Не закрывается excel vba

When Application.Quit is encountered in a subroutine,
it will only stay in memory and continue to run lines under it
and will actually quit until it encounters a «Exit Sub».
When the normal «End Sub» at the primary level is encountered,
it will then also close Excel. But say if the workbook is somehow
closed before reaching the «Exit Sub», «End» or «End Sub» line, then
Excel will not close.

Solution is to create a Public variable called ToQuitNow
with initial False value
and change it to True where you want Excel to quit.
and test right after to see if it is true, then return to previous Sub level
by «Exit Sub» or «End» to quit right away,
and do the same at every subrountine level where
it is expected to return from the deeper subroutine.
When it gets back to the primary level,
then a final «Exit Sub» will actually terminates Excel.
If you do not want Excel to ask for saving changes made,
add line «ThisWorkbook.Saved = True» right after Application.Quit,
or before the final «Exit Sub» at the Primary level
and Excel will quit without saving.

Try the following test below, just run «Test»

Public ToQuitNow As Boolean

Sub Test()

ToQuitNow = False ' initialize with False value
Call SecondSub
MsgBox ("Primary level here. Back from SecondSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub 'will actually quit Excel now if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub SecondSub()

MsgBox ("SecondSub here")
Call ThirdSub
MsgBox ("SecondSub here. Back from ThirdSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub ' will return to Main level if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line from SecondSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub ThirdSub()

MsgBox ("ThirdSub here")
Call FourthSub
MsgBox ("ThirdSub here. Back from FourthSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub ' will return to SecondSub if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line from ThirdSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub FourthSub()

MsgBox ("FourthSub here")
Application.Quit
ThisWorkbook.Saved = True ' Excel will think changes already saved _
and will quit without saving
ToQuitNow = True ' activate Quit
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    MsgBox ("Quit command executed in FourthSub")
    Exit Sub ' will return to ThirdSub if True
    'Can also put in End in above line to quit right away

End If
MsgBox ("This line from FourthSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True.")
End Sub

Когда Application.Quit встречается в подпрограмме, он остается только в памяти и продолжает выполнять строки под ним и фактически завершает работу до тех пор, пока не встретит «Exit Sub». Когда встречается обычный «End Sub» на основном уровне, он также закрывает Excel. Но скажем, если рабочая книга каким-то образом закрывается до достижения строки «Exit Sub», «End» или «End Sub», Excel не закроется.

Решение состоит в том, чтобы создать общедоступную переменную с именем ToQuitNow с начальным значением False и изменить ее на True там, где вы хотите закрыть Excel. и проверьте сразу после этого, чтобы убедиться, что это правда, затем вернитесь на предыдущий подуровень с помощью «Exit Sub» или «End», чтобы выйти сразу, и сделайте то же самое на каждом уровне подпрограммы, где ожидается возврат из более глубокой подпрограммы. Когда он вернется на основной уровень, последний «Exit Sub» фактически закроет Excel. Если вы не хотите, чтобы Excel запрашивал сохранение внесенных изменений, добавьте строку «ThisWorkbook.Saved = True» сразу после Application.Quit или перед последним «Exit Sub» на начальном уровне, и Excel завершит работу без сохранения.

Попробуйте следующий тест ниже, просто запустите «Тест»

      Public ToQuitNow As Boolean

Sub Test()

ToQuitNow = False ' initialize with False value
Call SecondSub
MsgBox ("Primary level here. Back from SecondSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub 'will actually quit Excel now if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub SecondSub()

MsgBox ("SecondSub here")
Call ThirdSub
MsgBox ("SecondSub here. Back from ThirdSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub ' will return to Main level if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line from SecondSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub ThirdSub()

MsgBox ("ThirdSub here")
Call FourthSub
MsgBox ("ThirdSub here. Back from FourthSub")
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    Exit Sub ' will return to SecondSub if True
End If
MsgBox ("This line from ThirdSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True")
End Sub

Sub FourthSub()

MsgBox ("FourthSub here")
Application.Quit
ThisWorkbook.Saved = True ' Excel will think changes already saved _
and will quit without saving
ToQuitNow = True ' activate Quit
If ToQuitNow = True Then
    MsgBox ("Quit command executed in FourthSub")
    Exit Sub ' will return to ThirdSub if True
    'Can also put in End in above line to quit right away

End If
MsgBox ("This line from FourthSub will not run if ToQuitNow is True.")
End Sub

Okay, this seems long winded… but here goes.

The problem you are seeing is because there can be more than one instance of the Excel Application on a machine at a given time.

When you are manually running the file, you are likely using the default behavior, which is that when you open a workbook directly it opens in your already loaded Excel Application.

This means that when you use:

Set xlApp = GetObject(, "excel.application")

It is actually returning the current Excel.Application.
However, when you load it via the scheduled task, it generates a new Excel.Application in order to handle your task. When it calls the code I quoted it ends up referencing the Excel.Application you already had open (probably).

Since your scheduled workbook is running in a different instance of Excel.Application, when you run xlApp.Quit it only quits that other Excel and not the one actually running the code.

If you want to also close your automated Excel, you will need to add Application.Quit to the end of your sub. Yes, I do mean use both xlApp.Quit AND Application.Quit.

Now technically, you could have more than one Excel Applications open when you load the new one. If you want to close all instances of Excel, the simplest way I know would be to kill all of them via a vbscript call to a program like this which terminates all processes named excel.exe. Note I did not test this on Win 7:

Dim objWMIService, objProcess, colProcess
Dim strComputer, strProcessKill, strFilePath
strComputer = "."
strProcessKill = "'excel.exe'" 

Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _
& "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\" _
& strComputer & "rootcimv2")

Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery _
("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = " & strProcessKill)
For Each objProcess In colProcess
        objProcess.Terminate
Next
WScript.Quit

Edit: I just wanted to add that you can replicate the behavior of the scheduled task manually by doing the following:

1. Have Excel already open.
2. Navigate through your start menu and open Excel.
3. From the new instance of Excel, open your workbook.

OR

1. Have Excel already open.
2. Run the following Excel.exe [path of workbook in quotes]

Edit 2:
Due to your request, I’ve written this short vbscript file that will close all open Excel Applications without upsetting auto-recover. If you also want to avoid any, «Do you want to save …» alerts uncomment the commented section.

On Error Resume Next
Dim xlApp
Set xlApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
Do While Err.Number <> 429
    'For each wb in xlApp.Workbooks
    '    wb.saved = true
    'next
    xlApp.Quit
    Set xlApp = Nothing
    Set xlApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
Loop
Wscript.quit

To run it, just include the following at the end of your Excel VBA.

Shell "wscript.exe [path of .vbs file]"