English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French structure, from Latin structūra (“a fitting together, adjustment, building, erection, a building, edifice, structure”), from struere, past participle structus (“pile up, arrange, assemble, build”). Compare construct, instruct, destroy, etc.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈstɹʌk(t)ʃə(ɹ)/, [ˈstɹɐk(t)ʃə(ɹ)]
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): [ˈstʃɹɐktʃə]
Noun[edit]
structure (countable and uncountable, plural structures)
- A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts.
- Synonym: formation
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1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess[1]:
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The original family who had begun to build a palace to rival Nonesuch had died out before they had put up little more than the gateway, so that the actual structure which had come down to posterity retained the secret magic of a promise rather than the overpowering splendour of a great architectural achievement.
-
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The birds had built an amazing structure out of sticks and various discarded items.
- The underlying shape of a solid.
- Synonym: formation
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He studied the structure of her face.
- The overall form or organization of something.
- Synonyms: makeup, configuration; see also Thesaurus:composition
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2012 March 1, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, in American Scientist[2], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 19 February 2013, page 106:
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Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.
-
-
The structure of a sentence.
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The structure of the society was still a mystery.
- A set of rules defining behaviour.
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For some, the structure of school life was oppressive.
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- (computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.
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This structure contains both date and timezone information.
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- (fishing, uncountable) Underwater terrain or objects (such as a dead tree or a submerged car) that tend to attract fish
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There’s lots of structure to be fished along the west shore of the lake; the impoundment submerged a town there when it was built.
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- A body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook.
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The South African leader went off to consult with the structures.
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- (logic) A set along with a collection of finitary functions and relations.
Derived terms[edit]
- antistructure
Translations[edit]
cohesive whole built up of distinct parts
- Albanian: strukturë (sq) f
- Arabic: هَيْكَل m (haykal)
- Armenian: կառույց (hy) (kaṙuycʿ)
- Asturian: estructura f
- Azerbaijani: struktur, quruluş
- Belarusian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Bengali: গঠন (bn) (goṭhon)
- Bulgarian: структу́ра (bg) f (struktúra)
- Burmese: ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံ (my) (hpwai.cany:pum)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 結構/结构 (zh) (jiégòu)
- Czech: struktura (cs)
- Danish: struktur (da) c
- Dutch: structuur (nl) f
- Esperanto: strukturo
- Estonian: struktuur (et)
- Finnish: rakennelma (fi)
- Galician: estrutura (gl) f
- Georgian: სტრუქტურა (sṭrukṭura)
- German: Struktur (de) f
- Greek: δομή (el) f (domí)
- Hebrew: מִבְנֶה (he) m (mivné)
- Hindi: संरचना f (sãracnā)
- Hungarian: szerkezet (hu)
- Icelandic: bygging (is)
- Ingrian: struktura
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it) f
- Japanese: 構造 (ja) (こうぞう, kōzō), 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Kazakh: құрылым (qūrylym)
- Khmer: គ្រោង (km) (kroong)
- Korean: 구조(構造) (ko) (gujo), 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: pêkhate (ku) f
- Kyrgyz: структура (ky) (struktura)
- Lao: ໂຄງສ້າງ (lo) (khōng sāng)
- Latvian: struktūra (lv) f
- Lithuanian: struktūra f
- Macedonian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Maori: rangaranga
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic:!бүтэц (mn) (bütec)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: struktur (no) m
- Oromo: caasaa
- Persian: سازه (fa) (sâze), ساخت (fa) (sâxt)
- Polish: struktura (pl) f
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Romanian: structură (ro) f
- Russian: структу́ра (ru) f (struktúra)
- Scottish Gaelic: togail f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: структу́ра f
- Roman: struktúra (sh) f
- Shan: ယူင်ႉသၢင်ႈ (yṵ̂ung sāang)
- Slovak: štruktúra f
- Slovene: struktura f
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Swedish: struktur (sv) c
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Tajik: сохт (tg) (soxt), структура (struktura), сохтор (soxtor)
- Thai: โครงสร้าง (th) (kroong-sâang)
- Turkish: yapı (tr)
- Turkmen: gurluş
- Ukrainian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Urdu: ساخت (sāxt)
- Uyghur: قۇرۇلما (qurulma)
- Uzbek: tuzilma (uz), struktura (uz), qurilish (uz), tuzilish (uz)
- Vietnamese: kết cấu (vi)
- Yiddish: סטרוקטור (struktur)
underlying shape of a solid
- Armenian: կառուցվածք (hy) (kaṙucʿvackʿ)
- Asturian: estructura f
- Bulgarian: структура (bg) f (struktura), строеж (bg) f (stroež)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Dutch: structuur (nl) f
- Finnish: rakenne (fi)
- French: structure (fr) f
- Galician: estrutura (gl) f
- Haitian Creole: strikti
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it) f
- Japanese: 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Korean: 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: pêkhate (ku) f
- Latin: compāgēs f
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Maori: hanganga, whaihanganga
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Romanian: structură (ro) f
- Scottish Gaelic: dèanamh m
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Vietnamese: cấu trúc (vi)
overall form or organization of something
- Armenian: կառուցվածք (hy) (kaṙucʿvackʿ)
- Bulgarian: организираност f (organiziranost)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Danish: struktur (da) c
- Finnish: rakenne (fi)
- French: structure (fr) f
- German: Struktur (de) f
- Haitian Creole: strikti
- Hebrew: מבנה (he) m, תצורה (he) f
- Hungarian: felépítés (hu), szerkezet (hu)
- Indonesian: struktur (id)
- Interlingua: structura
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it)
- Japanese: 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Korean: 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Malayalam: രൂപം (ml) n (rūpaṃ)
- Maori: rangaranga, hanganga
- Persian: ساختار (fa) (sâxtâr)
- Polish: struktura (pl) f
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Russian: структу́ра (ru) f (struktúra)
- Sanskrit: रूपम् (sa) n (rūpam)
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Swedish: struktur (sv) c
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Turkish: yapı (tr)
fishing: underwater terrain or objects
body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook
Translations to be checked
- Arabic: (please verify) و مبنى/شكل (mabna / shakel)
- Greek: (please verify) δομή (el) f (domí)
- Italian: (please verify) struttura (it) f
- Telugu: (please verify) నిర్మాణము (te) (nirmāṇamu) (nirmaaNamu) (1,3), (please verify) ఆకారము (te) (ākāramu) (aakaaramu) (2)
- Ukrainian: (please verify) будова (budowa) f (budova (budowa)) (1,2,3,4)
Verb[edit]
structure (third-person singular simple present structures, present participle structuring, simple past and past participle structured)
- (transitive) To give structure to; to arrange.
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I’m trying to structure my time better so I’m not always late.
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I’ve structured the deal to limit the amount of money we can lose.
-
Translations[edit]
(transitive) to give structure to; to arrange
- Belarusian: структурава́ць impf (strukturavácʹ)
- Bulgarian: структурирам (strukturiram)
- Catalan: estructurar (ca)
- Danish: strukturere
- Dutch: structureren (nl)
- German: strukturieren (de)
- Portuguese: estruturar (pt)
- Russian: структури́ровать (ru) impf or pf (strukturírovatʹ)
- Spanish: estructurar (es)
- Swedish: strukturera (sv)
- Turkish: yapılandırmak (tr)
- Ukrainian: структурува́ти impf or pf (strukturuváty)
- Welsh: strwythuro (cy)
[edit]
- infrastructure
- macrostructure
- microstructure
- restructure
- structural
- structuralism
- structuralist
- structured
- substructure
- superstructure
- unstructured
Further reading[edit]
- structure on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin structura.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /stʁyk.tyʁ/
- Rhymes: -yʁ
- Homophone: structures
Noun[edit]
structure f (plural structures)
- structure
- Synonyms: agencement, disposition, ordre, organisation
- Antonyms: anarchie, chaos
- Le plain-chant est la paraphrase aérienne et mouvante de l’immobile structure des cathédrales. (Huysmans, En route, 1895)
Derived terms[edit]
- infrastructure
- structural
- structuralisme
- structuraliste
- structurant
- structuration
- structurer
- déstructurer
- restructurer
- structuration
- structure de données
- structurel
- structurellement
- substructure
- superstructure
References[edit]
- “structure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Further reading[edit]
- “structure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin[edit]
Participle[edit]
strūctūre
- vocative masculine singular of strūctūrus
- Top Definitions
- Synonyms
- Quiz
- Related Content
- Examples
- British
This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.
[ struhk-cher ]
/ ˈstrʌk tʃər /
This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.
noun
mode of building, construction, or organization; arrangement of parts, elements, or constituents: a pyramidal structure.
something built or constructed, as a building, bridge, or dam.
a complex system considered from the point of view of the whole rather than of any single part: the structure of modern science.
anything composed of parts arranged together in some way; an organization.
the relationship or organization of the component parts of a work of art or literature: the structure of a poem.
Biology. mode of organization; construction and arrangement of tissues, parts, or organs.
Geology.
- the attitude of a bed or stratum or of beds or strata of sedimentary rocks, as indicated by the dip and strike.
- the coarser composition of a rock, as contrasted with its texture.
Chemistry. the manner in which atoms in a molecule are joined to each other, especially in organic chemistry where molecular arrangement is represented by a diagram or model.
the pattern of organization of a language as a whole or of arrangements of linguistic units, as phonemes, morphemes or tagmemes, within larger units.
verb (used with object), struc·tured, struc·tur·ing.
to give a structure, organization, or arrangement to; construct or build a systematic framework for: to structure a curriculum so well that a novice teacher can use it.
QUIZ
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Origin of structure
First recorded in 1400–50; late Middle English, from Latin structūra, equivalent to struct(us) (past participle of struere “to put together”) + -ūra noun suffix; see -ure
synonym study for structure
OTHER WORDS FROM structure
de·struc·ture, verb (used with object), de·struc·tured, de·struc·tur·ing.in·ter·struc·ture, nounnon·struc·ture, nounpre·struc·ture, verb (used with object), pre·struc·tured, pre·struc·tur·ing.
Words nearby structure
structural linguistics, structural psychology, structural racism, structural steel, structural unemployment, structure, structured, structured programming, structureless, strudel, struggle
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Words related to structure
architecture, arrangement, complex, construction, design, format, formation, framework, network, organization, system, edifice, house, anatomy, build, carcass, configuration, conformation, fabric, fabrication
How to use structure in a sentence
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Saltwater needs to be even colder than freshwater to freeze — cold enough that the salt gets pushed out of the water’s crystal structure.
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That fixed structure and ratio gives the chemical a specific set of properties.
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Drone imagery also picked up signs of two pits, one dug at or near each end of the semicircular structure.
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Palantir has an unusual power structure, which has raised eyebrows from investors.
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Essentially, you’ve got a part of grammar and you can reuse it in building a larger structure.
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In front of this strange structure are two blank-faced, well-dressed models showing off the latest in European minimalism.
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One blames black Americans as a race; the other, racism as a social structure.
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This is not because of bad leaders, or polarized politics, but because of a governing structure that is fatally flawed.
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And the chord structure, for those of you who play an instrument, is unexpected and worth checking out.
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According to a military spokesperson, Boko Haram had built a “female wing” in its command structure.
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But dwelling means a special kind of structure—a building occupied by man—a place to live in.
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The building, a mosque-like structure of considerable size, was situated in the midst of a grove of mango trees.
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I had no sooner stepped upon the frail structure when it suddenly and unaccountably gave way in the middle.
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In ordinary work, however, it is safer to base the distinction upon size than upon structure.
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They combine the fixing with the staining process, and stain differentially every normal and abnormal structure in the blood.
British Dictionary definitions for structure
noun
a complex construction or entity
the arrangement and interrelationship of parts in a construction, such as a building
the manner of construction or organizationthe structure of society
biology morphology; form
chem the arrangement of atoms in a molecule of a chemical compoundthe structure of benzene
geology the way in which a mineral, rock, rock mass or stratum, etc, is made up of its component parts
rare the act of constructing
verb
(tr) to impart a structure to
Word Origin for structure
C15: from Latin structūra, from struere to build
Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
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educalingo
There are people who look at the rules and find ways to structure around them. The more complex the rules, the more opportunities.
Andrew Fastow
ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD STRUCTURE
From Latin structūra, from struere to build.
Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
PRONUNCIATION OF STRUCTURE
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF STRUCTURE
Structure is a verb and can also act as a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.
The verb is the part of the sentence that is conjugated and expresses action and state of being.
See the conjugation of the verb structure in English.
WHAT DOES STRUCTURE MEAN IN ENGLISH?
Structure
Structure is a fundamental, tangible or intangible notion referring to the recognition, observation, nature, and permanence of patterns and relationships of entities. This notion may itself be an object, such as a built structure, or an attribute, such as the structure of society. From a child’s verbal description of a snowflake, to the detailed scientific analysis of the properties of magnetic fields, the concept of structure is now often an essential foundation of nearly every mode of inquiry and discovery in science, philosophy, and art. In early 20th-century and earlier thought, form often plays a role comparable to that of structure in contemporary thought. The neo-Kantianism of Ernst Cassirer is sometimes regarded as a precursor of the later shift to structuralism and poststructuralism. The description of structure implicitly offers an account of what a system is made of: a configuration of items, a collection of inter-related components or services. A structure may be a hierarchy, a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
Definition of structure in the English dictionary
The first definition of structure in the dictionary is a complex construction or entity. Other definition of structure is the arrangement and interrelationship of parts in a construction, such as a building. Structure is also the manner of construction or organization.
CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO STRUCTURE
PRESENT
Present
I structure
you structure
he/she/it structures
we structure
you structure
they structure
Present continuous
I am structuring
you are structuring
he/she/it is structuring
we are structuring
you are structuring
they are structuring
Present perfect
I have structured
you have structured
he/she/it has structured
we have structured
you have structured
they have structured
Present perfect continuous
I have been structuring
you have been structuring
he/she/it has been structuring
we have been structuring
you have been structuring
they have been structuring
Present tense is used to refer to circumstances that exist at the present time or over a period that includes the present time. The present perfect refers to past events, although it can be considered to denote primarily the resulting present situation rather than the events themselves.
PAST
Past
I structured
you structured
he/she/it structured
we structured
you structured
they structured
Past continuous
I was structuring
you were structuring
he/she/it was structuring
we were structuring
you were structuring
they were structuring
Past perfect
I had structured
you had structured
he/she/it had structured
we had structured
you had structured
they had structured
Past perfect continuous
I had been structuring
you had been structuring
he/she/it had been structuring
we had been structuring
you had been structuring
they had been structuring
Past tense forms express circumstances existing at some time in the past,
FUTURE
Future
I will structure
you will structure
he/she/it will structure
we will structure
you will structure
they will structure
Future continuous
I will be structuring
you will be structuring
he/she/it will be structuring
we will be structuring
you will be structuring
they will be structuring
Future perfect
I will have structured
you will have structured
he/she/it will have structured
we will have structured
you will have structured
they will have structured
Future perfect continuous
I will have been structuring
you will have been structuring
he/she/it will have been structuring
we will have been structuring
you will have been structuring
they will have been structuring
The future is used to express circumstances that will occur at a later time.
CONDITIONAL
Conditional
I would structure
you would structure
he/she/it would structure
we would structure
you would structure
they would structure
Conditional continuous
I would be structuring
you would be structuring
he/she/it would be structuring
we would be structuring
you would be structuring
they would be structuring
Conditional perfect
I would have structure
you would have structure
he/she/it would have structure
we would have structure
you would have structure
they would have structure
Conditional perfect continuous
I would have been structuring
you would have been structuring
he/she/it would have been structuring
we would have been structuring
you would have been structuring
they would have been structuring
Conditional or «future-in-the-past» tense refers to hypothetical or possible actions.
IMPERATIVE
Imperative
you structure
we let´s structure
you structure
The imperative is used to form commands or requests.
NONFINITE VERB FORMS
Past participle
structured
Present Participle
structuring
Infinitive shows the action beyond temporal perspective. The present participle or gerund shows the action during the session. The past participle shows the action after completion.
WORDS THAT RHYME WITH STRUCTURE
Synonyms and antonyms of structure in the English dictionary of synonyms
SYNONYMS OF «STRUCTURE»
The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «structure» and belong to the same grammatical category.
Translation of «structure» into 25 languages
TRANSLATION OF STRUCTURE
Find out the translation of structure to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of structure from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «structure» in English.
Translator English — Chinese
结构
1,325 millions of speakers
Translator English — Spanish
estructura
570 millions of speakers
Translator English — Hindi
संरचना
380 millions of speakers
Translator English — Arabic
هَيْكِل
280 millions of speakers
Translator English — Russian
структура
278 millions of speakers
Translator English — Portuguese
estrutura
270 millions of speakers
Translator English — Bengali
গঠন
260 millions of speakers
Translator English — French
structure
220 millions of speakers
Translator English — Malay
Struktur
190 millions of speakers
Translator English — German
Struktur
180 millions of speakers
Translator English — Japanese
構造
130 millions of speakers
Translator English — Korean
구조
85 millions of speakers
Translator English — Javanese
Struktur
85 millions of speakers
Translator English — Vietnamese
cơ cấu
80 millions of speakers
Translator English — Tamil
அமைப்பு
75 millions of speakers
Translator English — Marathi
रचना
75 millions of speakers
Translator English — Turkish
yapı
70 millions of speakers
Translator English — Italian
struttura
65 millions of speakers
Translator English — Polish
struktura
50 millions of speakers
Translator English — Ukrainian
структура
40 millions of speakers
Translator English — Romanian
structură
30 millions of speakers
Translator English — Greek
δομή
15 millions of speakers
Translator English — Afrikaans
struktuur
14 millions of speakers
Translator English — Swedish
struktur
10 millions of speakers
Translator English — Norwegian
struktur
5 millions of speakers
Trends of use of structure
TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «STRUCTURE»
The term «structure» is very widely used and occupies the 2.497 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
FREQUENCY
Very widely used
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «structure» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of structure
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «structure».
FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «STRUCTURE» OVER TIME
The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «structure» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «structure» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.
Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about structure
10 QUOTES WITH «STRUCTURE»
Famous quotes and sentences with the word structure.
After the comedy boom of the ’80s, there was a certain formula that comedians had to do and could do in order to be successful touring comedians, and those were mainly observational comedians who had a very strict structure of what made an act, and I think it was very performance oriented.
I hope it’s always going to be a mix between theatre, film and radio. I’ve been very lucky living in London that you can do all that — in New York and L.A., there’s more of a structure for film in L.A. and theatre in New York. In London, our industry is smaller, but it produces brilliant work all in one place.
Al-Qa’ida does not follow a traditional command structure, wear uniforms, carry its arms openly, or mass its troops at the borders of the nations it attacks. Nonetheless, it possesses the demonstrated capability to strike with little notice and cause significant civilian or military casualties.
Classifying the stars has helped materially in all studies of the structure of the universe.
The present structure of rewards in high schools produces a response on the part of an adolescent social system which effectively impedes the process of education.
There is a cost that comes with moving schools so often and it’s not what I want for my son when he gets older, but it did make me very adaptable. I became aware of what was missing from the social structure of each class that I arrived in, and made sure to fill that gap.
The business of Hollywood, if you don’t have other things going on, it will eat you up and spit you out… If you take what those people and that social structure think of you — if you let it govern your life — you might as well just kill yourself.
There are people who look at the rules and find ways to structure around them. The more complex the rules, the more opportunities.
One of the main reasons I wanted to work on ‘World War Z’ was because I’m a huge fan of the book, and I love the idea of taking a non-linear story and creating a three-act structure out of it.
It is not systematic education which somehow molds society, but, on the contrary, society which, according to its particular structure, shapes education in relation to the ends and interests of those who control the power in that society.
10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «STRUCTURE»
Discover the use of structure in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to structure and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the …
Investigates the changing strategy and structure of the large industrial enterprise in the United States
Alfred Dupont Chandler, 2003
2
Write Great Fiction — Plot & Structure
Award-winning author James Scott Bell offers clear, concise information that will help you create a believable and memorable plot, including: Techniques for crafting strong beginnings, middles, and ends Easy-to-understand plotting diagrams …
3
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary …
Newly designed, with an expanded index, this edition will be eagerly welcomed by the next generation of readers seeking to understand the history of our perspectives on science.
4
The Economic Structure of Intellectual Property Law
This book takes a fresh look at the most dynamic area of American law today, comprising the fields of copyright, patent, trademark, trade secrecy, publicity rights, and misappropriation.
William M. LANDES, Richard A. Posner, William M Landes, 2009
Noam Chomsky’s first book on syntactic structures is one of the first serious attempts on the part of a linguist to construct within the tradition of scientific theory-construction a comprehensive theory of language which may be understood …
6
The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time
This 1973 book discusses Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity and its predictions concerning black holes and singularities in space-time itself.
7
The Economic Structure of Corporate Law
This text argues that the rules and practices of corporate law mimic contractual provisions that parties involved in corporate enterprise would reach if they always bargained at zero cost and flawlessly enforced their agreements.
Frank H. Easterbrook, 1996
8
Fabric Structure and Design
The Text Book On Fabric Structure And Design Will Be Very Useful For Students Of Various Courses Of Study Related To Textiles Such As B.Tech In Textile Technology, Diploma In Textile Technology, Pg Diploma In Fashion Technology, B.Sc And M …
9
Market Structure and Innovation
A survey of the market economy’s performance in allocating resources to technical advance.
Morton I. Kamien, Nancy L. Schwartz, 1982
10
Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and …
This major contribution to the study of discourse pragmatics investigates the ‘information structure’ of sentences.
10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «STRUCTURE»
Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term structure is used in the context of the following news items.
Structural secret of T. rex’s bone-crushing teeth
Scientists have discovered the unique internal structure of the serrated teeth belonging to carnivorous dinosaurs like T. rex and Allosaurus. This structure … «BBC News, Jul 15»
Standard Chartered Shakes Up Management Structure
As part of the reorganization, the bank will also structure its business around four geographic areas: greater China and North Asia, southern Asia, Africa and the … «New York Times, Jul 15»
Instagram Releases Layout for Android, Intros Structure Tool for …
In addition to the release of Layout, Instagram also announced Structure, a tool for Android users to highlight textures and details within a photo. Structure should … «Droid Life, May 15»
SunEdison Mulls MLP Structure through TerraForm Platform
SunEdison expects to conclude the strategic review of its corporate structure by 2015-end. However, the company has neither set a timeline nor provided further … «Zacks.com, May 15»
Scientists Have Discovered the Biggest Known ‘Structure‘ In the …
Scientists researching a mysteriously cold region in space have found what they say is the largest known “structure” in the universe — a gigantic hole. «TIME, Apr 15»
Child reportedly contained in cage-like structure at ACT primary school
It is understood the structure within the classroom was built specifically for the student, believed to be a 10-year-old boy with autism, on March 10. It was … «The Canberra Times, Apr 15»
Graphene sandwich makes new form of ice
In ‘square ice’, which has been seen between graphene sheets, water molecules lock flat in a right-angled formation. The structure is strikingly different from … «Nature.com, Mar 15»
McDonald’s Plans to Change US Structure
“The reality is that our current U.S. structure is not optimized for the customer,” … The new zone structure replaces one consisting of three divisions—West, East … «Wall Street Journal, Oct 14»
Newcrest Mining to review remuneration structure
Newcrest Mining chairman Peter Hay says he will consider changes to the gold miner’s remuneration structure after receiving a first strike at its annual general … «Sydney Morning Herald, Oct 14»
Can media multitasking change your brain structure?
Although altered brain structure was linked to concurrent media usage, scientists said further research is needed to learn whether the lower gray matter density … «Fox News, Sep 14»
REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Structure [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/structure>. Apr 2023 ».
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Discover all that is hidden in the words on
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized.[1] Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
The structure of a DNA molecule is essential to its function.
Load-bearingEdit
A traditional Sami food storage structure
Gothic quadripartite cross-ribbed vaults of the Saint-Séverin church in Paris
Buildings, aircraft, skeletons, anthills, beaver dams, bridges and salt domes are all examples of load-bearing structures. The results of construction are divided into buildings and non-building structures, and make up the infrastructure of a human society. Built structures are broadly divided by their varying design approaches and standards, into categories including building structures, architectural structures, civil engineering structures and mechanical structures.
The effects of loads on physical structures are determined through structural analysis, which is one of the tasks of structural engineering. The structural elements can be classified as one-dimensional (ropes, struts, beams, arches), two-dimensional (membranes, plates, slab, shells, vaults), or three-dimensional (solid masses).[2]: 2 Three-dimensional elements were the main option available to early structures such as Chichen Itza. A one-dimensional element has one dimension much larger than the other two, so the other dimensions can be neglected in calculations; however, the ratio of the smaller dimensions and the composition can determine the flexural and compressive stiffness of the element. Two-dimensional elements with a thin third dimension have little of either but can resist biaxial traction.[2]: 2–3
The structure elements are combined in structural systems. The majority of everyday load-bearing structures are section-active structures like frames, which are primarily composed of one-dimensional (bending) structures. Other types are Vector-active structures such as trusses, surface-active structures such as shells and folded plates, form-active structures such as cable or membrane structures, and hybrid structures.[3]: 134–136
Load-bearing biological structures such as bones, teeth, shells, and tendons derive their strength from a multilevel hierarchy of structures employing biominerals and proteins, at the bottom of which are collagen fibrils.[4]
BiologicalEdit
In biology, one of the properties of life is its highly ordered structure,[5] which can be observed at multiple levels such as in cells, tissues, organs, and organisms.
In another context, structure can also observed in macromolecules, particularly proteins and nucleic acids.[6] The function of these molecules is determined by their shape as well as their composition, and their structure has multiple levels. Protein structure has a four-level hierarchy. The primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that make it up. It has a peptide backbone made up of a repeated sequence of a nitrogen and two carbon atoms. The secondary structure consists of repeated patterns determined by hydrogen bonding. The two basic types are the α-helix and the β-pleated sheet. The tertiary structure is a back and forth bending of the polypeptide chain, and the quaternary structure is the way that tertiary units come together and interact.[7] Structural biology is concerned with biomolecular structure of macromolecules.[6]
ChemicalEdit
Chemical structure refers to both molecular geometry and electronic structure. The structure can be represented by a variety of diagrams called structural formulas. Lewis structures use a dot notation to represent the valence electrons for an atom; these are the electrons that determine the role of the atom in chemical reactions.[8]: 71–72 Bonds between atoms can be represented by lines with one line for each pair of electrons that is shared. In a simplified version of such a diagram, called a skeletal formula, only carbon-carbon bonds and functional groups are shown.[9]
Atoms in a crystal have a structure that involves repetition of a basic unit called a unit cell. The atoms can be modeled as points on a lattice, and one can explore the effect of symmetry operations that include rotations about a point, reflections about a symmetry planes, and translations (movements of all the points by the same amount). Each crystal has a finite group, called the space group, of such operations that map it onto itself; there are 230 possible space groups.[10]: 125–126 By Neumann’s law, the symmetry of a crystal determines what physical properties, including piezoelectricity and ferromagnetism, the crystal can have.[11]: 34–36, 91–92, 168–169
MathematicalEdit
MusicalEdit
A large part of numerical analysis involves identifying and interpreting the structure of musical works. Structure can be found at the level of part of a work, the entire work, or a group of works.[12] Elements of music such as pitch, duration and timbre combine into small elements like motifs and phrases, and these in turn combine in larger structures. Not all music (for example, that of John Cage) has a hierarchical organization, but hierarchy makes it easier for a listener to understand and remember the music.[13]: 80
In analogy to linguistic terminology, motifs and phrases can be combined to make complete musical ideas such as sentences and phrases.[14][15] A larger form is known as the period. One such form that was widely used between 1600 and 1900 has two phrases, an antecedent and a consequent, with a half cadence in the middle and a full cadence at the end providing punctuation.[16]: 38–39 On a larger scale are single-movement forms such as the sonata form and the contrapuntal form, and multi-movement forms such as the symphony.[13]
Edit
A social structure is a pattern of relationships. They are social organizations of individuals in various life situations. Structures are applicable to people in how a society is as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships. This is known as the social organization of the group.[17]: 3 Sociologists have studied the changing structure of these groups. Structure and agency are two confronted theories about human behaviour. The debate surrounding the influence of structure and agency on human thought is one of the central issues in sociology. In this context, agency refers to the individual human capacity to act independently and make free choices. Structure here refers to factors such as social class, religion, gender, ethnicity, customs, etc. that seem to limit or influence individual opportunities.
DataEdit
In a singly linked list, each element has a data value and a pointer to the next element.
In computer science, a data structure is a way of organizing information in a computer so that it can be used efficiently.[18] Data structures are built out of two basic types: An array has an index that can be used for immediate access to any data item (some programming languages require array size to be initialized). A linked list can be reorganized, grown or shrunk, but its elements must be accessed with a pointer that links them together in a particular order.[19]: 156 Out of these any number of other data structures can be created such as stacks, queues, trees and hash tables.[20][21]
In solving a problem, a data structure is generally an integral part of the algorithm.[22]: 5 In modern programming style, algorithms and data structures are encapsulated together in an abstract data type.[22]: ix
SoftwareEdit
Software architecture is the specific choices made between possible alternatives within a framework. For example, a framework might require a database and the architecture would specify the type and manufacturer of the database. The structure of software is the way in which it is partitioned into interrelated components. A key structural issue is minimizing dependencies between these components. This makes it possible to change one component without requiring changes in others.[23]: 3 The purpose of structure is to optimise for (brevity, readability, traceability, isolation and encapsulation, maintainability, extensibility, performance and efficiency), examples being: language choice, code, functions, libraries, builds, system evolution, or diagrams for flow logic and design.[24] Structural elements reflect the requirements of the application: for example, if the system requires a high fault tolerance, then a redundant structure is needed so that if a component fails it has backups.[25] A high redundancy is an essential part of the design of several systems in the Space Shuttle.[26]
LogicalEdit
As a branch of philosophy, logic is concerned with distinguishing good arguments from poor ones. A chief concern is with the structure of arguments.[27] An argument consists of one or more premises from which a conclusion is inferred.[28] The steps in this inference can be expressed in a formal way and their structure analyzed. Two basic types of inference are deduction and induction. In a valid deduction, the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether they are true or not. An invalid deduction contains some error in the analysis. An inductive argument claims that if the premises are true, the conclusion is likely.[28]
See alsoEdit
- Abstract structure
- Mathematical structure
- Structural geology
- Structure (mathematical logic)
- Structuralism (philosophy of science)
ReferencesEdit
- ^ «structure, n.». Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ a b Carpinteri, Alberto (2002). Structural Mechanics: A unified approach. CRC Press. ISBN 9780203474952.
- ^ Knippers, Jan; Cremers, Jan; Gabler, Markus; Lienhard, Julian (2011). Construction manual for polymers + membranes : materials, semi-finished products, form-finding design (Engl. transl. of the 1. German ed.). München: Institut für internationale Architektur-Dokumentation. ISBN 9783034614702.
- ^ Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Y.-W.; Gao, H. (1 September 2010). «On optimal hierarchy of load-bearing biological materials». Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 278 (1705): 519–525. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.1093. PMC 3025673. PMID 20810437.
- ^ a b Urry, Lisa; Cain, Michael; Wasserman, Steven; Minorsky, Peter; Reece, Jane (2017). «Evolution, the themes of biology, and scientific inquiry». Campbell Biology (11th ed.). New York: Pearson. pp. 2–26. ISBN 978-0134093413.
- ^ a b Banaszak, Leonard J. (2000). Foundations of Structural Biology. Burlington: Elsevier. ISBN 9780080521848.
- ^ Purves, William K.; Sadava, David E.; Orians, Gordon H.; H. Craig, Heller (2003). Life, the science of biology (7th ed.). Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates. pp. 41–44. ISBN 9780716798569.
- ^ DeKock, Roger L.; Gray, Harry B. (1989). Chemical structure and bonding (2nd ed.). Mill Valley, Calif.: University Science Books. ISBN 9780935702613.
- ^ Hill, Graham C.; Holman, John S. (2000). Chemistry in context (5th ed.). Walton-on-Thames: Nelson. p. 391. ISBN 9780174482765.
- ^ Ashcroft, Neil W.; Mermin, N. David (1977). Solid state physics (27. repr. ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 9780030839931.
- ^ Newnham, Robert E. (2005). Properties of materials anisotropy, symmetry, structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191523403.
- ^ Bent, Ian D.; Pople, Anthony. «Analysis». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ a b Meyer, Leonard B. (1973). Explaining music : essays and explorations. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press. ISBN 9780520022164.
- ^ «Sentence». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ «Phrase». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ Stein, Leon (1979). Anthology of Musical Forms: Structure & Style (Expanded Edition): The Study and Analysis of Musical Forms. Alfred Music. ISBN 9781457400940.
- ^ Lopez, J.; Scott, J. (2000). Social Structure. Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press. ISBN 9780335204960. OCLC 43708597.
- ^ Black, Paul E. (15 December 2004). «data structure». In Pieterse, Vreda; Black, Paul E. (eds.). Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures (Online ed.). National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ Sedgewick, Robert; Wayne, Kevin (2011). Algorithms (4th ed.). Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 9780132762564.
- ^ Cormen, Thomas H.; Leiserson, Charles E.; Rivest, Ronald L.; Stein, Clifford (2009). «Data structures». Introduction to algorithms (3rd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. pp. 229–339. ISBN 978-0262033848.
- ^ Mehta, Dinesh P. (2005). «Basic structures». In Mehta, Dinesh P.; Sahni, Sartaj (eds.). Handbook of data structures and applications. Boca Raton, Fla.: Chapman & Hall/CRC Computer and Information Science Series. ISBN 9781420035179.
- ^ a b Skiena, Steven S. (2008). «Data structures». The algorithm design manual (2nd ed.). London: Springer. pp. 366–392. ISBN 9781848000704.
- ^ Gorton, Ian (2011). Essential software architecture (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783642191763.
- ^ Diehl, Stephan (2007). Software visualization : visualizing the structure, behaviour, and evolution of software ; with 5 tables. Berlin: Springer. pp. 38–47. ISBN 978-3540465041.
- ^ Bernardi, Simona; Merseguer, José; Petriu, Dorina Corina (2013). Model-Driven Dependability Assessment of Software Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9783642395123.
- ^ «Computers in the Space Shuttle Avionics System». Computers in Spaceflight: The NASA Experience. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
- ^ «The Structure of Arguments». Philosophy 103: Introduction to Logic. philosophy.lander.edu. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- ^ a b Kemerling, Garth. «Arguments and Inference». The Philosophy Pages. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
Further readingEdit
- Carpi, A.; Brebbia, C.A. (2010). Design & nature V : comparing design in nature with science and engineering. Southampton: WIT. ISBN 9781845644543.
- Pullan, Wendy (2000). Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78258-9.
- Rottenberg, Annette T.; Winchell, Donna Haisty (2012). The structure of argument (7th ed.). Boston: Bedford/St. Martins. ISBN 9780312650698.
- Schlesinger, Izchak M.; Keren-Portnoy, Tamar; Parush, Tamar (2001). The structure of arguments. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins. ISBN 9789027223593.
External linksEdit
- Wüthrich, Christian. «Structure in philosophy, mathematics and physics (Phil 246, Spring 2010)» (PDF). University of California San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2015. (syllabus and reading list)
Noun
They studied the compound’s molecular structure.
The film had a simple narrative structure.
the structure of a plant
the social structure of a college campus
changes to the company’s power structure
The structure was damaged by fire.
Children need a lot of structure in their lives.
Verb
She structured the essay chronologically.
See More
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An official ceremony at 10 a.m. will be followed by ranger talks, tours led by docents in period costumes, kids’ activities and booths highlighting the history of the adobe structure and its surroundings.
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That legal structure is a good thing.
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That structure cleared the way for the law school to tear down the old 198 McAllister, an outdated classroom building, and replace it with the new housing complex.
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Many of his own scientific papers documented the languages of Indigenous peoples or sought to explain their cultures, cosmology, rites, social structure and religion.
—Larry Rohter, Smithsonian Magazine, 3 Apr. 2023
The loan, which can be used for a down payment and closing costs, is structured as a second mortgage, which means it isn’t repaid month by month.
—Karen Garcia, Los Angeles Times, 8 Apr. 2023
Caesars also has an exclusive offer for Massachusetts and Ohio that is structured the same, with a higher value.
—Ian Firstenberg, Chicago Tribune, 8 Apr. 2023
Incumbents at advanced stages of A.I. adoption need to shift their attention to structuring collaborations to accompany scaling of A.I.
—François Candelon, Fortune, 7 Apr. 2023
The silhouette is structured, while feeling relaxed at the same time.
—Ken Gawrych, Robb Report, 5 Apr. 2023
They are structured in a tax-efficient way.
—Scott Burns, Dallas News, 4 Apr. 2023
Days are mostly self-structured for the fellows.
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Typically, a formulary will be structured in three or four tiers, with the top one reserved for drugs that patients have to pay for out-of-pocket.
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The course is structured like a book, with each chapter offering insight into your therapy journey.
—Liz Duszynski-goodman, Peoplemag, 16 Mar. 2023
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These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘structure.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.