The history of the word dog

Asked by: Jazmyne Considine

Score: 4.3/5
(57 votes)

Its origin remains one of the great mysteries of English etymology. The word forced out Old English hund (the general Germanic and Indo-European word, from root from PIE root *kwon-) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (French dogue (16c.), Danish dogge, German Dogge (16c.)).

What is the root word of dog?

The origin of the English word dog has been a riddle for ages. It developed through Middle English dogge from Old English docga, after which the trail seems to go cold. … English dusk), like frocga/frogga ‘frog’ beside frox/frosc/forsc ‘id. ‘.

Why is dog a slang?

dogs, Slang. feet. Slang. something worthless or of extremely poor quality: That used car you bought is a dog.

What is the ancient Greek word for dog?

Kyon (the ancient Greek word for «dog»)

Who was the Greek god of dogs?

33 related questions found

What is the history of the word dog?

dog (n.) The word forced out Old English hund (the general Germanic and Indo-European word, from root from PIE root *kwon-) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (French dogue (16c.), Danish dogge, German Dogge (16c.)).

Where did the term working like a dog come from?

Simply put, this means to work extremely hard. Farm dogs work from sun-up to sun down, so they saying maybe referencing these hard working canines. However, day labor “grunt” workers have also been referred to as dogs (derogatory).

Why is the saying sick as a dog?

The origin of the phrase ‘sick as a dog’ can be found in the early 1700’s, when it was common to compare undesirable things to dogs. The explanation for this isn’t that people didn’t like dogs, it is that diseases such as the plague were often spread via animals like rats, birds, and unfortunately, dogs.

Why do we call dogs dogs?

Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are domesticated mammals, not natural wild animals. They were originally bred from wolves. They have been bred by humans for a long time, and were the first animals ever to be domesticated. They are sometimes called “canines” from the Latin word for dog – canis.

What was the first breed of dog in the world?

Akita Inu

Is spot a common dog name?

But whether it’s for their original definition or the nostalgic pull, Fido, Rover and Spot always stick around. Whilst the names may not make it to the top of the list for popularity now, they are unquestioned in the dog world.

What’s the best dog name ever?

Top Dog Names

• 10 Top Dog Names for Males. #1 Charlie. #2 Max. #3 Buddy. #4 Oscar. #5 Milo. #6 Archie. #7 Ollie. #8 Toby. #9 Jack.
• 10 Top Dog Names for Females. #1 Bella. #2 Molly. #3 Coco. #4 Ruby. #5 Lucy. #6 Bailey. #7 Daisy. #8 Rosie. #9 Lola.
• 100 Top Dog Names. #1 Bella. #2 Charlie. #3 Max. #4 Molly. #5 Coco. #6 Buddy. #7 Ruby. #8 Oscar.

What is the cutest name for a dog?

Cute Dog Names

• Apricot.
• Archie.
• Bear.
• Beau.
• Bee.
• Bailey.
• Birch.
• Boots.

What body shape do guys find most attractive?

Every man agrees: The hourglass shape creates instant attraction. This body shape features a wide upper body and equally wide hips, but a narrow waist. There are many reasons why men consistently rated the hourglass higher than the pear. For example, guys felt the hourglass was more “balanced” and “curvy”.

Last Update: Jan 03, 2023

This is a question our experts keep getting from time to time. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested!

Asked by: Kristofer Collins

Score: 4.4/5
(20 votes)

The origin of the English word dog has been a riddle for ages. It developed through Middle English dogge from Old English docga, after which the trail seems to go cold. At first it referred mostly to dogs of a coarser nature and was often used disparagingly, also as an insult to people.

How did the word dog originate?

dog (n.) … The word forced out Old English hund (the general Germanic and Indo-European word, from root from PIE root *kwon-) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (French dogue (16c.), Danish dogge, German Dogge (16c.)).

Why is a dog called a dog?

About seven centuries ago, the word hound, which came from the Old English hund, was the word for all domestic canines. Dog was just used to refer to a subgroup of hounds that includes the lovely but frequently slobbering mastiff.

Who named a dog a dog?

In 1758, the Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus published in his Systema Naturae, the two-word naming of species (binomial nomenclature). Canis is the Latin word meaning «dog,» and under this genus, he listed the domestic dog, the grey wolf, and the golden jackal.

What is the ancient Greek word for dog?

Kyon (the ancient Greek word for «dog»)

18 related questions found

Part 1: “Tyke” and its kin

The word dog is the bête noire of English etymology. Without obvious cognates anywhere (the languages that have dog are said to have borrowed it from English), it had a shadowy life in Old English but managed to hound from its respectable position the ancient name of man’s best friend, the name it has retained in the rest of Germanic. Before formulating even a preliminary hypothesis of where dog came from, it will pay off to study the larger picture, that is, to inquire about some other known names for “dog” and also for various dog breeds.

A few such names are self-explanatory: for instance, spaniel and Bolognese (Spain, Bologna). Some easily give away their Romance roots: terrier is such (terra “earth”); others, like beagle and mastiff, are considerably less transparent. Poodle, from German, seems to designate a creature fond of splashing in puddles. Talbot apparently derives from the personal name Talbot: the figure of a greyhound was borne in the coat of arms of the Talbot family. Collie, we are told, is related to coal because the earliest breed was black. The words for “dog” and its breeds sometimes go back to epithets like “fierce,” “tame,” “swift,” “loud,” and even “musical” (the latter two describe the animal’s bark) or the predominant color (collie is not the only example). Hound may be akin to Latin canis “dog,” but the vowels match badly and final -d has never been explained. The origin of the Latin noun is also obscure despite numerous conjectures on its origin. The idea of the affinity between hound and the Gothic verb meaning “catch” (hinþan; þ = th) was given up long ago, even though this approach is rather attractive and originated with no less a figure than Jacob Grimm. Also, hunt is not a cognate.

One more circumstance should be considered: the generic word for “dog” sometimes develops from the sense “female dog, bitch” or “whelp, cur.” To realize the odds facing the etymologist, we may follow the history of the noun tyke. Its source could have been Middle Low (= northern) German tike (disyllabic, of course; the same meaning) or Old Norse tík “vixen.” Although tyke usually means “dog” and especially “cur; mongrel” (let alone “child; toddler” and “an unpleasant, coarse man”—those are figurative senses), it occasionally denotes “horse” (so also in rather old texts) and “otter” (rarely). In my series on the fox (“Vulpes, vulpes”), I observed that the same word is often used for the fox and the wolf (compare Old Norse tík, above); the dog should be added to those two. But “otter” and especially “horse” look strange. Even if tike ~ tyke ever meant “cub” or “the young of any beast,” “whelp” and “colt” are hardly compatible.

In our search, we encounter many similar sounding words, with vowels and consonants alternating almost at random. Old High German zoha “bitch” (the modern form is Zohe), from toha, resembles Icelandic tóa “vixen.” Toha acquired the diminutive suffix and yielded Töle. Alongside Zohe ~ Töle, German dialects have tiffe, tifte, tēwe, tispe, tipse, ziwwe, zibbe, zeische, and tache or toche. Zibbe is especially instructive, for in different localities it designates “female hare” (the most common sense), “ewe,” “bitch,” and “female lamb.” Against this background, even the English trio tyke “dog—otter—horse” stops looking exotic. Our belief in the unity of the animal kingdom is further shattered when we remember that German tike resembles German Ziege “she-goat, nanny goat,” along with Zicke (the same meaning, and a few figurative senses) and Zicklein “kid,” the latter being a cognate of Old Engl. ticcen; Classical Greek (dialectal) ziga “goat” is a close neighbor.

Several of the forms listed above (ziwwe, zibbe, tēwe, tiffe, tifte, and the like) are clearly phonetic variants of the same etymon, but zoha ~ toha ~ tóa cannot be reduced to it. Tiffe reminds us of Dutch teef “bitch,” while tipse resembles Norwegian dialectal tiksa “bitch; ewe.” Dictionaries state unanimously that all those words are of unknown origin. This verdict presupposes that there is a certain meaning behind tyke ~ tike, zoha, zibbe, and the rest, something like “black, swift, etc.” but we don’t know it. However, the variety of senses (“bitch,” “ewe,” “she-goat,” “horse,” “otter”) defies the efforts to find such a basic meaning. Even though among our animal names we find a Classical Greek word, it does not follow that we have to look for an impressive-looking Indo-European root. We seem to be dealing with some extremely vague general sense “young animal” or “female animal,” most probably domesticated. “Otter” looks like a late and aberrant extension of the primordial sense. At one time, tyke was derived from German Dachs “badger” or from Danish tyk “thick; heavy”; neither conjecture has any value. Equally unconvincing have been the attempts to find a Celtic etymon for tyke.

Jan de Vries (1890-1964), an active and successful etymologist, suggested that the words of the type discussed here go back to calls to animals; hence, according to him, the great variety in their phonetic shape. Unbeknownst to him, Hensleigh Wedgwood had a somewhat similar idea as early as 1856. Tyke, he wrote, was “originally a young dog, then an affectionate expansion for the animal independent of age.” He believed that the complex tik was more or less universal, and in support of his reconstruction cited the look-alikes from Icelandic and Saami; he did not know that the Saami word was a borrowing from Germanic. This line of thought is reasonable. The onomatopoeic factor must also have played a role in forming such words. No one would try to find a profound etymology for the sound-imitative bow–wow, arf–arf, or woof-woof. So why not have a noun like woofy or arfy “dog”? Don’t we have puss-puss and pussy? All this may (or may not) go a long way toward solving the origin of dog.

I have a personal stake in this hypothesis. Russian dogs go gav-gav (this is a loud bark) or tiaf-tiaf (a high-pitched impotent bark), and tiaf-tiaf is amazingly close to tiffe and teef, featured above. Also, in the version of the story of three little pigs I read when I was a child, the brothers’ names were Niff-Niff, Nuff-Nuff, and Naff-Naff. (Forget the Urban Dictionary, especially nifff.) In the later editions I have consulted the pigs were usually nameless, and my students have never heard about Niff-Niff, Nuff-Nuff, and Naff-Naff. Years later I discovered that Swedish pigs say nöff-nöff and began to wonder whether the famous English story has Scandinavian roots.

It now remains for me to add a few lines about the nickname Yorkshire tyke. Those interested in the origin of the phrase should read a detailed article by J. Fairfax-Blakeborough on it in Notes and Queries, vol. 154, 1928: 439-40. A term of abuse, it has long since lost its offensive connotations. “None of the earlier dictionary makers connect the word [tyke] with Yorkshiremen, and, prior to about mid-eighteenth century, county and other literature has no reference to the word as meaning anything but a dog.” Tyke did have a few other meanings, but with regard to Yorkshire tyke, the author was right.

Image credits: (1) ‘Please play with me!’ by John Adams. CC BY-SA 2.0 via theadams Flickr. (2) Mary had a little lamb. Illustration by William Wallace Denslow (1902). Project Gutenberg EBook of Denslow’s Mother Goose. Public domain via Wikimedia Commons. (3) Mural by the Savile Town Branch of the Calder and Hebble Navigation. Photo by Tim Green. CC BY 2.0 via atoach Flickr.

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

• darg, dawg, dug (dialectal)
• doggie, doggy (childish)

Pronunciation[edit]

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /dɒɡ/
• («a dog»)
• (US) enPR: dôg, IPA^(key): /dɔɡ/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /dɑɡ/
• Rhymes: -ɒɡ

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English dogge^[1] (whence also Scots dug (“dog”)), from Old English dogga, docga,^[2][3] of uncertain origin.

The original meaning seems to have been a common dog, as opposed to a well-bred one, or something like ‘cur’, and perhaps later came to be used for stocky dogs. Possibly a pet-form diminutive with suffix -ga (compare frocga (“frog”), *picga (“pig”)), appended to a base *dog-, *doc- of unclear origin and meaning. One possibility is Old English dox (“dark, swarthy”) (compare frocga from frox).^[4] Another proposal is that it derives from Proto-West Germanic *dugan (“to be suitable”), the origin of Old English dugan (“to be good, worthy, useful”), English dow, German taugen. The theory goes that it could have been an epithet for dogs, commonly used by children, meaning «good/useful animal.»^[5]. Another is that it is related to *docce (“stock, muscle”), from Proto-West Germanic *dokkā (“round mass, ball, muscle, doll”), whence English dock (“stumpy tail”).

In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype resembling the modern mastiff and bulldog.^[6] By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to breeds used for hunting.^[7] In the 16th century, the word dog was adopted by several continental European languages as their word for mastiff.^[8]

Noun[edit]

dog (plural dogs)

1. A mammal of the family Canidae:
   1. The species Canis familiaris (sometimes designated Canis lupus familiaris), domesticated for thousands of years and of highly variable appearance because of human breeding.

      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

        The preposterous altruism too! […] Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.

      • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess‎^[4]:

        When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him.  […] . The captive made no resistance and came not only quietly but in a series of eager little rushes like a timid dog on a choke chain.

      The dog barked all night long.

   2. Any member of the family Canidae, including domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, and their relatives (extant and extinct); canid.

      • 1989, John L. Gittleman, Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, page 561:

        This includes the development of hyena-like bone crushers (Osteoborus and Borophagus), a large bone-crushing hunting dog (Aelurodon), and another borophagine frugivorous dog (Carpocyon).

   3. (often attributive) A male dog, wolf, or fox, as opposed to a bitch or vixen.
      • 1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin 2013, page 149:

        Firstly, he was there to encourage and assist the hounds (a scratch pack – mostly dog-hounds drafted from fox-hound kennels because they were over-sized) […].

2. The meat of this animal, eaten as food:

   Did you know that in South Korea, they eat dog?

3. A person:
   1. (slang, derogatory) A dull, unattractive girl or woman.

      She’s a real dog.

   2. (slang) A man, guy, chap.

      You lucky dog!

   3. (derogatory) Someone who is cowardly, worthless, or morally reprehensible.

      Come back and fight, you dogs!

      You dirty dog.

      • 1599, Robert Greene, Alphonsus, King of Aragon (1599). Act 3.

        Blasphemous dog, I wonder that the earth / Doth cease from renting vnderneath thy feete, / To swallow vp those cankred corpes of thine.

      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Kings 8:13, column 1:

        And Hazael ſaid, But what, is thy ſeruant a dogge, that he ſhould doe this great thing?

      • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

        [A]t last Mahomed’s stood straight up upon its vertebræ, and glared at me through its empty eyeholes, and cursed me with its grinning jaws, because I, a dog of a Christian, disturbed the last sleep of a true believer.

   4. (slang) A sexually aggressive man.

      • 2005, Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), “Stay Fly”, in Most Known Unknown‎^[5], Sony BMG, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG):

        DJ Paul is a dog; one you do not trust.

4. A mechanical device or support:
   1. Any of various mechanical devices for holding, gripping, or fastening something, particularly with a tooth-like projection.

      • 2009, ForestWorks, Chainsaw Operator’s Manual, page 41:

        Whenever possible, let the tree support the weight of the chainsaw. Pivot the saw, using the saw’s dogs (spikes) as a fulcrum.

   3. A click or pallet adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet wheel, to restrain the back action.

      Synonyms: click, pallet, pawl, ratchet

   4. A metal support for logs in a fireplace.

      The dogs were too hot to touch.

      • 1902, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Hound of the Baskervilles

        In the great old-fashioned fireplace behind the high iron dogs a log-fire crackled and snapped.

5. (cartomancy) The eighteenth Lenormand card.
6. A hot dog: a frankfurter, wiener, or similar sausage; or a sandwich made from this.

   • 1994 July 21, Faye Fiore, “Congress relishes another franking privilege: Meat lobby puts on the dog with exclusive luncheon for lawmakers – experts on pork”, in Los Angeles Times‎^[6]:

     Congressmen gleefully wolfed down every imaginable version of the hot dog – smoked kielbasas, jumbo grillers, Big & Juicy’s, kosher dogs and spiced dogs […]

7. (poker slang) Underdog.
8. (slang, almost always in the plural) Foot.

   My dogs are barking! ― My feet hurt!

9. (Cockney rhyming slang) (from «dog and bone») Phone or mobile phone.

   My dog is dead.

   My mobile-phone battery has run out of charge and is no longer able to function.

10. One of the cones used to divide up a racetrack when training horses.
11. (informal) Something that performs poorly.
    • 1885, Robert H. Codrington, The Melanesian Languages (page 143)

      He gives his dog-Mota or dog-Fiji in exchange for Pigeon English.

    That modification turned his Dodge hemi into a dog.

    1. (film) A flop; a film that performs poorly at the box office.
       • 1969, Ski (volume 34, number 4, page 121)

         Blue was released, and as Redford had predicted, it was a dog.

       • 2012, Ronald L. Davis, Duke: The Life and Image of John Wayne

         «When The Alamo was coming out, the word of mouth on it was that it was a dog,» Chase said.

Synonyms[edit]

• (animal): taxonomic names: Canis familiaris, Canis domesticus, Canis familiarus domesticus, Canis canis, Canis aegyptius, Canis familiarus aegyptius, Canis melitaeus, Canis familiarus melitaeus, Canis molossus, Canis familiarus molossus, Canis saultor, Canis familiaris saultor
• (animal): domestic dog, hound, canine; see also Thesaurus:dog
• (male): stud, sire
• (man): bloke (British), chap (British), dude, fellow, guy, man; see also Thesaurus:man
• (morally reprehensible person): cad, bounder, blackguard, fool, hound, heel, scoundrel
• (mechanical device): click, detent, pawl
• (metal support for logs): andiron, fire dog, dogiron

Hypernyms[edit]

• (animal): canid

Hyponyms[edit]

• (animal):

Coordinate terms[edit]

• (male adult dog): bitch, pup, puppy

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

• Bislama: dog
• Sranan Tongo: dagu
• Tok Pisin: dok

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

dog (third-person singular simple present dogs, present participle dogging, simple past and past participle dogged)

1. (transitive) To pursue with the intent to catch.

   Synonyms: chase, chase after, go after, pursue, tag, tail, track, trail

2. (transitive) To follow in an annoying or harassing way.

   The woman cursed him so that trouble would dog his every step.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     […] they were discovered in a very improper manner by the husband of the gypsy, who, from jealousy it seems, had kept a watchful eye over his wife, and had dogged her to the place, where he found her in the arms of her gallant.

   • 2012 January 1, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist‎^[7], volume 100, number 1, page 86:

     Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

   • 2012 May 9, Jonathan Wilson, “Europa League: Radamel Falcao’s Atlético Madrid rout Athletic Bilbao”, in the Guardian‎^[8]:

     But this is not an Athletic that ever looks comfortable at the back – a criticism that has often dogged Marcelo Bielsa’s sides.

   • 2021 June 21, Daisuke Wakabayashi, “Google Executives See Cracks in Their Company’s Success”, in The New York Times‎^[9], →ISSN:

     Yet Google, which was founded in 1998, is dogged by the perception that its best days are behind it.

3. (transitive, nautical) To fasten a hatch securely.

   It is very important to dog down these hatches.

4. (intransitive, emerging usage in Britain) To watch, or participate, in sexual activity in a public place.

   • 2012, The Onion Book of Known Knowledge, page 118:

     Lightning [is a] burst of charged particles that lights up the sky and allows onlookers to see who’s dogging in the bushes without using a flashlight.

   I admit that I like to dog at my local country park.

5. (intransitive, transitive) To intentionally restrict one’s productivity as employee; to work at the slowest rate that goes unpunished.

   Synonyms: soldier, goldbrick

   A surprise inspection of the night shift found that some workers were dogging it.

6. (transitive) To criticize.
7. (transitive, military) To divide (a watch) with a comrade.
   • 1902, Winfield Scott Schley, Record of Proceedings of a Court of Inquiry

     A. We never stood 4 to 8 p.m. watches, sir. We dogged our watches.
     Q. I suppose that is 6 to 8 p.m., then; it is a little indistinct. I mean the second dog watch.

   • 2015, Tom Vetter, 30,000 Leagues Undersea

     Meanwhile, we dogged the watch sections so that both halves of the crew could fetch full sea bags of uniforms and gear […]

Derived terms[edit]

• all dogged up

Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Clipping of dogshit.

Adjective[edit]

dog (not comparable)

1. (slang) Of inferior quality; dogshit.

See also[edit]

• 🐕
• Category:en:Canids
• bark
• canine
• cynomorphic
• cynomorphism
• flea bag

Further reading[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

• God, god

Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch docht.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /dɔχ/

Verb[edit]

dog

1. Alternative form of dag (preterite of dink)

Bislama[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English dog. Cognate with Tok Pisin dok.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ˈdoɡ/
• Hyphenation: dog

Noun[edit]

dog

1. dog

References[edit]

• Terry Crowley (2004) Bislama Reference Grammar, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi press, →ISBN, page 37

Chinese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English dog, which is translation of 狗 (gau2, “dog”), which is a homophone of 九 (gau2, “nine”), which is a euphemism of 鳩／鸠 (gau1, “fucking; stupid”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dog

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, leetspeak, euphemistic) Alternative form of 鳩／鸠 (gau1).

Adjective[edit]

dog

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, leetspeak, euphemistic) Alternative form of 鳩／鸠 (gau1).

Derived terms[edit]

• on dog
• on dog dog

Etymology 2[edit]

From English dog.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dog

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) The name of the Latin-script letter D.

See also[edit]

• boy

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Danish dogh, which was borrowed from Middle Low German doch, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þauh.

Adverb[edit]

dog

1. however

   Det er dog ikke sikkert, at de taler sandt.

   It is, however, not certain that they are telling the truth.

2. Conveying impressedness, emotional affectation, bewilderment.

   Hvor er den hund dog nuttet!

   How cute that dog is!

   Sikke dramatisk du dog kan fremstille sagen!

   How dramatically you can present the matter!

Conjunction[edit]

dog

1. though

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English dog. Attested since the 16th century.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /dɔx/
• Hyphenation: dog
• Rhymes: -ɔx
• Homophone: doch

Noun[edit]

dog m (plural doggen, diminutive dogje n)

1. A large dog, especially one of certain breeds.

Derived terms[edit]

• Deense dog

Kriol[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English dog.

Noun[edit]

dog

1. dog

Mbabaram[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From *dwog(a), from *udwoga, from *gudwaga, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *gudaga. Related to Dyirbal guda, Yidiny gudaga. False cognate of English dog.^[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /dɔɡ/^[2]

Noun[edit]

dog

1. dog

References[edit]

Navajo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection[edit]

dog

1. thump, dub (sound of a heartbeat; thumping sound of a person walking on the roof of a house as heard by someone in the house)

Synonyms[edit]

• tsʼidog

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Adverb[edit]

dog

1. however

Conjunction[edit]

dog

1. though

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English dog, from Middle English dogge, from Old English dogga, docga.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /dɔk/
• Rhymes: -ɔk
• Syllabification: dog
• Homophone: dok

Noun[edit]

dog m anim

1. dogo-type dog

Declension[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• dog in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• dog in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dog m (plural dogs)

1. Clipping of hot dog.

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French dogue, from English dog.

Noun[edit]

dog m (plural dogi)

1. mastiff

Declension[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /duːɡ/

Verb[edit]

dog

1. past tense of dö.

Anagrams[edit]

• god

Torres Strait Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English dog.

Noun[edit]

dog

1. dog

Volapük[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English dog.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): [doɡ]

Noun[edit]

dog (nominative plural dogs)

1. (male or female) dog

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

[edit]

• doeg
• toradoeg