If you previously created an XML Map, you can use it to import XML data into cells that are mapped, but there also are several methods and commands for importing XML data without an XML Map.
If you have an XML Map, do this to import XML data into mapped cells:
-
In the XML Map, select one of the mapped cells.
-
Click Developer > Import.
If you don’t see the Developer tab, see Show the Developer tab.
-
In the Import XML dialog box, locate and select the XML data file (.xml) you want to import, and click Import.
Other ways to import XML data
-
Import an XML data file as an XML table
-
Import multiple XML data files
-
Import multiple XML data files as external data
-
Open an XML data file to import its data
For more information about issues, see Common issues with importing XML data at the end of this article.
Import an XML data file as an XML table
-
Click Developer > Import.
If you don’t see the Developer tab, see Show the Developer tab.
-
In the Import XML dialog box, locate and select the XML data file (.xml) you want to import, and click Import.
If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
In the Import Data dialog box, do one of the following:
-
Select XML table in existing worksheet to import the contents of the XML data file into an XML table in your worksheet at the specified cell location.
-
Select XML table in new worksheet to import the contents of the file into an XML table in a new worksheet starting at cell A1. The schema of the XML data file is displayed in the XML Source task pane.
-
-
If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, then Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
To control the behavior of XML data (such as data binding, format, and layout), click Properties, which displays the XML Map properties dialog box. For example, existing data in a mapped range will be overwritten when you import data by default, but you can change this.
Import multiple XML data files
-
Select a mapped cell to import multiple XML files into a single set of mapped cells.
If you want to import multiple XML files into multiple sets of mapped cells, click a cell anywhere on the worksheet that isn’t mapped.
-
Click Developer > Import.
If you don’t see the Developer tab, see Show the Developer tab.
-
In the Import XML dialog box, locate and select the XML data file (.xml) you want to import.
-
If the files are contiguous, press Shift, and click the first and the last file in the list. All of the data from the XML files will be imported and appended to the mapped cells.
-
If the files aren’t contiguous, press and hold Ctrl, and click each file you want to import in the list.
-
-
Click Import.
If you selected files that aren’t contiguous, the Importing <filename>.xml dialog box appears. Select the XML Map that corresponds to the XML data file you’re importing for each file.
To use a single map for all of the selected files that aren’t yet imported, select Use this XML Map for all selected files of this schema.
Import multiple XML data files as external data
To import multiple XML files that use the same namespace but different XML schemas, you can use the From XML Data Import command. Excel creates a unique XML Map for each XML data file you import.
Note: If you’re importing multiple XML files that don’t define a namespace, these XML files are treated as if they use the same namespace.
-
If you’re using Excel with a Microsoft 365 subscription, click Data > Get Data > From File > From XML.
If you’re using Excel 2016 or earlier, click Data > From Other Sources > From XML Data Import.
-
Go to the drive, folder, or Internet location that has the XML data file (.xml) you want to import.
-
Select the file and click Open.
-
In the Import Data dialog box, do one of the following:
-
XML table in existing worksheet The contents of the file are imported into a new XML table in a new worksheet. If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
Existing worksheet The XML data is imported in a two-dimensional table with rows and columns that shows XML tags as column headings, and data in rows below the column headings. The first element (the root node) is used like a title and is displayed in the specified cell location. The rest of the tags are sorted alphabetically across the second row. In this case, Excel doesn’t infer a schema, and you can’t use an XML Map.
-
New worksheet Excel adds a new worksheet to your workbook and automatically puts the XML data in the upper-left corner of the new worksheet. If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
-
To control the behavior of XML data, such as data binding, format, and layout, click Properties, which displays the XML Map properties dialog box. For example, existing data in a mapped range is overwritten when you import data by default, but you can change this.
Open an XML data file to import its data
-
Click File > Open.
If you’re using Excel 2007, click Microsoft Office Button
> Open. -
In the Open dialog box, click the drive, folder, or Internet location that has the file that you want to open.
-
Select the file and click Open.
-
If the Import XML dialog box appears, the file you opened refers to one or more Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT) style sheets, so you can click one of the following options:
-
Open the file without applying a style sheet The XML data is imported in a two-dimensional table with rows and columns that shows XML tags as column headings, and data in rows below the column headings. The first element (the root node) is used like a title and is displayed in the specified cell location. The rest of the tags are sorted alphabetically across the second row. In this case, Excel doesn’t infer a schema, and you can’t use an XML Map.
-
Open the file with the following style sheet applied (select one) Select the style sheet that you want to apply, and then click OK. The XML data is formatted according to the style sheet that you selected.
Note: The XML data is opened as read-only in Excel so that you don’t accidentally save your original source file in the Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook file format (.xlsm). In this case, Excel doesn’t infer a schema, and you can’t use an XML Map.
-
-
If the Open XML dialog box appears, the XML file doesn’t have any XSLT style sheet references. To open the file, click one of the following options:
-
Click As an XML table to create an XML table in a new workbook.
The contents of the file are imported into the XML table. If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
Click As a read-only workbook.
The XML data is imported in a two-dimensional table with rows and columns that shows XML tags as column headings, and data in rows below the column headings. The first element (the root node) is used like a title and is displayed in the specified cell location. The rest of the tags are sorted alphabetically across the second row. In this case, Excel doesn’t infer a schema, and you can’t use an XML Map.
The XML data is opened as read-only in Excel so that you don’t accidentally save your original source file in the Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook file format (.xlsm). In this case, Excel doesn’t infer a schema, and you can’t use an XML Map.
-
Click Use the XML Source task pane.
The schema of the XML data file is displayed in the XML Source task pane. You can then drag elements of the schema to the worksheet to map those elements to the worksheet.
If the XML data file doesn’t refer to a schema, Excel infers the schema from the XML data file.
-
> Open.Common issues with importing XML data
Excel displays the XML Import Error dialog box when it can’t validate data according to the XML Map. In this dialog box, click Details for additional information about each error. The following table lists some common import errors:
|
Error |
What happened |
|
Failed schema validation |
When you clicked Validate data against schema for import and export in the XML Map Properties dialog box, the data was imported, but the data wasn’t validated against the specified XML Map. |
|
Some data was imported as text |
Some or all of the data you imported was converted from its declared data type to text. To use this data in a calculation, you’ll need to convert the data from text to numbers or dates. For example, a date value converted to text won’t work as intended in the YEAR function until you convert it to the Date data type. Excel converts data to text when:
|
|
XML parse error |
The XML parser can’t open the specified XML file. Make sure the XML file doesn’t have syntax errors, and that the XML is well-formed. |
|
Can’t find an XML Map that corresponds to the data |
This problem can occur when you select more than one XML data file to import, and Excel can’t find a matching XML Map for one of the files. For the file named in the title bar of the dialog box, import an appropriate schema first, and then try importing the file again. |
|
An XML table can’t be resized to accommodate data |
You’re attempting to add rows by importing or appending data to the XML table, but there’s no room for the table to expand. An XML table can only expand from the bottom down. For example, there may be an object, such as a picture or another table, immediately below the XML table that prevents the XML table from expanding. Or, for the XML table to expand, it will exceed the Excel row limit of 1,048,576. To fix this problem, rearrange the tables and objects on the worksheet to allow the XML table to expand from the bottom down. |
The specified XML file doesn’t refer to a schema
The XML file you’re trying to open doesn’t refer to an XML schema. To work with the XML data that’s in the file, Excel needs a schema based on the contents of the XML file. If that schema is incorrect or insufficient, remove it from your workbook. Then create an XML schema file and edit the XML data file so that the XML data file refers to the schema. For more information, see Map XML elements to cells in an XML Map.
Note: You can’t export the Excel inferred schema as a separate XML schema data file (.xsd). Although there are XML schema editors and other methods for creating an XML schema file, you may not have convenient access to them or know how to use them.
Follow these steps to remove the schema that Excel created from your workbook:
-
Click Developer > Source.
If you don’t see the Developer tab, see Show the Developer tab.
-
In the XML Source task pane, click XML Maps.
-
In the XML Maps dialog box, click the XML Map Excel created, and click Delete.
Importing multiple XML files that use the same namespace but different schemas doesn’t work as expected
When you work with multiple XML data files and XML schemas, you typically create an XML Map for each schema, map the elements you want, and then import each XML data file to the appropriate XML Map. Using the Import command to open multiple XML files with the same namespace, you can only use one XML schema. When you use this command to open multiple XML files that use the same namespace but different schemas, you can get unexpected results. For example, data may get overwritten, or the files won’t open.
To import multiple XML files that use the same namespace but different XML schemas, try use the From XML Data Import command (click Data > From Other Sources). This command allows multiple XML files with the same namespace to use multiple XML schemas. Excel creates a unique XML Map for each XML data file you want to import.
Note: If you’re importing multiple XML files that don’t define a namespace, these XML files are treated as if they use the same namespace.
Show the Developer tab
If you don’t see the Developer tab, do the following to display it:
-
In Excel 2013 and Excel 2010:
-
Click File > Options.
-
Click the Customize Ribbon category.
-
Under Main Tabs, check the Developer box, and click OK.
-
-
In Excel 2007:
-
Click the Microsoft Office Button
> Excel Options. -
Click the Popular category.
-
Under Top options for working with Excel, check the Show Developer tab in the Ribbon box, and click OK.
-
See Also
Over view of XML in Excel
Map XML elements to cells in an XML Map
Export XML data
Microsoft Excel makes it easy to import Extensible Markup Language (XML) data that is created from other databases and applications, to map XML elements from an XML schema to worksheet cells, and to export revised XML data for interaction with other databases and applications. Think of these XML features as turning Office Excel into an XML data file generator with a familiar user interface.
In this article
-
Why use XML in Excel?
-
XML data and schema files
-
Key XML and Excel scenarios
-
-
The basic process of using XML data in Excel
-
Working with XML maps
-
Using the XML Source task pane
-
Element types and their icons
-
Working with single-mapped cells
-
Working with repeating cells in XML tables
-
XML map security considerations
-
Importing XML data
-
Working with an inferred schema
-
Exporting XML data
-
Using the Excel macro-enabled Office Open XML Format file
-
Why use XML in Excel?
XML is a technology that is designed for managing and sharing structured data in a human-readable text file. XML follows industry-standard guidelines and can be processed by a variety of databases and applications. Using XML, application designers can create their own customized tags, data structures, and schemas. In short, XML greatly eases the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between databases, applications, and organizations.
XML data and schema files
Excel works primarily with two types of XML files:
-
XML data files (.xml), which contain the custom tags and structured data.
-
Schema files (.xsd), which contain schema tags that enforce rules, such as data type and validation.
The XML standard also defines Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT) (.xslt) files, which are used to apply styles and transform XML data into different presentation formats. You can apply these transforms before you import XML files into Excel and after you export XML files from Excel. If XSLT files are linked to XML data files that you import into Excel, you do have the option to apply or not apply the formatting before the data is added to the worksheet, but only when you open an XML file by using the Open command from within Excel. Choose the XML Files (*.xml) file type before you click the Open button to see the XML files in the folder.
Key XML and Excel scenarios
By using XML and Excel, you can manage workbooks and data in ways that were previously impossible or very difficult. By using XML maps, you can easily add, identify, and extract specific pieces of business data from Excel documents. For example, an invoice that contains the name and address of a customer or a report that contains last quarter’s financial results are no longer just static reports. You can easily import this information from databases and applications, revise it, and export it to the same or other databases and applications.
The following are key scenarios that the XML features are designed to address:
-
Extend the functionality of existing Excel templates by mapping XML elements onto existing cells. This makes it easier to get XML data into and out of your templates without having to redesign them.
-
Use XML data as input to your existing calculation models by mapping XML elements onto existing worksheets.
-
Import XML data files into a new workbook.
-
Import XML data from a Web service into your Excel worksheet.
-
Export data in mapped cells to XML data files independent from other data in the workbook.
Top of Page
The basic process of using XML data in Excel
The following diagram shows how the different files and operations work together when you use XML with Excel. Essentially, there are five phases to the process:
Adding an XML schema file (.xsd) to a workbook
Mapping XML schema elements to individual cells or XML tables
Importing an XML data file (.xml) and binding the XML elements to mapped cells
Entering data, moving mapped cells, and leveraging Excel functionality, while preserving XML structure and definitions
Exporting revised data from mapped cells to an XML data file
Working with XML maps
You can create or open a workbook in Excel, attach an XML schema file (.xsd) to the workbook, and then use the XML Source task pane to map XML elements of the schema to individual cells or tables. After you map the XML elements to your worksheet, you can import and export XML data into and out of the mapped cells.
When you add an XML schema file (.xsd) to your workbook, you create an XML map. In general, XML maps are used to create mapped cells and to manage the relationship between mapped cells and individual elements in the XML schema. In addition, these XML maps are used to bind the contents of mapped cells to elements in the schema when you import or export XML data files (.xml).
There are two kinds of mapped cells that you can create: single-mapped cells and repeating cells (which appear as XML tables). To make designing your worksheet more flexible, you can drag the mapped cells anywhere on a worksheet and into any order — even one different from the XML schema. You can also choose which elements to map and not map.
The following rules about using XML maps are important to know:
-
A workbook can contain one or more XML maps.
-
You can only map one element to one location in a workbook at a time.
-
Each XML map is an independent entity, even if multiple XML maps in the same workbook refer to the same schema.
-
An XML map can only contain one root element. If you add a schema that defines more than one root element, you are prompted to choose the root element to use for the new XML map.
Using the XML Source task pane
You use the XML Source task pane to manage XML maps. To open it, on the Developer tab, in the XML group, click Source. The following diagram shows the main features of this task pane.
1. Lists XML maps that were added to the workbook
2. Displays a hierarchical list of XML elements in the currently listed XML map
3. Sets options when working with the XML Source task pane and the XML data, such as how to preview the data and control headings
4. Opens the XML Maps dialog box, which you can use to add, delete, or rename XML maps
5. Verifies whether you can export XML data through the current XML map
Top of Page
Element types and their icons
The following table summarizes each type of XML element that Excel can work with and the icon that is used to represent each type of element.
|
Element type |
Icon |
|---|---|
|
Parent element |
|
|
Required parent element |
|
|
Repeating parent element |
|
|
Required repeating parent element |
|
|
Child element |
|
|
Required child element |
|
|
Repeating child element |
|
|
Required repeating child element |
|
|
Attribute |
|
|
Required attribute |
|
|
Simple content in a complex structure |
|
|
Required simple content in a complex structure |
|
Top of Page
Working with single-mapped cells
A single-mapped cell is a cell that has been mapped to a nonrepeating XML element. You create a single-mapped cell by dragging a nonrepeating XML element from the XML Source task pane onto a single cell in your worksheet.
When you drag a nonrepeating XML element onto the worksheet, you can use a smart tag to choose to include the XML element name as a heading above or just to the left of the single-mapped cell, or you can use an existing cell value as a heading.
You can also use a formula in a single-mapped cell, if the cell is mapped to an XML element with an XML Schema Definition (XSD) data type that Excel interprets as a number, date, or time.
Top of Page
Working with repeating cells in XML tables
XML tables are similar in appearance and functionality to Excel tables. An XML table is an Excel table that has been mapped to one or more XML repeating elements. Each column in the XML table represents an XML element.
An XML table is created when you:
-
Use the Import command (in the XML group on the Developer tab) to import an XML data file.
-
Use the Open command from within Excel to open an XML data file — and then select As an XML table in the Open XML dialog box.
-
Use the From XML Data Import command (from the From Other Sources command button, in the Get External Data group, on the Data tab) to import an XML data file — and then select XML table in existing worksheet or New worksheet in the Import Data dialog box.
-
Drag one or more repeating elements from the XML Source task pane to a worksheet.
When you create an XML table, the XML element names are automatically used as column headings. You can change these to any column headings that you want. However, the original XML element names are always used when you export data from the mapped cells.
Two options under the Options button in the XML Source task pane are useful when you work with XML tables:
-
Automatically Merge Elements When Mapping
When selected, Excel creates one XML table from multiple fields as they are dropped onto the worksheet. This option works as long as the multiple fields are dropped on the same row, one adjacent to the other. When this option is cleared, each element appears as its own XML table. -
My Data Has Headings
When selected, existing heading data is used as column headings for repeating elements that you map to your worksheet. When this option is cleared, the XML element names are used as column headings.
Using XML tables, you can easily import, export, sort, filter, and print data based on an XML data source. However, XML tables do have some limitations regarding how they can be arranged on the worksheet.
-
XML tables are row-based, meaning that they grow from the header row down. You cannot add new entries above existing rows.
-
You cannot transpose an XML table so that new entries will be added to the right.
You can use formulas in columns that are mapped to XML elements with an XML Schema Definition (XSD) data type that Excel interprets as a number, date, or time. Just as in an Excel table, formulas in an XML table are filled down the column when new rows are added to the table.
XML map security considerations
An XML map and its data source information are saved with the Excel workbook, not a specific worksheet. A malicious user can view this map information by using a Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macro. Furthermore, if you save your workbook as a macro-enabled Excel Office Open XML Format File, this map information can be viewed through Microsoft Notepad or through another text-editing program.
If you want to keep using the map information but remove the potentially sensitive data source information, you can delete the data source definition of the XML schema from the workbook, but still export the XML data, by clearing the Save data source definition in workbook check box in the XML Map Properties dialog box, which is available from the Map Properties command in the XML group on the Developer tab.
If you delete a worksheet before you delete a map, the map information about the data sources, and possibly other sensitive information, is still saved in the workbook. If you are updating the workbook to remove sensitive information, make sure that you delete the XML map before you delete the worksheet, so that the map information is permanently removed from the workbook.
Top of Page
Importing XML data
You can import XML data into an existing XML map in your workbook. When you import data, you bind the data from the file to an XML map that is stored in your workbook. This means that each data element in the XML data file has a corresponding element, in the XML schema, that you mapped from an XML Schema file or inferred schema. Each XML map can only have one XML data binding, and an XML data binding is bound to all of the mappings that were created from a single XML map.
You can display the XML Map Properties dialog box (Click Map Properties in the XML group on the Developer tab.), which has three options, all selected by default, that you can set or clear to control the behavior of an XML data binding:
-
Validate data against schema for import and export Specifies whether Excel validates data against the XML map when importing data. Click this option when you want to ensure that the XML data that you import conforms to the XML schema.
-
Overwrite existing data with new data Specifies whether data is overwritten when you import data. Click this option when you want to replace the current data with new data, for example, when up-to-date data is contained in the new XML data file.
-
Append new data to existing XML tables Specifies whether the contents of the data source are appended to the existing data on the worksheet. Click this option, for example, when you are consolidating data from several similar XML data files into an XML table, or you do not want to overwrite the contents of a cell that contains a function.
When you import XML data, you may want to overwrite some mapped cells but not others. For example, some mapped cells may contain formulas and you don’t want to overwrite the formula when you import an XML file. There are two approaches that you can take:
-
Unmap the elements that you don’t want overwritten, before you import the XML data. After you import the XML data, you can remap the XML element to the cells containing the formulas, so that you can export the results of the formulas to the XML data file.
-
Create two XML maps from the same XML schema. Use one XML map for importing the XML data. In this «Import» XML map, don’t map elements to the cells that contain formulas or other data that you don’t want overwritten. Use another XML map for exporting the data. In this «Export» XML map, map the elements that you want to export to an XML file.
Note: The ability to import XML data from a Web service by using a Data Retrieval Service Connection (.uxdc) file to connect to a data source is no longer supported in versions later than Excel 2003 through the user interface. If you open a workbook that was created in Excel 2003, you can still view the data, but you cannot edit or refresh the source data.
Working with an inferred schema
If you import XML data without first adding a corresponding XML schema to create an XML map, Excel tries to infer a schema for you based on the tags that are defined in the XML data file. The inferred schema is stored with the workbook, and the inferred schema allows you to work with XML data if an XML schema file isn’t associated with the workbook.
When you work with imported XML data that has an inferred schema, you can also customize the XML Source task pane. Select the Preview Data in Task Pane option from the Options button to display the first row of data as sample data in the element list, if you imported XML data associated with the XML map in the current session of Excel.
You cannot export the Excel inferred schema as a separate XML schema data file (.xsd). Although there are XML schema editors and other methods for creating an XML schema file, you may not have convenient access to them or know how to use them. As an alternative, you can use the Excel 2003 XML Tools Add-in Version 1.1, which can create a schema file from an XML map. For more information, see Using the Excel 2003 XML Tools Add-in Version 1.1.
Exporting XML data
You export XML data by exporting the contents of mapped cells on the worksheet. When you export data, Excel applies the following rules to determine what data to save and how to save it:
-
Empty items are not created when blank cells exist for an optional element, but empty items are created when blank cells exist for a required element.
-
Unicode Transformation Format-8 (UTF-8) encoding is used to write the data.
-
All namespaces are defined in the Root XML element.
-
Excel overwrites existing namespace prefixes. The default namespace is assigned a prefix of ns0. Successive namespaces are designated ns1, ns2 to ns<count> where <count> is the number of namespaces written to the XML file.
-
Comment nodes are not preserved.
You can display the XML Map Properties dialog box (Click Map Properties in the XML group on the Developer tab.) and then use the Validate data against schema for import and export option (active by default) to specify whether Excel validates data against the XML map when exporting data. Click this option when you want to ensure that the XML data you export conforms to the XML schema.
Using the Excel Macro-enabled Office Open XML Format File
You can save an Excel workbook in a variety of file formats, including the Excel macro-enabled Office Open XML Format File (.xlsm). Excel has a defined XML schema that defines the contents of an Excel workbook, including XML tags that store all workbook information, such as data and properties, and define the overall structure of the workbook. Custom applications can use this Excel macro-enabled Office XML Format File. For example, developers may want to create a custom application to search for data in multiple workbooks that are saved in the this format and create a reporting system based on the data found.
Top of Page
Need more help?
You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in the Answers community.
See Also
Import XML data
Map XML elements to cells in an XML Map
Export XML data
Append or overwrite mapped XML data
Немного об Excel и XML
Итак, прежде чем узнать, как открыть, создать или перевести файл XML в Excel и обратно, давайте поближе познакомимся с типами этих файлов. Здесь нужно сразу отметить, что документы Excel имеют множество форматов, в то время, как XML — и есть формат файла. Поэтому не стоит путать эти два понятия.
Microsoft Excel является мощной программой для вычислений с множеством полезных функций
Программа Microsoft Excel является специальной утилитой, предназначенной для создания и редактирования таблиц. С ними вы уже можете делать всё что угодно: создавать базы, диаграммы, формулы и другие типы данных. Это очень мощный инструмент, поэтому все его возможности мы обсуждать не будем. Сегодня наша цель несколько другая, и мы не станем отходить от темы сегодняшней дискуссии.
Файлы XML, для более простого понимания, предназначены для хранения, обмена различных данных между утилитами. Особенно часто пользуются этим языком разметки при передаче информации через интернет. И когда вам нужно перенести табличные данные из Экселя на сайт, например, то вам нужно будет преобразовать свой документ, чтобы он правильно отображался. Поэтому давайте не будем оттягивать момент истины и сразу приступим к выполнению операции.
Как преобразовать Excel в XML
Дорогие друзья, на самом деле преобразование файлов является достаточно простым занятием. Однако, у некоторых пользователей могут возникнуть проблемы при переносе данных, поэтому сегодня мы с вами рассмотрим несколько способов для осуществления нашего замысла. Поэтому набираемся терпения и приступаем к действиям:
- Самый простой способ, который может не сработать в некоторых случаях, это сохранение файла в нужном формате в самой программе Microsoft Excel. Для этого откройте необходимый документ в этом приложении. Затем нажмите на кнопку «Файл» (рассматривается на примере Office 2013, в других версиях процесс сохранения может несколько отличаться) в верхнем левом углу окна Экселя, затем пункт «Сохранить как», после чего выберите место сохранения документа, дайте ему имя и во вкладке типа файла укажите «XML данные». После этого проверьте, правильно ли всё у вас получилось. Если нет, то пробуем следующие способы.
- Итак, если возникает ошибка в предыдущем случае, то, возможно, в вашей копии программы не предусмотрена поддержка и соответствующие надстройки. Чтобы их установить, скачайте и инсталлируйте этот файл к себе на компьютер или ноутбук. Это плагин XML Tools Add-in. Далее, запустите программу Microsoft Excel и нажмите на большую цветную кнопку в левом верхнем углу окна приложения (здесь мы уже смотрим пример на версии 2007-го года). В появившемся блоке кликните по параметрам, слева от выхода из утилиты. Теперь зайдите в пункт надстроек и нажмите на кнопку «Перейти» напротив пункта «Управление». Выскочит диалоговое окно, где нужно кликнуть по обзору и найти документ, который вы скачали с сайта Майкрософта ранее. Теперь кликаем ОК и переходим в основное окно программы, где у вас теперь есть вкладка XML Tools — с помощью него теперь вы спокойно можете создать файл XML из существующей таблицы. Сохранять его нужно аналогично предыдущему пункту.
- Если вам совсем не хочется загружать и себя, и свой компьютер такой информацией, то можете прибегнуть к помощи специальных утилит-конвертеров или онлайн-версий этих программ. К примеру, вы можете загрузить приложение Format Factory, которое позволит вам совершить все необходимые действия. Но стоит помнить, что сохранённые и преобразованные таким образом файлы не всегда работают в дальнейшем. То есть во время операции могут повредиться сектора или области в памяти документа, что негативно скажется на нём — он попросту может не открыться в XML-редакторе, например. Поэтому рекомендуется использовать либо профессиональные программы, либо сам Microsoft Excel.
Как перевести XML в Excel
Прежде чем перевести XML в Excel, нужно его для начала открыть. Рассмотрим весь этот непродолжительный процесс ниже. Итак, приступаем:
- Запустите программу Microsoft Excel с помощью ярлыка на рабочем столе или через меню проводника.
- Нажмите на «Открыть другие книги» внизу главной страницы, если вы используете Office В других версиях процесс может несколько отличаться.
- Далее, нажимаем на «Компьютер» или другое место, где расположен ваш XML-файл, затем кликните «Обзор» и смените в появившемся окне тип данных на «Файлы XML».
- Теперь ищем необходимый файл и открываем его в нашей программе с помощью одноимённой кнопки.
- Далее, обсудим то, как преобразовать наш документ. Перейдите во вкладку разработчика, затем нажмите на кнопку импорта.
- В открывшемся окне нужно будет снова найти и выбрать наш документ, над которым вы и хотите произвести действие, затем кликаем на кнопку «Импорт».
- Затем настраиваете всё под себя: область для импорта, место сохранения и другие параметры. После чего вы получите таблицу, которую позже можно сохранить в нужном для вас формате. Как видите, ничего сложного нет.
Подведём итоги
Дорогие читатели, сегодня мы с вами узнали не только как преобразовать файлы XML в Excel и обратно, но и как создать и открыть их при несовместимости версий. Надеемся, что у вас всё получилось и больше не осталось никаких вопросов. Не забываем делиться в комментариях своим мнением и опытом: возможно, вы знаете простой способ конвертации. Расскажите другим пользователям, получилось ли у вас перевести один тип документа. Если сработало, то поделитесь тем, каким способом воспользовались вы.
Using XML with Microsoft Excel
One of the most useful features for a programmer would be Microsoft Excel’s capability to support XML schemas which are user defined. Though it is not a very prominent feature which can be obviously noted it still exists and is very functional tool. In simple English it means that you can add, and modify XML data in an Excel workbook. Excel has an inbuilt feature to process the data for you.
You can perform various functions using the Microsoft excel workbook. You can view the data using an XML list. If you need to see the entire data in one single list then you can use this option to view the data. You can sort the data alphabetically; values wise in ascending or descending order and even perform small functions of shuffling the data.
Another option is to view the data in a read only format. You can use this option when you have to view the data for reading only and you don’t have the need to perform any action or modify the data in any way. The read only files are very helpful in creating business reports really quickly. The data is shown in a grid format.
You can create a map from the structure and use this to import data from the file to the map. When you import data in to the map it basically populates the cells in the map. XML data is very flexible and can be merged into any format. You can either import the data into the map by yourself or even set up a system where it takes place automatically. In the specified time it will automatically perform the updating action. Excel automatically surrounds the mapped cells with a blue colored border.
Repeating and Non-Repeating Elements
There two kinds of elements in an excel map, repeating and non repeating elements. Non repeating elements are single and appear only once in the XML document, whereas repeating elements are that which occur frequently in an XML document. The Microsoft excel identifies the repeating and non repeating elements and automatically formats the repeating list of elements into a list when you drag and drop the XML elements. Therefore this can be used as the demarcation or difference between the repeating and non repeating elements type. Apart from these inbuilt features excel also provides some additional knick knacks. If you happen to place a repeating element adjacent to another similar element in the same row then excel places another single XML list in between. Excel also formats them as individual lists.
Import and Export Files
When a map is added in a excel sheet data can be imported or exported and this way you can create links to the excel document even from an external source. This data can also be saved in Excel format. There is a two way relationship between XML and excel. One is converting XML data to Excel and the other is converting Excel data into XML.
- Converting XML data into excel was discussed above. We will understand the conversion of excel table into XML.
- Converting an excel table into a XML macro
You can transfer data from excel into a HTML web page using the XML data files. VBA tables can be used to export data files from excel or even Microsoft access into the html file. A visual basic application can convert any complex macro into XML file easily. When you run the application the procedure prompts you to name the output generated. This program formats the numeric data values by using a function called formchk.
However to enhance the data for viewing purpose some more additional tools can be used. XML can be used with XSL styles for better viewing and a user friendly format. For example a simple plain excel table can be displayed using the XML file on a web page. The unformatted XML file is modified and replaced with a formatted XSL sheet and the data can be viewed in well designed table instead. The XSL adds all additional features like page borders, headings, footers, notes, titles and table columns. It has a local cascading style sheet which can perform an all these actions and format the data to give it an attractive look.
The XML file is also capable of receiving instructions from the SL file for sorting data and manipulating data or modifying it. You can also create more than one option for viewing data by creating more XML documents. You can also use java script to do this function. These java scripts are typically used to highlight the functions and displayed as buttons which will send requests to perform these
actions.
Understanding the XML Style Sheet
The function of the XML tags is to describe the data in an XML file but XML cannot decide how the data is going to be displayed to the user. So the rules for formatting the data is often mentioned in the XML style sheets which have all the instructions to display the data in a certain format. XML style sheets are well formatted XML files which use the extensible style language to format the data and present it in an attractive way to the user. In a single XML file you can have several XSL sheets and present the same data in several ways.
The XML Spreadsheet
Excel can save data in spreadsheets format in XML. When a workbook is saved Excel saves it as XMLSS automatically which means Extensible markup language spread sheet. Some objects remain an exception as they cannot be integrated into the XML spreadsheet like charts, ole objects, drawing objects. Even multisheet XML spread sheets can be created in XMLSS.
HTML or Hypertext markup language is the most ideal file which can display the excel table in a user friendly way. Excel Html can get a lot more complex than it actually looks. But some of the useful features of implementing XML in excel are
- Information can be completely mapped through excel spreadsheets and XML components.
- It can open a non excel and non spread sheet component using XML
- Flattening the XML file
- Opening a formatted XML sheet using XSL for viewing in HTML
- Can also open hand written XML sheets
- It can also publish data from a XML file to XML spreadsheet
- Copy and paste data from Excel to spreadsheet component
- Using the query table from XML in Excel
The XML web services enabled excel spread sheet is not considered to be ordinary. These sheets can use the Universal description discovery and integration or UDDI to find information on companies and they also use a service called web catalog to find business profiles and product information.
Another feature that can be discussed here is transforming the XML files using the XSL while transporting them to excel spread sheets. We already know that Microsoft Excel can save and load extensible markup language files by using a spread sheet called extensive mark up language spread sheets or XMLSS. The XMLSS format is common to the XML and as well as Microsoft Excel and for that matter the Microsoft office environment.
The main function of XML remains that it is a markup language that is used to describing structured data so that various applications can read it and access it. This kind of data interchange provides many opportunities for organizations. This also presents a challenge for the excel sheets. Manipulating the elements within a XML document any number of dimensions can be created in a document. This feature can create some confusions for the excel sheet.
To solve this kind of ambiguity the excel sheet when it imports data or opens a XML data file it looks for an element which points to the XSLT file and uses that to format the XML sheet and flatten it out. The XSLT uses both the HTML and the template elements to format and restructure the available data into an output file. The template rules start functioning when the pattern rules in the XML input data file matches the data pattern in the template of the output file. These templates also carry the information about the parent and child elements present in the document and they use XPath for this.
Xpath itself is a language that is used to identify some parts of the XML document and it has been designed to be used with the XSLT. However the expressions in Xpath just identify the elements and navigate them along the data tree so that the XSLT can process the instructions.
Prolog is the first section of the XSL sheet which is used to declare the first template instruction and the initial section of the style sheet. It understands that the XSL and XSLT are a part of XML and they use XML instructions so the first or the initial statement that is made in the template is an XML statement so that it can be identified. However conditional instructions by the programmer can further allow you to filter and process the data.
Author Description
Editorial Team at Exforsys is a team of IT Consulting and Training team led by Chandra Vennapoosa.