Oledb read from excel

Провайдеры данных

Для работы с Excel 2003 (.Xls) можно использовать провайдер Microsoft Jet OLE DB 4.0.

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET(
	'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 
	'Excel 12.0;Database=d:tmpTimeSheets.xlsx;HDR=YES;IMEX=1', 
	'SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]');

Для работы с Excel 2007 (.Xlsx) — Microsoft ACE OLEDB 12.0.

SELECT * FROM OPENROWSET (
    'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
    'Excel 12.0;Database=d:tmpTimeSheets.xlsx;HDR=YES;IMEX=1',
    'SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]');

В Windows 10 открыть настройки источников данных ODBC можно написав «Источники данных ODBC» или через Панель управления Администрирование.

Extended Properties

• HDR=YES|NO. HDR=YES означает, что первую строку листа, следует рассматривать как заголовки колонок. Т.о. значение из первой строки можно использовать как имена полей в sql запросах (любых: select, insert, update, delete).
• IMEX=1|3. 1 — открыть соединение для чтения. 3 — для записи.

Создание Linked Server в Sql Server для доступа к Excel

EXEC sp_addLinkedServer
    @server= N'XLSX_2010',
    @srvproduct = N'Excel',
    @provider = N'Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0',
    @datasrc = N'd:tmpTimeSheets.xlsx',
    @provstr = N'Excel 12.0; HDR=Yes';
GO

После создания связанного сервера можно будет просмотреть имена доступных листов.

Затем, чтобы обратиться к сервису:

SELECT * FROM OPENQUERY (XLSX_2010, 'Select * from [Sheet1$]')
или
SELECT * FROM [XLSX_2010]...[Лист1$]

Обращение к лиcтам, диапазонам, полям

Для обращения к листу из SQL запроса нужно использовать имя листа, например: [Sheet1$] или [Лист1$]. Обращение к диапазону: [Sheet1$A16:F16].

Вставка данных в произвольное место

Примеры указания диапазона при вставке строк (insert)

• [table1$B4:E20]
• [table1$S4:U]
• [table1$F:G]

При вставке должны выполняться следующие условия:

• Первая строчка указанного диапазона дожна входить в диапазон ячеек с данными. Чтобы создать на листе диапазон с данными достаточно в углах некоторого прямоугольного диапазона (в левом верхнем и правом нижнем) вписать значение (C4:I7 на скриншоте). Т.е. сама первая строчка указанного в insert диапазона данные содержать не обязана, достаточно, чтобы она просто входила в такой диапазон. Иначе возникнет ошибка "This table contains cells that are outside the range of cells defined in this spreadsheet"
• Хвост диапазона должен содержать пустые строки (хотя бы одну).

Пример: Дан лист, где заполнены только 2 ячейки: C4, I7. После выполнения команды INSERT INTO [table1$E6:G] VALUES(2, 'FF','2014-01-03') результат будет как на скриншоте. Поясним: строка E6:G6 является первой строкой диапазона для вставки. Она входит в заполненный диапазон C4:I7. Поэтому данные были вставлены на следующей пустой строке — 8. Из этого примера становится ясно, что через OleDb нельзя работать с несколькими независимыми диапазонами на одном листе, используя вставку (update будет работать).

Ошибки

• System.Data.OleDb.OleDbException (0x80004005): Operation must use an updateable query. Соединение открыто для чтение, при этом происходит попытка внести изменения (выполнить insert, update или delete). Решение: открыть соединение для записи, установив свойство провайдера в строке соединения IMEX=3 (см. выше).
• System.Data.OleDb.OleDbException (0x80004005): "This table contains cells that are outside the range of cells defined in this spreadsheet". Такая ошибка возникает при подпытке обновить (update) или вставить (insert) значения в диапазоне, в котором отсутствуют данные на листе.
  1. Если нужно произвести запись в определенные ячейки инструкцией update, то

Ссылки

• https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/705470/Read-and-Write-Excel-Documents-Using-OLEDB
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36987636/cannot-create-an-instance-of-ole-db-provider-microsoft-jet-oledb-4-0-for-linked
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26267224/the-ole-db-provider-microsoft-ace-oledb-12-0-for-linked-server-null
• http://www.ashishblog.com/importexport-excel-xlsx-or-xls-file-into-sql-server/
• https://yoursandmyideas.com/2011/02/05/how-to-read-or-write-excel-file-using-ace-oledb-data-provider/
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46373895/how-to-open-a-huge-excel-file-efficiently Несколько способов открыть большой Excel файл, в т.ч. с помощью OleDb.

Whether you are working on Windows or on Web or on Console application, at one stage we need to process data and excel file is widely used for it, so in previous article, we have explained about creating excel in C# without interop but in this article, I am going to provide you code to open and read excel file (.xls or .xlsx) in C# line by line in Console application using OLEDB or EPPlus or Interop (all 3 methods), you can use the same code C# code to fill ASP.NET GridView or MVC application table.

So, let’s get started with it.

Step 1: Create a new Console applicaiton in your Visual Studio, by navigating to File->New->Project-> Select «Windows Classic dekstop» from left-pane & «Console-App» from right-pane -> Provide a name to your application «CSharpReadExcelFile» -> Click «OK»

Step 2: Now we have our Console application and we need to add C# code using OLEDB to read excel file, for that we would need connection string with the source URL of excel file.

In the given example as I am using .XLS excel file, here is my connection string

string connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=D:\Sample1.xls; Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1;'";

For Excel 97-2003 Format we can use “Microsoft Jet OLEDB Driver 4.0”, while for the Connection String for Excel 2007 Format (.XLSX), we can use “Microsoft Ace OLEDB Driver 12.0” and it’s connection string would be as below

 string connString = "Provider= Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=Sample1.xlsx" + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes'";

In the above Connection string’s you may see extended properties HDR=Yes & HDR =No

Use HDR=YES if first excel row contains headers, alternatively,use HDR=NO when your excel’s first row is not headers and it’s data.

Now, we have connection string , we need to create connection using OLEDB and open it

             // Create the connection object
            OleDbConnection oledbConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
           
            // Open connection
            oledbConn.Open();

Read the excel file using OLEDB connection and fill it in dataset

  //here sheet name is Sample-spreadsheet-file, usually it is Sheet1, Sheet2 etc..
                OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [Sample-spreadsheet-file$]", oledbConn);

                // Create new OleDbDataAdapter
                OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter();

                oleda.SelectCommand = cmd;

                // Create a DataSet which will hold the data extracted from the worksheet.
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                // Fill the DataSet from the data extracted from the worksheet.
                oleda.Fill(ds, "Employees");

in the above code Sample-spreadsheet-file is the name of Sheet.

Note: With the help of sheet name, you can refer to Excel data, you need to use ‘$’ with sheet name, e.g. Select * from [Sheet1$]

Now loop through each row of excel sheet and print it in Console app

 //loop through each row
                foreach(var m in ds.Tables[0].DefaultView)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[0] +" "+((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[1] +" "+((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[2]);

                }

If you are using ASP.NET, you can bind it with Grid View using below code instead of printing it

            // Bind the data to the GridView
            GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
            GridView1.DataBind();

Now, we have discussed each step, suppose this is out Excel file

and ese the code below in your Console application, build and execute it.

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;


namespace CSharpReadExcelFile
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //this is the connection string which has OLDB 4.0 Connection and Source URL of file
            //use HDR=YES if first excel row contains headers, HDR=NO means your excel's first row is not headers and it's data.
            string connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=D:\Sample1.xls; Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1;'";
          

            // Create the connection object
            OleDbConnection oledbConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
            try
            {
                // Open connection
                oledbConn.Open();

                // Create OleDbCommand object and select data from worksheet Sample-spreadsheet-file
                //here sheet name is Sample-spreadsheet-file, usually it is Sheet1, Sheet2 etc..
                OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [Sample-spreadsheet-file$]", oledbConn);

                // Create new OleDbDataAdapter
                OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter();

                oleda.SelectCommand = cmd;

                // Create a DataSet which will hold the data extracted from the worksheet.
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                // Fill the DataSet from the data extracted from the worksheet.
                oleda.Fill(ds, "Employees");

                //loop through each row
                foreach(var m in ds.Tables[0].DefaultView)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[0] +" "+((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[1] +" "+((System.Data.DataRowView)m).Row.ItemArray[2]);

                }
           
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error :" + e.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                // Close connection
                oledbConn.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

Output of the above code will be as below

Now, if you are working on 64 bit operating system, you may get this error «The ‘Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0’ provider is not registered on the local machine.«.

Resolving this error: If your application is Desktop based, compile your EXE with x86 CPU (Menu Tools, Options, select Projects And Solutions, check the show advanced build configurations. Now in the Build Menu you will be able to go to the Config Manager and set output to x86.)

If your application is web based, then Enable ’32-Bit Applications’ in application pool.

On IIS, change the «Enable 32-bit Applications» setting to True, in the Advanced Settings for the Application Pool.

Disadvantage of using OLEDB for Excel

With OLEDB, you cannot format data that you inserted/updated in EXCEL sheet but Interop can do it efficiently. You cannot perform any mathematical operation or working on graphs using OLEDB, but it is really a good way to insert/update data in EXCEL where no Excel application is installed.

Reading Excel file using EPPlus

If you don’t want to use OleDb, you can try using EPPlus Nuget package based solution.

For this, you would have to install EPPlus, so navigate to «Tools»-> «Nuget package manager»-> «Manage Nuget for this solution» -> Select «Browse» tab and search for «EPPlus», then install the nuget package.

Once you have installed the package, in your Console application «Program.cs», you can use the code below

using OfficeOpenXml;
using System;
using System.IO;


namespace ReadExcelInCsharp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //provide file path
            FileInfo existingFile = new FileInfo(@"D:sample_XLSX.xlsx");
            //use EPPlus
            using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(existingFile))
            {
                //get the first worksheet in the workbook
                ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets[1];
                int colCount = worksheet.Dimension.End.Column;  //get Column Count
                int rowCount = worksheet.Dimension.End.Row;     //get row count
                for (int row = 1; row <= rowCount; row++)
                {
                    for (int col = 1; col <= colCount; col++)
                    {
                        //Print data, based on row and columns position
                        Console.WriteLine(" Row:" + row + " column:" + col + " Value:" + worksheet.Cells[row, col].Value?.ToString().Trim());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Here is the image, which shows console application output with sample excel file (.xlsx), we are using .xlsx file here for reading in C# using EPPlus

You can use above EPPlus example to work in .NET Core C# also, to read excel file in .NET Core.

Read Excel using MS Office Interop

You can also read Excel file in C# using MS Office Interop easily.

First you will have to add reference for «Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel«, so in your Console, Windows or Web-Application, right-click on «Reference» and then in «Assemblies» search for «Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel»

So, here is the C# Code for it, considering we have sample XLSX file as above

using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using System;

namespace ReadExcelCSharp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Application excelApp = new Application();
            if (excelApp != null)
            {
                Workbook excelWorkbook = excelApp.Workbooks.Open(@"D:sample_XLSX.xlsx", 0, true, 5, "", "", true, XlPlatform.xlWindows, "t", false, false, 0, true, 1, 0);
                Worksheet excelWorksheet = (Worksheet)excelWorkbook.Sheets[1];

                Range excelRange = excelWorksheet.UsedRange;
                int rowCount = excelRange.Rows.Count;
                int colCount = excelRange.Columns.Count;
                //get an object array of all of the cells in the worksheet (their values)
                object[,] valueArray = (object[,])excelRange.get_Value(
                            XlRangeValueDataType.xlRangeValueDefault);

                for (int i = 1; i <= rowCount; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
                    {
                     

                        Console.WriteLine(valueArray[i, j].ToString());
                    }
                }

                excelWorkbook.Close();
                excelApp.Quit();
            }
        }
    }
}

Output:

As you can see we have used Interop to open and read excel rows/columns, one of the drawbacks of using MS office Interop is that you need it installed on Server also.

You may also like to read:

Read Excel file and import data into GridView using Datatable in ASP.NET

Read file in C# ( Text file example using Console Application )

That’s it, feel free to provide your feedback in the below comment’s section.

Here I am explaining how to read excel sheet and import it using OLEDB Data Provider Connection and C# .Net. Excel Workbook is just like database with sheets corresponding to tables. See the mapping below.

Database   <—————>    Excel Workbook

Sheet        <—————->    Table

Connection String for Excel 97-2003 Format (.XLS)

For Excel 97-2003 format Microsoft Jet OLEDB Driver 4.0 is used. A sample connection string as follows.

«Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:Book1.xls;Extended Properties=’Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes'»

 Connection String for Excel 2007 Format (.XLSX)

For Excel 2007 format the new Microsoft Ace OLEDB Driver 4.0 is used. A sample connection string as follows.

«Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:Book1.xlsx;Extended Properties=’Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes'»

Rest everything is same for both versions. One thing to note Microsoft Ace OLEDB Driver 12.0 works for both Excel 2003 and Excel 2007 formats.

You can specify whether your Excel file has Headers or not using the HDR property.

When HDR is set to Yes the First Row is considered as the Header of the Excel file.

For this tutorial I have used the following Excel Sheet

ID	Name
1	John
2	Smith
3	Rob

Establish a Connection

  

Accessing Sheets

 

The dtExcelSchema contains all the Sheets present in your Excel Workbook

You access them in the following way

string sheetName = dtExcelSchema.Rows[0][«TABLE_NAME»];

This will give the name of the first sheet. i.e. Sheet1$

Running a Select Query by Specifying Column Names

Note the above query will only work when Header Row is present in the Excel Sheet.

XML Output of the Query

Running a Query without Specifying Column Names

Above query will work in both cases if Header row is specified and when not specified

Output of the Above Query with Header = Yes

Output of the Above Query with Header = No

Running a Query on a Range of Cells

Many times you need to select all data from a range of Cells. The above query selects all the data within the cell range A3:B5

Output of the Above Query

You can download the sample source code here.

ReadExcel.zip (10.37 kb)