persia who expanded the Persian Empire and invaded Greece but was defeated at the battle of Marathon (550-486 BC)
king of Persia who was defeated by Alexander the Great; his murder effectively ended the Persian Empire (died in 330 BC)
(Old Testament) the 2nd king of the Israelites; as a young shepherd he fought Goliath (a giant Philistine warrior) and killed him by hitting him in the head with a stone flung from a sling; he united Israel with Jerusalem as its capital; many of the Psalms are attributed to David (circa 1000-962 BC)
king of the English who succeeded Athelstan; he drove out the Danes and made peace with Scotland (921-946)
king of the English who led resistance to Canute but was defeated and forced to divide the kingdom with Canute (980-1016)
king of Wessex whose military success against the Danes made it possible for his son Athelstan to become the first king of all England (870-924)
king of Northumbria who was converted to Christianity (585-633)
king of Wessex whose military victories made Wessex the most powerful kingdom in England (died in 839)
Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)
king of Wessex and Kent and elder brother of Alfred; Alfred joined Ethelred’s battle against the invading Danes and succeeded him on his death (died in 871)
king of the English who succeeded to the throne after his half-brother Edward the Martyr was murdered; he struggled unsuccessfully against the invading Danes (969-1016)
king of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005 (1923-2005)
king of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975 (1906-1975)
king of Egypt who in 1952 was ousted by a military coup d’etat (1920-1965)
king of Castile and Leon who achieved control of the Moorish kings of Saragossa and Seville and Toledo (1016-1065)
the king of Castile and Aragon who ruled jointly with his wife Isabella; his marriage to Isabella I in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain and their capture of Granada from the Moors in 1492 united Spain as one country; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and supported the expedition of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1452-1516)
son of Frederick William who in 1701 became the first king of Prussia (1657-1713)
king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; brought Prussia military prestige by winning the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1712-1786)
son of Frederick I who became king of Prussia in 1713; reformed and strengthened the Prussian army (1688-1740)
king of Prussia who became involved in a costly war with France (1744-1797)
king of Prussia who became involved in the Napoleonic Wars (1770-1840)
king of Prussia who violently suppressed democratic movements (1795-1865)
king of the Vandals who seized Roman lands and invaded North Africa and sacked Rome (428-477)
a legendary Sumerian king who was the hero of an epic collection of mythic stories
legendary king of ancient Phrygia who was said to be responsible for the Gordian knot
king of Sweden who established Lutheranism as the state religion (1496-1560)
king of Sweden whose victories in battle made Sweden a European power; his domestic reforms made Sweden a modern state; in 1630 he intervened on the Protestant side of the Thirty Years’ War and was killed in the battle of Lutzen (1594-1632)
king of Sweden who increased the royal power and waged an unpopular war against Russia (1746-1792)
king of Sweden whose losses to Napoleon I led to his being deposed in 1809 (1778-1837)
king of Sweden who kept Sweden neutral during both World War I and II (1858-1950)
the last king of Sweden to have any real political power (1882-1973)
Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia (died 1750 BC)
king of Judea who (according to the New Testament) tried to kill Jesus by ordering the death of all children under age two in Bethlehem (73-4 BC)
(Old Testament) king of Judah who abolished idolatry (715-687 BC)
king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)
a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)
(Old Testament) first king of the northern kingdom of Israel who led Israel into sin (10th century BC)
king of Spain since 1975 (born in 1938)
Hawaiian king who united the islands under his rule (1758-1819)
king of Sparta and hero of the battle of Thermopylae where he was killed by the Persians (died in 480 BC)
king of Scotland (died in 1057)
ancient king of Pontus who expanded his kingdom by defeating the Romans but was later driven out by Pompey (132-63 BC)
(Old Testament) king of Chaldea who captured and destroyed Jerusalem and exiled the Israelites to Babylonia (630?-562 BC)
King and patron saint of Norway (995-1030)
king of the Franks and father of Charlemagne who defended papal interests and founded the Carolingian dynasty in 751 (714-768)
king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598)
king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)
son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)
king of ancient Macedonia whose confrontations with the Romans led to his defeat and his loss of control over Greece
king of France who founded the Valois dynasty; his dispute with Edward III over his succession led to the Hundred Years’ War (1293-1350)
the king of Egypt who founded the Macedonian dynasty in Egypt; a close friend and general of Alexander the Great who took charge of Egypt after Alexander died (circa 367-285 BC)
son of Ptolemy I and king of Egypt who was said to be responsible for the Septuagint (circa 309-247 BC)
king of Epirus; defeated the Romans in two battles in spite of staggering losses (319-272 BC)
any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC
(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)
king of Assyria who invaded Judea twice and defeated Babylon and rebuilt Nineveh after it had been destroyed by Babylonians (died in 681 BC)
(Old Testament) son of David and king of Israel noted for his wisdom (10th century BC)
according to legend, the seventh and last Etruscan king of Rome who was expelled for his cruelty (reigned from 534 to 510 BC)
king of Italy who completed the unification of Italy by acquiring Venice and Rome (1820-1878)
king of Italy who appointed Mussolini prime minister; he abdicated in 1946 and the monarchy was abolished (1869-1947)
king of Persia who led a vast army against Greece and won the battle of Thermopylae but was eventually defeated (519-465 BC)
king of Denmark and Norway who forced Edmund II to divide England with him; on the death of Edmund II, Canute became king of all England (994-1035)
King of France elected in 987 and founding the Capetian dynasty (940-996)
son of James I who was King of England and Scotland and Ireland; was deposed and executed by Oliver Cromwell (1600-1649)
King of England and Scotland and Ireland during the Restoration (1630-1685)
as Charles II he was Holy Roman Emperor and as Charles I he was king of France (823-877)
King of France who began his reign with most of northern France under English control; after the intervention of Jeanne d’Arc the French were able to defeat the English and end the Hundred Years’ War (1403-1461)
King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)
the younger brother of Edwy who became king of Northumbria when it renounced Edwy; on Edwy’s death he succeeded to the throne of England (944-975)
King of England from 1272 to 1307; conquered Wales (1239-1307)
King of England from 1307 to 1327 and son of Edward I; was defeated at Bannockburn by the Scots led by Robert the Bruce; was deposed and died in prison (1284-1327)
son of Edward II and King of England from 1327-1377; his claim to the French throne provoked the Hundred Years’ War; his reign was marked by an epidemic of the Black Plague and by the emergence of the House of Commons as the powerful arm of British Parliament (1312-1377)
King of England from 1461 to 1470 and from 1471 to 1483; was dethroned in 1470 but regained the throne in 1471 by his victory at the battle of Tewkesbury (1442-1483)
King of England who was crowned at the age of 13 on the death of his father Edward IV but was immediately confined to the Tower of London where he and his younger brother were murdered (1470-1483)
King of England and Ireland from 1547 to 1553; son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour; died of tuberculosis (1537-1553)
King of England from 1901 to 1910; son of Victoria and Prince Albert; famous for his elegant sporting ways (1841-1910)
King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)
son of Ethelred the Unready; King of England from 1042 to 1066; he founded Westminster Abbey where he was eventually buried (1003-1066)
King of England who was a son of Edgar; he was challenged for the throne by supporters of his half-brother Ethelred II who eventually murdered him (963-978)
King of England who was renounced by Northumbria in favor of his brother Edgar (died in 959)
Elector of Hanover and the first Hanoverian King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727 (1660-1727)
King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover from 1727 to 1760 (1683-1760)
King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1820; the American colonies were lost during his reign; he became insane in 1811 and his son (later George IV) acted as regent until 1820 (1738-1820)
King of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 1820 to 1830; his attempt to divorce his estranged wife undermined the prestige of the Crown (1762-1830)
King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1910 to 1936; gave up his German title in 1917 during World War I (1865-1936)
King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1936 to 1947; he succeeded Edward VIII (1895-1952)
illegitimate son of Canute who seized the throne of England in 1037 (died in 1040)
King of England who succeeded Edward the Confessor in 1066 and was the last of the Anglo-Saxon monarchs; he was killed fighting the invasion by William the Conqueror (1045-1066)
King of England from 1100 to 1135; youngest son of William the Conqueror; conquered Normandy in 1106 (1068-1135)
first Plantagenet King of England; instituted judicial and financial reforms; quarreled with archbishop Becket concerning the authority of the Crown over the church (1133-1189)
king of France from 1547 to 1559; regained Calais from the English; husband of Catherine de Medicis and father of Charles IX (1519-1559)
son of King John and king of England from 1216 to 1272; his incompetence aroused baronial opposition led by Simon de Montfort (1207-1272)
son of Henry II of France and the last Valois to be king of France (1551-1589)
the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)
King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1050-1106)
king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France;
son of Henry IV and King of England from 1413 to 1422; reopened the Hundred Years’ War and defeated the French at Agincourt (1387-1422)
son of Henry V who as an infant succeeded his father and was King of England from 1422 to 1461; he was taken prisoner in 1460 and Edward IV was proclaimed king; he was rescued and regained the throne in 1470 but was recaptured and murdered in the Tower of London (1421-1471)
first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509; head of the house of Lancaster in the War of the Roses; defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field and was proclaimed king; married the daughter of Edward IV and so united the houses of York and Lancaster (1457-1509)
King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1275-1313)
son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and his excommunication 1538, leading to the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547)
the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)
the last Stuart to be king of England and Ireland and Scotland; overthrown in 1688 (1633-1701)
youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)
third son of Charlemagne and king of France and Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (778-840)
king of France and Germany (846-879)
son of Louis II and king of the France and Germany (863-882)
king of France (921-954)
the last Carolingian king of France (967-987)
king of France whose military victories consolidated his reign (1081-1137)
king of France who led the unsuccessful Second Crusade and fought frequent wars with Henry II of England (1120-1180)
king of France who increased the power of the Crown over the feudal lords (1187-1226)
king of France and son of Louis VIII; he led two unsuccessful Crusades; considered an ideal medieval king (1214-1270)
king of France (1289-1316)
king of France who put down an alliance of unruly nobles and unified France except for Brittany (1423-1483)
king of France who was popular with his subjects (1462-1515)
king of France from 1610 to 1643 who relied heavily on the advice of Cardinal Richelieu (1601-1643)
king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715)
grandson of Louis XIV and king of France from 1715 to 1774 who led France into the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1710-1774)
king of France from 1774 to 1792; his failure to grant reforms led to the French Revolution; he and his queen (Marie Antoinette) were guillotined (1754-1793)
King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (912-973)
son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)
King of England from 1377 to 1399; he suppressed the Peasant’s Revolt in 1381 but his reign was marked by popular discontent and baronial opposition in British Parliament and he was forced to abdicate in 1399 (1367-1400)
King of England from 1483 to 1485; seized the throne from his nephew Edward V who was confined to the Tower of London and murdered; his reign ended when he was defeated by Henry Tudor (later Henry VII) at the battle of Bosworth Field (1452-1485)
duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England; he defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087)
the second son of William the Conqueror who succeeded him as King of England (1056-1100)
King of England and Scotland and Ireland; he married the daughter of James II and was invited by opponents of James II to invade England; when James fled, William III and Mary II were declared joint monarchs (1650-1702)
King of England and Ireland; son of George III who ascended the throne after a long naval career (1765-1837)
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If you look at the British royal family and take away the scandals and the goofy stuff that’s going on, people love to have this king to look up to — the royals are like celebrities.
Kevin J. Anderson
ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD KING
Old English cyning; related to Old High German kunig king, Danish konge.
Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
PRONUNCIATION OF KING
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF KING
King is a verb and can also act as a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.
The verb is the part of the sentence that is conjugated and expresses action and state of being.
See the conjugation of the verb king in English.
WHAT DOES KING MEAN IN ENGLISH?
Monarch
A monarch is the sovereign head of a state, officially outranking all other individuals in the realm. A monarch may exercise the most and highest authority in the state or others may wield that power on behalf of the monarch. Typically a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state’s sovereign rights or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation’s monarch. Alternatively, an individual may become monarch by conquest, acclamation or a combination of means. A monarch usually reigns for life or until abdication. Monarchs’ actual powers vary from one monarchy to another and in different eras; on one extreme, they may be autocrats wielding genuine sovereignty; on the other they may be ceremonial heads of state who exercise little or no power or only reserve powers, with actual authority vested in a parliament or other body.
Definition of king in the English dictionary
The first definition of king in the dictionary is a male sovereign prince who is the official ruler of an independent state; monarch related adjectives royal regal monarchical. Other definition of king is a ruler or chief. King is also a person, animal, or thing considered as the best or most important of its kind.
CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO KING
PRESENT
Present
I king
you king
he/she/it kings
we king
you king
they king
Present continuous
I am kinging
you are kinging
he/she/it is kinging
we are kinging
you are kinging
they are kinging
Present perfect
I have kinged
you have kinged
he/she/it has kinged
we have kinged
you have kinged
they have kinged
Present perfect continuous
I have been kinging
you have been kinging
he/she/it has been kinging
we have been kinging
you have been kinging
they have been kinging
Present tense is used to refer to circumstances that exist at the present time or over a period that includes the present time. The present perfect refers to past events, although it can be considered to denote primarily the resulting present situation rather than the events themselves.
PAST
Past
I kinged
you kinged
he/she/it kinged
we kinged
you kinged
they kinged
Past continuous
I was kinging
you were kinging
he/she/it was kinging
we were kinging
you were kinging
they were kinging
Past perfect
I had kinged
you had kinged
he/she/it had kinged
we had kinged
you had kinged
they had kinged
Past perfect continuous
I had been kinging
you had been kinging
he/she/it had been kinging
we had been kinging
you had been kinging
they had been kinging
Past tense forms express circumstances existing at some time in the past,
FUTURE
Future
I will king
you will king
he/she/it will king
we will king
you will king
they will king
Future continuous
I will be kinging
you will be kinging
he/she/it will be kinging
we will be kinging
you will be kinging
they will be kinging
Future perfect
I will have kinged
you will have kinged
he/she/it will have kinged
we will have kinged
you will have kinged
they will have kinged
Future perfect continuous
I will have been kinging
you will have been kinging
he/she/it will have been kinging
we will have been kinging
you will have been kinging
they will have been kinging
The future is used to express circumstances that will occur at a later time.
CONDITIONAL
Conditional
I would king
you would king
he/she/it would king
we would king
you would king
they would king
Conditional continuous
I would be kinging
you would be kinging
he/she/it would be kinging
we would be kinging
you would be kinging
they would be kinging
Conditional perfect
I would have king
you would have king
he/she/it would have king
we would have king
you would have king
they would have king
Conditional perfect continuous
I would have been kinging
you would have been kinging
he/she/it would have been kinging
we would have been kinging
you would have been kinging
they would have been kinging
Conditional or «future-in-the-past» tense refers to hypothetical or possible actions.
IMPERATIVE
Imperative
you king
we let´s king
you king
The imperative is used to form commands or requests.
NONFINITE VERB FORMS
Present Participle
kinging
Infinitive shows the action beyond temporal perspective. The present participle or gerund shows the action during the session. The past participle shows the action after completion.
Synonyms and antonyms of king in the English dictionary of synonyms
SYNONYMS OF «KING»
The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «king» and belong to the same grammatical category.
Translation of «king» into 25 languages
TRANSLATION OF KING
Find out the translation of king to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of king from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «king» in English.
Translator English — Chinese
国王
1,325 millions of speakers
Translator English — Spanish
rey
570 millions of speakers
English
king
510 millions of speakers
Translator English — Hindi
राजा
380 millions of speakers
Translator English — Arabic
مَلِكٌ
280 millions of speakers
Translator English — Russian
король
278 millions of speakers
Translator English — Portuguese
rei
270 millions of speakers
Translator English — Bengali
রাজা
260 millions of speakers
Translator English — French
roi
220 millions of speakers
Translator English — Malay
Raja
190 millions of speakers
Translator English — German
König
180 millions of speakers
Translator English — Japanese
王
130 millions of speakers
Translator English — Korean
왕
85 millions of speakers
Translator English — Javanese
Raja
85 millions of speakers
Translator English — Vietnamese
vua
80 millions of speakers
Translator English — Tamil
ராஜா
75 millions of speakers
Translator English — Marathi
राजा
75 millions of speakers
Translator English — Turkish
kral
70 millions of speakers
Translator English — Italian
re
65 millions of speakers
Translator English — Polish
król
50 millions of speakers
Translator English — Ukrainian
король
40 millions of speakers
Translator English — Romanian
rege
30 millions of speakers
Translator English — Greek
βασιλιάς
15 millions of speakers
Translator English — Afrikaans
koning
14 millions of speakers
Translator English — Swedish
kung
10 millions of speakers
Translator English — Norwegian
konge
5 millions of speakers
Trends of use of king
TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «KING»
The term «king» is very widely used and occupies the 1.398 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
FREQUENCY
Very widely used
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «king» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of king
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «king».
FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «KING» OVER TIME
The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «king» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «king» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.
Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about king
10 QUOTES WITH «KING»
Famous quotes and sentences with the word king.
In the end of five years I made supplication to the king to go out of this land, desiring to see my poor wife and children according to conscience and nature.
King Arthur was one of my heroes — I played with a trash can lid for a knightly shield and my uncle’s cane for the sword Excalibur.
If you look at the British royal family and take away the scandals and the goofy stuff that’s going on, people love to have this king to look up to — the royals are like celebrities.
It is true that the king has made a truce with the duke of Burgundy for fifteen days and that the duke is to turn over the city of Paris at the end of fifteen days. Yet you should not marvel if I do not enter that city so quickly.
I do come from a theater background, where the playwright is optimal and king and you have to serve the playwright. So I am, of course, a huge fan of scripted everything.
Only that Swiss in the heart want still a king or at least a strong Upper House of Parliament. Swiss long themselves for less democracy and more dictatorship.
What I like about cities is that everything is king size, the beauty and the ugliness.
I’ve always been the king of silence. I’ve always been a minimalist comedian. I’ve taken my influence from Jack Benny, who was the king of that… I’ve always done ‘less is more.’
It is to be remedied that the false traitors will suffer no man to come into the king’s presence for no cause without bribes where none ought to be had. Any man might have his coming to him to ask him grace or judgment in such case as the king may give.
10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «KING»
Discover the use of king in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to king and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
Receiving a horrific essay from a GED student with a traumatic past, high-school English teacher Jake Epping is enlisted by a friend to travel back in time to prevent the assassination of John F. Kennedy, a mission for which he must …
The Crown Kitty and Friends Cordially Invite You to Celebrate a Royal Wedding Reception to follow in the Royal Gardens Bring Lots of Presents
Stern Nijland, Linda De Haan, 2003
Updated with a new preface and more than a dozen photographs of King and his contemporaries, this edition presents the unforgettable story of King’s life and death for a new generation.
4
The Essential Stephen King: A Ranking of the Greatest …
This book provides uncompromising summation and review of King’s work and is a must-have for both the serious and casual fan.
Stephen J. Spignesi, 2003
5
The King Never Smiles: A Biography of Thailand’s Bhumibol …
This book tells the unexpected story of his life and 60-year rule: how a Western-raised boy came to be seen by his people as a living Buddha; and how a king widely seen as beneficent and apolitical could in fact be so deeply political, …
Mr. Mercedes is a war between good and evil, from the master of suspense whose insight into the mind of this obsessed, insane killer is chilling and unforgettable.
There’s a place alone Interstate 50 that some call the loneliest place on Earth. It’s not a very nice place to live. It’s an even worse place to die. It’s known as Desperation, Nevada…
8
King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism …
Adam Hochschild brings this largely untold story alive with the wit and skill of a Barbara Tuchman. Like her, he knows that history often provides a far richer cast of characters than any novelist could invent.
9
Once a King, Always a King: The Unmaking of a Latin King
Sanchez illustrates how the Latin King motto «once a king, always a king» rings true and details the difficulty and danger of leaving that life behind.
10
King: Pilgrimage to the Mountaintop
An incisive biography of Martin Luther King, Jr., looks at the life and legacy of one of America’s most important civil rights leaders, describing both his successes and his failures while speculating about King’s potential future …
10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «KING»
Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term king is used in the context of the following news items.
Burger-King union is a done deal — NY Daily News
It was whopper of a wedding. Joel Burger and Ashley King had it their way on Friday, getting married in Illinois with every cent of the wedding … «New York Daily News, Jul 15»
LEADING OFF: Greinke’s Shutout Streak, King Felix Vs Yankees …
There is one player who gives King Felix trouble, though: Mark Teixeira is 20 for 66 (.303) with six homers and 13 RBIs overall against the … «ABC News, Jul 15»
CU men’s basketball: George King ready to take his shot — Boulder …
Colorado redshirt sophomore George King has some fun ripping off a red shirt last week at the Coors Events Center. King’s redshirt season is … «The Daily Camera, Jul 15»
Spike’s ‘Tut’ follows the rise and fall of King Tutankhamun — NY Daily …
It only took 33 centuries, but King Tut has finally landed his own show on Spike. “Tut,” the cable channel’s new event miniseries, follows the rise … «New York Daily News, Jul 15»
King Edward VIII: Uncle who encouraged young Queen’s Nazi …
On becoming king in 1936, Edward was said to have wanted to speak privately with Hitler without his government’s knowledge, and claimed he … «The Independent, Jul 15»
Don King predicts stardom in United States for Carl Frampton — BBC
American boxing promoter Don King waxes lyrical about the impact he believes Belfast boxer Carl Frampton can make in the United States. «BBC Sport, Jul 15»
Curling team’s LA Kings ‘Burger King‘ outfits make fashion statement …
Our friends at The Royal Half wrote the definitive piece on the ‘Burger King‘ and showed the incredible likeness of the logo to the weird looking … «Yahoo Sports, Jul 15»
Utah Shakespeare Festival’s ‘King Lear’ does tragedy justice …
CEDAR CITY, Utah — «King Lear» is often considered one of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, and the Utah Shakespeare Festival’s excellent … «Deseret News, Jul 15»
Homebuilder Watson served as King Antonio LXI — San Antonio …
During his reign as King Antonio, Watson and the Texas Cavaliers made a special stop at an elementary school to visit a sick girl he knew. «mySanAntonio.com, Jul 15»
Saudi king holds rare talks with Hamas leader Meshaal — BBC News
Saudi King Salman has held rare talks with the leader of the Palestinian militant group Hamas, Khaled Meshaal, who was on pilgrimage to … «BBC News, Jul 15»
REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. King [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/king>. Apr 2023 ».
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Meaning king
What does king mean? Here you find 34 meanings of the word king. You can also add a definition of king yourself
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0 king (n.) applied, at first in natural history, to species deemed remarkably big or dominant, such as king crab (1690s); the U.S. king snake (1737), which attacks other snakes and is regarded especial [..]
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0 kinga late Old English contraction of cyning «king, ruler» (also used as a title), from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz (source also of Dutch koning, Old Norse konungr, Danish konge, Old Saxon and Old [..]
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0 king/ˈkɪŋ/ noun plural kings king /ˈkɪŋ/ noun plural kings Learner's definition of KING 1 : a male ruler of a country who usually inherits his position and rules for life [count] dethrone [..]
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0 kingKing [N] [S]is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan ( Joshua 12:9 Joshua 12:24 ), whom Joshua sub [..]
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0 kingmale monarch.
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0 kinga male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom a competitor who holds a preeminent position baron: a very wealthy or powerful businessman; &quot;an oil baron&quot; preeminence in a particular ca [..]
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0 kinga man who rules a country usually because his family did so before him
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0 kingthe male reproductive termite in a colony. Read more on: King
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0 kingis in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued [..]
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10 |
0 king«a chief ruler, one invested with supreme authority over a nation, tribe or country.»—Webster. In the Bible the word does not necessarily imply great power or great extent of country. Many [..]
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0 kingA dish with a sauce of cream, mushrooms and green peppers, often chicken based.
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0 kingmeylekh (mlokhim)
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0 kingkinig
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0 kingTo dream of a king, you are struggling with your might, and ambition is your master. To dream that you are crowned king, you will rise above your comrades and co-workers. If you are censured by a king, you will be reproved for a neglected duty. For a young woman to be in the presence of a king, she will marry a man whom she will fear. To receive fa [..]
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0 kingFood served in a cream sauce, often on toast.
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0 kingFood served in a cream sauce, often on toast.
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0 kingrex regis
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18 |
0 kingThe Anglo-Saxon cyng, cyning, from cyn a nation or people, and the terminationing, meaning of, as son of, chief of, etc. In Anglo- [..]
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19 |
0 kingA king should die standing. So said Louis XVIII. of France, in imitation of Vespasian, Emperor of Rome. (See DYING SAYINGS Louis XVIII.)
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20 |
0 king, in termites (Isoptera), primary reproductive, usually being dealate (T-B; Krishna, pers. comm.).
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21 |
0 kingKing was born in Lichfield in 1648, the son of a jobbing technician who had acquired a sufficient practical competence in mathematics to earn a modest …
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0 kingSupreme ruler, thought to be made so by God himself. Knight:
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0 kingn. «king; (pl. as proper name of literary work) Book of Kings (in the Bible),» s.v. king sb. OED. KEY: king@n king@n#propn
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0 kingn 274 king 7 kinges 1 kyng 197 kynge 1 kynges 65 kyngis 3
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0 kingn#propn 2 kynges 2
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0 kingKing Radio Corp. (Avionics mfgr.)
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0 kingPiece that can move and capture backward and forward
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0 kingextra long, extra wide double bed about 78 by 80 inches.
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0 kingMale ruler of an independent country or state.
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0 king
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0 kingA male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy. If it’s an absolute monarchy, then he is the supreme ruler of his nation. (Henry VIII was the king of England from 1509 to 1547.) A powerful or influe [..]
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32 |
0 kingThe title of a king. A=An|English and Scottish|from=nicknames|dot=, originally a nickname for someone who either acted as if he were a king or had worked in the king’s household. (UK,rail transp [..]
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33 |
0 king[[K@Shoulder K@Abdomen]]
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0 kingFrom the English vocabulary word king, ultimately derived from Old English cyning. This was also a surname, derived from the same source, a famous bearer being the American civil rights leader Martin [..]
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Dictionary.university is a dictionary written by people like you and me.
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Add meaning
English word king comes from Proto-Germanic *kunją (kin, family, clan.) and Proto-Germanic *-ingaz (form derivative of nouns with sense of ‘belonging to, coming from, descending from’)
Detailed word origin of king
Dictionary entry | Language | Definition |
---|---|---|
*kunją | Proto-Germanic (gem-pro) | Kin, family, clan. |
*-ingaz | Proto-Germanic (gem-pro) | Forms derivatives of nouns with sense of ‘belonging to, coming from, descending from’. |
*kunungaz | Proto-Germanic (gem-pro) | |
cyning | Old English (ang) | King. |
kyng | Middle English (enm) | |
king | English (eng) | (UK, slang) A king skin.. (card games) A playing card with the letter «K» and the image of a king on it, the thirteenth card in a given suit.. (chess) The principal chess piece, that players seek to threaten with unavoidable capture to result in a victory by checkmate. It is often the tallest piece, with a symbolic crown with a cross at the top.. A checker (a piece of checkers/draughts) that […] |