How do we form questions in Passive voice?
Questions in Passive are formed with to be and the past participle *.
1. Questions without questions words in Passive (Simple Present)
Form of be | Subject | past participle | Rest | Yes/No | Subject | Auxiliary (+ n’t) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Is | the test | written | in room 311? | Yes, No, No, |
it it it |
is. is not. isn’t. |
Are | grapes | grown | in California? | Yes, No, No, |
they they they |
are. are not. aren’t. |
2. Questions with questions words in Passive (Simple Present)
Question word | Form of be | Subject | past participle | Rest | Answer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Where | is | the test | written? | The test is written in room 311. | |
Why | are | grapes | grown | in California? | Grapes are grown in California because it’s warm and sunny. |
3. Questions without questions words in Passive (Simple Past)
Form of be | Subject | past participle | Rest | Yes/No | Subject | Auxiliary (+ n’t) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Was | the book | taken | to the classroom? | Yes, No, No, |
it it it |
was. was not. wasn’t. |
Were | the students | taught | at home? | Yes, No, No, |
they they they |
were. were not. weren’t. |
4. Questions with question words in Passive (Simple Past)
Question word | Form of be | Subject | past participle | Rest | Answer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Where | was | the book | taken? | The book was taken to the classroom. | |
Why | were | the students | taught | at home? | The students were taught at home because the school was closed. |
5. Other tenses
Here are some more examples in other tenses. Let’s start with the simple forms:
Tense | Auxiliary | Subject | Verb |
---|---|---|---|
Present Perfect | Has | the house | been built? |
Past Perfect | Had | the house | been built? |
will-future | Will | the house | be built? |
going to-future | Is | the house | going to be built? |
Future Perfect | Will | the house | have been built? |
Conditional | Would | the house | be built? |
Conditional Perfect | Would | the house | have been built? |
And here are two progessive forms:
Tense | Auxiliary | Subject | Verb |
---|---|---|---|
Present Progressive | Is | the house | being built? |
Past Progressive | Was | the house | being built? |
* past participle:
- regular verbs → infinitive + -ed
- irregular verbs → 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs
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Образование отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в страдательном залоге
Образование предложений разного типа во всех временах происходит без использования дополнительных средств (вспомогательные глаголы), а только через смену порядка слов.
В примерах будут использоваться только те времена, которые были объяснены в предыдущих уроках и темах.
Отрицательные предложения
Действительный залог / Active Voice | Страдательный залог / Passive Voice | |
Present Indefinite | He gives piano lessons | Piano lessons are not given |
Past Indefinite | He gave piano lessons | Piano lessons were not given |
Future Indefinite | He will give piano lessons | Piano lessons will not be given |
Present Continuous | He is giving piano lessons | Piano lessons are not being given |
Past Continuous | He was giving piano lessons | Piano lessons were not being given |
Present Perfect | He has given piano lessons | Piano lessons have not been given |
I am afraid the keys won’t be found tomorrow.
We weren’t called to the party.
Вопросительные предложения
В страдательном залоге времен Present Indefinite, Past Indefinite, Present Continuous, Past Continuous на первое место (в общих вопросах) и на второе (в специальных вопросах) выносится форма глагола to be.
Действительный залог / Active Voice | Страдательный залог / Passive Voice | |
Present Indefinite | Do you play music in this bar every night? | Is music played in this bar every night? |
Past Indefinite | Did you take your son from school yesterday? | Was your son taken from school by you? |
Present Continuous | Is she making a special dinner? | Is a special dinner being made by her? |
Past Continuous | Were strange people following him? | Was he being followed by strange people? |
Примечание
Страдательный залог в некоторых случаях выглядит несколько странно (и в английском и в русском вариантах). Поэтому в таких случаях лучше использовать залог действительный.
Is a special dinner being made by her? — Особенный ужин сейчас делается ею?
Лучше заменить на:
Is she making a special dinner?
В остальных временах (группы Perfect и Indefinite) на первое место (в общих вопросах) и на второе (в специальных) выносится вспомогательный глагол have/has или shall/will.
Действительный залог / Active Voice | Страдательный залог / Passive Voice | |
Future Indefinite | Will you drive me home? | Will I be driven home? |
Present Perfect | Has he already fixed his car? | Has his car already been fixed? |
Специальные вопросы
Действительный залог / Active Voice | Страдательный залог / Passive Voice | |
Present Indefinite | What does she usually do after work? | What is usually done by her after work? |
Past Continuous | What were you playing on the piano when I came? | What was being played on the piano by you when I came? |
Future Indefinite | How will you name your cat? | How will your cat be named? |
Present Perfect | Why has he broken the door? | Why the door has been broken by him? |
Questions can be changed into the passive. We will learn about changing questions into the passive in this chapter.
Read the following sentences.
Did she invite you? (Active Voice)
Were you invited by her? (Passive Voice)
Can anybody cure it? (Active Voice)
Can it be cured (by anybody)? (Passive Voice)
Who broke the window? (Active Voice)
By whom was the window broken? (Passive Voice)
What do you want? (Active Voice)
What is wanted by you? (Passive Voice)
Will you tell me a story? (Active Voice)
Will a story be told to me by you? (Passive Voice)
Have you finished work? (Active Voice)
Has the work been finished by you? (Passive Voice)
When will they announce the results? (Active Voice)
When will the results be announced (by them)? (Passive Voice)
Notes
The verbs do, does or did does not appear in the passive form.
The verbs has, have, had, will, shall, can, may etc., do not change their position at the beginning when the active voice is changed to the passive voice.
Have you invited him? (Active Voice)
Has he been invited by you? (Passive Voice)
Will you help me? (Active Voice)
Will I be helped by you? (Passive Voice)
The question words when, where, why, how or what does not move from their position at the beginning when active voice is changed to the passive voice. Note that who is changed into by whom and whom into who.
What did he say? (Active Voice)
What was said by him? (Passive Voice)
Whom did you invite? (Active Voice)
Who was invited by you? (Passive Voice)
Who broke the glass? (Active voice)
By whom was the glass broken? (Passive voice)
Продолжаем изучение пассивного залога в английском языке. На этот раз речь пойдет о конструкциях с вопросами. Необходимо разобраться, в чем разница между этими формами для того, чтобы говорить правильно.
Для начала давайте вспомним, как образуются вопросы в настоящем простом времени. Для этого используются вспомогательные глаголы Do либо Does. Например,
Do you like France?
Do you like travelling?
Do you have many friends?
Does he like travelling?
Does he have a boyfriend?
Does he do his homework?
То есть вспомогательные глаголы Do либо Does используются в Present Simple Active для того, чтобы задать вопрос. Помним, что эти глаголы не используются в пассивном залоге.
В Present Simple Passive для обычного предложения используется глагол Be и третья форма глагола. например:
I am invited breakfast is made (Меня пригласили на завтрак).
Для того, чтобы задать вопрос в пассивном залоге, нужно перенести глагол to be вперед:
Be … V-3 (V-ed)?
Например:
Are you invited? (А тебя пригласили?)
Is breakfast made? (Завтрак сделали?)
Is the letter sent? (Письмо послали?)
Is the shop closed? (Магазин уже закрыт?).
Таким образом, в активном залоге используются глаголы Do либо Does, в пассивном — предложения начинаются с – Is, Are, Am + третья форма глагола (V-3).
Present Simple Active
Do you build a house? (Ты строишь дом?)
Present Simple Passive
Is the house build by you? (Дом построен тобой?)
(Ответы пишите в комментариях, мы проверим)
- Make yes/no questions for the following sentences:
- Pupils are asked at every lesson.
- The sick child is taken to the hospital.
- I am always informed about all the problems.
- He was laughed at by the boys.
- She was promised an invitation card to the party.
- Write who/what questions for the following sentences:
- This house was designed by Mr Smith.
- The newspaper was delivered to you an hour ago.
- Nick is often punished.
- The window has been left closed.
- Jenny was met at the station.
- Put the words in the right order to make up a sentence:
- Horse/fed/was/the/by/boy/the?
- Been/told/who/it/about/has?
- The/eaten/with/a/soup/spoon/is.
- He/given/magazines/is/English?
- Letters/were/John/those/written/by.
- Translate the sentences into English:
· Эту книгу можно найти в нашей библиотеке?
· Ему платят два раза в месяц?
· Кем была написана эта картина?
· За доктором уже отправили?
· Кого пригласили на этот концерт?