The definition of the word island

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Aerial image of Süderoog, a privately owned island belonging to the Halligen group of islands in Germany

An island or isle is a piece of subcontinental land completely surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, and a small island off the coast may be called a holm. Sedimentary islands in the Ganges Delta are called chars. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands, such as the Philippines, is referred to as an archipelago.

There are two main types of islands in the sea: continental islands and oceanic islands. There are also artificial islands (man-made islands).

There are about 900,000 official islands in the world. This number consists of all the officially-reported islands of each country. The total number of islands in the world is unknown. There may be hundreds of thousands of tiny islands that are unknown and uncounted.[1] The number of sea islands in the world is estimated to be more than 200,000. The total area of the world’s sea islands is approx. 9,963,000 sq km, which is similar to the area of Canada and accounts for roughly 1/15 (or 6.7%) of the total land area of Earth.[2]

Etymology

The word island derives from Middle English iland, from Old English igland (from ig or ieg, similarly meaning ‘island’ when used independently, and -land carrying its contemporary meaning; cf. Dutch eiland («island»), German Eiland («small island»)). However, the spelling of the word was modified in the 15th century because of a false etymology caused by an incorrect association with the etymologically unrelated Old French loanword isle, which itself comes from the Latin word insula.[3][4] Old English ieg is actually a cognate of Swedish ö and German Aue, and related to Latin aqua (water).[5]

Relationships with continents

Differentiation from continents

Dymaxion world map with the continental landmasses (Roman numerals) and 30 largest islands (Arabic numerals) roughly to scale

There is no standard of size that distinguishes islands from continents,[6] or from islets.[7]

There is a widely accepted difference between islands and continents in terms of geology.[8] Continents are often considered to be the largest landmass of a particular continental plate; this holds true for Australia, which sits on its own continental lithosphere and tectonic plate (the Australian Plate).[9]

By contrast, islands are usually seen as being extensions of the oceanic crust (e.g. volcanic islands), or as belonging to a continental plate containing a larger landmass (continental islands); the latter is the case of Greenland, which sits on the North American Plate.[10]

Continental islands

Continental islands are bodies of land that lie on the continental shelf of a continent.[11] Examples are Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Sakhalin, Taiwan and Hainan off Asia; New Guinea, Tasmania, and Kangaroo Island off Australia; Great Britain, Ireland, and Sicily off Europe; Greenland, Newfoundland, Long Island, and Sable Island off North America; and Barbados, the Falkland Islands, and Trinidad off South America.

Microcontinental islands

A special type of continental island is the microcontinental island, which is created when a continent is horizontally displaced or rifted[12][13] Examples are Madagascar and Socotra off Africa, New Caledonia, New Zealand, and some of the Seychelles.[13]

Subcontinental islands

A lake such as Wollaston Lake drains in two different directions, thus creating an island. If this island has a seashore as well as being encircled by two river systems, it becomes what might be called a subcontinental island. The one formed by Wollaston Lake is very large, about 2,000,000 km2 (770,000 sq mi).[14]

Bars

Another subtype is an island or bar formed by deposition of tiny rocks where water current loses some of its carrying capacity. This includes:

  • barrier islands, which are accumulations of sand deposited by sea currents on the continental shelves[15][16]
  • fluvial or alluvial islands formed in river deltas or midstream within large rivers. While some are transitory and may disappear if the volume or speed of the current changes, others are stable and long-lived.[17]

Oceanic islands

Tectonic versus volcanic

Oceanic islands are typically considered to be islands that do not sit on continental shelves. Other definitions limit the term to only refer to islands with no past geological connections to a continental landmass.[18] The vast majority are volcanic in origin, such as Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean.[19] The few oceanic islands that are not volcanic are tectonic in origin and arise where plate movements have lifted up the ocean floor above the surface. Examples are the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean and Macquarie Island in the South Pacific Ocean.

Volcanic islands

Arcs

One type of volcanic oceanic island is found in a volcanic island arc. These islands arise from volcanoes where the subduction of one plate under another is occurring. Examples are the Aleutian Islands, the Mariana Islands, and most of Tonga in the Pacific Ocean.[20][21] The only examples in the Atlantic Ocean are some of the Lesser Antilles and the South Sandwich Islands.

Oceanic rifts

Another type of volcanic oceanic island occurs where an oceanic rift reaches the surface. There are two examples: Iceland, which is the world’s second-largest volcanic island, and Jan Mayen. Both islands are in the Atlantic Ocean.

Hotspots

A third type of volcanic oceanic island is formed over volcanic hotspots. A hotspot is more or less stationary relative to the moving tectonic plate above it, so a chain of islands results as the plate drifts. Over long periods of time, this type of island is eventually «drowned» by isostatic adjustment and eroded, becoming a seamount.[22] Plate movement across a hot-spot produces a line of islands oriented in the direction of the plate movement. An example is the Hawaiian Islands, from Hawaii to Kure, which continue beneath the sea surface in a more northerly direction as the Emperor Seamounts. Another chain with similar orientation is the Tuamotu Archipelago; its older, northerly trend is the Line Islands. The southernmost chain is the Austral Islands, with its northerly trending part the atolls in the nation of Tuvalu. Tristan da Cunha is an example of a hotspot volcano in the Atlantic Ocean.[23] Another hotspot in the Atlantic is the island of Surtsey, which was formed in 1963.[24]

Atolls

An atoll is an island formed from a coral reef that has grown on an eroded and submerged volcanic island. The reef rises to the surface of the water and forms a new island. Atolls are typically ring-shaped with a central lagoon. Examples are the Line Islands in the Pacific Ocean and Maldives in the Indian Ocean.[25]

Tropical islands

Approximately 45,000 tropical islands with an area of at least 5 hectares (12 acres) exist.[26] Examples formed from coral reefs include Maldives, Tonga, Samoa, Nauru, and Polynesia.[26] Granite islands include Seychelles[27] and Tioman.

The socio-economic diversity of tropical islands ranges from the Stone Age societies in the interior of North Sentinel, Madagascar, Borneo, and Papua New Guinea to the high-tech lifestyles of the city-islands of Singapore and Hong Kong.[28] International tourism is a significant factor in the economy of many tropical islands including Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Réunion, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Maldives.

De-islanding

The process of de-islandisation is often concerning bridging, but there are other forms of linkages such as causeways: fixed transport links across narrow necks of water, some of which are only operative at low tides (e.g. that connecting Cornwall’s St Michael’s Mount to the peninsular mainland) while others (such as the Canso Causeway connecting Cape Breton to the Nova Scotia mainland), are usable all-year-round (aside from interruptions during storm surge periods).[29][30]

Some places may retain «island» in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a land bridge or landfill, such as Coney Island and Coronado Island, though these are, strictly speaking, tied islands.[30] Conversely, when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal, for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal, more or less the entirety of Fennoscandia by the White Sea Canal, or Marble Hill in northern Manhattan during the time between the building of the United States Ship Canal and the filling-in of the Harlem River which surrounded the area, it is generally not considered an island.

Another type of connection is fostered by harbor walls/breakwaters that incorporate offshore islets into their structures, such as those in Sai harbor in northern Honshu, Japan, and the connection to the mainland which transformed Ilhéu do Diego from an islet. De-islanded through its fixed link to the mainland, the former islet’s name, Ilhéu do Diego, became functionally redundant (and thereby archaic) and the location took the fort as its namesake. Some former island sites have retained designations as islands after the draining/subsidence of surrounding waters and their fixed linkage to land (England’s Isle of Ely and Vancouver’s Granville Island being respective cases in point). Their names are thereby archaic in that they reflect the islands’ pasts rather than their present structures or transport logistics. Other examples include Singapore and its causeway, and the various Dutch delta islands, such as IJsselmonde.

Artificial islands

Almost all of Earth’s islands are natural and have been formed by tectonic forces or volcanic eruptions. However, artificial (man-made) islands also exist, such as the island in Osaka Bay off the Japanese island of Honshu, on which Kansai International Airport is located. Artificial islands can be built using natural materials (e.g., earth, rock, or sand) or artificial ones (e.g., concrete slabs or recycled waste).[31][32]

Sometimes natural islands are artificially enlarged, such as Vasilyevsky Island in the Russian city of St. Petersburg, which had its western shore extended westward by some 0.5 km in the construction of the Passenger Port of St. Petersburg.[33]

Artificial islands are sometimes built on pre-existing «low-tide elevation,» a naturally formed area of land which is surrounded by and above water at low tide but submerged at high tide. Legally these are not islands and have no territorial sea of their own.[34]

Island superlatives

  • Largest island: Greenland[35]
  • Largest island in a lake: Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada[35]
    • Largest lake island within a lake island: Treasure Island, in Lake Mindemoya on Manitoulin Island[36]
  • Largest island in a river: Bananal Island, Tocantins, Brazil[37]
  • Largest island in freshwater: Marajó, Pará, Brazil
  • Largest sand island: Fraser Island, Queensland, Australia[38]
  • Largest artificial island: Flevopolder, the Netherlands (created 1969)[39]
  • Largest uninhabited island: Devon Island, Nunavut, Canada[40]
  • Most populous island: Java, Indonesia[41]
  • Lowest island: Franchetti Island, Lake Afrera, Ethiopia
  • Island shared by largest number of countries: Borneo (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia)
  • Island with the highest point: New Guinea (Puncak Jaya, 4,884 m, 16,024 ft), Indonesia
  • Northernmost island: Kaffeklubben Island, Greenland
  • Southernmost island (not fully surrounded by permanent ice): Ross Island, Antarctica
  • Island with the most populated city: Honshu (Tokyo), Japan
  • Most remote island (from nearest land): Bouvet Island[42]
  • Island with earliest known settlement: Sumatra (Lida Ajer cave), Indonesia

See also

  • Desert island
  • Great wall of sand
  • Island biogeography
  • Island ecology
  • Island country
  • Island hopping
  • Lake island
  • List of ancient islands
  • List of archipelagos
  • List of artificial islands
  • List of divided islands
  • List of fictional islands
  • List of island countries
  • List of islands by area
  • List of islands by body of water
  • List of islands by continent
  • List of islands by country
  • List of islands by highest point
  • List of islands by name
  • List of islands by population
  • List of islands by population density
  • List of islands named after people
  • Phantom island
  • Private island
  • River island
  • Rock fever
  • Small Island Developing States
  • Tidal island

References

  1. ^ How Many Islands are in the World?
  2. ^ 形形色色的海洋岛屿 (in Chinese)
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  6. ^ Brown, Mike (2010). How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming. New York: Random House Digital. pp. 186–187. ISBN 978-0-385-53108-5. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016.
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  16. ^ Davis, Richard A. (1994), Davis, Richard A. (ed.), «Barrier Island Systems — a Geologic Overview», Geology of Holocene Barrier Island Systems, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1–46, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78360-9_1, ISBN 978-3-642-78362-3, archived from the original on August 21, 2022, retrieved August 21, 2022
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  22. ^ Huppert, Kimberly L.; Perron, J. Taylor; Royden, Leigh H. (January 3, 2020). «Hotspot swells and the lifespan of volcanic ocean islands». Science Advances. 6 (1): eaaw6906. Bibcode:2020SciA….6.6906H. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw6906. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 6938699. PMID 31911939.
  23. ^ Schlömer, Antje; Geissler, Wolfram H.; Jokat, Wilfried; Jegen, Marion (March 15, 2017). «Hunting for the Tristan mantle plume – An upper mantle tomography around the volcanic island of Tristan da Cunha». Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 462: 122–131. Bibcode:2017E&PSL.462..122S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.028. ISSN 0012-821X.
  24. ^ Claudino-Sales, Vanda (2019), «Surtsey, Iceland», Coastal World Heritage Sites, Coastal Research Library, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, vol. 28, pp. 237–242, doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1528-5_35, ISBN 978-94-024-1526-1, S2CID 240206292, archived from the original on August 21, 2022, retrieved August 21, 2022
  25. ^ Woodroffe, Colin; Biribo, Naomi (January 1, 2011). «Atolls». In Hopley, D. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs: structure, form and process. The Netherlands: Springer. pp. 51–71. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
  26. ^ a b Austrian Academy of Sciences (2002). «The Tropical Islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans». Geographie. Austriaca. doi:10.1553/3-7001-2738-3.
  27. ^ Upton, B. G. J. (1982), Nairn, Alan E. M.; Stehli, Francis G. (eds.), «Oceanic Islands», The Ocean Basins and Margins, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 585–648, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8038-6_13, ISBN 978-1-4615-8040-9, archived from the original on August 21, 2022, retrieved August 21, 2022
  28. ^ Arnberger, Hertha, Erik (2011). The Tropical Islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. ISBN 978-3-7001-2738-3.
  29. ^ Baldacchino, Godfrey (2007). Bridging islands : the impact of fixed links. Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island: Acorn Press. ISBN 978-1-894838-24-5. OCLC 70884504.
  30. ^ a b Hayward, Philip (April 28, 2016). «Introduction: Towards an Expanded Concept of Island Studies» (PDF). Shima: The International Journal of Research into Island Cultures. 10 (1). doi:10.21463/shima.10.1.03. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
  31. ^ Gammon, Katherine (August 6, 2012). «Building Artificial Islands That Rise With the Sea». Popular Science. Archived from the original on June 5, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  32. ^ Mirasola, Christopher (July 15, 2015). «What Makes an Island? Land Reclamation and the South China Sea Arbitration». Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  33. ^ «Conception of development of the artificial lands of Vasilievsky island». top-mark.biz. Archived from the original on September 25, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
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  35. ^ a b «Largest And Highest Islands Of The World». WorldAtlas. May 18, 2021. Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
  36. ^ Wolchover, Natalie (January 24, 2012). «World’s Largest Island-in-a-lake-on-an-island-in-a-lake-on-an-island Seen on Google Earth». livescience.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
  37. ^ «Bananal Island». Encyclopædia Britannica (Online ed.). Archived from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
  38. ^ «Fraser Island». Government of Australia. May 18, 2008. Archived from the original on May 18, 2008. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
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External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Islands.

  • Definition of island from United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
  • Listing of islands Archived February 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine from United Nations Island Directory.
Источник

Recent Examples on the Web



In July, a month after Montgomery was hired, photos surfaced on social media of several Bruins, including Bergeron, Krejci, Marchand, Charlie McAvoy, and David Pastrnak, dancing at former teammate Tuukka Rask’s wedding on an island in the Mediterranean.


—Mark Shanahan, BostonGlobe.com, 7 Apr. 2023




In doing the study, planners compiled an inventory of 192 projects that already are in the works along the region’s shorelines, from the rugged Pacific Coast to the levees that encircle small islands in Suisun Bay.


—John King, San Francisco Chronicle, 7 Apr. 2023




The living and dining areas flow seamlessly to the kitchen, which boasts luxury appliances, a large island and a wine fridge.


—Ryan Conner, Dallas News, 7 Apr. 2023




Set sail on a yacht to a new and exciting island each day, and cycle your way through picturesque fishing villages, medieval towns, breathtaking seaside views, and serene hidden bays perfect for swimming.


—James Barrett, Men’s Health, 6 Apr. 2023




On April 26, 1983, 11 people were killed when a flying boat crashed during practice for an air show in Iwakuni, and 14 died a week earlier when two Air Self-Defense Force transports flying in formation crashed into an island in Ise Bay, according to the database.


—Emiko Jozuka, CNN, 6 Apr. 2023




When then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) visited Taiwan last year, Beijing canceled diplomatic engagements with the U.S. and held live-fire military exercises around Taiwan, a self-governing democratic island China considers a renegade province.


—Harold Maass, The Week, 6 Apr. 2023




Activities such as surfing, stand up paddle boarding and scuba diving that were exclusively saved for vacation will become a norm living on the third largest island in Hawaii.


—James Barrett, ELLE Decor, 5 Apr. 2023




Here, a young fisherman washes up on a mysterious island, only to be captured by a deranged captain who is hunted by a dark hungry beast.


—John Hopewell, Variety, 5 Apr. 2023



Want to island hop around French Polynesia, visit Africa’s incredible cities, and cruise through Asia without ever switching hotels or repacking your bags?


—Elizabeth Rhodes, Travel + Leisure, 14 Feb. 2023




Customize it to display the lake or island their choice and watch them fall in love with hosting all over again.


—Ni’kesia Pannell, Woman’s Day, 14 Sep. 2022




The result has been a reduction in costs and greenhouse gas emissions with the renewable energy of solar and combined heat and power, as well as having a plan in place to island off the traditional power grid in case of any future outages.


—Luis D’acosta, Forbes, 24 June 2022




Want to island hop around French Polynesia, visit Africa’s incredible cities, and cruise through Asia without ever switching hotels, boarding a flight, or repacking your bags?


—Elizabeth Rhodes, Travel + Leisure, 3 Jan. 2022




The episode centres around John B.’s (Chase Stokes) flight from his Outer Banks island hometown after he is framed for the murder of Sheriff Peterkin (Adina Porter).


—Ariana Romero, refinery29.com, 20 Apr. 2020




While sending children to work in factories isn’t good for them, either, holding up the postwar era as ideal may limit the ability to address the harms that stem from islanding.


—Miranda Sachs, Twin Cities, 30 Sep. 2019




For the last few years, Guerra has been studying the eating habits of western gulls that nest on Anacapa and Santa Barbara islands in the Channel Islands archipelago.


—Deborah Netburn, Los Angeles Times, 22 Oct. 2019




However, islanding children often reinforces gender, class or racial divides.


—Miranda Sachs, Twin Cities, 30 Sep. 2019


See More

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘island.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Источник
Noun 1. island - a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by waterisland — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

archipelago — a group of many islands in a large body of water

barrier island — a long narrow sandy island (wider than a reef) running parallel to the shore

dry land, ground, solid ground, terra firma, earth, land — the solid part of the earth’s surface; «the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land»; «the earth shook for several minutes»; «he dropped the logs on the ground»

South Sea Islands — any islands in the southern or southwestern of central parts of the Pacific Ocean
2. island — a zone or area resembling an island

kitchen island — an unattached counter in a kitchen that permits access from all sides

zone — a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

island

noun isle, inch (Scot. & Irish), atoll, holm (dialect), islet, ait or eyot (dialect), cay or key a day trip to the island of Gozo

Related words
adjective insular

Islands and island groups

Achill, Admiralty, Aegean, Aegina, Alcatraz, Aldabra, Alderney, Aleutian, Alexander, Amboina, Andaman, Andaman and Nicobar, Andreanof, Andros, Anglesey, Anguilla, Anticosti, Antigua, Antilles, Antipodes, Aran, Arran, Aru or Arru, Aruba, Ascension, Auckland, Azores, Baffin, Bahamas, Balearic, Bali, Banaba, Bangka, Banks, Baranof, Barbados, Barbuda, Bardsey, Barra, Basilan, Basse-Terre, Batan, Belau, Belle, Benbecula, Bermuda, Biak, Billiton, Bioko, Bohol, Bonaire, Bonin, Bora Bora, Borneo, Bornholm, Bougainville, British, Bute, Butung, Caicos, Caldy, Calf of Man, Campobello, Canary, Canna, Canvey, Cape Breton, Capri, Caroline, Cayman, Cebú, Ceylon, Channel, Chatham, Cheju, Chichagof, Chiloé, Chios, Choiseul, Christmas, Cocos, Coll, Colonsay, Coney, Cook, Corfu, Corregidor, Corsica, Crete, Cuba, Curaçao, Cyclades, Cyprus, Cythera, Delos, D’Entrecasteaux, Diomede, Disko, Diu, Djerba or Jerba, Dodecanese, Dominica, Dry Tortugas, Easter, Eigg, Elba, Ellesmere, Espíritu Santo, Euboea, Faeroes, Faial or Fayal, Fair, Falkland, Falster, Farquhar, Fernando de Noronha, Fiji, Flannan, Flinders, Flores, Florida Keys, Foula, Foulness, Franz Josef Land, French West Indies, Frisian, Fyn, Galápagos, Gambier, Gigha, Gilbert, Gotland, Gothland, or Gottland, Grand Bahama, Grand Canary, Grande-Terre, Grand Manan, Greater Antilles, Greater Sunda, Greenland, Grenada, Grenadines, Guadalcanal, Guam, Guernsey, Hainan or Hainan Tao, Handa, Hawaii, Hayling, Heard and McDonald, Hebrides, Heimaey, Heligoland, Herm, Hispaniola, Hokkaido, Holy, Hong Kong, Honshu, Hormuz or Ormuz, Howland, Ibiza, Icaria, Iceland, Imbros, Iona, Ionian, Ireland, Ischia, Islay, Isle Royale, Ithaca, Iwo Jima, Jamaica, Jan Mayen, Java, Jersey, Jolo, Juan Fernández, Jura, Kangaroo, Kauai, Keos, Kerrera, Kiritimati, Kodiak, Kos or Cos, Kosrae, Krakatoa or Krakatau, Kuril or Kurile, Kyushu or Kiushu, La Palma, Labuan, Lakshadweep, Lampedusa, Lanai, Lavongai, Leeward, Lemnos, Lesbos, Lesser Antilles, Levkás, Leukas, or Leucas, Lewis with Harris or Lewis and Harris, Leyte, Liberty, Lindisfarne, Line, Lipari, Lismore, Lolland or Laaland, Lombok, Long, Longa, Lord Howe, Luing, Lundy, Luzon, Mackinac, Macquarie, Madagascar, Madeira, Madura, Maewo, Mahé, Mainland, Majorca, Maldives, Malé, Malta, Man, Manhattan, Manitoulin, Marajó, Margarita, Marie Galante, Marinduque, Marquesas, Marshall, Martinique, Masbate, Mascarene, Matsu or Mazu, Maui, Mauritius, May, Mayotte, Melanesia, Melos, Melville, Mersea, Micronesia, Mindanao, Mindoro, Minorca, Miquelon, Molokai, Moluccas, Montserrat, Mount Desert, Muck, Mull, Mykonos, Nantucket, Nauru, Naxos, Negros, Netherlands Antilles, Nevis, New Britain, New Caledonia, Newfoundland, New Georgia, New Guinea, New Ireland, New Providence, New Siberian, Nicobar, Niue, Norfolk, North, North Uist, Nusa Tenggara, Oahu, Oceania, Okinawa, Orkneys or Orkney, Palawan, Palmyra, Panay, Pantelleria, Páros, Patmos, Pelagian, Pemba, Penang, Pescadores, Philae, Philippines, Phoenix, Pitcairn, Polynesia, Ponape, Pribilof, Prince Edward, Prince of Wales, Principe, Qeshm or Qishm, Queen Charlotte, Queen Elizabeth, Quemoy, Raasay, Ramsey, Rarotonga, Rathlin, Réunion, Rhodes, Rhum, Rialto, Roanoke, Robben, Rockall, Rona, Ross, Ryukyu, Saba, Safety, Saipan, Sakhalin, Salamis, Saltee, Samar, Samoa, Samos, Samothrace, San Cristóbal, San Juan, San Salvador, Santa Catalina, Sao Miguel, Sao Tomé, Sardinia, Sark, Savaii, Scalpay, Schouten, Scilly, Sea, Seil, Seram or Ceram, Seychelles, Sheppey, Shetland, Sicily, Singapore, Sjælland, Skikoku, Skokholm, Skomer, Skye, Skyros or Scyros, Society, Socotra, South, Southampton, South Georgia, South Orkney, South Shetland, South Uist, Spitsbergen, Sporades, Sri Lanka, St. Croix, St. Helena, St. John, St. Kilda, St. Kitts or St. Christopher, St. Lucia, St. Martin, St. Tudwal’s, St. Vincent, Staffa, Staten, Stewart, Stroma, Stromboli, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumba or Soemba, Sumbawa or Soembawa, Summer, Sunda or Soenda, Tahiti, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tenedos, Tenerife, Terceira, Thanet, Thásos, Thera, Thousand, Thursday, Timor, Tiree, Tobago, Tokelau, Tombo, Tonga, Tortola, Tortuga, Trinidad, Tristan da Cunha, Trobriand, Truk, Tsushima, Tuamotu, Tubuai, Turks, Tutuila, Tuvalu, Ulva, Unimak, Upolu, Ushant, Vancouver, Vanua Levu, Vanuatu, Vestmannaeyjar, Victoria, Virgin, Visayan, Viti Levu, Volcano, Walcheren, Walney, West Indies, Western, Wight, Windward, Wrangel, Yap, Youth, Zante, Zanzibar

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

Источник

English[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

the Island

  1. (in New York City) Long Island (in New York State)

    • 1972, Lou Reed (lyrics and music), “Walk on the Wild Side”, in Transformer:

      Candy came from out on the Island / In the backroom, she was everybody’s darling

  2. (in British Columbia) Vancouver Island
    • 2008, «Grizzlies at home on the Island», Times Colonist, 8 December 2008:
      A grizzly was photographed at Rugged Point near Kyuquot on the northwest coast of the Island in May, close to the time bears emerge from their dens, suggesting it had successfully hibernated on the Island.
    • 2010, Beau Simpson, «One ‘Grape escape’ on Vancouver Island», Surrey Now, 12 October 2010:
      And so, my lovely girlfriend Kari and I headed to the Island for a weekend of wines and dines.
    • 2011, Renee Andor, «His body hurts, but Vancouver Island circumnavigation record belongs to Angus», Comox Valley Record, 7 July 2011:
      Angus felt «fantastic» to have made it around the Island and beaten the record.
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Island.
  3. (UK, colloquial) HM Prison Parkhurst, a prison on the Isle of Wight.

Anagrams[edit]

  • Ladins, Landis, ilands

Breton[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈɪslant]

Proper noun[edit]

Island m inan

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Declension[edit]

Declension of Island (sg-only hard masculine inanimate)

singular
nominative Island
genitive Islandu
dative Islandu
accusative Island
vocative Islande
locative Islandu
instrumental Islandem

[edit]

  • islandský
  • islandština
  • Islanďan
  • Islanďanka

Further reading[edit]

  • Island in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
  • Island in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • Island in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Estonian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈislɑnd̥/

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe; capital: Reykjavík)

Declension[edit]

Declension of Island (type riik)

German[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • Eisland (obsolete)

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse Ísland, probably through Danish and/or Middle Low German.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈiːslant/

Proper noun[edit]

Island n (proper noun, genitive Islands or (optionally with an article) Island)

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

  • isländisch, Isländisch
  • Isländer, Isländerin
  • Islandpferd, Islandpony

Greenlandic[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)
    • 1980, «Pissusissamisoorpoq Island nunarpullu suleqatigiissappata» («It is proper that Iceland and Greenland [lit: our country] are going to work together») , Atuagagdliutit/Grønlandsposten

Livonian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • Īsland

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /islɑnd/

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)
    • Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
      Island – Island – Islande

      Iceland – Iceland – Iceland

Usage notes[edit]

Perhaps by error LĒL lists this term as type 127 – vȯņ which has consonant shift in genitive (vȯn) a pattern that is not possible for this term. Like for Kanād the most regular type (135 – āigast) is given in this entry.

Declension[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Alternative form of Iseland

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Riksvåpen

Proper noun[edit]

Island

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Derived terms[edit]

  • islandshest

[edit]

  • islending
  • islandsk

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse Ísland, from íss (“ice”) +‎ land (“land”). Akin to English Iceland.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /¹iːs.lan(d)/
  • Rhymes: -and, -an

Proper noun[edit]

Island n

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Derived terms[edit]

  • islandsand
  • islandsfar
  • islandsfarar
  • islandsfiske
  • islandshest
  • islandslav
  • islandsmose
  • islandsmåse
  • islandssild
  • islandssnipe
  • islandstrøye
  • islandsull

[edit]

  • island
  • islending
  • islandsk, islendsk

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ǐsland/
  • Hyphenation: Is‧land

Proper noun[edit]

Ìsland m (Cyrillic spelling Ѝсланд)

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Declension[edit]

Declension of Island

singular
nominative Island
genitive Islanda
dative Islandu
accusative Island
vocative Islande
locative Islandu
instrumental Islandom

Slovak[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈislant]

Proper noun[edit]

Island m inan (genitive singular Islandu, declension pattern of dub)

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

  • Islanďan
  • islandčina
  • islandský

Further reading[edit]

  • Island in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse Ísland.

Proper noun[edit]

Island n (genitive Islands)

  1. Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)

Derived terms[edit]

  • islandshäst
  • isländare
  • isländsk
  • isländska
  • islänning

Anagrams[edit]

  • Lindas, i-lands, lindas, slidan
Источник

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As the people of Shishmaref lose their natural hunting grounds to the warming sea, they are forced to buy U.S. canned goods from the only local store on the island; however, this is not their natural diet and cannot sustain them throughout the year.

Amy J. Berg

section

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD ISLAND

Old English īgland, from īg island + land; s inserted through influence of isle.

info

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

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section

PRONUNCIATION OF ISLAND

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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF ISLAND

Island is a verb and can also act as a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

The verb is the part of the sentence that is conjugated and expresses action and state of being.

See the conjugation of the verb island in English.

WHAT DOES ISLAND MEAN IN ENGLISH?

island

Island

An island /ˈaɪlənd/ or isle /ˈaɪl/ is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, or a holm. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago, e.g. the Philippines. An island may be described as such despite the presence of an artificial land bridge, for example Singapore and its causeway, or the various Dutch delta islands, such as IJsselmonde. Some places may even retain «island» in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a wide land bridge, such as Coney Island or Coronado Island. Conversely, when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal, for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal, it is generally not considered an island. There are two main types of islands: continental islands and oceanic islands. There are also artificial islands.


Definition of island in the English dictionary

The first definition of island in the dictionary is a mass of land that is surrounded by water and is smaller than a continent. Other definition of island is a part, structure, or group of cells distinct in constitution from its immediate surroundings related adjective insular. Island is also to cause to become an island.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO ISLAND

PRESENT

Present

I island

you island

he/she/it islands

we island

you island

they island

Present continuous

I am islanding

you are islanding

he/she/it is islanding

we are islanding

you are islanding

they are islanding

Present perfect

I have islanded

you have islanded

he/she/it has islanded

we have islanded

you have islanded

they have islanded

Present perfect continuous

I have been islanding

you have been islanding

he/she/it has been islanding

we have been islanding

you have been islanding

they have been islanding

Present tense is used to refer to circumstances that exist at the present time or over a period that includes the present time. The present perfect refers to past events, although it can be considered to denote primarily the resulting present situation rather than the events themselves.

PAST

Past

I islanded

you islanded

he/she/it islanded

we islanded

you islanded

they islanded

Past continuous

I was islanding

you were islanding

he/she/it was islanding

we were islanding

you were islanding

they were islanding

Past perfect

I had islanded

you had islanded

he/she/it had islanded

we had islanded

you had islanded

they had islanded

Past perfect continuous

I had been islanding

you had been islanding

he/she/it had been islanding

we had been islanding

you had been islanding

they had been islanding

Past tense forms express circumstances existing at some time in the past,

FUTURE

Future

I will island

you will island

he/she/it will island

we will island

you will island

they will island

Future continuous

I will be islanding

you will be islanding

he/she/it will be islanding

we will be islanding

you will be islanding

they will be islanding

Future perfect

I will have islanded

you will have islanded

he/she/it will have islanded

we will have islanded

you will have islanded

they will have islanded

Future perfect continuous

I will have been islanding

you will have been islanding

he/she/it will have been islanding

we will have been islanding

you will have been islanding

they will have been islanding

The future is used to express circumstances that will occur at a later time.

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would island

you would island

he/she/it would island

we would island

you would island

they would island

Conditional continuous

I would be islanding

you would be islanding

he/she/it would be islanding

we would be islanding

you would be islanding

they would be islanding

Conditional perfect

I would have island

you would have island

he/she/it would have island

we would have island

you would have island

they would have island

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been islanding

you would have been islanding

he/she/it would have been islanding

we would have been islanding

you would have been islanding

they would have been islanding

Conditional or «future-in-the-past» tense refers to hypothetical or possible actions.

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you island
we let´s island
you island

The imperative is used to form commands or requests.

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Present Participle

islanding

Infinitive shows the action beyond temporal perspective. The present participle or gerund shows the action during the session. The past participle shows the action after completion.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH ISLAND

Synonyms and antonyms of island in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS OF «ISLAND»

The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «island» and belong to the same grammatical category.

Translation of «island» into 25 languages

online translator

TRANSLATION OF ISLAND

Find out the translation of island to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of island from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «island» in English.

Translator English — Chinese


岛屿

1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English — Spanish


isla

570 millions of speakers

English


island

510 millions of speakers

Translator English — Hindi


द्वीप

380 millions of speakers

Translator English — Arabic


جَزِيرَةٌ

280 millions of speakers

Translator English — Russian


остров

278 millions of speakers

Translator English — Portuguese


ilha

270 millions of speakers

Translator English — Bengali


দ্বীপ

260 millions of speakers

Translator English — French


île

220 millions of speakers

Translator English — Malay


Pulau

190 millions of speakers

Translator English — German


Insel

180 millions of speakers

Translator English — Japanese


島

130 millions of speakers

Translator English — Korean


섬

85 millions of speakers

Translator English — Javanese


Pulo

85 millions of speakers

Translator English — Vietnamese


đảo

80 millions of speakers

Translator English — Tamil


தீவின்

75 millions of speakers

Translator English — Marathi


बेट

75 millions of speakers

Translator English — Turkish


ada

70 millions of speakers

Translator English — Italian


isola

65 millions of speakers

Translator English — Polish


wyspa

50 millions of speakers

Translator English — Ukrainian


острів

40 millions of speakers

Translator English — Romanian


insulă

30 millions of speakers

Translator English — Greek


νησί

15 millions of speakers

Translator English — Afrikaans


eiland

14 millions of speakers

Translator English — Swedish


ö

10 millions of speakers

Translator English — Norwegian


øy

5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of island

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «ISLAND»

The term «island» is very widely used and occupies the 1.876 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.

Trends

FREQUENCY

Very widely used

The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «island» in the different countries.

Principal search tendencies and common uses of island

List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «island».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «ISLAND» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «island» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «island» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about island

10 QUOTES WITH «ISLAND»

Famous quotes and sentences with the word island.

Ireland, in breadth, and for wholesomeness and serenity of climate, far surpasses Britain; for the snow scarcely ever lies there above three days: no man makes hay in the summer for winter’s provision, or builds stables for his beasts of burden… the island abounds in milk and honey.

In every island of the Aegean Sea are found abundant traces of a vast prehistoric empire.

As the people of Shishmaref lose their natural hunting grounds to the warming sea, they are forced to buy U.S. canned goods from the only local store on the island; however, this is not their natural diet and cannot sustain them throughout the year.

I think the water dictates how food will taste in a country. In England the apples taste unlike apples grown in any other place. England is an island, there’s a lot of salt in the air and in the water. I think that has something to do with it.

The Romans held Britain from the invasion of Julius Caesar till their voluntary withdrawal from the island, A.D. 420,- that is, about five hundred years.

In this first testing ground of the atomic bomb I have seen the most terrible and frightening desolation in four years of war. It makes a blitzed Pacific island seem like an Eden. The damage is far greater than photographs can show.

We have the character of an island nation: independent, forthright, passionate in defence of our sovereignty. We can no more change this British sensibility than we can drain the English Channel. And because of this sensibility, we come to the European Union with a frame of mind that is more practical than emotional.

When I was 16, I discovered this island called cinema and I thought: ‘Oh, how wonderful; I’m ready.’

I was born in New York, but I’m of Cuban heritage. Maybe there’s a little island in my blood.

Let’s hope I never end up on a deserted island, because I could never make a decision on which three CDs to take with me.

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «ISLAND»

Discover the use of island in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to island and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

While going through the possessions of a deceased guest who owed them money, the mistress of the inn and her son find a treasure map that leads them to a pirate’s fortune.

Laurel and Associates, Robert Louis Stevenson, 1999

After Reese and his family are stranded on an island during a boating trip, they discover the island is not what it seems when the island’s lethal inhabitants come after them.

This volume is a stimulating series of spiritual reflections which will prove helpful for all struggling to find the meaning of human existence and to live the richest, fullest and noblest life. —Chicago Tribune

But when her father’s cell-phone calls stop coming and disaster seems near, Nim has to be stronger and braver than she’s ever been before. And she’ll need all her friends to help her. From the Trade Paperback edition.

5

Island: The Collected Stories

We hope they will aid your understanding of this powerful short story collection, representing thirty years of MacLeod’s writing about his beloved Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, and the descendants of the Scottish Highlanders who inhabit this …

Rotten Island has always been a paradise for nasty creatures, until one awful day a beautiful flower begins to grow, threatening to spoil the island forever.

7

Island: Fact and Theory in Nature

This provocative book describes Guana’s flora and fauna against the backdrop of islands worldwide and their ecology, evolution, and conservation.

Follows a group of six kids stranded on a deserted island as they embark on a quest for survival that tests their limits.

9

Three Mile Island: A Nuclear Crisis in Historical Perspective

Misconceptions about the Three Mile Island crisis are cleared up in a study that reveals the causes, contexts, and consequences of the worst accident in the history of nuclear power in the United States.

10

The Other Side of the Island

Born in the eighth year of Enclosure, ten-year-old Honor lives in a highly regulated colony with her defiant parents, but when they have an illegal second child and are taken away, it is up to Honor and her friend Helix, another …

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «ISLAND»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term island is used in the context of the following news items.

BREAKING: Staten Island BOLO Issued for Possible Terrorists …

Authorities on Staten Island are looking for the cars and people shown in these photos. (NYPD). A lane on the Outerbridge Crossing was … «New York Observer, Jul 15»

Police looking on Staten Island for men possibly with assault rifles …

STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. — Police are on high alert, looking for people possibly carrying assault rifles, law enforcement sources told the Advance. «SILive.com, Jul 15»

Taiwan Promotes Its Island Claim in South China Sea — ABC News

Taiwan’s unusual use of Taiping Island in the heavily contested Spratly archipelago may appeal particularly to the United States, a staunch, … «ABC News, Jul 15»

Work continues to save holiday homes on Great Keppel Island after

Great Keppel Island off Rockhampton in central Queensland is slowly bouncing back, almost six months after Cyclone Marcia damaged … «ABC Online, Jul 15»

It Works founder pays $14.5 million for Little Bokeelia Island

Real estate agent Klaus Lang is asking potential buyers to “present your best offers” on the 104-acre island with a mansion and guest house … «The News-Press, Jul 15»

Meet the boss: Hamilton Island’s Glenn Bourke

Speaking from his office overlooking the Hamilton Island Marina, it’s easy to see why the island’s chief executive officer, Glenn Bourke, feels the … «Sydney Morning Herald, Jul 15»

Police receiving international tips in Deer Island ‘Baby Doe’ case …

As the memorial grows on the edge of Deer Island for the young girl found in a trash bag over three-weeks ago, 5 Investigates has learned the … «WCVB Boston, Jul 15»

I Heart My Island: Alfred’s Curaçao – Intelligent Travel

The Dutch came to Curaçao, a Caribbean island off the coast of Venezuela, in 1634. The capital city, Willemstad (above), is know for its colorful … «National Geographic Traveler Magazine, Jul 15»

A no man’s island in Nicaragua — FT.com

From the “lighthouse” (a lookout on the highest point of the island) there are no bloated all-inclusive resorts obstructing the view, nor is the … «Financial Times, Jul 15»

‘We’ll depopulate – and very, very quickly the island will be gone’

Members of the island’s community met TDs in Dublin this week to defend their school from practical closure – something they see as a … «thejournal.ie, Jul 15»

REFERENCE

« EDUCALINGO. Island [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/island>. Apr 2023 ».

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