Биболетова 10 класс Unit 2 Section 2 p. 59 — 65 ex. 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40.
Family room
Ex. 17 Read the words and their definitions. Then translate them into Russian. Прочитайте слова и их определения. Затем переведите на русский.
look out for someone — to take care of someone and make sure that they are treated well — присматривать за кем-либо – заботиться о ком-либо и убедиться, что к ним хорошо относятся
get on somebody’s nerves — to make someone feel annoyed or nervous — действовать на нервы – заставить кого-то чувствовать себя раздраженно или нервно.
annoying — making you feel slightly angry or impatient – раздражающий – заставляет вас чувствовать себя немного злым и нетерпеливым.
fall out — to stop being friendly with someone because you have had a disagreement with them — перестать дружить – перестать быть дружелюбным с кем-либо, потому что у вас с ним разногласия.
make up with — to become friendly again with someone after an argument – помириться – снова стать дружелюбным с кем-то после ссоры.
keep somebody company — to spend time with someone so that they will not feel lonely — составить компанию – проводить с кем-либо время, чтобы они не чувствовали себя одиноко.
Ex. 18 Listen to the teenagers speaking about their brothers and sisters and match them with the information about their relatives. Послушайте подростков, говорящих о своих братьях и сестрах и соотнесите их с информацией об их родственниках.
Speaker A — 2 (3 girls (10,12,18), a boy, 14)
Speaker В — 4 (A girl,
Speaker С — 3 (3 boys (8, 10, 17)
Speaker D — 1 (A boy, 8, a girl, 3)
Ex. 19 Read through the following list and tick the activities and feelings the teenagers mention in their stories. Listen to the recording again and check your answers. Прочитайте следующий список и отметьте деятельности и чувства, о которых подростки упоминают в своих историях. Послушайте запись снова и проверьте свои ответы.
go shopping – ходить по магазинам
fight with someone – драться с кем-то
play computer games – играть в компьютерные игры
play in the pool – играть в бассейне
watch TV – смотреть телевизор
brothers and sisters – братья и сестры
feel lonely – чувствовать себя одиноко
feel very emotional – чувствовать себя очень эмоционально
be annoyed – быть раздраженным
feel tired – чувствовать усталость
feel lucky — повезло
Ex. 20 Fill in the gaps in the sentences. Use the words from the list below. Make necessary changes. Заполните пропуски в предложениях. Спользуйте слова из списка, данного ниже. Делайте необходимые изменения.
1. In a big family you always have somebody to keep you company. — В большой семье всегда есть тот, кто составит тебе компанию.
2. When I was about ten, my sisters and I used to fight about everything with my brother. Our mother was very upset about it. — Когда мне было около десяти лет, мои сестры и я дрались по любому поводу с моим братом. Наша мама была очень расстроена этим.
3. I get on well with my sisters most of the time, but sometimes we fight about the telephone — everybody always wants it at the same time! – Я хорошо лажу со своими сестрами большую часть времени, но иногда мы деремся из-за телефона – всем он нужен одновременно!
4. When my cousin stays with us in summer, she often gets on my nerves, but when she doesn’t, I feel lonely. — Когда моя двоюродная сестра остается с нами на лето, она часто действует мне на нервы, но когда она этого не делает, я чувствую себя одиноким.
5. When my younger sister went to school, our parents asked me to look out for her to help her feel confident. — Когда моя младшая сестра пошла в школу, наши родители попросили меня присмотреть за ней, чтобы помочь ей чувствовать себя уверенно.
6. Nobody believes we are sisters — we don’t look alike! — Никто не верит, что мы сестры — мы не похожи друг на друга!
7. My brother can be (very) annoying when he switches on TV while I am doing my homework and sometimes he even makes me cry, but I know I’ll feel bad / lonely; be upset when he leaves for university. – Мой брат может очень раздражать, когда он включает ТВ в то время как я делаю домашнее задание и иногда он даже доводит меня до слез, но я знаю, что буду чувствовать себя плохо / одиноко; расстраиваться, когда он уедет в университет.
Ex. 22 Read the joke and guess the word that is missing. Прочитай шутку и угадай какое слово пропущенно.
A father was asked whether his… were the ones making such an awful noise at night.
«Well,” he said, «not so much really. You see, one of them makes so much noise that you can’t hear the other!»
The missing word is twins.
Отцу задали вопрос его … были те, кто делает такой ужасный шум в ночное время. «Ну,» сказал он, «не так много на самом деле. Вы видите, один из них делает так много шума, что вы не можете услышать другого!»
Недостающее слово близнецы.
Ex. 23 Read the text and choose the sentence that best describes the twins. Прочитайте текст и виберите предложение, которое лучше всего описывает близнецов.
1. The twins are very naughty. – Близнецы очень непослушны.
2. The twins have their own way of protesting. – У близнецов свой способ протеста.
3. The twins want to get on their father’s nerves. – Близнецы хотят действовать отцу на нервы.
Ruby and Garnet are ten-year-old identical twins who do everything together, even more so now since their mother died three years earlier. Their “double act” certainly troubles and even spooks Rose, the new woman in their dad’s life.
Руби и Гарнет – десятилетние идентичные близнецы, которые делают все вместе, тем более сейчас, после того как их мать умерла три года назад. Их «двойные действия» беспокоят и даже пугают Роуз, новую женщину в жизни их отца.
Garnet and I have this special language. We’ve got heaps of made-up words for things. Sometimes we don’t use words at all, just signs and gestures. We can communicate just by widening our eyes or putting out heads slightly to one side. Sometimes we just signal each other to both start a pretend coughing fit or to sneeze simultaneously or to shriek with manic laughter.
Rose, my father’s girlfriend, isn’t used to this. She thinks it’s spooky.
This happened recently one day we were in the car with my dad and Rose.
«Pack it in,” dad said.
I glanced at Garnet.
«Pack in what, dad?» we said simultaneously.
«Less of the cheek,” dad said, taking one hand off the steering wheel and swatting at us.
«How do they do that?» Rose asked.
«How do we do what?» we asked.
«Stop it! You’re giving me the creeps. Can you really read each other’s thoughts?» she asked, shivering.
«Of course they can’t,” dad said.
«Then how can they say the same thing at the same time in that weird way?» Rose asked, peering at us.
«I don’t know,” dad said, shrugging,
«But we know,” we said, and we raised our eyebrows and made our eyes glitter in a mysterious and mystic manner.
(Extract from Double Act by Jacqueline Wilson)
У меня и Гарнет есть особый язык. У нас есть кучи придуманных слов для вещей. Иногда мы не используем слова вообще, только знаки и жесты. Мы можем общаться только расширяя наши глаза или наклоняя головы немного в сторону. Иногда мы просто сигнализируем друг другу чтобы начать притворный приступ кашля или чихания одновременно, или разразиться маниакальным смехом.
Роуз, подруга моего отца, не привыкла к этому. Она думает, что это жутко.
Это произошло недавно когда мы были в машине с моим папой и Роуз.
«Прекратите», сказал папа.
Я взглянула на Гарнет.
«Прекратить что, папа?» мы сказали одновременно.
«Меньше щеки,» папа сказал, убирая одну руку с руля и замахиваясь на нас.
«Как они это делают?» спросила Роуз.
«Как мы делаем что?» спросили мы.
«Прекратите! Вы пугаете меня. Вы действительно можете читать мысли друг друга?» спросила она, дрожа.
«Конечно, они не могут», сказал папа.
«Тогда как они могут говорить то же самое одновременно таким странным способом?» спросила Роуз, вглядываясь в нас.
«Я не знаю», сказал папа, пожимая плечами,
«Но мы знаем,» сказали мы, и подняли брови, и наши глаза заблестели таинственным и мистическим образом.
Ex. 24 Find the words and expressions in the text that have a close meaning with the following. Найдите слова и выражения в тексте, которые имеют близкий смысл с нижеследующим.
1. a lot of imaginary words — heaps of made-up words – много вымышленных слов – куча придуманных слов
2. unusually excited – manic — необычайно взволнован — маниакальный
3. Stop it! — Pack it in! – перестаньте — прекратите
4. with a shaking movement of the body – shivering – дрожащее движение тела — дрожа
5. looking very carefully – peering – смотреть очень внимательно – вглядываясь
GRAMMAR FOCUS: CAN (REVISION)
Ex. 26 Find in the text examples with can. Do they describe... Найдите в тексте примеры со словом мочь. оописывает
a) obligation? обязанность
b) ability? способность
c) possibility? возможность
See «Grammar reference» (page 182).
Ex. 27 Use be able to in the correct form to complete the sentences. Используйте «быть способным» в правильной форме, чтобы закончить предложения.
1. I have been able to understand my sister very well since she went to school. — Я был в состоянии понять мою сестру очень хорошо, с тех пор как она пошла в школу.
2. I would like to be able to swim well. — Я хотел бы уметь хорошо плавать.
3. I don’t think I will be able to come to the party on Saturday. – Я не думаю что смогу прийти на вечеринку в субботу.
4. She has never been able to play the piano. — Она никогда не была в состоянии играть на пианино.
5. He enjoys being able to go to the theatre every week. — Он любит быть в состоянии ходить в театр каждую неделю.
GRAMMAR FOCUS: COULD VS WAS ABLE TO
Ex. 28 Read and remember. Прочитайте и запомните.
We use could or was/were able to to talk about general ability to do something in the past. Мы используем мог или был в состоянии, чтобы рассказать об общей способности делать что-то в прошлом.
I could / was able to speak French when I was 7. — Я мог говорить по-французски, когда мне было 7 лет.
We must use was/were able to when we speak about a particular situation. We can also use managed to (+ infinitive) or succeeded in (+ -ing form), especially when the action was difficult to do. Мы должны использовать был в состоянии, когда мы говорим о конкретной ситуации. Мы также можем использовать удалось (+ инфинитив) или удалось (+ -ing форму), особенно, когда действие было трудно сделать.
Mike was not at school yesterday but we were able to speak to him over the telephone. — Майк не был в школе вчера, но мы смогли поговорить с ним по телефону.
We managed to speak to him over the telephone. (NOT: We could speak to him…) Нам удалось поговорить с ним по телефону. (НЕТ: Мы могли бы поговорить с ним …)
In negative sentences we can use could not for both general ability and particular situations. В отрицательных предложениях мы можем использовать не мог как для общей способности так и для конкретных ситуаций.
When I was 7, I couldn’t speak German. Когда мне было 7 лет, я не мог говорить по-немецки.
Mike was not at school yesterday, and we couldn’t speak to him. Майк не был в школе вчера, и мы не могли говорить с ним.
Ex. 29 Read the joke. Explain why was able to is used in it. Can it be replaced with could? Прочитайте шутку. Объясните, почему здесь используется был в состоянии. Можно ли заменить на мог?
Jones: Aren’t your daughter’s piano lessons costing a fearful lot?
Brown: On the contrary, I was able to buy the house next door at half its worth.
Was able to here means managed. It can’t be replaced with could.
Джонс: Уроки игры на фортепиано для вашей дочери обходятся страшно дорого?
Браун: Напротив, мне удалось купить дом по соседству за половину его стоимости.
Ex. 30 Choose the correct answer. Выберите правильный ответ.
1. Mary was a very talented girl. She could read when she was only four. Мария была очень талантливая девочка. Она могла читать, когда ей было всего четыре.
2. Where are you going on holiday? — I hope I’ll be able to visit my grandparents on Lake Baikal. — Куда вы собираетесь в отпуск? — Я надеюсь, что смогу посетить мою бабушку и дедушку на Байкале.
3. Have you found any information for your history report? — You know, it’s been really difficult, but I was able to finally find an interesting article in a newer magazine. Now I know what to write about. – Ты нашел информацию для доклада по истории? – Ты знаешь, это было действительно трудно, но в конце концов я смог найти интересную статью в новом журнале. Теперь я знаю, о чем писать.
4. Mary missed a lot of classes and couldn’t pass the test yesterday. But the teacher has allowed her to retake it next week. – Мэри пропустила много уроков и не смогла выполнить тест вчера. Но учитель позволил ей пересдать его на следующей неделе.
5. My younger brother learned to skate when he was three. Now he’s seven and he can skate more quickly than anybody else in the family. — Мой младший брат научился кататься на коньках, когда ему было три года. Теперь ему семь и он может кататься быстрее, чем кто-либо другой в семье.
Ex. 31 Read the extract from the book The Wedding Day by Cathreen Elliott and complete the sentences with could / couldn’t, was able to / wasn’t able to. Прочитайте отрывок из книги Катрин Эллиотт «День свадьбы» и дополните предложения.
1. Gertrude could scare anyone. — Гертруда могла напугать любого.
2. Gertrude was able to scare Annie when she first came to see her. — Гертруда смогла напугать Энни, когда она впервые пришла к ней.
3. Flora could feel at ease with Gertrude. — Флора могла чувствовать себя свободно с Гертрудой.
4. Gertrude couldn’t remember all her relatives in the family album. — Гертруда не могла вспомнить всех ее родственников в семейном альбоме.
David had brought me to Onslow Gardens to meet his only living relative, explaining that she was a bit dippy and rather bohemian. Expecting a sweet old thing in a chaotic flat full of cats, I’d dressed accordingly. Stripy socks, baggy canvas trousers and a patchwork jumper had been the order of the day, and 10 bounced up the steps to find a very grand old lady in grey flannel trousers and a black polo neck, opening the door to the largest London house I’d ever seen. One hand held the doorknob, whilst the other rested on a rifle, nestling in the umbrella stand. As she’d towered over me, regarding me with an icy look, 10 nearly fallen over with shock. David explained later that the air rifle had belonged to her husband and she always opened the door with her hand on it to discourage intruders.
Believe me, she didn’t need to. Despite a rapidly fading memory, she still, at eighty-odd, had the power to scare the pants off anyone.
Despite or perhaps because of the generation gap, my daughter Flora and Gertrude got on famously and we often popped in to see her after school. Flora’d breeze into the house in a way I was totally incapable of, give Gertrude a smacking kiss, then make straight for the drawing room where the photograph albums were kept. Putting herself down on the carpet and with Gertrude bent over her, she’d examine them, wanting to know exactly who everyone was, and prompting Gertrude if she forgot.”
Дэвид привез меня в Онслоу Гаденз чтобы встретиться с его единственной оставшейся в живых родственницей, объясняя, что она немного сумасшедшая и довольно богемная. Ожидая увидеть сладкую старую штучку в хаотичной квартире полной кошек, я оделась соответственно. Полосатые носки, мешковатые холщовые брюки и лоскутный джемпер были на повестке дня, и я готова была проскочить десять ступенек, чтобы увидеть очень величественную старушку в серых фланелевых брюках и черной водолазке, открывающей дверь в самый большой лондонский дом, который я только видела. Одной рукой она держала дверную ручку, в то время как второй опиралась на винтовку, стоящую в стойке для зонтиков. Так как она возвышалась надо мной, одаривая меня ледяным взглядом, я чуть не упала со ступенек от шока.
Дэвид объяснил позже, что пневматическая винтовка принадлежала ее мужу, и она всегда открывала дверь держа руку на ней, чтобы обескуражить злоумышленников.
Поверьте мне, ей это было не нужно. Несмотря на быстро исчезающую память, она все еще, в восемьдесят с лишним лет, была в силах напугать кого угодно.
Несмотря, или возможно из-за разницей между поколениями, моя дочь Флора и Гертруда очень подружились и мы после школы часто заходили, чтобы увидеть ее. Флора заходила в дом очень уверенно, на что я была не способна, чмокала Гертруду, затем направлялась прямо в гостиную, где хранились фотоальбомы. Она садилась на ковер, Гертруда наклонялась над ней и они рассматривали их, желая точно знать, кем они все были, и подсказывала Гертруде, если она забывала.
Ex. 32 Read the notes Mike has made about his brother Peter and rewrite them using can/could/be able to. You may add some details or comments. Прочитайте заметки, которые Майк сделал о его брате Питере и перепешите их с помощью может/мог/в состоянии. Вы можете добавить некоторые детали или комментарии.
(Possible answers)
At the age of 4 Peter could ride a bicycle and enjoyed it a lot. He could read when he was only 5 and spent a lot of time reading all the books he could find. Then he got interested in foreign languages and at 9 he could read some simple books in French. He put much effort into learning French and at 13 was able to win a regional foreign language competition. We all were happy when he got second prize. I am sure Peter will be able to go on to university next year. He has really done a lot to deserve it.
В возрасте 4 лет Питер мог ездить на велосипеде и ему это очень нравилось. Он мог читать, когда ему было всего 5 лет и проводил много времени, читая все книги, которые он только мог найти. Потом он увлекся иностранными языками и в 9 лет он мог читать некоторые простые книги на французском языке. Он много сил потратил на изучение французского языка и в 13 лет смог выиграть региональный конкурс по иностранным языкам. Мы все были счастливы, когда он занял второе место. Я уверен, что Питер сможет поступить в университет в следующем году. Он действительно сделал много, чтобы заслужить это.
Ex. 37 Listen to the teenagers and choose which situations they are speaking about. Послушайте подростков и выберите ситуацию о которой они говорят.
. Embarrassing moments at school — Смущающие моменты в школе
. Parents embarrassing their children – родители, смущающие детей
. Siblings embarrassing each other — Братья и сестры смущающие друг друга
. Children embarrassing their parents – дети смущающие родителей
• Funny situations with their friends — Забавные ситуации с друзьями
Ex. 38 Listen to the recording again and write down some examples of the embarrassing situations the speakers talk about. Use your Workbook. Прослушайте запись снова и запишите некоторые примеры неловких ситуаций, о которых рассказывают говорящие. Используйте рабочую тетрадь.
Jonny: his mum comments on how he looks… – его мама комментирует его внешний вид.
Caroline: she advises her parents on clothing; parents call her brother “darling” – она дает советы своим родителям по поводу одежды; родители называют брата «дорогой».
Perri: his dad falls asleep when someone is talking to him; his mum shows his baby photographs where he is naked – его папа засыпает, когда кто-то разговаривает с ним; его мама показывает его детские фото, где он голый.
Rose-Marie: jokes; teenagers comment on their parents’ fashion sense – шутки; комментарии подростков по поводу моды родителей.
David: his dad likes to talk to everybody when they are walking in town; his mum usually asks him about his girlfriends, especially when he is talking on the phone — его папа любит говорить со всеми, когда они идут по городу; его мама обычно спрашивает его о его подругах, особенно, когда он разговаривает по телефону.
Ex. 40 Listen to the conversation and fill in the gaps with the phrases below. Work in pairs and compare your answers. Послушайте разговор и заполните пропуски фразами, данными ниже. Работайте в парах и сравните свои ответы.
Peter: (1) I think music, clothes, mobile phones and slang are some of the factors that make up the way we identify «youth culture”. For parents to truly connect with their children, (2) it’s important to know about their child’s interests. But they don’t have to like them.
Kate: (3) Really, it doesn’t take much for a parent to find out who their child’s favourite artist is, which mobiles are in and what clothes are out. Times are changing, (4) why shouldn’t parents move along as well?
Christina: (5) I guess parents shouldn’t try to be trendy, they should just be themselves. Most parents want to look good because it’s human nature (6) but there is a limit to how far they can go. Trying to dress like your son or daughter is just a no-no.
Mike: (7) I believe trendy parents are a bad idea because they’re adults and we’re teenagers and there needs to be a clear line between the two. Parents should have their own style.
Christina: Yeah, you’re right. (8) It’s okay for celebrity parents like Madonna to be trendy because she’s famous and it’s part of her job. But if my mum started listening to my favourite groups and wearing the same clothes as I do, I wouldn’t like it because I think she was not acting like an adult is supposed to.
Mike: (9) You see, this is why trendy parents are disturbing to me and why many children end up excluding their parents from their social circle. They shouldn’t act exactly the same as their kids because it’s too embarrassing.
Kate: (10) But you know, I understand why parents try to be trendy. (11) I suppose at that age you try to find anything that reminds you of when you were younger. (12) The fact that people feel they have to be trendy to be accepted is wrong, especially adults.
Peter: (13) I see what you mean. Adults are lucky because they don’t have to follow trends to the extent that younger people do. (14) Unfortunately, some adults still think they have to be «trendy’: Everyone has the right to do what they want and look how they want, within reason, of course.
Питер: Я думаю, что музыка, одежда, мобильные телефоны и сленг – это те факторы, которые относят нас к «молодежной культуре». Для родителей, чтобы по-настоящему иметь связь с их детьми, важно знать об интересы ребенка. И они не должны им нравиться.
Кейт: Действительно, это не сложно для родителей выяснить, кто является любимым артистом их ребенка, какие телефоны модные, и какая одежда не в моде. Времена меняются, почему бы родителям тоже не измениться?
Кристина: Я думаю, родители не должны пытаться быть модными, они должны просто быть самими собой. Большинство родителей хотят хорошо выглядеть из-за человеческой природы, но есть предел тому, как далеко они могут зайти. Пытаясь одеваться, как ваш сын или дочь, нет-нет.
Майк: Я считаю, что модные родители плохая идея, потому что они уже взрослые, а мы подростки, и должна быть черкая граница между нами. Родители должны иметь свой собственный стиль.
Кристина: Да, вы правы. Это хорошо для знаменитых родителей, как Мадонна, быть модным, потому что она знаменитая и это часть ее работы. Но если бы моя мама начала слушать мои любимые группы и одеваться в ту же одежду, что и я, мне бы это не понравилось, потому что, я думаю, она вела бы себя не так как предполагается взрослым.
Майк: Вы видите, именно поэтому модные родители меня беспокоят и поэтому многие дети в конечном итоге исключают родителей из их социального круга. Они не должны вести себя точно так же, как и их дети, потому что это слишком неловко.
Кейт: Но вы знаете, я понимаю, почему родители стараются быть модными. Я полагаю, в этом возрасте вы пытаетесь найти что-то, что напоминает вам о том, когда вы были моложе. То, что люди считают, что они должны быть модными, чтобы быть признаными – неправильно, особенно для взрослых.
Питер: Я понимаю, что ты имеешь в виду. Взрослым повезло, потому что они не должны следовать моде в той степени, как это делают молодые люди. К сожалению, некоторые взрослые до сих пор думают, что они должны быть «модными»: Каждый человек имеет право делать то, что он хочет и выглядеть, как он хочет, в пределах разумного, конечно.
Finding the words
Find 8 words and word-combinations on the topic «Victorian Family» on the field.
Time feed
Match some historical events with the correspondent dates and mark them on the timeline.
Matching
Read short texts about Victorian families and match a suitable heading.
Rich families had large houses, with a special room for children called the nursery. This was often at the top of the house. In the nursery younger children ate, played and slept. They were looked after by a woman called a nanny. She took them for walks in the park or to the zoo. Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening, and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants. Most Victorians thought children should be ‘seen and not heard’.
Many women had lots of babies. Birth control was not widespread, and few couples used any means of contraception. Child-bearing could be dangerous, and many women died in childbirth. Many babies also died, from childhood diseases. Queen Victoria had nine children. Her children were called Edward, Alfred, Arthur, Leopold, Victoria, Alice, Helena, Louise and Beatrice. The royal family became a model for other families.
Victorians made their own entertainment at home. They had no radio or TV. They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle. Families played card games and board games, and acted out charades. At birthday parties, a special treat was a magic lantern show. An oil or gas lamp sent a beam of light through a glass lens and onto a screen, to show enlarged images, perhaps of wild animals or a story told in pictures.
Many poor children lived in tiny country cottages or in city slums. There was no money for toys, nowhere to play except alleys and yards. Many children had to work, while others were too sick and hungry to play. Yet most poor children still managed to make some fun. They played with whatever they could find, perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man, paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.
Choosing the correct answer
Quiz: rich and poor Victorian families.
In Victorian household a “nanny” was a
.
What games did children play at home?
.
What were magic lanterns powered with?
.
Which of these was true in Victorian times?
.
Which of these statements is not true?
.
Filling the gaps with the words given
Read the text and fill the gaps with the phrases.
Many women had lots of babies. Birth control was not widespread, and few couples used any means of contraception. Child-bearing could be dangerous, . Many babies also died, from childhood diseases. Queen Victoria had nine children. Her children were called Edward, Alfred, Arthur, Leopold, Victoria, Alice, Helena, Louise and Beatrice. The royal family became a model for other families.
Many poor children lived in tiny country cottages or in city slums. There was no money for toys, nowhere to play . Many children had to work, while others were too sick and hungry to play. Yet most poor children still managed to make some fun. They played with whatever they could find, paddling in a stream, or climbing trees and lamp-posts.
Rich families had large houses, with a special room for children called the nursery. This was often at the top of the house. In the nursery younger children ate, played and slept. They were looked after by a woman called a nanny. She took them for walks in the park or to the zoo , and were looked after mostly by their nanny and by other servants. Most Victorians thought children should be ‘seen and not heard’.
Victorians made their own entertainment at home. They had no radio or TV. They enjoyed singing, and a rich family would sing around the piano, . Families played card games and board games, and acted out charades. At birthday parties, a special treat was a magic lantern show. An oil or gas lamp sent a beam of light through a glass lens and onto a screen, to show enlarged images, perhaps of wild animals or a story told in pictures.
and many women died in childbirth
except alleys and yards
perhaps dancing to the music of a hurdy-gurdy man
Some rich children saw their parents only in the morning and evening
while poorer families enjoyed tunes on a pipe or a fiddle
while their parents had to make their living
Matching
Match the words and word combinations with their definitions.
places where coal is dug out of the ground
a machine that is used to force a liquid or gas to flow 10. people who are employed to work at another person’s home
events at which many bright fireworks are lit to entertain the public
people who are employed to work at another person’s home
a room in a family home in which the young children of the family sleep or play
water that you can get by turning on a tap
people who clean chimneys
factories where cotton is processed
the people in a family or group who live together in a house
areas of land where a fair is held
Class division in the UK
Fill in the table.
Grade | Status | Occupation |
---|---|---|
A Upper Class |
||
B Middle Class |
||
C1 Lower Middle Class |
||
C2 Working Class |
||
D Working Class |
||
E Working Class |
||
The Underclass |
traditional sporting life (hunting, shooting, horse-riding)
no occupation
the majority of population
people with inherited wealth, some of the oldest families, aristocrats
supervisory or clerical and junior managerial, administrative or professional occupations
casual, low grade work, retired
skilled manual workers
casual or lowest grade workers, pensioners and others who depend on the state for their income
the unemployed, poor and homeless
semi- and unskilled manual work
skilled manual work
the majority of population
intermediate managerial, administrative or professional occupations
semi- and unskilled manual workers
Putting in the right order
Read the text about class division in the UK and put the sentences in the correct order to make a plan of the text.
Some things about Britain make sense only to the British. One of these, probably the strangest is social class.
There are three main class divisions in Britain with some ‘in between’ variations (such as ‘upper middle’): upper-middle and lower or working class. And people in Britain are very conscious of class differences.
The different classes in Britain tend to eat different food at different time of the day (and call the meals by different names), they like to talk about different topics, they enjoy different pastimes and sports and have different ideas about the correct way to behave.
The easiest way to guess the class to which the person belongs to is to listen to the way he or she speaks. A person’s accent in Britain is an identity card. Other people will be able to say what social background you come from, where you were born or educated, and what kind of job you do.
Changing an accent is difficult, even for actors. To achieve the desired accent, a British person must speak it from childhood. This is one of the reasons why people still send their children to expensive private schools. It is not that the education there is better, but because, as adults, they will have the right accent and manners.
A person’s vocabulary is also very important. Here is a good class-test you can try: when talking to an English person, say something too quietly for them to hear you properly. A lower-middle or middle-middle person will say ‘Pardon?’; an upper-middle will say ‘Sorry?’ (or perhaps ‘Sorry – what?’); but an upper-class and a working-class person will both say ‘What?’ The working person, however, will drop the ‘t’ – ‘Wha’?’
‘Toilet’ is another word that makes the higher classes exchange knowing looks. The correct upper word is ‘lavatory’ or ‘loo’. The working classes all say ‘toilet’, as do most lower-middles and middle-middles, the only difference being the working-class dropping of the final ‘t’.
An interesting thing about the class system in Britain is that very often it has nothing to do with money. A person with an upper-class accent, using upper-class words, will be recognized as upper class even if he or she is unemployed or homeless. And a person with working-class pronunciation, who calls a sofa ‘a settee’, and his midday meal ‘dinner’, will be identified as working class even if he is a multi-millionaire living in a grand country house.
Class differences on the lexical level
Accent is important
Money and the class system
Social classes in Britain
Filling the gaps
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct words derived from the words in capital letters.
Some things about Britain make sense only to the British. One of these, probably the
is social class.(STRANGE)
There are three main class divisions in Britain with some ‘in between’
(such as ‘upper middle’): upper-middle and lower or working class. (VARY) And people in Britain are very
of class differences.(CONSCIOUSNESS)
The
classes in Britain tend to eat different food at different time of the day (and call the meals by different names), (DIFFER) they like to talk about different topics, they enjoy different pastimes and sports and have different ideas about the correct way to
.(BEHAVIOUR)
Filling the gaps
Read the text and complete the gaps with the correct word derived from the word in brackets
The
way to guess the class to which the person belongs to is to listen to the way he or she speaks.(EASY) A person’s accent in Britain is an
card. (IDENTIFY)Other people will be able to say what
background you come from,(SOCIETY) where you were born or educated, and what kind of job you do.
Changing an accent is difficult, even for actors. To achieve the desired accent, a British person must speak it from
. (CHILD)This is one of the reasons why people still send their children to expensive private schools. It is not that the
there is better, but because, as adults, they will have the right accent and manners. (EDUCATE)
Highlighting
Read the text about education in Victorian times and choose the correct answer.
Education in Victorian times.
Boys from rich families were sent/ sent/ send away to boarding school. Some ‘public schools‘, as/like/ such Eton and Harrow, set highly/higher/ high standards.
Other schools were awful places, run/ were running/were run to make profits for the owners. Boys in these bad schools were half—starved, ill—treated, and taught very few/ little a little.
Girls were sent/sent/send away to be trained as governesses were not much better off, as started can learn from reading Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte.
Girls and ). boys teach/taught/ were taught first home by a male tutor or a female governess. The first good/ better/ best girls‘ schools were started on/in/at Victorian times, such as the North London Collegiate School (1850).
Highlighting
Read the text about education in Victorian times and choose the correct answer.
Victorian classroom.
There were maps and perhaps pictures on/at/ by the wall. There face be a globe for geography lessons, and an abacus to help with sums. Children were sitting/sat/ were set in rows and the teacher sat at a desk/ face/facing/faced the class. At the start of the/a Victorian age, many/more/ most teachers were men, but later many woman/ women / womans trained as teachers.
Children write/wrote/ were writing on slates with chalk. They wiped the slate clean, by spitting on it and rubbing with them/ theirs/ their coat sleeve or their finger! Slates could be used over and over. For write/ to write/ writing on paper, children used a pen with a metal nib, dipped into an ink well.
Filling the gaps with the words given
Read the text about children in coal mines and fill in the missing words from the word bank.
Children in coal mines.
Most coal was dug from deep mines. A long vertical shaft was dug down from the . Leading off from it were side tunnels. Miners rode in a lift, worked by a steam engine. In the tunnels, they hacked at the coal with picks and . Coal mines were dark, dirty and dangerous. The only light came from candles and oil lamps. Gas in the mine could choke miners, or explode. Tunnels could flood or collapse. killed many miners.
Coal mines were owned by the person on whose land they were dug. The mine sold their coal to the factories. Some mine owners were very rich, but they paid miners low . They did not care about health and safety, so at first they let small children and women work underground.
In 1842, Parliament stopped women and children under 10 years old from working . In 1860 the age limit for boy-miners was raised to 12, and in 1900 to 13.
Some children pushed of coal along mine tunnels. They were called ‘putters’. ‘Trappers’ opened and shut wooden doors to let through the tunnels. A trapper boy sat in the dark, with just a small candle, and no-one to talk to. Some children started work at 2 in the morning and stayed below ground for 18 hours. Children working on the surface, sorting , at least saw daylight and fresh air.
surface
shovels
Accidents
owners
wages
underground
trucks
air
coal
breathed
Filling the gaps with the words given
Read the text about children in cotton mills and fill in the missing words from the word bank.
Children in factories.
Cotton were factories where cotton was spun into thread. In woollen mills, wool was spun in a similar way. Weaving turned the thread into textiles, such as cloth and carpets. In Victorian Britain, the cotton and wool employed thousands of workers, mostly in the north of England. Mill workers lived in small houses close to the factories.
Factory owners employed children because they were cheap, did not complain, had nimble fingers, and could about under machines. Small girls worked in mills as ‘piecers’. They mended broken . ‘Scavengers’ crawled beneath clattering machines to pick up scraps of cotton. They risked getting caught in the machinery, losing hair or . Yet most mill-owners thought factory work was easy. At first, there were no laws to working children.
People reformers, such as Lord Shaftesbury (1801-1885), argued in Parliament for laws to stop child-work. Inspectors, called Commissioners, went into factories and mines. They talked to working children to find out the facts. These are three of the new laws passed by Parliament. 1841 Mines Act – No child the age of 10 to work underground in a coal mine. 1847 Ten Hour Act – No child to work more than 10 hours in a day. 1874 Factory Act – No child under the age of 10 to be in a factory.
mills
machines
industries
crawl
threads
arms
protect
called
under
employed
Read the words and word combinations.
a ballet dancer
an opera singer
a theatregoer
to visit theatres
to visit museums
to visit picture galleries
to draw pictures
to draw flowers
to draw in pencil
to paint mountains
to paint the sea
to paint the sky
an important lesson
an important thing
an important place
theatres and cinemas
museums and galleries
operas and ballets
reshalka.com
ГДЗ Английский язык 5 класс (часть 2) Афанасьева. UNIT 4. Step 6. Номер №2
Решение
Перевод задания
Прочитай слова и словосочетания.
танцор балета
оперный певец
театрал
посещать театры
посещать музеи
посещать картинные галереи
рисовать картины
рисовать цветы
рисовать карандашом
рисовать горы
рисовать море
рисовать небо
важный урок
важная вещь
важное место
театры и кино
музеи и галереи
оперы и балет