The american word for holidays is the word

A holiday is a special day of celebration, such as New Year, Christmas and other holidays. In British English — is the word also
therefore, a time ranging from a week to several weeks, spent away from work or study. In American English the word for this holiday. Americans usually spend about two centuries. Not many American go to other countries for their holidays. Package tours are not very common and most Americans arrange their own transportation and accommodation. They usually travel by car or plane because the tickets are cheap. Many vacationers visit Yellowstone national Park or the Grand Canyon. Park visitors can see wildlife ,go camping,backcountry Hiking, or horseback riding, or go for a walk surrounded by nature. Another popular recreation choice of excursions in such cities as Washington, DC.and new York. Other people visit relatives or rent a house in the country.Families with children often go on vacation in an amusement Park, like Disneyland in Florida, where children can enjoy exciting rides and hang out with their favorite cartoon characters .ПОМОГИТЕ ПРОИЗНОШЕНИЕ НАПИШИТЕ РУССКИМИ БУКВАМИ

• #1

Some times I mistake Holiday and vacation, the other day I was on this site englishclubclass.com and there was an article and it said Holiday in space. I got confused why he didn’t wrote vacation in space. Whats the diffrence between holiday and Vacation?

Thanks

• #2

Hi titutan.
Vacation is American English and holiday is British English. Other than that the two words mean the same thing. Which word to use just depends on who you are talking to.
Hope this helps.
Soup

• #3

Hi thanks a lot, maybe I am used more to the world vacation because it could be the t.v and films i see are from u.s.a and so I dont know much about the birtsh words much.

Thanks a lot!

• #4

soupdragon78 said:

Hi titutan.
Vacation is American English and holiday is British English. Other than that the two words mean the same thing. Which word to use just depends on who you are talking to.
Hope this helps.
Soup

This is correct. In Ae holiday is reserved for days that are of religious or national significance, they involve one or more days off from school or work.

• #5

Hello
what’s the difference between «holiday» and «vacation»?
maybe holiday is used in UK and vacation in US?
Thanks

• #6

I believe that «vacation» is more used in US English.

• #7

Hello
what’s the difference between «holiday» and «vacation»?
maybe holiday is used in UK and vacation in US?
Thanks

• #8

Hi, all,

There are exceptions. ‘Holiday’ is more commonly used in the UK, and means literally that — time off work to be spent doing whatever you want.
‘Vacation’ here means again literally what it says — a place of work which is emptied of its inhabitants because they’re on holiday. Thus in several British universities, the periods when students are not actually required to be on campus are known as ‘vacation’. The assumption is that they may well still be working (!!!) but they’re simply ‘not present’. In Oxford, this is now abbreviated simply to ‘the Vac’. The summer holidays are known there as ‘the Long Vac’.

Sorry. Just thought I’d confuse everybody….

Patapan

• #9

Both terms are very common in the US, but they mean different things.

A holiday is a day off work or school. The day is chosen by the government or school (Christmas, Patriots Day, 4th of July, Labor Day).

A vacation you get to select the days.

There are exceptions to this. Some school vacations are set by the school. They differ from holidays by being longer that a day off.

• #10

Both terms are very common in the US, but they mean different things.

A holiday is a day off work or school. The day is chosen by the government or school (Christmas, Patriots Day, 4th of July, Labor Day).

A vacation you get to select the days.

There are exceptions to this. Some school vacations are set by the school. They differ from holidays by being longer that a day off.

Ok, thanks all…
but, languageGuy, let’s suppose that we meet in NYC and you ask me: » hi Nik, what are you doing here?» (better «here» or «in here»?)
What should I reply? I’m in NYC for a short?… vacation or holiday?

Thanks again

• #11

Ok, thanks all…
but, languageGuy, let’s suppose that we meet in NYC and you ask me: » hi Nik, what are you doing here?» (better «here» or «in here»?)
What should I reply? I’m in NYC for a short?… vacation or holiday?

Thanks again

I think that you can say either one and your meaning will be understood.

I’m in NYC on vacation. / I’m in NYC on a vacation.

I’m in NYC on holiday./ I’m in NYC on a holiday.

• #13

Holiday and vacation mean different things in the USA and my understanding is somewhat different than Language Guy’s understanding.

I get Holidays (days off from work). Holidays are granted, either by official government decree or by an employer’s discretion.

I take a vacation. I take my vacation during the holiday. A vacation is how I utilize a holiday.

«What did you do during your holidays?»
«What did you do on your vacation?»
«Oh, the holidays? No vacation, I just stayed home and relaxed.»

• #14

Holiday and vacation mean different things in the USA and my understanding is somewhat different than Language Guy’s understanding.

I get Holidays (days off from work). Holidays are granted, either by official government decree or by an employer’s discretion.

I take a vacation. I take my vacation during the holiday. A vacation is how I utilize a holiday.

Is this common US usage?

Here is a quote from the employment conditions of the Texas Department of Transportation:
Vacation Leave

As a TxDOT employee, you earn vacation hours based on your years of creditable state employment. You can use your vacation time after six months of continuous state service.

It would appear that for them, vacation is your days off work.

• #15

A quick overview of the most common usages of «holiday» in the UK:

Are you going on holiday this year?
Yes, we’re going to Tenerife for two weeks.

Why are you not at school today?
Because it’s the Easter Holidays

You had better finish that work today, because it’s a Bank Holiday tomorrow and no one will be in the office.

You are so tanned! Have you been on a sunbed?
No, I’ve just got back from my holidays in Spain.

• #16

Is this common US usage?

Here is a quote from the employment conditions of the Texas Department of Transportation:
Vacation Leave

As a TxDOT employee, you earn vacation hours based on your years of creditable state employment. You can use your vacation time after six months of continuous state service.

It would appear that for them, vacation is your days off work.

I think it is consistent with my explanation. You earn [the right to take] vacation hours based on the your time of service. In this case you take your vacation at your whim once it is earned. Holidays, such as New Years Day, would be in addition to the vacation. So there would still be a distinction of Holidays (granted) and vacation days (taken, earned).

• #17

Holiday and vacation mean different things in the USA and my understanding is somewhat different than Language Guy’s understanding.

I get Holidays (days off from work). Holidays are granted, either by official government decree or by an employer’s discretion.

I take a vacation. I take my vacation during the holiday. A vacation is how I utilize a holiday.

This is how I would interpret the AE viewpoint. If you used the word, «holiday» in place of «vacation» with me, I would think you’re either a Canadian neighbor who’s visiting (I live in a border state), or you’re speaking BE.

Also, I don’t see much of a difference in languageGuy’s opinions with these. His pretty much jive with mine, too.

AngelEyes

• #18

Is this common US usage?

Here is a quote from the employment conditions of the Texas Department of Transportation:
Vacation Leave

As a TxDOT employee, you earn vacation hours based on your years of creditable state employment. You can use your vacation time after six months of continuous state service.

It would appear that for them, vacation is your days off work.

The use of holiday and vacation is quite complicated in the US. Often they can be used interchangably and there are many cases where they cannot.

In the example cited above, the vacation time would likely be in addition to the 8 to ten official holidays (for example, the 4th of July). Both vacation days and holidays are days when you do not go into work.

• #19

This is how I would interpret the AE viewpoint. If you used the word, «holiday» in place of «vacation» with me, I would think you’re either a Canadian neighbor who’s visiting (I live in a border state), or you’re speaking BE.

Also, I don’t see much of a difference in languageGuy’s opinions with these. His pretty much jive with mine, too.

AngelEyes

From the viewpoint of Asian, I agreed with what AngelEyes said.
What I was taught about »holiday» and »vacation» seems a BE/AE thing.

• #20

what is the difference between holiday and vacation ?

• #21

In America, a holiday is a day when businesses and so on are closed, for example, Easter, Christmas, Thanksgiving, the Fourth of July and so on.
A vacation in America is the time one take off from work or school and perhaps travels for rest and recreation.
Let’s wait a minute for a Brit to come by, but I do belive they use the word «holiday» as the Americans use «vacation». I am not sure what they do with «vacation.»
Albert

PS And I don’t have any idea how the NZs or Australians use the terms. Maybe one will enlighten us.

• #22

what is the difference between holiday and vacation ?

Welcome to the forum, Akin. If you were to type the words «holiday» and «vacation» into the Dictionary Look-up at the top of the page, this is one of the threads that you would find on the subject:

http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=465601

You should always try that first because many, many subjects have been discussed more than once on the forum.

• #23

I’ve just got back from my holidays in Spain.

or

I’ve just got back from my holiday in Spain. ??

• #24

We have decided to take a vacation/rest/holiday.
We have decided to be on leave.

Hi,
Do all of the bolded words fit in the above and mean about the same as the second? Thanks.

• #25

Vacation and Holiday mean much the same, but holiday tends to be used more in BE while Vacation is definitely AE. «Rest», however, implies a much shorter break — a break in between two pieces of homework or a short nap in the afternoon, for example. Definitely not the same meaning as a holiday.
Also, «On leave» tends to mean you’ve been let off work by your boss so that you can take a holiday — so you can’t «decide» to be on leave. However, you can ask your boss to «give you leave» — and then you can go on holiday.

Hope that makes sense,
I.

• #26

Hi, friends,In my English textbook titled «High Season», the word ‘vacation’ is listed as the American equivalent of the British ‘holiday’. However, I repeatedly hear ‘holiday’ in American movies, though in British films ‘vacation’ is not the word that one would constantly hear to mean ‘holiday’.My query is: is this really the case and if yes, how frequently would an average American use ‘holiday’ to mean ‘vacation’, and how frequently would an Englishman use ‘vacation’ to mean ‘holiday’. What about Australia and Canada and other English-speaking countries?Thank you

• #27

This English woman would never use vacation to mean holiday, although I know what it means and understand it when I hear US types say it.

• #28

UK view.

Dictionaries give vacation as US-EN. Holiday has religious roots of course and as far as I know vacation doesn’t.

In the UK there are offical holidays many of which are Christian «events» such as Easter and Christmas. Note that this dictionary’s only reference to a religious connection is St. Patrick’s day; Christmas doesn’t even get a look in!

The use of «I’m going on holiday» next week is very common. People say I’m going away for the Xmas hols.

Vacation is also used in the UK, the exposure to the US version of the language is high.. Would secularisation of language in official written documents encourage the use of vacation?.

GF..

What % common use in UK? No idea.

• #29

Did you try doing a forum search before posting? Many of your questions are answered in these previous threads:

Holiday or vacation?
Holiday vs vacation

As to what the preference is here in Australia, we still largely use «holiday», but would understand «vacation». I say «largely» because I hear a lot of AE terminology from the mouths of young whipper-snappers (that is, people under 20 or so).

• #30

I’m with you, suzi br, on this one.

Rover
x

• #31

In AE:

Holiday = Christmas, Independence Day, St. Patrick’s Day, Easter, Chanakuh, Ramadan, Memorial Day, etc.
Halloween is my favorite holiday because you get to wear costumes.
There are many religious holidays in the month of December.

Vacation = Time spent away from work usually, and very often involving travel
Where are you going on/for vacation?
I’m going to Italy for my vacation, but I’m going to France on business.
I have ten vacation days each year (I have ten days off from work each year).

• #32

is this really the case and if yes, how frequently would an average American use ‘holiday’ to mean ‘vacation’,

It is really the case.

The average American would rarely use the word «holiday» in place of «vacation». (Anyone who said «where are you going on holiday this year?» would be thought hugely affected, and would be laughted at.) That being said, the word «holiday» is used commonly in other ways.

Easter is my favorite holiday.
The police had a program to crack down on drunk drivers over the Memorial Day holiday weekend.
For my vacation this year I decided to have a Caribbean holiday.
When we heard that we were getting a new boss, it felt like a holiday.

Last edited: Dec 5, 2008

• #33

The only times I’ve heard «vacation» being used in Britan is by students to refer to the official end of term/year breaks at university.

• #34

The average American would rarely use the word «holiday» in place of «vacation». (Anyone who said «where are you going on holiday this year?» would be thought hugely affected, and would be laughted at.) That being said, the word «holiday» is used commonly in other ways.

Agreed. Americans don’t use ‘holiday’ in place of ‘vacation’ (unless we’re imitating someone else’s dialect).

• #35

It’s much simpler here in the UK.

We never say ‘vacation’.

Rover

• #36

It’s much simpler here in the UK.

We never say ‘vacation’.

Rover

Scalloper appears to contradict this two posts above.

• #37

Thank you for this vital informations.

• #38

PS And I don’t have any idea how the NZs or Australians use the terms. Maybe one will enlighten us.

Australian English is much the same BE with regard to «holiday».

We don’t have «Bank holidays», but rather «Public Holidays», which vary a little from state to state.

• #39

UK view.

Vacation is also used in the UK, the exposure to the US version of the language is high.. Would secularisation of language in official written documents encourage the use of vacation?.

I don’t think secularisation [read: anti-religion in general and anti-Christianity in particular] will encourage the use of vacation over holiday. Can you imagine anyone saying «The August Bank Vacation»?

Most people are not aware that holiday comes from holy day. Nobody worries about the expressions «bird sactuary» or «whale sanctuary», which also come from the protection afforded by sanctuaries [holiest places] in churches.

• #40

I think most people are quite likely to guess (because only one letter is different and even its replacement has the same sound) that holiday and holy day are related!!!

You are not suggesting that «secularization» can be defined as «anti-religion or anti-christianity», are you?

• #41

‘Vacation is also used in the UK, the exposure to the US version of the language is high.. Would secularisation of language in official written documents encourage the use of vacation?.’

We’d have to have quite a big overhaul of our language if we want to phase out all signs of religion from it. Holiday does not mean ‘holy day’ in any context. It would be literally incorrect to say ‘St Andrews’ day holiday’ for example, because there is no holiday, there is only a holy day. ‘Vacation’ is an American word, only used in Britain when mimicking American speech and in its proper sense of the making vacant of a location.

• #43

Yes, but federal employees get holidays off as well as vacation days. It’s not simply «holiday» vs. «vacation».

http://www.usgs.gov/ohr/student/benefit/benefits.html

«Employees earn annual leave at rates depending on their length of service. For their first three years of full-time employment, you earn 104 hours of vacation a year. «

As beccammut said, a few years back, we use both «holiday» and «vacation» in the U.S., but they mean different things.

In AE:

Holiday = Christmas, Independence Day, St. Patrick’s Day, Easter, Chanakuh, Ramadan, Memorial Day, etc.
Halloween is my favorite holiday because you get to wear costumes.
There are many religious holidays in the month of December.

Vacation = Time spent away from work usually, and very often involving travel
Where are you going on/for vacation?
I’m going to Italy for my vacation, but I’m going to France on business.
I have ten vacation days each year (I have ten days off from work each year).

Last edited: Aug 22, 2011

• #44

‘Vacation’ is an American word, only used in Britain when mimicking American speech and in its proper sense of the making vacant of a location.

That is definitely not true. British universities and law courts have vacations, not holidays.

• #45

… and in its proper sense of the making vacant of a location.

You are probably referring to universities and courts and the like for this usage? When I was at university, there were people there during the «vacation» so it was by no means vacant, only parts of it were.
As, perhaps, one’s home might be vacant when one goes to one’s aunty’s house beside the seaside for the summer hols? Alternatively, some part (cubicle/office/workstation) of the workplace becomes vacant when someone goes on holiday — or vacation. It is simply a difference in usage, not an «improper» use in AmE

• #46

‘Vacation’ is an American word, only used in Britain when mimicking American speech and in its proper sense of the making vacant of a location.

As Andygc notes above, vacation is not «an American word»; it has been used in Oxford and Cambridge Universities for centuries to mean the period between terms when no instruction is taking place. Three vacations occur each year at Oxford: the Christmas vacation, the Easter vacation, and the Long Vacation.

I am always puzzled when I hear a word used for centuries in Britian branded as «an American word»; where are Americans supposed to have gotten the word from, anyway? In the matter of «vacation», note that the customs in American universities generally derive from the customs of the earliest colleges in North America, which were founded by graduates of both the ancient English universities, and most especially (at least in the case of Harvard College) by graduates of Cambridge. The terminology of Oxford and Cambridge (including «vacation») thus spread to American universities, and from there to American public schools generally, and from public schools into society at large.

• #47

I am always puzzled when I hear a word used for centuries in Britian branded as «an American word»; where are Americans supposed to have gotten the word from, anyway?

American English has a number of non-English word sources, including American Indian language words for animals and geographic phenomena not found in Great Britain (opossum, raccoon), Spanish for southwestern geographic features not found in Great Britain (arroyo, mesa), cultural objects and phenomena adapted from the non-European inhabitants of North America (kayak), and words from many other languages, just as British English has picked up words from the native languages of their former colonies, especially India, that are unfamiliar to Americans. «Vacation» is not one of these words, however. Sometimes, American English preserves a word that British English has abandoned, and sometimes American English redefines a British word to fit American conditions. If GWB’s post about the history of «vacation» is correct, it appears to be a word whose meaning has been extended in the U.S. from its original sense but not in Britain. That doesn’t make it an «American word» or a corruption of the language, but it does mean that it has a particularly American use or sense that it does not have in Britain.

• #48

I found this site for Grifton, the University of Cambridge and they have «vacations» listed there. So it is not strictly speaking an American term.

http://www.girton.cam.ac.uk/students/guide/term-dates/

Vacation Residence Staying in Residence outside the Tenancy Period Students are welcome to stay up in College or Wolfson Court during the Long Vacation although please be aware that many of the normal facilities and services may not be available during these times.

• #49

That is definitely not true. British universities and law courts have vacations, not holidays.

I found this site for Grifton, the University of Cambridge and they have «vacations» listed there. So it is not strictly speaking an American term.

http://www.girton.cam.ac.uk/students/guide/term-dates/

Vacation Residence

Staying in Residence outside the Tenancy Period

Students are welcome to stay up in College or Wolfson Court during the Long Vacation although please be aware that many of the normal facilities and services may not be available during these times.

Oxford and Cambridge and others have been having vacations for centuries They used to be called, at least in Oxford (and in legal circles they may have survived longer) after the terms they followed : Michaelmas, Hilary (Lent) and Trinity terms were followed by the same vacations. Copperknickers was apparently unaware of this and confused some of you I could therefore, technically, say that I never went «on holidays» while I was at Oxford

• #50

No-one is disputing that Oxbridge has used the word «vacation» for centuries. It’s just that it does not cover the same range of meaning in BE as it does in AE.

Those Oxbridge dons would say that they were in Antibes «on holiday», rather than «on vacation».

There are many words in BE and AE which have a common origin, but which have changed their meanings over the centuries.
Grammar school in the US is an elementary school; in UK, an academic high school. Neither the current BE nor the current AE meaning corresponds to its original meaning.

Yes, while they can mean the same thing, vacation is, also, a time when one decides to have a holiday, while holiday is the time when one does not decide, but when it is decided on some higher level (national, religious, organizational, etc).

Etymology might be enough to see all the peculiarities:

vacation
late 14c., «freedom or release» (from some activity or occupation), from O.Fr. vacation, from L. vacationem (nom. vacatio) «leisure, a being free from duty,» from vacare «be empty, free, or at leisure» (see vain). Meaning «formal suspension of activity» (in ref. to schools, courts, etc.) is recorded from mid-15c. As the U.S. equivalent of what in Britain is called a holiday, it is attested from 1878.

holiday
1500s, earlier haliday (c.1200), from O.E. haligdæg «holy day; Sabbath,» from halig «holy» (see holy) + dæg «day» (see day); in 14c. meaning both «religious festival» and «day of recreation,» but pronunciation and sense diverged 16c. As a verb meaning «to pass the holidays» by 1869.

EDIT:
According to etymology and dictionaries: Chiefly British holidays is a period of cessation from work or one of recreation; vacation.

1.

Школьный этап олимпиады 7-8 классы

2.

Audio: https://vos.olimpiada.ru/upload/files/Arhive_tasks/201920/school/engl/audio-engl-7-8-sch-msk-19-20.mp3
Part 1. Listening
You will hear five different people talking about their experiences while being
in Moscow. For each speaker 1–5, choose from the list of events (A–F). There is
one extra letter you DO NOT need to use. You will hear the text twice.
Speaker 1
D
________
A. International Women’s Day
Speaker 2
C
________
B. Tatyana’s Day
Speaker 3
F
________
C. New Year’s Eve
Speaker 4
B
________
D. Moscow City Day
Speaker 5
E
________
E. Maslenitsa
F. Victory Day

3.

Part 2. Reading
Task 1. Read the text and choose four of the
statements A–F to match paragraphs 1 — 4.
A. Garlic reduces the risk of heart disease.
B. Juggling is good for the brain.
C. Eating oranges can stop you from getting colds
D. Sitting too close to a television is bad for your eyes.
E. If you get cold, you risk catching a cold.
F. Reading in poor light can damage your eyes.

4.

D
Truth or Myth?
1_______
This is a (5)________________ It won’t damage your eyes,
(6)_______________it might give you a headache. The (7)_________ thing
is to watch television at a distance that feels comfortable. But watching too
much TV can be a bad idea. In (8)___________ ,
research
shows that children who (9)_________________ spend more than 10 hours a
week watching TV are more likely to be overweight and slower to learn at
school.
B
2_______
This (10)__________to be true. Scientists have found that juggling balls for
one minute every day can increase your brain (11)________. Researchers in
Germany carried out brain scans and found that certain areas of the brain had
grown (12)______
in people who practiced juggling. However, when
they (13)________
juggling, their brains went back to their
(14)_________ size.

5.

3_____
A
This is a (15)________ belief, but scientists say there is nothing to
(16) __________ that it’s true. However, the use of this vegetable
as a natural (17) ___________ goes back to the Ancient Egyptians,
and research shows that it can be an effective (18)
_________________ for coughs, sore throats and upset
stomachs, among other (19)___________________. Unfortunately,
many people dislike the smell, but you can take it in pill form.
E
4_____
The truth is that people get colds from viruses, not from being cold.
(20) _______________, keeping warm may help you to (21)
_________ getting a cold. Researchers at Cardiff University’s Common Cold
Centre found that a fall in body temperature can
(22) ___________ cold
viruses to become active. In a (23)___________, a group of people sat with their
feet in (24)_______________ of iced water for 20 minutes. A third of them
developed colds in the next five days, compared to only 9% of another group
who kept dry.

6.

Task 2
Now read the text again and complete the gaps 5–24 with the
words below:

7.

Truth or Myth?
D
1_______
myth
This is a (5)_____________
It won’t damage your eyes,
sensible
(6)_______________it
might give you a headache. The (7)_________
although thing
is to watch television at a distance that feels comfortable. But watching too
fact
much TV can be a bad idea. In (8)___________
, research shows that
children who (9)_________________
spend more than 10 hours a week
regularly
watching TV are more likely to be overweight and slower to learn at school.
B
2_______
appears
This (10)__________to
be true. Scientists have found that juggling balls for
one minute every day can increase your brain (11)________.
power Researchers in
Germany carried out brain scans and found that certain areas of the brain had
grown (12)______
in people who practiced juggling. However, when
larger
they (13)________
juggling, their brains went back to their
stopped
normal size.
(14)_________

8.

3_____
A
commonbelief, but scientists say there is nothing to (16)
This is a (15)________
__________
prove that it’s true. However, the use of this vegetable as a natural (17)
___________________ goes back to the Ancient Egyptians, and research shows
remedy/treatment
treatment/remedy for coughs, sore throats
that it can be an effective (18)_________________
and upset stomachs, among other (19)___________________.
illness
Unfortunately, many people dislike the smell, but you can take it in pill form.
E
4_____
The truth is that people get colds from viruses, not from being
however
avoid
cold.(20)_______________,
keeping warm may help you to (21)_________
getting a cold. Researchers at Cardiff University’s Common Cold Centre found
trial
that a fall in body temperature can (22) _______
cold viruses to become active.
In a (23)___________,
cause a group of people sat with their feet in
bowls
(24)_______________
of iced water for 20 minutes. A third of them developed
colds in the next five days, compared to only 9% of another group who kept dry.

9.

Part 3. Use of English.
Task 1. Put each verb in brackets (1 — 20) into a suitable verb form (0 – is
done for you as an example).
Two Babies
On a cold autumn day in the second quarter of the 16th century a boy 0 (to be
born) was born to a rich family of the name of Tudor. He was wanted very
walking (to
much by the family and the whole nation. People 1walked/were
_______________
walk) along the streets talking only about the new baby, Edward Tudor, Prince
lay/was lying
didn’t know
of Wales, who 2 _______________
(to lie) in silk and 3 _______________
had dreamed/ dreamt; had been
(not to know) that all England 4
_______________
dreaming
(to dream) of his birth so much. On the same day another English child was
had been given
born to a poor family of the name of Canty. He 5was given/
______________
(to
had never wanted
give) the name of Tom. Tom Canty’s parents 6never wanted/
_______________
lying
(never to want) him. And now he 7lay/was
_______________
(to lie) in his dirty rags
crying softly.

10.

Put each verb in brackets (1 — 20) into a suitable verb form.
passed/ had passed(to pass). Tom and his family still 9
A few years 8 _______________
lived/were
still living(to live) not far from London Bridge in the house built
_______________
in the previous century. Tom’s father often got drunk, 10
fought
_______________
(to fight) with his neighbours and 11
lived /have been living
beat
_______________
(to beat) his children. “We 12 have
______________
(to live) in this house since Tom’s Granny 13 _______________
(to
came
is getting/ has got (to get) old. In fact, it
come) to London. The house 14 _______________
has already become (to become) ancient. It is impossible to live
already 15 _______________
here anymore. But we 16 _______________
(to move) only if we 17
will move
have
_______________
(to have) a lot of money. I should make Tom 18
_______________
(to beg). He 19 _______________
has never begged (never to beg)
beg
before, I know. It’s high time for him to begin,” Tom’s father often 20
thought
_______________
(to think).

11.

Part 3. Use of English.
Task 2. Read the text below and choose the
correct word A–D for each space 21–30. There
is an example for you.

12.

Read the text below and choose the correct
word A–D for each space 21–30.
The Art of Drawing
A
Drawing has always been a 0 _______
popular hobby. Young children draw with a pencil
C
as 21 ______
as they can hold one. Drawing is often seen as a special skill, and it is
A that some people seem to draw perfect pictures without any effort. Yet drawing,
22______
C
like writing, can be 23 ______;
you can draw accurately if you work really hard at it.

13.

Read the text below and choose the correct
word A–D for each space 21–30.
A
Drawing is first 24 ______
all about looking carefully. It sounds easy to say that
B to do is look at things, but it really is that simple. The best way
all you 25______
B
to draw a familiar 26 ______
is to imagine that you are looking at it for the first
27 ______.
Nowadays there are 28 ______
courses and materials available than
D
A
D
ever before, 29______
means that you can experiment to improve your skills.
The only 30 ______
is your imagination.
C

14.

Part 3. Use of English.
Task 3. Express the meaning of each phrase 31–36 in one word. There is an
example for you. Please, mind your spelling. The number of letters is shown.
Example: 0. to take the first step – b _ _ _ n — b e g i n
31. full of fear – a _ _ _ _ d
─afraid
32. to walk like a soldier – m _ _ _ h ─ m a r c h
33. to take place – h _ _ _ _ n ─ h a p p e n
34. a speech to a group of people – l _ _ _ _ _ e ─ l e c t u r e
35. to put in the ground to grow – p _ _ _ t ─ p l a n t
36. a picture made using a camera – p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h ─ p h o t o g r a p h

15.

Part 4. Writing
In May our country will celebrate the 75th anniversary of the Great
Patriotic War. Your class is going to take part in the contest of best articles
dedicated to this big day. Write an article and mention the following:
when and where people celebrate Victory Day why and how Muscovites
celebrate this day whether you/ your family celebrate this day and how
you
do
it
if people honour Moscow’s defenders and why?
Remember the rules of writing an article (a title, an introduction, a
conclusion).
Write 120–150.

16.

Школьный этап олимпиады 9-11 классы

17.

Part 1. Listening
https://vos.olimpiada.ru/upload/files/Arhive_task
/2019-20/school/engl/audio-engl-9-11-sch-msk-1
For items 1–10 listen to a man talking about a boy called
Michael who crossed the Atlantic in a sailing
20.mp3
boat and decide whether the statements 1–10 are TRUE according to the text you hear (A), or FALSE (B),
or the information on the statement is NOT STATED in the text (C). You will hear the text twice.
1. Michael Perham, a teenage boy from the south of England, became the only person to sail across the
Atlantic alone.
B
2. Michael started his voyage across the Atlantic when he was seven.
3. The Cheeky Monkey is a 9-metre yacht which was designed for the cross-Atlantic voyage.
4. During his voyage, Michael ate food which had been presented to him by a local supermarket.
5. Burgers and crisps were the things Michael missed most during his voyage.
6. One day during the trip, Michael’s father contacted him to say that a part of Michael’s boat was
broken.
7. Michael didn’t play his guitar during the trip.
8. Once he managed to catch a flying fish which had jumped into his boat.
9. Michael contributed a lot of money to the fund Children in Need.
10. Michael and his father would like to do their next trip in bigger and faster boats.
B
A
C
B
B
A
C
A
A

18.

PART 2 READING
(15 points)
It would be simple enough to follow him. Roger was a man of habits, and even when his hours of work were
irregular, he would still take his mid-day meal, whenever he did take it, at Percy’s. Miss Temple found an
antique bookshop across the street where, as she was obliged to purchase something for standing so long
watching through its window, she on impulse selected a complete four-volume Illustrated Lives of Sea
Martyrs. The books were detailed enough for her to spend the time in the window, apparently examining the
books, while actually watching Roger first enter and then, after an hour, exit alone, from the heavy doors
across the street.
He walked straight back to his office in the Ministry courtyard. Miss Temple arranged for her purchase to be
delivered to the Boniface, and walked back into the street, feeling like a fool. She had re-crossed the square
before she convinced herself that she was not so much a fool as an inexperienced observer. It was pointless to
watch from outside the restaurant because only from inside could she have discovered whether or not Roger
dined alone or with others, or with which particular others — all important information.
She had a pretty good feeling that the crime she believed he had committed had no time connection with his
working hours, which meant she was likely to learn nothing from observing his working day. It was after
work that any real information would be gathered. Abruptly she entered a store whose windows were thick
with all shapes of luggage, hampers, oilskins, lanterns, telescopes, and a large assortment of walking sticks.
She left wearing a ladies’ black travelling cloak, with a deep hood and several well hidden pockets, opera
glasses, a leather-bound notebook and an all-weather pencil. Miss Temple then took her tea.

19.

Between cups of tea and two cakes, she made entries in the notebook, summarizing her plan and then
describing the day’s work so far. That she now had a kind of uniform and a set of tools made
everything that much easier and much less about her particular feelings, for tasks requiring clothes and
supporting equipment seemed somehow more objective, even scientific, in nature. In keeping with
this, she made a point to write her entries in a kind of code, replacing proper names and places with
synonyms or word-play that hopefully would not be understood by anyone but herself.
Miss Temple left the tea shop at four o’clock, knowing Roger to leave usually at five, and hired a
carriage. She instructed her driver in a low, direct tone of voice, after assuring him he would be well
paid for his time, that they would be following a gentleman, most likely in another carriage, and that
she would knock on the roof of the coach to indicate the man when he appeared. The driver nodded,
but said nothing else. She took his silence to mean that this was a usual enough thing, and felt all the
more sure of herself. When Roger appeared, some forty minutes later, she nearly missed him ,amusing
herself for the moment by peering through the opera glasses into nearby open windows, but a sudden
feeling caused her to glance back at the courtyard gates just in time to see Roger, standing in the road
with an air of confidence and purpose that took her breath away, flag down a coach of his own. Miss
Temple knocked sharply on the roof of the coach and they were off.
The thrill of the chase, complicated by the nervousness of seeing Roger, was quickly lost when, after
the first few turns, it became obvious that Roger’s destination was nowhere more interesting than his
own home.

20.

Part 2. Reading
Task 1. In boxes 1–7 on your answer sheet, circle: A (TRUE) if the statement agrees with the
information given in the text; B (FALSE) if the statement contradicts the information
given in the text or if there is no information given in the text.
1. Miss Temple took her time carefully selecting the four books which she bought
in the antique bookshop.
B
2. Her mistake resulted from her being pretty much a beginner in the field of
surveillance.
A
3. She bought a pair of glasses to read the books she had purchased in the antique
bookshop.
4. Miss Temple encrypted her notes so that nobody could understand them.
B
5. She promised the driver extra money for his services.
A
6. Miss Temple had to wait more than an hour for Roger to appear.
A
7. Roger had committed a terrible crime at work.
B
B

21.

Task 2. Choose option A, B, C or D which best fits according to the text. Circle the correct
letter in boxes 8–15 on your answer sheet.
10. What mistake did Miss Temple soon realise she
had made?
A) She had waited for Roger in the wrong place
B) She needn’t have made a purchase at the bookshop
C) She should have followed Roger back to the
Ministry when she had had the chance
D) She had re-crossed the square at the wrong place
8. Miss Temple thought it would be easy to
follow Roger because …
A) he always took a break at the same time.
B) his work schedule never changed.
C) he always ate lunch at a particular location.
D) she already knew the schedule of his working
day.
11. Miss Temple decided to follow Roger after work
9. Miss Temple bought a book at the bookshop
because …
A) she suddenly felt like buying something.
B) she was forced to by the shop owner.
C) she wanted a way to pass the time.
D) she needed an excuse to stay there
because …
A) she believed that was the time she could find out
what she wanted to know.
B) she couldn’t see what he was doing inside his
office.
C) she didn’t want to risk him seeing her outside his
office.
D) she had other, more important things to do during
the working day.

22.

12. How did Miss Temple’s purchases
make her feel about what she was
doing?
A) more determined
B) less personally involved
C) better prepared
D) less confused
14. When Roger left his office at about five
o’clock, Miss Temple …
A) watched him through her new opera
glasses.
B) saw him just before he got into a carriage.
C) had a sudden feeling of breathlessness.
D) pretended to be looking into an open
window.
13. The underlined word ‘this’ in the
text refers to …
A) the driver’s silence.
B) banging on the hood of the
carriage.
C) being asked to follow someone.
D) paying drivers well for their time.
15. Miss Temple’s excitement at following
Roger …
A) increased each time she caught sight of
him.
B) turned into boredom after a while.
C) ended when her carriage started following
him.
D) disappeared when she realised where he
was going.

23.

Answers
8
C
9
D
10
A
11
A
12
B
13
C
14
B
15
D

24.

Part 3. Use of
English
Task 1.
For items 1–10, read the text below. Use the word
given in capitals at the end of each line to form a
word that fits in the space in the same line. There is
an example at the beginning (0).

25.

Many people are under the (0) … that British food is awful.
IMPRESSION
IMPRE
SS
It is said to be (1) … and cooked badly, so the idea that Britain has some of the
best restaurants in the world is
TASTELESS
TASTE
usually met with roars of (2) … .
LAUG
H
LAUGHTER
However, perhaps this is a little (3) … .
UNFAIR
There have been some wonderful (4) … in recent years.
FAIR
IMPROVEMENTS
IMPRO
VE
EXCITING
EXCIT
E
There are now many (5) … restaurants serving high quality
dishes that have been very (6) … prepared. Also, many British chefs now have
SKILL
Michelin stars, which are only awarded to the world’s very best chefs. SKIL(L)FULLY
A good (7) … of food is available these days, too. In other words, the food being
served isn’t just French gourmet.
VARY
There has been a huge rise in the popularity of (8) … British dishes. Fortunately,
gone are the days when the only things on the menu were boiled vegetables and
stewed meat!
TRADITIONAL
TRADIT
ION
So, the next time you get a chance, be (9) … and try some real British food. You
ADVENT
VARIETY

26.

Task 2. For items 11–20, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
given. Do not change the word given. Use from three to five words. The number of words you should put in the gap is specified
in each case. Do NOT use contracted forms. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example: 0. “Let’s go to the cinema on Sunday,” said Ann.
wanted
Ann_____ _____ ____ ____ to the cinema on Sunday. (4 words)
0
wanted us to go

27.

11. The professor said that his assistant had given
away the secret formula.
ACCUSED
The professor accused
____ ____
____ of
____
his ____
assistant
giving
away the secret formula. (5 words)
12. They say a multinational company owns this
factory.
SAID
is said
be ____
owned
The factory ____
____to
____
____ by a
multinational company. (5 words)
13. I think they did not plan this.
MIGHT might not have planned /
They ____might
____have
____not
____
this.
planned
(4 words)
14. He will probably win the race.
LIKELY
is likely
to win
He ____
____ ____
____ the race. (4 words)
15. She woke up early so that she could catch the
5:30 train.
ORDER
order
catch
She woke up early in
____
____ to
____
____ the 5:30
train. (4 words)
16. Martin realised that he could never be an athlete.
BORN
was not born to be/
Martin realised that he
____
____ born
____ ____
was
never
to be____
an athlete. (5 words)
17. The teacher advised him to study harder.
WERE
“If ____
____
____ , I____
____study harder”, said
I were
you
would
the teacher. (5 words)
18. They are launching a new product these days.
IS
is being
A new product launched
____ ____ ____ these days. (3 words)
19. There were very few guests at Paula’s wedding
yesterday.
CAME
Hardlyany
____
____ ____
____
guests
came
to Paula’s wedding
yesterday. (4 words)
20. Our teacher demands that we hand in our
homework regularly.
INSISTS insists on us/our handing in/
insists that we hand in / insists
Our teacher ____
____ ____
____ ____ our
we should
hand in
homework regularly. (5 words)

28.

Part 4. Writing
Write a short description of any monument in Moscow which is
devoted to
World War II and recommend it to foreign tourists.
Write the name of the monument at the beginning on a separate line
(words are not counted in this line). The monument should be real, not
imaginary.
Remember to mention in your description:
✔ what the monument looks like;
✔ where the monument is located (area of Moscow);
✔ why you recommend it to foreign tourists.
Write 200–250 words.

29.

Муниципальный этап олимпиады 7-8
классы

30.

Listening (7-8)
Audio:
https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3WqKxBmEw1xLsg
Part 1
You will hear descriptions of five different walks planned for the guests of a hotel. For questions 1-5, choose from the list
(A-F) which statement applies to each walk. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to
use.
• A. This walk includes a guided
tour.
• B. This walk takes people
underground.
• C. This walk needs special
clothing.
• D. This walk includes a swim in
the river.
• E. This walk includes a trip on
water.
• F. This walk includes
refreshments
C
E
A
F
B

31.

Part 2
Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3WqKxBmEw1xLsg
You will hear an interview on the radio with a conservationist called Kay Giles, who is
trying to help schoolchildren understan the importance of protecting the environment.
For questions 6-11, choose the best answer (A, B or C).
6. What is Kay’s job?
A.a teacher
B.a journalist
C.a manager
7. What is the purpose of the
seminars Kay mentions?
A.to give support to teachers
B.to talk to students about the planet.
C.to make environmentalists more active

32.

Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3WqKxBmEw1xLsg
8. The projects are
designed to let the students
10. How many containers for recycling
should you have?
A.communicate with their families.
A.two
B.see for themselves
pollution.
the
consequences
of
B.three
C.Four
C.get away from their classrooms.
9. What does Kay think is
the best way for students to
learn
about
the
environment?
A. by reading articles and watching videos
B. by doing practical work
C. by doing both of the above
11. What is
government?
Kay’s
A.They are not active enough.
B.They are very fair.
C.They are communicative.
opinion
of
the

33.

Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3WqKxBmEw1xLsg
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio programme on which a reviewer talks about a newly published
book about a woman called Natalie Hardcastle. For questions 12-20, complete the sentences.
Natalie Hardcastle and her sons lived in a house which had no running water or (12)
electricity
___________________________.
Natalie’s childhood dreams of Olympic fame were ended by a
(13)_________________________________.
riding/car accident
When she met Tony Hardcastle, he was a rich (14)____________________________
and
businessman
a racing driver.
disaster
Tony’s risky business deals led to financial (15)_______________________________
leaving Natalie and her family penniless.
Europe
He went to (16) _______________________
to try to become a racing driver again.
Natalie then decided to start a travelling (17)_________________________________
clothes shop
and beauty parlour in the back of a van.
At weekends, Natalie travelled to small outback towns in the van, taking
(her/the)children
(18)___________________________
with her.
When Tony returned and made her give up her business, she soon ran out of
(19)____________________.
money
(barroom) fight
Tony died suddenly in a (20) ____________________
and left huge debts.

34.

Reading (7-8)
Part 1
Read the missing sentences A-F below and then read the text again. Choose the sentence which best
fits each gap (1-5) of the article. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.
CHILDHOOD FREEDOM
I was brought up in a huge house where all the children used to sleep in rooms on the top floor. We rarely
saw our parents, who were away a lot, and we felt rather frightened of them. I can never understand why
people think childhood is such a wonderful time. Perhaps, as they get older, they forget what really happened
when they were young. My own experience was not a happy one. People were always telling you off, and
were
constantly
asking
you
questions.(1)
I remember we were looked after by one rather interesting French nanny called Mademoiselle Burnod, who
seemed to us to be about 100. She was a wonderful person, not at all cruel or unpleasant. She was in love
with a local man in the village. Mademoiselle used to drink wine from a spoon and it was cough mixture, and
she taught us to enjoy eating salad. (2) So off I went to stay with some of my mother’s friends. They lived in a
large, old-fashioned house which lies on the river Loire. Nowadays, everybody seems to go abroad when they
are incredibly young, but to me, in those days, it was the most exciting thing that could happen. I don’t
remember on any occasion feeling homesick or not liking anything I had to eat. (3) When I first arrived in
France, I could only say a few sentences in French, but I learned very quickly. Certainly I don’t remember
feeling shy about speaking another language and I didn’t find it difficult at all. I spent a whole term at the
village school about half a mile away. (4) I didn’t feel like a child at all in some ways while I was in France.
Of course, I wasn’t left alone to do exactly what I wanted to. Grown-ups used to say, It’s bedtime’, or ‘Get up
and go to school’, but I don’t remember any adults ordering me about, or telling me off as they did at home. I
had a wonderful sense of freedom and I was glad just to be where I was. (5) I did not want to leave a place
where, for the first time in my life, I had been happy for a long period of time. I often wonder why I felt like
that. I certainly don’t think I have ever been quite so happy since. The experience also gave me a great
passion for France and for a long time after that I went every year.

35.

A.To tell the truth, I was so happy there that I was quite sorry when the time came to go
home.
B.In fact, I thought everything I tasted was delicious, and children don’t usually like
new tastes, do they?
C.It was there that I learned how to write with purple ink in square writing books with
great loopy French writing.
D.‘What are you reading?’, ‘Why did you say that?’ or ‘Have you combed your hair?’
E. It was because of her that, when I was asked, at the age of eight, if I wanted to go to
France, I thought, ‘Oh, yes. Sounds quite nice, France.’
F.On the way, I looked in my school bag and discovered a piece of bread, two lumps of
sugar and two squares of chocolate.
1
D
2
E B
3
4
5
C
A

36.

Part 2
You are going to read a magazine article about four different readers. For questions 6-20, choose from the people (A-D). The
people may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order.
Book Worms
A Isabella Milbank
People often comment that I’ve always got my head in a book. I just find that reading is such
a great way to pass idle moments; when I’m on the bus or in a doctor’s waiting room, for
example,
or
whenever
I
have
a
spare
minute,
really.
I’ll read almost anything, but on the whole, I tend to go for books that a friend has
recommended or that have had a positive write-up in a newspaper or magazine. That way,
you’re almost guaranteed to get a good read. And I guess I’d have to say that my favourite
kinds of books are modern crime thrillers. I just love it when the plots are really cleverly
constructed, especially when you can tell the author has thoroughly researched how modern
police work is carried out. Then, you get into it more easily because you feel like you’re
reading about something that really happened. The very best ones are those that keep you
guessing right up until the end. It’s so disappointing if you manage to work everything out half
way through.
B Emily Hawthorne
I used to read a lot of romantic novels, but I guess I sort of grew out of them. Now, I’m
hooked on biographies. I’ve read about so many different kinds of people: historical figures,
politicians, celebrities, you name it. They’re all interesting in their own way, but when I’m not
in the mood for anything too heavy, I just go for something more light-hearted: the gossip and
scandals of the rich and famous, for example!
I enjoy autobiographies, too, but I sometimes wonder how true a picture they actually paint. I
mean, when you’re writing about yourself, it must be tempting to leave out anything that
shows you in a bad light. You’re probably more likely to get a more rounded picture of the
person by reading a well-researched biography.

37.

C Ian Reed
I don’t usually read purely for entertainment; I guess it just feels like a waste of time to me.
But what I do enjoy reading are books that I think I can learn something from. You know,
non-fiction books about historical events or current or political issues like the environment,
for example. I realise these kinds of books aren’t everyone’s cup of tea, but it’s a shame that
more people don’t give them a try. I admit that in the past they, could often be a bit tricky to
read, but that has all changed now. These days, plenty of them are written in quite an
entertaining style and in a language that any reasonably educated person can comprehend.
You can learn an incredible amount about the world by reading those kinds of books.
D Henry Crawford
I most enjoy reading when I know I can sit down for at least a couple of hours without
being disturbed. Sunday mornings are the best time. I guess some would say that I read a
fairly narrow range of books. I do read the occasional modern novel, when something
particularly catches my attention, but generally, I prefer the classics, by authors like Dickens
and Eliot, for example. They are both wonderful, of course, but in my opinion, no one
compares to Jane Austen!
People are often surprised when I tell them that Jane Austen is my favourite author because
they think she only wrote romance novels. Her books do deal with love and marriage, but on
the whole, they’re actually more about general relationships and human nature. And they’re
hilarious at times, too, which makes them incredibly entertaining to read. I’ve read all of her
books, some of them several times over. They are like old friends you need to meet up with
every once in a while!

38.

A/C
D
C
B
B
A
D
C/A
D
D
B
B
D
A
C

39.

Use of English (7-8)
Part 1
For questions 1-7, read the text about Zippo the clown and think of the word, which best
fits each space. Use only one word in each space.
The boss behind the make-up
It has been a bad day for Zippo. His star acrobat has been taken to hospital
with suspected appendicitis. But Zippo has known far worse days (1) _____
than
this. After ten years on the road, he says that you learn what’s involved in
every part of the circus, even dealing with a fire-eating accident, that
a
resulted in a three-month stay in hospital for him. Zippo, is (2)_____
teacher training college graduate who was born with the name Martin
Burton. He changed his name to Zippo and has been a circus performer (3)
for the last 21 years. Although he has not made a huge profit (4)since
_____
_____
he started the circus, he would not change jobs. There (5)_____
used to be good
money in running a circus but today there is not. Zippo and his wife have a
house in England, which is their winter home, as well as being their
business address. Every year they have a holiday abroad, where they visit
circuses and look for new acts. Apart from that, all the money they make is
into the business. Zippo usually takes on up to 60 employees
put back (6) _____
at a time, in addition (7) _____
to wife and their 22 year-old son. Zippo’s
circus consists entirely of human performers and has always performed
without any animals.

40.

Part 2
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word
given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words including the word
given.
8.There’s no juice in the fridge – it looks they drank it all last night.
HAVE
have drunk juice last night because there is none in the fridge now.
They must
_____________
9.Unless the train is late, they’ll arrive at eight o’clock.
ON
They’ll arrive at eight o’clock provided the
____________________
train arrives/is on time.
10.Karen failed to persuade the landlord to change the locks.
SUCCEED
succeed in persuading
Karendidn’t
___________________
the landlord to change the locks.
11. They are building a new road through the town
BUILT
is being built
A new road ___________________through
the town
12. The teacher advised him to study harder
WERE
I were you I would
“If _______________________
study harder”, said the teacher.
13.Are you going to study during the holidays?
IF
I was going
Natalia asked meif______________
to study during the holidays.

41.

Part 3
Do the word puzzle. Find the extra word.
ELEGANT
Extra word: ________________
14. rings, necklaces, etc.
15. something you wear to protect
your eyes from the sun
16. shoes, trainers, etc.
17. the opposite of tight
18. modern
19. not following modern styles
20. a smart outfit that people often
wear for work or to a formal event
14
J EWELL E R Y
15
S UNG LA S S E S
16
F OO T WEA R
17
G
BAG
GY
U PT O D A T E
19
UN F AS HIONAB LE
20
SUI T

42.

Writing (7-8)
You should spend 40 minutes on this task.
A group of American students is touring Russia and is coming to Izhevsk for two days. You
have been asked by your English teacher to write a report (150-180 words), recommending
what the group should see and do, giving reasons for your recommendations.
Use the following expressions and underline them in your work:
Paragraph 1 explain the purpose of your report
Paragraph 2 recommend what places to visit in the first day
Paragraph 3 recommend what to do in the second day
Paragraph 4 write a conclusion
Use the following words and expressions:
• an enjoyable thing to do
• plenty of
• to provide
• another advantage
• I suggest

43.

Test in Country Studies (7-8)
Complete the crossword. You have 30 minutes to do this task. Mark your answers on the separate
answer sheet.
Capital letters in proper names might be replaced by small letters.
16
20
18
10
8
17
13
15
9
14
6
11
2
3
12
1
5
7
4
19

44.

Across
Down
1. What is the name of the prison in the past and the
2. The Statue of Liberty was made in __________.
museum now?
3. ___________ is a naval engagement between the
4. The _______ is a short and fun five-line poem with a
British Navy and the French and Spanish Navies. The
distinctive rhythm.
square in London was named after this battle.
5. The oldest American college is __________.
6. __________ is considered to be the American national
7. What wind did Mary Poppins arrive with?
sport.
9. The _______ Strait separates the USA from Russia.
8. The most important airport in Great Britain.
11. Which is Canada’s largest financial, commercial and
industrial centre?
12. Loch Ness is a __________.
14. How many parts does the UK consist of?
15. The deepest river in Great Britain.
17. How do we call the national Scottish skirt.
18. Mark ____________ is the pen name of Samuel
Clemens, the American author who wrote «The
Adventures of Tom Sawyer».
10. Wimbledon is associated with __________.
13. English statesman and commander, leader of the
English Revolution XVII.
16. What is the American word for » holiday»?
19. St. Andrew is the patron of __________.
20. What nickname did King Richard I get?

45.

16
20
v
l
18 t w a i n
10
19
i
8
15 t h a m e s
c
o
a
h
n
e
c
t
e r i n g
17 k i l
13
9 b
h
o
i
a
e
n
t
c
t
a
i
14
6
l
f o u r
h
r
s
n
a
o
b
r
n
11 m o n t r e
2
l
a
o
d
w
3
s
f
e
12 l a k e
1 t o w e r
l
r
b
a
l
n
5 h a r v a r d
f
l
c
l
a
7 e a s t e r n
4
l
g
a
l i m e r i c k

46.

Муниципальный этап олимпиады 9-11 классы

47.

Listening (9-11)
Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/4fNszKU8EbC1
Part 1
Task 1
You will hear an interview with Cindy Talbot on the radio programme, Young hero or heroine of the week. For
questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
1. How did Cindy react when she heard the
thunder?
C. removing a tree blocking the road
D. making their way to a nearby hospital
A. She decided to take a rest until the storm passed. 4. What was Rod and Mark’s initial reaction to
B. She was relieved that the storm was so far away. Cindy’s story?
C. She felt rather worried about what the storm might
bring.
A. They were dubious about its authenticity.
D. She was surprised by the closeness of the storm. B. They were amazed by her lucky escape.
2. How did Cindy regard her decision to take
C. They were worried about the long-term effects on
shelter from the storm?
her health.
D. They were curious about the outcome.
A. She thought it was sensible.
5. What effect has the experience had on Cindy?
B. She admitted it was understandable.
C. She found it incomprehensible.
A. She is more aware of her own limitations.
D. She knew it was inadvisable.
B. She is wary of hiking long distances alone.
3. What were Rod and Mark doing when they saw C. She is adamant not to let it stop her pursuing her
Cindy?
interests.
D. She is reluctant to venture out in stormy weather.
A. walking in the woods
B. travelling along a forest path

48.

Task 2
Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/4fNszKU8EbC1
You will hear this part twice. You are going to hear wolf expert Shaun Ellis talking about his experience of
living with wolves. First, read through questions 6-10 and decide what parts of speech or type of
information might be needed.
As a young child, Shaun’s knowledge of wolves came from books and
field biologist in the USA.
films. In his twenties, Shaun became a 6 basic
_______________
Shaun’s colleagues considered his method of studying wolves extremely
dangerous. After his initial encounter with wolves, Shaun developed 7
respect
_______________
for them. Shaun and the wolves lived mainly on a
(raw) deer and elk Shaun felt no desire for to have a contact
diet of 8 _______________.
with humans during his time with the wolves. One day an incident
involving food made Shaun aware that he was in a very 9
vulnerable
_______________
position. On one occasion, a wolf protected Shaun
bear
and the pack from a 10 _______________.
After leaving the wolves,
Shaun experienced a massive culture shock.

49.

Part 2
Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/4fNszKU8EbC1
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about problematic relationships they have had
with people at work. While you listen you must complete both tasks. You will hear this part twice.
Task 1
For questions 11-15, choose from the list (A- H) what each speaker says caused the problems.
While you listen you must complete both tasks.
Speaker 1
H
A.
a lack of ambition
11|
B.
a reluctance to pull together as a team
Speaker 2
12|
C.
a highly competitive nature
D
Speaker 3
F
D.
a domineering attitude
13|
E.
an unreasonable increase in workload
Speaker 4
14|
F.
a lack of sensitivity in a tricky situation
G.
a series of disagreements
H.
a clash of personalities
C
Speaker 5
15|
E

50.

Task 2
Audio: https://disk.yandex.ru/d/4fNszKU8EbC1
For questions 16-20, choose from the list (A-H) what step each speaker took to solve the problems.
A.
complained to someone in a higher position
B.
took compassionate leave
C.
decided to look for another position elsewhere
Speaker 1
16|
C
Speaker 2
17|
G
Speaker 3
D.
fought back using the same weapons
18|
E.
accepted the situation but felt bitter about it
Speaker 4
F.
tried to get the message across about how they felt
19|
A
H
Speaker 5
G.
decided not to take the problem too seriously
H.
backed down to avoid unpleasantness
20|
F

51.

Reading (9-11)
Part 1
Having a laugh
The findings of psychological scientists reveal the importance of humour
Humans start developing a sense of humour as early as six weeks old, when babies
begin to laugh and smile in response to stimuli. Laughter is universal across all human
cultures and even exists in some form in rats, chimps, and bonobos. Like other human
emotions and expressions, laughter and humour provide psychological scientists with
rich resources for studying human psychology, ranging from the development of
language to the neuroscience of social perception.
Questions 1-5
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
1. When referring to laughter in the first paragraph, the writer emphasises
A. its impact on language.
B. its function in human culture.
C. its value to scientific research.
D. its universality in animal societies.
2. What does the writer suggest about Charley Douglass?
Theories focusing on the evolution of laughter point to it as an important adaptation
for social communication. Take, for example, the recorded laughter in TV comedy
shows. Back in 1950, US sound engineer Charley Douglass hated dealing with the
unpredictable laughter of live audiences, so started recording his own ‘laugh tracks’.
These were intended to help people at home feel like they were in a social situation,
such as a crowded theatre. Douglass even recorded various types of laughter, as well as
mixtures of laughter from men, women, and children. In doing so, he picked up on a
quality of laughter that is now interesting researchers: a simple ‘haha’ communicates a
remarkable amount of socially relevant information.
In one study conducted in 2016, samples of laughter from pairs of English-speaking
students were recorded at the University of California, Santa Cruz. A team made up of
more than 30 psychological scientists, anthropologists, and biologists then played
these recordings to listeners from 24 diverse societies, from indigenous tribes in New
Guinea to city-dwellers in India and Europe. Participants were asked whether they
thought the people laughing were friends or strangers. On average, the results were
remarkably consistent: worldwide, people’s guesses were correct approximately 60%
of the time.
Researchers have also found that different types of laughter serve as codes to complex
human social hierarchies. A team led by Christopher Oveis from the University of
California, San Diego, found that high-status individuals had different laughs from
low-status individuals, and that strangers’ judgements of an individual’s social status
were influenced by the dominant or submissive quality of their laughter. In their study,
48 male college students were randomly assigned to groups of four, with each group
composed of two low-status members, who had just joined their college fraternity
group, and two high-status members, older students who had been active in the
fraternity for at least two years. Laughter was recorded as each student took a turn at
being teased by the others, involving the use of mildly insulting nicknames. Analysis
revealed that, as expected, high-status individuals produced more dominant laughs and
fewer submissive laughs relative to the low-status individuals. Meanwhile, low-status
individuals were more likely to change their laughter based on their position of power;
that is, the newcomers produced more dominant laughs when they were in the
‘powerful’ role of teasers. Dominant laughter was higher in pitch, louder, and more
variable in tone than submissive laughter.
A. He understood the importance of enjoying humour in a group setting.
B. He believed that TV viewers at home needed to be told when to laugh.
C. He wanted his shows to appeal to audiences across the social spectrum.
D. He preferred shows where audiences were present in the recording
studio.
3. What makes the Santa Cruz study particularly significant?
A. the various different types of laughter that were studied
B. the similar results produced by a wide range of cultures
C. the number of different academic disciplines involved
D. the many kinds of people whose laughter was recorded
4. Which of the following happened in the San Diego study?
A. Some participants became very upset.
B. Participants exchanged roles.
C. Participants who had not met before became friends.
D. Some participants were unable to laugh.
5. In the fifth paragraph, what did the results of the San Diego study
suggest?
A. It is clear whether a dominant laugh is produced by a high- or lowstatus person.
B. Low-status individuals in a position of power will still produce
submissive laughs.
C. The submissive laughs of low- and high-status individuals are
surprisingly similar.
D. High-status individuals can always be identified by their way of

52.

Questions 6-10
Complete the summary using the list of words, A-H, below. Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 6-10 on
your answer sheet.
The benefits of humour
In one study at Australian National University, randomly chosen groups of participants were
shown one of three videos, each designed to generate a different kind of 6______________. When
all participants were then given a deliberately frustrating task to do, it was found that those who
had watched the 7______________ video persisted with the task for longer and tried harder to
accomplish the task than either of the other two groups.
A second study in which participants were asked to perform a particularly 8_______________
task produced similar results. According to researchers David Cheng and Lu Wang, these findings
suggest that humour not only reduces 9_____________ and helps build social connections but it
may also have a 10_____________ effect on the body and mind.
F
H
C
D
E
A laughter
D anxiety
G enjoyment
B relaxing
E stimulating
H amusing
C boring
F emotion

53.

Questions 11-14
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet, write
YES
NO
NOT GIVEN
if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
11. Participants in the Santa Cruz study were more accurate at identifying the laughs of friends than those of
NOT GIVEN
strangers.
12. The researchers in the San Diego study were correct in their predictions regarding the behaviour of the
high-status individuals. YES
13. The participants in the Australian National University study were given a fixed amount of time to
complete the task focusing on employee profiles. NO
14. Cheng and Wang’s conclusions were in line with established notions regarding task performance.

54.

Part 2
Read the article about the Hollywood film industry. Seven paragraphs have been removed from the article.
Choose from the paragraphs A-G below the one which fits each gap (15-20). There is one extra paragraph which
you do not need to use.
Hollywood
In the years after the Second World War, the Hollywood film industry underwent a major transformation.
Increased competition from foreign films, falling numbers of cinema audiences, and attacks on the studio
structure by government agencies led to a loss of revenue which crippled the American industry, and forced it
into rapid and profound change.
15__________________________________________________________________
This phenomenon cannot simply be blamed on the rise of television, as it began five years before television
existed as a viable alternative to movie-going. After the Second World War, there was a demographic and
cultural shift in urban America that profoundly altered the leisure patterns of US society.
16__________________________________________________________________
The Hollywood studios were not oblivious to these population shifts. They saw the need to provide new theatres,
and, once the necessary building materials became available, they began the process of constructing 4,000 driveins throughout the USA. The drive-in theatre offered a pleasant, open space where movie fans in parked cars
could watch double features on a massive screen. By June 1956, at the very height of the drift away from the
urban environment to green belt areas, and of the baby-boom, more people in the USA went to the drive-ins than
to the traditional ‘hard-top’ theatres.
17 __________________________________________________________________

55.

Meanwhile, the shift of movie houses to where the audience was now located created another problem for the
shaking foundations of the Hollywood studios. The disappearance of the division between ‘first-run’ houses in
town centres showing prestige pictures, and local neighbourhood cinemas, changed the pattern of film demand,
necessitating a major change in the organization of film production.
18 __________________________________________________________________
Even before the war, Hollywood studios had been up in arms about attempts to break up their vertically integrated
systems of production, distribution and exhibition. They appealed the case all the way to the Supreme Court; but
1948 proved to be the end of the road, and, in what became known as the ‘Paramount decision’, the court ruled for
the divorce of production and exhibition, and the elimination of unfair booking practices.
19___________________________________________________________________
However, the studios still retained a significant measure of direct control through international distribution. The
‘Paramount decision’ wounded Hollywood, but did not break it. Although the major companies would have
adjusted far better to the new conditions had they retained their theatres, they still held sway as long as they
produced what exhibitors and audiences wanted.
20_____________________________________________________________________

56.

Missing paragraphs
A. A further blow to the stability of the studio system was delivered by the government. The years immediately
after the war saw the culmination of federal antitrust action against the Hollywood studios: a campaign that had
started in the 1930s, but had been temporarily halted by the war.
B. So Hollywood looked to innovation and new technology to tempt patrons back to the theatres. Films were
designed on a spectacular scale, clearly superior to the black and white video images broadcast into the home.
The first of the ‘new’ film technologies, colour, had long been available to the movie industry.
C. People were cashing in the savings bonds accumulated during the war and buying houses in the suburbs,
accelerating a trend which had begun at the turn of the century. This took away the heart of the film-going
audience. Suburbanization also raised the cost of going out to the movies; upon relocation it became
inconvenient and expensive to travel to the centre of town simply to see a film.
D. A more permanent solution arrived with the shopping centre theatre. As new malls opened in record
numbers, the locus of movie attendance permanently shifted. With acres of free parking and ideal access for the
car, shopping centres generally included a multiplex with five or more screens.
E. In 1952, the Hollywood studios went one step further, and made their movies bigger. Cinemas offered
spectacular widescreen effects by melding images from three synchronized projectors on a vast curved screen.
To add to the sense of overwhelming reality, it also included multi- track stereo sound.
F. Perhaps the most important watershed in the Hollywood system began in the middle of the last century.
Certainly, by the early 1960s, attendances at US movie houses were half what they had been during the glory
days, and thousands of flourishing theatres had closed forever.
G. During Hollywood’s ‘golden age’, the major studios had directly controlled their own destinies by owning
the most important theatres. Now they were legally obliged to sell these off, and split their companies in two;
the ‘golden age’ was over and a new age loomed.

57.

Part 2
Read the article about the Hollywood film industry. Seven paragraphs have been removed from the article.
Choose from the paragraphs A-G below the one which fits each gap (15-20). There is one extra paragraph which
you do not need to use.
Hollywood
In the years after the Second World War, the Hollywood film industry underwent a major transformation.
Increased competition from foreign films, falling numbers of cinema audiences, and attacks on the studio
structure by government agencies led to a loss of revenue which crippled the American industry, and forced it
into rapid and profound change.
15__________________________________________________________________
F
This phenomenon cannot simply be blamed on the rise of television, as it began five years before television
existed as a viable alternative to movie-going. After the Second World War, there was a demographic and
cultural shift in urban America that profoundly altered the leisure patterns of US society.
16__________________________________________________________________
C
The Hollywood studios were not oblivious to these population shifts. They saw the need to provide new theatres,
and, once the necessary building materials became available, they began the process of constructing 4,000 driveins throughout the USA. The drive-in theatre offered a pleasant, open space where movie fans in parked cars
could watch double features on a massive screen. By June 1956, at the very height of the drift away from the
urban environment to green belt areas, and of the baby-boom, more people in the USA went to the drive-ins than
to the traditional ‘hard-top’ theatres.
17 __________________________________________________________________
D

58.

Meanwhile, the shift of movie houses to where the audience was now located created another problem for the
shaking foundations of the Hollywood studios. The disappearance of the division between ‘first-run’ houses in
town centres showing prestige pictures, and local neighbourhood cinemas, changed the pattern of film demand,
necessitating a major change in the organization of film production.
18 __________________________________________________________________
A
Even before the war, Hollywood studios had been up in arms about attempts to break up their vertically integrated
systems of production, distribution and exhibition. They appealed the case all the way to the Supreme Court; but
1948 proved to be the end of the road, and, in what became known as the ‘Paramount decision’, the court ruled for
the divorce of production and exhibition, and the elimination of unfair booking practices.
19___________________________________________________________________
G
However, the studios still retained a significant measure of direct control through international distribution. The
‘Paramount decision’ wounded Hollywood, but did not break it. Although the major companies would have
adjusted far better to the new conditions had they retained their theatres, they still held sway as long as they
produced what exhibitors and audiences wanted.
B
20_____________________________________________________________________

59.

Use of English (9-11)
Part 1
Read the sentence and correct any errors. Tick any sentences that are error-free.
1. A successful business encourages staff to be knowledgable and enthusiastic about its products.
2. All staff need training, even those on the very top such as senior managers and directors.
3. John asked if he could be given another week to think about the offer.
4. Air-conditioning is installed at the weekend so the office will be closed from Friday to Monday.
5. Scarcely had they left the building then the alarms were activated.
6. No longer they will be able to claim the right to be tried in their own country.
7. There are many occasions when it would be easier not to say the truth.
8. Unless you didn’t give up eating so much meat, you will continue to feel tired.
9. If you need to keep fit, then why not take on a sport such as squash or tennis?
10. Despite of the freezing temperatures, the Hawker family continued with their walking holidays.
1.
knowledgeable
6.
No longer will they
2.
at the very top
7.
tell the truth
3.
✓
8.
omit didn’t
take up
4.
is being installed
9.
5.
when
10.
Despite the…

60.

Part 2.
Match the pairs of verbs in A and B. Then match each pair with the correct
definition in C.
Pairs of verbs
Definition
A
B
11
hit
rave
m
choose whatever suits you
12
live
see
n
inexact
13
wait
miss
o
14
pick
change
p
complain by shouting
angrily
become wiser
15
rant
learn
q
16
chop
choose
r
and
C
repeatedly change one’s
mind
be patient and find out
later

61.

11
n hit and miss
12
p live and learn
13
r wait and see
14
m pick and choose
15
o rant and rave
16
q chop and change

62.

Part 3
Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use an idiom with the
bold words in the correct form.
17. Our friends buy many things they can’t afford.
MEANS
beyond their means
Our friends are living _____________________________________.
18. We’re overdrawn.
RED
in the red
We’re _____________________________________.
19. Bill’s new laptop was a very reasonable price.
VALUE
good value for money
Bill’s new laptop was (very)
_____________________________________.
20. My in-laws are extremely mean.
FIST
tight-fisted
My in-laws are very _____________________________________.

63.

Writing (9-11)
You should spend 40 minutes on this task.
You recently completed a new optional course at your
school. The Principal has asked you to write a report on the
course.
Use the following expressions and underline them in
your work:
possible amendments
to give sb insight into sth
to apply oneself
with flying colours
to play truant
Write a report of 240 — 270 words.

64.

Test in Country Studies
14
Complete the crossword. You have 30 minutes to do this task. Mark your answers on the separate
answer sheet. Capital letters in proper names might be replaced by small letters.
18
12
19
1
17
9
7
15
20
3
11
S
6
5
8
13
10
2
4
16

65.

1.
The Englishman who invented shoelaces
annoys them so much. Oscar Wilde.
15.
and the 35th president of the United States
has this surname.
descending order of population): London,
8.
Who abolished slavery in the USA in
Birmingham, Leeds, Sheffield, Liverpool
1862?
2.
The six largest cities in England (in
and…
My mom always said life was like a box of
_________. You never know what you’re
gonna get. Forrest Gump.
9.
In British English, this cereal plant is called
16.
«maize», while in American English it is
In the suburbs of which city is the action in
the story «Mary Poppins» unfolding?
called…
3.
Queen Mary Tudor of England, who tried
to carry out a Catholic Reformation and
burned 300 people, was called … Mary.
17.
10. Which flower symbolizes Memorial Day in
dreaming spires»?
the USA?
18.
4.
Which country does England border on in
the north?
5.
In British English, a student studying in the
second year of a course is called a «secondyear student», while in American English
he/she is called…
6.
Queen Elizabeth II is formally the owner of
such countries as England, Australia, New
Zealand and…?
7.
Always forgive your ________; nothing
Which city has the nickname the «city of
11. The favorite dish of American Santa Claus
shares its name with the verb meaning «say
is milk and…
12. Give the first name of the person who owns
something indistinctly and quietly»?
19.
all the swans living on the River Thames.
13. What is the surname of a famous American
writer who was the first to type his novel
«The Adventures of Tom Sawyer» on a
typewriter?
14. Which flower is the national symbol of
England?
The name of the village in Wales that
Which king united the eternally warring
England and Scotland?
20.
The surname of the first American
astronaut who was the first to step on the
moon. The famous American jazz
trumpeter also has this surname.

66.

Test in Country Studies
Complete the crossword. You have 30 minutes to do this task. Mark your answers on the separate
answer sheet. Capital letters in proper names might be replaced by small letters.
14
7
r
18
16
o
12
19 j
a m e s
l
1 k e
17
u
o
e
n n e d y
l
9 c o r n
m
n
15
3 b l
x
e n e m i e s
o o d y
m
z
f
l
o
20
11 c o o k i e
a
a
s
n
a
n
b
r
s
6 c a n a d a
r
e
m
h
t
5
s o
p h o m o r e
t
r
10 p o p p y
n
g
8
l
s
13 t w a i n
n
e
2 c h o c o
r
o
4
s c o t l a n d
n
l a
t
e s

67.

ОЛИМПИАДА ШКОЛЬНИКОВ
ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ЭТАП
9 — 11 класс

68.

For items 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. DO NOT CHANGE the word. The number of words you should write is specified
in each sentence. Write down the needed words. The first example (0) is done for you.
Example: 0. I consider him my worst enemy.
Look
look __
upon__
him __
as my worst enemy.
I__
1. I don’t want to take part in the project.
Rather
I would
__ rather
__ __
not take part in the project.

69.

2. People will always want entertainment, providing that they have
the time to enjoy it.
Long
as people have
There will always be a need for entertainmentas__long
__ __
the time to enjoy it.
3. The play was not as good as we had expected.
Live
up__
to our expectations.
The play did not live
__ __

70.

4. They have replaced the old glass bottles with new plastic ones.
Substituted
New plastic bottleshave
_____
_____
_____ ______
been
substituted
for the old glass ones.
5. Ann realized she’d forgotten to buy milk the moment she came
home.
Sooner
had Ann
home___
thanshe realized she’d forgotten to buy milk.
Nosooner
___ ___
___ come
___ ___

71.

6. I was just about to call you to cancel the party.
Point
calling
I was onthe
___point
___ of
___
___ you to cancel the party.
7. They were supposed to publish my article in April but it’s been
delayed.
Due
was___
due___
to be published in April, it’s been
Although my article ___
delayed.

72.

8. I planned to visit her on Friday but I heard she’d gone on holiday.
Would
Iwould
____ have
____visited
____ her on Friday but I heard she’d gone on
holiday.
9. I’m going to make you responsible for this department.
Charge
in charge
I’m going to put you _____
_____of_____ this department.

73.

10. I thought very hard but couldn’t remember his name.
Racked
brains/brain
I racked
____ my
____
____ trying to remember his name.

74.

For items 11-20, choose a word from the box to fill in the gaps in the sentences. The meaning of
the word is given in brackets. Write the correct letter. The first example (0) is done for you.
(A) ankle, (B) arm, (C) back, (D) chest, (E) ear, (F) elbow, (G) eye, (H) face, (I) finger, (J) foot,
(K) hair, (L) hand, (M) head, (N) heart, (O) knee, (P) leg, (Q) lip, (R) mouth, (S) neck, (T) nose,
(U) shoulder, (V) throat, (W) thumb, (X) toe, (Y) tooth, (Z) wrist
Example: 0 The nature … of the clock isn’t moving (a
part of a clock or watch that points to the numbers).
0. L (hand)
11. Teddy, I think I have found our bottle … (a
hindrance to progress).
11. S (neck)

75.

(A) ankle, (B) arm, (C) back, (D) chest, (E) ear, (F) elbow, (G) eye, (H) face, (I) finger, (J)
foot, (K) hair, (L) hand, (M) head, (N) heart, (O) knee, (P) leg, (Q) lip, (R) mouth, (S)
neck, (T) nose, (U) shoulder, (V) throat, (W) thumb, (X) toe, (Y) tooth, (Z) wrist
12. The car broke down, so he had to pull it over onto the hard
… (an area at the side of the road, where a driver can stop if
there is a serious problem).
12. U (shoulder)
13. Being able to speak French gave her a … start over the
other candidates (an advantage that somebody already has
before they start doing something).
13. M (head)
14. Quebec is at the … of the St. Lawrence River (the part of
a river where it joins the sea).
14. R (mouth)

76.

(A) ankle, (B) arm, (C) back, (D) chest, (E) ear, (F) elbow, (G) eye, (H) face,
(I) finger, (J) foot, (K) hair, (L) hand, (M) head, (N) heart, (O) knee, (P) leg,
(Q) lip, (R) mouth, (S) neck, (T) nose, (U) shoulder, (V) throat, (W) thumb,
(X) toe, (Y) tooth, (Z) wrist
15. No matter how hard Sue tried, she couldn’t get the thread through the …
of the needle (the small gap in a needle, with just enough space for thread
to pass through).
15. G (eye)
16. Her books and clothes were packed into a big … and shipped across to
Russia (a large strong box, usually made of wood, used for storing things
in and/or moving them from one place to another).
16. D (chest)

77.

(A) ankle, (B) arm, (C) back, (D) chest, (E) ear, (F) elbow, (G) eye, (H) face,
(I) finger, (J) foot, (K) hair, (L) hand, (M) head, (N) heart, (O) knee, (P) leg,
(Q) lip, (R) mouth, (S) neck, (T) nose, (U) shoulder, (V) throat, (W) thumb,
(X) toe, (Y) tooth, (Z) wrist
17. In October the museums and art galleries are less crowded, and there’s
more … room in cafes and shops (enough space in which to move easily).
17. F (elbow)
18. Take one … of corn and put it in boiling water (the top part of a grain
plant, such as wheat or corn, that contains the seeds).
18. E (ear)

78.

(A) ankle, (B) arm, (C) back, (D) chest, (E) ear, (F) elbow, (G) eye, (H)
face, (I) finger, (J) foot, (K) hair, (L) hand, (M) head, (N) heart, (O) knee,
(P) leg, (Q) lip, (R) mouth, (S) neck, (T) nose, (U) shoulder, (V) throat,
(W) thumb, (X) toe, (Y) tooth, (Z) wrist
19. The men looked tired as the carriage approached the final … of the trip
to the big house on the hill (one part of a long journey or race).
19. P (leg)
20. He ran his finger around the … of the cup (the edge of a container).
20. Q (lip)

79.

For items 21-30, match the names of American states (column 1) with their capitals (column 2).
There are 2 extra names in column 2 which you don’t have to use.
1
2
21. Alaska F
22. California H
23. Georgia B
24. Louisiana D
25. Massachusetts E
26. New Mexico K
27. New York A
28. Texas C
29. Tennessee G
30. Utah I
A. Albany
B. Atlanta
C. Austin
D. Baton Rouge
E. Boston
F. Juneau
G. Nashville
H. Sacramento
I. Salt Lake City
J. San Francisco
K. Santa Fe
L. Philadelphia

80.

LISTENING
Audio:
https://vos.olimpiada.ru/upload/files/Arhive_tasks/2019
-20/region/engl/audio-engl-9-11-pism-reg-19-20.mp3

81.

Task
For items 1-10 listen to1part of an interview about
statistics and decide whether the statements (1-10)
are TRUE (A), or FALSE (B) according to the text
you hear. You will hear the text TWICE.

82.

83.

84.

85.

86.

Task
2
For items 11-15 listen to the telephone
conversation. Choose the correct answer (A, B or
C) to answer questions 11-15. You will hear the
text only ONCE.

87.

88.

INTEGRATED LISTENING AND
READING

89.

Read the text below, then
Tasklisten to part of an
interview on the same topic. You will notice that
3
some ideas coincide and some differ in them.
Answer questions 16-25 by choosing A if the idea
is expressed in both materials, B if it can be
found only in the reading text, C if it can be
found only in the audio-recording, and D if
neither of the materials expresses the idea.

90.

91.

92.

С
С
A
С
B
A
B
С
D
B

93.

READING

94.

Task
4

95.

26. surprise that reefs flourish in a part of the sea that should be
incapable of sustaining life
27. circumstances in which polluters have been made to
contribute towards the repair of coral reefs
28. the relative ignorance that exists about damage to the sea as
compared to awareness of other environmental issues
29. a factor that makes extensive human repair to coral reefs
problematic
30. the fact that the range of species supported by coral reefs is
comparable to another habitat
31. the importance of limiting damage to coral reefs in order to
allow self-repair to occur
32. the fact that people living near coral reefs have always taken
advantage of their resources
33. the relative difficulty of evaluating different reefs according to
how they are exploited
34. the cost of constructing sea barriers to perform the same
function as coral reefs
35. the fact that the size of coral reefs cannot protect them
against the pollution and damage caused by people
36. the reason why the capacity of coral reefs for self-repair is
being diminished
37. the considerable progress that has been made in improving
public awareness of the threat to coral reefs
Всероссийская олимпиада школьников по английскому
языку 2020 г. региональный этап стр. 6 из 8
38. growing acceptance of the view that polluters should be
made accountable for environmental damage

96.

97.

98.

99.

100.

101.

A
E
Task
C
4
D
A
D
B

102.

26. surprise that reefs flourish in a part of the sea that should be
E
B
A
incapable of sustaining life
27. circumstances in which polluters have been made to
contribute towards the repair of coral reefs
28. the relative ignorance that exists about damage to the sea as
compared to awareness of other environmental issues
29. a factor that makes extensive human repair to coral reefs
problematic
30. the fact that the range of species supported by coral reefs is
comparable to another habitat
31. the importance of limiting damage to coral reefs in order to
B
C
E
B
C
allow self-repair to occur
32. the fact that people living near coral reefs have always taken
advantage of their resources
33. the relative difficulty of evaluating different reefs according to
how they are exploited
34. the cost of constructing sea barriers to perform the same
function as coral reefs
35. the fact that the size of coral reefs cannot protect them
against the pollution and damage caused by people
36. the reason why the capacity of coral reefs for self-repair is
being diminished
37. the considerable progress that has been made in improving
public awareness of the threat to coral reefs
Всероссийская олимпиада школьников по английскому
языку 2020 г. региональный этап стр. 6 из 8
38. growing acceptance of the view that polluters should be
made accountable for environmental damage

103.

Use of English
Time: 60
minutes

104.

Coral Reef
Over the ages coral reefs have proved extraordinarily resilient,
yet sadly their health and, in some cases, their very survival is
now being threatened. Sue Wells and Nick Hanna explain.
look upon
him
as

105.

106.

107.

the reason for/behind many families
make up their minds
in the habit of playing
was at a loss
highly likely/probable/possible/ the/this film

108.

let alone bake
would never have complained/never would have complained/ would have never complaine
costs more now than /now costs more than/ costs now more than
did Cathy imagine
made it impossible for

109.

V

110.

V

111.

Task
1
For items 1 – 10, complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. DO
NOT CHANGE the word given. DO NOT USE SHORT FORMS.
The number of words you should write is specified in each
sentence. Write down the needed words on your answer sheet.
The first example (0) is done for you.
Example: 0. I consider him my worst enemy.
look
I ______ ______ ______ ______ my worst enemy. (4 words) 0. I
look upon him as my worst enemy.
V

112.

V

113.

3. Jeremy usually plays football on Saturdays.
habit
Jeremy is ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ football on Saturdays. (5
words)

114.

115.

p
s
u
d
e x c e p t i o na l
p
t
с
с
m
l
c
h
a d j u s t me n t
i
r
a
i
r
e
s
e
c o m m o n
k
s
i
i
v
i
n
o
e
r c e n t a g e
e
n
m
v
g
a
e
e
l
n
r
l
t
a
y
s
g
e

116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

121.

122.

123.

J
G
L
K
C
D
A
E
O
P

124.

Writing
Time: 1 hour 15
minutes

125.

126.

ОЛИМПИАДА ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ПО
АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ЭТАП
Устная часть

127.

128.

Market Hall (Marthal), Rotterdam
Location in
the
City
History of
Construction
Peculiarities
of
Design
Cultural
Significance
Binnenrotte, Rotterdam, Netherlands
A residential (228 apartments) and office building complex (4600 m2 retail space, 1600 m2 of
Hotel Restaurant Catering) with a market hall (96 market stalls) underneath , 4-storey underground
parking
Built on top of a 14th c. buried village, surrounded by water and dykes, with excavated historic
artefacts kept in glass cases next to the escalators
Started: 2009, ended: 2014, opened: 1/10/2014 by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.
Designed: Architectural firm MVRDV, Developer: Provast, Structural engineer: Royal
HaskoningDHV
Cost: 178 mln Euros
Grey nature stone horseshoe building with glass facades with the smaller windows hanging around
a structure of steel cables, the largest glass-window cable structure in Europe
The residential architectural attraction: the colourful walls with 11,000 m2 ceiling produce the
effect of visiting Wonderland: stacks of barley, 6 storeys tall, sprout towards the sun with an
enormous strawberry tumbling from the sky
Arno Coenen’s artwork using digital 3D-techniques, named Horn of Plenty shows strongly
enlarged fruit, vegetables, seeds, fish, flowers and insects.
2014: was called The largest artwork in the world or The Sistine Chapel of Rotterdam
At the end of 2016: long queues to get in at weekends
The Market hall contributes to the image and attractiveness of Rotterdam as a city.
Rotterdam has a reputation for bold architecture.
A photo of the complex graces the cover of the city’s official tourist information booklet.

129.

Карточка участника
Speaking
Set 1 Student 1
Preparation – 15 minutes
Presentation and questions – 10 minutes
“Community Character Reflected in Buildings”
Task 1
1. Monologue: Time 2-3 minutes
Your School Travel Club is planning to organize a trip to Rotterdam. At the meeting of your club you have to
take your classmates/ club members on a virtual tour of one the most fascinating modern constructions of the
world: The Market Hall, Rotterdam to make them interested to go there. Your task is to explain why it
could be the best choice for your school to visit it.
Speak about:
Location in the city
Peculiarities of design
History of construction
Cultural significance
You can make notes during the preparation time, but YOU ARE NOT
ALLOWED TO READ them during the presentation.
2. Questions/ Answers: Time: 2- 3 minutes
Answer 2 QUESTIONS from your partner, who wants to get ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION not mentioned in your presentation about the building from the fact file.

130.

• Task 2
1. Listen to the presentation of your partner (Set 2: The Gherkin, London).
2. Questions/ Answers: Time: 2- 3 minutes
Ask 2 QUESTIONS about the building to get ADDITIONAL INFORMATION not
mentioned in the presentation.
YOUR ANSWERS WILL BE RECORDED

131.

132.

The Gherkin, London [‘gɜ:kɪn]
Location in
the City
30 St Mary Axe, London (on the damaged by an IRA bomb site of the Baltic Exchange and the
Chamber of Shipping)
In the City of London
History of
Construction
Started: 2001, ended: 2003, opened:28/04/2004
Designed: Norman Foster and Arup Group
Cost: £138 mln (+ land cost: £90.6 mln) adjusted for inflation: £224 mln (+ land cost: £157 mln)
2007: Britain’s most expensive office building, bought for £630 mln; 2014: Brazilian billionaire
paid £700 mln for it
Peculiarities
of Design
Style: Neo-futuristic landmark of London, the most widely recognized iconic example of
contemporary architecture
The Gherkin nickname (1999) refers to highly unorthodox layout and appearance
Floor area: 47,950 square meters, 41 storeys, 180 metres tall
Energy-saving consumption: the low lighting costs, natural ventilation system with the air
sandwiched between 2 layers of glazing, insulating the office space inside
Triangulated perimeter structure with only one piece of curved glass on the building at the apex
40th floor: London Panoramic View Bar for tenants, 39th: a restaurant, 38th : private dining rooms.
The main lift reaches 34th floor. A marble staircase and a lift for disabled lead the visitors up to the
bar in the dome.
Visible over long distances.
Cultural
Significance
awards for architecture: 2004 — Stirling Prize; 2006 BD World Architecture 200-the most admired
building
filmed in Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, A Good Year , Basic Instinct 2, and Match
Pointand described in Keith Mansfield’s 2008 novel Johnny Mackintosh and the Spirit of London

133.

134.

135.

136.

137.

138.

139.

Writing guide