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#1
I’ve been thinking about it, and I realized that I don’t know the present tense of will as in I will do such and such. Is there a present tense? And if so, what is it?
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#2
Well, «I will …» is always referring to the future. You don’t say, «I will did that». Even when you say, «I will have done that», it is still something about the future.
You could say, «I want to do that», that is present tense, but of course that’s not the same
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#3
I think if you want to make «I will do that» present,
you could just say «I am doing that»
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#4
Hello Shishire Maiga, and welcome to WordReference.
When will is used as a modal verb, it always conveys futurity.
It may also be used with the meaning of direct volition. Many of the meanings in this sense are obsolete or archaic. But there are still some normal uses.
Bill is a good lad most of the time, but he will poke the baby when she’s asleep. A sense of something Bill habitually does.
There are more.
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#5
The present tense of ‘will’ is:
— I will
— thou wilt (rare)
— he / she / it will (exceptionally, modal verbs such as will do not end in -s in the third person singular)
— we / you / they will.
When used with reference to the present, ‘will’ indicates either
1) probablity or
2) volition.
Examples of 1):
They will be there by now.
We know there are 32 children in class 3A, and 31 in class 3B, so there will be about 31 or 32 in class 3C.
Examples of 2):
Will you take this man to be your lawful wedded husband? — I will. (i.e. I hereby consent).
They are trying to get us out of the house, but we won’t go. (we are refusing to go).
The ‘volition’ is sometimes extended to inanimate objects, e.g. The car won’t start, meaning ‘I can’t get it to start’.
Like all English present tense verbs, ‘will’ can point to the future, as well as the present. The way in which it is used to point to the future differs from place to place, and from generation to generation. In many types of English, the meanings 1) and 2) above tend to disappear when ‘will’ points to the future.
For example,
— in some kinds of English (perhaps mainly among speakers from England), You will shoot the prisoner at dawn tomorrow means EITHER 1) it is probably that you will shoot the prisoner at dawn tomorrow OR 2) you agree to shoot the prisoner at dawn tomorrow, preserving meanings 1) and 2) referred to above; whereas
— in other (perhaps most) kinds of English ‘You will shoot the prisoner at dawn tomorrow can be a prediction of the future that makes the future seem as certain as the present, and hence may be interpreted as a command.
Английская грамматика полна сюрпризов, которые поджидают нас в каждом правиле – ведь всегда найдутся исключения, несоответствия, о которых нужно поговорить отдельно. Вот, например, вы уже выучили английские будущие времена: Future Simple Tense, Future Continuous Tense и Future Prefect Tense. Но, возможно, не знаете, что в некоторых случаях будущее время можно выразить нестандартным способом. Мы имеем в виду возможность выразить будущее действие при помощи настоящего времени.
The Present Continuous Tense
Рассмотрим сначала возможность выразить будущее действие при помощи времени The Present Continuous Tense. Обратите внимание на следующий пример: «Mary is meeting her husband at the railway station – Мэри встречает (встретит) мужа на станции». В данном предложении явно видно, что разговор идет о событии, которое произойдет позже момента речи. Можно предположить, что более одного человека знают об этом событии, и что имеют место определенные приготовления (к встрече). То есть, Present Continuous употребляется для выражения запланированного действия в будущем. Вот еще несколько примеров:
- Jane is flying to Paris tomorrow – Джейн завтра улетает (уедет) в Париж
- What is she doing tonight? – Что она делает (будет делать) вечером,
- He is planning to visit his friend next week – Он планирует навестить своего друга на следующей неделе.
Примечание: Если действие не было запланировано, а вы только что решили совершить какое-то действие, для его выражения используется Future Simple. Сравните:
- Peter has broken his leg, he is in hospital now — I know, I’m visiting him tomorrow afternoon. — Питер сломал ногу и сейчас в больнице. — Да, я знаю. Я навещу его завтра после обеда (действие запланировано)
- Peter has broken his leg, he is in hospital now — Oh, really? I’ll visit him tomorrow then. — Питер сломал ногу и сейчас в больнице. — О, в самом деле? Тогда я навещу его завтра (не было запланировано, я решил только что)
The Simple Present Tense
Для выражения будущего времени также иногда используется время The Simple Present Tense, но, только если речь идет не о людях, а о расписании поездов, самолетов, о списках, программах и т.п. Например, My plane leaves at 9 a.m. – мой самолет взлетит в 9 утра.
- The shop closes at 22:00 – Магазин закроется в 22:00
- The film begins at 9 p.m. – Фильм начнется в 9 вечера
- Present Simple можно использовать, когда мы говорим о людях, в том случае, если их планы подчиняются расписанию:
• Carol starts her new job next week. – Кэрол начинает работать на новом месте на следующей неделе
• What time does your first lecture finish tomorrow? – В котором часу у тебя завтра закончится первая лекция?
Но для личных планов, как уже было сказано выше, более употребимо время Present Continuous. - Также Present Simple употребляется вместо будущего времени в придаточных предложениях времени и условия (после союзов if, when, as soon as, unless, before):
• When father comes home I will ask him to help me with my Math homework – Когда папа придет домой, я попрошу его помочь мне с домашним заданием по математике.
• If she agrees, we will go to Spain for holiday. — Если она согласится, мы поедем в отпуск в Испанию.
Подробнее смотрите в нашем видеоуроке:
Видеоурок по английскому языку: Придаточные предложения времени и условия
to be going to do smth.
Будущее действие также выражается при помощи конструкции to be + going to do smth, которая на русский язык переводится как «собираться что-то сделать», например, предложение «Я собираюсь поговорить с ним» выражает будущее предполагаемое действие – I am going to speak to him.
- He is going to work. Don’t bother him. — Он собирается работать. не беспокойте его.
- Is she going to discuss this matter with her daughter? – Она собирается обсуждать этот вопрос со своей дочерью?
- Конструкция to be going to также употребляется для выражения того, что может случиться в будущем.
• There is a big hole in the bottom of the boat. It’s going to sink. – В днище лодки большая дыра. Лодка утонет!
• Look at these heavy clouds. It’s going to rain. – Посмотри на эти тучи. Пойдет дождь.
Кто бы меня ни разбудил, он за это заплатит!
Видеоурок по английскому языку: Конструкция to be going to do something
Разница между “I am doing” “I am going to do”
Как уже было сказано выше, Present Continuous выражает то, что было заранее запланировано.
I am going to do something – означает, что я решил что-то сделать, но, возможно, еще не запланировал. Например,
- Your jeans look rather worn. – Yes, I know. I am going to buy a new pair. – Твои джинсы выглядят довольно поношенными . – Да я знаю. Я собираюсь купить новые (то есть, я решил купить новые джинсы, но пока не запланировал поход в магазин).
Но часто разница между “I am doing” и “I am going to do”очень незначительна, поэтому не будет ошибкой употребление любой из этих форм. I’m going to the cinema tonight практически равно I’m going to go to the cinema tonight.
Видеоурок по английскому языку: Present forms for the future
Надеемся, что данная статья поможет немного разобраться в нюансах английской грамматики. А чтобы это проверить, предлагаем пройти небольшой тест.
Future with present form – to be going to, present continuous and present indefinite
1. The train … at 11:00
a. will arrive
b. is arriving
c. arrive
d. arrives
2. I … to call you tomorrow
a. am gone
b. am going
c. is going
d. will
3. John … to London next week
a. come
b. comes
c. is coming
d. was coming
4. When … the plane …?
a. do .. flying
b. is … flying
c. does … flies
d. does … fly
5. Mary … to pass the exam
a. was
b. is going
c. go
d. will
6. According to schedule the bus … in an hour
a. will come
b. comes
c. come
d. came
7. … to buy some fruit?
a. is you going
b. you going
c. are you going
d. will you
8. How many tickets … to buy?
a. are he going
b. he going
c. is he going
d. he is going
Present tenses for the future (I’m doing / I do)
We can use a Present Tense (continuous / simple) with a future meaning.
Present Continuous… with a future meaning:
I’m doing something on Sunday. (I’ve already decided it!).
I’m going to do something…
What are you going to do on Monday? I’m going to the museum.
What are you going to do on Wednesday? I’m going to the cinema.
I’m meeting Peter at the airport on Thursday. He’s arriving at 10.00 pm!
I’m not working on Friday. With Peter, we’re going to the museum.
On Saturday, I’m not going to run with Matthew and Laura. They’re going to Paris.
You’ve arranged something to do?
Use the present continuous (not the future tense « will »)
What are you going to do next summer? I’m going to New York City (not I will go to NYC)
Just before starting an action, use the present continuous:
I’m going to the bed.
Peter, where are you? I’m coming…
Bye, I’m leaving …
=> Before a movement action, with go, leave, come, we use the present continuous.
For personnal arrangement:
I’m meeting Peter at 6.00 on Sunday, after we’re going to the theater.
Present Simple … with a future meaning:
If you talk about programmes, timetables (for cinema, theater, public hours…)
My plane leaves at 11.30 am.
What time does the film start at the cinema? The film starts at 10.15 pm.
About things fixed like a timetable:
On Friday, I finish work at 6.00 pm
On Wednesday, I go to the library at 10.00 am
REMEMBER:
Present Continuous with a future meaning:
because you’ve arranged it: I’m doing something on Sunday. (I’ve already decided it!).
before movement action with verbs go, come, leave: I’m going home.
before a personnal arrangement with someone: I’m meeting him at 8 o’clock!
Present Simple with a future meaning:
about a programme/timetable: My plane leaves at 11.30 am.
about habits: On Sunday, I go to the church at 9 o’clock.
And differences:
I’m arriving at 8.00 pm at the airport. But: The plane arrives at 8.00 pm
I’m going to the cinema at 10 o’clock. But: The film starts at 10 o’clock.
FUTURE:
- 018: Present Tenses for the Future (I’m doing / I do)
- 018: Present Tenses for the Future with GOING TO DO: I’m going to do something
- 019: Future in english: introduction
- 019: Future in english with WILL
- 019: Future with Shall
- 019: Future in english with I’m going to
- 019: Future: I will or I’m going to … ?
- 019: Future with a Present Tense
- 019: Future: Will used in a Present situation
Похожая работа: будущее время в английском языке
В английском языке существует несколько способов выразить действие в БУДУЩЕМ времени:
- The present simple,
- the present continuous,
- will/shall,
- the future continuous
- and going to
- и другие .
Вариантов много. Пусть это вас не пугает. Прочитайте первые 5 (остальные способы- для продвинутых).Сейчас главное разобраться, действие запланировано заранее или это сиюминутное решение. Читайте внимательно примеры – они обязательно помогут .
1 Present simple
Мы используем present simple:
♦ для расписаний (самолетов, автобусов и проч.):
My plane leaves Edinburgh on Tuesday at 11.05.
My plane arrives at Amsterdam airport at 13.40.
♦ для программ (конференций, футбольных матчей, курсов и т.д.):
The conference starts on Wednesday at 9.30.
2 Present continuous
Мы используем present continuous:
♦ для запланированных событий:
People are travelling from all over the world.
What are you doing tomorrow evening? I’m flying to a conference in Amsterdam. (= запланировано)
I’m having my eyes tested on Saturday afternoon. (= у меня назначено)
3 Will-future
+ will + verb They’ll arrive soon.
— will not + verb They won’t arrive today.
? will… + verb? Will they arrive soon?
В формальном английском shall используется с I/we вместо will.
Обычно мы используем will:
♦ для сиюминутных решений в данный момент. Например, когда нас спрашивают о чем-то дома, в магазине, на улице, по телефону:
I’ll have breakfast in my room.
I’ll ring them now.
♦ с выражениями probably, maybe, perhaps, I think, I expect, I believe, I’m afraid , I’m sure и I hope:
I probably won’t be back in time.
I think I’ll get a meal in town.
а также для угроз, обещаний (promise, swear, guarantee), предупреждений, запросов.
I don’t understand this exercise. Will you help me with it? — Of course, I will explain it to you.
♦ для событий/действий/ситуаций, которые определенно произойдут в будущем, и мы не можем их контролировать:
I’ll be 23 on my next birthday. (= я не могу это изменить)
There’ll be a full moon tomorrow.
The temperature will reach 40’C tomorrow.
In 100 years the world will be a very different place. (= никто наверняка не знает, каким будет мир через 100 лет)
Сравните:
I’m taking my History exam again tomorrow. (у меня это четко запланировано)
I’ll get higher marks this time. (моя надежда получить высший балл – мечта)
4 Future continuous
+ will be + verb + -ing She’ll be working at 7.30.
— will not be + verb + -ing She won’t be working at 7.30.
? will… be + verb + -ing? Will she be working at 7.30?
Мы используем future continuous для событий, которые длятся определенное время в будущем:
I’ll be working at seven o’clock. (= Я начну ДО 7 и продолжу работать ПОСЛЕ)
By the time you read this letter I’ll be sailing towards Australia.
This time next week we will be cruising round the islands.
Сравните:
I’ll be interviewing him at 6.30. (= интервью начнется ДО 6.30 и продлится ПОСЛЕ)
I’m interviewing him at 6.30. (= у меня запланировано интервью ровно в 6.30)
А также когда мы вежливо интересуемся чужими личными планами на ближайшее будущее.(Нас интересует, совпадают наши желания с чужими планами, или нет).Например, вы спрашиваете у офисного сотрудника:
Will you be using the photocopier for long? I need it to make some copies.
5 Going to
+ am/is/are going to + verb I’m going to leave.
— am /is/are not going to + verb They’re not going to leave.
? am /is/are… going to + verb? Are you going to leave?
Заметьте, что going to часто произносят как gonna.
Можно использовать going to чтобы выразить будущее — вместо present continuous или will. Going to используется в повседневной речи. В формальной и письменной речи — will и the present tenses .
Мы используем going to:
♦ для планов, намерений, амбиций на будущее.
I am going to become a famous violinist one day.(=амбиция)
Now they are going to buy a big house.(=план/намерение)
♦ для предсказания очевидных событий:
Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain soon. (= говорящий видит черные тучи и предсказывает дождь)
Зачастую можно употреблять и going to , и will без особой разницы.
Дальше – для продвинутых.
Или если выше все понятно – пожалуйста, читайте)))
6 Future perfect simple and future perfect continuous
Иногда особой разницы нет:
We’re going to eat a big hot meal as soon as we find a restaurant.
We’re going to eat a big hot metd as soon as we’ve found a restaurant.
7 Other ways of expressing the future
was to + verb
was about to + verb
was due to + verb
was on the point of + verb + -ing
They were on the point of living the house when the phone rang. So, they didn’t leave.
Hello,
Can we use will + infinitive to talk about repeated actions and present habits ?
I came across this sentence :
Sometimes I will eat things I know are unhealthy.
This is rather unusual for me, I usually use the Present Simple.
Thanks for your explanation
Original Post
> repeated actions and present habits
Yes, it is correct. See in published books:
497 on «sometimes he will go»
http://books.google.com/books?…2+&btnG=Search+Books
——
Hunter-trader-trapper — Page 42
Sports & Recreation — 1914
Sometimes he will go for nearly two months without getting ten dollars. Twice in four years, I’ve known him to get eighty dollars in one day’s run. …
——
Really!
This is the first time for me to know we can use the simple future to express habitual actions.
So, it isn’t only the simple present.
Rachel & Richard??
This is well documented in dictionaries:
——-
will
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/will
2—used to express frequent, customary, or habitual action or natural tendency or disposition <will get angry over nothing><will work one day and loaf the next>
——
Also shown in Swan.
> This is the first time for me to know we can
I think this usage of «know» is a bit obsolete. I think I hear more «learn/find» instead.
quote:
I think this usage of «know» is a bit obsolete. I think I hear more «learn/find» instead.
On the contrary, it’s very common and widely used.
About ‘will’ to express custom. Here’s more from three references:
-what generally happens
used to say what always happens in a particular situation or what is generally true:
Oil will float on water.
Accidents will happen.
-possibility
used like ‘can’ to show what is possible:
This car will hold five people comfortably.
_______
-You use will to say that an action usually happens in the particular way mentioned:The thicker the material, the less susceptible the garment will be to wet conditions…There’s no snake known that will habitually attack human beings unless threatened with its life…Art thieves will often hide an important work for years after it has been stolen.
_______
— The habitual predictive meaning often occurs in conditional sentences:
If litmus paper is dipped in acid, till will turn red.
or in timeless statements of ‘predictability’:
Oil will float on water
In addition, it occurs in descriptions of personal habits or characteristic behaviour:
He’ll talk for hours, if you let him. [said of a chatterbox]
She’ll sit on the floor quietly all day. She’ll just play with her toys, and you won’t hear a murmur from her. [of a good baby]
Every morning he would go for a long walk.ie ‘it was his custom to go…’]
_______
This last sentences should give us a clue. We already know that we can use ‘would’ to express past custom. With this in mind, we can see that ‘will’ for present, predictable custom can be used.
In all the example sentences, it is also possible to use the simple present tense.
_______
*http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/will_1
**Collins COBUILD English Dictionary. Harper Collins 1995
***A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, by Quirk et al. Longman 1985
quote:
>I think this usage of «know» is a bit obsolete. I think I hear more «learn/find» instead.
On the contrary, it’s very common and widely used.
Not in combination with «first time,» IMO.
«To know» as a gradual process of learning is rare these days, and this is what you need with «first time,» not the instantaneous «know».
Even at ordinary Google:
31,800 for «first time to learn»
http://www.google.com/search?h…Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi=
2,600 for «first time to know»
http://www.google.com/search?h…Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi=
thus one can see which is more frequent with «first time.»
quote:
Kindly, check the numbers, JerryS.
Well, they vary at ordinary Google, but that is the order of magnitude.
If yours are different, I’d like to know.
Interesting!
Now, let me ask this:
What is the difference between:
1. Oil will float on water.
2. Oil floats on water.
quote:
What is the difference between:
1. Oil will float on water.
2. Oil floats on water.
Good question!
I was about to ask it.
I knew that you guys would ask this question!
This is not the first time that I knew such a thing.
Here’s what I think: the sentences with ‘will’ are almost the same as those in the simple present tense.
With ‘will,’ however, there is the implied meaning that every time something happens, you can expect a resulting action.
For example:
When/ If the temperature goes below 0 degrees Centigrade, the tomato plants will die.
This means that you can expect the tomato plants to die when and if the temperature goes that low.
You can also say that, scientifically, when the temperature goes below a certain level, that tomato plants die.
When we say, ‘Oil will float on water,’ it means that oil does indeed float on water, and every time that you have oil on water, it will float.
_______
What I’ve written is what I sense. In the next couple of days, I’ll see if I can find some more concrete distinctions for you. I am wondering myself.
When there is a difficult question to explain on the Grammar Exchange, the moderators will look for the answers in various references.
Rachel said:
quote:
This means that you can expect the tomato plants to die when and if the temperature goes that low.
Yes, one has the confidence/certitude about it happening.
I think Swan covers that at «will.» My copy is out of reach now, so I can’t check.
quote:
When/ If the temperature goes below 0 degrees Centigrade, the tomato plants will die.
Sorry, Rachel.
But isn’t the sentence above the same as any sentence in the first conditional? I find no difference at all.
If it gets too cold, we WILL stay at home.
RM
Richard, Moderator (Guest)
Jerry’s really hit the nail on the head. Using the simple present in lieu of will shows certainty; something not open to discussion or just prediction.
Compare these:
Conversation 1:
A: Somebody once told me that if you drop a tooth into a bottle of Coke, it‘ll dissolve after a couple of days.
B: It will? Really? Wow! I guess it’s from all the sugar in the Coke. We know how sugary foods give us cavities, right?
Conversation 2:
C: Oops! Don’t add bleach to that load of colored clothes you’re going to wash.
D: Why not?
C: If you add bleach to colored clothes, the colors run. You’ll have to buy all new clothes!
In Conversation 1, Speaker A is mentioning what somebody predicted. He’s never witnessed such a thing happening, but he seems to believe what that person predicted would happen to that tooth in the bottle of Coke. That’s why he uses the modal will, to show the element of prediction and nothing further than that.
In Conversation 2, Speaker C is not predicting anything; he’s stating a fact probably based on personal observation. That’s why he chooses to use the simple present to communicate a universal fact, a truth.
Richard’s explanation and Jerry’s explanation are fine, I believe.
I’m reiterating these descriptions from Quirk*, at uses of ‘will’:
My example sentences are not the most beautiful to show the uses of ‘will’ for predictable habitual behavior or for conjecture or probability because they do, as you state, conform to the pattern of the first conditional. Quirk’s two sentences above illustrate this usage without a dependent clause.
However, even though Richard’s sentences and mine have dependent clauses beginning with ‘if’ and with ‘when,’ their uses of will can also illustrate the ‘typical behaviour pattern.’
From Swan**:
We can use will to talk about typical behaviour.
She’ll sit talking to herself for hours.
When you look at clouds, they will often remind you of animals.
If something breaks down and you kick it, it will often start working again.
Sulphuric acid will dissolve most metals.
_______
So I think we have concluded that ‘will’ can be used in the main clause or in the only clause to indicate 1) predictable behavior, or 2) conjecture in which we have confidence, or probability.
Sometimes these sentences are the same sentences that we categorize as the first conditional.
_______
*A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, by Quirk et al. Longman 1085
**Practical English Usage, Third Edition, by Michael Swan. Oxford University Press 2005
Thank you so much, moderators.
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