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Different cultures from around the world have described emotions and feelings you never thought about. In this article, you will learn some of them.

We live in an age where science is at its peak and we are making more amazing discoveries than ever before. This is especially true of neuroscience, which in recent years has advanced dramatically.

Scientists have conducted extensive research into brain imaging and can now locate with exact precision where in our brains certain emotions and feelings originate from.

One such researcher is Tiffany Watt-Smith from the Centre for the History of the Emotions and Queen Mary University in London.

“It’s this idea that what we mean by ‘emotion’ has evolved,” Smith says. “It’s now a physical thing — you can see a location of it in the brain.”

In fact, Smith has published a fascinating and eye-opening book on this topic titled ‘The Book of Human Emotions’. In this book, she gives 154 words used in different cultures from around the world that describe very specific emotions and feelings that either were impossible for you to describe before or perhaps you never even realised you had them.

According to Smith, naming a feeling makes it more manageable to deal with.

“It’s a long-held idea that if you put a name to a feeling, it can help that feeling become less overwhelming,” she said. “All sorts of stuff that’s swirling around and feeling painful can start to feel a bit more manageable.”

Here is a selection of ten of those words about emotions and feelings.

Malu

This is a word used by the Dusun Baguk people of Indonesia, and according to Smith it is described as

“the sudden experience of feeling constricted, inferior and awkward around people of higher status.”

Although we may view this as a negative feeling, it is in fact perceived by this culture as good manners and as an appropriate sign of respect.

Ilinx

A French word for “the ‘strange excitement’ of wanton destruction,” according to Smith’s description. Borrowing her phrasing from sociologist Roger Caillois, she says

“Caillois traced ilinx back to the practices of ancient mystics who by whirling and dancing hoped to induce rapturous trance states and glimpse alternative realities,” Smith writes. “Today, even succumbing to the urge to create a minor chaos by kicking over the office recycling bin should give you a mild hit.”

Pronoia

A term coined by sociologist Fred Goldner, this word means the complete opposite of paranoia – in Smith’s words, the “strange, creeping feeling that everyone’s out to help you.”

Amae

A Japanese word, in Smith’s definition, meaning “leaning on another person’s goodwill”. In other words, feeling a deep and fulfilling trust in any close relationship, comparable to a childish type of selfish love.

As the Japanese psychoanalyst, Takeo Doi puts it,

“an emotion that takes the other person’s love for granted.”

Kaukokaipuu

This is a Finnish word describing feeling homesick for a place you have never been to. It can also be described as an inherent wanderlust, a “craving for a distant land” – a feeling that will resonate with any travel lover.

Torschlusspanik

A literal translation from German meaning “gate-closing panic,” this word perfectly describes the sensation that time is running out, or that life is passing you by.

Brabant

This is a fun and playful word for teasing or annoying someone on purpose, to see how far you can go until they snap. Akin to pushing someone’s buttons, many of us with siblings will relate to this.

L’appel du vide

An interesting French word meaning “the call of the void.” Sometimes our emotions and feelings can be unpredictable and unreliable, which is a big reason why we shouldn’t let them dictate our behavior.

In the words of philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre this emotion

“creates an unnerving, shaky sensation of not being able to trust one’s own instincts.”

Depaysement

Literal French for decountrification (being without a country) and the feeling of being an outsider. The actual emotion itself is a “kind of giddiness, only ever felt when far away from home” which can sometimes make people do crazy and ‘yolo’ antics that they may not be so inclined to do back at home.

Awumbuk

A word originating from the culture of the Baining people of Papua New Guinea, Smith describes this as the unconventional emotion as the “emptiness after a visitor’s depart.” Most people usually feel relief when a visitor departs, but the Baining people are so used to it that they have come up with a way of removing this feeling.

Smith writes,

“Once their guests have left, the Baining fill a bowl with water and leave it overnight to absorb the festering air. The next day, the family rises very early and ceremonially flings the water into the trees, whereupon ordinary life resumes.”

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Contributing writer at Learning Mind

Christina Lawson has earned a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the Open University and has a passion for books, good food, and quality movies. She can often be found reading self-help articles snuggled up in bed with a cup of coffee or writing about anything and everything in a quiet cafe somewhere.

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To muse is to ponder or to think, and since the Muses are the source of inspiration for poetry, art, comedy, music, and dance in ancient Greek religion and myth, it might make sense to think of them also as the inspiration for deep thoughts. Except that they aren’t.

The muse that is the noun meaning “a source of inspiration” or, when capitalized, one of the nine Muses, indeed comes from the Greek name for them, which passed through Latin and French to English.

But the muse that is the verb meaning “to become absorbed in thought” comes from a different source: the Middle French word muse, meaning “the mouth of an animal” or “snout.” It’s assumed that the facial expression when one is thinking is what connects this word to absorption and reflection, and that the French verb had come to mean “to gape, to stare, to idle, to muse” because of the face one makes when lost in thought.

Though it may not share etymological roots with the Muses, the verb muse does have a relative in English that connects in a more literal way with their shared past: muzzle.

When we ponder, we think carefully about something. Another synonym is weigh, as in “to weigh a serious decision”—a word that connects with ponder more literally than you may think. Ponder came to English from a French word with the same meaning, ponderer, but its ultimate root is the Latin word pondus, meaning “weight.”

Weigh and weight come from Old English and ponder comes from Latin through French, a familiar situation which has left us an embarrassment of riches when it comes to English synonymy.

Other common words that derive from pondus have to do with things that are hanging, heavy, or a unit of weight itself:

pendant

ponderous

pound

Because we cannot see thoughts, the words we use to describe the process of thinking are usually figurative, like the difference in the uses of active in “running to keep active” and “an active imagination.” We often “turn over” an idea. Thoughts can nevertheless be (figuratively) agitating, which gets us to the root of cogitate. Cogitate means “to think carefully and seriously about something,” and it comes from the Latin cogitare (“to think”), itself formed from the combination of ¬co- meaning “together” and agitare meaning “to drive” or “to agitate”—the root of agitate in English and, in this case, another figurative use of language, since it could also mean “to turn over in the mind” in Latin.

Cogitate became the Latin-based verb synonym for the Old English-derived think, and cogitation the synonym for the noun thought. Here it’s used in the King James Bible:

Hitherto is the end of the matter. As for me Daniel, my cogitations much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me: but I kept the matter in my heart.

Other words derived from cogitare have fallen out of active use in English, but they show that this fancy way of saying “to think” was a rich source of vocabulary. These words were entered in Merriam-Webster’s Unabridged edition of 1934:

cogitable “thinkable”

cogitabund “deep in thought; thoughtful”

cogitent “thinking”

cogitative “given to thought; meditative”

cogitativity “cognitive power or action”

Sometimes we “weigh» thoughts, sometimes we “turn them over,» and other times they give us something to “chew on.» At least that’s what the verb ruminate literally means: it comes from the Latin word ruminari, meaning “to chew the cud,” as in what cows do. Ruminari comes from the Latin word for the cow’s first stomach, rumen, and is also the root of the word for the category of mammals that have 3- or 4-chambered stomachs and two-toed feet, ruminants, which includes cattle, deer, giraffes, goats, and sheep.

Ruminate has been used as a fancy way to say “to think about” since the Renaissance in the 1500s, at a time when academic and philosophical writing was usually done by people with a strong background in Latin.

We distinguish between thoughts and ideas, and, unsurprisingly, there are verbs in English for producing both. The usage of these verbs, however, is extremely imbalanced: think is, of course, a fundamental part of our vocabulary and is very frequently used, but ideate is not.

You might think that ideate is simply some kind of annoying recent business jargon, but in fact its use in English dates back to the 1600s, when it referred to Platonic philosophy, meaning “to form an idea or conception of.” When referring to an abstract or perfect example of something, we also use a word related to idea, Platonic ideal.

Another related word is ideation, meaning “the capacity or the act of forming or entertaining ideas.” This word is used in specific contexts, such as in psychological assessments (“suicidal ideation”) and the creative aspect of technical jobs (“software-based ideation,” “digital strategy, ideation, and innovation.”)
The fact is, ideate means something slightly different from think, since it expresses a clear goal: “to form an idea.” This is a useful distinction in fields like design and information technology:

“There’s a template for where all the numbers should be,” [Martin] Grann explains. You kind of feel it’s a little bit hard to ideate and to be creative when you have such strong guidelines and direction.”—
Shaunecy Ferro, Co.Design, 9 October 2014

This is particularly true for the human-centered design process — empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test — as outlined by the Institute of Design at Stanford, also known as «the d.school»— Amanda Enayati, CNN.com, 19 June 2012

Smart is an Old English-derived word; intellectual is a Latin-derived word. Like most synonyms, they overlap rather than duplicate meanings. And like most pairs of words with one each from these particular family groups, the one with roots in Old English is the everyday, household word (“knowledgeable”) while the one with Latin roots is more fancy and hifalutin (“chiefly guided by the intellect rather than emotion”). There is a related and arguably fancier word meaning “thinking”: intellection. Intellection means “the act of the intellect” or “exercise of the intellect,” a synonym of thought and reasoning.

The greater emotional distance of many Latin-derived words in English makes intellection a perfect term for dispassionate analysis, and has been used in theological writing and literary criticism for centuries:

The severall opinions of philosophers concerning the manner how intellection is wrought or produced.— Thomas Jackson, A treatise containing the originall of vnbeliefe, misbeliefe, or misperswasions concerning the veritie, vnitie, and attributes of the Deitie, 1625

But time and again in her first two essay collections, Against Interpretation and Styles of Radical Will, she argued for a more sensuous, less intellectual approach to art. It was an irony lost on no one, except perhaps her, that she made those arguments in paragraphs that were marvels of strenuous intellection.— Richard Lacayo, TIME, 10 January 2005

Outside of these contexts, intellection serves a way of emphasizing thought or thinking in a positive way and contrasting it with the alternative:

Rather, [the fidget spinner] enables and even encourages the setting of one’s own interests above everyone else’s. It induces solipsism, selfishness, and outright rudeness. It does not, as the Rubik’s Cube does, reward higher-level intellection.— Rebecca Mead, The New Yorker, 12 May 2017

The Greek word meaning “to think” or “to perceive” came to English as noesis, meaning “purely intellectual knowledge” or “a process or act of thinking.” The adjective noetic means “of, relating to, or based on the intellect.” Its use in philosophical and psychological writing shows that it is perhaps the most abstract of our “thought” words:

As such, quantum theory has opened the door to a noetic, mind-based universe. Reality, we would infer, is mind-made.— Deepak Chopra, The Huffington Post, 29 October 2012

While-out-of-body experiences have the character of a perceptual illusion (albeit a complex and singular one), near-death experiences have all the hallmarks of mystical experience, as William James defines them passivity, ineffability, transience, and a noetic quality.— Oliver Sacks, Musicophilia, 2007

Noetic is also used in connection with the supernatural: the former astronaut Ed Mitchell founded a center for the study of paranormal phenomena and consciousness called the Institute of Noetic Sciences.

A more down-to-earth use of the word is as a synonym for “thoughtful” sometimes used for humor:

Someone recently asked if people actually understand my columns. I don’t understand them sometimes. I attempt to be noetic, but can often come off as verbose and obtuse, if not borderline lugubrious. Until then, I’m doing my best to be compunctious.— Jim Magdefrau, Des Moines Register, 25 October 2017

Pensive comes from the French verb penser, meaning “to think.” The literal meaning of pensive, therefore, is “thoughtful,” but it came to English with a downcast attitude. Samuel Johnson defined the word this way in 1755:

Sorrowfully thoughtful; sorrowful; mournfully serious; melancholy

Shakespeare used pensive in this sense:

Now, brother of Clarence, how like you our choice,
That you stand pensive, as half malcontent?— Henry VI, Part III, Act IV, Scene I

My leisure serves me, pensive daughter, now.
My lord, we must entreat the time alone.— Romeo and Juliet, Act IV, Scene I

This melancholy mood continues today in our use of the word: though it can have the more neutral meaning of “musingly or dreamily thoughtful,” it also means “suggestive of sad thoughtfulness.”

Cerebration

The Latin word for brain was borrowed into English whole: cerebrum can refer either to the front part of the brain that is believed to be where thoughts occur or more generally as a synonym of brain itself. Scientists study both conscious and unconscious brain activity, and a technical term based on cerebrum for the latter, “unconscious cerebration,” was coined in the mid-19th century to distinguish it from what we might know of as “thinking.”

Cerebration (“mental activity,” “thought”) and the verb that derived from it a few years later, cerebrate (“to use the mind,” “to think”) have the technical, medical, and psychological overtones that come from Latin-derived vocabulary in a research field. Consequently, its use is sometimes distinctly technical:

Such exercise may well increase aerobic capacity, as these investigators have convincingly demonstrated, but does it stimulate cerebration or prevent boredom?— Samuel Vaisrub, JAMA Vol. 243 No. 20, 1980

And also used in a jocular way as a very formal-sounding synonym for “thought”:

Although the coining of a neologism is abundantly appealing, I cannot claim the word «feminal» as a product of my own cerebrations.— William Safire, I Stand Corrected, 1984

Its use can also convey a shade of emotional distance:

Nolan is now one of the greatest and most inventive movie technicians. He also lists the Argentinian writer Jorge Luis Borges near the top of the people who influenced him, which signals his taste for cerebration, and can be seen in some of his earlier movies, like Memento and Insomnia. But the most Borgesian quality in Nolan’s work is his cool detachment from the world he describes. — Jonathan Raban, theStranger.com, 17 June 2017

One impediment to greater usage of cerebration is its similarity to celebration, which can make it easily misunderstood. In fact, much evidence shows clear misspellings: when you read about a “boisterous cerebration,” it should make you stop and think.

The Latin root word that gave us ratio and rational also gave us ratiocination, pronounced /rat-ee-oh-suh-NAY-shun/ or /rash-ee-oh-suh-NAY-shun/. It means “the process of exact thinking” or “a reasoned train of thought.” In Latin, ratio meant “reason” or “computation,” and the mathematical connotation of this word made it appealing for those describing a machinelike thinking process. Edgar Allan Poe used it to describe his story The Murders in the Rue Morgue, considered the first detective story as we now know them, as “a tale of ratiocination.” Unsurprisingly, the most famous character of the new genre was also the possessor of perhaps the most machinelike brain in fiction, Sherlock Holmes. And ratiocination is a favorite word used to describe him:

Holmes’s famous ratiocination is now at the service of a man of action.— David Denby, The New Yorker, 4 January 2010

One of the characters in the Ritchie film remarks that there is a fragility beneath all Holmes’s logic and ratiocination, and it’s true. Mr. Downey’s character is as needy as he is superior.— Charles McGrath, The New York Times, 6 January 2010

Those cases — and Sherlock Holmes’s ratiocinations — are fated to remain forever untold, mentioned in Dr. Watson’s chronicles but never explained beyond these baroque references, with their nearly comic grotesqueries.— Edward Rothstein, The New York Times, 15 February 2014

The adjective ratiocinative is occasionally encountered in similar contexts:

Early in »Sherlock Holmes» — and also again, later on — the famous sleuth demonstrates his ratiocinative powers in a way undreamed of by his creator, Arthur Conan Doyle.— A.O. Scott, The New York Times, 25 December 2009

The verb ratiocinate is also sometimes seen:

But we’re here to see Downey ratiocinate his way in and around the movie, and Ritchie indulges him and us.— Ty Burr, The Boston Globe, 25 December 2009

Ratiocinate is a pretty fancy way of saying “to think,” and usually draws attention to itself as a very technical and logical word. It received an unusual note at its definition in our Unabridged edition of 1934:

To reason discursively or according to a logical process ; —now usually humorous

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One of the most important reasons to learn a language is to be able to communicate with people. You need to be able to express your thoughts in a way that is clear and easily understood.

One other thing you should learn to express clearly is your feelings and emotions. You need to be able to understand how to describe your emotional state and to talk about your feelings in conversation.

In this post, we’re going to go through some of the most basic and common words for feelings and emotions. Learn how to identify these feelings in yourself and others in order to improve your ability to clearly express your thoughts.

1. Happiness

Happiness is a positive emotion. It is a pleasant feeling or emotional state that comes will when you are content or satisfied with your situation.

Happiness is commonly associated when getting what you want. If you received a present that you liked, for example, you feel happy. If someone
tells you did a good job, you will express happiness.

Non-verbal signals for happiness: A smile, relaxed posture, laughter

Other common words to describe the feeling of happiness:

Joy
Pleased
Contented
Satisfied
Amused
Proud
Ecstatic
Cheerful
Delighted
Merry
Thrilled
Gleeful

2. Sadness

Sadness is a negative emotion that is associated with dissatisfaction with an outcome. If you are disappointed with your situation or did not receive the desired outcome, you will feel sadness.

There are different degrees of sadness that usually vary according to how seriously a person is affected by something that happened.

For example, you can say that you are sad if the shop didn’t have the ice cream flavor you liked. This sadness describes being disappointed but it is considered temporary as it is not something that will affect you for a long time.

A deeper sadness, however, occurs when you experience a bad situation that has long-lasting effects. For example, the death of a loved one will stay with you for a long time and can trigger feelings of sadness long after the event itself.

Non-verbal signs of sadness: Crying, frowning, hunched over posture, not meeting people’s eyes

Other words that can be used to describe feeling sad or are associated with sadness:

Unhappy
Sorrow
Grief
Disappointment
Depressed
Hopeless
Despair
Dismayed
Hurt
Miserable
Melancholy
Somber

3. Fear

Fear is another word to describe emotions and feelings that are negative but universal. Fear is a primal emotion that is commonly understood to trigger what is called the “fight or flight” response.

Basically, when you are faced with a threat, you feel fear and this triggers several bodily reactions that are meant to help you “survive” the threat.

For example, our ancestors would feel fear when faced with a predator, they would then need to make the decision to either run away from it or fight.

Now, when you are faced with a scary or shocking situation, it still triggers a physical response that is meant to help you “survive”. Fear isn’t just felt when facing physical danger; however, you might feel it when facing an emotional threat as well.

For example, a physical threat that might make you feel fear is a barking dog or a speeding car. However, you might also feel fear if faced with the threat of losing something valuable to you. If you get a call that your grandma is in the hospital, you will feel fear.

Non-verbal signs of fear: Wide eyes, stiff posture, jerking back, rapid breathing, increased heart rate

Another word that means that you are feeling a degree of fear:

Scared
Frightened
Terrified
Threatened
Worry
Anxiety
Dread
Shocked
Vulnerable
Suspicious
Alarm
Apprehensive
Horror

4. Disgust

Disgust is a negative emotion that you feel when you experience something that is unpleasant. It is usually triggered when you are faced with something that is unpleasant to your senses of sight, smell, or taste.

For example, if you see something that is unpleasant, such as vomit or a dead bug, you will be disgusted. If you smell garbage, you will feel disgusted. If you taste spoiled milk, you will feel disgusted.

Similar to fear, disgust evolved from a “survival instinct” as disgust is usually accompanied by physical reactions that are meant to protect us from what disgusts us. This was especially important as it kept us from eating or touching things that might be harmful to us.

For example, spoiled milk smells and tastes disgusting, it is also physically bad for you. Since spoiled milk disgusts us, it will keep us from drinking it. In some cases, we might spit out or vomit what we already accidentally drank.

We also feel disgusted when someone does something that we consider wrong, shameful, or even evil. Disgust causes us to reject certain acts or even certain people.

Non-verbal signs of disgust: Wrinkling of the nose and/or lips, covering of the nose and/or mouth, frowning, turning away, vomiting, spitting

Other words to express or describe feelings of disgust:

Dislike
Distaste
Abhorrence
Revolting
Revulsion
Contempt
Ashamed
Aversion
Detestable
Disapproving
Hatred
Loathing

5. Anger

Anger is a powerful emotion that you feel if someone has harmed or threatened you or someone or something that you value. It’s similar to fear in that sense.

Anger is triggered when you face the threat of harm or danger. When you feel anger, however, instead of triggering a “fight or flight” response, it triggers just one response “fight”.

For example, if someone cheats off you on a test, anger will move you to confront them and maybe have a
few choices swear words that you will want to use to describe them.

Non-verbal signs: Frowning, glaring, clenched fists, yelling, raising of the voice, flushed features

Other words to express or describe feelings of anger:

Mad
Hostility
Aggression
Antagonism
Rage
Enraged
Furious
Irritated
Resentful
Annoyed
Irate
Offended
Outraged

6. Surprise

This emotion is felt when you experience something unexpected. It has similarities to fear but, compared to fear, it’s only felt briefly and can end with you feeling pleasure.

For example, if you walk into a room on your birthday and people come out with a cake, you might briefly startle but eventually, feel happiness. This is a surprise.

A surprise can be unpleasant, in which case it’s more like a shock. For example, if you are
watching a horror movie and a monster suddenly appears on the screen, you will be surprised. This can be considered an unpleasant surprise because you will feel fear briefly.

Non-verbal signs of surprise: Wide eyes, raised eyebrows, an open mouth, rearing or jumping back, gasping, screaming

Other words that mean you were surprised:

Shocked
Startled
Amazed
Astonished
Awed
Stunned

7. Confident

You feel confident if you feel in control of the situation. You can also have confidence in someone else when you believe that they are in control or capable of solving a problem.

8. Embarrassment

If you feel self-conscious or are uneasy in a situation, you feel embarrassed.

9. Courage

If someone feels fear but decides not to flee but instead stand and fight, they are showing courage.

10. Excitement

If someone feels excited, they are looking forward to an event, or are very interested in something.

11. Guilt

If you think that you have done something wrong and are uneasy because of it, you are feeling guilt.

12. Accepted

You feel accepted when you are recognized as a part of something. You can be accepted into an organization, such as a company, or a social group, such as a family.

13. Boredom

Someone who feels bored or boredom is not interested in what is going on around them. You can also be bored if you feel that there is nothing happening.

14. Confused

When someone feels confused, they do not understand what is going on.

15. Frustrated

If a situation is not going the way you would like or if you are disappointed in the outcome, you might feel frustrated.

16. Hopeful

If you feel optimistic that a situation will resolve itself in a way that is favorable to you, you will feel hopeful.

17. Curious

If you are feeling curious, it means that you are interested in learning more about something or someone.

18. Jealous

If you are afraid that someone is taking your place or fulfilling your role, you are jealous. This is usually used when talking about a romantic rival. Feeling jealous can lead you to express anger.

19. Lonely

Someone feels lonely if they are physically or even emotionally apart from other people. If you don’t feel accepted by someone or by a group, you might feel lonely.

20. Loving

If someone cares for someone and shows it in their words and actions, they are loving.

21. Kindness

If you are considerate of other people’s feelings, take care not to harm anyone, and do things that will make others happy, then they are expressing kindness.

Aside from learning the different words that are used to describe emotions and feelings, it’s also important to learn idioms and expressions.

Native speakers often use idioms to refer to emotions. For example, if someone has a “face like thunder”, this is an idiom that means someone is feeling anger. Slang and swear words are also another common way that people can express their feelings or describe their moods.

Feel like learning more? Well, if you find a good online native speaking language tutor, they will be happy to help.

A good tutor can help you understand the words for emotions that we discussed here. They will also be able to suggest other words and expressions that are used to talk about emotions and feelings that you should learn.

Источник

Мы все испытываем чувства и эмоции и совершаем поступки под их воздействием. Мы страдаем, удивляемся, радуемся или беспокоимся. Наши чувства — это наше состояние, поэтому говоря о чувствах на английском языке, мы всегда используем страдательное причастие (ED- adjective). Подробнее на эту тему «Прилагательные на ING/ ED. Правило. Упражнения»

Запомните:

feeling — чувство
mood — настроение

glad — радостный
sad — грустный
upset — расстроенный
happy — счастливый
unhappy — несчастный
angry — сердитый
enetgetic — энергичный

Также запомните следующие 7 чувств (состояний):

excited — взволнованный
bored — скучающий
tired — уставший (состояние)
scared — испуганный (состояние)
worried — взволнованный (обеспокоенный)
puzzled — озадаченный
interested — заинтересованный

Вспомните, с какими глаголами используются прилагательные из списка.

ПРИМЕРЫ

You look sad. / He (She) looks happy.
Do you feel sad? / Does he (she) feel happy?
Why are you sad? / Why is he (she) happy?

* * *

Feelings and Mood. Текст с заданиями

Оранжевым цветом выделены выражения для понимания.

Text «Halloween Spirit» (From Spotlight 6)

It was Halloween night so my sisters and I decided to go trick-or-treating (просить сладости). We were very excited.

By the time we got to the last house in the street, it was very late and we were tired.The house looked empty, but we knoсked anyway (все равно постучали). The door opened on its own (сама).

Although (хотя) we were scared, we decided to go in and have a look. Suddenly,we heard a loud noise and a huge creature (огромное существо) jumped out in front of us.
«Don’t be afraid, it’s just an owl,» said a voice from behind us.

We turned around and saw an old lady at the bottom of the stairs (у лестницы). She rushed over and introduced herself (представилась).
«Hello, I’m Mrs Shade. Let me give you some treats, you naughty little ghosts!»

When we finally got home, our Mum was very worried.
«Where were you?» she shouted, the moment we walked in.
«Don’t worry, mum. We were at Mrs Shade’s house, you know the big one (того большого) at the end of the street. She gave us treats and…»

Mum looked puzzled. «What on earth (О чем, ради всего святого) are you talking about?» she said. «Mrs Shade died ten years ago!»

Грамматический комментарий.

Говоря о чувствах и состоянии, мы всегда используем глаголы:

1. be — быть
2. feel — чувствовать
3. look — выглядеть

ПРИМЕРЫ

I am puzzled. — Я озадачен.
I feel puzzled. — Я чувствую недоумение.
You look puzzled. — Ты выглядишь озадаченным.

Ответьте на вопросы, используя изученные прилагательные:

How do you feel when you have an exam?
How do you feel when you work for a long time?
How do you feel when you are going to have a holiday?
How do you feel when you have nothing to do?
How do you feel when you are alone in the dark?
How do you feel when you don’t understand something?

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