Pandas create excel file

Python Pandas is a Python data analysis
library. It can read, filter and re-arrange small and large data sets and
output them in a range of formats including Excel.

Pandas writes Excel xlsx files using either openpyxl or XlsxWriter.

import pandas as pd

# Create a Pandas dataframe from the data.
df = pd.DataFrame({'Data': [10, 20, 30, 20, 15, 30, 45]})

# Create a Pandas Excel writer using XlsxWriter as the engine.
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_simple.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')

# Convert the dataframe to an XlsxWriter Excel object.
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')

# Close the Pandas Excel writer and output the Excel file.
writer.close()

import pandas as pd

# Create a Pandas dataframe from the data.
df = pd.DataFrame({'Data': [10, 20, 30, 20, 15, 30, 45]})

# Create a Pandas Excel writer using XlsxWriter as the engine.
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_simple.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')

# Convert the dataframe to an XlsxWriter Excel object.
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')

# Get the xlsxwriter objects from the dataframe writer object.
workbook  = writer.book
worksheet = writer.sheets['Sheet1']

workbook  = xlsxwriter.Workbook('filename.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()

# Get the xlsxwriter objects from the dataframe writer object.
workbook  = writer.book
worksheet = writer.sheets['Sheet1']

# Create a chart object.
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})

# Get the dimensions of the dataframe.
(max_row, max_col) = df.shape

# Configure the series of the chart from the dataframe data.
chart.add_series({'values': ['Sheet1', 1, 1, max_row, 1]})

# Insert the chart into the worksheet.
worksheet.insert_chart(1, 3, chart)

writer = pd.ExcelWriter("pandas_datetime.xlsx",
                        engine='xlsxwriter',
                        datetime_format='mmm d yyyy hh:mm:ss',
                        date_format='mmmm dd yyyy')

# Add some cell formats.
format1 = workbook.add_format({'num_format': '#,##0.00'})
format2 = workbook.add_format({'num_format': '0%'})

# Set the column width and format.
worksheet.set_column(1, 1, 18, format1)

# Set the format but not the column width.
worksheet.set_column(2, 2, None, format2)

df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1',
            startrow=1, header=False, index=False)

column_settings = [{'header': column} for column in df.columns]

(max_row, max_col) = df.shape

worksheet.add_table(0, 0, max_row, max_col - 1, {'columns': column_settings})

df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)

worksheet.autofilter(0, 0, max_row, max_col - 1)

worksheet.filter_column(0, 'Region == East')

for row_num in (df.index[(df['Region'] != 'East')].tolist()):
    worksheet.set_row(row_num + 1, options={'hidden': True})

# Write each dataframe to a different worksheet.
df1.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
df2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2')
df3.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet3')

# Position the dataframes in the worksheet.
df1.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')  # Default position, cell A1.
df2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', startcol=3)
df3.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', startrow=6)

# Write the dataframe without the header and index.
df4.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1',
             startrow=7, startcol=4, header=False, index=False)

writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_example.xlsx',
                        engine='xlsxwriter',
                        engine_kwargs={'options': {'strings_to_numbers': True}})

writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_example.xlsx',
                        engine='xlsxwriter',
                        options={'strings_to_numbers': True})

import pandas as pd
import io

# Create a Pandas dataframe from the data.
df = pd.DataFrame({'Data': [10, 20, 30, 20, 15, 30, 45]})

output = io.BytesIO()

# Use the BytesIO object as the filehandle.
writer = pd.ExcelWriter(output, engine='xlsxwriter')

# Write the data frame to the BytesIO object.
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')

writer.close()
xlsx_data = output.getvalue()

# Do something with the data...

In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to save your Pandas DataFrame or DataFrames to Excel files. Being able to save data to this ubiquitous data format is an important skill in many organizations. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to save a simple DataFrame to Excel, but also how to customize your options to create the report you want!

By the end of this tutorial, you’ll have learned:

• How to save a Pandas DataFrame to Excel
• How to customize the sheet name of your DataFrame in Excel
• How to customize the index and column names when writing to Excel
• How to write multiple DataFrames to Excel in Pandas
• Whether to merge cells or freeze panes when writing to Excel in Pandas
• How to format missing values and infinity values when writing Pandas to Excel

Let’s get started!

The Quick Answer: Use Pandas to_excel

To write a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel file, you can apply the .to_excel() method to the DataFrame, as shown below:

# Saving a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel File
# Without a Sheet Name
df.to_excel(file_name)

# With a Sheet Name
df.to_excel(file_name, sheet_name='My Sheet')

# Without an Index
df.to_excel(file_name, index=False)

Understanding the Pandas to_excel Function

Before diving into any specifics, let’s take a look at the different parameters that the method offers. The method provides a ton of different options, allowing you to customize the output of your DataFrame in many different ways. Let’s take a look:

# The many parameters of the .to_excel() function
df.to_excel(excel_writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', na_rep='', float_format=None, columns=None, header=True, index=True, index_label=None, startrow=0, startcol=0, engine=None, merge_cells=True, encoding=None, inf_rep='inf', verbose=True, freeze_panes=None, storage_options=None)

Let’s break down what each of these parameters does:

How to Save a Pandas DataFrame to Excel

The easiest way to save a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel file is by passing a path to the .to_excel() method. This will save the DataFrame to an Excel file at that path, overwriting an Excel file if it exists already.

Let’s take a look at how this works:

# Saving a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel File
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx')

Running the code as shown above will save the file with all other default parameters. This returns the following image:

You can specify a sheetname by using the sheet_name= parameter. By default, Pandas will use 'sheet1'.

# Specifying a Sheet Name When Saving to Excel
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', sheet_name='Your Sheet')

This returns the following workbook:

In the following section, you’ll learn how to customize whether to include an index column or not.

How to Include an Index when Saving a Pandas DataFrame to Excel

By default, Pandas will include the index when saving a Pandas Dataframe to an Excel file. This can be helpful when the index is a meaningful index (such as a date and time). However, in many cases, the index will simply represent the values from 0 through to the end of the records.

If you don’t want to include the index in your Excel file, you can use the index= parameter, as shown below:

# How to exclude the index when saving a DataFrame to Excel
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', index=False)

This returns the following Excel file:

In the following section, you’ll learn how to rename an index when saving a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel file.

How to Rename an Index when Saving a Pandas DataFrame to Excel

By default, Pandas will not named the index of your DataFrame. This, however, can be confusing and can lead to poorer results when trying to manipulate the data in Excel, either by filtering or by pivoting the data. Because of this, it can be helpful to provide a name or names for your indices.

Pandas makes this easy by using the index_label= parameter. This parameter accepts either a single string (for a single index) or a list of strings (for a multi-index). Check out below how you can use this parameter:

# Providing a name for your Pandas index
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', index_label='Your Index')

This returns the following sheet:

How to Save Multiple DataFrames to Different Sheets in Excel

One of the tasks you may encounter quite frequently is the need to save multi Pandas DataFrames to the same Excel file, but in different sheets. This is where Pandas makes it a less intuitive. If you were to simply write the following code, the second command would overwrite the first command:

# The wrong way to save multiple DataFrames to the same workbook
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')
df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet2')

Instead, we need to use a Pandas Excel Writer to manage opening and saving our workbook. This can be done easily by using a context manager, as shown below:

# The Correct Way to Save Multiple DataFrames to the Same Workbook
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

with pd.ExcelWriter('filename.xlsx') as writer:
    df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
    df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2')

This will create multiple sheets in the same workbook. The sheets will be created in the same order as you specify them in the command above.

This returns the following workbook:

How to Save Only Some Columns when Exporting Pandas DataFrames to Excel

When saving a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel file, you may not always want to save every single column. In many cases, the Excel file will be used for reporting and it may be redundant to save every column. Because of this, you can use the columns= parameter to accomplish this.

Let’s see how we can save only a number of columns from our dataset:

# Saving Only a Subset of Columns to Excel
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', columns=['A', 'B'])

This returns the following Excel file:

How to Rename Columns when Exporting Pandas DataFrames to Excel

Continuing our discussion about how to handle Pandas DataFrame columns when exporting to Excel, we can also rename our columns in the saved Excel file. The benefit of this is that we can work with aliases in Pandas, which may be easier to write, but then output presentation-ready column names when saving to Excel.

We can accomplish this using the header= parameter. The parameter accepts either a boolean value of a list of values. If a boolean value is passed, you can decide whether to include or a header or not. When a list of strings is provided, then you can modify the column names in the resulting Excel file, as shown below:

# Modifying Column Names when Exporting a Pandas DataFrame to Excel
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', header=['New_A', 'New_B', 'New_C'])

This returns the following Excel sheet:

How to Specify Starting Positions when Exporting a Pandas DataFrame to Excel

One of the interesting features that Pandas provides is the ability to modify the starting position of where your DataFrame will be saved on the Excel sheet. This can be helpful if you know you’ll be including different rows above your data or a logo of your company.

Let’s see how we can use the startrow= and startcol= parameters to modify this:

# Changing the Start Row and Column When Saving a DataFrame to an Excel File
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', startcol=3, startrow=2)

This returns the following worksheet:

How to Represent Missing and Infinity Values When Saving Pandas DataFrame to Excel

In this section, you’ll learn how to represent missing data and infinity values when saving a Pandas DataFrame to Excel. Because Excel doesn’t have a way to represent infinity, Pandas will default to the string 'inf' to represent any values of infinity.

In order to modify these behaviors, we can use the na_rep= and inf_rep= parameters to modify the missing and infinity values respectively. Let’s see how we can do this by adding some of these values to our DataFrame:

# Customizing Output of Missing and Infinity Values When Saving to Excel
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, np.NaN, 3], 'B': [4, 5, np.inf], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', na_rep='NA', inf_rep='INFINITY')

This returns the following worksheet:

How to Merge Cells when Writing Multi-Index DataFrames to Excel

In this section, you’ll learn how to modify the behavior of multi-index DataFrames when saved to Excel. By default Pandas will set the merge_cells= parameter to True, meaning that the cells will be merged. Let’s see what happens when we set this behavior to False, indicating that the cells should not be merged:

# Modifying Merge Cell Behavior for Multi-Index DataFrames
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from random import choice

df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict({
    'A': np.random.randint(0, 10, size=50),
    'B': [choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) for i in range(50)],
    'C': np.random.randint(0, 3, size=50)})

pivot = df.pivot_table(index=['B', 'C'], values='A')

pivot.to_excel('filename.xlsx', merge_cells=False)

This returns the Excel worksheet below:

How to Freeze Panes when Saving a Pandas DataFrame to Excel

In this final section, you’ll learn how to freeze panes in your resulting Excel worksheet. This allows you to specify the row and column at which you want Excel to freeze the panes. This can be done using the freeze_panes= parameter. The parameter accepts a tuple of integers (of length 2). The tuple represents the bottommost row and the rightmost column that is to be frozen.

Let’s see how we can use the freeze_panes= parameter to freeze our panes in Excel:

# Freezing Panes in an Excel Workbook Using Pandas
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
    {'A': [1, np.NaN, 3], 'B': [4, 5, np.inf], 'C': [7, 8, 9]}
)

df.to_excel('filename.xlsx', freeze_panes=(3,4))

This returns the following workbook:

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned how to save a Pandas DataFrame to an Excel file using the to_excel method. You first explored all of the different parameters that the function had to offer at a high level. Following that, you learned how to use these parameters to gain control over how the resulting Excel file should be saved. For example, you learned how to specify sheet names, index names, and whether to include the index or not. Then you learned how to include only some columns in the resulting file and how to rename the columns of your DataFrame. You also learned how to modify the starting position of the data and how to freeze panes.

Additional Resources

To learn more about related topics, check out the tutorials below:

• How to Use Pandas to Read Excel Files in Python
• Pandas Dataframe to CSV File – Export Using .to_csv()
• Introduction to Pandas for Data Science
• Official Documentation: Pandas to_excel

Python Pandas — это библиотека для анализа данных. Она может читать, фильтровать и переупорядочивать небольшие и большие наборы данных и выводить их в различных форматах, включая Excel. ExcelWriter() определен в библиотеке Pandas.

Метод Pandas.ExcelWriter() — это класс для записи объектов DataFrame в файлы Excel в Python. ExcelWriter() можно использовать для записи текста, чисел, строк, формул. Он также может работать на нескольких листах.Для данного примера необходимо, чтоб вы установили на свой компьютер библиотеки Numpy и Pandas.

Синтаксис

Параметры

Все параметры установлены на значения по умолчанию.

Функция Pandas.ExcelWriter() имеет пять параметров.

1. path: имеет строковый тип, указывающий путь к файлу xls или xlsx.
2. engine: он также имеет строковый тип и является необязательным. Это движок для написания.
3. date_format: также имеет строковый тип и имеет значение по умолчанию None. Он форматирует строку для дат, записанных в файлы Excel.
4. datetime_format: также имеет строковый тип и имеет значение по умолчанию None. Он форматирует строку для объектов даты и времени, записанных в файлы Excel.
5. Mode: это режим файла для записи или добавления. Его значение по умолчанию — запись, то есть ‘w’.

Возвращаемое значение

Он экспортирует данные в файл Excel.

Пример программы с Pandas ExcelWriter()

Вам необходимо установить и импортировать модуль xlsxwriter. Если вы используете блокнот Jupyter, он вам не понадобится; в противном случае вы должны установить его.

Напишем программу, показывающую работу ExcelWriter() в Python.

Выход:

Содержимое файла Excel следующее.

В приведенном выше коде мы создали DataFrame, в котором хранятся данные студентов. Затем мы создали объект для записи данных DataFrame на лист Excel, и после записи данных мы сохранили лист. Некоторые значения в приведенном выше листе Excel пусты, потому что в DataFrame эти значения — np.nan. Чтобы проверить данные DataFrame, проверьте лист Excel.

Что такое функция Pandas DataFrame to_excel()?

Функция Pandas DataFrame to_excel() записывает объект на лист Excel. Мы использовали функцию to_excel() в приведенном выше примере, потому что метод ExcelWriter() возвращает объект записи, а затем мы используем метод DataFrame.to_excel() для его экспорта в файл Excel.

Чтобы записать один объект в файл Excel .xlsx, необходимо только указать имя целевого файла. Для записи на несколько листов необходимо создать объект ExcelWriter с именем целевого файла и указать лист в файле для записи.

На несколько листов можно записать, указав уникальное имя листа. При записи всех данных в файл необходимо сохранить изменения. Обратите внимание, что создание объекта ExcelWriter с уже существующим именем файла приведет к удалению содержимого существующего файла.

Мы также можем написать приведенный выше пример, используя Python с оператором.

Выход:

Вы можете проверить файл WriteWith.xlsx и просмотреть его содержимое. Это будет то же самое, что и файл Write.xlsx.

Запись нескольких DataFrames на несколько листов

В приведенном выше примере мы видели только один лист для одного фрейма данных. Мы можем написать несколько фреймов с несколькими листами, используя Pandas.ExcelWriter.

Давайте напишем пример, в котором мы создадим три DataFrames и сохраним эти DataFrames в файле multiplesheet.xlsx с тремя разными листами.

Выход:

Вы можете видеть, что есть три листа, и каждый лист имеет разные столбцы имени.

Функция to_excel() принимает имя листа в качестве параметра, и здесь мы можем передать три разных имени листа, и этот DataFrame сохраняется на соответствующих листах.

Заключение

Если вы хотите экспортировать Pandas DataFrame в файлы Excel, вам нужен только класс ExcelWriter(). Класс ExcelWrite() предоставляет объект записи, а затем мы можем использовать функцию to_excel() для экспорта DataFrame в файл Excel.

Introduction

Just like with all other types of files, you can use the Pandas library to read and write Excel files using Python as well. In this short tutorial, we are going to discuss how to read and write Excel files via DataFrames.

In addition to simple reading and writing, we will also learn how to write multiple DataFrames into an Excel file, how to read specific rows and columns from a spreadsheet, and how to name single and multiple sheets within a file before doing anything.

If you’d like to learn more about other file types, we’ve got you covered:

• Reading and Writing JSON Files in Python with Pandas
• Reading and Writing CSV Files in Python with Pandas

Reading and Writing Excel Files in Python with Pandas

Naturally, to use Pandas, we first have to install it. The easiest method to install it is via pip.

If you’re running Windows:

$ python pip install pandas

If you’re using Linux or MacOS:

$ pip install pandas

Note that you may get a ModuleNotFoundError or ImportError error when running the code in this article. For example:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'openpyxl'

If this is the case, then you’ll need to install the missing module(s):

$ pip install openpyxl xlsxwriter xlrd

Writing Excel Files Using Pandas

We’ll be storing the information we’d like to write to an Excel file in a DataFrame. Using the built-in to_excel() function, we can extract this information into an Excel file.

First, let’s import the Pandas module:

import pandas as pd

Now, let’s use a dictionary to populate a DataFrame:

df = pd.DataFrame({'States':['California', 'Florida', 'Montana', 'Colorodo', 'Washington', 'Virginia'],
    'Capitals':['Sacramento', 'Tallahassee', 'Helena', 'Denver', 'Olympia', 'Richmond'],
    'Population':['508529', '193551', '32315', '619968', '52555', '227032']})

The keys in our dictionary will serve as column names. Similarly, the values become the rows containing the information.

Now, we can use the to_excel() function to write the contents to a file. The only argument is the file path:

df.to_excel('./states.xlsx')

Here’s the Excel file that was created:

Please note that we are not using any parameters in our example. Therefore, the sheet within the file retains its default name — «Sheet 1». As you can see, our Excel file has an additional column containing numbers. These numbers are the indices for each row, coming straight from the Pandas DataFrame.

We can change the name of our sheet by adding the sheet_name parameter to our to_excel() call:

df.to_excel('./states.xlsx', sheet_name='States')

Similarly, adding the index parameter and setting it to False will remove the index column from the output:

df.to_excel('./states.xlsx', sheet_name='States', index=False)

Now, the Excel file looks like this:

Writing Multiple DataFrames to an Excel File

It is also possible to write multiple dataframes to an Excel file. If you’d like to, you can set a different sheet for each dataframe as well:

income1 = pd.DataFrame({'Names': ['Stephen', 'Camilla', 'Tom'],
                   'Salary':[100000, 70000, 60000]})

income2 = pd.DataFrame({'Names': ['Pete', 'April', 'Marty'],
                   'Salary':[120000, 110000, 50000]})

income3 = pd.DataFrame({'Names': ['Victor', 'Victoria', 'Jennifer'],
                   'Salary':[75000, 90000, 40000]})

income_sheets = {'Group1': income1, 'Group2': income2, 'Group3': income3}
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('./income.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')

for sheet_name in income_sheets.keys():
    income_sheets[sheet_name].to_excel(writer, sheet_name=sheet_name, index=False)

writer.save()

Here, we’ve created 3 different dataframes containing various names of employees and their salaries as data. Each of these dataframes is populated by its respective dictionary.

We’ve combined these three within the income_sheets variable, where each key is the sheet name, and each value is the DataFrame object.

Finally, we’ve used the xlsxwriter engine to create a writer object. This object is passed to the to_excel() function call.

Before we even write anything, we loop through the keys of income and for each key, write the content to the respective sheet name.

Here is the generated file:

You can see that the Excel file has three different sheets named Group1, Group2, and Group3. Each of these sheets contains names of employees and their salaries with respect to the date in the three different dataframes in our code.

The engine parameter in the to_excel() function is used to specify which underlying module is used by the Pandas library to create the Excel file. In our case, the xlsxwriter module is used as the engine for the ExcelWriter class. Different engines can be specified depending on their respective features.

Depending upon the Python modules installed on your system, the other options for the engine attribute are: openpyxl (for xlsx and xlsm), and xlwt (for xls).

Further details of using the xlsxwriter module with Pandas library are available at the official documentation.

Last but not least, in the code above we have to explicitly save the file using writer.save(), otherwise it won’t be persisted on the disk.

Reading Excel Files with Pandas

In contrast to writing DataFrame objects to an Excel file, we can do the opposite by reading Excel files into DataFrames. Packing the contents of an Excel file into a DataFrame is as easy as calling the read_excel() function:

students_grades = pd.read_excel('./grades.xlsx')
students_grades.head()

For this example, we’re reading this Excel file.

Here, the only required argument is the path to the Excel file. The contents are read and packed into a DataFrame, which we can then preview via the head() function.

Note: Using this method, although the simplest one, will only read the first sheet.

Let’s take a look at the output of the head() function:

Pandas assigns a row label or numeric index to the DataFrame by default when we use the read_excel() function.

We can override the default index by passing one of the columns in the Excel file as the index_col parameter:

students_grades = pd.read_excel('./grades.xlsx', sheet_name='Grades', index_col='Grade')
students_grades.head()

Running this code will result in:

In the example above, we have replaced the default index with the «Grade» column from the Excel file. However, you should only override the default index if you have a column with values that could serve as a better index.

Reading Specific Columns from an Excel File

Reading a file in its entirety is useful, though in many cases, you’d really want to access a certain element. For example, you might want to read the element’s value and assign it to a field of an object.

Again, this is done using the read_excel() function, though, we’ll be passing the usecols parameter. For example, we can limit the function to only read certain columns. Let’s add the parameter so that we read the columns that correspond to the «Student Name», «Grade» and «Marks Obtained» values.

We do this by specifying the numeric index of each column:

cols = [0, 1, 3]

students_grades = pd.read_excel('./grades.xlsx', usecols=cols)
students_grades.head()

Running this code will yield:

As you can see, we are only retrieving the columns specified in the cols list.

Conclusion

We’ve covered some general usage of the read_excel() and to_excel() functions of the Pandas library. With them, we’ve read existing Excel files and written our own data to them.

Using various parameters, we can alter the behavior of these functions, allowing us to build customized files, rather than just dumping everything from a DataFrame.