Преобразование строки в число vba excel

Функции преобразования типов данных в VBA Excel. Наименования функций, синтаксис, типы возвращаемых данных, диапазоны допустимых значений выражения-аргумента.

Синтаксис функций преобразования

Выражение (аргумент) – это любое строковое или числовое выражение, возвращающее значение, входящее в диапазон допустимых значений для аргумента. Выражение может быть представлено переменной или другой функцией.

Если аргумент, переданный в функцию, не входит в диапазон типа, в который преобразуются данные, происходит ошибка.

Функции преобразования типов

Наименования функций преобразования типов, типы возвращаемых данных, диапазоны допустимых значений для аргумента:

Функция	Тип данных	Диапазон значений аргумента
CBool	Boolean	Любое допустимое строковое или числовое выражение.
CByte	Byte	От 0 до 255.
CCur	Currency	От -922 337 203 685 477,5808 до 922 337 203 685 477,5807.
CDate	Date	Любое допустимое выражение даты.
CDbl	Double	От -1,79769313486231E308 до -4,94065645841247E-324 для отрицательных значений; от 4,94065645841247E-324 до 1,79769313486232E308 для положительных значений.
CDec	Decimal	79 228 162 514 264 337 593 543 950 335 для чисел без десятичных знаков. Для чисел с 28 десятичными знаками диапазон составляет 7,9228162514264337593543950335. Наименьшим возможным числом, отличным от нуля, является число 0,0000000000000000000000000001.
CInt	Integer	От -32 768 до 32 767, дробная часть округляется.
CLng	Long	От -2 147 483 648 до 2 147 483 647, дробная часть округляется.
CSng	Single	От -3,402823E38 до -1,401298E-45 для отрицательных значений; от 1,401298E-45 до 3,402823E38 для положительных значений.
CStr	String	Результат, возвращаемый функцией CStr, зависит от аргумента Выражение.
CVar	Variant	Диапазон совпадает с типом Double  для числовых значений и с типом  String  для нечисловых значений.

Дополнительно для VBA7:

Функция	Тип данных	Диапазон значений аргумента
CLngLng	LongLong	От -9 223 372 036 854 775 808 до 9 223 372 036 854 775 807, дробная часть округляется. Действительно только для 64-разрядных платформ.
CLngPtr	LongPtr	От -2 147 483 648 до 2 147 483 647 для 32-разрядных платформ, от -9 223 372 036 854 775 808 до 9 223 372 036 854 775 807 для 64-разрядных платформ, дробная часть округляется в обоих типах систем.

Примеры преобразования типов

Функция CBool

Функция CBool используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Boolean.

Dim a a = CBool(10) ‘Результат: True a = CBool(0) ‘Результат: False a = CBool(«True») ‘Результат: True a = CBool(«Test») ‘Результат: Error Dim a, b, c a = «Test1» b = «Test2» c = CBool(a = b) ‘Результат: False c = CBool(a <> b) ‘Результат: True

Функция CByte

Функция CByte используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Byte.

Dim a, b, c a = 654 b = 3.36 c = a / b ‘Результат: 194,642857142857 c = CByte(c) ‘Результат: 195 c = a * b ‘Результат: 2197,44 c = CByte(c) ‘Результат: Error

Функция CCur

Функция CCur используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Currency.

Dim a, b, c a = 254.6598254 b = 569.2156843 c = a + b ‘Результат: 823,8755097 c = CCur(a + b) ‘Результат: 823,8755

Функция CDate

Функция CDate используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Date. Она распознает форматы даты в соответствии с национальной настройкой системы.

Dim a As String, b As Date, c As Double a = «28.01.2021» b = CDate(a) ‘Результат: #28.01.2021# c = CDbl(b) ‘Результат: 44224 Dim a a = CDate(44298.63895) ‘Результат: #12.04.2021 15:20:05# a = CDate(44298) ‘Результат: #12.04.2021# a = CDate(0.63895) ‘Результат: #15:20:05#

Функция CDbl

Функция CDbl используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Double.

Dim a As String, b As String, c As Double a = «45,3695423» b = «548955,756» c = CDbl(a) + CDbl(b) ‘Результат: 549001,1255423

Примечание
Eсли основной язык системы – русский, при записи в редакторе VBA Excel дробного числа в виде текста, ставим в качестве разделителя десятичных разрядов – запятую. Проверьте разделитель по умолчанию для своей национальной системы:
MsgBox Application.DecimalSeparator

Функция CDec

Функция CDec используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Decimal.

Dim a As String, b As Double, c a = «5,9228162514264337593543950335» b = 5.92281625142643 c = CDec(a) — CDec(b) ‘Результат: 0,0000000000000037593543950335 Dim a As Double, b As String, c a = 4.2643E—14 b = CStr(a) ‘Результат: «4,2643E-14» c = CDec(a) ‘Результат: 0,000000000000042643

Функция CInt

Функция CInt используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Integer.

Dim a As String, b As Integer a = «2355,9228» b = CInt(a) ‘Результат: 2356

Функция CLng

Функция CLng используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Long.

Dim a As Date, b As Long a = CDate(44298.63895) ‘Результат: #12.04.2021 15:20:05# b = CLng(a) ‘Результат: 44299 a = CDate(b) ‘Результат: #13.04.2021#

Функция CSng

Функция CSng используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Single.

Dim a As String, b As Single a = «3,2365625106» b = CSng(a) ‘Результат: 3,236562

Функция CStr

Функция CStr используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных String.

Dim a As Single, b As String a = 5106.23 b = CStr(a) ‘Результат: «5106,23»

Функция CVar

Функция CVar используется для преобразования выражений в тип данных Variant.

Dim a As Double, b As String, c a = 549258.232546 b = «Новое сообщение» c = CVar(a) ‘Результат: 549258,232546 (Variant/Double) c = CVar(b) ‘Результат: «Новое сообщение» (Variant/String)

Функции преобразования типов данных используются в тексте процедур VBA Excel для того, чтобы указать, что результатом выполнения той или иной операции должны стать данные определенного типа, отличающегося от типа, заданного по умолчанию.

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Numeric values are defined by data types like integer or byte. These data types are used for optimizing the processing and memory allocation in Excel. In this guide, we’re going to show you how to convert string into number in Excel VBA.

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Data types in VBA

Like in some other programming languages, VBA uses data types to identify what variables it can store and how they are stored. Most of the data types in VBA define numeric values. Here is a brief list of numeric data types:

Data type	Storage	Range
Byte	1 byte	0 to 255
Integer	2 bytes	-32,768 to 32,767
Long	4 bytes	-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
Single	4 bytes	-3.402823E38 to -1.401298E-45 for negative values; 1.401298E-45 to 3.402823E38 for positive values
Double	8 bytes	-1.79769313486231E308 to-4.94065645841247E-324 for negative values; 4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308 for positive values
LongLong	8 bytes	-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 Valid on 64-bit platforms only.
Currency	8 bytes	-922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807
Decimal	14 bytes	+/-79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,335 with no decimal point; +/-7.9228162514264337593543950335 with 28 places to the right of the decimal

Since there are many numeric data types, there are many functions to convert a string into number in Excel VBA.

Functions to a convert string into number in Excel VBA

All conversion functions use the same syntax: Each requires a single string argument to convert into a number. For example:

Each function returns an error If the string argument either is not a numeric or is outside the range of the data type being converted.

Function	Return type	Example
CByte	Byte	CByte(«65.75») returns 66
CCur	Currency	CCur(«$256,000.50») returns 256000.5
CDbl	Double	CDbl(128.239856 * 4.8 * 0.04) returns 24.622052352
CDec	Decimal	CDec(«15000000.5678») returns 15000000.5678
CInt	Integer	CInt(«1234.56») returns 1235
CLng	Long	CLng(«1,500,000.88») returns 15000001
CLngLng	LongLong	CLngLng(«1,250,500,000.88») returns 1250500001
CSng	Single	CSng(«5.67854») returns 5.67854

Bonus: Use IsNumeric function to verify value

To avoid type mismatch errors, you can use the IsNumeric function to check if the expression is numeric or not. The function returns Boolean value based on the expression. TRUE if the expression is numeric, FALSE otherwise.

Here is a sample function that can check the data first, and convert the it into an integer if it is numeric. If the argument is not a valid number, the function returns 0.

Function ConvertInt(arg As String) As Integer
 If IsNumeric(arg) Then ConvertInt = CInt(arg)
End Function

This article will discuss how we can convert a string to a number in VBA Excel. There is a step-by-step guide and many examples for our understanding.

Convert String to Number in VBA

In VBA code, converting numbers saved as text to real numbers is obligatory. We have many conversion options.

We can convert strings to numbers of the Byte, Integer, Long, Single, Double, Currency, and Decimal data types. We will discuss each conversion in detail with examples.

Convert String to Byte in VBA

We can easily transform a string into a number of the byte data type with the help of the following code.

# vba
byte = CByte(str)

We can use the CByte() function to achieve this conversion. The above statement has two items: CByte() and string.

CByte() function forces the string to change into a byte type. CByte() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation to byte data type.

In simple terms, CByte() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location. The range that a byte data type can hold is 0 to 225. If your string does not fall in between this range, an error will occur.

Here is a macro example in which we have convertStr as an argument to convert a string to a byte.

# vba
Function convertStr(newStr As Variant)

    MsgBox (CByte(newStr))

End Function

Sub newFunc()
convertStr ("12")
End Sub

Output:

Convert String to Integer in VBA

With the help of the following statement, you can easily convert a string to a number of the integer data type. The syntax of this function is shown below.

# vba
CInt(newStr)

It is recommended to use the Clnt() function to change a string to an integer data type. This function forces the string to change into the integer data type.

If a string holds a fraction, this function will convert it into an integer. If the fraction is precisely 0.4, this function will change it to the closest even number.

For example:

# vba
0.4 will become 0.
1.6 and 2.4 both will become 2.
3.7 and 4.3 will become 4

Clnt() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation into the integer data type. In simple terms, Clnt() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon our computer’s location.

The range between which an integer data type can hold numbers is -32,768 to 32,767. If your string does not fall in between this range, an error will occur.

Let’s go through an example and use the CInt() function as shown below. This example sets newStr as an argument to change a string into an integer, as shown below.

# vba
Function convertToInteger(newStr As Variant)

    MsgBox (CInt(newStr))

End Function

Sub newFunc()
convertToInteger ("12.5")
End Sub

Output:

Convert String to Long in VBA

We can use the CLng() function to achieve this conversion. The syntax of this function is shown below.

# vba
CLng(Str)

We can use the CLng() function when our goal is to change a string into several long data types. The items in this statement are CLng() and string.

This function forces a string to change into the long data type.

If a string holds a fraction, this function will round it. If the fraction is precisely 0.4, this function will change it to the closest even number, as shown below.

# vba
0.4 will become 0.
1.6 and 2.4 both will become 2.
3.7 and 4.3 will become 4

CLng() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation to long data types. In simple terms, CLng() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location.

The range between which an integer data type can hold numbers is -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. If your string does not fall in between this range, an error will occur.

Let’s go through an example and use the CLng() function. In this example, we have set newStr as an argument to change a string into long, as shown below.

# vba
Function convertToLong(newStr As Variant)

    MsgBox (CLng(newStr))

End Function

Sub newFunc()
convertToLong ("15.7")
End Sub

Output:

Long data type differs from integer data type by only one thing. Larger numbers are acceptable in long data types.

But there wasn’t enough memory in the old days, and it was not recommended to use long data types.

In modern times, memory is no longer a problem. We can use the long data type instead of an integer.

Convert String to Single in VBA

We can easily transform a string into a number of a single data type with the help of the following syntax, as shown below.

# vba
CSng(str)

We can use the CSng() function to achieve this conversion. There are two items in the above statement, CSng() and string.

This function forces a string to change into a single data type.

CSng() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation to a single data type. CSng() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location.

The range between which a single data type can hold floating-point numbers is

• 3.402823E38 to -1.401298E-45 when values are negative
• 1.401298E-45 to 3.402823E38 when values are positive

An error will appear if your string does not fall between this range. As shown below, let’s go through an example in which we set newStr as an argument to change a string into a single.

# vba
Function convertToSingle(newStr As Variant)

    MsgBox (CSng(newStr))

End Function

Sub newFunc()
convertToSingle ("1.3")
End Sub

Output:

Convert String to Double in VBA

With the help of the following statement, we can easily convert a string to several double data types. The syntax of this function is as shown below.

# vba
CDbl(str)

It is recommended to use the CDbl() function to change a string to a double data type. This function forces a string to change into the double data type.

CDbl() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation to a double data type.

In simple words, CDbl() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location.

The range between which a double data type can hold floating-point numbers is below.

• -1.79769313486231E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 when values are negative.
• 4.94065645841247E-324 to 1.79769313486232E308 when values are positive.

An error will appear if our string does not fall between this range. As shown below, let’s go through an example in which we set newStr as an argument to change a string into a double.

# vba
Function convertToDouble(newStr As Variant)

    MsgBox (CDbl(newStr))

End Function

Sub newFunc()
convertToDouble ("1.345")
End Sub

Output:

Convert String to Currency in VBA

With the help of the following statement, you can easily convert a string to several currency data types. The syntax of the function is shown below.

# vba
CCur(newStr)

It is recommended to use the CCur() function to change a string to a currency data type. This function forces a string to change into the currency data type.

CCur() is often used to perform the internationally-aware string transformation to a currency data type.

It means CCur() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location. The currency data type can hold integers by 10,000.

As a result, a currency can hold 15 numbers to the left of the decimal point and four numbers to the right of the decimal point. So the range between which a currency can hold numbers is:
-922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807.

An error will appear if your string does not fall between this range.

As shown below, let’s go through an example in which we set newStr as an argument to change a string into a currency.

# vba
Function convertToCurrency(newStr As Variant)

    msgBox(CCur(newStr))

End Function

Convert String to Decimal in VBA

We can use the following statement to achieve this conversion.

# vba
CDec(newStr)

We can use the CDec() function when our goal is to change a string into several decimal data types. This function forces a string to change into the decimal data subtype of the Variant data type.

In simple words, CDec() will return a variant changed to the Decimal subtype.

CDec() is often used to perform the internationally-aware transformation of a string to a decimal data type. It means CDec() commonly distinguishes distinctive decimal/thousand separators and many currency options that hinge upon your computer’s location.

The decimal data type can carry integers having variable power of 10. The power denotes the number of digits that can be present to the right of the decimal point.

The range in which decimals can hold values is shown below.

• When the scale is 0, that is no decimal present the range is from 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,335 to 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,335.
• When there are 28 decimal places, the biggest and smallest values are +7.9228162514264337593543950335 and -7.9228162514264337593543950335.
• The smallest values containing no zero values are -0.0000000000000000000000000001 and 0.0000000000000000000000000001.

As shown below, let’s go through an example in which we set newStr as an argument to change a string into a decimal.

# vba
Function convertToDecimal(newStr As Variant)

    msgBox(CDec(newStr))

End Function