More important word in english - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

From ‘How to Read a Page’ by I.A. Richards

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This list of important words was drawn up by British rhetorician I.A. Richards, author of several books including «Basic English and Its Uses» (1943). However, these 100 words are not a part of the simplified version of the language that he and C.K. Ogden called Basic English.

Also, we’re not talking about the 100 most frequently used words in English (a list that contains far more prepositions than nouns).

And unlike the 100 words chosen by David Crystal to tell «The Story of English,» Richards’ words are primarily significant for their meanings, not their etymologies.

Richards introduced his list of words in the book «How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading» (1942), and he called them «the most important words» for two reasons:

They cover the ideas we can least avoid using, those which are concerned in all that we do as thinking beings.
They are words we are forced to use in explaining other words because it is in terms of the ideas they cover that the meanings of other words must be given.

Here are those 100 important words:

Amount
Argument
Art
Be
Beautiful
Belief
Cause
Certain
Chance
Change
Clear
Common
Comparison
Condition
Connection
Copy
Decision
Degree
Desire
Development
Different
Do
Education
End
Event
Examples
Existence
Experience
Fact
Fear
Feeling
Fiction
Force
Form
Free
General
Get
Give
Good
Government
Happy
Have
History
Idea
Important
Interest
Knowledge
Law
Let
Level
Living
Love
Make
Material
Measure
Mind
Motion
Name
Nation
Natural
Necessary
Normal
Number
Observation
Opposite
Order
Organization
Part
Place
Pleasure
Possible
Power
Probable
Property
Purpose
Quality
Question
Reason
Relation
Representative
Respect
Responsible
Right
Same
Say
Science
See
Seem
Sense
Sign
Simple
Society
Sort
Special
Substance
Thing
Thought
True
Use
Way
Wise
Word
Work

All these words carry multiple meanings, and they can say quite different things to different readers. For that reason, Richards’ list could just as well have been labeled «The 100 Most Ambiguous Words:»

The very usefulness which gives them their importance explains their ambiguity. They are the servants of too many interests to keep to single, clearly defined jobs. Technical words in the sciences are like adzes, planes, gimlets, or razors. A word like «experience,» or «feeling,» or «true» is like a pocketknife. In good hands it will do most things—not very well. In general we will find that the more important a word is, and the more central and necessary its meanings are in our pictures of ourselves and the world, the more ambiguous and possibly deceiving the word will be.

In an earlier book, «The Making of Meaning» (1923), Richards (and co-author C.K. Ogden) had explored the fundamental notion that meaning doesn’t reside in words themselves. Rather, meaning is rhetorical: It’s fashioned out of both a verbal context (the words surrounding the words) and the experiences of the individual reader. No surprise, then, that miscommunication is often the result when the «important words» come into play.

It’s this idea of miscommunicating through language that led Richards to conclude that all of us are developing our reading skills all the time: «Whenever we use words in forming some judgment or decision, we are, in what may be a painfully sharp sense, ‘learning to read'» («How to Read a Page.»)

There are actually 103 words on Richards’ top-100 list. The bonus words, he said, are meant «to incite the reader to the task of cutting out those he sees no point in and adding any he pleases, and to discourage the notion that there is anything sacrosanct about a hundred, or any other number.»

Your List

So with those thoughts in mind, it’s now time to create a list of what you think are the most important words.

Sources

Crystal, David. «The Story of English.» St. Martin’s Press, 2012, New York.
Richards, I.A. «Basic English and Its Uses.» W.W. Norton & Co., 1943, New York.
Richards, I.A. «How to Read a Page: A Course in Effective Reading.» Beacon Press, 1942, Boston.
Ogden, C.K. and Richards, I.A. «The Making of Meaning.» Harcourt, 1923, New York.

Источник

Из статьи вы узнаете, какой объем словарного запаса у носителей языка и тех, кто учит английский, а также, какие слова стоит выучить в первую очередь.

Содержание:

1. Человек
2. Характеристики
3. Время и числа
4. Глаголы и образ жизни
5. Еда
6. Животные и природа
7. События и места
8. Дом

Словарный запас ― один из показателей уровня владения языком. Для того чтобы общаться на английском и понимать иностранцев, необязательно знать все 171 476 слова из Оксфордского словаря. Но тогда сколько?

На сайте testyourvocab.com вы можете пройти тест на определение словарного запаса с погрешностью в ±10%. Он состоит из двух этапов и занимает всего пять минут. Согласно его данным, взрослый носитель показывает результат от 20 000 до 35 000 слов, а те, кто изучает английский, набирают от 2 500 до 9 000 слов. Такие результаты включают в себя как активную, так и пассивную лексику.

Давайте узнаем, какие языковые возможности открывает тот или иной запас слов.

1 000 слов позволяют понять около 80% повседневных разговоров. Зная 1 000 слов, вы можете говорить на простые темы: завести знакомство, совершить покупки в путешествии и не растеряться в общественном транспорте.

3 000 слов позволяют понять уже около 95% большинства обычных текстов. Круг повседневных тем расширяется: вы можете более детально обсуждать бытовые и рабочие вопросы, понять общие идеи и концепции большинства статей, более свободно чувствовать себя за границей.

5 000 слов позволяют понять около 98% большинства обычных текстов. Ваш уровень достаточно высок, чтобы понять значение незнакомых слов из контекста. С таким запасом слов вы можете жить и работать в англоязычной среде. Однако вам может быть нелегко четко сформулировать свою мысль в рамках узкоспециализированных тем.

10 000 слов позволяют понять около 99% большинства текстов. Такого объема слов, как правило, достигают к уровню Proficiency. Это вершина изучения языка ― аналог словарного запаса выпускника колледжа. С таким количеством слов ваш уровень владения языком близок к уровню образованного носителя.

В процессе изучения языка большие цели эффективнее разбивать на несколько этапов, поэтому предлагаем начать с 1 000 английских слов. Мы взяли за основу 1 000 самых употребляемых английских слов, разбили их на категории и дополнили словами, важными для повседневного общения и путешествий.

Список слов включает восемь тем, каждая из которых разбита на подтемы:

Person (человек)
Characteristics (характеристики)
Time and Numbers (время и числа)
Verbs and Lifestyle (глаголы и образ жизни)
Food (еда)
Animals and Nature (животные и природа)
Events and Places (события и места)
Home (дом)

К словам даны:

американский вариант: colleague (AmE: co-worker)
форма множественного числа, если это слово-исключение: man (pl. men)
формы неправильных глаголов: speak (spoke – spoken)

О том, какие приемы использовать для быстрого запоминания слов и как приучить себя их использовать в речи, вы можете узнать из нашего бесплатного вебинара «Как учить английские слова».

Человек

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a person (pl. people)	человек, персона
a man (pl. men)	мужчина
a woman (pl. women)	женщина
a child (pl. children)	ребенок
a boy	мальчик
a girl	девочка
a friend	друг
a neighbour (AmE: a neighbor)	сосед
a name	имя, название
a surname (AmE: a last name)	фамилия
a maiden name	девичья фамилия
an address	адрес
single	холостой/незамужняя
married	женатый/замужняя
age	возраст
old	старый
young	молодой
Местоимения
I	я
you	ты, вы
we	мы
they	они
he	он
she	она
it	оно (о неодушевленном в единственном числе)
my/me	мой/мне
your/you	твой, ваш / тебе, вам
our/us	наш/нам
their/them	их/им
his/him	его/ему
her	ее/ей
its/it	его, ее / ему, ей (о неодушевленном)

Используем первую форму для указания принадлежности: my name (мое имя), his friend (его друг). Используем вторую форму после действий: help me (помоги мне), tell us (расскажи нам).

I love his sense of humour, don’t you? ― Я люблю его чувство юмора, а ты?

Family ― семья

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
parents	родители
a father	отец
a mother (AmE: a mom, BrE: a mum)	мать
a husband	муж
a wife	жена
a son	сын
a daughter	дочь
a brother	брат
a sister	сестра
a grandfather	дедушка
a grandmother	бабушка
an uncle	дядя
an aunt	тетя
a nephew	племянник
a niece	племянница
a cousin	двоюродный брат/сестра

Body ― тело

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
an arm	рука
a back	спина
a beard	борода
a bone	кость
buttocks	ягодицы
a cheek	щека
a chest	грудь
a chin	подбородок
an ear	ухо
an elbow	локоть
an eye	глаз
an eyebrow	бровь
a face	лицо
a finger	палец на руке
a foot (pl. feet)	ступня
a forehead	лоб
hair	волосы
a hand	кисть руки
a head	голова
a heart	сердце
a heel	пятка
a knee	колено
a leg	нога
lips	губы
a mouth	рот
a mustache	усы
a nail	ноготь
a neck	шея
a nose	нос
an organ	орган
a shoulder	плечо
skin	кожа
a spine	позвоночник
a stomach	живот, желудок
a throat	горло
a toe	палец на ноге
a tongue	язык
a tooth (pl. teeth)	зуб
Здоровье
blood	кровь
a bruise	синяк
cough to cough	кашель кашлять
dizziness	головокружение
fever	жар
flu	грипп
pain	боль
running nose	насморк
a spot	пятно, точка
a wound	рана
to sneeze	чихать
to hurt (hurt – hurt)	ранить, повреждать
fit	в хорошей форме
healthy	здоровый
swollen	опухший
sick	больной
fat	толстый, жирный
dead	мертвый

При описании симптомов можно использовать глагол have для I, you, we, they и has для he, she, it.

You have a terrible wound. ― У тебя ужасная рана.
She has a fever. ― У нее жар.

Используйте следующие прилагательные для описания характера и поведения человека:

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Положительные
positive	положительный
amazing	удивительный
beautiful	красивый
handsome	красивый (о мужчине)
brave	смелый
calm	спокойный
careful	осторожный
clever	умный
curious	любопытный
elegant	элегантный
energetic	энергичный
fair	справедливый, честный
fine	прекрасный, прекрасно
friendly	дружелюбный
good	хороший, добрый
happy	счастливый
hard-working	трудолюбивый
honest	честный
kind	добрый
lucky	везучий, счастливый
nice	милый, хороший, приятный
polite	вежливый
talented	талантливый
Нейтральные
neutral	нейтральный
average	средний
boring	скучный
busy	занятой
clumsy	неуклюжий
dear	дорогой
different	другой, разный
difficult	трудный, тяжелый
easy	легкий, нетрудный
embarrassed	смущенный
famous	знаменитый
important	важный
impossible	невозможный
interesting	интересный
real	настоящий
rich	богатый
new	новый
modern	современный
Отрицательные
negative	отрицательный
angry	сердитый
annoying	раздражающий
awful	ужасный, отвратительный
bad	плохой
crazy	безумный, сумасшедший
dangerous	опасный
jealous	ревнивый
lazy	ленивый
nervous	нервный
poor	бедный, плохой (язык, знания)
rude	грубый

Job ― работа

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
an accountant	бухгалтер
an actor/actress	актер/актриса
an artist	художник
a boss	босс
a businessman (pl. businessmen)	бизнесмен
a chief	руководитель, главный
a client	клиент
a colleague (AmE: a co-worker)	коллега
a doctor	врач
a driver	водитель
an engineer	инженер
a flight attendant	стюардесса, бортпроводник
a journalist	журналист
a lawyer	адвокат, юрист
a lifeguard	спасатель
a mechanic	механик
a musician	музыкант
a nanny	няня
a nurse	медсестра
a pilot	пилот
a plumber	сантехник
a policeman (pl. policemen)	полицейский
a pupil	школьник
a shop assistant	продавец
a student	студент
a teacher	учитель
a waiter/waitress	официант/официантка
a worker	рабочий
Описание рабочих задач
an area	область, сфера, район
a case	дело
a circumstance	обстоятельство
a decision	решение
a duty	обязанность
a goal	цель
a list to list	список перечислять
an opportunity	возможность
a problem	проблема
a permit	разрешение (на въезд/выезд/проживание)
a reason	причина
a result	результат
success	успех
a task	задача, задание

Clothes ― одежда

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a belt	пояс, ремень
a blouse	блузка
a boot	сапог, ботинок
a cap	кепка
a cardigan	кардиган, кофта
a coat	пальто
a dress to dress	платье одевать(ся)
a glove	перчатка
a hat	шляпа
a hood	капюшон
a jacket	жакет, пиджак, куртка
a jeans	джинсы
pyjamas (AmE: pajamas)	пижама
a scarf	шарф
a shirt	рубашка
shoes	обувь
shorts	шорты
a skirt	юбка
a sock	носок
a suit to suit	костюм идти к лицу
a sweater	свитер
a tie	галстук
tights	колготы
trainers (AmE: sneakers)	кроссовки
trousers (AmE: pants)	штаны
a T-shirt	футболка
an underwear	нижнее белье
a bracelet	браслет
an earring	сережка
glasses	очки
a necklace	ожерелье
a purse	дамская сумка, кошелек
a wallet	бумажник

Запишитесь на бесплатный пробный урок и начните учить английский с одним из наших опытных преподавателей.

Характеристики

Colour (AmE: color) ― цвет

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
red	красный
orange	оранжевый
yellow	желтый
green	зеленый
blue	голубой, синий
purple	фиолетовый
pink	розовый
brown	коричневый
black	черный
grey	серый
white	белый
bright	яркий
colourful	цветной
dark	темный
light	светлый, легкий

Properties ― свойства

Слова из следующей таблицы пригодятся для описания формы и характеристик предметов и явлений.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a circle	круг
round	округлый
a square square	квадрат квадратный
straight	прямой, ровный
a wheel	колесо
distance	расстояние
size	размер
speed	скорость
strength	сила
a lot of	много
many	много (с исчисляемыми существительными в отрицаниях и вопросах)
much	много (с неисчисляемыми существительными в отрицаниях и вопросах)
few	мало (с исчисляемыми существительными)
little	мало (с неисчисляемыми существительными)
less	меньше, менее
more	больше, более
some	несколько, некоторое количество (в утверждениях)
any	несколько, некоторое количество (в отрицаниях и вопросах), какой-нибудь
a pair	пара (вещей, объектов)
a part	часть
a piece	кусок, часть
big	большой
far	далекий
fast	быстрый, быстро
hard	твердый, трудный, жесткий, усердно
heavy	тяжелый
high	высокий (об объектах)
large	большой, просторный
long	длинный, долгий
loud	громкий
low	низкий, низко
narrow	узкий
near	близкий
noisy	шумный
powerful	мощный
quick	быстрый
quiet	тихий
short	низкий, короткий

Слова из следующей таблицы подойдут для описания особенностей процессов и характеристик.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
again	снова
all	все, весь
almost	почти
each	каждый (по отдельности)
enough	достаточно
every	каждый
only	только
than	чем (в сравнениях)
together	вместе
too	тоже, слишком
very	очень

Время и числа

Number ― число, номер

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
zero	ноль
one	один
two	два
three	три
four	четыре
five	пять
six	шесть
seven	семь
eight	восемь
nine	девять
ten	десять
eleven	одиннадцать
twelve	двенадцать
thirteen	тринадцать
fourteen	четырнадцать
fifteen	пятнадцать
sixteen	шестнадцать
seventeen	семнадцать
eighteen	восемнадцать
nineteen	девятнадцать
twenty	двадцать
thirty	тридцать
forty	сорок
fifty	пятьдесят
sixty	шестьдесят
seventy	семьдесят
eighty	восемьдесят
ninety	девяносто
hundred	сто
thousand	тысяча
million	миллион

Order ― порядок

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
first	первый
second	второй
third	третий
fourth	четвертый
fifth	пятый

Обратите внимание! С порядковыми числительными используем артикль the.

This is the first victory in his career. ― Это первая победа в его карьере.

Time ― время

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Время года
a season	сезон, время года
winter	зима
spring	весна
summer	лето
autumn (AmE: fall)	осень
Месяц
a month	месяц
January	январь
February	февраль
March	март
April	апрель
May	май
June	июнь
July	июль
August	август
September	сентябрь
October	октябрь
November	ноябрь
December	декабрь
День
a day	день
Monday	понедельник
Tuesday	вторник
Wednesday	среда
Thursday	четверг
Friday	пятница
Saturday	суббота
Sunday	воскресенье
yesterday	вчера
today	сегодня
now	сейчас, теперь
morning	утро
afternoon	день (после полудня)
evening	вечер
night	ночь
tonight	сегодня вечером, ночью
midnight	полночь
tomorrow	завтра
Время
a second	секунда
a minute	минута
an hour	час
a week	неделя
a year	год
a century	век

Для описания временных промежутков используйте следующую лексику.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
ago	назад (например, 2 дня назад)
early	ранний, рано
last	последний, прошлый
late	поздний, поздно, опоздавший
next	следующий (год, неделя)
after	после
before	до
during	во время
for	для, в течение (времени)
since	с (определенного времени)
then	затем, потом, тогда
always	всегда
never	никогда
often	часто
sometimes	иногда
soon	скоро
usually	обычно
already	уже
just	только что, просто
yet	еще не
probably	вероятно
really	действительно
will	для образования будущего времени

Money ― деньги

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a bill	счет
cash	наличка
discount	скидка
price	цена
tip	чаевые
cheap	дешевый
expensive	дорогой (о цене)
free	бесплатный, свободный

Глаголы и образ жизни

Hobby ― хобби, увлечение

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
art	искусство
a film (AmE: a movie)	фильм
literature	литература
music	музыка
a photo	фото
a picture	картина, фотография
a song	песня
a story	история, рассказ
to act	играть (на сцене) вести себя
to build (built – built)	строить
to create	создавать
a dance to dance	танец танцевать
to do (did – done)	делать
to draw (drew – drawn)	рисовать
to listen	слушать
to make (made – made)	делать, изготавливать
a play to play	спектакль играть
to read (read – read)	читать
to sing (sang – sung)	петь
to swim (swam – swum)	плавать
to teach (taught – taught)	учить, преподавать
to write (wrote – written)	писать

Обратите внимание! Мы используем вторую форму глагола для прошедшего времени, а третью форму можем в некоторых случаях употреблять как характеристику. Например: he drew (он рисовал), a drawn rose (нарисованная роза).

Travel ― путешествие

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a backpack	рюкзак
a bag	сумка
a card	открытка, карточка (банковская)
a delay to delay	задержка задерживать
a destination	пункт назначения
a luggage (AmE: a baggage)	багаж
a map	карта
a suitcase	чемодан
a ticket	билет
a bicycle	велосипед
a bus	автобус
a car	автомобиль
a plane	самолет
a ship	корабль
a taxi (AmE: a cab)	такси
a train	поезд
a tram (AmE: a trolley)	трамвай
insurance	страховка

Часто с общественным транспортом употребляется глагол to take: to take a bus (сесть на автобус), to take a train (поехать на поезде).

Хотите уверенно себя чувствовать, общаясь с иностранцами? Записывайтесь на курс «Английский для путешествий».

Movement ― движение

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
to arrive	прибывать
to bring (brought – brought)	приносить
to catch (caught – caught)	ловить
to come (came – come)	приходить
to drive (drove – driven)	водить (транспорт)
to drop	ронять
to fall (fell – fallen)	падать
to finish	заканчивать
to fly (flew – flown)	летать
to go (went – gone)	идти, уезжать
to grow (grew – grown)	расти
to happen	случаться
to jump	прыгать
to land	приземляться
to leave (left – left)	покидать, оставлять, уходить
to move	двигаться
to pass	проходить
to pull	тянуть
to push	толкать
to put (put – put)	положить, класть
to ride (rode – ridden)	ездить верхом (на лошади, велосипеде)
to run (ran – run)	бежать
to stand (stood – stood)	стоять
to start	начинать
to stay	оставаться
to stop	останавливаться
to take (took – taken)	брать
to throw (threw – thrown)	бросать
to travel	путешествовать
to turn	поворачивать
to walk	идти пешком, гулять

Life ― жизнь

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
to add	добавлять
to be (was/were – been)	быть
to become (became – become)	становиться
to begin (began – begun)	начинать
to break (broke – broken)	ломать
to buy (bought – bought)	покупать
to change	менять
to check	проверять
to choose (chose – chosen)	выбирать
to close	закрывать
to continue	продолжать
to control	контролировать
to cook	готовить
to cost (cost – cost)	стоить
to cut (cut – cut)	резать
to develop	развивать
to drink (drank – drunk)	пить
to eat (ate – eaten)	есть, кушать
to feed (fed – fed)	кормить
to find (found – found)	находить
to get (got – got)	получать, добывать
to give (gave – given)	давать
to have (had – had)	иметь, обладать
to hold (held – held)	держать
to keep (kept – kept)	хранить, продолжать
to kill	убивать
to live	жить
to look	выглядеть
to open	открывать
to order	заказывать
to pay	платить
to plan	планировать
to put on	надевать
to rest	отдыхать
to ring (rang – rung)	звенеть, звонить
to risk	рисковать
to save	спасать, сохранять
to sell (sold – sold)	продавать
to send (sent – sent)	отправлять
to shave	бриться
to show (showed – shown)	показывать
to sign	подписывать
to sit (sat – sat)	сидеть
to sleep (slept – slept)	спать
to smoke	курить
to spend (spent – spent)	проводить (время), тратить
to take off	снимать (одежду) взлетать (о самолете)
to try	пытаться
to use	использовать
to visit	посещать
to wait	ждать
to wake up (woke – woken)	просыпаться
to wash	мыть, стирать
to watch	смотреть, наблюдать
to wear (wore – worn)	носить (одежду)
to work	работать

Interaction ― взаимодействие, общение

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
yes	да
no	нет
not	не
hi	привет
hello	здравствуйте
sorry	извините (просим прощения)
excuse me	извините (просим разрешение)
please	пожалуйста, прошу
thank you	спасибо
you are welcome	не за что
bye	пока
maybe	может быть
would like to	хотелось бы (сделать что-то)
to agree	соглашаться
to answer	отвечать
to argue	спорить, ругаться
to ask	спрашивать
to call	звонить, звать, называть
to complain	жаловаться
to describe	описывать
to discuss	обсуждать
to disturb	беспокоить
to explain	объяснять
to fight (fought – fought)	драться
to forgive (forgave – forgiven)	прощать
to help	помогать
to hit (hit – hit)	ударять
to join	присоединяться
to joke	шутить
to lie	обманывать, врать
to meet (met – met)	встречать
to offer	предлагать
to protect	защищать
to say (said – said)	сказать
to share	делиться
to speak (spoke – spoken)	разговаривать
to support	поддерживать
to surprise	удивлять
to talk	разговаривать
to tell (told – told)	рассказывать

Следующие союзы и вопросительные слова ― отличные помощники, если нужно узнать или объяснить причину, результат, ситуацию в целом.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
also	также
and	и
because	потому что
because of	из-за
but	но
if	если
or	или
so	итак, таким образом, поэтому
what	что, какой
who	кто
when	когда
where	где, куда
how	как, каким образом
why	почему, зачем

Emotions ― эмоции

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
fear	страх
fun	веселье
passion	страсть
peace	мир
pleasure	удовольствие
to cry	плакать, кричать
to enjoy	наслаждаться
to laugh	смеяться
to like	нравиться
to love	любить
to miss	скучать
to need	нуждаться
to smile	улыбаться
to want	хотеть
to worry	беспокоиться

Senses ― чувства

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
to feel (felt – felt)	чувствовать
to hear (heard – heard)	слышать
to see (saw – seen)	видеть
to smell (smelt – smelt)	нюхать, иметь запах
to taste	пробовать, иметь вкус

Thinking ― мышление

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
behavior	поведение
choice	выбор
experience	опыт
habit	привычка
language	язык
meaning	значение, смысл
memory	память, воспоминание
soul	душа
to believe	верить
to compare	сравнивать
to count	считать
to decide	принимать решение
to dream (dreamt – dreamt)	мечтать, видеть сон
to expect	ожидать
to forget (forgot – forgotten)	забывать
to hope	надеяться
to know (knew – known)	знать
to learn (learnt – learnt)	учить, изучать
to let (let – let)	позволять (сделать что-то)
to remember	помнить
to solve	решать (проблему, задачу)
to think (thought – thought)	думать, считать

Study ― учеба

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a book	книга
a calendar	календарь
a notebook	тетрадь
a dictionary	словарь
an exercise	упражнение
information	информация
knowledge	знание
a lesson	урок
a letter	буква, письмо
a mistake	ошибка
a note	записка, запись
a page	страница
paper	бумага
a pen	ручка
a pencil	карандаш
science	наука
scissors	ножницы
a test	тест
a word	слово

Modal verbs ― модальные глаголы

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
can	уметь, мочь (сделать что-то)
have to	быть вынужденным (сделать что-то)
may	иметь разрешение (сделать что-то)
must	быть должным, обязанным (сделать что-то)
should	должен, следует (сделать что-то)

Еда

Давайте ознакомимся с самыми популярными английскими словами, которые связаны с приготовлением и приемом пищи.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Приготовление
full	сытый, полный
hungry	голодный
delivery	доставка
baked	запеченный
boiled	вареный
fried	жареный
ready	готовый
Вкус
bitter	горький
delicious	очень вкусный
salty	соленый
sour	кислый
spicy	острый
sweet	сладкий
Приемы пищи
a meal	прием пищи
breakfast	завтрак
lunch	обед
dinner	ужин
snack	перекус
Блюда
a dish	блюдо
noodles	лапша
porridge	каша
salad	салат
a sandwich	бутерброд
soup	суп

Products ― продукты

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Фрукты и овощи
fruit	фрукты
vegetables	овощи
an apple	яблоко
an apricot	абрикос
a banana	банан
a berry	ягода
a cherry	вишня
a cucumber	огурец
grapes	виноград
a lemon	лимон
a mandarin	мандарин
a mango	манго
a melon	дыня
a peach	персик
a pear	груша
a pineapple	ананас
a plum	слива
a pumpkin	тыква
a raspberry	малина
a strawberry	клубника
a tomato	помидор
a watermelon	арбуз
an aubergine (AmE: an eggplant)	баклажан
beans	бобы, фасоль
a beetroot	свекла
a bell pepper	болгарский перец
a cabbage	капуста
a carrot	морковь
corn	кукуруза
a courgette (AmE: a zucchini)	кабачок
garlic	чеснок
an onion	лук
a mushroom	гриб
potato	картофель
Молочные продукты
dairy	молочные продукты
butter	масло
cheese	сыр
cream	крем, сливки
curd	творог
milk	молоко
yogurt	йогурт
Мясо
a cutlet	котлета
meat	мясо
beef	говядина
chicken	курица, цыпленок
fish	рыба
duck	утка
ham	ветчина
lamb	баранина, ягненок
pork	свинина
sausage	колбаса, сосиска
seafood	морепродукты
Десерты
dessert	десерт
biscuit (AmE: cookie)	печенье
a bun	булочка
a cake	торт
chocolate	шоколад
honey	мед
ice cream	мороженое
jam	варенье
a pie	пирог
Другие продукты
bread	хлеб
an egg	яйцо
flour	мука
a nut	орех
oatmeal	овсянка
oil	растительное масло
pepper	перец
rice	рис
salt	соль
sauce	соус
spices	специи
sugar	сахар
Напитки
a drink	напиток
coffee	кофе
juice	сок
soda	газировка
tea	чай
water	вода
wine	вино

Dishes ― посуда

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a bottle	бутылка
a glass	стакан, стекло
a cup	чашка
a kettle	чайник
a bowl	глубокая тарелка, миска
a plate	тарелка
a fork	вилка
a knife	нож
a spoon	ложка
a frying pan	сковородка
a pan	кастрюля
a napkin	салфетка

Хотите говорить свободно на английском и понимать своего собеседника? Тогда записывайтесь на интенсивный разговорный курс.

Животные и природа

Растительный и животный мир планеты невероятно разнообразен. Однако в таблице вы встретите лишь наиболее популярных представителей флоры и фауны.

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Животные
an animal	животное
an ant	муравей
a bear	медведь
a bee	пчела
a bird	птица
a cat	кот, кошка
a cockroach	таракан
a cow	корова
a dog	собака
a elephant	слон
a fox	лиса
a frog	лягушка
a giraffe	жираф
a goose (pl. geese)	гусь
a horse	лошадь
an insect	насекомое
a lion a lioness	лев львица
a monkey	обезьяна
a mouse (pl. mice)	мышь
a pig	свинья
a rabbit	заяц
a rat	крыса
a snake	змея
a spider	паук
a squirrel	белка
Растения
a plant	растение
a bush	куст
a flower	цветок
grass	трава
a leaf	лист
a tree	дерево

Поговорить о природных красотах и погодных условиях вы сможете с помощью следующих слов:

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
Природа
nature	природа
a beach	пляж
a coast	морское побережье
a field	поле
fire	огонь, пожар
a forest	лес
an island	остров
a lake	озеро
a mountain	гора
the ocean	океан
a river	река
sand	песок
the sea	море
a stone	камень
a world	мир (планета)
Погода
air	воздух
degree	градус
moon	луна
sky	небо
sun	солнце
temperature	температура
weather	погода
clear	ясный
cloudy	облачный
cold	холодный, холодно
cool	прохладный, прохладно
foggy	туманный
hot	горячий, жаркий, жарко
rainy	дождливый, дождливо
snowy	снежный, снежно
warm	тепло, теплый
windy	ветрено

Употребляйте конструкцию it is, когда говорите о погоде: it is cloudy (облачно), it is cold (холодно).

События и места

В следующих таблицах собраны слова, связанные с популярными праздниками, городскими мероприятиями и семейными событиями.

Events ― события, мероприятия

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a birthday	день рождения
Christmas	Рождество
death	смерть
Easter	Пасха
a game	игра
a holiday (AmE: a vacation)	праздник, каникулы, отпуск
a meeting	встреча, собрание
New Year’s Eve	канун Нового года
a party	вечеринка
a wedding	свадьба
a balloon	воздушный шар
a box	коробка, боксировать
a guest	гость
an invitation	приглашение
a present	подарок
a toy	игрушка

Place ― место

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a country	страна
customs	таможня
a city	город
a town	небольшой город, городок
a village	деревня
an airport	аэропорт
a bank	банк
a bridge	мост
a building	здание
a café	кафе
a centre (AmE: a center)	центр (города)
a church	церковь
a cinema	кинотеатр
a company	компания, фирма
entrance	вход
exit	выход
a factory	фабрика, завод
garbage	мусор
a hospital	больница
a hotel	гостиница
an intersection	перекресток, точка пересечения
a market	рынок
an office	офис
a park	парк
a pavement (AmE: a sidewalk)	тротуар
a pharmacy (AmE: a drug store)	аптека
a police	полиция
a post office	почта
a restaurant	ресторан
a road	дорога
a school	школа
a shop (AmE: a store)	магазин
a station	станция, вокзал
a street	улица
a theatre (AmE: a theater)	театр
a university	университет
clean	чистый
comfortable	удобный, уютный
crowded	людный, переполненный
dirty	грязный
main	основной, главный
this/these	этот/эти
that/those	тот/те
left	левый, налево
right	правый, направо
here	тут, сюда
there	там, туда
down	вниз
up	вверх
about	о, около, примерно
above	над
against	против
behind	сзади, позади
between	между
from	из
in	в
in front of	впереди
on	на
through	через, сквозь
to	по направлению к
under	под
with	с
without	без

Используйте конструкции there is и there are, когда говорите о местоположении людей или объектов: there is a church (здесь есть церковь).

Дом

Home ― место проживания

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a flat (AmE: an apartment)	квартира
a house	дом (помещение)
a balcony	балкон
a bathroom	ванная
a bedroom	спальня
a curtain	штора
a door	дверь
a fence	забор
a floor	пол, этаж
a hall	коридор
a kitchen	кухня
a living room	гостиная, зал
a roof	крыша
a room	комната
a shower	душ
a sink	раковина
a socket	розетка
stairs	лестница, ступеньки
a toilet	туалет
a wall	стена
a window	окно
a yard	двор
Мебель
furniture	мебель
an armchair	кресло
a bed	кровать
a chair	стул
a shelf	полка
a sofa	диван
a table	стол
a wardrobe (AmE: a closet)	шкаф

Device ― прибор, устройство

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a battery	батарейка, аккумулятор
a camera	камера
a computer	компьютер
a fridge	холодильник
an iron	утюг
a keyboard	клавиатура
a lamp	лампа
a laptop	ноутбук
a microwave	микроволновка
an oven	печь, духовка
a phone	телефон
a radio	радио
a cooker (AmE: a stove)	кухонная плита
a TV	телевизор
a wire	провод

Thing ― вещь

Слово/Словосочетание	Перевод
a ball	мяч, шар
a blanket	одеяло
a carpet	ковер
a key	ключ, клавиша
a magazine	журнал
mail	почта
a mirror	зеркало
a newspaper	газета
a package	упаковка, посылка
a pillow	подушка
a sheet	простыня
a soap	мыло
a towel	полотенце
a vase	ваза

Если вы хотите чувствовать себя максимально подготовленными к общению на английском, мы предлагаем вам дополнительно ознакомиться с нашими статьями-разговорниками, посвященными таким темам: пребывание в отеле, городской транспорт, прогулка по городу, посещение ресторана и кафе.

Теперь вы знаете 1 000 самых употребляемых слов в английском языке. Однако недостаточно просто знать слова, ведь их важно уметь правильно связывать в предложения. Здесь вам не обойтись без знания правил грамматики ― для этого читайте грамматические статьи в нашем блоге.

Скачать список слов по теме «1 000 самых важных слов английского языка» (*.pdf, 609 Кб)

Источник

A research has found that there are 570 words which form the basis of academic English. These words and their variations are the most important English words which have to be understood for a proper comprehension of academic English.

The Academic Word List, a list of 570 headwords, was published by the Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand in 2000. The words in the Academic Word List came from a research based on academic texts from 28 different subject areas. These are the highest-frequency words in any academic text. In other words, they are the most common words in academic English.

In general, if you are reading or listening to academic topics (like the reading passages in IELTS or PTE tests), 10 percent of the words will be from this list.

That means, unless you know the meaning of the words in the list, you would not be able to understand one out of every ten words in academic English.

Alternately, you should learn to use these around 500 most important English words in your own writing or speaking to boost your vocabulary score.

In the Academic World List, the 570 most important English words have been divided into 10 sublists according to frequency of use.

The words below a headword are derivatives of that word.

Words in italics are the most common words in any word family.

Sublist 1

The most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

analyse
analysed, analyser, analysers, analyses, analyzing, analysis, analyst, analysts, analytic, analytical, analytically, analyze, analyzed, analyzes, analyzing

approach
approachable, approached, approaches, approaching, unapproachable

area
areas

assess
assessable, assessed, assesses, assessing, assessment, assessments, reassess, reassessed, reassessing, reassessment

assume
assumed, assumes, assuming, assumption, assumptions

authority
authoritative, authorities

available
availability, unavailable

benefit
beneficial, beneficiary, beneficiaries, benefited, benefiting, benefits

concept
conception, concepts, conceptual, conceptualisation, conceptualise, conceptualised, conceptualises, conceptualising, conceptually

consist
consisted, consistency, consistent, consistently, consisting, consists, inconsistencies, inconsistency, inconsistent

constitute
constituencies, constituency, constituent, constituents, constituted, constitutes, constituting, constitution, constitutions, constitutional, constitutionally, constitutive, unconstitutional

context
contexts, contextual, contextualise, contextualised, contextualising, uncontextualised, contextualize, contextualized, contextualizing, uncontextualized

contract
contracted, contracting, contractor, contractors, contracts

create
created, creates, creating, creation, creations, creative, creatively, creativity, creator, creators, recreate, recreated, recreates, recreating

data

define
definable, defined, defines, defining, definition, definitions, redefine, redefined, redefines, redefining, undefined

derive
derivation, derivations, derivative, derivatives, derived, derives, deriving

distribute
distributed, distributing, distribution, distributional, distributions, distributive, distributor, distributors, redistribute, redistributed, redistributes, redistributing, redistribution

economy
economic, economical, economically, economics, economies, economist, economists, uneconomical

environment
environmental, environmentalist, environmentalists, environmentally, environments

establish
disestablish, disestablished, disestablishes, disestablishing, disestablishment, established, establishes, establishing, establishment, establishments

estimate
estimated, estimates, estimating, estimation, estimations, over-estimate, overestimate, overestimated, overestimates, overestimating, underestimate, underestimated, underestimates, underestimating

evident
evidenced, evidence, evidential, evidently

export
exported, exporter, exporters, exporting, exports

factor
factored, factoring, factors

finance
financed, finances, financial, financially, financier, financiers, financing

formula
formulae, formulas, formulate, formulated, formulating, formulation, formulations, reformulate, reformulated, reformulating, reformulation, reformulations

function
functional, functionally, functioned, functioning, functions

identify
identifiable, identification, identified, identifies, identifying, identities, identity, unidentifiable

income
incomes

indicate
indicated, indicates, indicating, indication, indications, indicative, indicator, indicators

individual
individualized, individuality, individualism, individualist, individualists, individualistic, individually, individuals

interpret
interpretation, interpretations, interpretative, interpreted, interpreting, interpretive, interprets, misinterpret, misinterpretation, misinterpretations, misinterpreted, misinterpreting, misinterprets, reinterpret, reinterpreted, reinterprets, reinterpreting, reinterpretation, reinterpretations

involve
involved, involvement, involves, involving, uninvolved

issue
issued, issues, issuing

labour
labor, laboured, labours, laboured, labouring, labours

legal
illegal, illegality, illegally, legality, legally

legislate
legislated, legislates, legislating, legislation, legislative, legislator, legislators, legislature

major
majorities, majority

method
methodical, methodological, methodologies, methodology, methods

occur
occurred, occurrence, occurrences, occurring, occurs, reoccur, reoccurred, reoccurring, reoccurs

percent
percentage, percentages

period
periodic, periodical, periodically, periodicals, periods

policy
policies

principle
principled, principles, unprincipled

proceed
procedural, procedure, procedures, proceeded, proceeding, proceedings, proceeds

process
processed, processes, processing

require
required, requirement, requirements, requires, requiring

research
researched, researcher, researchers, researches, researching

respond
responded, respondent, respondents, responding, responds, response, responses, responsive, responsiveness, unresponsive

role
roles

section
sectioned, sectioning, sections

sector
sectors

significant
insignificant, insignificantly, significance, significantly, signified, signifies, signify, signifying

similar
dissimilar, similarities, similarity, similarly

source
sourced, sources, sourcing

specific
specifically, specification, specifications, specificity, specifics

structure
restructure, restructured, restructures, restructuring, structural, structurally, structured, structures, structuring, unstructured

theory
theoretical, theoretically, theories, theorist, theorists

vary
invariable, invariably, variability, variable, variables, variably, variance, variant, variants, variation, variations, varied, varies, varying

Sublist 2

The second-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

achieve
achievable, achieved, achievement, achievements, achieves, achieving

acquire
acquired, acquires, acquiring, acquisition, acquisitions

administration
administrates, administrate, administrations, administrative, administratively, administrator, administrators

affect
affected, affecting, affective, affectively, affects, unaffected

appropriate
appropriacy, appropriately, appropriateness, inappropriacy, inappropriate, inappropriately

aspect
aspects

assist
assistance, assistant, assistants, assisted, assisting, assists, unassisted

category
categories, categorisation, categorise, categorised, categorises, categorizing, categorization, categorized, categorizes, categorizing

chapter
chapters

commission
commissioned, commissioner, commissioners, commissioning, commissions

community
communities

complex
complexities, complexity

compute
computation, computational, computations, computable, computer, computed, computerised, computers, computing

conclude
concluded, concludes, concluding, conclusion, conclusions, conclusive, conclusively, inconclusive, inconclusively

conduct
conducted, conducting, conducts

consequent
consequence, consequences, consequently

construct
constructed, constructing, construction, constructions, constructive, constructs, reconstruct, reconstructed, reconstructing, reconstruction, reconstructs

consume
consumed, consumer, consumers, consumes, consuming, consumption

credit
credited, crediting, creditor, creditors, credits

culture
cultural, culturally, cultured, cultures, uncultured

design
designed, designer, designers, designing, designs

distinct
distinction, distinctions, distinctive, distinctively, distinctly, indistinct, indistinctly

element
elements

equate
equated, equates, equating, equation, equations

evaluate
evaluated, evaluates, evaluating, evaluation, evaluations, evaluative, re-evaluate, re-evaluated, re-evaluates, re-evaluating, re-evaluation

feature
featured, features, featuring

final
finalise, finalised, finalises, finalising, finalize, finalized, finalizes, finalizing, finality, finally, finals

focus
focused, focuses, focusing, focussed, focussing, refocus, refocused, refocuses, refocusing, refocussed, refocusses, refocussing

impact
impacted, impacting, impacts

injure
injured, injures, injuries, injuring, injury, uninjured

institute
instituted, institutes, instituting, institution, institutional, institutionalise, institutionalised, institutionalises, institutionalising, institutionalized, institutionalizes, institutionalizing, institutionally, institutions

invest
invested, investing, investment, investments, investor, investors, invests, reinvest, reinvested, reinvesting, reinvestment, reinvests

item
itemisation, itemise, itemised, itemises, itemising, items

journal
journals

maintain
maintained, maintaining, maintains, maintenance

normal
abnormal, abnormally, normalisation, normalise, normalised, normalises, normalising, normalization, normalize, normalized, normalizes, normalizing, normality, normally

obtain
obtainable, obtained, obtaining, obtains, unobtainable

participate
participant, participants, participated, participates, participating, participation, participatory

perceive
perceived, perceives, perceiving, perception, perceptions

positive
positively

potential
potentially

previous
previously

primary
primarily

purchase
purchased, purchaser, purchasers, purchases, purchasing

range
ranged, ranges, ranging

region
regional, regionally, regions

regulate
deregulated, deregulates, deregulating, deregulation, regulated, regulates, regulating, regulation, regulations, regulator, regulators, regulatory, unregulated

relevant
irrelevance, irrelevant, relevance

reside
resided, residence, resident, residential, residents, resides, residing

resource
resourced, resourceful, resources, resourcing, unresourceful, under-resourced

restrict
restricted, restricting, restriction, restrictions, restrictive, restrictively, restricts, unrestricted, unrestrictive

secure
insecure, insecurities, insecurity, secured, securely, secures, securing, securities, security

seek
seeking, seeks, sought

select
selected, selecting, selection, selections, selective, selectively, selector, selectors, selects

site
sites

strategy
strategic, strategies, strategically, strategist, strategists

survey
surveyed, surveying, surveys

text
texts, textual

tradition
non-traditional, traditional, traditionalist, traditionally, traditions

transfer
transferable, transference, transferred, transferring, transfers

Sublist 3

The third-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

alternative
alternatively, alternatives

circumstance
circumstances

comment
commentaries, commentary, commentator, commentators, commented, commenting, comments

compensate
compensated, compensates, compensating, compensation, compensations, compensatory

component
componentry, components

consent
consensus, consented, consenting, consents

considerable
considerably

constant
constancy, constantly, constants, inconstancy, inconstantly

constrain
constrained, constraining, constrains, constraint, constraints, unconstrained

contribute
contributed, contributes, contributing, contribution, contributions, contributor, contributors

convene
convention, convenes, convened, convening, conventional, conventionally, conventions, unconventional

coordinate
coordinated, coordinates, coordinating, coordination, coordinator, coordinators, co-ordinate, co-ordinated, co-ordinates, co-ordinating, co-ordination, co-ordinator, co-ordinators

core
cores, coring, cored

corporate
corporates, corporation, corporations

correspond
corresponded, correspondence, corresponding, correspondingly, corresponds

criteria
criterion

deduce
deduced, deduces, deducing, deduction, deductions

demonstrate
demonstrable, demonstrably, demonstrated, demonstrates, demonstrating, demonstration, demonstrations, demonstrative, demonstratively, demonstrator, demonstrators

document
documentation, documented, documenting, documents

dominate
dominance, dominant, dominated, dominates, dominating, domination

emphasis
emphasise, emphasised, emphasising, emphasize, emphasized, emphasizes, emphasizing, emphatic, emphatically

ensure
ensured, ensures, ensuring

exclude
excluded, excludes, excluding, exclusion, exclusionary, exclusionist, exclusions, exclusive, exclusively

framework
frameworks

fund
funded, funder, funders, funding, funds

illustrate
illustrated, illustrates, illustrating, illustration, illustrations, illustrative

immigrate
immigrant, immigrants, immigrated, immigrates, immigrating, immigration

imply
implied, implies, implying

initial
initially

instance
instances

interact
interacted, interacting, interaction, interactions, interactive, interactively, interacts

justify
justifiable, justifiably, justification, justifications, justified, justifies, justifying, unjustified

layer
layered, layering, layers

link
linkage, linkages, linked, linking, links

locate
located, locating, location, locations, relocate, relocated, relocates, relocating, relocation

maximise
max, maximised, maximises, maximising, maximisation, maximize, maximized, maximizes, maximizing, maximization, maximum

minor
minorities, minority, minors

negate
negative, negated, negates, negating, negatively, negatives

outcome
outcomes

partner
partners, partnership, partnerships

philosophy
philosopher, philosophers, philosophical, philosophically, philosophies, philosophise, philosophised, philosophises, philosophising, philosophize, philosophized, philosophizes, philosophizing

physical
physically

proportion
disproportion, disproportionate, disproportionately, proportional, proportionally, proportionate, proportionately, proportions

publish
published, publisher, publishers, publishes, publishing, unpublished

react
reacted, reacts, reacting, reaction, reactionaries, reactionary, reactions, reactive, reactivate, reactivation, reactor, reactors

register
deregister, deregistered, deregistering, deregisters, deregistration, registered, registering, registers, registration

rely
reliability, reliable, reliably, reliance, reliant, relied, relies, relying, unreliable

remove
removable, removal, removals, removed, removes, removing

scheme
schematic, schematically, schemed, schemes, scheming

sequence
sequenced, sequences, sequencing, sequential, sequentially

sex
sexes, sexism, sexual, sexuality, sexually

shift
shifted, shifting, shifts

specify
specifiable, specified, specifies, specifying, unspecified

sufficient
sufficiency, insufficient, insufficiently, sufficiently

task
tasks

technical
technically

technique
techniques

technology
technological, technologically

valid
invalidate, invalidity, validate, validated, validating, validation, validity, validly

volume
volumes, vol

Sublist 4

The fourth-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

access
accessed, accesses, accessibility, accessible, accessing, inaccessible

adequate
adequacy, adequately, inadequacies, inadequacy, inadequate, inadequately

annual
annually

apparent
apparently

approximate
approximated, approximately, approximates, approximating, approximation, approximations

attitude
attitudes

attribute
attributable, attributed, attributes, attributing, attribution

civil

code
coded, codes, coding

commit
commitment, commitments, commits, committed, committing

communicate
communicable, communicated, communicates, communicating, communication, communications, communicative, communicatively, uncommunicative

concentrate
concentrated, concentrates, concentrating, concentration

confer
conference, conferences, conferred, conferring, confers

contrast
contrasted, contrasting, contrastive, contrasts

cycle
cycled, cycles, cyclic, cyclical, cycling

debate
debatable, debated, debates, debating

despite

dimension
dimensional, dimensions, multidimensional

domestic
domestically, domesticate, domesticated, domesticating, domestics

emerge
emerged, emergence, emergent, emerges, emerging

error
erroneous, erroneously, errors

ethnic
ethnicity

goal
goals

grant
granted, granting, grants

hence

hypothesis
hypotheses, hypothesise, hypothesised, hypothesises, hypothesising, hypothesize, hypothesized, hypothesizes, hypothesizing, hypothetical, hypothetically

implement
implementation, implemented, implementing, implements

implicate
implicated, implicates, implicating, implication, implications

impose
imposed, imposes, imposing, imposition

integrate
integrated, integrates, integrating, integration

internal
internalise, internalised, internalises, internalising, internalize, internalized, internalizes, internalizing, internally

investigate
investigated, investigates, investigating, investigation, investigations, investigative, investigator, investigators

job
jobs

label
labeled, labeling, labelled, labelling, labels

mechanism
mechanisms

obvious
obviously

occupy
occupancy, occupant, occupants, occupation, occupational, occupations, occupied, occupier, occupiers, occupies, occupying

option
optional, options

output
outputs

overall

parallel
paralleled, parallelled, parallelling, parallels, unparalleled

parameter
parameters

phase
phased, phases, phasing

predict
predictability, predictable, predictably, predicted, predicting, prediction, predictions, predicts, unpredictability, unpredictable

principal
principally

prior

professional
professionally, professionals, professionalism

project
projected, projecting, projection, projections, projects

promote
promoted, promoter, promoters, promotes, promoting, promotion, promotions

regime
regimes

resolve
resolution, resolved, resolves, resolving, unresolved

retain
retained, retaining, retainer, retainers, retains, retention, retentive

series

statistic
statistician, statisticians, statistical, statistically, statistics

status

stress
stressed, stresses, stressful, stressing, unstressed

subsequent
subsequently

sum
summation, summed, summing, sums

summary
summaries, summarise, summarised, summarises, summarising, summarisation, summarisations, summarization, summarizations, summarize, summarized, summarizes, summarizing

undertake
undertaken, undertakes, undertaking, undertook

Sublist 5

The fifth-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

academy
academia, academic, academically, academics, academies

adjust
adjusted, adjusting, adjustment, adjustments, adjusts, readjust, readjusted, readjusting, readjustment, readjustments, readjusts

alter
alterable, alteration, alterations, altered, altering, alternate, alternating, alters, unalterable, unaltered

amend
amended, amending, amendment, amendments, amends

aware
awareness, unaware

capacity
capacities, incapacitate, incapacitated

challenge
challenged, challenger, challengers, challenges, challenging

clause
clauses

compound
compounded, compounding, compounds

conflict
conflicted, conflicting, conflicts

consult
consultancy, consultant, consultants, consultation, consultations, consultative, consulted, consults, consulting

contact
contactable, contacted, contacting, contacts

decline
declined, declines, declining

discrete
discretely, discretion, discretionary, indiscrete, indiscretion

draft
drafted, drafting, drafts, redraft, redrafted, redrafting, redrafts

enable
enabled, enables, enabling

energy
energetic, energetically, energies

enforce
enforced, enforcement, enforces, enforcing

entity
entities

equivalent
equivalence

evolve
evolution, evolved, evolving, evolves, evolutionary, evolutionist, evolutionists

expand
expanded, expanding, expands, expansion, expansionism, expansive

expose
exposed, exposes, exposing, exposure, exposures

external
externalisation, externalise, externalised, externalises, externalising, externality, externalization, externalize, externalized, externalizes, externalizing, externally

facilitate
facilitated, facilitates, facilities, facilitating, facilitation, facilitator, facilitators, facility

fundamental
fundamentally

generate
generated, generates, generating, generation, generations

image
imagery, images

liberal
liberalise, liberalism, liberalisation, liberalised, liberalises, liberalising, liberalization, liberalize, liberalized, liberalizes, liberalizing, liberate, liberated, liberates, liberation, liberations, liberating, liberator, liberators, liberally, liberals

licence
licences, license, licensed, licensing, licenses, unlicensed

logic
illogical, illogically, logical, logically, logician, logicians

margin
marginal, marginally, margins

medical
medically

mental
mentality, mentally

modify
modification, modifications, modified, modifies, modifying, unmodified

monitor
monitored, monitoring, monitors, unmonitored

network
networked, networking, networks

notion
notions

objective
objectively, objectivity

orient
orientate, orientated, orientates, orientation, orientating, oriented, orienting, orients, reorient, reorientation

perspective
perspectives, precise, imprecise, precisely, precision

prime
primacy

psychology
psychological, psychologically, psychologist, psychologists

pursue
pursued, pursues, pursuing, pursuit, pursuits

ratio
ratios

reject
rejected, rejecting, rejection, rejects, rejections

revenue
revenues

stable
instability, stabilisation, stabilise, stabilised, stabilises, stabilising, stabilization, stabilize, stabilized, stabilizes, stabilizing, stability, unstable

style
styled, styles, styling, stylish, stylise, stylised, stylises, stylising, stylize, stylized, stylizes, stylizing

substitute
substituted, substitutes, substituting, substitution

sustain
sustainable, sustainability, sustained, sustaining, sustains, sustenance, unsustainable

symbol
symbolic, symbolically, symbolise, symbolises, symbolised, symbolising, symbolism, symbolize, symbolized, symbolizes, symbolizing, symbols

target
targeted, targeting, targets

transit
transited, transiting, transition, transitional, transitions, transitory, transits

trend
trends

version
versions

welfare

whereas

Sublist 6

The sixth-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

abstract
abstraction, abstractions, abstractly, abstracts

accurate
accuracy, accurately, inaccuracy, inaccuracies, inaccurate

acknowledge
acknowledged, acknowledges, acknowledging, acknowledgement, acknowledgements

aggregate
aggregated, aggregates, aggregating, aggregation

allocate
allocated, allocates, allocating, allocation, allocations

assign
assigned, assigning, assignment, assignments, assigns, reassign, reassigned, reassigning, reassigns, unassigned

attach
attached, attaches, attaching, attachment, attachments, unattached

author
authored, authoring, authors, authorship

bond
bonded, bonding, bonds

brief
brevity, briefed, briefing, briefly, briefs

capable
capabilities, capability, incapable

cite
citation, citations, cited, citing, cites

cooperate
cooperated, cooperates, cooperating, cooperation, cooperative, cooperatively, co-operate, co-operated, co-operates, co-operation, co-operative, co-operatively

discriminate
discriminated, discriminates, discriminating, discrimination

display
displayed, displaying, displays

diverse
diversely, diversification, diversified, diversifies, diversify, diversifying, diversity

domain
domains

edit
edited, editing, edition, editions, editor, editorial, editorials, editors, edits

enhance
enhanced, enhancement, enhances, enhancing

estate
estates

exceed
exceeded, exceeding, exceeds

expert
expertise, expertly, experts

explicit
explicitly

federal
federation, federations

fee
fees

flexible
flexibility, inflexible, inflexibility

furthermore

gender
genders

ignorant
ignorance, ignore, ignored, ignores, ignoring

incentive
incentives

incidence
incident, incidentally, incidents

incorporate
incorporated, incorporates, incorporating, incorporation

index
indexed, indexes, indexing

inhibit
inhibited, inhibiting, inhibition, inhibitions, inhibits

initiate
initiated, initiates, initiating, initiation, initiations, initiative, initiatives, initiator, initiators

input
inputs

instruct
instruction, instructed, instructing, instructions, instructive, instructor, instructors, instructs

intelligent
intelligence, intelligently, unintelligent

interval
intervals

lecture
lectured, lecturer, lecturers, lectures, lecturing

migrate
migrant, migrants, migrated, migrates, migrating, migration, migrations, migratory

minimum

ministry
ministered, ministering, ministerial, ministries

motive
motivate, motivated, motivates, motivating, motivation, motivations, motives, unmotivated

neutral
neutralization, neutralise, neutralised, neutralises, neutralising, neutrality, neutralization, neutralize, neutralized, neutralizes, neutralizing

nevertheless

overseas

precede
preceded, precedence, precedent, precedes, preceding, unprecedented

presume
presumably, presumed, presumes, presuming, presumption, presumptions, presumptuous

rational
irrational, rationalisation, rationalisations, rationalise, rationalised, rationalises, rationalising, rationalism, rationality, rationalization, rationalizations, rationalize, rationalized, rationalizes, rationally

recover
recoverable, recovered, recovering, recovers, recovery

reveal
revealed, revealing, reveals, revelation, revelations

scope

subsidy
subsidiary, subsidies, subsidise, subsidised, subsidises, subsidising, subsidize, subsidized, subsidizes, subsidizing

tape
taped, tapes, taping

trace
traceable, traced, traces, tracing

transform
transformation, transformations, transformed, transforming, transforms

transport
transportation, transported, transporter, transporters, transporting, transports

underlie
underlay, underlies, underlying

utilise
utilisation, utilised, utilises, utilising, utiliser, utilisers, utility, utilities, utilization, utilize, utilized, utilizes, utilizing

Sublist 7

The seventh-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

adapt
adaptability, adaptable, adaptation, adaptations, adapted, adapting, adaptive, adapts

adult
adulthood, adults

advocate
advocacy, advocated, advocates, advocating

aid
aided, aiding, aids, unaided

channel
channelled, channelling, channels

chemical
chemically, chemicals

classic
classical, classics

comprehensive
comprehensively

comprise
comprised, comprises, comprising

confirm
confirmation, confirmed, confirming, confirms

contrary
contrarily

convert
conversion, conversions, converted, convertible, converting, converts

couple
coupled, coupling, couples

decade
decades

definite
definitely, definitive, indefinite, indefinitely

deny
deniable, denial, denials, denied, denies, denying, undeniable

differentiate
differentiated, differentiates, differentiating, differentiation

dispose
disposable, disposal, disposed, disposes, disposing

dynamic
dynamically, dynamics

eliminate
eliminated, eliminates, eliminating, elimination

empirical
empirically, empiricism

equip
equipment, equipped, equipping, equips

extract
extracted, extracting, extraction, extracts

file
filed, files, filing

finite
infinite, infinitely

foundation
foundations

globe
global, globally, globalisation, globalization

grade
graded, grades, grading

guarantee
guaranteed, guaranteeing, guarantees

hierarchy
hierarchical, hierarchies

identical
identically

ideology
ideological, ideologically, ideologies

infer
inference, inferences, inferred, inferring, infers

innovate
innovation, innovated, innovates, innovating, innovations, innovative, innovator, innovators

insert
inserted, inserting, insertion, inserts

intervene
intervened, intervenes, intervening, intervention, interventions

isolate
isolated, isolates, isolating, isolation, isolationism

media

mode
modes

paradigm
paradigms

phenomenon
phenomena, phenomenal

priority
priorities, prioritisation, prioritise, prioritised, prioritises, prioritising, prioritization, prioritize, prioritized, prioritizes, prioritizing

prohibit
prohibited, prohibiting, prohibition, prohibitions, prohibitive, prohibits

publication
publications

quote
quotation, quotations, quoted, quotes, quoting

release
released, releases, releasing

reverse
reversal, reversed, reverses, reversible, reversing, reversals, irreversible

simulate
simulated, simulates, simulating, simulation

sole
solely

somewhat

submit
submission, submissions, submits, submitted, submitting

successor
succession, successions, successive, successively, successors

survive
survival, survived, survives, surviving, survivor, survivors

thesis
theses

topic
topical, topics

transmit
transmission, transmissions, transmitted, transmitting, transmits

ultimate
ultimately

unique
uniquely, uniqueness

visible
visibility, visibly, invisible, invisibility

voluntary
voluntarily, volunteer, volunteering, volunteered, volunteers

Sublist 8

The eight-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

abandon
abandoned, abandoning, abandonment, abandons

accompany
accompanied, accompanies, accompaniment, accompanying, unaccompanied

accumulate
accumulated, accumulating, accumulation, accumulates

ambiguous
ambiguities, ambiguity, unambiguous, unambiguously

append
appendix, appended, appends, appending, appendices, appendixes

appreciate
appreciable, appreciably, appreciated, appreciates, appreciating, appreciation, unappreciated

arbitrary
arbitrariness, arbitrarily

automate
automatic, automated, automates, automating, automatically, automation

bias
biased, biases, biasing, unbiased

chart
charted, charting, charts, uncharted

clarify
clarification, clarified, clarifies, clarifying, clarity

commodity
commodities, complement, complementary, complemented, complementing, complements

conform
conformable, conformability, conformance, conformation, conformed, conforming, conformist, conformists, conformity, conforms, nonconformist, nonconformists, nonconformity, non-conformist, non-conformists, non-conformity

contemporary
contemporaries

contradict
contradicted, contradicting, contradiction, contradictions, contradictory, contradicts

crucial
crucially

currency
currencies

denote
denotation, denotations, denoted, denotes, denoting

detect
detectable, detected, detecting, detection, detective, detectives, detector, detectors, detects

deviate
deviated, deviates, deviating, deviation, deviations

displace
displaced, displacement, displaces, displacing

drama
dramas, dramatic, dramatically, dramatise, dramatised, dramatising, dramatises, dramatisation, dramatisations, dramatist, dramatists, dramatization, dramatizations, dramatize, dramatized, dramatizes, dramatizing

eventual
eventuality, eventually

exhibit
exhibited, exhibiting, exhibition, exhibitions, exhibits

exploit
exploitation, exploited, exploiting, exploits

fluctuate
fluctuated, fluctuates, fluctuating, fluctuation, fluctuations

guideline
guidelines

highlight
highlighted, highlighting, highlights

implicit
implicitly

induce
induced, induces, inducing, induction

inevitable
inevitability, inevitably

infrastructure
infrastructures

inspect
inspected, inspecting, inspection, inspections, inspector, inspectors, inspects

intense
intensely, intenseness, intensification, intensified, intensifies, intensify, intensifying, intension, intensity, intensive, intensively

manipulate
manipulated, manipulates, manipulating, manipulation, manipulations, manipulative

minimise
minimised, minimises, minimising, minimize, minimized, minimizes, minimizing

nuclear

offset
offsets, offsetting

paragraph
paragraphing, paragraphs

plus
pluses

practitioner
practitioners

predominant
predominance, predominantly, predominate, predominated, predominates, predominating

prospect
prospective, prospects

radical
radically, radicals

random
randomly, randomness

reinforce
reinforced, reinforcement, reinforcements, reinforces, reinforcing

restore
restoration, restored, restores, restoring

revise
revised, revises, revising, revision, revisions

schedule
reschedule, rescheduled, reschedules, rescheduling, scheduled, schedules, scheduling, unscheduled

tense
tension, tensely, tenser, tensest, tensions

terminate
terminal, terminals, terminated, terminates, terminating, termination, terminations

theme
themes, thematic, thematically

thereby

uniform
uniformity, uniformly

vehicle
vehicles

via

virtual
virtually

visual
visualise, visualised, visualised, visualising, visualisation, visualize, visualized, visualizing, visualization, visually

widespread

Sublist 9

The ninth-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

accommodate
accommodated, accommodates, accommodating, accommodation

analogy
analogies, analogous

anticipate
anticipated, anticipates, anticipating, anticipation, unanticipated

assure
assurance, assurances, assured, assuredly, assures, assuring

attain
attainable, attained, attaining, attainment, attainments, attains, unattainable

behalf

bulk
bulky

cease
ceased, ceaseless, ceases, ceasing

coherent
coherence, coherently, incoherent, incoherently

coincide
coincided, coincides, coinciding, coincidence, coincidences, coincident, coincidental

commence
commenced, commences, commencement, commencing, recommences, recommenced, recommencing

compatible
compatibility, incompatibility, incompatible

concurrent
concurrently

confine
confined, confines, confining, unconfined

controversy
controversies, controversial, controversially, uncontroversial

converse
conversely

device
devices

devote
devoted, devotedly, devotes, devoting, devotion, devotions

diminish
diminished, diminishes, diminishing, diminution, undiminished

distort
distorted, distorting, distortion, distortions, distorts

duration

erode
eroded, erodes, eroding, erosion

ethic
ethical, ethically, ethics, unethical

format
formatted, formatting, formats

found
founded, founder, founders, founding, unfounded

inherent
inherently

insight
insightful, insights

integral

intermediate

manual
manually, manuals

mature
immature, immaturity, maturation, maturational, matured, matures, maturing, maturity

mediate
mediated, mediates, mediating, mediation

mediu

military

minimal
minimalisation, minimalise, minimalises, minimalised, minimalising, minimalist, minimalists, minimalistic, minimalization, minimalize, minimalized, minimalizes, minimalizing, minimally

mutual
mutually

norm
norms

overlap
overlapped, overlapping, overlaps

passive
passively, passivity

portion
portions

preliminary
preliminaries

protocol
protocols

qualitative
qualitatively

refine
refined, refinement, refinements, refines, refining

relax
relaxation, relaxed, relaxes, relaxing

restrain
restrained, restraining, restrains, restraint, restraints, unrestrained

revolution
revolutionary, revolutionaries, revolutionise, revolutionised, revolutionises, revolutionising, revolutionist, revolutionists, revolutionize, revolutionized, revolutionizes, revolutionizing, revolutions

rigid
rigidities, rigidity, rigidly

route
routed, routes, routing

scenario
scenarios

sphere
spheres, spherical, spherically

subordinate
subordinates, subordination

supplement
supplementary, supplemented, supplementing, supplements

suspend
suspended, suspending, suspends, suspension

team
teamed, teaming, teams

temporary
temporarily

trigger
triggered, triggering, triggers

unify
unification, unified, unifies, unifying

violate
violated, violates, violating, violation, violations

vision
visions

Sublist 10

The tenth-most frequently-appearing words in academic English.

adjacent

albeit

assemble
assembled, assembles, assemblies, assembling, assembly

collapse
collapsed, collapses, collapsible, collapsing

colleague
colleagues

compile
compilation, compilations, compiled, compiles, compiling

conceive
conceivable, conceivably, conceived, conceives, conceiving, inconceivable, inconceivably

convince
convinced, convinces, convincing, convincingly, unconvinced

depress
depressed, depresses, depressing, depression

encounter
encountered, encountering, encounters

enormous
enormity, enormously

forthcoming

incline
inclination, inclinations, inclined, inclines, inclining

integrity

intrinsic
intrinsically

invoke
invoked, invokes, invoking

levy
levies

likewise

nonetheless

notwithstanding

odd
odds

ongoing

panel
panelled, panelling, panels

persist
persisted, persistence, persistent, persistently, persisting, persists

pose
posed, poses, posing

reluctance
reluctant, reluctantly

so-called

straightforward

undergo
undergoes, undergoing, undergone, underwent

whereby

Источник

ADVANCED ENGLISH: The 100 Most Important Words to Learn in English.

Recently one of my students asked me if I could tell them what the most important, or commonly used words in the English language are.

Well, that’s one hell of a question to answer, there are so many variables to consider but it intrigued me quite a bit so I decided to research it and try to come up with an answer.

I searched the internet using questions such as «The most common words searched for in Google», «The most common words search for in online Dictionaries» as well as other general questions until I could come up with a list of the 100 most common, or important words in the English Language.

Now, as vocabulary is the foundation of any language, and the variety used by individuals will always vary depending upon their profession or interests, the vocabulary in the list below is specifically based upon general English rather than topic-specific words.

This is important because as I researched the answer to this question, I realized that the most important words were not the complex, or topic-specific words, but all of the general words that connect all of the more complex vocabularies together into something that we can understand.

The 60 Most Important Phrasal Verbs for Achieving a B2 to C2 Level of English.

I also realized that for any English language learner to achieve a proficient level of the language, that these are without a doubt the most important words to learn as they will form the foundation of everything that they do in English.

I hope that this list of 100 most important English words helps you to achieve your goal of reaching a truly proficient level of English.

Good luck and good studying.

The Importance of Learning Idioms, Study Tips plus 200 of the Most Common Idioms to Learn.
Introduction to Phrasal Verbs, One of the Essential Elements for Achieving Proficiency in English.

Amount
Argument
Art
Be
Beautiful
Belief
Cause
Certain
Chance
Change
Clear
Common
Comparison
Condition
Connection
Copy
Decision
Degree
Desire
Development
Different
Do
Education
End
Event
Examples
Existence
Experience
Fact
Fear
Feeling
Fiction
Force
Form
Free
General
Get
Give
Good
Government
Happy
Have
History
Idea
Important
Interest
Knowledge
Law
Let
Level
Living
Love
Make
Material
Measure
Mind
Motion
Name
Nation
Natural
Necessary
Normal
Number
Observation
Opposite
Order
Organization
Part
Place
Pleasure
Possible
Power
Probable
Property
Purpose
Quality
Question
Reason
Relation
Representative
Respect
Responsible
Right
Same
Say
Science
See
Seem
Sense
Sign
Simple
Society
Sort
Special
Substance
Thing
Thought
True
Use
Way
Wise
Word
Work
The 50 Most Important Idioms for Achieving a B2 to C2 Level of English.
The 100 Most Important Slang Words for Achieving a B2 to C2 Level of English.
200 Essential Words For Achieving a B2 to C2 level of Proficiency in English.
Tips for Learning Vocabulary in Context.