Pronunciation of the word country

страна, местность, отечество, родина, загородный, деревенский, сельский

существительное ↓

прилагательное ↓

Словосочетания

a country with a cold climate — страна с холодным климатом  
the country’s entrance into war — вступление страны в войну  
a country ravaged by civil war — страна, разорённая гражданской войной  
the country’s per capita income — доход на душу населения этой страны  
a brief stay in the country — недолгое пребывание в стране  
country bumpkin — деревенщина  
conclusion to the country — постановка стороной вопроса на разрешение присяжных  
to appeal / go to the country — распустить парламент и назначить новые выборы  
in the open country — на лоне природы  
creditor country — страна-кредитор  
cross-country tire — шина повышенной проходимости  
cross-country chassis — вездеходное шасси  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Возможные однокоренные слова

cross-country  — кросс, без дороги, проходящий прямиком
upcountry  — расположенный в центре страны, внутренний, расположенный вдали от больших городов
backcountry  — удаленная от путей сообщения местность, отсталый сельскохозяйственный район
dream-country  — сказочная страна
up-country  — внутри страны
back-country  — отдаленный
lake-country  — Озерный край, западе Англии,
countrylike  — деревенский, простоватый, деревенски, простому
downcountry  — равнина, равнина
supercountry  — сверхдержава

Формы слова

noun
ед. ч.(singular): country
мн. ч.(plural): countries

English


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How to pronounce COUNTRY

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English Pronunciation

coun–try

IPA: /ˈkʌntɹi/

Pronunciation in other languages

Facts and definition of COUNTRY

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Similar Words

• Abkhaz: аҳәынҭқарра (aḥʷəntkarra)
• Adyghe: хэку (xekʷu)
• Afrikaans: land (af)
• Ainu: モシㇼ (mosir)
• Albanian: atdhe (sq), shtet (sq) m
• Antillean Creole: péyi
• Arabic: بَلَد‎ (ar) f (balad), وَطَن‎ (ar) m (waṭan)

  Egyptian Arabic: بلد‎ f (balad), وطن‎ m (waṭan)

• Armenian: երկիր (hy) (erkir), պետություն (hy) (petutʿyun)
• Asturian: país (ast) m
• Avar: улка (ulka)
• Azerbaijani: ölkə (az), dövlət (az), məmləkət (az)
• Bashkir: ил (il), дәүләт (däwlät)
• Basque: herrialde
• Belarusian: краі́на (be) f (kraína), дзяржа́ва (be) f (dzjaržáva)
• Bengali: দেশ (bn) (deś), রাষ্ট্র (bn) (raśṭro)
• Berber:

  Tashelhit: tamazirt f

• Breton: bro (br) f
• Bulgarian: страна́ (bg) f (straná), роди́на (bg) f (rodína), държа́ва (bg) f (dǎržáva)
• Burmese: နိုင်ငံ (my) (nuingngam)
• Catalan: país (ca) m
• Chechen: мохк (moxk), махкалла (maxkalla)
• Cherokee: ᎠᏰᏟᎤᏙᏢᏒ (ayetliudotlvsv)
• Chichewa: dziko
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 國家／国家 (gwok³ gaa¹)

  Dungan: гоцзя (goczi͡a)

  Mandarin: 國家／国家 (zh) (guójiā)

  Min Nan: 國家／国家 (zh-min-nan) (kok-ka)

• Chukchi: нутэнут (nutėnut), государство (gosudarstvo)
• Coptic: ⲭⲱⲣⲁ f (khōra), ⲕⲁϩⲓ m (kahi)
• Crimean Tatar: memleket
• Czech: země (cs) f, stát (cs) m
• Danish: land (da) n
• Dutch: land (nl) n
• Esperanto: lando (eo)
• Estonian: maa (et), riik (et)
• Faroese: land
• Finnish: maa (fi), valtio (fi)
• French: pays (fr) m, contrée (fr) f
• Galician: país (gl) m
• Georgian: ქვეყანა (kveq̇ana)
• German: Land (de) n; Staat (de) m; Vaterland (de) n
• Greek: χώρα (el) f (chóra)

  Ancient: χώρα f (khṓra)

• Greenlandic: nunaat
• Gujarati: દેશ (gu) (deś)
• Haitian Creole: peyi
• Hawaiian: kaumokuʻāina
• Hebrew: אֶרֶץ‎ (he) f (érets), מְדִינָה‎ (he) f (m’diná)
• Hindi: देश (hi) m (deś), राष्ट्र (hi) m (rāṣṭra)
• Hungarian: ország (hu)
• Icelandic: land (is) n, ríki (is) n
• Ido: lando (io)
• Indonesian: negara (id), bangsa (id)
• Ingrian: maa, riikki
• Interlingua: pais
• Irish: tír f
• Italian: paese (it) m, nazione (it) f, patria (it) f, stato (it) m
• Japanese: 国 (ja) (くに, kuni), 国家 (ja) (こっか, kokka)
• Jarai: čar
• Javanese: negara (jv)
• Kabardian: хэку (xekʷu)
• Kannada: ದೇಶ (kn) (dēśa), ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ (kn) (rāṣṭra)
• Kashmiri: مُلک‎ (mulk)
• Kashubian: państwò n
• Kazakh: ел (el), мемлекет (kk) (memleket)
• Khmer: ស្រុក (km) (srok), ប្រទេស (km) (prɑteih)
• Korean: 나라 (ko) (nara), 국가(國家) (ko) (gukga)
• Kumyk: пачалыкъ (paçalıq), уьлке (ülke)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: وِڵات‎ (ckb) (willat)

  Laki: ڤِڵات‎ (villat)

  Northern Kurdish: welat (ku)

  Southern Kurdish: وِڵات‎ (ku) (willat)

• Kyrgyz: өлкө (ky) (ölkö), мамлекет (ky) (mamleket)
• Ladin: paeje
• Lao: ປະເທດ (pa thēt), ເມືອງ (lo) (mư̄ang), ຊາດ (lo) (sāt)
• Latin: terra (la) f, natio (la) f, patria (la) f
• Latvian: valsts m, zeme (lv) f
• Lezgi: уьлкве (ülk°e)
• Ligurian: pàize
• Lithuanian: valstybė (lt) f, šalis (lt) f, kraštas (lt) m
• Low German: land n
• Luri:

  Northern Luri: ولات‎ (wlạt)

• Lutshootseed: swatixʷtəd
• Luxembourgish: Land (lb) n, Staat (lb) m
• Lü: ᦵᦙᦲᧂ (moeng), ᨾᩮᩥ᩠ᨦ
• Macedonian: држава f (država), земја f (zemja), нација f (nacija)
• Malagasy: tany (mg)
• Malay: negara (ms), nasional (ms)
• Malayalam: രാജ്യം (ml) (rājyaṃ)
• Maltese: pajjiż m
• Manchu: ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ (gurun)
• Marathi: देश (mr) m (deś)
• Mingrelian: ქიანა (kiana), ქიჸანა (kiʾana)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: улс (mn) (uls), гүрэн (mn) (güren), орон (mn) (oron)

• Navajo: kéyah
• Nepali: देश (ne) (deś)
• Norman: pays m
• Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: land (no) n

  Nynorsk: land n

• Occitan: país (oc) m
• Ojibwe: aki, akiin pl
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: землꙗ f (zemlja), страна f (strana)

• Old East Slavic: землꙗ f (zemlja), краина f (kraina)
• Old English: land (ang) n
• Ottoman Turkish: ایل‎ (il)
• Pa’o Karen: ခမ်းထီ
• Pashto: مملکت‎ m (mamlakat)
• Pela: mau³¹, maŋ³¹, maŋ³¹ tɛ̃⁵⁵, kɔ³¹kja⁵⁵
• Persian: کشور‎ (fa) (kešvar), میهن‎ (fa) (mihan), سرزمین‎ (fa) (sarzamin)
• Plautdietsch: Launt (nds) n
• Polish: kraj (pl) m inan, państwo (pl) n
• Portuguese: país (pt) m, nação (pt) f, países (pt) pl
• Punjabi: ਦੇਸ਼ (deś), ਮੂਲਕ (mūlak), ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰ (rāśṭar)
• Quechua: suyu (qu)
• Romani: them m
• Romanian: țară (ro) f, națiune (ro), stat (ro) n, patrie (ro) f
• Romansch: pajais m
• Russian: страна́ (ru) f (straná), госуда́рство (ru) n (gosudárstvo), держа́ва (ru) f (deržáva), (poetic, ironic) край (ru) m (kraj)
• Rusyn: краї́на f (krajína)
• Sahaptin: tiichám
• Sanskrit: देश (sa) m (deśa), राष्ट्र (sa) m (rāṣṭra)
• Saterland Frisian: Lound
• Scots: kintra
• Scottish Gaelic: dùthaich f, talamh m or f, tìr f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: зѐмља f, др̀жава f, кра̏јина f, на̑ција f, ^{(please verify)} отачбина f

  Roman: zèmlja (sh) f, dr̀žava (sh) f, krȁjina (sh) f, nȃcija (sh) f, ^{(please verify)} otačbina f

• Sindhi: ملڪ‎
• Sinhalese: රට (si) (raṭa)
• Slovak: krajina (sk) f, štát (sk) m
• Slovene: država (sl) f
• Spanish: país (es) m
• Swahili: U- class 11/14, dola (sw) class 9/10, inchi (sw) class 9/10
• Swedish: land (sv) n
• Tagalog: bansa (tl)
• Tajik: давлат (tg) (davlat), мамлакат (mamlakat), кишвар (tg) (kišvar)
• Tamil: தேசம் (ta) (tēcam)
• Taos: pǫ̏’óna
• Tatar: ил (tt) (il), дәүләт (tt) (däwlät)
• Telugu: దేశము (te) (dēśamu)
• Thai: ประเทศ (th) (bprà-têet), เมือง (th) (mʉʉang), ชาติ (th) (châat), รัฐ (th) (rát)
• Tok Pisin: kantri (tpi)
• Turkish: ülke (tr), memleket (tr), il (tr), el (tr), devlet (tr)
• Turkmen: ülke (tk), döwlet, watan
• Uab Meto: pah
• Ugaritic: 𐎈𐎆𐎚 (ḥwt)
• Ukrainian: краї́на (uk) f (krajína), держа́ва (uk) f (deržáva)
• Urdu: ملک‎ m (mulk), دیش‎ m (deś), راشٹر‎ m (rāṣṭra)
• Uyghur: دۆلەت‎ (dölet), مەملىكەت‎ (memliket)
• Uzbek: mamlakat (uz)
• Vietnamese: quốc gia (vi) (國家 (vi)), đất nước (vi)
• Volapük: län (vo)
• Walloon: payis (wa) m
• Welsh: gwladwriaeth (cy)
• West Frisian: lân (fy) n
• Wolof: réew (wo)
• Yiddish: מדינה‎ f (medine)
• Zazaki: ware (diq) m, memleket m, cayer m
• Zhuang: guekgya

The sounds /aʊ/ (as in «how») and /ʌ/ (as in «hunt») have a historical relationship in the English language. Often, /aʊ/ comes from Middle English /uː/ and /ʌ/ comes from Middle English /u/. These are long and short versions respectively of «the same» vowel.

In historical languages related to French, the sound /u/ could be written as «o», «u» or «ou», more or less interchangeably. (There may have been some amount of consistency in any one particular document, or some criteria for which one to use in what circumstances within a single document, but I don’t know about this.)

As a result of influence from French (-related languages), the digraph «ou» became established in Middle English as a way to write the sound /uː/. (I go over this in my answer to Why does “ow” have two different sounds) Some words taken from French with /u/ were pronounced in Middle English with long /uː/, for whatever reason, so in modern English they have /aʊ/, like count and round. Other words taken from French with /u/ were pronounced, at least eventually, with short /u/, like (apparently) front, so in modern English they have /ʌ/.

The use of «ou» in the spelling of words that have /ʌ/ in modern language therefore seems like it could be explained in a couple of ways. I don’t know which of the following is the right explanation for «country»:

• it could be a retention of the French spelling. In French, «ou» was used for /u/; the use of the digraph for long /uː/ in particular is, as far as I know, an innovation that arose when «ou» came to be used in the spelling of English words. Other French-derived words where «ou» represents /ʌ/: double, trouble, couple

• the similarity of the sounds /uː/ and /u/ caused some interchange between «ou» and «u» before English spelling conventions were solidified

• the word used to be pronounced with long /uː/ in at least some varieties of Middle English. The modern pronunciation with /ʌ/ descends from a variant pronunciation with short /u/ that existed for some reason

The last one seems plausible to me, because a variety of vowel-shortening processes are known to have been active in English. For example, the word «southern» is pronounced with /ʌ/, unlike «south» which has /aʊ/, due to a sound law that has been called «trisyllabic laxing». Figuring out exactly how and why vowel-shortening occured in a particular word can be difficult, however: note that «southern» doesn’t have three syllables in modern English. The «trisyllabic laxing» explanation only makes sense historically.

With «country», it seems likely that the cluster of three consonants «ntr» exerted a shortening effect on the preceding vowel. Janus Bahs Jacquet’s answer to Why is ‘i’ in milk pronounced differently from ‘i’ in find? mentions child vs. children as an example of this kind of shortening before certain kinds of consonant clusters.

However, if the vowel was originally short in Middle English, not a long vowel shortened by a rule, this might be explainable by reference to the stress. The OED notes «Stress on the final syllable [..] was common in verse in Middle English»; there is a general tendency for unstressed vowels to be short more often than stressed vowels. A similar example might be «compass» /ˈkʌmpəs/ from French «compas» and the old pronunciation of «conduit» as «KUN-dit» (A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, John Walker, 1791).

On the other hand (or back on the first hand), we do see /aʊ/ in the words «fountain» and «mountain,» from French fontaine and m{o/u/ou}ntai(g)n(e), which I think supports the consonant-cluster explanation over the stress explanation.

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