Nothing в vba excel что это

• Indicates that no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable.
• An Empty variable is represented as 0 in a numeric context or a zero-length string ("") in a string context.
• Empty is not the same as Null which indicates that a variable contains no valid data.
• You can use the IsEmpty function to determine whether the variable is initialized.
• Use the VarType Function to determine the subtype of a variable.

Sub Test1()
    Dim varTest As Variant
    
    'returns 0, variable not initialized, indicating variable subtype Empty:
    Debug.Print VarType(varTest)
    
    'returns True, indicating variable subtype Empty:
    Debug.Print IsEmpty(varTest)
    
    'returns False - is an Empty variable, not a Null variable,
    'no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable:
    Debug.Print IsNull(varTest)
   
    'Empty indicates a Variant variable for which you do not explicity specify an initial value,
    'which by default gets initialized in VBA to a value that is represented as both a zero and a zero-length string.
    'returns True for all If statements below:
    If varTest = 0 Then
        Debug.Print "True"
    End If
    If varTest = "" Then
        Debug.Print "True"
    End If
    If varTest = vbNullString Then
        Debug.Print "True"
    End If
    If Len(varTest) = 0 Then
        Debug.Print "True"
    End If
   
    'assign Null keyword to set variable to Null
    varTest = Null
    
    'returns 1, Null (no valid data)
    Debug.Print VarType(varTest)
    
    'returns True - is a Null variable, not an Empty variable,
    Debug.Print IsNull(varTest)
End Sub

Null

• A value indicating that a variable contains no valid data.
• Null is the result: if you explicitly assign Null to a variable or perform any operation between expressions that contain Null.

  Sub Test2()
      Dim varTest1 As Variant
      varTest1 = Null
      'returns True - is a Null variable
      Debug.Print IsNull(varTest1)
      
      Dim varTest2 As Variant
      varTest2 = Null + 1
      'returns True - is a Null variable
      Debug.Print IsNull(varTest2)
  End Sub

• The Null keyword is used as a Variant subtype. only a Variant variable can be Null, and variable of any other subtype will give an error.

  Sub Test3()
      'Run-time error 94: Invalid use of Null
      Dim intTest As Integer
      intTest = Null
  End Sub

• Null is not the same as a zero-length string (""), and neither is Null the same as Empty, which indicates that a variable has not yet been initialized.

  Sub Test4()
      Dim varTest As Variant
      
      'assign Null keyword to set variable to Null
      varTest = Null
  
      'No returns for all If statements below:
      If varTest = 0 Then
          Debug.Print "True"
      End If
      If varTest = "" Then
          Debug.Print "True"
      End If
      If varTest = vbNullString Then
          Debug.Print "True"
      End If
      If Len(varTest) = 0 Then
          Debug.Print "True"
      End If
      
      'returns True for If statements below:
      If VarType(varTest) = vbNull Then
          Debug.Print "True"
      End If
  End Sub

• If you try to get the value of a Null variable or an expression that is Null, you will get an error of ‘Run-time error 94: Invalid use of Null‘. You will need to ensure the variable contains a valid value.

  Sub Test5()
      Dim i As Integer
      Dim varTest As Variant
      varTest = Null
      
      'Run-time error 94: Invalid use of Null
      For i = 1 To varTest
          Debug.Print i
      Next
  End Sub

• You can use the IsNull function to determine whether the expression is Null.

  Sub Test6()
      Dim varTest As Variant
     
      'returns True, indicating variable subtype Empty:
      Debug.Print IsEmpty(varTest)
      
      'returns False - is an Empty variable, not a Null variable,
      'no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable:
      Debug.Print IsNull(varTest)
  
      'assign Null keyword to set variable to Null
      varTest = Null
      
      'returns True - is a Null variable, not an Empty variable,
      Debug.Print IsNull(varTest)
  End Sub

Nothing

This is an object reference to an empty object. Setting the object reference to Nothing releases that object. If there are no other references to the object, Visual Basic will destroy the object. Nothing is assigned to an object variable by using the Set statement.

Sub Test7()

    Dim objTest As Object
    
    'returns True, because you have not yet assigned an actual object to the object variable:
    Debug.Print objTest Is Nothing
    
    'assign an actual object (Workbook) to the object variable
    Set objTest = ActiveWorkbook
    
    'returns False, because you have assigned an actual object (Workbook) to the object variable:
    Debug.Print objTest Is Nothing
    
    'disassociate the object variable from an actual object
    Set objTest = Nothing
    
    'returns "Variable not associated with an actual object"
    If objTest Is Nothing Then
        Debug.Print "Variable not associated with an actual object"
    Else
        Debug.Print "Actual object is assigned to an Object variable"
    End If

End Sub

It is advisable to explicity set all object variables to Nothing at the end of your procedure or even earlier while running your code when you finish using them, and this will release memory allocated to these variables.

Sub Test8()
    Dim fso As Object
    Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    
    'place your code here.
    
    Set fso = Nothing
End Sub

To check if an object has been assigned or set, use the Is keyword with Nothing.

If object_variable Is Nothing Then
    'place your code here.
End If

If Not object_variable Is Nothing Then
    'place your code here.
End If

For objects, you cannot test if an object_variable is equal to something, and using = instead of Is will give an error.

Sub Test9()
    Dim object_variable As Object
    
    'Compilt error: Invalid use of object
    If object_variable = Nothing Then
        Debug.Print "Variable not associated with an actual object"
    End If
End Sub

vbNullString, zero-length string

vbNullString is a constant, which represents an empty string. It is different from the blank string «», which means nothing string. For many occasions, it is treated as an empty string «», the real purpose of using it is to pass a null parameter to the library function.

A string is composed of two parts: a pointer and a Unicode character array, vbNullString is a string with only the first part and no second part. vbnullstring is a 4-byte null value, which is usually transmitted into the api like this 0&.

zero-length string («») is also referred to as a null string, and has a length of zero (0). For all practical purposes using vbNullString is equivalent to a zero-length string («») because VBA interprets both in a similar manner, though both are actually not the same — a ‘zero length string’ actually means creating a string with no characters, whereas vbNullString is a constant used for a null pointer meaning that no string is created and is also more efficient or faster to execute than zero-length string. You can use «» or vbNullString alternatively in your code and both behave similarly.

Note that there is no Blank keyword in vba, but we can refer to ‘blank cells‘ or «empty cells» in Excel spreadsheet. There are Excel worksheet functions for empty cells:

• The COUNTA function counts the number of cells that are not empty, and also counts or includes a cell with empty text («») — also referrred to as empty string or zero length string — which is not counted as an empty cell.
• The ISBLANK function returns True for an empty cell, and does not treat a zero-length string («») as a blank (empty cell) similarly as in COUNTA. Both the worksheet functions of ISBLANK and COUNTA distinguish between an empty cell and a cell containing a zero-length string (ie. «» as formula result).

Excel VBA — Empty, ZLS, Null, Nothing, Missing

————————————

Contents:

Empty

VarType Function

Null

Nothing

Missing

————————————

In excel vba we often refer to an Empty variable, ZLS (zero-length string) or null string or vbNullString, Null value, Missing Argument, or using the Nothing keyword with an object variable. It is important to differentiate and understand these terms and expressions while using them in your vba code. In this section, we will also understand using the VarType Function to determine the subtype of a variable, using the IsEmpty & IsNull Functions to check for Empty & Null values, and using the IsMissing Function to check whether optional arguments have been passed in the procedure or not.

Empty

When you declare a variable in your code using a Dim statement, you are setting aside sufficient memory for the variable (viz. 2 bytes for a Boolean or Integer variable, 4 bytes for a Long variable, and so on), and that the information being stored in the variable has an allowable range (of True or False  for a Boolean variable, a whole number between -32,768 to 32,767  for an Integer variable, a whole number between -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 for a variable subtype of Long, and so on). You will receive a run-time error if trying to assign a string value to a variable declared as Integer.

While declaring a variable if you do not specify its data type, or if you do not declare a variable at all it will default to Variant data type that can hold any type of data (string, date, time, Boolean, or numeric values) & can automatically convert the values that it contains. However, the disadvantage is that this makes Excel reserve more memory than is required (at least 16 bytes), and could also result in mistyping a variable name and not knowing it viz. you might type rowNumbre instead of rowNumber.

When you run a macro, all variables are initialized to a default value. The initial default value: for a numeric variable is zero; for a variable length string it is a zero-length or empty string («»); a fixed length string is initialized with the ASCII code 0, or Chr(0); an object variable defaults to Nothing; a Variant variable is initialized to Empty. In numeric context, an Empty variable denotes a zero while in a string context an Empty variable is a zero-length string («») . A zero-length string («») is also referred to as a null string. However, it is advised to explicitly specify an initial value for a variable instead of relying on its default initial value.

Empty indicates that no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable ie. a variable which has not been initialized. An Empty variable is represented as 0 in a numeric context or a zero-length string («») in a string context. Empty is not the same as Null which indicates that a variable contains no valid data.

The Empty keyword indicates an uninitialized variable value. It is used as a Variant subtype. You can assign the Empty keyword to explicitly set a variable to Empty.

IsEmpty Function

Use the IsEmpty Function to check whether a variable has been initialized. The function returns a Boolean value — returns True for an uninitialized variable or if a variable is explicitly set to Empty, otherwise the function returns False. Syntax: IsEmpty(expression), where expression is a Variant variable which you want to check. See below example(s) where we use this function to check if a variant variable is empty.

Empty, Blank, ZLS (zero-length string), null string & vbNullString

ZLS means a zero-length string («»), is also referred to as a null string, and has a length of zero (0). For all practical purposes using vbNullString is equivalent to a zero-length string («») because VBA interprets both in a similar manner, though both are actually not the same — a ‘zero length string’ actually means creating a string with no characters, whereas  vbNullString is a constant used for a null pointer meaning that no string is created and is also more efficient or faster to execute than ZLS. You can use «» or vbNullString alternatively in your code and both behave similarly. Note that there is no Blank keyword in vba, but we can refer to ‘blank cells‘ or «empty cells» in Excel spreadsheet. There are Excel worksheet functions for empty cells: (i) the COUNTA function counts the number of cells that are not empty, and also counts or includes a cell with empty text («») — also referrred to as empty string or zero length string — which is not counted as an empty cell; and (ii) the ISBLANK function returns True for an empty cell, and does not treat a zero-length string («») as a blank (empty cell) similarly as in COUNTA. Both the worksheet functions of ISBLANK and COUNTA distinguish between an empty cell and a cell containing a zero-length string (ie. «» as formula result).

VarType Function

Use the VarType Function to determine the subtype of a variable. Syntax: VarType(variable_name). The function returns an Integer indicating the variable’s subtype. The variable_name can be any variable except a user-defined data type (data type defined using the Type statement) variable. Examples of return values are: value 0 (VarType constant — vbEmpty, uninitialized / default), value 1 (VarType constant — vbNull, contains no valid data), value 2 (VarType constant — vbInteger, Integer), value 3 (VarType constant — vbLong, Long Integer), and so on. The VarType constants can be used anywhere in your code in place of the actual values.

Example — Empty variable:

Sub EmptyVar()
‘Empty variable

‘variable var1 has not been declared, hence it is a Variant data type:

‘returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns True, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

‘returns False — is an Empty variable, not a Null variable — no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable:

MsgBox IsNull(var1)

‘Empty indicates a Variant variable for which you do not explicity specify an initial value, which by default gets initialized in VBA to a value that is represented as both a zero and a zero-length string.

‘returns both messages as below:

If var1 = 0 Then

MsgBox «Empty Variable represented as Zero»

End If

If var1 = «» Then

MsgBox «Empty Variable represented as a Zero-Length (Null) String»

End If

End Sub

Example — Testing for Empty:

Sub EmptyCheck()
‘testing for Empty

Dim var1 As Variant

‘variable not initialized — returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns True, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

‘————

‘initialize the variable by specifying a string value:

var1 = «Hello»

‘returns 8, indicating variable subtype String:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns False, indicating variable is not Empty:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

‘————

‘assign Empty keyword to set variable to Empty:

var1 = Empty

‘returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns True, indicating variable is Empty:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

‘————

‘returns True for an empty worksheet cell, otherwise False:

MsgBox IsEmpty(ActiveCell)

End Sub

Example — Initialize a Variant variable:

Sub VarInitialized()
‘initialized variable

Dim var1 As Variant

‘variable has been initialized to a zero-length string («»):

var1 = «»

‘returns False, indicating variable is NOT Empty:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

‘returns 8, indicating variable subtype String:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns — «Variable value is a Zero-Length String»

If var1 = «» Then

MsgBox «Variable value is a Zero-Length String»

Else

MsgBox «Variable value is NOT a Zero-Length String»

End If

‘returns — «Variable value is NOT Zero»

If var1 = 0 Then

MsgBox «Variable value is Zero»

Else

MsgBox «Variable value is NOT Zero»

End If

End Sub

Example — Check a zero-length string:

Sub CheckZLS()
‘check a zero-length string

Dim var1 As Variant

‘variable not initialized — returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty — represented both as Zero (0) and a Zero-Length (Null) String:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns «True» for all If statements below:

If var1 = «» Then

MsgBox «True»

End If

If var1 = vbNullString Then

MsgBox «True»

End If

If Len(var1) = 0 Then

MsgBox «True»

End If

End Sub

Null

In VBA, Null keyword is used to indicate that a variable contains no valid data. A value indicating that a variable contains no valid data. Null is the result — (i) if you explicitly assign Null to a variable, or (ii) if you perform any operation between expressions that contain Null. The Null keyword is used as a Variant subtype ie. only a Variant variable can be Null, and and variable of any other subtype will give an error. Null is not the same as a zero-length string («»), and neither is Null the same as Empty, which indicates that a variable has not yet been initialized.

If you try to get the value of a Null variable or an expression that is Null, you will get an  error of ‘Invalid use of Null’ (Run-time Error 94). You will need to ensure the variable contains a valid value. Refer Image 1.

IsNull Function

The IsNull Function returns a Boolean value — True for an expression that is Null (containing no valid data), or else False for an expression that contains valid data. Syntax: IsNull(expression). The expression argument is a variant that contains a numeric or string value, and is necessary to specify.

Example — Integer variable:

Sub VarInteger()
‘no beginning value assigned to a variable of subtype Integer

Dim intVar As Integer

‘returns False (intVar is not Null & neither is it Empty) — no beginning value has been assigned to a variable of subtype Integer:

MsgBox IsNull(intVar)

‘returns 2, indicating variable subtype Integer:

MsgBox VarType(intVar)

‘returns — «Variable value is Zero» (The initial default value for a numeric variable is zero)

If intVar = 0 Then

MsgBox «Variable value is Zero»

Else

MsgBox «Variable value is NOT Zero»

End If

End Sub

Example — Evaluate Empty / Null variable, use IsNull & VarType vba functions:

Sub EmptyNullVar()
‘evaluate Empty / Null variable, use IsNull & VarType vba functions.

Dim var1 As Variant

‘returns False, var1 is not Null but an Empty variable (no beginning value has been assigned to a Variant variable):

MsgBox IsNull(var1)

‘variable not initialized — returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns the message because var1 is an Empty variable:

If var1 = 0 And var1 = vbNullString Then

MsgBox «Empty Variable represented both as Zero (0) and a Zero-Length (Null) String»

End If

‘——————-

‘variable is initialized to a zero-length string («») or vbNullString:

var1 = vbNullString

‘returns False — var1 is not a Null variable:

MsgBox IsNull(var1)

‘returns 8, indicating variable subtype String:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘——————-

‘explicitly assigning Null to a variable:

var1 = Null

‘returns True, for a Null variable, containing no valid data:

MsgBox IsNull(var1)

‘returns 1, indicating variable subtype Null:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘——————-

‘explicitly assigning valid data to a variable:

var1 = 12

‘returns False, for a variable containing valid data:

MsgBox IsNull(var1)

‘returns 2, indicating variable subtype Integer:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘——————-

‘returns False, for an expression containing valid data:

MsgBox IsNull(«Hello»)

End Sub

Example — Check a Null variable:

Sub CheckNull()
‘check a Null variable

‘explicitly assigning Null to a variable:

var1 = Null

‘returns 1, indicating variable subtype Null:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘returns the message, indicating variable subtype Null:

If VarType(var1) = vbNull Then

MsgBox «Null variable»

End If

‘an expression containing Null also evaluates to Null:

var2 = Null + 2

‘returns 1, indicating variable subtype Null:

MsgBox VarType(var2)

End Sub

Example — Check worksheet cell for Empty, ZLS, Null:

Sub WorksheetCell_ZLS_Empty_Null()
‘check worksheet cell for Empty, ZLS, Null

Dim var1 As Variant

‘returns True:

MsgBox vbNullString = «»

‘In the case where ActiveCell is Blank:

‘returns True for a Blank cell:

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = «»

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = vbNullString

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = 0

MsgBox IsEmpty(ActiveCell.Value)

‘assign Active Cell value to variable:

var1 = ActiveCell.Value

‘returns True:

MsgBox IsEmpty(var1)

MsgBox var1 = vbNullString

MsgBox var1 = «»

MsgBox var1 = 0

‘returns False:

MsgBox VarType(var1) = vbNull

‘returns 0, indicating variable subtype Empty:

MsgBox VarType(var1)

‘If you enter «» in the Active Cell ie. the active cell contains the value: =«»
‘returns True:

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = «»

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = vbNullString

‘returns False:

MsgBox ActiveCell.Value = 0

MsgBox IsEmpty(ActiveCell.Value)

End Sub

Nothing

Assigning the Nothing keyword to an object variable disassociates the variable from an actual object. Nothing is assigned to an object variable by using the Set statement. You can assign the same actual object to multiple object variables in vba code, and this association uses your system resources and memory. The system resources and memory get released only either after you assign Nothing to all object variables using the Set statement which disassociates these variables from the actual object, or when all object variables go out of scope and get destroyed. It is advisable to explicity set all object variables to Nothing at the end of your procedure or even earlier while running your code when you finish using them, and this will release memory allocated to these variables.

Determine if the object variable is initialized — use Is Nothing for objects: To check if an object has been assigned or set, use the Is keyword with Nothing, viz. If object_variable Is Nothing. For objects, you cannot test if an object_variable is equal to something, and using = instead of Is will give an error.

Example — Using the Nothing keyword with an object variable:

Sub ObjNothing()
‘using the Nothing keyword with an object variable

Dim objVar As Object

‘returns True, because you have not yet assigned an actual object to the object variable:

MsgBox objVar Is Nothing

Set objVar = ActiveSheet

‘returns False, because you have assigned an actual object (Sheet) to the object variable:

MsgBox objVar Is Nothing

Set objVar = Nothing

‘returns «Variable not associated with an actual object», because you have disassociated the object variable from an actual object:

If objVar Is Nothing Then

MsgBox «Variable not associated with an actual object»

Else

MsgBox «Actual object is assigned to an Object variable»

End If

End Sub

Missing

Passing Arguments to Procedures: When an external value is to be used by a procedure to perform an action, it is passed to the procedure by variables. These variables which are passed to a procedure are called arguments. An argument is the value supplied by the calling code to a procedure when it is called. When the set of parentheses, after the procedure name in the Sub or Function declaration statement, is empty, it is a case when the procedure does not receive arguments. However, when arguments are passed to a procedure from other procedures, then these are listed or declared between the parentheses.

Optional Arguments: Arguments can be specified as Optional by using the Optional keyword before the argument to its left. When you specify an argument as Optional, all other arguments following that argument to its right must

also be specified as Optional. Note that specifying the Optional keyword makes an argument optional otherwise the argument will be required.

Check if an argument is Missing, using the IsMissing function: The Optional argument should be (though not necessary) declared as Variant data type to enable use of the IsMissing function which works only when used with variables declared as Variant data type. The IsMissing function is used to determine whether the optional argument was passed in the procedure or not and then you can adjust your code accordingly without returning an error. If the Optional argument is not declared as Variant in which case the IsMissing function will not work, the Optional argument will be assigned the default value for its data type which is 0 for numeric data type variables (viz. Integer, Double, etc) and Nothing (a null reference) for String or Object data type variables.

IsMissing function: The IsMissing function is used to check whether optional Variant arguments have been passed in the procedure or not. Syntax: IsMissing(argname). The function returns a Boolean value — True if no value is passed for the optional argument, and False if a value has been passed for the optional argument. If the IsMissing function returns True for an argument, using the missing argument in the code will cause an error, and thus using this function will help in adjusting your code accordingly.

Example of using the IsMissing function to check if an argument is Missing:

Function FullName(strFirstName As String, Optional strSecondName As Variant) As String
‘The declaration of the procedure contains two arguments, the second argument is specified as Optional. Declaring the Optional argument as Variant data type will enable use of the IsMissing function.

‘The IsMissing function is used to determine whether the optional argument was passed in the procedure, and if not, you can adjust your code accordingly without returning an error.

If IsMissing(strSecondName) Then

FullName = strFirstName

Else

FullName = strFirstName & » « & strSecondName

End If

End Function

Sub GetName()

Dim strGivenName As String

strGivenName = InputBox(«Enter Given Name»)

‘specifying only the first argument & omitting the second argument which is optional:

MsgBox FullName(strGivenName)

End Sub

10.10.2007, 19:38

 [ТС]

4

Итак,если можно, функции у Nothing получается две:
1) Пометка некоторой объектной переменной (как ссылки на объект), что она
более не занята и это каким-то образом м.б. использовано в программе.Честно
говоря, я об этом как-то подзабыл, да и волновало второе.
2) Освобождение ресурсов,занимаемым объектом путем насильственного (не
дожидаясь умирания ссылок на него) его уничтожения присвоением последней
ссылке на него Nothing (ну, предполагается, мы отследили,что все др. ссылки
на него уже убиты).
Вот здесь смысл Nothing для меня ускользает. Ведь, если я хочу сам без VB
заботиться о свободе памяти, то нужно понимать , что это в даной точке
актуально, т.е., а нужно ли в данной точке проги мне освобождать память , но
тогда как (с помощью каких критериев) оценить эту необходимость — неясно!
Так нельзя ли просто не заботиться об этом (не испещряя все свои функции в
программе Set ObjVar=Nothing ) а предоставить освобождение всех ресурсов
самому VB, пусть возвращает память в кучу сам по мере умирания
сответствующих объектных переменных. Потому, что при ином подходе необходимо
всю программу , в каждой функции перепрошить упомянутыми Set ObjVar=Nothing
, это утомляет , да и забивает предметный смысл кода.
И еще. Вопрос — то, вообще говоря, был вызван моей неуверенностью (Help
попутал , в нем везде в примерах при окончании работы с объектом стоит Set
ObjVar=Nothing), возвратит ли VB память из-под объекта в кучу после выхода
из процедуры и соответственнно, умирания локальной ссылки на него
(считается, что cсылка одна была) — а как это проверить (посмотреть
свободный объем кучи) , я кстати — не знаю, Если , кто знает — подскажите !

0

Keywords we use in MS Office Excel VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) programming language. These keywords are high light in blue color in visual basic editor window. We can’t use these keywords as function name or procedure name or variable name. Keywords in VBA plays an important role in VBA Programming language. Keywords are always starts with capital letter and followed by small letters. Always start writing in small letters, automatically the first letter converts to capital letter.

Table of Contents:

• Overview
• List of Keywords in VBA
• Usage & Examples on VBA Keywords
• Use of As VBA Keyword
• Use of an Option VBA Keyword
• Use of Nothing VBA Keyword
• Instructions to Run VBA Macro Code
• Other Useful Resources

Here are the following list of keywords in VBA.

Keyword	Description
As	As keyword is used with Dim to specify the data type of a variable or argument.
ByRef	ByRef keyword is used to pass variables or arguments into procedures and functions.
ByVal	ByVal keyword is used to pass variables or arguments into procedures and functions.
Case	Case keyword is used with Select when we check conditions.
Date	Date keyword is used to define the current date.
Else	Else keyword is used in conditional statements.It is an optional part of it.
Empty	Empty keyword is used to explicitly set a variant data type variable to Empty.
Error	Error keyword is used to generate an error message.
FALSE	FALSE keyword is used to represent the value zero(0) to Boolean variable.
For	For keyword is used with the Next keyword to repeating statements.
Friend	Friend keyword is used to in class modules.
Get	Get keyword is used with the Property keyword while creating objects.
Is	Is keyword is used to compare two object variables which we used as reference.
Let	Let keyword is used with the Property keyword while creating objects.
Me	Me keyword is used in class module or userform.
New	New keyword is used while creating new instance of an object.
Next	Next keyword is used in for …Next loop
Nothing	Nothing keyword is used to an object variable to disassociate the variable from an object.
Null	Null keyword is used to represent that a variable contains no valid data.
On	On keyword is used with the Error keyword for error handling.
Option	Option keyword is used for module level settings.
Optional	Optional keyword indicates that an argument in a function is not required.
ParamArray	ParamArray keyword is used to allow a dynamic number of arguments for a function.
Private	Private keyword is used to declare a procedure which is visible in that code module.
Property	Property keyword is used with the Class keyword while creating objects.
Public	Public keyword is used to declare a procedure which is visible to entire modules.
Resume	Resume keyword is used with the On Error keyword for error handling.
Set	Set keyword is used with the Property keyword while creating objects.
Static	Static keyword is used to represent a static variable or argument
Step	Step keyword is used with the For keyword for additional increments and decrements.
String	String keyword is used to consist string variables.
Then	Then keyword is used with the If keyword in conditional statements.
To	To keyword is used with the For keyword while repeating statements.
TRUE	TRUE keyword is used to represent the value one(1) to Boolean variable.
WithEvents	WithEvents keyword is used in class modules.

Usage & Example on VBA Keywords

Let us see few sample examples and usage on VBA keywords.

Usage and Example on As VBA Keyword:

Here is usage and example on ‘As’ VBA Keyword.

Usage: The As keyword is used in the following statements.

• Dim Statement
• Function Statement
• ReDim Statement
• Sub Statement and many more statements

Example: Here is simple example on As keyword. You can notice As keyword is high lighted in blue color.

Sub As_Keyword_Example()

    'Variable Declaration
    Dim iCnt As Integer
    Dim sName As String
    Dim dDate As Date

End Sub

Use of Option VBA Keyword

Here is usage and example on ‘Option’ VBA Keyword.

Usage: The Option keyword is used in the following statements.

• Option Base Statement
• Option Explicit Statement
• Option Compare Statement and many more statements

Example: Here is simple example on Option keyword. You can notice Option keyword is high lighted in blue color.

'Set default array index to 1
Option Base 1

Note: The specified above code added at module level.

Use of Nothing VBA Keyword

Here is usage and example on ‘Nothing’ VBA Keyword.

Usage: The Nothing keyword is used in the following scenarios.

• To initialize an object variable
• To release an object variable
• Used with Set statement

Example: Here is simple example on Nothing keyword. You can notice Nothing keyword is high lighted in blue color.

Sub Nothing_Keyword_Example()

    'Variable Declaration
    Dim oWb As Object
    'Returns TRUE, because oWb varaibale not assigned to an object variable
    MsgBox oWb Is Nothing
    
    'Returns FALSE, because oWb varaibale assigned to an object variable
    Set oWb = Workbooks.Add
    MsgBox oWb Is Nothing
    
    'Returns TRUE, because oWb varaibale released from an object variable
    Set oWb = Nothing
    MsgBox oWb Is Nothing
    
End Sub

Instructions to Run VBA Macro Code or Procedure:

You can refer the following link for the step by step instructions.

Instructions to run VBA Macro Code

Other Useful Resources:

Click on the following links of the useful resources. These helps to learn and gain more knowledge.

VBA Tutorial VBA Functions List VBA Arrays VBA Text Files VBA Tables

VBA Editor Keyboard Shortcut Keys List VBA Interview Questions & Answers Blog