Questions Ending with Prepositions
Questions with prepositions at the end of the clause can be challenging for students. The word order of these questions is often different from the word order students use in their native language. This lesson makes students aware of these questions and also gives students the opportunity to practice using the structure.
Introducing the Topic
Write the following on the board and ask students to rearrange the words to form grammatically correct questions:
1. the present is for who ?
2. they from where are ?
Ask students to identify the prepositions in these questions. Elicit that the prepositions go at the end of the clause in the two examples above.
Explain that some questions in English have a preposition at the end of the clause. Give students a copy of the chart below and ask them to look at the examples of “wh” questions with who, what, where, which, and whose. Point out that each question has a preposition at the end of the clause.
Questions with Prepositions at the End of the Clause
Who are you waiting for? |
Who are they with? |
Who did you sit with at the meeting? |
What are you working on? |
What are you looking at? |
What was the meeting about? |
Where is she from? |
Where did this come from? |
Which school did you go to? |
Which restaurant should we eat at? |
Which candidate are they going to vote for? |
Whose house did they go to? |
Whose problems were they talking about? |
Whose party were they at last night? |
Ask students if they can think of any additional examples. Then, have them complete the two practice activities below.
Practice 1
Put the following questions in order.
1. this bag belong who to does ?
2. for looking who were you ?
3. in which group you are ?
4. is this beautiful gift from who ?
5. the book was written by who ?
6. about what the article is ?
7. at looking who was John ?
8. from he where is ?
9. were you about talking what I arrived when ?
10. whose clients about talking they are ?
Practice 2
Work with a partner. Say what the question is. Use the underlined preposition in your question. There may be more than one possible solution.
1. Question:
Answer: The movie was directed by Michael Bay.
2. Question:
Answer: The cake is for John. It’s his 40th birthday today.
3. Question:
Answer: Our office is close to City Hall.
4. Question:
Answer: Kevin talked about changes to the company’s commission structure.
5. Question:
Answer: Spain played against Holland in the final game of the 2010 World Cup.
6. Question:
Answer: I think she might be from Korea, but I’m not sure.
7. Question:
Answer: I think they went in Kate’s office
8. Question:
Answer: I presented after Mike.
9. Question:
Answer: I think they’re from Mexico.
SEE ANSWERS…
Sometimes a question word in English needs a preposition to complete its meaning. In informal contexts, this preposition goes at the end of the interrogative sentence.
What are they talking about?
What are you laughing at?
2. How are question words with prepositions used?
In spoken English it is very common to end questions with the same preposition that would be used in the answer. Usually, the preposition is used according to:
- A verb:
Who is she waiting for?
What is he looking at?
In both examples the verb is followed by the preposition indicated also in affirmative and negative sentences.
- An adjective:
What was he famous for?
What is your new book based on?
- It can be part of the same question word. It has a specific meaning:
What is this for?
Where does this wine come from?
In formal English the preposition can go before the question word:
What school club are you in?
In what school club are you?
In the case of who, this will be changed to the question word «whom«.
- When we don’t need to ask the whole question we can just use the question word followed by the preposition:
— I’d like to talk to you.
— What about? / What for?
— I’m going to the Brazilian Carnival next month.
— Who with?
Remember!
Sometimes a question word in English needs a preposition to complete its meaning. In informal contexts, this preposition goes at the end of the interrogative sentence.
Uses | Examples |
---|---|
Depending on the verb | Who does this suitcase belong to? |
Depending on the adjective | What are you good at? |
Specific meaning | What is the film about? |
Short questions | What about? What for? Where to? Who from?… |
Вопрос с предлогом представляет из себя классический специальный вопрос , на конце которого стоит предлог. Да, именно так — вопрос заканчивается на предлог. Но до сих пор находятся люди, которые считают, что «What grade are you in?» — говорить нельзя. А нужно говорить: «In what grade are you? По современным нормам английского языка не говорят: «In what grade …?» Как бы ни хотелось сделать «линейный» перевод с русского «В каком ты классе?» таким образом — это будет звучать неорганично и неестественно для английского уха.
Новое правило
В современном английском действует следующее правило:
Если с вопросительным словом связан предлог, то предлог уходит в конец предложения.
Да, знаю, как это непривычно звучит, но вам придется привыкнуть, потому что это норма современного английского языка. Вначале это некомфортно, ведь перед тем, как сделать перевод, мы вынуждены пробежать вопрос глазами до конца, чтобы убедиться — в конце предлог есть (или нет). И исходя из этого делать перевод вопроса.
Примеры:
- 1 What did your grandmother look like? — Как выглядела твоя бабушка?
look like – особая связка, в которой like – это предлог (а не глагол «любить»)
- 2 What are you looking at? – На что ты смотришь?
look at – смотреть на (что-то)
Даже если мешает предлог в конце — мы не переставляем его в начало и не убираем. Ведь без предлога мы потеряем важный смысл:
- What did your mother look? / What are you looking? — вопрос теперь непонятен.
Еще несколько примеров:
Разговорная английская речь | Перевод |
Where do you come from? | Откуда вы родом? |
What are you concerned about? | О чем вы тревожитесь? |
Who did you go with? | С кем ты ходил? |
В русском языке предлог всегда стоит вместе с вопросительным словом, а иной раз и сливается с ним в формате приставки (от-куда).
На что опереться?
1) Помните о фразовых глаголах. Если вопрос задан к слову, стоящему после фразового глагола (к объекту), то предлог (послелог) не меняет позицию. Он остается там, где он и был.
- I’m looking for my smartphone. -> What are you looking for?
2) Запомните несколько предлогов с глаголами, которые в вопросах встречаются часто.
- listen to — слушать (что-то)
- wait for — ждать (кого-то/что-то)
- ask for — попросить (что-то)
- pay for — платить (за что-то)
- come to — прийти (куда-то)
- belong to — принадлежать (кому-то)
- think about – думать (о чем-то)
- thank for — поблагодарить (за что-то)
- apologise for — извиниться (за что-то)
- look after — следить за
- look at — смотреть на
- look for — искать
- look forward to – ждать с нетерпением
Устойчивые связки прилагательных с предлогами:
- (be) good at — хорошо делать (что-то)
- (be) interested in — интересоваться
- (be) afraid of — бояться
- (be) proud of — гордиться
Например:
- What did you pay him for? – За что ты ему заплатил?
- What are you good at? – Что у тебя получается делать?
В традиционных грамматических правилах считается, что предлоги в вопросах не следует ставить в конце оборота или предложения. И это действительно корректно с точки зрения грамматики английского языка. Однако, в неформальной речи часто ставят предлог отдельно от слова, с которым он связан. При этом ошибкой не считается такой порядок слов.
Сравните:
In which restaurants are we having lunch? (формально)
Which restaurants are we having lunch in? (неформально)
For whom is Jack waiting for? (формально)
Who is Jack waiting for? (неформально)
Предлог — часть речи, которая указывает на пространственные, причинные, временные и другие виды отношений между словами в предложении. Таким образом, предлоги в английском языке несут ту же функцию, что и падежи в русском.
Предлоги можно использовать в конце предложения в следующих случаях:
ПРИ НЕФОРМАЛЬНОЙ РЕЧИ ИЛИ ПРИ ОБЩЕНИИ В ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯХ,
НАЧИНАЮЩИХСЯ С WHAT, WHO, WHERE, WHİCH.
Заканчивать предложения предлогом при неформальном общении не только можно, но и даже нужно. Такие конструкции придают речи более естественный и непринужденный оттенок.
Например:
Who should I give this book to? — Кому мне нужно передать эту книгу?
What apartment did you stay at/in? — В каких апартаментах ты остановился?
Which of the suburbs do you live in? — В каком из районов ты живешь?
What was Tom thinking about? — О чем Том только думал?
Which city does Alice live in? — Где живет Элис?
What are you looking at? — На что ты смотришь?
Who is Jack waiting for? — Кого ждет Джек?
What conference room did Sam come into? — В какую переговорную зашел Сэм.
В СЛОЖНОПОДЧИНЕННЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯХ И В ПРЕД.
Использовать предлог можно не только в вопросительных предложениях, но и в утвердительных сложноподчиненных предложениях с определительным придаточным.
Например:
Jason told me what he was looking for. — Джейсон сказал мне, что он искал.
Ask Jack about it. Only he knows which home Jessica lives in. — Спроси об этом Джека. Только он знает, в каком доме живет Джессика.
I don’t understand what you are asking for. — Я не понимаю, о чем вы просите.
Daniel was always curious what Jack was dreaming about. — Даниэлю всегда было интересно, о чем мечтает Джек.
В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯХ С ПАССИВНЫМ ЗАЛОГОМ.
Вы также можете поставить предлог в конце предложения, если он является частью пассивной конструкции.
Например:
Jessica was the only one they laughed at. — Джессика была единственной, над кем они смеялись.
В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯХ, КОГДА ПРЕДЛОГ ЯВЛЯЕТСЯ НЕРАЗДЕЛИМОЙ ЧАСТЬЮ ИНФИНИТИВА.
Например:
This situation is not difficult to put up with. — C этой ситуацией несложно мириться.
Jack just wants to come by. — Джек просто хочет забежать в гости.
What information should you know to sign in? — Какая информация тебе нужна, чтобы зарегистрироваться.
Olga asked him to stay in. — Ольга попросила его остаться.
Kate doesn’t know what to begin with? — кейт не знает, с чего начать.
Olga finally decided to break up with Ivan. — Ольга наконец-то решила расстаться с Иваном.
It seems that I forgot to log out. — Похоже, что я забыл выйти из аккаунта.
This is the article that I want to comment on. — Эта та самая статья, которую я хочу прокомментировать.
Избегать конструкций с предлогом в конце лучше в следующих случаях:
ПРИ ФОРМАЛЬНОМ ОБЩЕНИИ ИЛИ ПЕРЕПИСКЕ.
Как видно из перечисленных выше правил, предлог в конце предложения не является грамматической ошибкой. Однако это уместно при общении исключительно с друзьями. Но если вы пишете научную работу, бизнес-план или отправляете письмо иностранному коллеге, старайтесь избегать подобных конструкций.
Например:
Неверно: Which edition was your work published in? — В каком издании была напечатана твоя работа?
Верно: In which edition your work was published? — В каком издании была напечатана твоя работа?
Hi, dear readers! Are you having a problem understanding or making questions which end with a preposition? For example: WHO do you go WITH? Or WHERE do you come FROM? These are some of the easier ones, but my students hardly ever understand that it means WITH WHO did you go? and FROM WHERE do you come (originate). These questions are a bit tricky, especially if the sentence is long. But let’s look at some typical questions with prepositions at the end so you can understand them better.
Questions ending in ABOUT
Question | Answer |
What are you thinking about? | I’m thinking about my holiday. |
What was the film about? | It was about love at first sight between a Japanese woman and a Colombian man. |
Who are they talking about? | They are talking about their children. |
What is Milly worried about? | She’s worried about her performance. |
What did the customer complain about? | He complained about the bicycle he’d bought in our shop. |
What is Tara angry about? | She’s angry about dinner always being late. |
What‘s Peter’s business about? | It’s about real estate. |
What‘s that noise all about? | A mechanic is trying to fix my car. |
What is Mary so excited about? | She’s excited about her trip to Cuba. |
What is this article about? | It’s about a man whose credit card was stolen. |
Questions ending in AT
Question | Answer |
What are you looking at? | I’m looking at the painting. |
Which subjects are you good at? | I’m very good at Maths. |
Which pub did you eat at? | At that nice small pub on High Street. |
Whose party were Tom and Brenda at? | They were at Tom’s birthday party. |
What are you laughing at? | I’m laughing at my dog. He’s so funny. |
What age do the children start talking at? | They normally start talking at the age of 2 or 3. |
Questions ending in BY
Question | Answer |
Who is the film directed by? | It’s directed by a young Brazilian director. |
Who is the book written by? | It was written by Louis Bromfield. |
What are you going to travel by? | We are going to travel by bus. |
Which cities will we be passing by on our way to the Mediterranean? | We’ll be passing by Rome and Napoli. |
Who was the charity founded by? | It was founded by the Queen herself. |
What was the damage caused by? | It was caused by a tornado.0 |
Questions ending in FOR
Answer | Question |
Who are you waiting for? | I’m waiting for my mum. |
How long have you been here for? | I’ve been waiting for two hours. |
Who do you think we should vote for? | You should vote for the candidate you like best. |
Which movies is this actor known for? | He is known for the movie “Last Supper”. |
Which company do you work for? | I work for an engineering company. |
Who is the present for? | It’s for the hostess. |
What age is this book for? | It’s for children who are 3-5 years old. |
What is this town famous for? | It’s famous for the old cathedral. |
What did you go to the shop for? | I went there for sugar. We ran out. |
What are you doing this for? | I’m doing it for my new project. |
Questions ending in FROM
Question | Answer |
Where does Pete come from? | He comes from Nepal. |
Who is the email from? | It’s from a friend. He wants to come to England. |
Who did you get this perfume from? | I got it from my boyfriend. |
What are you hiding from? | I’m hiding from my boss. He thinks I’m having a day off. |
Where are you from? | I’m from Italy. |
Where does the train come from? | It comes from Istanbul. |
What time is the shop open from? | We’re open from 8 am on workdays. |
What is steel made from? | It’s made from iron. |
Tell me again – what did she save him from? | She saved him from drowning in the sea. |
Questions ending in TO
Question | Answer |
Who are you talking to? | I’m talking to my colleague. |
Which university did you go to? | I went to Cambridge. |
Who did you sell the car to? | I sold it to an unknown person. |
Who are you most grateful to? | I’m most grateful to my parents. |
Who did you address the postcard to? | I addressed it to my best friend. |
Who are you most devoted to? | I’m most devoted to my children. |
Which restaurant are we going to? | We’re going to an Italian restaurant. |
Questions ending in WITH
Question | Answer |
Who are we going with? | We are going with Mark and his brother. |
Who are you angry with? | I’m angry with my sister. She took my car without asking me. |
What did you make this cake with? | I made it with flour, sugar, butter and eggs. |
Who are you moving in with? | I’m moving in with my girlfriend. |
Who do you live with? | I live with my parents. |
What do you want your pizza with? | I want it with ham, mushrooms and cheese. |
Who did you argue with? | I argued with my workmate. |
Who are you watching the football match with? | I’m watching it with David. |
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