Memories the words and word combinations

Read and remember the words and word combinations.
evacuate (эвакуировать, перемещать в безопасное место) − to evacuate people from somewhere; evacuation (эвакуация)
rescue (спасать от чего−либо; спасение) − to rescue from a tornado; a rescue of children / people / animals;
broadcast (вещать, транслировать, передавать) − to broadcast TV programmes / warnings / messages
limit (ограничивать; предел, граница) − to limit the speed; an age limit, a time limit, a limit on something
warn (предупреждать, предостерегать; предупреждение) − to warn of a storm / tsunami / flood; a warning (предупреждение) about evacuation, without warning
monitor (наблюдать за чем−либо; экран / монитор) − to monitor the radiation, to monitor the water level; a computer monitor

to
assess —
оцінювати,
визначати

ability
—
спроможність

beneficial
—
вигідний

decline
—
спад

entire
—
весь,
цілий

exchange
—
товарообмін

introduction
—
виведення на ринок

marketing
—
система збуту, продаж

marketing
mix
—
комплекс маркетингу

maturity
—
зрілість

objective
—
ціль, задача

to
occur —
виникати

Product
Life Cycle —
життєвий цикл товару

promotion
—
просування

prospective
customer —
майбутній
споживач

target
market
—
цільовий ринок

resale
—
перепродаж

retailer
—
роздрібний торговець

value
—
вартість, цінність

wholesaler
—
оптовик

IV. Text а What is marketing

Marketing
is a driving force in the modern economy. The American Marketing
Association states that marketing is a process of planning,
promotion, and distribution of goods and services to create exchanges
that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. This
definition stresses the importance of beneficial exchanges that
satisfy the objec­tives of both those who buy and those who sell.

To
serve both buyers and sellers, marketing seeks to assess the needs
and wants of prospective customers and to satisfy them. These
prospective customers include both individuals buying for themselves
and their households and organizations that buy for their own use (
such
as manufactures )
or
for resale (such
as wholesalers and retailers).

For
marketing to occur, at least four factors are required:

1. two
   or more parties with unsatisfied needs

2. a
   desire and ability to meet them

3. a
   way for parties to communicate

4. something
   of value to exchange

The
first task of marketing is to assess consumer needs. The major
activity of a firm’s marketing department is to carefully study
consum­ers in the marketplace to understand what they need in
details. Poten­tial consumers make up a market, which is people
with the desire and ability to buy a specific product. All markets
ultimately are people.

The
second task of marketing is to satisfy consumer needs. Mar­keting
doesn’t stop with the ideas obtained from the assessment of consumer
needs. Since the organization obviously can’t satisfy all consumer
needs, it must concentrate it efforts on certain needs of a specific
groups of potential consumers. It selects a target market of
potential customers —
a
subset of entire market —
on
which to focus its marketing programme.

Having
selected the target market consumer, the firm must take action and
develop a complete marketing programme to reach con­sumers by a
combination of four levers often called the four P’s or the marketing
mix: Product,
Place, Promotion,
Price.
The
marketing mix elements are called controllable factors because they
are under the con­trol of the marketing department in an
organization. Environmental factors, also called uncontrollable
variables, are largely beyond the organization’s control. These
elements include social, technological, economic, competitive, and
regulatory forces.

The
Product
area
is concerned with the developing the “right” product for the
target market. Place
is
concerned with all the decisions involved in getting the “right”
product to the target market. A product is not much good to a
consumer if it isn’t available where and when it is wanted. Promotion
deals
with telling the target market about the «
right*
product. In addition to developing the
“right”
Product, Place, and Promotion, marketing managers must also decide
the «right» Price.
In
setting a price, they must consider the competition on the target
market, the cost of the whole marketing mix, and the reaction to
possible price.

The
key concept of market selection and product planning is the Product
Life Cycle. It predicts that any product pass through various stages
between its life and death (
introduction-
growth-maturity-decline )
So
firms can make better marketing decisions if they find out where each
of their products stands in its life cycle.

The
diversity of marketing opportunities is reflected in many types of
marketing jobs, ranging from purchasing to marketing research to
public relations to product management. Most of these marketing
ca­reers offer the chance to work with interesting people on
stimulating and rewarding problems.

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Описание и ответ задания[править | править код]

The words and word combinations below help us to speak about certain arts. Organise them according to the arts that they describe. (Certain words can belong to more than one category.)

• Theatre
• Cinema
• Music
• Sculture
• Painting
• Literature

1. Theatre – Drama / Success / Classical / Gallery / Stage / Balcony / Applause / Ballet / Operetta / Concert / Box / Audience / Opera / Scenery / Tragedy / Sound / Comedy / To act / Character / To applaud / Seat / Dress circle / Stalls / Performer
2. Cinema – Drama / Success / Classical / Screen / Audience / Tragedy / Sound / Comedy / Colour film / To act / Horror movie / Cinemagoer / Feature film / Character / Seat / Performer
3. Music – Flute / Success / Classical / Stage / Violin / Piano / Applause / Ballet / Operetta / Concert / Audience / Opera / Sound / To compose / To applaud / Performer
4. Sculpture – Sculpture / Success / Bronze / Work of art / Monuments / Theatre Statue / Museum
5. Painting – Success / To draw / Gallery / Work of art / Museum / To paint.
6. Literature – Drama / Success / Classical / Fiction / Tragedy / Comedy / Character

Другие задания учебника[править | править код]

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