I’ll also say that the phrase doesn’t have a widespread fixed meaning.
Based on your description, he/she is most likely making space for you to bring up anything at all you choose. If your boss has a work related question, it will be precise, directed and unambiguous.
- The vague question transfers control over the subject of your response to you fully.
- The rhyme is a clue that it’s a less formal moment and an invitation to be creative.
What are you going to do with a vague question?
You could talk about sports, weather, a gripe, something that interests you like family or current events. If you are unsure, just answer «All’s good, thanks for asking.» but hours or days later turn the tables and ask the same question back.
Watch closely as your boss reacts.
I’d encourage you bring up anything that’s safe and comfortable — have a little fun and see how your boss reacts. No matter what you say, within reason, it will be correct since it will after all, be… «the word, bird.»
Birds can be found all over the world, and come in different species, sizes, colours, and shapes. No other animals are able to fly faster, further, and higher than them. Check out the following 39 trivia bird quiz questions and answers to test your knowledge about these amazing
Bird Quiz Questions And Answers
1. Which of the following body parts do not exist in birds?
A. Spines
B. Toes
C. Teeth
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Teeth
2. What do we call a baby swan?
A. A joey
B. A calf
C. A cygnet
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. A cygnet
3. Which is the largest type of penguin?
A. King penguin
B. Queen penguin
C. Emperor penguin
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Emperor penguin
4. Which of the following birds is characterised by a big yellow bill?
A. Toucan
B. Puffin
C. Ibis
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Toucan
5. Which of the following birds lays the biggest eggs, which can weigh up to 1.9 kilograms?
A. Emu
B. Ostrich
C. Song thrush
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Ostrich
6. What is a group of ravens called?
A. A spook
B. A school
C. A murder
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. A murder
7. According to an old law, who owns all swans in the United Kingdom?
A. The prime minister
B. The queen
C. The leader of the Church of England
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. The queen
8. Flamingos are born with grey feathers, which gradually turn into which colour?
A. Blue
B. Pink
C. White
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Pink
9. Which is the lightest bird species in the world, which only weighs 1.6 grams?
A. Bee hummingbird
B. Pygmy owl
C. Woodpecker
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Bee hummingbird
10. Approximately how many species of birds are there in the world?
A. Around 1,000 species
B. Around 10,000 species
C. Around 100,000 species
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Around 10,000 species
11. The United States of America chose which species of eagle as its emblem?
A. Bald eagle
B. Sea eagle
C. Snake eagle
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Bald eagle
12. Which species of bird has a throat pouch to catch fish?
A. Heron
B. Kingfisher
C. Pelican
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Pelican
13. Which is the only species of bird that is able to fly backwards?
A. Hummingbird
B. Scarlet robin
C. Collared dove
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Hummingbird
14. Which of the following species is not a prey bird?
A. Osprey
B. Parrot
C. Vulture
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Parrot
15. Which is special about the peregrine falcon?
A. It is the fastest bird on Earth
B. It is the largest bird on Earth
C. It is the strongest bird on Earth
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. It is the fastest bird on Earth
16. Most bird eggshells are composed of which element compound?
A. Nitrogen
B. Kali
C. Calcium
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Calcium
17. Which of the following information is true about birds?
A. Birds are cold-blooded animals
B. Birds only eat seeds, leaves, and fruits
C. Birds have beaks rather than teeth
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Birds have breaks rather than teeth
18. Characterised by their grey, smooth plumage and brightly coloured tail, which bird can polish off up to 1000 berries per day?
A. Siskin
B. Waxwing
C. Cuckoo
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Waxwing
19. Which of the following is NOT a reason that birds migrate in a V formation?
A. To protect each other from other preys
B. To save energy while flying
C. To follow the bird leader
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. To protect each other from other preys
20. During the winter, cuckoos in the United Kingdom will typically migrate to which continent?
A. Australia
B. Africa
C. South America
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Africa
21. Which of the following is NOT a reason that woodpeckers use their beaks to hammer into trees?
A. To look for insects to eat
B. To lay their nest and eggs inside the hole
C. To polish their beaks
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. To polish their beaks
22. What is the colour of a baby swan when it is born?
A. Grey
B. White
C. Black
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Grey
23. In a fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen, which bird delivers new-born babies to their parents, and is a symbol of good luck and happiness?
A. Songbird
B. Stork
C. Gull
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Stork
24. Which bird, with a branch of olive in its mouth, is a symbol of peace?
A. Dove
B. Starling
C. Albatross
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Dove
25. Which bird has approximately 6,000 species, which makes up more than 60 per cent of all birds in the world?
A. Shorebirds
B. Songbirds
C. Starlings
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Songbirds
26. The bar-tailed godwit is known for having the longest non-stop migration across the Pacific Ocean from where to where?
A. California to Indonesia
B. Mexico to Japan
C. Alaska to Australia
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Alaska to Australia
27. What does a male peacock use his colourful features for?
A. To threaten other animals
B. To attract the attention of female peacocks
C. To stay warm during the winter
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. To attract the attention of female peacocks
28. Though parrots are typically brightly coloured, most are dominated by which colour?
A. Green
B. Red
C. Yellow
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Green
29. Which is the largest species of bird in the world?
A. Eagle
B. Ostrich
C. Hawk
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Ostrich
30. Which bird is known for laying their eggs in the nests of other birds to avoid the hard work of raising chicks?
A. Hedge sparrow
B. Cuckoo
C. Blackbird
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Cuckoo
31. What is the typical diet of raptors, a group of birds that includes hawks, eagles, falcons, buzzards, or vultures?
A. Carnivorous
B. Herbivorous
C. Omnivorous
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Carnivorous
32. Why do parent birds have to sit on the eggs until they are ready to hatch?
A. To provide them with sufficient nutrients
B. To keep them warm
C. To product them from other preys
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. To keep them warm
33. Which is the only bird that can recognise itself in a mirror?
A. Great tit
B. Bullfinch
C. Magpie
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Magpie
34. What is the colour of the American robin’s eggs?
A. Blue
B. White
C. Green
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Blue
35. Which bird is characterised by such a long tail that it has to launch backwards when flying from a branch to prevent the tail from ripping the shreds?
A. Palm cockatoo
B. Quetzal
C. Baya weaver
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Quetzal
36. What is the largest seabird in the world?
A. Wandering albatross
B. Puffin
C. Frigatebird
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Wandering albatross
37. Budgerigars are a popular pet breed of which bird?
A. Parrots
B. Canaries
C. Finches
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: A. Parrots
38. The national flag of which country depicts an eagle sitting on a cactus?
A. Canada
B. Brazil
C. Mexico
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: C. Mexico
39. What is the common loon also known as?
A. Great northern flier
B. Great northern diver
C. Great northern hunter
Click to see the correct answer
Answer: B. Great northern diver
We hope these bird quiz questions and answers provide you with many interesting facts and knowledge about these animals. If you want to learn more, make sure to check out the following bird picture quiz, panda quiz or this weather quiz.
small bird; adults talking to children sometimes use these words to refer to small birds
adult male bird
adult female bird
a bird that has built (or is building) a nest
any bird associated with night: owl; nightingale; nighthawk; etc
any bird that migrates seasonally
most primitive avian type known; extinct bird of the Triassic having bird-like jaw and hollow limbs and breastbone with dinosaur-like tail and hind limbs
extinct primitive toothed bird of the Jurassic period having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all birds
sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Jurassic period to the Cretaceous period having a keeled breastbone and vestigial tail; found in China; considered possibly the second most primitive of all birds
sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Cretaceous period having a vestigial tail; found in Spain; considered possibly the third most primitive of all birds
extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing
flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches; cassowaries; emus; moas; rheas; kiwis; elephant birds
birds having keeled breastbones for attachment of flight muscles
perching birds mostly small and living near the ground with feet having 4 toes arranged to allow for gripping the perch; most are songbirds; hatchlings are helpless
chiefly arboreal birds especially of the order Coraciiformes
any of numerous carnivorous birds that hunt and kill other animals
heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds
usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds
birds having zygodactyl feet (except for the touracos)
chiefly short-legged arboreal nonpasserine birds that nest in holes
nonpasserine bird having long wings and weak feet; spends much of its time in flight
long-winged nonpasserine birds
any of numerous nonpasserine insectivorous climbing birds usually having strong bills for boring wood
forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails
wading and swimming and diving birds of either fresh or salt water
a bird that twitters
a cock bred and trained for fighting
any bird that cries at night
fast-running African flightless bird with two-toed feet; largest living bird
large black flightless bird of Australia and New Guinea having a horny head crest
large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller
nocturnal flightless bird of New Zealand having a long neck and stout legs; only surviving representative of the order Apterygiformes
larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia
smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Strait of Magellan
huge (to 9 ft.) extinct flightless bird of Madagascar
extinct flightless bird of New Zealand
passerine bird having specialized vocal apparatus
any of several small dull-colored singing birds feeding on seeds or insects
Australian bird that resembles a pheasant; the courting male displays long tail feathers in a lyre shape
small fast-running Australian bird resembling a wren and frequenting brush or scrub
small birds of the Old World tropics having bright plumage and short wide bills
a passerine bird of the suborder Tyranni
any of several small active brown birds of the northern hemisphere with short upright tails; they feed on insects
in some classifications an alternative name for the Falconiformes
diurnal bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail
any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight
any of various large diurnal birds of prey having naked heads and weak claws and feeding chiefly on carrion
large long-legged African bird of prey that feeds on reptiles
nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes
a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl
small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl
wild turkey of Central America and northern South America
any of several large turkey-like game birds of the family Cracidae; native to jungles of tropical America; resembling the curassows and valued as food
large crested arboreal game bird of warm parts of the Americas having long legs and tails; highly esteemed as game and food
slender arboreal guan resembling a wild turkey; native to Central America and Mexico; highly regarded as game birds
large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs
crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings
a cosmopolitan order of land birds having small heads and short legs with four unwebbed toes
an archaic term for a parrot
a tame parrot
commonly domesticated grey parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa
mainly green tropical American parrots
long-tailed brilliantly colored parrot of Central America and South America; among the largest and showiest of parrots
large brownish-green New Zealand parrot
white or light-colored crested parrot of the Australian region; often kept as cage birds
small grey Australian parrot with a yellow crested head
small African parrot noted for showing affection for their mates
small brightly colored Australasian parrots having a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and soft fruits
any of numerous small slender long-tailed parrots
any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail
large brightly crested bird of Africa
Old World bird that tumbles or rolls in flight; related to kingfishers
nonpasserine large-headed bird with a short tail and long sharp bill; usually crested and bright-colored; feed mostly on fish
colorful chiefly tropical Old World bird having a strong graceful flight; feeds on especially bees
bird of tropical Africa and Asia having a very large bill surmounted by a bony protuberance; related to kingfishers
any of several crested Old World birds with a slender downward-curved bill
tropical African bird having metallic blackish plumage but no crest
tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage
tiny insectivorous West Indian bird having red-and-green plumage and a long straight bill
a small bird that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight
birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees
tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight
mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled greyish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects
insectivorous bird of Australia and southeastern Asia having a wide frog-like mouth
nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter
bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects
small brightly colored stout-billed tropical bird having short weak wings
brownish tropical American bird having a large head with fluffed out feathers
small bird of tropical Africa and Asia; feeds on beeswax and honey and larvae
tropical American insectivorous bird having a long sharp bill and iridescent green or bronze plumage
brilliantly colored arboreal fruit-eating bird of tropical America having a very large thin-walled beak
large trogon of Central America and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage
freshwater aquatic bird
stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult
any of many long-legged birds that wade in water in search of food
any of various small aquatic birds of the genus Gallinula distinguished from rails by a frontal shield and a resemblance to domestic hens
a bird that frequents coastal waters and the open ocean: gulls; pelicans; gannets; cormorants; albatrosses; petrels; etc.
any bird (as grouse or pheasant) that is hunted for sport
-
#2
Hi Elysium — I don’t think anyone ever tried to make sense of the lyrics of «Surfin’ Bird» but I don’t think it has anything to do with the definition of «giving someone the finger.»
Maybe someone who knows something about surfing culture may have a clue.
I’m curious also.
Cagey
post mod (English Only / Latin)
-
#5
Urban Dictionary states the following: The Bird = Extending the middle finger and «flipping someone off.» Sign language for, «F*** You!»
I agree with those above who say that this gesture is not related to the words in the song.
If you are interested in further discussion of the gesture, see these threads:
You are welcome to add a question or comment to any existing thread.
Added: This is a variation on the same expression:http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/Flip-someone-the-bird.1907681/
Published on: 12 Apr 2022
Views: 1,102,558
Tests Taken : 303,667
- 1 FALSE
- 2 TRUE
- 3 FALSE
- 4 NOT GIVEN
- 5 Per Lindstrand
- 6 (the) ground crew
- 7 Balloon simulator
- 8 Parachute valve
- 9 Envelope
- 10 Panels
- 11 Gores
- 12 C
- 13 B
- 14 A
- 15 H
- 16 C
- 17 30,000/30000/30,000 dollars/30000 dollars
- 18 Commercial
- 19 internet service provider
- 20 Fair use
- 21 FALSE
- 22 TRUE
- 23 NOT GIVEN
- 24 FALSE
- 25 FALSE
- 26 TRUE
- 27 FALSE
- 28 FALSE
- 29 FALSE
- 30 NOT GIVEN
- 31 Wavelength / colour
- 32 late afternoon
- 33 an eye mask
- 34 a humming bird
- 35 Lose weight
- 36 Alcohol and cigarettes
- 37 Rhythm
- 38 White
- 39 Metabolism
- 40 Nap / sleep
Leaderboard:
Tips for improving your ielts score
10 techniques for IELTS Listening
These 10 IELTS Listening Tips provide you with essential strategies to help you get the score you need in the exam and show you how to improve…
Section 1: Questions 1-11
Questions 1–4
Do the following statements agree with the given in the reading passage?
In boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet write
TRUE | if the statement agrees with the information |
FALSE | if the statement contradicts the information |
NOT GIVEN | If there is no information on this |
1 The Montgolfier brothers were the first people to fly in a hot air balloon.
2 Hot air ballooning became less popular in the late eighteenth century.
3 The largest hot air balloon had a capacity of over 75000 cubic metres.
4 Membership of the BFA is only open to people in America.
- 1 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
The Montgolfier brothers were the first people to fly in a hot air balloon.
It was not until some considerable time later that a balloon was launched that was capable of carrying passengers. Initial flights were trialled by animals
Note Q1: From the text, “initial flights were trialled by animals” in a balloon, which is contradicts with “Montgolfier brother were the first people” in the question statement.
So the answer is FALSE.
- 2 Answer: TRUE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Hot air ballooning became less popular in the late eighteenth century.
The discovery of hydrogen-fuelled flights led to the death in 1785 of Pilatre, a tragedy which caused a downfall in the popularity of hot air ballooning but an increase in the popularity of hydrogen.
Note Q2: All keywords appear in the text such as “hot air ballooning”, “less popular & a downfall in the popularity”, “in the late eighteenth century & in 1785”.
So the answer for this question is TRUE.
- 3 Answer: FALSE
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
The largest hot air balloon had a capacity of over 75000 cubic metres.
At the time, this balloon was the largest ever constructed at 65 thousand cubic metres
Note Q3: From the text, the largest hot air balloon had a capacity of 65 thousand cubic metres which contradicts with “over 75000 cubic metres” in the question statement.
So answer for Q3 is FALSE
- 4 Answer: NOT GIVEN
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Membership of the BFA is only open to people in America.
-
One of the largest hot air balloon organisations is the Balloon Federation of America. Founded in 1961, membership in the BFA attracts those with a fascination with ballooning (or ‘Lighter Than Air’ flight).
Note Q4: Some keywords appear in the text, however, it can just be inferred that membership in BFA attracts people taking interest in ballooning. No information is mentioned about the limitation for membership.
So the answer for Q4 is NOT GIVEN
-
Questions 5–7
Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 5- 7 on your answer sheet.
Who accompanied the entrepreneur on the longest balloon flight?
5
Who follows a hot air balloon’s flight to retrieve the craft when it lands?
6
What can give newcomers to the sport some idea of the feeling of flying a balloon?
7
- 5 Answer: Per Lindstrand
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Who accompanied the entrepreneur on the longest balloon flight?
In 1987, British entrepreneur Richard Branson crossed the Atlantic in a balloon named Virgin Atlantic Flyer. At the time, this balloon was the largest ever constructed at 65 thousand cubic metres, but four years later, he and Per Lindstrand from Sweden flew nearly 8000 kilometres from Japan to Northern Canada in their balloon the Virgin Pacific Flyer, which was nearly 10 thousand cubic metres bigger and was the longest flight in a hot air balloon ever made.
Note Q5: From Q5, we can assume that the answer must be a Noun
+ The two sentences here contains all the keywords in the question, so the answer must be in this paragraph.
+ The answer is a person/ people who flew with British entrepreneur Richard Branson on the longest balloon filght.
So the answer must be “Per Lindstrand” satisfying the word limit NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER.
- 6 Answer: (the) ground crew
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
Who follows a hot air balloon’s flight to retrieve the craft when it lands?
[…] balloons are often followed by ground crew, who may have to pick up the pilot, passengers and balloon from any number of landing sites
Note Q6: From the question, we must assume that the answer must be a Noun.
+ Take a look at the sentence above, we can see that it contain all the keywords in the question. So the answer must be somewhere here.
+ Understanding the idea in the question, the answer is about a person/ people who support the craft when a hot air balloon’s flight lands. While the question statement uses active voice, the sentence in passage is in passive voice. It is ground crew that follows balloons and a supplementary relative clause is to further explain ground crew’s job.
So the answer must be “ground crew”
- 7 Answer: Balloon simulator
Keywords in Questions
Similar words in Passage
What can give newcomers to the sport some idea of the feeling of flying a balloon?
-
They even boast of a balloon simulator, which although will not directly lead to a pilot’s license, it can give participants a degree of the sensation enjoyed by professional balloon pilots .
Note Q7: From the question, we can assume that the answer must be a Noun.
+ There are phrases in the given text which are similar in meaning to ones in the question statement, so the answer must be here.
+ Q7 is about something that brings people a feeling of flying a balloon. In the text, it is balloon simulator that gives them that feeling.
So the answer for Q7 must be balloon simulator.
-
Questions 8–11
Label the diagram below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 8- 11 on your answer sheet.
8
9
10
11
- 8 Answer: Parachute valve
From Q8 to Q11, the question is about the basic parts of the balloon.
-
The balloon itself is made of strips of fabric called gores which run from the skirt to the top of the balloon; they are further broken into individual panels. This section of the craft is referred to as the envelope . At the top of the envelope is a self closing flap that allows hot air to escape at a controlled rate to slow ascents or cause the balloon to descend descents. This is named the parachute valve, and is controlled by the vent line – the cable that runs the length of the envelope and hangs just above the basket so the pilot can open and close the parachute valve.
Note Q8: Q8 is a part which is at the top of the balloon.
At the top of the envelope is a self closing flap that allows hot air to escape at a controlled rate to slow ascents or cause the balloon to descend descents. This is named the parachute valve,
+ At the top of the balloon is a self closing flap of which name is parachute valve. So the answer for Q8 is parachute valve.
-
- 9 Answer: Envelope
Note Q9: Q9 is about something which covers the outside of the balloon.
This section of the craft is referred to as the envelope . At the top of the envelope is a self closing flap
+ It is envelope that covers from the skirts to the top of the balloon. So envelope must be the answer for Q9.
- 10 Answer: Panels
Note Q10 & Q11:
The balloon itself is made of strips of fabric called gores which run from the skirt to the top of the balloon; they are further broken into individual panels.
+ Q11 is the strips outside the balloon running from the skirt to the top of the balloon. So the answer for Q11 must be gores.
+ Q10 is other strips next to gores. So the answer for Q10 must be panels.
- 11 Answer: Gores
Note Q10 & Q11:
The balloon itself is made of strips of fabric called gores which run from the skirt to the top of the balloon; they are further broken into individual panels.
+ Q11 is the strips outside the balloon running from the skirt to the top of the balloon. So the answer for Q11 must be gores.
+ Q10 is other strips next to gores. So the answer for Q10 must be panels.
READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-11, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
HOT AIR BALLOONING
- The birth of the hot air balloon is largely contributed to the efforts of two French brothers, Joseph and Etienne Montgolfier, who employed the fact that hot air was lighter than cool air and using this, managed to lift a small silk balloon 32 metres into the air. The brothers went on to elevate a balloon into the air ten thousand metres before it started to descend and then exploded. Arguably limited success, but their work came to the eye of the French Science Academy as the discovery of the properties of hot air balloons helped scientists to study weather patterns and the atmosphere.
- It was not until some considerable time later that a balloon was launched that was capable of carrying passengers. Initial flights were trialled by animals, but after the success of these voyages, two passengers, Jean Francois Pilatre and Francois Laurent d’Arlendes, were sent up in a balloon which travelled across Paris for 29 minutes. The men fuelled the fire in the centre of their wicker basket to keep the balloon elevated and the trip across Paris was a great success.
- The discovery of hydrogen-fuelled flights led to the death in 1785 of Pilatre, a tragedy which caused a downfall in the popularity of hot air ballooning but an increase in the popularity of hydrogen. Hot air ballooning lost further ground when alternate modes of air travel were introduced» but in the 1950s, ballooning experienced something of a revival as a leisure activity and sport. Today there are balloons of all shapes and sizes, with many unique designs.
- In 1987, British entrepreneur Richard Branson crossed the Atlantic in a balloon named Virgin Atlantic Flyer. At the time, this balloon was the largest ever constructed at 65 thousand cubic metres, but four years later, he and Per Lindstrand from Sweden flew nearly 8000 kilometres from Japan to Northern Canada in their balloon the Virgin Pacific Flyer, which was nearly 10 thousand cubic metres bigger and was the longest flight in a hot air balloon ever made. The Pacific Flyer was designed to fly in the trans-oceanic jet streams and recorded the highest ground speed for a manned balloon at 394 kilometres per hour.
- There are now a wide variety of designs and equipment available, from baskets with room for two people right up to 35 or more, separated compartments and specially designed flame resistant fabrics, but the basic parts of the balloon have remained relatively unchanged. There is a basket, commonly made of wicker, inside which are stored the propane fuel tanks. Immediately above the basket and partly wrapped around by the skirt are the burners, attached on suspension wires. The balloon itself is made of strips of fabric called gores which run from the skirt to the top of the balloon; they are further broken into individual panels. This section of the craft is referred to as the envelope. At the top of the envelope is a self closing flap that allows hot air to escape at a controlled rate to slow ascents or cause the balloon to descend descents. This is named the parachute valve, and is controlled by the vent line – the cable that runs the length of the envelope and hangs just above the basket so the pilot can open and close the parachute valve.
- At the mercy of prevailing wind currents, piloting a balloon takes a huge amount of skill but the controls used are fairly straight forward. To lift a balloon the pilot moves the control which releases propane. The pilot can control the speed of the balloon by increasing or decreasing the flow of propane gas, but they cannot control horizontal direction. As a result, balloons are often followed by ground crew, who may have to pick up the pilot, passengers and balloon from any number of landing sites. A pilot who wants to fly a hot air balloon must have his commercial pilot’s license to fly and must have at least 35 hours of flight instruction. There are no official safety requirements for passengers onboard, but they should know whom they’re flying with and what qualifications they may have. For safety reasons, hot air balloons don’t fly in the rain because the heat in the balloon can cause water to boil on top of the balloon and destroy the fabric.
- One of the largest hot air balloon organisations is the Balloon Federation of America. Founded in 1961, membership in the BFA attracts those with a fascination with ballooning (or ‘Lighter Than Air’ flight). With an active discussion forum, meetings and displays all around the USA and beyond, the BFA runs on a number of guiding principles, primarily that the future of ballooning is directly related to the safety of enthusiasts. They run a number of training courses, from a novice who is interested in getting a basic licence to pilot achievement courses. They even boast of a balloon simulator, which although will not directly lead to a pilot’s license, it can give participants a degree of the sensation enjoyed by professional balloon pilots.
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Great thanks to volunteer Hoang Ngoc Huy who has contributed these explanations and markings..
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