The definition of the word rock - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Verb

She gently rocked the baby to sleep.

He rocked back and forth while he stood waiting.

The boat rocked back and forth on the waves.

An earthquake rocked the town.

The building was rocked by an explosion.

The news of the murders rocked the town.

Their invention rocked the computer industry.

The band rocked the crowd.

Recent Examples on the Web

The supermodel, 49, shared a series of photos from her family’s vacation to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, on Tuesday, including some of her rocking a gorgeous green string bikini.

—Tracey Harrington Mccoy, Peoplemag, 5 Apr. 2023

Meanwhile, her bridal party— which included her sister, Adria Biles, Steph Magellan, Kayla Simone, Rachel Moore and Rebecca Delaney—each rocked different shades of powder blue.

—Ariana Garcia, Chron, 5 Apr. 2023

Overview Cast as a sportier alternative to the GV80 SUV, the Genesis GV80 Coupe rocks a fastback roofline and more aggressive design.

—Drew Dorian, Car and Driver, 5 Apr. 2023

Explosions rocked the city on March 20.

—Adam Taylor, Júlia Ledur, Francesca Ebel And Mary Ilyushina, The Washington Post, Anchorage Daily News, 4 Apr. 2023

Now, Jerusalem was rocking.

—Taylor Luck, The Christian Science Monitor, 4 Apr. 2023

Last night, country music rocked.

—Matt Wake | Mwake@al.com, al, 4 Apr. 2023

Explosions rocked the city on March 20.

—Mary Ilyushina, Washington Post, 3 Apr. 2023

Thursday Malden 12, Salem Academy 2 — Junior Zeke Noelsaint (3 for 3) rocked a three-run homer, drove in two more, and stole five bases for the Golden Tornadoes (1-0).

—BostonGlobe.com, 3 Apr. 2023

Thank you for being my rock and restoring my faith in love.

—Hedy Phillips, Peoplemag, 7 Apr. 2023

Polarizing rock band Greta Van Fleet will return this summer with its next album, Starcatcher, which was produced by Nashville veteran Dave Cobb.

—Jonathan Cohen, SPIN, 7 Apr. 2023

Vivian Trimble, a singer and keyboardist best known as a member of the stylish 1990s rock band Luscious Jackson, died Tuesday.

—Mikael Wood, Los Angeles Times, 7 Apr. 2023

As with most kids, their father is their rock.

—Cameron Buford | Cbuford@al.com, al, 6 Apr. 2023

The iconic Argentine rock band Los Fabulosos Cadillacs and Puerto Rican artist Eladio Carrión are also confirmed for that day.

—Griselda Flores, Billboard, 6 Apr. 2023

Collected in September 2021, the rover’s first sample is thought to be igneous rock from an ancient lava flow.

—Jonathan O’callaghan, Scientific American, 5 Apr. 2023

Boygenius is a rock band and a writers’ workshop and a place of peace for Julien Baker, Phoebe Bridgers, and Lucy Dacus, singer-songwriters whose music hides devastating emotional candor behind deceptively enticing hooks.

—Vulture, 4 Apr. 2023

The two grew close during Rogers’ days on stage in rock band Free, among his other career-spanning projects.

—Matthew Leimkuehler, USA TODAY, 3 Apr. 2023

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These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘rock.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Источник

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

to move (someone or something) back and forth or from side to side

[+ object]

She gently rocked the baby to sleep.
Waves rocked the boat.

[no object]

He rocked back and forth while he stood waiting.
The boat rocked back and forth on the waves.

[+ object]

to cause (something) to shake violently

An earthquake rocked the town.
The building was rocked by an explosion.

— sometimes used figuratively

The discovery rocked [=shook] the very foundations of their theory.

to cause (someone or something) to be upset or shocked

The news of the murders rocked the town.

to affect or influence (someone or something) very powerfully

Their invention rocked the computer industry.

to entertain (someone) in a very powerful and effective way

The band rocked the crowd.
His performance rocked the house. [=the audience loved his performance]
The new video game will rock your world. [=you will really like the new video game]

[no object]

informal

to sing, dance to, or play rock music

We were rocking all night long.

[no object]

slang

to be very enjoyable, pleasing, or effective

Her new car really rocks. [=her new car is really great]

rock out

[phrasal verb]

informal

to play music in a loud or energetic way

The band rocks out on their new album.

rock the boat

—

see ¹boat

— rocking

noun,

plural

rockings

[count, noncount]

a slow rocking

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

[noncount]

the hard, solid material that the surface of the Earth is made of

They drilled through several layers of solid rock.
Moss can grow on bare rock.
The miners made a tunnel through the rock.
volcanic rock

— often used before another noun

The mountain had many amazing rock formations.

—

see also bedrock, sheetrock

[count]

a piece of rock

a flat rock
(US) We threw rocks [=stones] into the water.
a pile of rocks

[count]

a large piece of rock that sticks up from the surface of the Earth

She climbed the rock.
The ship crashed into the rocks.

— used in phrases to say that something is very hard, steady, etc.

This bread is (as) hard as a rock. = The bread is rock-hard. [=the bread is very hard]
Her hand was steady as a rock. [=her hand was very steady]
His muscles are solid as a rock. [=very strong/solid]
The frozen chicken is rock-solid.
The beat of the drum was rock-steady.

a strong person who can be relied on

We could always count on him—he was our rock.

someone whose ideas, values, ways of doing things, etc., do not change

Once she makes up her mind, she’s (like) a rock. [=nobody can change her mind once she decides something]

[count]

informal

a diamond or other jewel

Look at the size of that rock on her finger.

[noncount]

British

hard candy that is made in a stick

a stick of rock

—

compare rock candy

[count]

informal

a small hard piece of a drug

a rock of crack cocaine

between a rock and a hard place

informal

in a very difficult or bad position or situation with no good way of getting out of it

He is caught/stuck between a rock and a hard place.

get your rocks off

informal

of a man

to have an orgasm

to feel great pleasure or satisfaction

He gets his rocks off bossing everyone around.

live under a rock

to be unaware of things that most people know about

How could you have not heard about it? Do you live under a rock?

on the rocks

having a lot of problems and likely to fail

Their marriage is on the rocks. [=in trouble]

of an alcoholic drink

with ice cubes

He ordered a whiskey/Scotch on the rocks.

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROCK

[noncount]

a kind of popular music with a strong beat that is played on instruments that are made louder electronically

My favorite types of music are jazz and rock.

— often used before another noun

rock music
a rock concert/band/star

—

see also hard rock, soft rock

Источник

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British
Scientific
Idioms And Phrases

This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.

noun

a large mass of stone forming a hill, cliff, promontory, or the like.

Geology.

mineral matter of variable composition, consolidated or unconsolidated, assembled in masses or considerable quantities in nature, as by the action of heat or water.
a particular kind of such matter: igneous rock.

stone in the mass: buildings that stand upon rock.

a stone of any size.

something resembling or suggesting a rock.

curling stone: Regulation weight is verified for each rock before the curling match can begin.

a firm foundation or support: The Lord is my rock.

Chiefly British. a kind of hard candy, variously flavored.

rocks .Informal. ice cubes for use in a beverage: He usually orders a whiskey without rocks.

Often rocks .Slang.

a piece of money.
a dollar bill.

Slang.

a diamond.
any gem.

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Idioms about rock

between a rock and a hard place, between undesirable alternatives.

get one’s rocks off, Slang: Vulgar. to have an orgasm.

on the rocks, Informal.

in or into a state of disaster or ruin: Their marriage is on the rocks.
without funds; destitute; bankrupt.
(of a beverage, especially liquor or a cocktail) with, or containing, ice cubes: Scotch on the rocks; a vodka martini on the rocks.

Origin of rock

First recorded in 1300–50; 1905–10 for def. 12; Middle English rokk(ke), from Old French ro(c)que, roche; compare Spanish, Provençal roca, Italian rocca, Medieval Latin rocha, rocca (becoming late Old English -rocc in stānrocc “stone-rock, obelisk”); cf. roche alum

OTHER WORDS FROM rock

rock·less, adjectiverock·like, adjective

Words nearby rock

Rochelle powders, Rochelle salt, roche moutonnée, Rochester, rochet, rock, rockabilly, rock-a-bye, “Rock-a-Bye, Baby”, Rockall, rock-and-roll

Other definitions for rock (2 of 4)

verb (used without object)

to move or sway to and fro or from side to side.

to be moved or swayed powerfully with excitement, emotion, etc.

Mining. (of sand or gravel) to be washed in a cradle.

to dance to or play rock music.

(of popular music) to have the driving beat characteristic of rock.

Slang. to be very good, impressive, exciting, or effective: This show really rocks.

verb (used with object)

to move or sway to and fro or from side to side, especially gently and soothingly: Oh, look! Her big brother is rocking the baby to sleep.

to lull in security, hope, etc.

to affect deeply; move or sway powerfully, as with emotion; stun: Everyone in the courtroom was rocked by the verdict.

to shake or disturb violently: A thunderous explosion rocked the waterfront.

Slang.

to stir up; animate: We’re gonna rock this joint tonight!
to use, wear, or display in a showy, self-confident manner or to great effect: Only you could rock that hat!The game rocks some amazing new features.

Graphic Arts. to roughen the surface of (a copperplate) with a rocker preparatory to scraping a mezzotint.

noun

a rocking movement: the gentle rock of the boat.

Origin of rock

First recorded in 1100–50; Middle English rokken, rocken, rocke(n) “to rock (a cradle),”Old English roccian; cognate with Middle Dutch rocken “to stir, make move,” German rücken “to move, shift,” Old Norse rykkja “to jerk, pull”

synonym study for rock

OTHER WORDS FROM rock

rock·a·ble, adjectiverock·ing·ly, adverbun·rocked, adjective

Other definitions for rock (3 of 4)

Origin of rock

First recorded in 1690–1700; short for rockfish

Other definitions for rock (4 of 4)

Also Rock·y [rok-ee] /ˈrɒk i/ .

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023

Words related to rock

earth, gravel, lava, metal, rubble, slab, convulse, jolt, shake, shock, sway, swing, bedrock, boulder, cobblestone, crag, crust, lodge, mass, mineral

How to use rock in a sentence

In an earlier experiment, I showed that sugar seed crystals are important for making rock candy.
She was confident, she was outspoken, she was kind of the queen of the underground New York rock music scene.
Those wingbeats also caused bodies of the tiny, coiled shell species and the midsize, long shell snails to rock back and forth as they swam.
They are very similar to the rocks that may have formed our planet billions of years ago.

This 14-inch rocking pizza cutter will give you restaurant quality cut slices.
The atmosphere on campuses has gotten repressive enough that comedian Chris Rock no longer plays colleges.
And, as the enigmatic front man to an avant garde indie rock group, he is droll, perceptive, and splendidly weird.
My ball bounced back and the rock rolled just a little bit forward.
I think 2014 was my big rock and roll year, and 2015 is gonna be a really good year to hang around the house.
Yes, it was a fairly disappointing year in music—one devoid of Goth teen prodigies, Yeezy, and galvanizing rock anthems.
The offspring of the ungodly shall not bring forth many branches, and make a noise as unclean roots upon the top of a rock.
There lay Bob Rock, covered with blood, and apparently insensible.
When she heard it there came before her imagination the figure of a man standing beside a desolate rock on the seashore.
It was a pretty house, stood a little apart from the forge, and was called Rock Villa.
Between each group of figures the face of the rock was scored with mysterious signs and rudely limned weapons of war and chase.

British Dictionary definitions for rock (1 of 3)

noun

geology any aggregate of minerals that makes up part of the earth’s crust. It may be unconsolidated, such as a sand, clay, or mud, or consolidated, such as granite, limestone, or coalSee also igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

any hard mass of consolidated mineral matter, such as a boulder

mainly US, Canadian and Australian a stone

a person or thing suggesting a rock, esp in being dependable, unchanging, or providing firm foundation

British a hard sweet, typically a long brightly-coloured peppermint-flavoured stick, sold esp in holiday resorts

slang a jewel, esp a diamond

(plural) slang the testicles

between a rock and a hard place having to choose between two equally unpleasant alternatives

on the rocks

in a state of ruin or destitution
(of drinks, esp whisky) served with ice

Word Origin for rock

C14: from Old French roche, of unknown origin

British Dictionary definitions for rock (2 of 3)

verb

to move or cause to move from side to side or backwards and forwards

to reel or sway or cause (someone) to reel or sway, as with a violent shock or emotion

(tr) to shake or move (something) violently

(intr) to dance in the rock-and-roll style

mining to wash (ore) or (of ore) to be washed in a cradle

(tr) to roughen (a copper plate) with a rocker before engraving a mezzotint

(tr) slang, mainly US to impress by wearing (an item of clothing) or playing (a musical instrument)She can still rock a miniskirt; He rocks a guitar like nobody’s business

rock the boat informal to create a disturbance in the existing situation

noun

Also called: rock music any of various styles of pop music having a heavy beat, derived from rock and roll

Word Origin for rock

Old English roccian; related to Middle Dutch, Old High German rocken, German rücken

British Dictionary definitions for rock (3 of 3)

Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Scientific definitions for rock

A relatively hard, naturally occurring mineral material. Rock can consist of a single mineral or of several minerals that are either tightly compacted or held together by a cementlike mineral matrix. The three main types of rock are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

A piece of such material; a stone.

The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Other Idioms and Phrases with rock

In addition to the idioms beginning with rock

rock bottom
rocks in one’s head, have
rock the boat

also see:

between a rock and a hard place
on the rocks
steady as a rock

The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

Источник

Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Financial, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

rock¹

(rŏk)

1. Relatively hard, naturally formed mineral or petrified matter; stone.

a. A relatively small piece or fragment of such material.

b. A relatively large body of such material, as a cliff or peak.

3. A naturally formed aggregate of mineral matter constituting a significant part of the earth’s crust.

4. One that is similar to or suggestive of a mass of stone in stability, firmness, or dependability: The family has been his rock during this difficult time.

5. rocks Slang Money.

6. Slang A large gem, especially a diamond.

7. Slang Crack cocaine.

a. A varicolored stick candy.

b. Rock candy.

Idioms:

between a rock and a hard place

Confronted with equally unpleasant alternatives and few or no opportunities to evade or circumvent them.

on the rocks

1. In a state of difficulty, destruction, or ruin: Their marriage is on the rocks.

2. Without money; bankrupt: Our accountant says the business is on the rocks.

3. Served over ice cubes: Scotch on the rocks.

[Middle English, from Old North French roque, from Vulgar Latin *rocca, of unknown origin .]

rock²

(rŏk)

v. rocked, rock·ing, rocks

v.intr.

1. To move back and forth or from side to side, especially gently or rhythmically.

2. To sway violently, as from a blow or shock. See Synonyms at swing.

3. To be washed and panned in a cradle or in a rocker. Used of ores.

4. Music To play or dance to rock music.

5. Slang To be excellent or outstanding. Used in exclamations of approval.

v.tr.

1. To move (a child, for example) back and forth or from side to side, especially in order to soothe or lull to sleep.

2. To cause to shake or sway violently. See Synonyms at agitate.

a. To disturb the mental or emotional equilibrium of; upset: News of the scandal rocked the town.

b. To excite or cause strong feeling in, as by playing rock music.

4. To wash or pan (ore) in a cradle or rocker.

5. In mezzotint engraving, to roughen (a metal plate) with a rocker or roulette.

6. Slang To exhibit, display, or use with flair: The actor rocked a pair of diamond-studded sunglasses at the movie premiere.

a. A rocking motion.

b. The act of rocking.

2. Music A form of popular music characterized by electronically amplified instrumentation, a heavily accented beat, and relatively simple phrase structure. Originating in the United States in the 1950s, rock incorporates a variety of musical styles, especially rhythm and blues, country music, and gospel. Also called rock-and-roll, rock ‘n’ roll.

Idiom:

rock the boat

To disturb the balance or routine of a situation: He has an easygoing managerial style and won’t rock the boat unless absolutely necessary.

[Middle English rokken, from Old English roccian.]

rock′ing·ly adv.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

rock

(rɒk)

1. (Geological Science) geology any aggregate of minerals that makes up part of the earth’s crust. It may be unconsolidated, such as a sand, clay, or mud, or consolidated, such as granite, limestone, or coal. See also igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

2. any hard mass of consolidated mineral matter, such as a boulder

3. chiefly US and Canadian and Austral a stone

4. a person or thing suggesting a rock, esp in being dependable, unchanging, or providing firm foundation

5. (Cookery) Brit a hard sweet, typically a long brightly-coloured peppermint-flavoured stick, sold esp in holiday resorts

6. (Jewellery) slang a jewel, esp a diamond

8. (plural) slang the testicles

9. (Recreational Drugs) slang another name for crack²⁹

10. between a rock and a hard place having to choose between two equally unpleasant alternatives

11. in a state of ruin or destitution

12. (Cookery) (of drinks, esp whisky) served with ice

[C14: from Old French roche, of unknown origin]

rock

(rɒk)

1. to move or cause to move from side to side or backwards and forwards

2. to reel or sway or cause (someone) to reel or sway, as with a violent shock or emotion

3. (tr) to shake or move (something) violently

4. (Dancing) (intr) to dance in the rock-and-roll style

5. (Mining & Quarrying) mining to wash (ore) or (of ore) to be washed in a cradle

6. (Art Terms) (tr) to roughen (a copper plate) with a rocker before engraving a mezzotint

7. (tr) slang chiefly US to impress by wearing (an item of clothing) or playing (a musical instrument): she can still rock a miniskirt; he rocks a guitar like nobody’s business.

8. rock the boat informal to create a disturbance in the existing situation

9. a rocking motion

11. (Pop Music) Also called: rock music any of various styles of pop music having a heavy beat, derived from rock and roll

[Old English roccian; related to Middle Dutch, Old High German rocken, German rücken]

Rock

(rɒk)

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

rock¹

(rɒk)

1. a large mass of stone forming a hill, cliff, or the like.

a. mineral matter of variable composition, consolidated or unconsolidated, assembled in masses or considerable quantities in nature, as by the action of heat or water.

b. a particular kind of such matter: igneous rock.

3. stone in the mass: built on rock.

4. a stone of any size.

5. something resembling a rock.

6. a firm foundation or support: The Lord is my rock.

8. Slang.

a. a diamond.

b. any gem.

9. Slang.

b. a pellet or lump of crack.

Idioms:

1. between a rock and a hard place, between undesirable alternatives.

2. on the rocks,

a. Informal. ruined or destroyed: a marriage on the rocks.

b. (of an alcoholic beverage) served straight with ice.

[1300–50; Middle English rokk(e) < Old French ro(c)que, roche; Medieval Latin rocha, rocca (> late Old English -rocc in stānrocc “stone-rock”)]

rock′like`, adj.

rock²

(rɒk)

v.i.

1. to move or sway to and fro or from side to side.

2. to be moved or swayed powerfully with excitement, emotion, etc.

3. (of ore) to be washed in a cradle.

4. to dance to or play rock music.

v.t.

5. to move or sway to and fro or from side to side, esp. gently and soothingly.

6. to lull in security, hope, etc.

7. to affect deeply; stun.

8. to shake or disturb violently: An explosion rocked the dock.

9. a rocking movement.

10. a musical style derived in part from blues and folk music and marked by an accented beat and repetitive phrase structure.

adj.

11. pertaining to or characteristic of musical rock.

[before 1100; Middle English; Old English roccian, c. Middle Dutch rocken; akin to German rücken to move, push, Old Norse rykkja to jerk; (definition 14) short for rock and roll (1951), a phrase used earlier in the lyrics or title of several rhythm and blues songs]

rock′a•ble, adj.

rock′ing•ly, adv.

rock

(rŏk)

1. A relatively hard, naturally occurring mineral material. Rock can consist of a single mineral or of several minerals that are either tightly compacted or held together by a cement-like mineral matrix. The three main types of rock are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

2. A fairly small piece of such material; a stone.

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

rock

Past participle: rocked
Gerund: rocking

Imperative
rock
rock

Present
I rock
you rock
he/she/it rocks
we rock
you rock
they rock

Preterite
I rocked
you rocked
he/she/it rocked
we rocked
you rocked
they rocked

Present Continuous
I am rocking
you are rocking
he/she/it is rocking
we are rocking
you are rocking
they are rocking

Present Perfect
I have rocked
you have rocked
he/she/it has rocked
we have rocked
you have rocked
they have rocked

Past Continuous
I was rocking
you were rocking
he/she/it was rocking
we were rocking
you were rocking
they were rocking

Past Perfect
I had rocked
you had rocked
he/she/it had rocked
we had rocked
you had rocked
they had rocked

Future
I will rock
you will rock
he/she/it will rock
we will rock
you will rock
they will rock

Future Perfect
I will have rocked
you will have rocked
he/she/it will have rocked
we will have rocked
you will have rocked
they will have rocked

Future Continuous
I will be rocking
you will be rocking
he/she/it will be rocking
we will be rocking
you will be rocking
they will be rocking

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been rocking
you have been rocking
he/she/it has been rocking
we have been rocking
you have been rocking
they have been rocking

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been rocking
you will have been rocking
he/she/it will have been rocking
we will have been rocking
you will have been rocking
they will have been rocking

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been rocking
you had been rocking
he/she/it had been rocking
we had been rocking
you had been rocking
they had been rocking

Conditional
I would rock
you would rock
he/she/it would rock
we would rock
you would rock
they would rock

Past Conditional
I would have rocked
you would have rocked
he/she/it would have rocked
we would have rocked
you would have rocked
they would have rocked

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

rock

Any solid mass that is composed of minerals, forming a part of the Earth’s crust.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	rock — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter; «he threw a rock at me» stone natural object — an object occurring naturally; not made by man achondrite — a stony meteor lacking chondrules bedrock — solid unweathered rock lying beneath surface deposits of soil boulder, bowlder — a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin calculus, concretion — a hard lump produced by the concretion of mineral salts; found in hollow organs or ducts of the body; «renal calculi can be very painful» chondrite — a rock of meteoric origin containing chondrules clastic rock — (geology) a rock composed of broken pieces of older rocks crystallization, crystal — a rock formed by the solidification of a substance; has regularly repeating internal structure; external plane faces intrusion — rock produced by an intrusive process outcrop, outcropping, rock outcrop — the part of a rock formation that appears above the surface of the surrounding land pebble — a small smooth rounded rock petrifaction — a rock created by petrifaction; an organic object infiltrated with mineral matter and preserved in its original form sill — (geology) a flat (usually horizontal) mass of igneous rock between two layers of older sedimentary rock stepping stone — a stone in a marsh or shallow water that can be stepped on in crossing tor — a prominent rock or pile of rocks on a hill wall rock — a rock immediately adjacent to a vein or fault whinstone, whin — any of various hard colored rocks (especially rocks consisting of chert or basalt) xenolith — (geology) a piece of rock of different origin from the igneous rock in which it is embedded
	2.	rock — material consisting of the aggregate of minerals like those making up the Earth’s crust; «that mountain is solid rock»; «stone is abundant in New England and there are many quarries» stone material, stuff — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object; «coal is a hard black material»; «wheat is the stuff they use to make bread» mineral — solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition quartzite — hard metamorphic rock consisting essentially of interlocking quartz crystals road metal — broken rock used for repairing or making roads sedimentary rock — rock formed from consolidated clay sediments sial — the granitelike rocks that form the outermost layer of the earth’s crust; rich in silicon and aluminum sima — rock that form the continuous lower layer of the earth’s crust; rich in silicon and magnesium metamorphic rock — rock altered by pressure and heat crushed rock, gravel — rock fragments and pebbles caliche — nitrate-bearing rock or gravel of the sodium nitrate deposits of Chile and Peru shingling — (geology) sediment in which flat pebbles are uniformly tilted in the same direction pumice, pumice stone — a light glass formed on the surface of some lavas; used as an abrasive aphanite — fine-grained homogeneous rock (such as basalt) containing minerals undetectable by the naked eye claystone — fine-grained rock consisting of compacted clay particles dolomite — a kind of sedimentary rock resembling marble or limestone but rich in magnesium carbonate emery rock, emery stone — a mixture of emery dust and a binder; can be molded into grindstones conglomerate, pudding stone — a composite rock made up of particles of varying size fieldstone — stone that occurs naturally in fields; often used as building material greisen — a granitic rock composed of quartz and mica calc-tufa, tufa — a soft porous rock consisting of calcium carbonate deposited from springs rich in lime magma — molten rock in the earth’s crust igneous rock — rock formed by the solidification of molten magma limestone — a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals marble — a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material matrix — (geology) amass of fine-grained rock in which fossils, crystals, or gems are embedded
	3.	Rock — United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984) John Rock
	4.	rock — (figurative) someone who is strong and stable and dependable; «he was her rock during the crisis»; «Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church»—Gospel According to Matthew good person — a person who is good to other people
	5.	rock — hard bright-colored stick candy (typically flavored with peppermint) rock candy candy, confect — a rich sweet made of flavored sugar and often combined with fruit or nuts
	6.	rock — a genre of popular music originating in the 1950s; a blend of black rhythm-and-blues with white country-and-western; «rock is a generic term for the range of styles that evolved out of rock’n’roll.» rock and roll, rock music, rock ‘n’ roll, rock-and-roll, rock’n’roll popular music, popular music genre — any genre of music having wide appeal (but usually only for a short time) heavy metal music, heavy metal — loud and harsh sounding rock music with a strong beat; lyrics usually involve violent or fantastic imagery art rock, progressive rock — a style of rock music that emerged in the 1970s; associated with attempts to combine rock with jazz and other forms; intended for listening and not dancing acid rock, psychedelic rock — a musical style that emerged in the 1960s; rock music inspired by or related to drug-induced experience punk rock, punk — rock music with deliberately offensive lyrics expressing anger and social alienation; in part a reaction against progressive rock backbeat — a loud steady beat
	7.	rock — pitching dangerously to one side careen, sway, tilt pitching, lurch, pitch — abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance); «the pitching and tossing was quite exciting»
Verb	1.	rock — move back and forth or sideways; «the ship was rocking»; «the tall building swayed»; «She rocked back and forth on her feet» sway, shake roll — move, rock, or sway from side to side; «The ship rolled on the heavy seas» rock, sway — cause to move back and forth; «rock the cradle»; «rock the baby»; «the wind swayed the trees gently» nutate — rock, sway, or nod; usually involuntarily swag — sway heavily or unsteadily move back and forth — move in one direction and then into the opposite direction totter — move without being stable, as if threatening to fall; «The drunk man tottered over to our table»
	2.	rock — cause to move back and forth; «rock the cradle»; «rock the baby»; «the wind swayed the trees gently» sway move, displace — cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; «Move those boxes into the corner, please»; «I’m moving my money to another bank»; «The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant» rock, sway, shake — move back and forth or sideways; «the ship was rocking»; «the tall building swayed»; «She rocked back and forth on her feet»

rock

on the rocks in trouble, breaking down, falling apart, in tatters Why’s your marriage on the rocks?

Types of rock

andesite, anorthosite, anthracite, arkose, basalt, breccia, chalk, chert, clay, coal, conglomerate, diorite, dolerite, dolomite, dunite, eclogite, felsite or felstone, flint, gabbro, gneiss, granite, granodiorite, gravel, greywacke or (U.S.) graywacke, grit, hornblendite, hornfels, lamprophyre, lava, lignite, limestone, loess, marble, monzonite, mudstone, obsidian, pegmatite, peridotite, perknite, phyllite, pitchstone, pumice, pyroxenite, quartzite, rhyolite, sandstone, schist, shale, skarn, slate, soapstone, syenite, trachyte

rock

verb

2. shock, surprise, shake, stun, astonish, stagger, jar, astound, daze, dumbfound, set you back on your heels (informal) His death rocked the fashion business.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

rock

verb

1. To move vigorously from side to side or up and down:

2. To move to and fro violently:

3. To cause to move to and fro violently:

4. To impair or destroy the composure of:

agitate, bother, discompose, disquiet, distract, disturb, flurry, fluster, perturb, ruffle, shake (up), toss, unsettle, upset.

Translations

rots

pedraquerrocroca

skálakámenkolébatkymácetrock

klippestenvuggeklippestykkerock

kivikivilajiluotorockrokata

kamenljuljatirokstijena

szikla

brjóstsykursstöngklettur, bjargrokkrugga, vaggaskaka

石岩岩石揺れるロック

바위암석앞뒤(좌우)로 흔들다

akmensdrebinātkarameleklintsklintsgabals

stană

skalacukrová tyčinkapestovať v náručírockrockový

skalazibatikamenmajatirock

potrestistenaстена

bergbergartcrackgungaklippa

โยก แกว่ง เขย่าหิน

đáđu đưa

rock

¹ [rɒk]

A. N

2. (in phrases)
to be at rock bottom [person, prices, morale, confidence] → estar por los suelos, haber tocado fondo
prices are at rock bottom → los precios están por los suelos or han tocado fondo
morale in the armed forces was at rock bottom → los ánimos en las fuerzas armadas habían tocado fondo or estaban por los suelos
to hit or reach rock bottom [person, prices] → tocar fondo
to go on(to) the rocks = to run on(to) the rocks
rock hard → duro como una piedra
it dries rock hard in less than an hour → en menos de una hora se seca hasta quedarse duro como una piedra
he’s like a rock, I totally depend on him → es mi pilar or puntal, dependo totalmente de él
whisky on the rocks → whisky con hielo
to run on(to) the rocks (Naut) → chocar contra los escollos, encallar en las rocas
rock solid (lit, fig) → sólido como una roca
the pound was rock solid against the mark → la libra permanecía sólida como una roca frente al marco
see also rock-solid
he held the gun rock steady → sujetó la pistola con pulso firme
to be on the rocks (= be broke) → no tener un céntimo, estar sin blanca (Sp) ; (= fail) [marriage] → andar fatal
his business went on the rocks last year → su negocio se fue a pique or se hundió el año pasado
to be between or be caught between a rock and a hard place → estar entre la espada y la pared
see also hard, solid

5. (= drug) → crack m

6. (esp US) rocks to get one’s rocks off → echar un polvo

rock

² [rɒk]

C. N (Mus) (also rock music) → rock m, música f rock
heavy/soft rock → rock m duro/blando

Collins Spanish Dictionary — Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

rock

[ˈrɒk]

modif

[artist, drummer, guitarist, musician, group, album] → de rock; [legend, classic] → du rock; [festival] → de rock; [scene, anthem, song, guitar] → rock inv
a rock concert → un concert de rock rock band, rock chick, rock opera

[formation, outcrop, wall] → rocheux/euse rock art

rocks npl

on the rocks (= with ice) → avec des glaçons
a Scotch on the rocks → un scotch avec des glaçons

to be on the rocks [marriage, relationship, industry, company] → péricliter

(= be shaken) (by earthquake, explosion) → être ébranlé(e)

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

rock

rock bed

n (Geol) → Felsengrund m

rock-bottom

adj (inf) interest rates → niedrigste(r, s); rock prices → Niedrigstpreise pl

rock bun, rock cake

n → ˜ Rosinenhäufchen nt

rock carving

n → Felszeichnung f; (= writing) → Felsschrift f; (= action) → Ritzen nt → in Fels

rock club

n → Rockklub m, → Rockschuppen m (inf)

rock

rock plant

n → Steinpflanze f

rock pool

n Wasserlache, die sich bei Ebbe zwischen Felsen bildet

rockrose

n → Sonnenröschen nt

rock salt

n → Steinsalz nt

rock

(large mass) → Fels(en) m; (= boulder also) → Felsbrocken m; (smaller) → (großer) Stein; the Rock (of Gibraltar) → der Felsen von Gibraltar; on the Rock (inf) → in Gibraltar; to be caught between a rock and a hard place (fig) → in der Klemme stecken or sitzen; as solid as a rock (structure) → massiv wie ein Fels; firm, marriage → unerschütterlich wie ein Fels; the ship went on the rocks → das Schiff lief (auf die Felsen) auf; on the rocks (inf: = with ice) → mit Eis; (marriage etc) → kaputt (inf); (= broke) → bankrott; “danger, falling rocks” → „Steinschlaggefahr“

(inf: = diamond) → Diamant m; rocks (= jewels) → Klunker pl (inf)

no pl (Brit: = sweet) → Zuckerstange f

to get one’s rocks off (sl) → seinen Spaß haben (inf)

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

rock¹

(rok) noun

1. (a large lump or mass of) the solid parts of the surface of the Earth. The ship struck a rock and sank; the rocks on the seashore; He built his house on solid rock.

2. a large stone. The climber was killed by a falling rock.

3. a type of hard sweet made in sticks. a stick of Edinburgh rock.

ˈrockery – plural ˈrockeries – noun

a heap of rocks in a garden with earth between them in which small plants are grown.

ˈrocky adjective

a rocky coastline.

ˈrockiness nounˌrock-ˈbottom noun, adjective

(at) the lowest level possible. Prices have reached rock-bottom; rock-bottom prices.

ˈrock-garden noun

a rockery.

ˈrock-plant noun

any plant which grows among rocks eg on mountains, often also grown in rockeries.

on the rocks

in a state of ruin or of great financial difficulty. Their marriage is on the rocks; The firm is on the rocks.

rock²

(rok) verb

1. to (cause to) swing gently backwards and forwards or from side to side. The mother rocked the cradle; This cradle rocks.

2. to swing (a baby) gently in one’s arms to comfort it or make it sleep.

3. to shake or move violently. The earthquake rocked the building.

ˈrocker noun

1. one of usually two curved supports on which a cradle, rocking-chair etc rocks.

2. a rocking-chair.

ˈrocky adjective

which rocks or shakes; unsteady; unsafe.

ˈrockiness nounˈrocking-chair noun

a chair which rocks backwards and forwards on rockers.

ˈrocking-horse noun

a toy horse which rocks backwards and forwards on rockers.

off one’s rocker

mad; crazy.

rock³

(rok) noun

(also rock music) music or songs with a strong, heavy beat and usually a simple melody. She likes rock; (also adjective) a rock band.

ˌrock’n’ˈroll noun

(also ˌrock-and-ˈroll) a simpler, earlier form of rock music.

rock

→ صَخْر, صَخْرَة, يَتَأَرْجَحُ houpat se, kámen, skála klippe, rokke, sten Gestein, schaukeln, Stein βράχος, κουνώ mecer, piedra, roca keinua, kivi roche, rocher, se balancer kamen, ljuljati cullare, roccia, sasso 岩, 揺れる, 石 바위, 암석, 앞뒤(좌우)로 흔들다 rots, schommelen, steen rock, rocke, stein kamień, skała, zakołysać się balançar, baloiçar, pedra, rocha камень, качаться, скала gunga, sten โยก แกว่ง เขย่า, หิน kaya, sallamak, taş đá, đu đưa 岩石, 摇摆, 石块

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009

Источник

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

(General Australian) /ɹɔk/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɹɒk/
(General American) enPR: rŏk, IPA^(key): /ɹɑk/
Homophones: roc, rawk
Rhymes: -ɒk

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English rocke, rokke (“rock formation”), from Old English *rocc (“rock”), as in Old English stānrocc (“high stone rock, peak, obelisk”), and also later from Anglo-Norman roque, (compare Modern French roc, roche, rocher), from Medieval Latin rocca (attested 767), of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be of Celtic (in particular, perhaps Gaulish) origin (compare Breton roc’h).^[1]

Noun[edit]

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

Solid mineral aggregate.

A boulder.

A yellow diamond.

Several rocks of crack cocaine.

A formation of minerals, specifically:
1. (uncountable) The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth’s crust.
  - 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28:
    
    Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. […] Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
  The face of the cliff is solid rock.
2. A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water.
  
  The ship crashed on the rocks.
3. (chiefly British) A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble.
  
  Some fool has thrown a rock through my window.
4. (geology) Any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals.
5. (slang) A precious stone or gem, especially a diamond.
  
  Look at the size of that rock on her finger!
A large hill or island having no vegetation.

Pearl Rock near Cape Cod is so named because the morning sun makes it gleam like a pearl.
(figuratively) Something that is strong, stable, and dependable; a person who provides security or support to another.
- 1991, Robert Harling and Andrew Bergman, Soapdish, Paramount Pictures,
  
  Celeste Talbert: She is my rock, my right hand.
A lump or cube of ice.

I’ll have a whisky on the rocks, please.
(Britain, uncountable) A type of confectionery made from sugar in the shape of a stick, traditionally having some text running through its length.

While we’re in Brighton, let’s get a stick of rock!
(US, slang) A crystallized lump of crack cocaine.

Synonyms: crack rock, candy
- 1995, “Dear Mama”, in Me Against the World, performed by 2Pac:
  
  I ain’t guilty, ‘cause even though I sell rocks / It feels good puttin’ money in your mailbox
- 2014, Russell Brand, “Prologue”, in Revolution, →ISBN, page xiii:
  
  When I necked five-quid bottles of vodka, I did not read the label. When I scored rocks and bags off tumbleweed hobos blowing through the no-man’s-land of Hackney estates, I conducted no litmus test.
(US, slang) An unintelligent person, especially one who repeats mistakes.
(South Africa, slang, derogatory) An Afrikaner.
(US poker slang) An extremely conservative player who is willing to play only the very strongest hands.
Any of several fish:
1. The striped bass.
2. The huss or rock salmon.
  
  We ordered rock and chips to take away.
(US, basketball, slang) A basketball.

Yo homie, pass the rock!
- 2021 July 14, A. A. Dowd, “Space Jam: A New Legacy is one big, witless commercial for Warner Bros. properties”, in The A.V. Club‎^[1]:
  
  It [the original Space Jam limped to 88 minutes with detours into Jordan’s swanky mansion and forced its cartoon cavalry to compete for screen time against Wayne Knight and a bunch of basketball players who delivered their lines much less confidently than they put the rock through the net.
(US, baseball, slang) A mistake.
- 2014, Joe Morgan, Richard Lally, Baseball For Dummies (page 227)
  
  Now, you should never make the last out of an inning at third, and when a player does it, everyone knows he pulled a rock.
(curling) Synonym of stone.
(rock paper scissors) A closed hand (a handshape resembling a rock), that beats scissors and loses to paper. It beats lizard and loses to Spock in rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock.
(informal, cricket) A cricket ball, especially a new one that has not been softened by use
(CB radio slang) A crystal used to control the radio frequency.
- 1980, Joseph J. Carr, The Complete Handbook of Radio Receivers (page 199)
  
  It was easily possible to double the cost of a CB rig just by adding all of the «rocks» necessary to do the job.

Synonyms[edit]

(natural mineral aggregate): stone
(projecting mass of rock): cliff
(boulder or large stone): boulder, pebble, stone
(something strong, stable, and dependable): foundation, support
(precious stone or gem): gem, diamond
(lump of ice): ice, ice cube
(crystallized lump of crack cocaine): crack
(Afrikaner): Afrikaner
bedrock

Hyponyms[edit]

(geology): country rock, ingenious rock

Derived terms[edit]

alum rock, Alum Rock
Ayers Rock
azoic rock
bedrock
between a rock and a hard place
Black Rock
Blackhall Rocks
cap rock
Carvel Rock
Castle Rock, Castlerock
Chimney Rock
cock of the rock (Rupicolinae spp.)
duck on a rock
dumb as a box of rocks
dumb as rocks
Edinburgh rock
Farallon Rock
Flat Rock
get one’s rocks off
hit the rock, hit the rocks
Little Rock
Long Rock, Longrock
mantle rock
metamorphic rock
on the rocks
Paint Rock
Plymouth Rock
Red Rock
rock ape (Macaca sylvanus)
rock armour, rock armor
rock badger (Procavia capensis)
rock barnacle (Semibalanus balanoides)
rock bass (Ambloplites spp.)
rock blenny (Xiphister mucosus)
rock borer (Hiatella spp.)
rock bottom
rock brake
rock broom (Genista sagittalis subsp. delphinensis)
rock bun, rockbun
rock bunting (Emberiza cia)
rock bush quail (Perdicula argoondah)
rock butter
rock cake
rock candy
rock catchfly (Silene caroliniana)
rock catfish (Austroglanis sclateri)
rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris)
rock cedar (Juniperus ashei)
rock centaury (Centaurium beyrichii)
rock chestnut oak (Quercus prinus)
rock chuck (Marmota flaviventris)
rock climber
rock climbing
rock club moss (Selaginella rupestris)
rock cocaine
rock cock (Rupicola rupicola, Rupicola peruviana)
rock cockle (Leukoma staminea)
rock cod (Lotella rhacina)
rock conure (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock cork
rock cormorant (Phalacrocorax magellanicus)
Rock County
rock crab
rock cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)
rock crawler (Grylloblattidae)
Rock Creek
rock crystal
rock cycle
rock dassie (Procavia capensis)
rock dormouse (Graphiurus platyops)
rock dots, röck döts
rock dove (Columba livia)
rock drill
rock duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)
rock dust
rock eagle-owl (Bubo bengalensis)
rock eel (Pholidae spp; Xiphister mucosus)
rock elegant (Neophema petrophila)
rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
Rock English
rock face
rock falcon
Rock Falls
rock fern
Rock Ferry
rock firefinch (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis)
rock flour
rock flower (Crossosoma)
rock frog
rock garden
rock geranium (Heuchera spp.)
rock glacier
rock goat (Capra spp.)
rock goby (Gobius paganellus)
rock goldenrod (Solidago pumila)
rock goose (Chloephaga hybrida)
rock greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus)
rock grouper (Mycteroperca venenosa)
rock grouse
rock guenon (Erythrocebus patas)
rock gunnel (Pholis gunnellus)
rock hare (Pronolagus)
rock hawk (Falco columbarius)
rock hind (Epinephelus adscensionis)
rock horned lizard (Phrynosoma ditmarsi)
rock hound
rock hyrax (Procavia capensis)
rock iguana (Cyclura)
Rock Island
rock jasmine (Androsace)
rock kangaroo (Petrogale spp.)
rock kelp (Fucales spp.)
rock kestrel (Falco rupicolus)
rock lark (Anthus petrosus)
rock larkspur (Delphinium tricorne)
rock lily
rock lizard
rock lobster (Palinuridae)
rock louse (Deto marina)
rock manakin (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock maple (Acer saccharum)
rock martin (Ptyonoprogne fuligula)
rock mechanics
rock milk
rock moss (Ochrolechia tartarea)
rock mouse (Petromyscus collinus)
Rock of Ages
Rock of Gibraltar
rock oil
rock opossum (Petrogale xanthopus)
rock ousel (Turdus torquatus)
rock oyster (Saccostrea spp.)
rock paper scissors
rock parakeet (Pyrrhura rupicola)
rock parrot (Neophema petrophila)
rock partridge (Alectoris graeca)
rock penstemon (Penstemon rupicola)
rock peppler (Polytelis anthopeplus)
rock petronia (Petronia petronia)
rock pigeon (Columba livia)
rock pine (Orostachys japonica)
rock pink (Talinum calycinum)
rock pipit (Anthus petrosus)
rock plant (lithophyte)
rock plover
rock pocket mouse (Chaetodipus intermedius)
rock polypody (Polypodium virgianum)
Rock Port
rock pratincole (Glareola nuchalis)
rock prickleback (Xiphister mucosus)
rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta)
rock purslane (Calandrinia)
rock python (Python spp.)
rock rabbit (Procavia capensis)
Rock Rapids
rock rat (Petromys typicus)
rock rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.)
rock ringtail possum (Petropseudes dahli)
rock salmon
rock salt
rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum)
rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis)
rock sandwort (Arenaria stricta)
rock saxifrage (Saxifraga virginiensis)
rock scorpion
rock sea bass (Centropristis philadelphica)
rock sea lavender (Limonium binervosum)
rock seal (Phoca vitulina)
rock sequence
rock shag (Phalacrocorax magellanicus)
rock shandy
rock shed
rock shell (Muricidae spp.)
rock shelter
rock shrike (Monticola spp.)
rock shrimp (Sicyonia spp.)
rock skipper (Staurois latopalmatus)
rock slide
rock snail (Codringtonia codringtonii)
rock snake
rock snipe (Calidris maritima)
rock snot (Didymosphenia geminata)
rock soap
rock soapwort (Saponaria ocymoides)
rock sparrow (Petronia petronia)
rock spider
rock spikemoss (Selaginella rupestris)
rock spiraea (Holodiscus spp.)
rock squirrel (Otospermophilus variegatus)
rock starling (Turdus torquatus)
rock sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)
rock sugar
rock sunfish (Ambloplites rupestris)
rock swallow (esp. Ptyonoprogne rupestris)
rock tapaculo (Scytalopus petrophilus)
rock tar
rock thrush (Monticola saxatilis)
rock tripe (Umbilicaria)
rock trout (Hexagrammos decagrammus)
rock varnish
rock violet (Trentepohlia iolithus)
rock vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus)
rock wallaby (Petrogale spp.)
rock whiting (Odacidae spp.)
rock wool
rock wren
rock-alum
rock-bound, rockbound
rock-dumb
rock-hard
rock-jumper, rockjumper (Chaetops spp.)
rock-ribbed
rock-solid
rock-steady
rockburst
rockcress (Brassicaceae: Arabis, Arabidopsis, Boechera spp.)
rockcrusher
rockery
rockfall, rock fall
rockfill
rockfish
rockfowl (Picathartes spp.)
rockhopper, rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes spp.)
rockish
rockless
rocklike
rockling
rockmelon (Cucumis melo subsp. reticulatus)
rockness
rockpile
rockrose
rockscape
Rocksprings
rockstar
rocksucker (Petromyzontidae)
Rockwall
rockwarbler (Origma solitaria)
rockweed (Silvetia spp.)
rockwood
rockwork
rocky
Round Rock
Saba Rock
see rocks ahead
Soldado Rock
solid as a rock
steady as a rock
sunken rock
Tarpeian Rock
The Rock
the Rock

Translations[edit]

natural mineral aggregate

Abkhaz: ахра (axra)
Afrikaans: rots
Aghwan: 𐕇𐕒𐕡𐔽 (x̣uˁ)
Apache:

Jicarilla: tsé

Western Apache: tsé
Arabic: صَخْرَة‎ f (ṣaḵra)

Egyptian Arabic: حجر‎ m (ḥagar)
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: քար (hy) (kʿar), ապար (hy) (apar)
Avar: гамачӏ (gamačʼ)
Azerbaijani: daş (az)
Bashkir: таш (taş)
Brunei Malay: batu
Bulgarian: скала (bg) (skala), камък (bg) (kamǎk)
Catalan: quer (ca) m, roc (ca) m, roca (ca) f, pedra (ca) f
Catawba: iti, inti
Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵇⵛⵎⵉⵔ m (aqšmir)
Central Melanau: batou
Chechen: тарх (tarx)
Cherokee: ᏅᏯ (nvya)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: sten (da) c
Dena’ina: qanłnigi, qałnigi
Dogrib: kwe
Dutch: steen (nl) m, rots (nl) f, gesteente (nl) n, vels m
Eastern Bontoc: fiato
Emilian: sâs
Esperanto: roko
Faroese: grót n
Finnish: kivi (fi)
French: roche (fr) f, roc (fr) m, pierre (fr) f
Galician: rocha (gl) f
Georgian: ქანი (ka) (kani)
German: Fels (de) m, Gestein (de) n
Greek: πέτρα (el) f (pétra)

Ancient: λίθος m (líthos), πέτρα f (pétra)
Gujarati: ખડક (gu) (khaḍak)
Hawaiian: pōhaku
Hebrew: סֶלַע‎ (he) m (séla’), אֶבֶן‎ (he) f (éven)
Higaonon: bato
Hungarian: kő (hu)
Ilocano: bato
Indonesian: bebatuan (id)
Interlingua: rocca
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Istriot: sasso m
Italian: roccia (it) f
Jamaican Creole: rock stone
Japanese: 岩石 (ja) (ganseki), 岩 (ja) (iwa)
Khmer: ថ្ម (km) (tmor)
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, silex (la) m
Latvian: ieži m pl
Lombard: sass m
Lubuagan Kalinga: betu, patungaw
Macedonian: камен m (kamen)
Malagasy: vato (mg)
Malay: batu (ms), sakhrat
Maltese: ġebla f
Manx: carrick f
Maori: kāmaka, kōhatu, kōwhatu
Marathi: खडक m (khaḍak)
Mauritian Creole: ros
Mizo: lung
Mongolian: хад (xad)
Navajo: tsé
Norwegian:

Bokmål: stein (no) m, berg (no) n

Nynorsk: stein (no) m, berg (no) n
Occitan: ròcha (oc) f
Ojibwe: asin
Old English: stān m
Ossetian: къӕдзӕх (k’æʒæx)
Ottoman Turkish: جندل‎ (cendel)
Persian: تخته سنگ‎ (fa) (taxta-e sang)
Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤍‎ (ʾbn)
Polish: skała (pl) f
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f, pedra (pt) f
Quechua: rumi
Romanian: stâncă (ro), rocă (ro)
Russian: (го́рная) поро́да f ((górnaja) poróda)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f
Serbo-Croatian: stena (sh), kamen (sh), kamenica (sh), skala (sh), stijena (sh) f
Seychellois Creole: ros
Slovak: skala f
Slovene: skala (sl) f, kamen (sl) m
Southern Kalinga: fatu
Spanish: piedra (es) f, roca (es) f
Swedish: berg (sv) n, sten (sv) c
Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠟ (hil)
Tagalog: bato (tl)
Tibetan: རྡོ (rdo)
Tigrinya: ከውሒ (käwḥi)
Tocharian B: kärweñe
Tuvan: даш (daş)
Tuwali Ifugao: bat’u
Unami: ahsën
Vietnamese: đá (vi)
Volapük: klif (vo)
Votic: tšivi
Welsh: craig
West Coast Bajau: please add this translation if you can

mass of projecting rock

Arabic: صَخْرَة‎ f (ṣaḵra)
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: ժայռ (hy) (žayṙ)
Bashkir: ҡая (qaya)
Bulgarian: скала́ (bg) (skalá)
Catalan: roc (ca) m, roca (ca) f, pedra (ca) f, penya (ca) f
Chinese:

Mandarin: 石頭／石头 (zh) (shítóu)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: klif (nl), rots (nl)
Faroese: klettur m
Finnish: kivi (fi), kallio (fi) (from the ground), kari (fi), luoto (fi), kivi (fi) (from water)
French: rocher (fr) m
Galician: roca (gl) f, penedo (gl) m, con (gl) m
German: Felsen (de) m, Fels (de) m, Klippe (de) f
Greek: βράχος (el) m (vráchos)

Ancient Greek: πέτρα f (pétra)
Greenlandic: qaqqaq
Hawaiian: pōhaku
Hungarian: szikla (hu)
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Italian: roccia (it) f
Japanese: 岩 (ja) (iwa), 岩石 (ja) (ganseki)
Korean: 바위 (ko) (bawi)
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, silex (la) m
Latvian: klints f
Lithuanian: uola f
Macedonian: карпа (karpa)
Maori: kāmaka, kōhatu, kōwhatu
Marathi: सुळका m (suḷkā)
Mizo: lung, lungpui, lung
Mòcheno: knott m
Norman: rotchi m
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Ottoman Turkish: حشفه‎ (haşefe) (from the sea)
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f
Quechua: qaqa
Russian: скала́ (ru) f (skalá), утёс (ru) m (utjós)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f, carraig f
Serbo-Croatian: stijena (sh) f
Slovene: skala (sl) f
Spanish: roca (es) f, peñasco (es) m
Swahili: mwamba (sw) class 3/4
Swedish: klippa (sv) c
Tagalog: dakbato
Ukrainian: ске́ля f (skélja)

large stone or boulder

Abkhaz: ахра (axra)
Afrikaans: rots
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Armenian: քար (hy) (kʿar), վեմ (hy) (vem)
Avar: кьуру (kkˡʼuru)
Bashkir: таш (taş)
Bulgarian: скала́ (bg) (skalá)
Catalan: quer (ca) m, roca (ca) f
Chechen: please add this translation if you can
Czech: kámen (cs) m, balvan (cs) m
Danish: kampesten (da) c, stenblok n
Dena’ina: qałnigi
Dutch: rots (nl)
Finnish: kivi (fi), kivenlohkare (fi), lohkare (fi)
French: rocher (fr) m, roc (fr) m
Galician: roca (gl) f, pena (gl) f
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: Felsbrocken (de) m, Felsblock (de) m, (erratic) Findling (de) m, Fels (de) m
Greek:

Ancient: πέτρα f (pétra)
Hebrew: סֶלַע‎ (he) m (séla’)
Hungarian: szikla (hu)
Irish: carraig (ga) f
Italian: roccia (it) f
Japanese: 石 (ja) (ishi)
Khmer: ថ្ម (km) (tmor)
Latin: saxum (la) n, silex (la) m, rupes f
Latvian: laukakmens m
Macedonian: карпа (karpa)
Malay: batu (ms)
Mizo: lung, lungtum
Mongolian: хад (mn) (xad)
Mòcheno: knott m
Norman: rotchi m (Jersey)
Norwegian: kampestein m
Ojibwe: asin
Old English: carr m, clifstān m
Ossetian: дур (dur)
Ottoman Turkish: قیا‎ (kaya)
Polish: skała (pl) f, głaz (pl) m
Portuguese: rocha (pt) f
Romanian: stană (ro) f
Russian: ка́мень (ru) m (kámenʹ), валу́н (ru) m (valún)
Scottish Gaelic: creag f, carraig f
Serbo-Croatian: стена f, stena (sh) f, stijena (sh) f
Slovak: skala f
Slovene: skala (sl) f, kamen (sl) m
Spanish: peña (es) f
Swedish: klippblock n, stenblock (sv) n
Tagalog: bato (tl), dakbato
Tibetan: རྡོ (rdo)
Tuvan: please add this translation if you can
Ukrainian: ка́мінь (uk) m (káminʹ), каменю́ка f (kamenjúka)

(US) smaller stone; pebble — see pebble

hill or island without vegetation

Catalan: roc (ca) m
Czech: útes (cs) m
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: rots (nl)
Finnish: kallio (fi) (hill), luoto (fi) (island)
German: Klippe (de) f, Felsen (de) m, Schäre (de) f
Latin: saxum (la) n, rupes f, scopulus m
Latvian: klints f
Mizo: pialtlêp, pialhmun
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Portuguese: rochedo (pt) m
Russian: скала́ (ru) f (skalá), утёс (ru) m (utjós)
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: стена

Roman: stena (sh)
Swedish: skär (sv) n (island)
Tagalog: bato (tl)

something strong, stable, and dependable

Afrikaans: rots
Aramaic:

Hebrew: כאפא‎ f (ke’pā’)

Syriac: ܟܐܦܐ‎ f (ke’pā’)
Bulgarian: опора (bg) f (opora)
Czech: skála (cs) f
Danish: klippe (da) c
Dutch: steen (nl)
Finnish: kallio (fi)
German: Fels (de) m, Fels in der Brandung m
Hebrew: צוּר‎ (he) m (tzur)
Maori: iho
Norwegian: klippe (no) m
Polish: opoka f, skała (pl) f
Russian: опо́ра (ru) f (opóra), фундаме́нт (ru) m (fundamént)
Swedish: klippa (sv) c

precious stone or gem

Bulgarian: камък (bg) m (kamǎk)
Catalan: pedra preciosa f, pedra (ca) f
Czech: drahokam (cs) m
Danish: ædelsten c (generally)
Finnish: kivi (fi)
French: caillou (fr), diam (fr) m (diamond)
German: Klunker (de) m
Greek: πέτρα (el) f (pétra), πολύτιμος λίθος (el) m (polýtimos líthos)
Latin: lapis (la), lapis (la) m, saxum (la) n
Norwegian: edelstein (no) m
Polish: kamień szlachetny (pl) m
Portuguese: pedra (pt) f
Russian: (драгоце́нный) ка́мень m ((dragocénnyj) kámenʹ)
Spanish: piedra preciosa (es) f, piedra (es) f
Swedish: ädelsten (sv) c (generally), diamant (sv) c (especially)
Ukrainian: (дорогоці́нний) ка́мінь (uk) m (káminʹ)

lump of ice

Danish: isklump c
Finnish: jääpala (fi), jäät (fi) pl, jääkuutio
Norwegian: isbit m
Portuguese: cubo de gelo m, cubo (pt) m
Russian: (on the rocks) со льдом (so lʹdom)
Swedish: isbit (sv) c

confectionery made from sugar

Bulgarian: твърд бонбон m (tvǎrd bonbon)
Czech: cukrkandl m
Danish: bolsje n
Dutch: kandij (nl), suikerstok
Finnish: tikkunekku (fi)
French: sucre d’orge (fr)
German: Kandiszucker (de) m, Zuckerstange (de) f
Norwegian: kandissukker m
Russian: ледене́ц (ru) m (ledenéc), караме́ль (ru) f (karamélʹ)
Swedish: polkagris (sv) c (approximately)

derogative: Afrikaner (for non-derogative terms, see Afrikaner)

Translations to be checked

Georgian: ^{(please verify)} კლდე (ka) (ḳlde), ^{(please verify)} ქვა (kva), ^{(please verify)} ქარაფი (karapi)
Italian: (1,2) ^{(please verify)} roccia (it) f, (2) ^{(please verify)} pietra (it) f, (3) ^{(please verify)} sasso (it) m, (4) ^{(please verify)} masso (it) m, (5) ^{(please verify)} scoglio (it) m
Mongolian: ^{(please verify)} чулуу (mn) (čuluu)
Norman: ^{(please verify)} greune f (Jersey)
Spanish: (1,2) ^{(please verify)} peña (es) f, (1,2) ^{(please verify)} roca (es) f
Swahili: (2) ^{(please verify)} jiwe (sw) class 5/6 pl (1,2)

References[edit]

^ Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “rock”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English rokken, from Old English roccian, from Proto-West Germanic *rokkōn, from Proto-Germanic *rukkōną (compare obsolete Dutch rokken, Middle High German rocken (“to drag, jerk”), Modern German rücken (“to move, shift”), Icelandic rukka (“to yank”)), from Proto-Germanic *rugnōną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ruk-néh₂, from *h₃rewk-, *h₃runk- (compare Latin runcāre (“to weed”), Latvian rũķēt (“to toss, dig”)).

Verb[edit]

rock (third-person singular simple present rocks, present participle rocking, simple past and past participle rocked)

(transitive and intransitive) To move gently back and forth.
Rock the baby to sleep.

The empty swing rocked back and forth in the wind.
(transitive) To cause to shake or sway violently.
- A rising earthquake rocked the ground.
Don’t rock the boat.
(intransitive) To sway or tilt violently back and forth.

The boat rocked at anchor.
(transitive and intransitive, of ore etc.) To be washed and panned in a cradle or in a rocker.

The ores had been rocked and laid out for inspection.
(transitive) To disturb the emotional equilibrium of; to distress; to greatly impact (most often positively).

Downing Street has been rocked by yet another sex scandal.

She rocked my world.
(intransitive) To do well or to be operating at high efficiency.
- 2012 April 24, Phil Dawkes, “Barcelona 2-2 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:
  
  The Blues’ challenge had been rocking at that point, with Terry’s centre-back partner Gary Cahill lost to injury and Barca having just levelled the tie through Busquets’s neat, close-range finish from Isaac Cuenca’s pull-back.
(intransitive, stative) to be cool.

That band rocks!
(slang, transitive, euphemistic) to make love to or have sex with.
- 1973, Noddy Holder, Jim Lea (lyrics and music), “Cum On Feel the Noize”, performed by Slade:
  
  Cum on feel the noize, girls, rock your boys.
- 1974, Andy Kim (lyrics and music), “Rock Me Gently”:
  
  Rock me gently, rock me slowly, take it easy, don’t you know, that I have never been loved like this before.
- 1974, Harry Wayne Casey, Richard Finch (lyrics and music), “Rock Your Baby”, performed by George McCrae:
  
  Open up your heart / And let the loving start / Oh, woman, take me in your arms / Rock your baby.
(intransitive) To sway one’s body as a stim.

Synonyms[edit]

(move gently back and forth): waver; see also Thesaurus:sway
(cause to shake violently): agitate, trouble
(sway violently back and forth): judder; see also Thesaurus:shake
(do well): cook with gas, flourish
(be good): rules
(have sex with): go to bed with, hit, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

Derived terms[edit]

rock along
rock and roll, rock ‘n’ roll
rock on
rock out
rock the boat
rock the house
rock up
rock with laughter
rock-a-bye
rocker
rocking
rocky
the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world

Translations[edit]

move gently back and forth

Afrikaans: wieg
Armenian: please add this translation if you can
Aromanian: leagãn
Azerbaijani: yırğalanmaq
Basque: please add this translation if you can
Bulgarian: люлея (bg) (ljuleja)
Czech: kolébat impf
Danish: gynge (da), vugge (da) (baby)
Dutch: wiegen (nl)
Esperanto: balanci
Finnish: (tr.) keinuttaa (fi), (intr.) keinua (fi)
French: remuer (fr), (babies) bercer (fr)
Galician: abalar (gl), abanar (gl), abaloucar
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: schwanken (de), schaukeln (de), (baby) wiegen (de)
Ido: baskuligar (io)
Italian: cullare (it), ondeggiare (it), trastullare (it)
Khmer: យោល (km) (yool, youl)
Latvian: šūpot (transitive), aijāt (an infant; transitive), šūpoties (reflexive)
Macedonian: лулеам (luleam)
Maori: whakapīoioi
Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
Norwegian: gynge

Bokmål: vugge (no)
Portuguese: embalar (pt), balançar (pt)
Romanian: legăna (ro)
Russian: кача́ть (ru) impf (kačátʹ), кача́ться (ru) impf (kačátʹsja) (intransitive), (rock to sleep) ука́чивать (ru) impf (ukáčivatʹ), баю́кать (ru) impf (bajúkatʹ)
Serbo-Croatian: ljuljati (sh), klackati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Spanish: mecer (es), acunar (es)
Swedish: gunga (sv), vagga (sv) (baby), vyssja (sv) (baby)
Thai: please add this translation if you can
Turkish: sallamak (tr), sallanmak (tr) (passive)
Ukrainian: кача́ти (kačáty), кача́тися (kačátysja)
Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can

cause to shake or sway violently

Afrikaans: skud
Bulgarian: клатя (bg) (klatja)
Czech: rozkolébávat impf, rozkolébat pf
Danish: ryste (da)
Dutch: schudden (nl)
Finnish: keikuttaa
French: secouer (fr), (boat) faire tanguer
Galician: sacudir (gl), abalar (gl)
Latvian: sašūpināt
Maori: whakatāhurihuri (as to a boat), whakatāhurihuri, whakapīoioi
Norwegian: riste (no)
Portuguese: balançar (pt), abalar (pt)
Russian: кача́ть (ru) impf (kačátʹ), раска́чивать (ru) impf (raskáčivatʹ)
Serbo-Croatian: drmati (sh), uzdrmati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Swedish: skaka (sv)
Ukrainian: кача́ти (kačáty)

sway or tilt violently back and forth

Afrikaans: waggel
Bulgarian: клатя се (klatja se)
Czech: naklánět impf, vyklánět impf
Danish: gynge (da), krænge (vehicle)
Dutch: schommelen (nl), waggelen (nl)
Finnish: keikkua (fi)
German: schaukeln (de), (nautical) stampfen (de)
Italian: cullare (it)
Latvian: šūpoties
Maori: tāhurihuri (refers to a boat), tāhurihuri, pīoioi
Norwegian: gynge
Portuguese: balançar (pt), abalar (pt)
Russian: кача́ться (ru) impf (kačátʹsja), раска́чиваться (ru) impf (raskáčivatʹsja)
Serbo-Croatian: drmati (sh)
Slovene: zibati (sl)
Swedish: kränga (sv) (vehicle)
Turkish: sallanmak (tr) (vehicle)
Ukrainian: кача́тися (kačátysja)

disturb the mental or emotional equilibrium

Translations to be checked

Interlingua: (1) ^{(please verify)} sonar rock , (2) ^{(please verify)} exceller, ^{(please verify)} balanciar se , ^{(please verify)} oscillar, (3) ^{(please verify)} vacillar
Interlingua: (2) ^{(please verify)} balanciar, (a baby in a cradle; 2) ^{(please verify)} cunar
Tupinambá: ^{(please verify)} bibi

Noun[edit]

rock (plural rocks)

An act of rocking; a rocking motion; a sway.

Translations[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Shortened from rock and roll. Since the meaning of rock has adapted to mean a simpler, more modern, metal-like genre, rock and roll has generally been left referring to earlier forms such as that of the 1950s, notably more swing-oriented style.

Noun[edit]

rock (uncountable)

A style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums, and vocals.

Hyponyms[edit]

acid rock
adult-oriented rock
alternative rock
Britrock
Celtic rock
Christian rock
cock rock
country rock
dadrock
deathrock
folk rock
glam rock
glitter rock
gothic rock
hard rock
J-rock
krautrock
light rock
mellow rock
nyacht rock
pop rock
progressive rock
punk rock
soft rock
space rock
stoner rock
technorock
yacht rock

Derived terms[edit]

post-rock
rock band
rock group
rock music
rock violin
rockabilly
rockathon
rockfest
rockish
rockism
rockumentary

Translations[edit]

style of music

Arabic: رُوك‎ m (rūk), رُوك‎ m (rok), مُوسِيقَى اَلرُّوك‎ f (mūsīqā r-rūk)
Armenian: ռոք (hy) (ṙokʿ)
Belarusian: рок m (rok)
Bengali: রক (bn) (rok), রক সঙ্গীত (rok śoṅgit)
Bulgarian: рок m (rok)
Catalan: rock (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 搖滾樂／摇滚乐 (zh) (yáogǔnyuè)
Czech: rock (cs) m
Danish: rock (da) c, rock’n’roll c
Dutch: rock (nl) m
Faroese: rokkur m
Finnish: rokki (fi), rock (fi)
French: rock (fr) m
Georgian: როკი (roḳi), როკ-მუსიკა (roḳ-musiḳa)
German: Rock (de) m
Greek: ροκ (el) n or f (rok)
Hebrew: רוֹק‎ (he) m (rok)
Hindi: रॉक संगीत m (rŏk saṅgīt), रॉक (rŏk)
Hungarian: rock (hu)
Interlingua: rock
Irish: rac-cheol
Italian: rock (it) m
Japanese: ロック (ja) (rokku)
Korean: 록 (ko) (rok)
Latvian: roks m
Lithuanian: rokas m
Malay: rok (ms)
Maori: puoro pīoioi, puoro rakatū
Polish: rock (pl) m
Portuguese: rock (pt) m
Russian: рок (ru) m (rok)
Serbo-Croatian:

Roman: rok (sh) m
Slovak: rock m, rok (sk) m
Slovene: rock (sl) m
Spanish: rock (es) m
Swedish: rock (sv) c, rock’n’roll c
Thai: ร็อก (rɔ́k)
Turkish: rock (tr)
Ukrainian: рок m (rok)
Welsh: roc m

Verb[edit]

rock (third-person singular simple present rocks, present participle rocking, simple past and past participle rocked)

(intransitive) To play, perform, or enjoy rock music, especially with a lot of skill or energy.

Let’s rock!
(intransitive, slang) To be very favourable or skilful; excel; be fantastic.

Synonym: rule

Antonyms: stink, suck

Chocolate rocks.

My holidays in Ibiza rocked! I can’t wait to go back.
(transitive) To thrill or excite, especially with rock music.

Let’s rock this joint!
(transitive) To do something with excitement yet skillfully.

I need to rock a piss.
(transitive) To wear (a piece of clothing, outfit etc.) successfully or with style; to carry off (a particular look, style).

Synonym: sport
- 2011 April 29, Tim Jonze, “Nerdy but nice”, in The Guardian‎^[2]:
  
  Take today, where she’s rocking that well-known fashion combo – a Tory Burch outfit offset with a whacking great bruise attained by smacking her head on a plane’s overhead lockers.
- 2012 May 8, “Rhianna dazzles at the Met Gala”, in The Sun newspaper‎^[3]:
  
  Rihanna was the pick of the best bunch, rocking a black backless crocodile dress from Tom Ford’s Autumn 2012 collection

[edit]

rock and roll

Translations[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

From Middle English rok, rocke, rokke, perhaps from Middle Dutch rocke (whence Dutch rokken), Middle Low German rocken, or Old Norse rokkr (whence Icelandic / Faroese rokkur, Danish rok, Swedish spinnrock (“spinning wheel”)). Cognate with Old High German rocko (“distaff”).

Noun[edit]

rock (countable and uncountable, plural rocks)

(countable) Distaff.
- 1899, T Frank Waters, The Development of Our Town Government:
  
  By order of the General Court in 1642, the «prudentiall» men of each town were instructed «to take care of such [children] as are sett to keep cattle be set to some other employment withal, as spinning upon the rock, knitting, weaving tape, etc., and that boys and girls be not suffered to converse together so as may occasion any wanton, dishonest or immodest behavior.
- 1902, Day Otis Kellogg, Thomas Spencer Baynes, William Robertson Smith, The Encyclopaedia Britannica, page 664:
  
  A prepared end of yarn being fixed into the notch, the spinster, by a smart rolling motion of the spindle with the right hand against the right leg, threw it out from her, spinning in the air, while, with the left hand, she drew from the rock an additional supply of fibre which was formed into a uniform and equal strand with the right.
- 1920, John Horner, The Linen Trade of Europe During the Spinning-wheel Period, page 32:
  
  It is true that in Ireland, even in recent years, the flax, before being placed on the rock or distaff, was tangled into a mass, or, as Cormmelin expresses it, “drawn out in a flat cake.”
(uncountable) The flax or wool on a distaff.

Translations[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Noun[edit]

rock (plural rocks)

Archaic form of roc (mythical bird)

Anagrams[edit]

Cork, Kroc, cork

Catalan[edit]