Meanings of the word run - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Meaning Run

What does Run mean? Here you find 102 meanings of the word Run. You can also add a definition of Run yourself

1	0 0 Relationships Related Term: shelving Synonym: range row n. ~ 1. Sections of shelves assembled side by side. — v. ~ 2. Computing · To carry out a process or program.

2	0 0 Run With reference to logging, an operation in which a logging tool is lowered into a borehole and then retrieved from it while recording measurements.

3	0 0 Run The horizontal distance between the eaves and the ridge of the roof, being half the span for a symmetrical gable roof. Also, the net width of a step or the horizontal distance covered by a flight of s [..]

4	0 0 Run Rapid advance of the head of a fire, characterized by a marked transition in fireline intensity and rate of spread with respect to that noted before and after the advance.

5	0 0 Run the modern verb is a merger of two related Old English words, in both of which the first letters sometimes switched places. The first is intransitive rinnan, irnan «to run, flow, run together&quo [..]

6	0 0 Run «a spell of running,» mid-15c. (earlier ren, late 14c.), from run (v.). The Old English noun ryne meant «a flowing, a course, a watercourse.» Modern sense of «small stream&quo [..]

7	0 0 Run the horizontal distance a line goes across for a given distance up or down. • divides the rise (up or down) to give the slope or gradient of a line.

8	0 0 Run The rapid advance of the head of a fire with a marked change in fire line intensity and rate of spread from that noted before and after the advance.

9	0 0 Run A fast descending or ascending scale or line.

10	0 0 Run The term used to describe the length from the front edge of a step to the back edge of a step in a set of stairs. Runnel

11	0 0 Run In golf, the term run refers to the distance which a golf ball rolls after its landing. Whereas the distance the golf ball travels in the air is called carry.

12	0 0 Run If a division master

13	0 0 Run a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely; &quot;the Yankees scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th&quot;; &quot;their first tally came in the 3rd inn [..]

14	0 0 Run The single, continuous execution of a program by a computer on a given set of data. As a verb, to initiate processing by a program.

15	0 0 Run refers to how long that ball rolls and then lands.

16	0 0 Run Whenever the ball is moving along the ground, it is said to be running.

17	0 0 Run The distance that the ball continues to travel after its initial impact with the ground.

18	0 0 Run How far the ball will roll once it has landed on the ground after flight..

19	0 0 Run The distance that the ball travels after landing.

20	0 0 Run to move quickly on your feet

21	0 0 Run The execution of one or more computer jobs or programs.

22	0 0 Run The travel of the ball after hitting the ground.

23	0 0 Run In stairs, the net width of a step or the horizontal distance covered by a flight of stairs.

24	0 0 Run or execute a program to make it work. Webpages sometimes ask whether you want to execute a program or read its data. Make sure that you can trust the website, or the file may contain a virus.

25	0 0 Run The horizontal change between two points used to determine the slope of a line.

26	0 0 Run (1) To execute a program. (2) To operate. For example, a device that is running is one that is turned on and operating properly.

27	0 0 Run In printing, the number of impressions taken from a plate or setting of type at one time. A completed job is said to have been run-off. See also: overrun and underrun.

28	0 0 Run A rapid ascending or descending of notes which starts in an embellishment. A roulade.

29	0 0 Run ran run run·ning 1 a : to be or continue to be in operation or effect b : to proceed toward expiration or effectiveness [statute of limitations began to when she received notice of the injury] …

30	0 0 Run To publish a story.

31	0 0 Run The horizontal distance between the eaves and the ridge of the roof, being half the span for a symmetrical gable roof.

32	0 0 Run To publish or broadcast a story. See also press run above.

33	0 0 Run See print run

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35	0 0 Run The horizontal change between two points on a graph. The slope of a line is the rise divided by the run.

36	0 0 Run To publish a story.

37	0 0 Run To publish a story. __________________

38	0 0 Run period of printing edition.

39	0 0 Run A rapid descending, or ascending, usually right-hand passage on the piano in the form of a continuous scale, or a scale with variations.

40	0 0 Run occurs when a flood of depositors withdraw their funds from a bank within a short time frame.

41	0 0 Run Running a program is how it is made to do something. The term "execute" means the same thing.

42	0 0 Run When consumers believe that a bank is insolvent, they all withdraw funds at the same time.

43	0 0 Run (n) a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely(n) the act of testing something(n) a race run on foot(n) an unbroken series of events(n) (American football) a play in whic [..]

44	0 0 Run The horizontal distance from the eaves to a point directly under the ridge. One half the span.

45	0 0 Run the horizontal distance of a stair tread from the nose to the riser.

46	0 0 Run To allow a line to feed freely.

47	0 0 Run A long run, a short run. We say of a drama, “It had a long run,” meaning it attracted the people to the house, and was represented over and over again for many nights. The allusion i [..]

48	0 0 Run The distance a ship has travelled through the water.

49	0 0 Run The after-part of a vessel in the water. Runner-pennant

50	0 0 Run To allow a line to feed freely.

51	0 0 Run Total number of copies ordered or printed.

52	0 0 Run a small stream; creek

53	0 0 Run A complete or secondary section(s) of pipe that extend from supply to fixture or drain to stack.

54	0 0 Run In stairs, the net width of a step or the horizontal distance covered by a flight of stairs.

55	0 0 Run A Run is a length of a strip observed in a single continuous image observing scan, bounded by lines of μ and ν. A strip covers a great circle region from pole to pole; this cannot be observed in one [..]

56	0 0 Run The catastrophic occurrence when the spring power in a musical box is discharged very rapidly, as when the governor fails. In cylinder boxes this causes the cylinder to spin at great speed and can res [..]

57	0 0 Run off- The portion of precipitation that flows over the land surface or in open channels.

58	0 0 Run A sequence notes in a scale, typically played very quickly. When used as an ornament, a run is a sequence of grace notes that ascend or descend a ladder of notes in a scale, before landing on the main [..]

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A Run is a length of a strip observed in a single continuous image observing scan, bounded by lines of μ and ν. A strip covers a great circle region from pole to pole; this cannot be observed in one pass. The fraction of a strip observed at one time (limited by observing conditions) is a Run. Runs can (and usually do) overlap at the ends. Like st [..]

60	0 0 Run 1. In a foreign port, to head out on the town and have as much fun as is possible. ie. » a run ashore» 2. To press disciplinary charges against a sailor ie. «To run him».

61	0 0 Run Voyage between two ports, especially when regular. 2. Distance sailed between two observations, or epochs. 3. After part of ship’s underwater body where it rises and sweeps towards stern post. 4. [..]

62	0 0 Run To allow a line to feed freely.

63	0 0 Run The narrowing sides of a vessel aft where they meet at the hooding-ends.

64	0 0 Run As in ‘the run of a ship’. Indicating the curvature of the lines of a vessel’s hull towards the stern.

65	0 0 Run (1) Sailing away from the wind with the sails let out all the way; going with the wind, downwind sailing (2) To allow a line to feed freely. (3) The shape of the afterpart of the underbody of a ship i [..]

66	0 0 Run Point of sail approximately 160° from the wind direction.

67	0 0 Run (1) Sailing away from the wind with the sails let out all the way; going with the wind, downwind sailing (2) To allow a line to feed freely. (3) The shape of the afterpart of the underbody of a ship i [..]

68	0 0 Run a sequence of responses, bounded by pauses or by some event (e.g., an FR run is the response sequence within a single ratio).

69	0 0 Run The under part of a vessel aft defined by the buttock lines and water lines.

70	0 0 Run See Reporting Unit Number

71	0 0 Run An enclosed area outdoors that is connected to a coop and allows chickens to roam freely.

72	0 0 Run See simulation run.

73	0 0 Run see execute

74	0 0 Run The transfer of weight form one leg to the other during which there is a brief moment when both feet are off the ground. The weight is usually leaning forward in a run.

75	0 0 Run The distance the ball will travel along the ground after it lands.

76	0 0 Run (1) Bidding: to take partner (or yourself) out into a different suit (or notrump) when the first suit is doubled. (2) Play or “run” (a suit): to cash all the winning cards of an established or s [..]

77	0 0 Run n. — A method of movement much faster than walking. This usually keeps your character moving forward continuously, but leaves them vulnerable. In some games, this is synonymous with Dashing, but in others Running and Dashing are two different techniques. — v. — To perform a Run. S

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It is a myth that ace was used exclusively and run was not. Run was in common use from the 1850s. Ace was used in the Knickerbocker rules of 1845, and was being weeded out as archaic by the early 1860s. Like many archaic base ball terms, it can still be found being used for color in later years. Tally was used in the 1860s as slang for run, most co [..]

79	0 0 Run (aka «Sequence», «Stringer», «Straight» or «Rope») A lot of 3 or more cards of same suit and consecutive rank in a sequence, such as for example: 3 4 5 or even 4 5 6 7 8

80	0 0 Run Occurs when one team scores several field goals in quick succession while its opponents score few or none.

81	0 0 Run the score made by the offensive team each time a player safely reaches home plate

82	0 0 Run To escape a runner

83	0 0 Run One of two ways for the offense to move the ball. This involves either the quarterback or running back carrying the ball while running through the defence.

84	0 0 Run (1) play off winners in a suit

85	0 0 Run To move your back checkers out of your opponent’s home board in an attempt to escape.

86	0 0 Run A sequence.

87	0 0 Run A series of similar results.

88	0 0 Run A score made by a runner.

89	0 0 Run A sustained period of selling which drives down the price of something, such as a security or commodity.

90	0 0 Run The total number of performances of a production.

91	0 0 Run of-house (ROH) — refers to a hotel room, the type of which is assigned at the discretion of the hotel shortly before you arrive. Usually, the rates are lower

92	0 0 Run of-ship — cabin is assigned at the last moment, giving the cruise line the ability to shift accommodations as needed. Usually, you are guaranteed a minimum category of cabin, and sometimes get an upgr [..]

93	0 0 Run A section of the curling sheet that is dipped or troughed that can prevent a stone to curl or draw down its normal path of travel.

94	0 0 Run A section of river that can be boated.

95	0 0 Run OUT BIT- A special type of bit to prevent a horse from bearing out (or in). S

96	0 0 Run Usually refers to a player’s attempt to one-credit a shmup, and/or a specific effort to obtain a high score; a player who makes a “run” at a shmup will usually refuse to continue after losing on [..]

97	0 0 Run A term used in transit operations to describe an operator work assignment.

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99	0 0 Run To perform a function or command (said of a computer).

100	0 0 Run A continuous analytical sequence consisting of prepared samples and all associated quality assurance measurements as required by the Contract Statement of Work.

101	0 0 Run lang=en »’1967»’, and , , May 1976 edition, ISBN 0553025171, pages 8–9: :It required sixty seconds to run a man’s bloodstream. After that: expanded consciousness. Synthetic bliss.

102	0 0 Run A run consists of a series of bid and offer quotes for different securities or maturities. Dealers give and ask for runs from each other.

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Источник

run

(rŭn)

v. ran (răn), run, run·ning, runs

v.intr.

a. To move swiftly on foot so that both or all feet are not on the ground during each stride.

b. To retreat rapidly; flee: When they heard the police siren, they ran.

c. Informal To depart; leave: Sorry, I have to run.

2. To migrate, especially to move in a shoal in order to spawn. Used of fish.

a. To move without hindrance or restraint: We let the dog run in the field.

b. To move or go quickly or hurriedly: run around doing errands.

c. To go when in trouble or distress: He is always running to his lawyer.

d. To make a short, quick trip or visit: ran next door to borrow a cup of sugar; ran down to the store.

a. To take part in a race or contest by running: ran in the marathon; athletes who run for the gold medal.

b. To compete in a race for elected office: ran for mayor.

c. To finish a race or contest in a specified position: ran second.

5. To move freely, as on wheels: The car ran downhill. The drawer runs on small bearings.

6. To travel over a regular route: The ferry runs every hour.

7. Nautical To sail or steer before the wind or on an indicated course: run before a storm.

a. To flow, especially in a steady stream: Fresh water runs from the spring. Turn on the faucet and let the water run.

b. To melt and flow: The flame made the solder run.

c. To emit pus, mucus, or serous fluid: Pollen makes my nose run.

d. To be wet or covered with a liquid: The street ran with blood. The mourners’ eyes ran with tears.

e. To spread or dissolve, as dyes in fabric.

f. To have dye spread or dissolve: Colorfast garments are not supposed to run.

a. To extend, stretch, or reach in a certain direction or to a particular point: This road runs to the next town.

b. To extend, spread, or climb as a result of growing: Ivy ran up the wall.

c. To become known or prevalent rapidly in or over an area: disease that ran rampant.

d. To unravel along a line: Her stocking ran.

10.

a. To be valid or in effect, as in a given area: The speed limit runs only to the town line.

b. To be present as a valid accompaniment: Fishing rights run with ownership of the land.

c. To accumulate or accrue: The interest runs from the first of the month.

11. To be in operation; function or work: The engine is running.

12.

a. To pass; elapse: Days ran into weeks.

b. To tend to persist or recur: Stinginess seems to run in that family.

13.

a. To pass into or become subject to a specified condition: We ran into debt.

b. To take a particular form, order, or expression: My reasoning runs thus. The report runs as follows.

c. To tend or incline: Their taste in art runs to the bizarre.

d. To occupy or exist in a certain range: The sizes run from small to large.

14.

a. To be presented or performed: The lecture is running late. The play ran for six months.

b. To be published or broadcast, especially as news: The story ran in the sports section on Sunday.

v.tr.

a. To travel over on foot at a pace faster than a walk: ran the entire distance.

b. To cause (an animal) to move quickly or rapidly: ran the horse around the track.

c. To allow to move without restraint: We like to run the dogs along the beach.

d. To hunt or pursue; chase: dogs running deer.

2. To cause to move quickly: She ran her fingers along the keyboard.

3. Nautical To cause to move on a course: We ran our boat into a cove.

4. To cause to be in a given condition: The toddlers ran me ragged.

a. To cause to compete in a race: He ran two horses in the Kentucky Derby.

b. To present or nominate for elective office: The party ran her for senator.

a. To convey or transport: Run me into town. Run the garbage over to the dump.

b. Football To attempt to advance (the ball) by carrying it.

c. To smuggle: run guns.

7. To pass over or through: run the rapids; run a roadblock.

a. To cause to flow: run water into a tub.

b. To be flowing with: The fountains ran champagne.

9. Metallurgy

a. To melt, fuse, or smelt (metal).

b. To mold or cast (molten metal): run gold into ingots.

10.

a. To cause to extend or pass: run a rope between the poles.

b. To mark or trace on a surface: run a pencil line between two points.

c. To sew with a continuous line of stitches: run a seam.

d. To cause to unravel along a line: She ran her stocking on a splinter.

11. To submit for consideration or review: I’ll run the idea by you before I write the proposal.

12.

a. To continue to present or perform: ran the film for a month.

b. To publish in a periodical: run an advertisement.

13.

a. To cause to crash or collide: ran the car into a fence.

b. To cause to penetrate: I ran a pin into my thumb.

14.

a. To subject oneself or be subjected to: run a risk.

b. To have as an ongoing financial obligation: run a deficit; run a tab.

c. To be as a cost for; cost: Those hotel rooms can run you hundreds of dollars a night.

15. Games

a. To score (balls or points) consecutively in billiards: run 15 balls.

b. To clear (the table) in pool by consecutive scores.

16.

a. To cause to function; operate: run a machine.

b. To control, manage, or direct: ran the campaign by himself; a bureau that runs espionage operations.

c. To do or carry out: run errands; run an experiment.

17.

a. Computers To process or execute (a program or instruction).

b. To compare (data) with data in a database or other storage medium: The police ran the license plate number to see if the car was registered.

a. An act or period of running: How was your run this morning?

b. A pace faster than a walk: set off at a brisk run.

a. A distance covered by running or traveling: a 10-mile run.

b. The time taken to cover such a distance: By taxi, it is a two minutes’ run from the station.

c. A quick trip or visit: a run into town.

d. A scheduled or regular route: a delivery run.

e. A straight course or short distance followed by an aircraft before dropping a bomb on a target.

f. A stretch or period of riding, as in a race or to the hounds.

g. Sports The distance a golf ball rolls after hitting the ground.

h. Unrestricted freedom or use of an area: We had the run of the library.

a. Sports A running race: the winner of the mile run.

b. A campaign for public office: She managed his successful senatorial run.

4. Baseball A point scored by advancing around the bases and reaching home plate safely.

5. Football A player’s act of carrying the ball, usually for a specified distance: a 30-yard run.

a. The migration of fish, especially in order to spawn.

b. A group or school of fish ascending a river in order to spawn.

a. A track or slope along or down which something can travel: a logging run.

b. A pipe or channel through which something flows.

c. Sports A particular type of passage down a hill or across country experienced by an athlete, such as a skier or bobsledder: had two very good runs before the end of the day.

d. A trail or way made or frequented by animals.

e. An outdoor enclosure for domestic animals or poultry: a dog run.

f. Australian & New Zealand A tract of open land used for raising livestock; a ranch.

a. A continuous length or extent of something: a five-foot run of tubing.

b. The direction, configuration, or lie of something: the run of the grain in leather.

c. Nautical The immersed part of a ship’s hull abaft of the middle body.

d. A length of torn or unraveled stitches in a knitted fabric.

e. Geology A vein or seam, as of ore or rock.

a. A continuous period of operation, especially of a machine or factory: gave the new furnace a run.

b. The production achieved during such a period: a press run of 15,000 copies.

c. Computers An execution of a specific program or instruction.

10.

a. A movement or flow: a run of sap.

b. The duration or amount of such a flow.

c. A drip of paint or a mark left by such a drip.

d. Eastern Lower Northern US See creek.

e. A fall or slide, as of sand or mud.

11.

a. An unbroken series or sequence: a run of dry summers.

b. Games A continuous sequence of playing cards in one suit.

c. An unbroken sequence or period of performances or presentations, as in the theater.

d. A successful sequence of actions, such as well-played shots or victories in a sport.

e. Music A rapid sequence of notes.

f. A series of unexpected and urgent demands, as by depositors or customers: a run on a bank.

12.

a. A sustained state or condition: a run of good luck.

b. A trend or tendency: the run of events.

13. The average type, group, or category: The broad run of voters want the candidate to win.

14. runs Informal Diarrhea. Often used with the.

adj.

1. Being in a melted or molten state: run butter; run gold.

2. Completely exhausted from running.

Phrasal Verbs:

run across

To find by chance; come upon.

run after

1. To pursue; chase.

2. To seek the company or attention of for purposes of courting: He finally became tired of running after her.

run against

1. To encounter unexpectedly; run into.

2. To work against; oppose: found public sentiment running against him.

run along

To go away; leave.

run away

1. To flee; escape.

2. To leave one’s home, especially to elope.

3. To stampede.

run down

1. To stop because of lack of force or power: The alarm clock finally ran down.

2. To cause or allow (the time remaining in a sports contest) to elapse.

3. To make tired; cause to decline in vigor.

a. To collide with and knock down: a pedestrian who was run down by a speeding motorist.

b. Nautical To collide with and cause to sink.

5. To chase and capture: Detectives ran down the suspects.

6. To trace the source of: The police ran down all possible leads in the case.

7. To disparage: Don’t run her down; she is very talented.

8. To go over; review: run down a list once more.

9. Baseball To put a runner out after trapping him or her between two bases.

run in

1. To insert or include as something extra: ran in an illustration next to the first paragraph.

2. Printing To make a solid body of text without a paragraph or other break.

3. Slang To take into legal custody.

4. To pay a casual visit: We ran in for an hour.

run into

1. To meet or find by chance: ran into an old friend.

2. To encounter (something): ran into trouble.

3. To collide with.

4. To amount to: His net worth runs into seven figures.

run off

1. To print, duplicate, or copy: ran off 200 copies of the report.

2. To run away; elope.

3. To flow off; drain away.

4. To decide (a contest or competition) by a runoff.

5. To force or drive off (trespassers, for example).

run on

1. To keep going; continue.

2. To talk volubly, persistently, and usually inconsequentially: He is always running on about his tax problems.

3. To continue a text without a formal break.

run out

1. To become used up; be exhausted: Our supplies finally ran out.

2. To put out by force; compel to leave: We ran him out of town.

3. To become void, especially through the passage of time or an omission: an insurance policy that had run out.

4. To cause or allow (the time remaining in a sports contest) to elapse.

run over

1. To collide with, knock down, and often pass over: The car ran over a child.

2. To read or review quickly: run over a speech before giving it.

3. To flow over.

4. To go beyond a limit: The meeting ran over by 30 minutes.

run through

1. To pierce: The soldier was run through by a bayonet.

2. To use up quickly: She ran through all her money.

3. To rehearse quickly: Let’s run through the first act again.

4. To go over the salient points or facts of: The crew ran through the preflight procedures. We ran through the witness’s testimony before presenting it in court.

run up

To make or become greater or larger: ran up huge bills; run up the price of the company’s stock.

run with

1. To keep company: runs with a wild crowd.

2. To take as one’s own; adopt: «[He] was determined to run with the idea and go public before it had been researched» (Betty Cuniberti).

Idioms:

a run for (one’s) money

Strong competition.

in the long run

In the final analysis or outcome.

in the short run

In the immediate future.

on the run

a. In rapid retreat: guerrillas on the run after an ambush.

b. In hiding: fugitives on the run.

2. Hurrying busily from place to place: executives always on the run from New York to Los Angeles.

run a temperature/fever

To have a higher than normal body temperature.

run away with

a. To make off with hurriedly.

b. To steal.

2. To be greater or bigger than others in (a performance, for example).

run foul/afoul of

1. To run into; collide with: a sloop that had run foul of the submerged reef.

2. To come into conflict with: a pickpocket who ran foul of the law.

run in place

To go through the movements of running without leaving one’s original position.

run interference

To deal with problems or difficult matters for someone else.

run off at the mouth

To talk excessively or indiscreetly.

run off with

To capture or carry off: ran off with the state championship.

run (one’s) eyes over

To look at or read in a cursory manner.

run out of

To exhaust the supply of: ran out of fuel.

run out of gas/steam Slang

1. To exhaust one’s energy or enthusiasm.

2. To falter or come to a stop because of a lack of capital, support, or enthusiasm.

run out on

To abandon: has run out on the family.

run rings around

To be markedly superior to.

run scared Informal

To become intimidated or frightened.

run short

To become scanty or insufficient in supply: Fuel oil ran short during the winter.

run short of

To use up so that a supply becomes insufficient or scanty: ran short of paper clips.

run to earth/ground

1. To pursue (a hunted animal) to its den or lair.

2. To search for and find (someone or something).

3. To investigate (something) fully, usually with success.

[Middle English ernen, runnen, from Old English rinnan, eornan, earnan, and from Old Norse rinna; see rei- in Indo-European roots.]

Our Living Language Traditional terms for «a small, fast-flowing stream» vary throughout the eastern United States especially and are enshrined in many place names. Speakers in the eastern part of the Lower North (including Virginia, West Virginia, Delaware, Maryland, and southern Pennsylvania) use the word run. Speakers in the Hudson Valley and Catskills, the Dutch settlement areas of New York State, may call such a stream a kill. Brook has come to be used throughout the Northeast. Southerners refer to a branch, and throughout the rural northern United States the term is often crick, a variant of creek.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

run

(rʌn)

vb, runs, running, ran or run

1. (Zoology) (intr)

a. (of a two-legged creature) to move on foot at a rapid pace so that both feet are off the ground together for part of each stride

b. (of a four-legged creature) to move at a rapid gait; gallop or canter

2. (tr) to pass over (a distance, route, etc) in running: to run a mile; run a race.

3. (General Sporting Terms) (intr) to run in or finish a race as specified, esp in a particular position: John is running third.

4. (tr) to perform or accomplish by or as if by running: to run an errand.

5. (intr) to flee; run away: they took to their heels and ran.

6. (tr) to bring into a specified state or condition by running: to run oneself to a standstill.

7. (Hunting) (tr) to track down or hunt (an animal): to run a fox to earth.

8. (intr) to move about freely and without restraint: the children are running in the garden.

9. (usually foll by: to) to go or have recourse, as for aid, assistance, etc: he’s always running to his mother when he’s in trouble.

10. (Agriculture) (tr) to set (animals) loose on (a field or tract of land) so as to graze freely

11. (intr; often foll by over, round, or up) to make a short trip or brief informal visit: I’ll run over to your house this afternoon.

12. to move quickly and easily on wheels by rolling, or in any of certain other ways: a ball running along the ground; a sledge running over snow.

13. to move or cause to move with a specified result or in a specified manner: to run a ship aground; to run into a tree.

14. (often foll by over) to move or pass or cause to move or pass quickly: to run a vacuum cleaner over the carpet; to run one’s eyes over a page.

15. (tr; foll by into, out of, through, etc) to force, thrust, or drive: she ran a needle into her finger.

16. (Automotive Engineering) (tr) to drive or maintain and operate (a vehicle)

17. (Automotive Engineering) (tr) to give a lift to (someone) in a vehicle; transport: he ran her to the railway station.

18. to ply or cause to ply between places on a route: the bus runs from Piccadilly to Golders Green.

19. to operate or be operated; function or cause to function: the engine is running smoothly.

20. (tr) to perform or carry out: to run tests.

21. (tr) to be in charge of; manage: to run a company.

22. to extend or continue or cause to extend or continue in a particular direction, for a particular duration or distance, etc: the road runs north; the play ran for two years; the months ran into years.

23. (Law) (intr) law

a. to have legal force or effect: the lease runs for two more years.

b. to accompany; be an integral part of or adjunct to: an easement runs with the land.

24. (tr) to be subjected to, be affected by, or incur: to run a risk; run a temperature.

25. (often foll by: to) to be characterized (by); tend or incline: her taste runs to extravagant hats; to run to fat.

26. (intr) to recur persistently or be inherent: red hair runs in my family.

27. to cause or allow (liquids) to flow or (of liquids) to flow, esp in a manner specified: water ran from the broken pipe; the well has run dry.

28. (intr) to melt and flow: the wax grew hot and began to run.

29. (Metallurgy) metallurgy

a. to melt or fuse

b. (tr) to mould or cast (molten metal): to run lead into ingots.

30. (Physical Geography) (intr) (of waves, tides, rivers, etc) to rise high, surge, or be at a specified height: a high sea was running that night.

31. (intr) to be diffused: the colours in my dress ran when I washed it.

32. (Knitting & Sewing) (intr) (of stitches) to unravel or come undone or (of a garment) to have stitches unravel or come undone: if you pull that thread, the whole seam will run.

33. (Knitting & Sewing) to sew (an article) with continuous stitches

34. (Botany) (intr) (of growing vines, creepers, etc) to trail, spread, or climb: ivy running over a cottage wall.

35. (intr) to spread or circulate quickly: a rumour ran through the town.

36. (intr) to be stated or reported: his story runs as follows.

37. (Journalism & Publishing) to publish or print or be published or printed in a newspaper, magazine, etc: they ran his story in the next issue.

38. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) (often foll by for) chiefly US and Canadian to be a candidate or present as a candidate for political or other office: Anderson is running for president.

39. (tr) to get past or through; evade: to run a blockade.

40. (tr) to deal in (arms, etc), esp by importing illegally: he runs guns for the rebels.

41. (Nautical Terms) nautical to sail (a vessel, esp a sailing vessel) or (of such a vessel) to be sailed with the wind coming from astern

42. (Zoology) (intr) (of fish)

a. to migrate upstream from the sea, esp in order to spawn

b. to swim rapidly in any area of water, esp during migration

43. (Cricket) (tr) cricket to score (a run or number of runs) by hitting the ball and running between the wickets

44. (Billiards & Snooker) (tr) billiards snooker to make (a number of successful shots) in sequence

45. (Golf) (tr) golf to hit (the ball) so that it rolls along the ground

46. (Bridge) (tr) bridge to cash (all one’s winning cards in a long suit) successively

47. run a bath to turn on the taps to fill a bath with water for bathing oneself

48. run close to compete closely with; present a serious challenge to: he got the job, but a younger man ran him close.

49. run for it informal to attempt to escape from arrest, etc, by running

50. be run off one’s feet to be extremely busy

51. an act, instance, or period of running

52. a gait, pace, or motion faster than a walk: she went off at a run.

53. a distance covered by running or a period of running: a run of ten miles.

54. (Automotive Engineering) an act, instance, or period of travelling in a vehicle, esp for pleasure: to go for a run in the car.

55. free and unrestricted access: we had the run of the house and garden for the whole summer.

56. (Computer Science)

a. a period of time during which a machine, computer, etc, operates

b. the amount of work performed in such a period

57. (General Engineering)

a. a period of time during which a machine, computer, etc, operates

b. the amount of work performed in such a period

58. a continuous or sustained period: a run of good luck.

59. (Theatre) a continuous sequence of performances: the play had a good run.

60. (Card Games) cards a sequence of winning cards in one suit, usually more than five: a run of spades.

61. tendency or trend: the run of the market.

62. type, class, or category: the usual run of graduates.

63. (usually foll by on) a continuous and urgent demand: a run on butter; a run on the dollar.

64. (Knitting & Sewing) a series of unravelled stitches, esp in stockings or tights; ladder

65. the characteristic pattern or direction of something: the run of the grain on a piece of wood.

66. (Mining & Quarrying)

a. a continuous vein or seam of ore, coal, etc

b. the direction in which it lies

67.

a. a period during which water or other liquid flows

b. the amount of such a flow

68. a pipe, channel, etc, through which water or other liquid flows

69. (Physical Geography) US a small stream

70. (Skiing) a steeply inclined pathway or course, esp a snow-covered one used for skiing and bobsleigh racing. See also green run, blue run, red run, black run

71. (Individual Sports, other than specified) a steeply inclined pathway or course, esp a snow-covered one used for skiing and bobsleigh racing. See also green run, blue run, red run, black run

72. (Agriculture) an enclosure for domestic fowls or other animals, in which they have free movement: a chicken run.

73. (Agriculture) (esp in Australia and New Zealand) a tract of land for grazing livestock

74. (Zoology) a track or area frequented by animals: a deer run; a rabbit run.

75. (Zoology) a group of animals of the same species moving together

76. (Zoology) the migration of fish upstream in order to spawn

77. (Nautical Terms) nautical

a. the tack of a sailing vessel in which the wind comes from astern

b. part of the hull of a vessel near the stern where it curves upwards and inwards

78. (Military) military

a. a mission in a warplane

79. (Aeronautics) the movement of an aircraft along the ground during takeoff or landing

80. (Music, other) music a rapid scalelike passage of notes

81. (Cricket) cricket a score of one, normally achieved by both batsmen running from one end of the wicket to the other after one of them has hit the ball. Compare extra⁶, boundary^2c

82. (Baseball) baseball an instance of a batter touching all four bases safely, thereby scoring

83. (Golf) golf the distance that a ball rolls after hitting the ground

84. a run for one’s money informal

a. a strong challenge or close competition

b. pleasure derived from an activity

85. in the long run as the eventual outcome of a sequence of events, actions, etc; ultimately

86. in the short run as the immediate outcome of a series of events, etc

87. on the run

a. escaping from arrest; fugitive

b. in rapid flight; retreating: the enemy is on the run.

c. hurrying from place to place: she’s always on the run.

88. (Pathology) the runs slang diarrhoea

[Old English runnen, past participle of (ge)rinnan; related to Old Frisian, Old Norse rinna, Old Saxon, Gothic, Old High German rinnan]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

run

(rʌn)

v. ran, run, run•ning,
n., adj. v.i.

1. to go quickly by moving the legs more rapidly than at a walk and in such a manner that for an instant in each step all or both feet are off the ground.

2. to move or pass quickly.

3. to depart quickly; flee.

4. to have recourse for aid, comfort, etc.: He is always running to his parents.

5. to make a quick trip or visit: to run up to New York.

6. to move freely and without restraint: to run about in the park.

7. to move or roll forward: The ball ran into the street.

a. to take part in a race or contest.

b. to finish a race in a specified sequence: The horse ran second.

c. to advance a football by carrying it, as opposed to throwing or passing it.

9. to be a candidate for election.

10. (of fish) to migrate, as upstream or inshore for spawning.

11. (of a ship) to be sailed or driven from a proper or given route: to run aground.

12. to ply between places: The bus runs between New Haven and Hartford.

13. to creep, trail, or climb, as growing vines.

14. to unravel, as stitches or a fabric.

15. to flow in or as if in a stream: Tears ran from her eyes.

16. to include a specific range of variations: Your work runs from fair to bad.

17. to spread on being applied to a surface, as a liquid.

18. to undergo a spreading of colors: materials that run when washed.

19. to operate or function: the noise of a dishwasher running.

20. to encounter a certain condition: to run into trouble.

21. to amount; total: The bill ran to $100.

22. to be stated or worded: The text runs as follows.

23. Law.

a. to have legal force or effect, as a writ.

b. to go along: The easement runs with the land.

24. to continue, extend, or stretch: The story runs for eight pages.

25. to appear in print: The story ran in all the papers.

26. to be performed: The play ran for two years.

27. to last: The movie runs for three hours.

28. to spread rapidly: The news ran all over town.

29. to recur persistently: Musical ability runs in my family.

30. to tend to have a specified quality, form, etc.: This novel runs to long descriptions.

31. to be of a certain size, number, etc.: Potatoes are running large this year.

32. to sail before the wind.

v.t.

33. to move along (a surface, path, etc.): She ran her fingers over the keyboard.

34. to traverse (a distance) in running: He ran the mile in under four minutes.

35. to perform or accomplish by or as if by running: to run an errand; to run a race.

36. to ride or cause to gallop.

37. to enter in a race.

38. to pursue or hunt, as game: to run deer on foot.

39. to drive (an animal): to run a fox to cover.

40. to cause to ply: to run a ferry between New York and New Jersey.

41. to convey or transport: I’ll run you home in my car.

42. to cause to pass quickly: He ran a comb through his hair.

43. to get past or through: to run a blockade.

44. to disregard (a red traffic light) and continue ahead without stopping.

45. to smuggle (contraband goods).

46. to operate or drive: Can you run a tractor?

47. to print or publish: The paper ran the story on page one.

48. to allow (a ship, automobile, etc.) to depart from a proper or given route: ran the car up on the curb.

49. to sponsor as a candidate for election.

50. to manage or conduct: to run a business.

51. to process (the instructions in a program) by computer.

52. (in some games, as billiards) to continue or complete (a series of successful shots, strokes, or the like).

53. to expose oneself to (danger, a risk, etc.).

54. to cause (a liquid) to flow.

55. to fill (a tub or bath) with water.

56. to pour forth or discharge (a liquid).

57. to cause to move freely: to run a rope in a pulley.

58. to cause (a golf ball) to roll forward after landing from a stroke.

59. to sew in a running stitch.

60. to cause stitches in (a knitted fabric) to unravel: to run a stocking.

61. to bring or lead into a certain condition: They ran themselves into debt.

62. to drive, force, or thrust.

63. to graze; pasture.

64. to extend in a particular direction or to a given place: to run a cable under the road.

65. to cause to fuse and flow, as metal.

66. to cost (an amount): This watch runs $30.

67. to cost (a person) an amount: The car repair will run you $90.

68. run across, to meet or find accidentally.

69. run after,

a. to chase or pursue.

b. to seek to acquire.

70. run along, to leave; go away: Run along, little girl.

71. run around,

a. to engage in many and varied activities.

b. to be engaged in more than one romantic involvement.

72. run away, to flee or escape, esp. with no intent to return.

73. run away with,

a. to go away with, esp. to elope with.

b. to abscond with; steal.

c. to surpass others in.

d. to get by surpassing others, as a prize.

e. to overwhelm; get the better of: Sometimes his enthusiasm runs away with him.

74. run down,

a. to strike and overturn, esp. with a vehicle.

b. to chase after and seize: to run down criminals.

c. to read through quickly.

d. to cease operation; stop.

e. to speak disparagingly of.

f. to search out; find: to run down information.

g. Baseball. to tag out (a base runner) between bases.

75. run in,

a. to pay a casual visit.

b. to arrest.

c. Also, run on. to add (matter) to text without indenting.

76. run into,

a. to collide with.

b. to meet accidentally.

c. to amount to; total.

d. to become contiguous or virtually intermingled: one year running into the next.

77. run in with, to sail close to (a coast, vessel, etc.).

78. run off,

a. to leave quickly; run away.

b. to create quickly and easily: to run off a term paper in an hour.

c. to drive away; expel.

d. to print or duplicate: to run off 500 copies.

79. run off with,

a. to steal; abscond with.

b. to elope with.

80. run on,

a. to continue without relief or interruption.

b. to add at the end of a text.

81. run out,

a. to terminate; expire.

b. to become used up.

c. to drive out; expel.

82. run out of, to use up a supply of.

83. run out on, to withdraw one’s support from; abandon.

84. run over,

a. to hit and drive over with a vehicle, esp. so as to injure severely.

b. to go beyond; exceed: His speech ran over the time limit.

c. to repeat; review: Let’s run over that song again.

d. to overflow, as a container.

85. run through,

a. to pierce or stab, as with a sword.

b. to consume or squander.

c. to practice or rehearse.

86. run up,

a. to sew rapidly.

b. to amass; incur: running up huge debts.

c. to cause to increase; raise: to run up costs.

d. to build, esp. hurriedly.

87. run with,

a. to proceed with: If the board likes the idea, we’ll run with it.

b. to carry out with enthusiasm or speed.

88. an act or instance of running: a five-minute run.

89. a fleeing; flight.

90. a running pace.

91. an act or instance of moving rapidly, as in a boat or automobile.

92. the distance covered, as by running or racing.

93. the distance a golf ball rolls after landing from a stroke.

94. a quick trip.

95. a routine or regular trip.

96. any portion of a military flight during which the aircraft flies directly toward the target in order to begin its attack: a strafing run.

97. the rapid movement, under its own power, of an aircraft on a runway, water, or another surface.

98. a period of continuous operation of a machine.

99. the amount of anything produced in such a period: a daily run of 400,000 gallons of paint.

101. a place in knitted work where a series of stitches have come undone.

102. the direction of something or of its elements: the run of the grain in wood.

103. trend or tendency: the normal run of events.

104. freedom to move around in or use something: to have the run of the house.

105. a continuous series of performances or presentations: a run of two years on Broadway.

106. an uninterrupted course or spell: a run of good luck.

107. a continuous extent of something, as a vein of ore.

108. an uninterrupted series or sequence: a run of 10 winning games.

109. a sequence of cards in a given suit: run of hearts.

110. any extensive and continued demand: a run on umbrellas.

111. a series of sudden and urgent demands for payment, as on a bank.

112. a period of being in demand or favor.

113. a small stream; brook; rivulet.

114. a flow or rush, as of oil or water.

115. a kind or class, as of goods.

116. the typical or ordinary kind.

117. an inclined course, as on a slope: a bobsled run.

118. a trough or pipe for water or the like.

119. a large enclosure for domestic animals: a sheep run.

120. the usual trail of a group of animals: a deer run.

121. the movement of fish upstream or inshore, as for spawning.

122. a number of animals moving together.

123. Music. a rapid succession of notes; scale.

124. Baseball. the score unit made by safely running around all the bases and reaching home plate.

125. a series of successful shots, strokes, or the like in a game.

126. the runs, (used with a sing. or pl. v.) Informal. diarrhea.

adj.

127. melted or liquefied: run butter.

128. poured in a melted state, as into a mold: run bronze.

Idioms:

1. in the long run, in the course of long experience.

2. in the short run, in the near or immediate future.

3. on the run,

a. scurrying about to perform one’s activities.

b. while rushing to get somewhere: eating breakfast on the run.

c. moving from place to place so as to hide from the police.

4. run afoul of,

a. Naut. to collide with so as to cause damage and entanglement.

b. to encounter or engender the animosity of; anger: to run afoul of the law.

5. run a fever or temperature, to have or be affected by a fever.

6. run for it, to flee hurriedly, esp. to escape danger.

7. run scared, to be apprehensive about one’s personal or professional survival.

8. run short, to be in insufficient supply: My patience is running short.

9. run wild,

a. to grow unchecked.

b. to behave with lack of restraint or control.

[before 900; (v.) Middle English rinnen, rennen, partly < Old Norse rinna, renna, partly continuing Old English rinnan, iernan, iornan (c. Old Frisian rinna, Old Saxon, Old High German rinnan, Old Norse rinna, Gothic rinnan)]

run

1. That part of a flight of one photographic reconnaissance aircraft during which photographs are taken.
2. The transit of a sweeper-sweep combination or of a mine-hunter operating its equipment through a lap. This term may also be applied to a transit of any formation of sweepers.

Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. US Department of Defense 2005.

Run

an assemblage or school of fish that migrate.

Examples: run of eels, 1892; of fish; of salmon, 1887; of whales, 1820.

run

Past participle: run
Gerund: running

Imperative
run
run

Present
I run
you run
he/she/it runs
we run
you run
they run

Preterite
I ran
you ran
he/she/it ran
we ran
you ran
they ran

Present Continuous
I am running
you are running
he/she/it is running
we are running
you are running
they are running

Present Perfect
I have run
you have run
he/she/it has run
we have run
you have run
they have run

Past Continuous
I was running
you were running
he/she/it was running
we were running
you were running
they were running

Past Perfect
I had run
you had run
he/she/it had run
we had run
you had run
they had run

Future
I will run
you will run
he/she/it will run
we will run
you will run
they will run

Future Perfect
I will have run
you will have run
he/she/it will have run
we will have run
you will have run
they will have run

Future Continuous
I will be running
you will be running
he/she/it will be running
we will be running
you will be running
they will be running

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been running
you have been running
he/she/it has been running
we have been running
you have been running
they have been running

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been running
you will have been running
he/she/it will have been running
we will have been running
you will have been running
they will have been running

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been running
you had been running
he/she/it had been running
we had been running
you had been running
they had been running

Conditional
I would run
you would run
he/she/it would run
we would run
you would run
they would run

Past Conditional
I would have run
you would have run
he/she/it would have run
we would have run
you would have run
they would have run

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

run

1. A command to tell a computer to carry out a program. Can also imply loading, execution and output of a whole package.

2. Scored by a batter who progressively reaches first, second, third, and home bases without being put out.

3. Score usually achieved after one batsman has hit the ball and each batsman has run safely to reach the opposite wicket.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	run — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely; «the Yankees scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th»; «their first tally came in the 3rd inning» tally score — the act of scoring in a game or sport; «the winning score came with less than a minute left to play» earned run — a run that was not scored as the result of an error by the other team unearned run — a run that was scored as a result of an error by the other team rbi, run batted in — a run that is the result of the batter’s performance; «he had more than 100 rbi last season»
	2.	run — the act of testing something; «in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately»; «he called each flip of the coin a new trial» trial, test attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; «made an effort to cover all the reading material»; «wished him luck in his endeavor»; «she gave it a good try» assay — a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc. clinical test, clinical trial — a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use double blind — a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results preclinical phase, preclinical test, preclinical trial — a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial audition, tryout — a test of the suitability of a performer field trial — a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving trying on, try-on, fitting — putting clothes on to see whether they fit Ministry of Transportation test, MOT test, MOT — a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes pilot program, pilot project — activity planned as a test or trial; «they funded a pilot project in six states» Snellen test — a test of visual acuity using a Snellen chart
	3.	run — a race run on foot; «she broke the record for the half-mile run» foot race, footrace fun run, funrun — a footrace run for fun (often including runners who are sponsored for a charity) marathon — a footrace of 26 miles 385 yards obstacle race — a race in which competitors must negotiate obstacles steeplechase — a footrace of usually 3000 meters over a closed track with hurdles and a water jump track event — a footrace performed on a track (indoor or outdoor)
	4.	run — an unbroken series of events; «had a streak of bad luck»; «Nicklaus had a run of birdies» streak succession — a group of people or things arranged or following in order; «a succession of stalls offering soft drinks»; «a succession of failures» losing streak — a streak of losses winning streak — a streak of wins
	5.	run — (American football) a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team; «the defensive line braced to stop the run»; «the coach put great emphasis on running» running, running game, running play American football, American football game — a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays football play — (American football) a play by the offensive team draw play, draw — (American football) the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage end run, sweep — (American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line return — (American football) the act of running back the ball after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble reverse — (American football) a running play in which a back running in one direction hands the ball to a back running in the opposite direction rushing, rush — (American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line; «the linebackers were ready to stop a rush»
	6.	run — a regular trip; «the ship made its run in record time» trip — a journey for some purpose (usually including the return); «he took a trip to the shopping center»
	7.	run — the act of running; traveling on foot at a fast pace; «he broke into a run»; «his daily run keeps him fit» running locomotion, travel — self-propelled movement sprint, dash — a quick run
	8.	run — the continuous period of time during which something (a machine or a factory) operates or continues in operation; «the assembly line was on a 12-hour run» period, period of time, time period — an amount of time; «a time period of 30 years»; «hastened the period of time of his recovery»; «Picasso’s blue period» press run, print run — the period that presses run to produce an issue of a newspaper run-time — (computer science) the length of time it takes to execute a software program
	9.	run — unrestricted freedom to use; «he has the run of the house» liberty — freedom of choice; «liberty of opinion»; «liberty of worship»; «liberty—perfect liberty—to think or feel or do just as one pleases»; «at liberty to choose whatever occupation one wishes»
	10.	run — the production achieved during a continuous period of operation (of a machine or factory etc.); «a daily run of 100,000 gallons of paint» indefinite quantity — an estimated quantity
	11.	run — a small stream rill, rivulet, runnel, streamlet stream, watercourse — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth
	12.	run — a race between candidates for elective office; «I managed his campaign for governor»; «he is raising money for a Senate run» campaign, political campaign campaign for governor, governor’s race — a race for election to the governorship senate campaign, senate race — a race for election to the senate
	13.	run — a row of unravelled stitches; «she got a run in her stocking» ravel, ladder damage, impairment, harm — the occurrence of a change for the worse
	14.	run — the pouring forth of a fluid outpouring, discharge flow, flowing — the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases) spirt, spurt, squirt, jet — the occurrence of a sudden discharge (as of liquid) leakage, outflow, leak, escape — the discharge of a fluid from some container; «they tried to stop the escape of gas from the damaged pipe»; «he had to clean up the leak»
	15.	run — an unbroken chronological sequence; «the play had a long run on Broadway»; «the team enjoyed a brief run of victories» chronological sequence, chronological succession, succession, successiveness, sequence — a following of one thing after another in time; «the doctor saw a sequence of patients»
	16.	run — a short trip; «take a run into town» trip — a journey for some purpose (usually including the return); «he took a trip to the shopping center»
Verb	1.	run — move fast by using one’s feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time; «Don’t run—you’ll be out of breath»; «The children ran to the store» trot, clip, jog — run at a moderately swift pace scamper, scurry, scuttle, skitter — to move about or proceed hurriedly; «so terrified by the extraordinary ebbing of the sea that they scurried to higher ground» run — cover by running; run a certain distance; «She ran 10 miles that day» romp — run easily and fairly fast run bases — run around the bases, in baseball streak — run naked in a public place run — run with the ball; in such sports as football outrun — run faster than; «in this race, I managed to outran everybody else» jog — run for exercise; «jog along the canal» sprint — run very fast, usually for a short distance lope — run easily hurry, travel rapidly, zip, speed — move very fast; «The runner zipped past us at breakneck speed» rush — run with the ball, in football hare — run quickly, like a hare; «He hared down the hill» frisk, frolic, gambol, lark, lark about, rollick, romp, run around, skylark, cavort, disport, sport — play boisterously; «The children frolicked in the garden»; «the gamboling lambs in the meadows»; «The toddlers romped in the playroom» fly the coop, head for the hills, hightail it, lam, run away, scarper, scat, take to the woods, turn tail, run, bunk, break away, escape — flee; take to one’s heels; cut and run; «If you see this man, run!»; «The burglars escaped before the police showed up»
	2.	run — flee; take to one’s heels; cut and run; «If you see this man, run!»; «The burglars escaped before the police showed up» fly the coop, head for the hills, hightail it, lam, run away, scarper, scat, take to the woods, turn tail, bunk, break away, escape go forth, leave, go away — go away from a place; «At what time does your train leave?»; «She didn’t leave until midnight»; «The ship leaves at midnight» flee, take flight, fly — run away quickly; «He threw down his gun and fled» skedaddle — run away, as if in a panic
	3.	run — stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point; «Service runs all the way to Cranbury»; «His knowledge doesn’t go very far»; «My memory extends back to my fourth year of life»; «The facts extend beyond a consideration of her personal assets» extend, lead, pass, go be — occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; «Where is my umbrella?» «The toolshed is in the back»; «What is behind this behavior?» come — extend or reach; «The water came up to my waist»; «The sleeves come to your knuckles» ray, radiate — extend or spread outward from a center or focus or inward towards a center; «spokes radiate from the hub of the wheel»; «This plants radiate spines in all directions» range, run — change or be different within limits; «Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion»; «Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent»; «The instruments ranged from tuba to cymbals»; «My students range from very bright to dull» go deep, go far — extend in importance or range; «His accomplishments go far» line, run along — be in line with; form a line along; «trees line the riverbank»
	4.	run — direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.; «She is running a relief operation in the Sudan» operate financier — conduct financial operations, often in an unethical manner direct — be in charge of work — operate in or through; «Work the phones» block — run on a block system; «block trains» warm up — run until the normal working temperature is reached; «We warmed up the car for a few minutes»
	5.	run — have a particular form; «the story or argument runs as follows»; «as the saying goes…» go be — have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); «John is rich»; «This is not a good answer»
	6.	run — move along, of liquids; «Water flowed into the cave»; «the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi» course, flow, feed flush — flow freely; «The garbage flushed down the river» jet, gush — issue in a jet; come out in a jet; stream or spring forth; «Water jetted forth»; «flames were jetting out of the building» move — move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion; «He moved his hand slightly to the right» tide, surge — rise or move forward; «surging waves» circulate — move through a space, circuit or system, returning to the starting point; «Blood circulates in my veins»; «The air here does not circulate» eddy, purl, whirlpool, swirl, whirl — flow in a circular current, of liquids waste, run off — run off as waste; «The water wastes back into the ocean» run down — move downward; «The water ran down» pour — flow in a spurt; «Water poured all over the floor» spill, run out — flow, run or fall out and become lost; «The milk spilled across the floor»; «The wine spilled onto the table» well out, stream — flow freely and abundantly; «Tears streamed down her face» dribble, trickle, filter — run or flow slowly, as in drops or in an unsteady stream; «water trickled onto the lawn from the broken hose»; «reports began to dribble in» drain, run out — flow off gradually; «The rain water drains into this big vat» ooze, seep — pass gradually or leak through or as if through small openings gutter — flow in small streams; «Tears guttered down her face» brim over, overflow, well over, run over, overrun — flow or run over (a limit or brim)
	7.	run — perform as expected when applied; «The washing machine won’t go unless it’s plugged in»; «Does this old car still run well?»; «This old radio doesn’t work anymore» function, operate, work, go double — do double duty; serve two purposes or have two functions; «She doubles as his wife and secretary» roll — begin operating or running; «The cameras were rolling»; «The presses are already rolling» run — be operating, running or functioning; «The car is still running—turn it off!» cut — function as a cutting instrument; «This knife cuts well» work — operate in or through; «Work the phones» service, serve — be used by; as of a utility; «The sewage plant served the neighboring communities»; «The garage served to shelter his horses»
	8.	run — change or be different within limits; «Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion»; «Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent»; «The instruments ranged from tuba to cymbals»; «My students range from very bright to dull» range be — have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); «John is rich»; «This is not a good answer» extend, run, lead, pass, go — stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point; «Service runs all the way to Cranbury»; «His knowledge doesn’t go very far»; «My memory extends back to my fourth year of life»; «The facts extend beyond a consideration of her personal assets» lead, run — cause something to pass or lead somewhere; «Run the wire behind the cabinet»
	9.	run — run, stand, or compete for an office or a position; «Who’s running for treasurer this year?» campaign run — compete in a race; «he is running the Marathon this year»; «let’s race and see who gets there first» stump — travel through a district and make political speeches; «the candidate stumped the Northeast» rerun — run again for office; «Bush wants to rerun in 1996» whistlestop — tour the country in order to solicit votes for an election cross-file, register — have one’s name listed as a candidate for several parties
	10.	run — cause to emit recorded audio or video; «They ran the tapes over and over again»; «I’ll play you my favorite record»; «He never tires of playing that video» play run — cause to perform; «run a subject»; «run a process» play — emit recorded sound; «The tape was playing for hours»; «the stereo was playing Beethoven when I entered» execute, run — carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine; «Run the dishwasher»; «run a new program on the Mac»; «the computer executed the instruction»
	11.	run — move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way; «who are these people running around in the building?»; «She runs around telling everyone of her troubles»; «let the dogs run free» go, locomote, move, travel — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; «How fast does your new car go?»; «We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus»; «The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect»; «The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell»; «news travelled fast» run — travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means; «Run to the store!»; «She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there» run — set animals loose to graze
	12.	run — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined; «She tends to be nervous before her lectures»; «These dresses run small»; «He inclined to corpulence» be given, incline, tend, lean be — have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); «John is rich»; «This is not a good answer» take kindly to — be willing or inclined to accept; «He did not take kindly to my critical remarks» suffer — be given to; «She suffers from a tendency to talk too much» gravitate — move toward; «The conversation gravitated towards politics»
	13.	run — be operating, running or functioning; «The car is still running—turn it off!» function, operate, work, run, go — perform as expected when applied; «The washing machine won’t go unless it’s plugged in»; «Does this old car still run well?»; «This old radio doesn’t work anymore» idle, tick over — run disconnected or idle; «the engine is idling»
	14.	run — change from one state to another; «run amok»; «run rogue»; «run riot» become, get, go — enter or assume a certain state or condition; «He became annoyed when he heard the bad news»; «It must be getting more serious»; «her face went red with anger»; «She went into ecstasy»; «Get going!»
	15.	run — cause to perform; «run a subject»; «run a process» process, treat — subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition; «process cheese»; «process hair»; «treat the water so it can be drunk»; «treat the lawn with chemicals» ; «treat an oil spill» rerun — cause to perform again; «We have to rerun the subjects—they misunderstood the instructions» run, play — cause to emit recorded audio or video; «They ran the tapes over and over again»; «I’ll play you my favorite record»; «He never tires of playing that video»
	16.	run — be affected by; be subjected to; «run a temperature»; «run a risk» incur — make oneself subject to; bring upon oneself; become liable to; «People who smoke incur a great danger to their health»
	17.	run — continue to exist; «These stories die hard»; «The legend of Elvis endures» die hard, persist, prevail, endure continue — exist over a prolonged period of time; «The bad weather continued for two more weeks» carry over — transfer or persist from one stage or sphere of activity to another run — occur persistently; «Musical talent runs in the family» reverberate — have a long or continuing effect; «The discussions with my teacher reverberated throughout my adult life»
	18.	run — occur persistently; «Musical talent runs in the family» occur — to be found to exist; «sexism occurs in many workplaces»; «precious stones occur in a large area in Brazil» die hard, persist, prevail, endure, run — continue to exist; «These stories die hard»; «The legend of Elvis endures»
	19.	run — carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine; «Run the dishwasher»; «run a new program on the Mac»; «the computer executed the instruction» execute run, play — cause to emit recorded audio or video; «They ran the tapes over and over again»; «I’ll play you my favorite record»; «He never tires of playing that video» enforce, implement, apply — ensure observance of laws and rules; «Apply the rules to everyone»; step — cause (a computer) to execute a single command
	20.	run — include as the content; broadcast or publicize; «We ran the ad three times»; «This paper carries a restaurant review»; «All major networks carried the press conference» carry disseminate, pass around, circulate, diffuse, broadcast, circularise, circularize, spread, disperse, propagate, distribute — cause to become widely known; «spread information»; «circulate a rumor»; «broadcast the news»
	21.	run — carry out; «run an errand» accomplish, carry out, carry through, fulfil, fulfill, action, execute — put in effect; «carry out a task»; «execute the decision of the people»; «He actioned the operation»
	22.	run — pass over, across, or through; «He ran his eyes over her body»; «She ran her fingers along the carved figurine»; «He drew her hair through his fingers» guide, pass, draw rub — move over something with pressure; «rub my hands»; «rub oil into her skin» string, thread, draw — thread on or as if on a string; «string pearls on a string»; «the child drew glass beads on a string»; «thread dried cranberries» thread — pass through or into; «thread tape»; «thread film» thread — pass a thread through; «thread a needle» lead, run — cause something to pass or lead somewhere; «Run the wire behind the cabinet»
	23.	run — cause something to pass or lead somewhere; «Run the wire behind the cabinet» lead guide, pass, run, draw — pass over, across, or through; «He ran his eyes over her body»; «She ran her fingers along the carved figurine»; «He drew her hair through his fingers» make pass, pass — cause to pass; «She passed around the plates» range, run — change or be different within limits; «Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion»; «Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent»; «The instruments ranged from tuba to cymbals»; «My students range from very bright to dull»
	24.	run — make without a miss athletics, sport — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition bring home the bacon, deliver the goods, succeed, win, come through — attain success or reach a desired goal; «The enterprise succeeded»; «We succeeded in getting tickets to the show»; «she struggled to overcome her handicap and won»
	25.	run — deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor black market crime, criminal offence, criminal offense, law-breaking, offense, offence — (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act; «a long record of crimes» ply, run — travel a route regularly; «Ships ply the waters near the coast» merchandise, trade — engage in the trade of; «he is merchandising telephone sets»
	26.	run — cause an animal to move fast; «run the dogs» hunt, hunt down, track down, run — pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals); «Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland»; «The dogs are running deer»; «The Duke hunted in these woods» move, displace — cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense; «Move those boxes into the corner, please»; «I’m moving my money to another bank»; «The director moved more responsibilities onto his new assistant»
	27.	run — be diffused; «These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run» bleed melt, melt down, run — reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating; «melt butter»; «melt down gold»; «The wax melted in the sun» diffuse, fan out, spread out, spread — move outward; «The soldiers fanned out» crock — release color when rubbed, of badly dyed fabric
	28.	run — sail before the wind sail — travel on water propelled by wind; «I love sailing, especially on the open sea»; «the ship sails on»
	29.	run — cover by running; run a certain distance; «She ran 10 miles that day» run — move fast by using one’s feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time; «Don’t run—you’ll be out of breath»; «The children ran to the store» go across, pass, go through — go across or through; «We passed the point where the police car had parked»; «A terrible thought went through his mind»
	30.	run — extend or continue for a certain period of time; «The film runs 5 hours» run for last, endure — persist for a specified period of time; «The bad weather lasted for three days»
	31.	run — set animals loose to graze run — move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way; «who are these people running around in the building?»; «She runs around telling everyone of her troubles»; «let the dogs run free» free, loose, unloose, unloosen, release, liberate — grant freedom to; free from confinement
	32.	run — keep company; «the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring» consort accompany — go or travel along with; «The nurse accompanied the old lady everywhere»
	33.	run — run with the ball; in such sports as football athletics, sport — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition run — move fast by using one’s feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time; «Don’t run—you’ll be out of breath»; «The children ran to the store»
	34.	run — travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means; «Run to the store!»; «She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there» go, locomote, move, travel — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; «How fast does your new car go?»; «We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus»; «The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect»; «The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell»; «news travelled fast» run — move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way; «who are these people running around in the building?»; «She runs around telling everyone of her troubles»; «let the dogs run free»
	35.	run — travel a route regularly; «Ships ply the waters near the coast» ply jaunt, travel, trip — make a trip for pleasure black market, run — deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor
	36.	run — pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals); «Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland»; «The dogs are running deer»; «The Duke hunted in these woods» hunt, hunt down, track down snipe — hunt or shoot snipe whale — hunt for whales still-hunt, ambush — hunt (quarry) by stalking and ambushing turtle — hunt for turtles, especially as an occupation drive — hunting: chase from cover into more open ground; «drive the game» drive — hunting: search for game; «drive the forest» rabbit — hunt rabbits fowl — hunt fowl in the forest poach — hunt illegally; «people are poaching elephants for their ivory» seal — hunt seals ferret — hunt with ferrets hunt — search (an area) for prey; «The King used to hunt these forests» course — hunt with hounds; «He often courses hares» foxhunt — hunt foxes, on horseback and with dogs jacklight, jack — hunt with a jacklight hawk — hunt with hawks; «the tribes like to hawk in the desert» falcon — hunt with falcons; «The tribes like to falcon in the desert» fowl — hunt fowl capture, catch — capture as if by hunting, snaring, or trapping; «I caught a rabbit in the trap today» run — cause an animal to move fast; «run the dogs» forage, scrounge — collect or look around for (food)
	37.	run — compete in a race; «he is running the Marathon this year»; «let’s race and see who gets there first» race compete, vie, contend — compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others show — finish third or better in a horse or dog race; «he bet $2 on number six to show» place — finish second or better in a horse or dog race; «he bet $2 on number six to place» boat-race — participate in a boat race horse-race — compete in a horse race campaign, run — run, stand, or compete for an office or a position; «Who’s running for treasurer this year?» speed skate — race on skates run off — decide (a contest or competition) by a runoff
	38.	run — progress by being changed; «The speech has to go through several more drafts»; «run through your presentation before the meeting» move, go change — undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one’s or its original nature; «She changed completely as she grew older»; «The weather changed last night»
	39.	run — reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating; «melt butter»; «melt down gold»; «The wax melted in the sun» melt, melt down fuse — make liquid or plastic by heating; «The storm fused the electric mains» try, render — melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities; «try the yak butter»; «render fat in a casserole» dissolve, break up, resolve — cause to go into a solution; «The recipe says that we should dissolve a cup of sugar in two cups of water» bleed, run — be diffused; «These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run»
	40.	run — come unraveled or undone as if by snagging; «Her nylons were running» ladder unravel, run — become undone; «the sweater unraveled» come apart, break, split up, fall apart, separate — become separated into pieces or fragments; «The figurine broke»; «The freshly baked loaf fell apart»
	41.	run — become undone; «the sweater unraveled» unravel ladder, run — come unraveled or undone as if by snagging; «Her nylons were running» disintegrate — break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity; «The material disintegrated»; «the group disintegrated after the leader died»

run

verb

1. race, speed, rush, dash, hurry, career, barrel (along) (informal, chiefly U.S. & Canad.), sprint, scramble, bolt, dart, gallop, hare (Brit. informal), jog, scud, hasten, scurry, stampede, scamper, leg it (informal), lope, hie, hotfoot I excused myself and ran back to the telephone.
race walk, creep, crawl, dawdle

2. flee, escape, take off (informal), depart, bolt, clear out, beat it (slang), leg it (informal), make off, abscond, decamp, take flight, do a runner (slang), scarper (Brit. slang), slope off, cut and run (informal), make a run for it, fly the coop (U.S. & Canad. informal), beat a retreat, show a clean pair of heels, skedaddle (informal), take a powder (U.S. & Canad. slang), take it on the lam (U.S. & Canad. slang), take to your heels As they closed in on him, he turned and ran.
flee remain, stay

5. (Chiefly U.S. & Canad.) compete, stand, contend, be a candidate, put yourself up for, take part, challenge He announced he would run for president.

6. manage, lead, direct, be in charge of, own, head, control, boss (informal), operate, handle, conduct, look after, carry on, regulate, take care of, administer, oversee, supervise, mastermind, coordinate, superintend His father ran a prosperous business.

14. flow, pour, stream, cascade, go, move, issue, proceed, leak, spill, discharge, gush, spout, course cisterns to catch rainwater as it ran off the walls

15. spread, mix, bleed, be diffused, lose colour The ink had run on the wet paper.

18. be staged, be on, be presented, be produced, be put on, be performed, be mounted The play ran for only 3 years in the West End.

19. be valid, be in force, be legally binding The contract was to run from 1992 to 2020.

20. melt, dissolve, liquefy, go soft, turn to liquid The pitch between the planks of the deck melted and ran.

21. unravel, tear, ladder, come apart, come undone ladders in your tights gradually running all the way up your leg

noun

2. ride, drive, trip, lift, journey, spin (informal), outing, excursion, jaunt, joy ride (informal), awayday Take them for a run in the car.

4. sequence, period, stretch, spell, course, season, round, series, chain, cycle, string, passage, streak Their run of luck is holding.

5. free use, unrestricted access to, a free hand in, unrestricted use of He had the run of the house and the pool.

9. direction, way, course, current, movement, progress, flow, path, trend, motion, passage, stream, tendency, drift, tide, tenor The only try came against the run of play.

11. (with on) sudden demand for, pressure for, clamour for, rush for A run on sterling has killed hopes of a rate cut.

on the run

run along go away, clear off (informal), beat it (informal), on your way, shoo, buzz off (informal), scram (informal), bog off (Brit. slang), skedaddle (informal), be off with you, make yourself scarce Run along now and play for a bit.

run away flee, escape, take off, bolt, run off, clear out, beat it (slang), abscond, decamp, take flight, hook it (slang), do a runner (slang), scarper (Brit. slang), cut and run (informal), make a run for it, turn tail, do a bunk (Brit. slang), scram (informal), fly the coop (U.S. & Canad. informal), show a clean pair of heels, skedaddle (informal), take a powder (U.S. & Canad. slang), take it on the lam (U.S. & Canad. slang), take to your heels I ran away from home when I was sixteen.

run away with something or someone

run for it flee, fly, escape, take off, bolt, make off, abscond, decamp, take flight, do a runner (slang), scarper (Brit. slang), cut and run (informal), do a bunk (Brit. slang), scram (informal), fly the coop (U.S. & Canad. informal), make a break for it, show a clean pair of heels, skedaddle (informal), take a powder (U.S. & Canad. slang), take it on the lam (U.S. & Canad. slang) Get out, run for it!

run high be intense, be strong, be passionate, be vehement, be impassioned Feelings there have been running high.

run into something

1. be beset by, encounter, meet with, come across or upon, face, experience, be confronted by, happen on or upon They ran into financial problems.

run off flee, escape, bolt, run away, clear out, make off, decamp, take flight, hook it (slang), do a runner (slang), scarper (Brit. slang), cut and run (informal), turn tail, fly the coop (U.S. & Canad. informal), show a clean pair of heels, skedaddle (informal), take a powder (U.S. & Canad. slang), take it on the lam (U.S. & Canad. slang), take to your heels He then ran off towards a nearby underground railway station.

run off with something steal, take, lift (informal), nick (slang, chiefly Brit.), trouser (slang), pinch (informal), swipe (slang), knock off (slang), run away with, make off with, embezzle, misappropriate, purloin, filch, walk or make off with Who ran off with the money?

run on something or someone dwell on, be dominated by, be concerned with, be preoccupied with, revolve round, centre round, be fixated with My thoughts ran on my losses.

run out

run out of something exhaust your supply of, be out of, be cleaned out, have no more, have none left, have no remaining The plane ran out of fuel.

run over something

1. exceed, overstep, go over the top of, go beyond the bounds of, go over the limit of Phase one has run over budget.

run someone in (Informal) arrest, apprehend, pull in (Brit. slang), take into custody, lift (slang), pick up, jail, nail (informal), bust (informal), collar (informal), pinch (informal), nab (informal), throw in jail, take to jail, feel your collar (slang) They had run him in on a petty charge.

run something in break in gently, run gently He hardly had the time to run the car in.

run something or someone down

1. criticize, denigrate, belittle, revile, knock (informal), flame (informal), rubbish (informal), put down, slag (off) (slang), disparage, decry, vilify, diss (slang, chiefly U.S.), defame, bad-mouth (slang, chiefly U.S. & Canad.), speak ill of, asperse He was running down state schools.

run through something

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

run

verb

1. To move swiftly on foot so that both feet leave the ground during each stride:

2. To move swiftly:

bolt, bucket, bustle, dart, dash, festinate, flash, fleet, flit, fly, haste, hasten, hurry, hustle, pelt, race, rocket, rush, sail, scoot, scour, shoot, speed, sprint, tear, trot, whirl, whisk, whiz, wing, zip, zoom.

Chiefly British: nip.

Idioms: get a move on, get cracking, go like lightning, go like the wind, hotfoot it, make haste, make time, make tracks, run like the wind, shake a leg, step on it.

4. To move or proceed away from a place.Also used with along:

depart, exit, get away, get off, go, go away, leave, pull out, quit, retire, withdraw.

5. To be with as a companion.Also used with around:

6. To look to when in need:

7. To complete a race or competition in a specified position:

8. To move freely as a liquid:

9. To come forth or emit in abundance:

10. To change from a solid to a liquid:

11. To proceed on a certain course or for a certain distance:

12. To change or fluctuate within limits:

14. To urge to move along:

15. To look for and pursue (game) in order to capture or kill it:

16. To perform a function effectively:

17. To set or keep going:

18. To control or direct the functioning of:

19. To import or export secretly and illegally:

Idiom: run contraband.

20. To separate or pull apart by force:

21. To cause to penetrate with force:

22. To control the course of (an activity):

23. To have charge of (the affairs of others):

phrasal verb
run across

To find or meet by chance:

phrasal verb
run after

To follow (another) with the intent of overtaking and capturing:

phrasal verb
run away

To break loose and leave suddenly, as from confinement or from a difficult or threatening situation:

Informal: skip (out).

phrasal verb
run down

1. To lose so much strength and power as to become ineffective or motionless:

3. To think, represent, or speak of as small or unimportant:

belittle, decry, denigrate, deprecate, depreciate, derogate, detract, discount, disparage, downgrade, minimize, slight, talk down.

4. To give a recapitulation of the salient facts of:

phrasal verb
run in

1. Slang. To take into custody as a prisoner:

2. To go to or seek out the company of in order to socialize:

call, come by, come over, drop by, drop in, look in, look up, pop in, see, stop (by or in), visit.

phrasal verb
run into

1. To find or meet by chance:

3. To come to in number or quantity:

phrasal verb
run on

To talk volubly, persistently, and usually inconsequentially:

phrasal verb
run out

1. To make or become no longer active or productive:

2. To prove deficient or insufficient:

3. To become void, especially through passage of time or an omission:

phrasal verb
run through

2. To give a recapitulation of the salient facts of:

3. To look through reading matter casually:

phrasal verb
run up

To make or become greater or larger:

aggrandize, amplify, augment, boost, build, build up, burgeon, enlarge, escalate, expand, extend, grow, increase, magnify, mount, multiply, proliferate, rise, snowball, soar, swell, upsurge, wax.

noun

1. A trip in a motor vehicle:

2. Chiefly Regional. A small stream:

3. A hole made by tearing:

4. A number of things placed or occurring one after the other:

chain, consecution, course, order, procession, progression, round, sequence, series, string, succession, suite, train.

Translations

إسْتِعْمال مَجّانيبَيْت القَلَمرِحْلَه، شَوْطرَكْضرَكْضَه في الكريكيت وتُساوي نُقْطَة

бягамтичам

běhběžettécivéstvézt

løbekøreløbkøreturlade løbe

kuri

juostajuoksu

לרוץ

दौड़ना

ićitrčanjetrčati

futfutáshaladkifutóközlekedik

jalanlari

hlaupahlupiðkeyra, eigakeyra, gefa farláta hlaupa í kapphlaupi; hlaupa, keppa

ランルート区間小川早歩き

달리다뛰기이어지다

currere

bėgtibėgti šalinbesislapstantisbūti rodomamdalyvauti lenktynėse

aizvestaploksbrauktbrīvībaceļojums

cârmăduratăjfluxfugăgolf

bežaťposúvať sapúšťaťrozpíjať savoľné použitie

tečitekvoditivozitidelovati

trčatiтрчати

springaspringtur

kukimbia

การวิ่งตัดผ่านวิ่งวิ่ง, วิ่งหนี

chạychạy theo đườngsự chạychảy

run

[rʌn] (ran (vb: pt) (run (pp)))

C. VI

14. (Comput) → ejecutarse

run along VI + ADV run along now! (to child) → ¡hala, vete!; (to children) → ¡idos ya!

run away VI + ADV

run away with VI + PREP

1. [+ money, jewels etc] → llevarse; [+ person] → fugarse con
don’t run away with the idea that (fig) → no te vayas a imaginar que …

2. (= control) he let his imagination run away with him → se dejó llevar por su imaginación
don’t let your feelings run away with you → no te dejes dominar por las emociones

4. (= use up) [+ funds, resources] → comerse
it simply runs away with the money → es que se come todo el dinero

run back

A. VT + ADV

2. (= drive) [+ person] → llevar (a su casa ) en coche

run down

A. VT + ADV

2. (esp Brit) (= reduce) [+ production] → ir reduciendo; [+ supplies] → agotar

run in VT + ADV

run into VI + PREP

run off

A. VI + ADV

2. (= drain away) [water] → correr

run on

run out

run out on VI + PREP (= abandon) → abandonar
she ran out on her husband → abandonó a su marido
you’re not going to run out on us now? → ¿no nos irás a dejar tirados?

run over

run through

run to VI + PREP

run up

A. VT + ADV

3. [+ flag] → izar

B. VI + ADV
see run C1

C. VI + PREP
see run C6

run up against VI + PREP [+ problem etc] → tropezar con
to run up against sb → tener que habérselas con algn

Collins Spanish Dictionary — Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

run

[ˈrʌn]

vb [ran] [ˈræn] (pt) [run] [ˈrʌn] (pp)

(COMPUTING) [+ program] → exécuter

(= pass) → passer
She ran her finger down a list of names
BUT Elle suivit du doigt la liste de noms.
to run sth over sth [+ hand, finger] → passer qch sur qch
He ran his hand over his ribs → Il passa sa main sur ses côtes.
He ran his eyes quickly over the contents
BUT Il jeta un rapide coup d’œil sur le contenu.
to run sth through sth [+ rope, pipe] → faire passer qch à travers qch
He ran her card through the machine
BUT Il passa sa carte dans la machine.

(= own and use) [+ car] → avoir
I can’t afford to run a car → Je ne peux pas me permettre d’avoir une voiture.
to be cheap to run → être peu coûteux/euse à l’entretien
The car is very cheap to run → La voiture est très économique (à l’usage).

(= play) [+ tape] → passer

(= cover) [+ distance] → courir
I ran five kilometres → J’ai couru cinq kilomètres.
he’d run a mile (= be horrified)
He’d run a mile if she asked him out → Il partirait en courant si elle lui demandait de sortir avec elle.

(= drive) → conduire
I can run you to the station → Je peux te conduire à la gare.

(= go through) [+ blockade] → forcer; [+ red lights] → griller

(= publish) [+ story, article] → passer

to be run off one’s feet (British) (= very busy) → ne plus savoir où donner de la tête

(= move fast) [person, animal] → courir
Antonia ran to meet them → Antonia courut à leur rencontre.
I ran downstairs to open the door → J’ai couru en bas pour ouvrir la porte.
run for your life! → sauve-toi vite!
to run for it → prendre les jambes à son cou

(COMPUTING) [program] → tourner

(= flow) [river, bath, tap] → couler; [tears, water] → couler
Don’t leave the tap running → Ne laisse pas couler le robinet.
Tears were running down the side of his face → Les larmes coulaient sur ses joues.
Your nose is running → Ton nez coule.

(= melt) [butter, ice-cream, wax] → fondre

(= become) to run dry [river, well] → s’assécher
to run short → s’amenuiser
Time is running short → Le temps s’amenuise.
to run low → s’amenuiser
Food was running low → La nourriture s’amenuisait., Les réserves de nourriture s’amenuisaient.

(= be) to run high [feelings] → s’exacerber
tempers were running high → les esprits s’échauffaient
to be running late [bus, train, person] → être en retard
I’m running late again → Je suis encore en retard.
to be running scared → avoir peur
to be running at (= be at the moment)
Unemployment is running at 20 per cent → Le taux de chômage est de 20 pour cent.

(= try to catch) → courir après
You should have run after her → Vous auriez dû lui courir après.

[person] → s’enfuir
They ran away before the police came → Ils se sont enfuis avant l’arrivée de la police.
I ran away from home when I was sixteen → Je me suis enfui de chez moi lorsque j’avais seize ans.
to run away from sth [+ problems, reality] → refuser d’affronter qch
to run away with sb (= elope) → s’enfuir avec qn
to run away with sth (= win easily) → s’adjuger qch

[water, juice] → s’écouler

run away with

vt fus
to let sth run away with you [temper, anger, imagination]
He let his temper run away with him → Il s’est laissé emporter par son humeur.
Don’t let your imagination run away with you → Ne te laisse pas emporter par ton imagination.

run by

vt sep

to run sth by sb (= see what they think) → soumettre qch à qn

(= repeat) run that by me again → répétez-moi ça

run down

[clock] → s’arrêter (faute d’avoir été remonté)

vt sep

[+ water] → laisser s’écouler; [+ juice] → laisser s’écouler

(= make) [+ copy] → tirer

run out

vt sep

(= look through) [+ notes, options, lines] → examiner

vt sep
to run sth past sb (= see what they think) → soumettre qch à qn

run through

vt fus [+ instructions] → revoir

run up

vt sep [+ debt] → laisser s’accumuler
He ran up a £1,400 bill at the hotel → Il a laissé une facture de 1 400 livres à l’hôtel.

run up against

vt fus [+ difficulties, opposition] → se heurter à

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

run

vb: pret <ran>, ptp <run>

NOUN

= act of running → Lauf m (also Cricket, Baseball, Comput); to go for a 2-km run → einen 2-km-Lauf machen; his run is slower than my walk → ich kann schneller gehen, als er laufen kann; let the dog have a run → lass den Hund laufen; he set off at a run → er rannte los; he took the fence at a run → er nahm die Hürde im Lauf; to break into a run → zu laufen or rennen anfangen; to take a run at a hurdle → auf eine Hürde loslaufen; to make a run for it → weglaufen, wegrennen; he made a run for the door → er lief or rannte zur Tür; he’s had a good run (= long life) → er hatte ein langes Leben
? on the run (from the police etc) → auf der Flucht; at last we’ve got them on the run! → endlich haben wir sie in die Flucht geschlagen!; to keep the enemy on the run → den Feind weiter zur Flucht zwingen; the house and family keep you on the run → Haus und Familie halten einen ganz schön auf Trab (inf)
? a good run for one’s money we’ll give him a good run for his money, he’ll have a good run for his money (inf, in competition) → wir werden ihn auf Trab halten (inf); the theory has had a good run for its money (inf) → die Theorie hat sich lange gehalten

= distance travelled in bus, boat, car → Fahrt f; (in plane) → Flug m; (= route) → Strecke f; it’s a 30-minute run → es ist eine Fahrt von 30 Minuten; the boat no longer does that run → das Schiff fährt die Strecke nicht mehr; the ferries on the Dover-Calais run → die Fähren der Linie Dover-Calais; the ships on the China run → die Schiffe der China-Linie; bombing run → Bombenzielanflug m
? in the long run → auf die Dauer; it will be cheaper in the long run → es wird auf die Dauer billiger sein
? in the short run → fürs Nächste; this could be the best solution in the short run → dies könnte fürs Nächste die beste Lösung sein

= great demand run on → Ansturm m → auf (+acc); (St Ex, Fin) → Run m → or Ansturm m → auf (+acc); there could be a run on the pound → es könnte einen Run or Ansturm auf das Pfund geben

= type the common run of athletes → der Durchschnittsathlet; the usual run of illnesses → die normale Serie von Krankheiten

= trend of market, opinion → Tendenz f; (of events) → Lauf m; the ordinary run of things → der normale Gang der Dinge

= track for sledging, skiing → Bahn f; ski run → Abfahrt(sstrecke) f

= diarrhoea inf the runs → der flotte Otto (inf), → die Renneritis (hum inf)

Typ = printing run → Auflage f

INTRANSITIVE VERB

→ laufen, rennen; (in race) → laufen; to run past/off → vorbei-/davonlaufen or -rennen; she came running out → sie kam herausgelaufen or -gerannt; to run down a slope → einen Abhang hinunterlaufen or -rennen; run! → lauf!; walk don’t run! → du sollst gehen, nicht rennen!; he’s trying to run before he can walk (fig) → er sollte erst einmal langsam machen; to run for the bus → zum Bus laufen or rennen; she ran to meet him → sie lief or rannte ihm entgegen; she ran to help him → sie kam ihm schnell zu Hilfe; to run in the 100 metres (Brit) or meters (US) → die 100 Meter laufen; to go running (to keep fit) → joggen gehen; eleven ran (Horse Racing) → elf (Pferde) waren am Start; X, Y, Z also ran (Horse Racing) → X, Y, Z waren ebenfalls am Start; this horse will run in the National → das Pferd startet im National ? also-ran

= go story, words → gehen, lauten; (tune) → gehen; the rumour (Brit) or rumor (US) ran (a)round the office that … → im Büro ging das Gerücht um, dass …; so the story runs → die Geschichte geht so; the wording ran as follows → es hieß or lautete folgendermaßen; the lyrics ran through my head → der Text ging mir durch den Kopf; all the things I have to do keep running through my head → mir geht ständig durch den Kopf, was ich noch alles machen muss; he ran down the list → er ging die Liste durch; a shiver ran down her spine → ein Schauer lief ihr über den Rücken; his eyes/fingers ran over the sculpture → seine Augen/Finger glitten über die Plastik
? to run in the family → in der Familie liegen

= slide drawer, curtains, rope → laufen, gleiten; (vehicle) → rollen; it runs on wheels → es läuft or fährt auf Rädern; money just runs through his fingers → das Geld rinnt ihm (nur so) durch die Finger

= flow water, tears, tap, nose, butter → laufen; (ink, river, electric current) → fließen; (eyes) → tränen; (sore, abscess) → eitern; (paint, colour) → zerfließen, ineinanderfließen; (colour, dye: in washing) → färben; my shirt has run → mein Hemd hat gefärbt; a heavy sea was running → die See ging hoch; where the tide is running strongly → wo die Gezeiten sehr stark sind; let the water run hot → lass das Wasser laufen, bis es heiß kommt; your bath is running → dein Badewasser läuft ein
? to be running with (= saturated) the walls were running with damp → die Wände tropften vor Feuchtigkeit; running with sweat → schweißüberströmt
? to run into (= join) where the river runs into the sea → wo der Fluss ins Meer mündet; the street runs into the square → die Straße mündet auf den Platz

= continue, extend play, film, contract → laufen; (Jur: sentence) → laufen; (Fin: interest rate) → gelten
? to run into (with amounts, numbers) the expenditure runs into thousands of pounds → die Ausgaben gehen in die tausende or Tausende (von Pfund); the book has run into three editions → das Buch hat schon drei Auflagen erreicht
? to run and run (story, production) → noch lange laufen; (debate) → noch lange fortgesetzt werden

TRANSITIVE VERB

subject: events, disease, person to run its/their course → seinen/ihren Lauf nehmen; to run a temperature or a fever → Fieber haben; he was running a high temperature → er hatte Fieber ? gauntlet

= drive vehicle → fahren; he ran the car into the garage/a tree → er fuhr das Auto in die Garage/gegen einen Baum; he runs a Rolls → er fährt einen Rolls Royce

= be responsible for = manage business, hotel → führen, leiten; shop → führen; mine → betreiben; school, organization, newspaper → leiten; (= organize) course of study, competition → veranstalten, durchführen; (= be in charge of) course, competition, department, project → leiten; a well-run hotel → ein gut geführtes Hotel; he runs a small hotel in the village → er hat ein kleines Hotel im Dorf; to run a house → einen Haushalt führen; a house which is easy to run → ein Haus, das leicht in Schuss gehalten werden kann; I want to run my own life → ich möchte mein eigenes Leben leben; she’s the one who really runs everything → sie ist diejenige, die den Laden schmeißt (inf); I’m running this show! (inf) → ich bestimme, was gemacht wird

= put rope, road → führen; piece of elastic, line, ditch → ziehen; pipe, wires → (ver)legen; (above ground) → führen; to run a rope round a tree → ein Seil um einen Baum legen

= publish Press article, series → bringen

PHRASAL VERBS
? run about (Brit) or around vi (lit, fig) → herumlaufen or -rennen; to run around with somebody → sich mit jdm herumtreiben; I’m not going to run about or around after you cleaning up → ich putze doch nicht dauernd hinter dir her
? run across vi

(= go to see) → kurz rüberlaufen or -gehen (to zu)

vi +prep obj (= meet) person → zufällig treffen; (= find) object, reference → stoßen auf (+acc)
? run after vi to come running after → hinterherlaufen or -rennen vi +prep obj → nachlaufen or -rennen (+dat); I’m not going to spend the rest of my days running after you! (fig) → ich denke gar nicht daran, nur immer für dich da zu sein!
? run along vi → laufen, rennen; (= go away) → gehen; run along! → nun geht mal schön!
? run around vi = run about
? run at vi +prep obj → zu- or loslaufen auf (+acc); (= attack) → losstürzen auf (+acc)
? run away vi

? run away with vi +prep obj (= use up) funds, money, resources → verschlucken (inf), → verbrauchen; (= steal) money, object → durchgehen or durchbrennen mit (inf); (Sport etc: = win easily) race, prize → spielend gewinnen; don’t run away with the idea that … (fig) → kommen Sie nur nicht auf den Gedanken, dass …; he lets his imagination/enthusiasm run away with him → seine Fantasie or Phantasie/seine Begeisterung geht leicht mit ihm durch
? run back vi (lit) → zurücklaufen, zurückrennen; she’ll come running back → sie wird reumütig zurückkommen vt sep

? run down vi

vt sep

(= limit, reduce) factory, shop → (allmählich) auflösen; department, stocks, staff → abbauen; battery → zu stark belasten

? run in vi (lit) → hineinlaufen or -rennen vt sep

(inf: = arrest) → sich (dat) → schnappen

? run into vi +prep obj (= meet) → zufällig treffen; (= collide with) → rennen/fahren gegen; to run into difficulties/trouble → Schwierigkeiten/Ärger bekommen; to run into problems → auf Probleme stoßen; to run into danger/debt → in Gefahr/Schulden geraten ? also run 2 h
? run off vi = run away VI a vt sep

(Sport) to run off the heats → die Ausscheidungskämpfe durchführen

(fig: in speaking) he does run on so! → er redet wie ein Buch!; it ran on for four hours → das zog sich über vier Stunden hin

vt sep letters → verbinden; words → fortlaufend schreiben; line of type → ohne Absatz drucken
? run out vi

vt sep

(Cricket) → ausschlagen (während der Schlagmann seinen Lauf macht)

? run out of vi +prep obj he ran out of supplies/money/patience → ihm gingen die Vorräte/ging das Geld/die Geduld aus; she ran out of time → sie hatte keine Zeit mehr; we’re running out of time → wir haben nicht mehr viel Zeit
? run over vi

(= overflow: liquid, container) → überlaufen

vi +prep obj story, part in play, details → durchgehen; text, notes → durchsehen; I’ll run over your part with you → ich gehe Ihre Rolle kurz mit Ihnen durch vt sep (in vehicle) → überfahren
? run round vi (esp Brit) → kurz vorbeigehen; to run round and see somebody → kurz bei jdm vorbeigehen ? also run about
? run through vi (lit) → durchlaufen vi +prep obj

vt sep to run somebody through (with a sword) → jdn (mit einem Schwert) durchbohren
? run to vi +prep obj

(= amount to) the poem runs to several hundred lines → das Gedicht geht über mehrere hundert Zeilen

? run up vi (lit: = climb quickly) → hinauflaufen; (= approach quickly) → hinlaufen or -rennen (to zu); to run up against difficulties → auf Schwierigkeiten stoßen vt sep

run

runaround

n (inf) to give somebody the run → jdn an der Nase herumführen (inf); to get the run (from somebody) → (von jdm) an der Nase herumgeführt werden (inf)

run

run-on (line)

n → fortlaufende Zeile

run

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

run

[rʌn] (ran (vb: pt) (run (pp)))

1. vi

b. the train runs between Gatwick and Victoria → il treno fa servizio tra Gatwick e la stazione Victoria
the bus runs every 20 minutes → c’è un autobus ogni 20 minuti

3. n

d. (sequence) → serie f inv (Cards) → scala
a run of luck → un periodo di fortuna
he’s different from the common run of men → è fuori dall’ordinario
it stands out from the general run of books → è un libro fuori dal comune
the play had a long run → lo spettacolo ha tenuto a lungo il cartellone
in the long run → alla lunga
in the short run → sulle prime

e. (Comm) there’s been a run on … → c’è stata una forte richiesta di…

g. (for skiing, bobsleighing) → pista

run about vi + adv → correre (di) qua e (di) là

run away vi + adv

run away with vi + adv + prep → scappare con (fig) he let his imagination run away with him → si lasciò trasportare dalla fantasia
don’t run away with the idea that … → non credere che…

run down

2. vi + adv (battery, watch) → scaricarsi

run in vt + adv

b. (fam) (arrest) → mettere dentro

run off

2. vt + adv (copies) → fare

run on vi + adv

run out of vi + adv + prep → non avere più
I ran out of petrol (Am) I ran out of gas → sono rimasto senza benzina

run out on vi + adv + prep (abandon) → piantare

run over

run through vi + prep

run up vt + adv

run up against vi + adv + prep (person, problem) → imbattersi in; (difficulties) → incontrare

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

run

(ran) – present participle ˈrunning: past tense ran (rӕn) : past participle run – verb

1. (of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking. He ran down the road.

2. to move smoothly. Trains run on rails.

3. (of water etc) to flow. Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.

4. (of a machine etc) to work or operate. The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.

5. to organize or manage. He runs the business very efficiently.

6. to race. Is your horse running this afternoon?

7. (of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly. The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.

8. to last or continue; to go on. The play ran for six weeks.

9. to own and use, especially of cars. He runs a Rolls Royce.

10. (of colour) to spread. When I washed my new dress the colour ran.

11. to drive (someone); to give (someone) a lift. He ran me to the station.

12. to move (something). She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.

13. (in certain phrases) to be or become. The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).

noun

1. the act of running. He went for a run before breakfast.

2. a trip or drive. We went for a run in the country.

3. a length of time (for which something continues). He’s had a run of bad luck.

4. a ladder (in a stocking etc). I’ve got a run in my tights.

5. the free use (of a place). He gave me the run of his house.

6. in cricket, a batsman’s act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score. He scored/made 50 runs for his team.

7. an enclosure or pen. a chicken-run.

ˈrunner noun

1. a person who runs. There are five runners in this race.

2. the long narrow part on which a sledge etc moves. He polished the runners of the sledge; an ice-skate runner.

3. a long stem of a plant which puts down roots.

ˈrunning adjective

1. of or for running. running shoes.

2. continuous. a running commentary on the football match.

adverb

one after another; continuously. We travelled for four days running.

ˈrunny adjective

liquid; watery. Do you like your egg yolk firm or runny?; The baby has a runny nose.

ˈrunaway noun

a person, animal etc that runs away. The police caught the two runaways; (also adjective) a runaway horse.

ˌrunˈdown adjective

tired or exhausted because one has worked too hard. He feels run-down.

ˌrunner-ˈup noun

a person, thing etc that is second in a race or competition. My friend won the prize and I was the runner-up.

ˈrunway noun

a wide path from which aircraft take off and on which they land. The plane landed on the runway.

in/out of the running

having (no) chance of success. She’s in the running for the job of director.

on the run

escaping; running away. He’s on the run from the police.

run across

to meet. I ran across an old friend.

run after

to chase. The dog ran after a cat.

run aground

(of a ship) to become stuck on rocks etc.

run along

to go away. Run along now, children!

run away

1. to escape. He ran away from school.

2. (with with) to steal. He ran away with all her money.

3. (with with) to go too fast etc to be controlled by. The horse ran away with him.

run down

1. (of a clock, battery etc) to finish working. My watch has run down – it needs rewinding.

2. (of a vehicle or driver) to knock down. I was run down by a bus.

3. to speak badly of. He is always running me down.

run for

to stand for election for. He is running for president.

run for it

to try to escape. Quick – run for it!

run in

to get (a new engine etc) working properly.

run into

1. to meet. I ran into her in the street.

2. to crash into or collide with. The car ran into a lamp-post.

run its course

to develop or happen in the usual way. The fever ran its course.

run off

1. to print or copy. I want 500 copies run off at once.

2. (with with) to steal or take away. He ran off with my wife.

run out

1. (of a supply) to come to an end. The food has run out.

2. (with of) to have no more. We’ve run out of money.

run over

1. (of a vehicle or driver) to knock down or drive over. Don’t let the dog out of the garden or he’ll get run over.

2. to repeat for practice. Let’s run over the plan again.

run a temperature

to have a fever.

run through

to look at, deal with etc, one after another. He ran through their instructions.

run to

to have enough money for. We can’t run to a new car this year.

run up

1. to hoist (a flag).

2. to make quickly or roughly. I can run up a dress in a couple of hours.

3. to collect up, accumulate (debts). He ran up an enormous bill.

run wild

to go out of control. They let their children run wild; The garden was running wild.

run

→ عَدْو, يَجْري, يَرْكُضُ běh, běhat, vést køre, løb, løbe Lauf, laufen περνάω, τρέξιμο, τρέχω carrera, correr, hacer funcionar juoksu, juosta aller, courir, course ići, trčanje, trčati correre, corsa, dirigere 走る, 走ること 달리다, 뛰기, 이어지다 hardlopen, lopen door, rennen løp, løpe biec, bieg, biegać correr, corrida, dirigir бег, бегать, тянуться springa, springtur การวิ่ง, ตัดผ่าน, วิ่ง, วิ่งหนี içinden geçmek, koşturmak, koşu chạy, chạy theo đường, sự chạy 跑

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009

run

n. carrera;

vi. correr, hacer correr;

to ___ a fever → tener calentura.

English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

I run my own business
I’ve run out of gas (US)
I’ve run out of petrol (UK)
The gas has run out (US)
The petrol has run out (UK)
Do you run day trips to …?
I’ve run out of money (US)
I have run out of money (UK)
There are no more towels (US)
The towels have run out (UK)

Collins Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009

run

vi (pret ran; pp run; ger running) correr; My nose is running..Tengo mucosidad..Tengo flujo nasal..Tengo escurrimiento nasal (esp. Mex); to — in one’s family venir de familia; to — out acabarse; When did your medicine run out?..¿Cuándo se le acabó la medicina?; to — over atropellar, arrollar

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British
Idioms And Phrases

This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.

verb (used without object), ran [ran], /ræn/, run, run·ning [ruhn-ing]. /ˈrʌn ɪŋ/.

to go quickly by moving the legs more rapidly than at a walk and in such a manner that for an instant in each step all or both feet are off the ground.

to move with haste; act quickly: Run upstairs and get the iodine.

to depart quickly; take to flight; flee or escape: to run from danger.

to have recourse for aid, support, comfort, etc.: He shouldn’t run to his parents with every little problem.

to make a quick trip or informal visit for a short stay at a place: to run up to New York;I will run over to see you after dinner.

to go around, rove, or ramble without restraint (often followed by about): to run about in the park.

to move, roll, or progress from momentum or from being hurled, kicked, or otherwise propelled: The wheel ran over the curb and into the street.

Sports.

to take part in a race or contest.
to finish in a race or contest in a certain numerical position: The horse ran second.

to be or campaign as a candidate for election.

to migrate, as fish: to run in huge shoals.

(of fish) to migrate upstream or inshore from deep water to spawn: Now that it’s fall, the salmon are running.

to move under continuing power or force, as of the wind, a motor, etc.: The car ran along the highway.

(of a ship, automobile, etc.) to be sailed or driven from a safe, proper, or given route: The ship ran aground.

to ply between places, as a vessel or conveyance: This bus runs between New Haven and Hartford.

to move, glide, turn, rotate, or pass easily, freely, or smoothly: A rope runs in a pulley.

to creep, trail, or climb, as growing vines: The ivy ran up the side of the house.

to come undone or to unravel, as stitches or a fabric: these stockings run easily.

to flow, as a liquid: Let the water run before you drink it.

to flow along, especially strongly, as a stream or the sea: The rapids ran over the rocks.

to empty or transfer contents: The river ran into the sea.

to appear, occur, or exist within a certain limited range; include a specific range of variations (usually followed by from): Your work runs from fair to bad.

to melt and flow or drip: Wax ran down the burning candle.

Golf. (of a golf ball) to bounce or roll along the ground just after landing from a stroke: The ball struck the green and ran seven feet past the hole.

to spread when applied to a surface, as a liquid: Fresh paint ran over the window molding onto the pane.

to spread over a material when exposed to moisture: The dyes in this fabric are guaranteed not to run in washing.

to undergo a spreading of colors: materials that run when washed.

to flow forth as a discharge: Tears ran from her eyes.

to discharge or give passage to a liquid or fluid: Her eyes ran with tears.

to operate or function: How does your new watch run?Cars run on gasoline.

to be in operation: the noise of a dishwasher running.

to continue in operation: The furnace runs most of the day.

to elapse; pass or go by, as time: Time is running out, and we must hurry.

to pass into or meet with a certain state or condition: to run into debt;to run into trouble.

to get or become: The well ran dry.

to amount; total: The bill ran to $100.

to be stated or worded in a certain manner: The minutes of the last meeting run as follows.

Commerce.

to accumulate, follow, or become payable in due course, as interest on a debt: Your interest runs from January 1st to December 31st.
to make many withdrawals in rapid succession, as from a bank.

Law.

to have legal force or effect, as a writ.
to continue to operate.
to go along with: The easement runs with the land.

to proceed, continue, or go: The story runs for eight pages.

to extend in a given direction: This road runs north to Litchfield.

to extend for a certain length: The unpaved section runs for eight miles.

to extend over a given surface: Shelves ran from floor to ceiling.

to be printed, as on a printing press: Two thousand copies ran before the typo was caught.

to appear in print or be published as a story, photograph, etc., in a newspaper, magazine, or the like: The account ran in all the papers.The political cartoon always runs on the editorial page.

to be performed on a stage or be played continually, as a play: The play ran for two years.

to occur or take place continuously, as a movie: The picture runs for two hours.

to pass quickly: A thought ran through his mind. Her eyes ran over the room.

to be disseminated, circulated, or spread rapidly: The news of his promotion ran all over town.

to continue or return persistently; recur: The old tune ran through his mind all day.

to have or tend to have or produce a specified character, quality, form, etc.: This novel runs to long descriptions.This family runs to extreme in everything from foot size to skin sensitivity.

to be or continue to be of a certain or average size, number, etc.: Potatoes are running large this year.

Nautical. to sail before the wind.

verb (used with object), ran, run, run·ning.

to move or run along (a surface, way, path, etc.): Every morning he ran the dirt path around the reservoir to keep in condition.She ran her fingers over the keyboard.

to traverse (a distance) in running: He ran the mile in just over four minutes.

to perform, compete in, or accomplish by or as by running: to run a race;to run an errand.

to go about freely on or in without supervision: permitting children to run the streets.

to ride or cause to gallop: to run a horse across a field.

to enter in a race: He ran his best filly in the Florida Derby.

to bring into a certain state by running: He ran himself out of breath trying to keep pace.

to trace, track, pursue or hunt, as game: to run deer on foot.

to drive (an animal) or cause to go by pursuing: to run a fox to cover;to run the stallion into the barn.

to leave, flee, or escape from: He ran town before the robbery was discovered.

to cause to ply between places, as a vessel or conveyance: to run a ferry between New York and New Jersey.

to convey or transport, as in a vessel or vehicle: I’ll run you home in my car.

to cause to pass quickly: He ran his eyes over the letter.She ran a comb through her hair.

to get past or through: to run a blockade.

(of drivers or cyclists) to disregard (a red or amber traffic light) and continue ahead without stopping.

to smuggle (contraband goods): to run guns across the border.

to work, operate, or drive: Can you run a tractor?

to publish, print, or make copies of, as on a printing press (sometimes followed by off): Run off 3000 of these posters.The newspapers ran the story on page one.

to process, refine, manufacture, or subject to an analysis or treatment: The doctor wanted to run a blood test.The factory ran 50,000 gallons of paint a day.

to keep operating or going, as a machine: They ran the presses 24 hours a day.

to keep (a motor) idling for an indefinite period: On cold days he would run the car motor to prevent stalling.

to allow (a ship, automobile, etc.) to depart from a safe, proper, or given route, as by negligence or error: He ran the ship aground.She ran the car up on the curb.

to sponsor, support, or nominate (a person) as a candidate for election.

to manage or conduct: to run a business;to run one’s own life.

Computers. to process (the instructions in a program) by computer.

(in some games, as billiards) to continue or complete a series of successful strokes, shots, or the like.

Cards. to lead a series (of one’s assured tricks or winners in a given suit): He ran the heart suit before leading spades.

to expose oneself to or be exposed to (a chance, risk, etc.): Through his habitual lateness he ran the danger of being fired.

to cause (a liquid) to flow: to run the water for a bath.

to fill (a tub or bath) with water: She ran a hot tub for him.

to give forth or flow with (a liquid); pour forth or discharge: The well ran 500 barrels of oil daily.

to charge (an item or items) as on a charge account or to accumulate (bills) to be paid all at one time: He ran a large monthly tab at the club.

to cause to move easily, freely, or smoothly: to run a rope in a pulley.

Golf. to cause (a golf ball) to move forward along the ground after landing from a stroke: He ran his ball seven feet past the hole.

to cause stitches in (a garment or fabric) to unravel or come undone: to run a stocking on a protruding nail.

to bring, lead, or force into a certain state or condition: He ran his troops into an ambush.They ran themselves into debt.

to drive, force, or thrust: to run a nail into a board;to run one’s head against a wall;to run one’s hand into one’s pocket.

to graze; pasture: They run sixty head of cattle on their ranch.

to extend (something) in a particular direction or to a given point or place: to run a partition across a room;to run a telephone cable from Boston to Buffalo.

Carpentry. to make (millwork) from boards.

to cause to fuse and flow, as metal for casting in a mold.

to draw, trace, or mark out, as a line: to run a line over a surface;to run a line through a word.

to cost (an amount or approximate amount): This watch runs $30.

to cost (a person) an amount or approximate amount: The car repair will run you a couple of hundred at least.

noun

an act, instance, or period of running: She took a five-minute run before breakfast.

a hurrying to or from some point, as on an errand: a run to reach the store before it closes.

a fleeing, especially in great haste; flight: a run from the police who were hot on his trail.

a running pace: The boys set out at a run.

an act or instance or a period of moving rapidly, as in a boat or automobile: a run to shore before the storm.

distance covered, as by racing, running, or during a trip: a three-mile run.

an act or instance or a period of traveling or moving between two places; trip: a truck on its daily run from farm to market;a nonstop run from Louisville to Memphis.

Computers. a single instance of carrying out the sequence of instructions in a program.

Golf. the distance that a golf ball moves along the ground after landing from a stroke: He got a seven-foot run with his chip shot.

a quick trip for a short stay at a place: to take a run up to New York.

Military.

bomb run.
any portion of a military flight during which the aircraft flies directly toward the target in order to begin its attack: a strafing run.

Aeronautics.

the rapid movement, under its own power, of an aircraft on a runway, water, or another surface.
a routine flight from one place to another: the evening run from New York to London.

an interval or period during which something, as a machine, operates or continues operating: They kept each press in the plant on a 14-hour run.

the amount of anything produced in such a period: a daily run of 400,000 gallons of paint.

a line or place in knitted work where a series of stitches have slipped out or come undone: a run in a stocking.

onward movement, development, progress, course, etc.: the run of our business from a small store to a large chain.

the direction of something or of its component elements: the run of the grain of wood.

the particular course, order, or tendency of something: the normal run of events.

freedom to move around in, pass through, or use something: to allow one’s guests the run of the house.

any rapid or easy course of progress: a run from trainee to supervisor.

a continuous series of performances, as of a play: a long run on Broadway.

an uninterrupted course of some state or condition; a spell: a run of good luck;a run of good weather.

a continuous extent of something, as a vein of ore.

an uninterrupted series or sequence of things, events, etc.: a run of 30 scoreless innings.

a sequence of cards in a given suit: a heart run.

Cribbage. a sequence of three or more cards in consecutive denominations without regard to suits.

any extensive continued demand, sale, or the like: a run on umbrellas on a rainy day.

a series of sudden and urgent demands for payment, as on a bank.

a period of being in demand or favor with the public: Her last book had a briefer run than her first.

a period during which liquid flows: They kept each oil well on an eight-hour run.

the amount that flows during such a period: a run of 500 barrels a day.

a small stream; brook; rivulet.

a flow or rush, as of water: The snow melting on the mountains caused a run of water into the valley.

a kind or class, as of goods: a superior run of blouses.

the typical, ordinary, or average kind: The run of 19th-century novels tends to be of a sociological nature.

an inclined course, as on a slope, designed or used for a specific purpose: a bobsled run;a run for training beginning skiers.

a fairly large enclosure within which domestic animals may move about freely; runway: a chicken run.

Australian. a large sheep ranch or area of grazing land.

the beaten track or usual trail used by deer or other wild animals; runway.

a trough or pipe for water or the like.

the movement of a number of fish upstream or inshore from deep water.

large numbers of fish in motion, especially inshore from deep water or up a river for spawning: a run of salmon.

a number of animals moving together.

Music. a rapid succession of tones; roulade.

Building Trades.

the horizontal distance between the face of a wall and the ridge of a roof.
the distance between the first and last risers of a flight of steps or staircase.
the horizontal distance between successive risers on a flight of steps or a staircase.

Baseball. the score unit made by safely running around all the bases and reaching home plate.

a series of successful shots, strokes, or the like, in a game.

Nautical. the immersed portion of a hull abaft the middle body (opposed to entrance).

the runs, (used with a singular or plural verb)Informal. diarrhea.

adjective

melted or liquefied: run butter.

poured in a melted state; run into and cast in a mold: run bronze.

Verb Phrases

run across, to meet or find accidentally: She ran across an old friend at the party.I ran across your podcast while looking for something else online.

run after,

to follow; chase: The dog ran after the burglar.
to pursue or court the affections of, especially in an aggressive manner: He ran after her until she agreed to marry him.
to attempt to become friendly with or part of the society of: He runs after the country-club set.

run along, to leave; go on one’s way: I have to run along now, but I’ll see you tonight.Run along—can’t you see I’m busy?

run around,

(often followed by with) to socialize; consort with: She runs around with the strangest people.
to be unfaithful to one’s spouse or lover: It was common knowledge that he was running around.

run away,

to flee or escape; leave a place of confinement or control with the intention of never returning: He ran away from home three times.
Nautical. to haul on a line by walking or running steadily.

run away with,

to go away with, especially to elope with: She ran away with a sailor.
to abscond with; steal: to run away with some valuable jewelry.
to surpass others in; be outstanding in: to run away with academic honors.
to overwhelm; get the better of: Sometimes his enthusiasm runs away with him.

run down,

to strike and fell or overturn, especially to drive a vehicle into (someone): to run down an innocent pedestrian.
to pursue until captured; chase: The detective swore that he would run down the criminal.
to peruse; review: His eyes ran down the front row and stopped suddenly.
to cease operation; stop: My watch has run down.
to speak disparagingly of; criticize severely: The students were always running down their math teacher.
to search out; trace; find: to run down information.
Baseball. to tag out (a base runner) between bases.
Nautical. to collide with and sink (another vessel).
Nautical. to sail closely parallel to (a coast).

run in,

to visit casually: If I’m in the neighborhood, I may run in for a few minutes.
to include in a text, as something to be inserted.
Slang. to arrest; take to jail: They ran him in for burglary.
Printing. to add (matter) to text without indenting.
to break in (new machinery).

run into,

to crash into; collide with: She was so sleepy that she ran into a lamppost.
to meet accidentally: You never know whom you’ll run into at a big party.
to amount to; total: losses that ran into millions of dollars.
to succeed; follow: One year ran into the next, and still there was no change.
to experience; encounter: The project ran into difficulty.

run in with, Nautical. to sail close to (a coast, vessel, etc.).

run off,

to leave quickly; depart: When he realized the time, he ran off with barely a «good-bye,» hoping to catch his bus.
to create or perform rapidly or easily: to run off a new song.
to determine the winner of (a contest, race, etc.) by a runoff.
to drive away; expel: to run someone off one’s property.
to print or otherwise duplicate: Please run off 500 copies.

run off with,

to abscond with (something); steal or borrow; take: He ran off with the money.Who ran off with the pencil sharpener?
to elope: I hear she ran off with the Smith boy.

run on,

to continue without interruption: The account that he gave ran on at some length.
Printing. to add (matter) to text without indenting.
to add something, as at the end of a text: to run on an adverb to a dictionary entry.

run out,

to terminate; expire: My subscription ran out last month.Time ran out before we could score another touchdown.
to become used up: His money soon ran out.
to drive out; expel: They want to run him out of the country.

run out of, to exhaust a quantity or supply of: She couldn’t bake a cake because she had run out of sugar.

run out on, to withdraw one’s support from; abandon: No one could accuse him of running out on his friends.

run over,

to hit and knock down, especially with a vehicle: She cried inconsolably when her cat was run over by a car.
to go beyond; exceed: His speech ran over the time limit.
to repeat; review: We’ll run over that song again.
to overflow, as a vessel: The gravy boat ran over when she took her eye off the pan she was filling it from.

run through,

to pierce or stab, as with a sword: to run someone through.
to consume or use up recklessly; squander: to run through a fortune.
to practice, review, or rehearse quickly or informally: to run through a scene.

run up,

to sew rapidly: She ran up some curtains.
to amass; incur: running up huge debts.
to cause to increase; raise: to run up costs unnecessarily.
to build, especially hurriedly: They are tearing down old tenement blocks and running up skyscrapers.

run with, Informal.

to proceed or go ahead with: If the stockholders like the idea, we’ll run with it.
to carry out with enthusiasm or speed.

QUIZ

CAN YOU ANSWER THESE COMMON GRAMMAR DEBATES?

There are grammar debates that never die; and the ones highlighted in the questions in this quiz are sure to rile everyone up once again. Do you know how to answer the questions that cause some of the greatest grammar debates?

Which sentence is correct?

Idioms about run

a run for one’s money,

close or keen competition: The out-of-town team gave us a run for our money.
enjoyment or profit in return for one’s expense: This may not be the best tool kit, but it will give you a run for your money.

in the long run, in the course of long experience; in the end: Retribution will come, in the long run.

in the short run, as an immediate or temporary outcome: Recession may be averted in the short run if policy changes are made now.

on the run,

moving quickly; hurrying about: He’s so busy, he’s always on the run.
while running or in a hurry: I usually eat breakfast on the run.
escaping or hiding from the police: He was on the run for two years.

run afoul of,

Nautical. to collide with so as to cause damage and entanglement.
to incur or become subject to the wrath or ill will of: to run afoul of the law; .He argued with his father and has run afoul of him ever since.

run for it, to hurry away or flee, especially to evade something: You had better run for it before anyone else arrives.

run in place,

to go through the motions of running without leaving one’s original place, as on a treadmill: joggers running in place at red lights.
to exist or work without noticeable change, progress, or improvement: By the end of the third meeting, it was clear that no progress had been made and the committee was just running in place.

run out of gas, Informal.

to exhaust or lose one’s energy, enthusiasm, etc.: After the first game of tennis, I ran out of gas and had to rest.
to falter for lack of impetus, ideas, capital, etc.: The economic recovery seems to be running out of gas.

run scared, to be thrown into a state of fear or uncertainty because of a perceived threat; be apprehensive about survival or the future: Many businesses are running scared because of increasing competition.

Origin of run

First recorded before 900; Middle English verb rinnen, rennen, partly from Old Norse rinna, renna, partly continuing Old English rinnan; cognate with German rinnen; the form run, originally the past participle, was later extended to present tense; the noun and adjective derivative of the verb

OTHER WORDS FROM run

run·na·ble, adjectiverun·na·bil·i·ty, nounnon·run, adjectivewell-run, adjective

Words nearby run

Rum Rebellion, rumrunner, Rumsey, Rumsfeld, rum shop, run, runabout, run across, run a fever, run afoul of, run after

Words related to run

break, race, rush, spurt, drive, outing, ride, round, tour, trip, season, series, streak, stretch, string, dash, fly, jog, shoot, sprint

How to use run in a sentence

McSally ran for Senate in 2018 but lost to Democrat Kyrsten Sinema.
He unsuccessfully ran for the Republican presidential nomination during the 2016 election cycle.
New York food impresario Tom Colicchio got into all of our living rooms with his 17-season run as the head judge on Top Chef.
While Fraser is not the first woman to run one of the country’s top 20 banks—KeyCorp’s Beth Mooney, who retired in May, broke that ceiling—she is the first to run one of Citigroup’s size.

With a massive influx of Israeli tourism expected now that commercial flights are running, many are expecting the demand for kosher food to grow.
As this list shows, punishments typically run to a short-ish jail sentence and/or a moderately hefty fine.
Everybody is trapped in an elevator together and tempers run a little hot.
Using standard methods, the cost of printing DNA could run upwards of a billion dollars or more, depending on the strand.
Should lightning strike and Hillary Clinton forgoes a presidential run, Democrats have a nominee in waiting.
The decision not to run the cartoons is motivated by nothing more than fear: either fear of offending or fear of retaliation.
Do not the widow’s tears run down the cheek, and her cry against him that causeth them to fall?
A few, very few, little dots had run back over that green patch—the others had passed down into the world of darkness.
But if what I told him were true, he was still at a loss how a kingdom could run out of its estate like a private person.
The controlling leaders being out of gear the machine did not run smoothly: there was nothing but friction and tension.
When these last words of his were interpreted to her, she started, made as if she would run after him, but checked herself.

British Dictionary definitions for run

verb runs, running, ran or run

(intr)

(of a two-legged creature) to move on foot at a rapid pace so that both feet are off the ground together for part of each stride
(of a four-legged creature) to move at a rapid gait; gallop or canter

(tr) to pass over (a distance, route, etc) in runningto run a mile; run a race

(intr) to run in or finish a race as specified, esp in a particular positionJohn is running third

(tr) to perform or accomplish by or as if by runningto run an errand

(intr) to flee; run awaythey took to their heels and ran

(tr) to bring into a specified state or condition by runningto run oneself to a standstill

(tr) to track down or hunt (an animal)to run a fox to earth

(intr) to move about freely and without restraintthe children are running in the garden

(intr usually foll by to) to go or have recourse, as for aid, assistance, etche’s always running to his mother when he’s in trouble

(tr) to set (animals) loose on (a field or tract of land) so as to graze freely

(intr ; often foll by over, round or up) to make a short trip or brief informal visitI’ll run over to your house this afternoon

to move quickly and easily on wheels by rolling, or in any of certain other waysa ball running along the ground; a sledge running over snow

to move or cause to move with a specified result or in a specified mannerto run a ship aground; to run into a tree

(often foll by over) to move or pass or cause to move or pass quicklyto run a vacuum cleaner over the carpet; to run one’s eyes over a page

(tr ; foll by into, out of, through, etc) to force, thrust, or driveshe ran a needle into her finger

(tr) to drive or maintain and operate (a vehicle)

(tr) to give a lift to (someone) in a vehicle; transporthe ran her to the railway station

to ply or cause to ply between places on a routethe bus runs from Piccadilly to Golders Green

to operate or be operated; function or cause to functionthe engine is running smoothly

(tr) to perform or carry outto run tests

(tr) to be in charge of; manageto run a company

to extend or continue or cause to extend or continue in a particular direction, for a particular duration or distance, etcthe road runs north; the play ran for two years; the months ran into years

(intr) law

to have legal force or effectthe lease runs for two more years
to accompany; be an integral part of or adjunct toan easement runs with the land

(tr) to be subjected to, be affected by, or incurto run a risk; run a temperature

(intr often foll by to) to be characterized (by); tend or inclineher taste runs to extravagant hats; to run to fat

(intr) to recur persistently or be inherentred hair runs in my family

to cause or allow (liquids) to flow or (of liquids) to flow, esp in a manner specifiedwater ran from the broken pipe; the well has run dry

(intr) to melt and flowthe wax grew hot and began to run

metallurgy

to melt or fuse
(tr) to mould or cast (molten metal)to run lead into ingots

(intr) (of waves, tides, rivers, etc) to rise high, surge, or be at a specified heighta high sea was running that night

(intr) to be diffusedthe colours in my dress ran when I washed it

(intr) (of stitches) to unravel or come undone or (of a garment) to have stitches unravel or come undoneif you pull that thread the whole seam will run

to sew (an article) with continuous stitches

(intr) (of growing vines, creepers, etc) to trail, spread, or climbivy running over a cottage wall

(intr) to spread or circulate quicklya rumour ran through the town

(intr) to be stated or reportedhis story runs as follows

to publish or print or be published or printed in a newspaper, magazine, etcthey ran his story in the next issue

(often foll by for) mainly US and Canadian to be a candidate or present as a candidate for political or other officeAnderson is running for president

(tr) to get past or through; evadeto run a blockade

(tr) to deal in (arms, etc), esp by importing illegallyhe runs guns for the rebels

nautical to sail (a vessel, esp a sailing vessel) or (of such a vessel) to be sailed with the wind coming from astern

(intr) (of fish)

to migrate upstream from the sea, esp in order to spawn
to swim rapidly in any area of water, esp during migration

(tr) cricket to score (a run or number of runs) by hitting the ball and running between the wickets

(tr) billiards snooker to make (a number of successful shots) in sequence

(tr) golf to hit (the ball) so that it rolls along the ground

(tr) bridge to cash (all one’s winning cards in a long suit) successively

run a bath to turn on the taps to fill a bath with water for bathing oneself

run close to compete closely with; present a serious challenge tohe got the job, but a younger man ran him close

run for it informal to attempt to escape from arrest, etc, by running

be run off one’s feet to be extremely busy

noun

an act, instance, or period of running

a gait, pace, or motion faster than a walkshe went off at a run

a distance covered by running or a period of runninga run of ten miles

an act, instance, or period of travelling in a vehicle, esp for pleasureto go for a run in the car

free and unrestricted accesswe had the run of the house and garden for the whole summer

a period of time during which a machine, computer, etc, operates
the amount of work performed in such a period

a continuous or sustained perioda run of good luck

a continuous sequence of performancesthe play had a good run

cards a sequence of winning cards in one suit, usually more than fivea run of spades

tendency or trendthe run of the market

type, class, or categorythe usual run of graduates

(usually foll by on) a continuous and urgent demanda run on butter; a run on the dollar

a series of unravelled stitches, esp in stockings or tights; ladder

the characteristic pattern or direction of somethingthe run of the grain on a piece of wood

a continuous vein or seam of ore, coal, etc
the direction in which it lies

a period during which water or other liquid flows
the amount of such a flow

a pipe, channel, etc, through which water or other liquid flows

US a small stream

a steeply inclined pathway or course, esp a snow-covered one used for skiing and bobsleigh racingSee also green run, blue run, red run, black run

an enclosure for domestic fowls or other animals, in which they have free movementa chicken run

(esp in Australia and New Zealand) a tract of land for grazing livestock

a track or area frequented by animalsa deer run; a rabbit run

a group of animals of the same species moving together

the migration of fish upstream in order to spawn

nautical

the tack of a sailing vessel in which the wind comes from astern
part of the hull of a vessel near the stern where it curves upwards and inwards

the movement of an aircraft along the ground during takeoff or landing

music a rapid scalelike passage of notes

cricket a score of one, normally achieved by both batsmen running from one end of the wicket to the other after one of them has hit the ballCompare extra (def. 6), boundary (def. 2c)

baseball an instance of a batter touching all four bases safely, thereby scoring

golf the distance that a ball rolls after hitting the ground

a run for one’s money informal

a strong challenge or close competition
pleasure derived from an activity

in the long run as the eventual outcome of a sequence of events, actions, etc; ultimately

in the short run as the immediate outcome of a series of events, etc

on the run

escaping from arrest; fugitive
in rapid flight; retreatingthe enemy is on the run
hurrying from place to placeshe’s always on the run

the runs slang diarrhoea

See also runabout, run across, run after, run along, run around, run away, run down, run in, run into, run off, run on, run out, run over, run through, run to, run up, run with

Word Origin for run

Old English runnen, past participle of (ge) rinnan; related to Old Frisian, Old Norse rinna, Old Saxon, Gothic, Old High German rinnan

Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Other Idioms and Phrases with run

In addition to the idioms beginning with run

run across
run a fever
run afoul of
run after
run against
run along
run amok
run an errand
run a risk
run around
run around in circles
run around like a chicken
run around with
run a temperature
run a tight ship
run away
run away with
run by someone
run circles around
run counter to
run down
run dry
run for it
run for one’s money, a
run foul
run high
run in
run in place
run interference
run in the blood
run into
run into a stone wall
run into the ground
run its course
run like clockwork
running on empty
running start
run off
run off at the mouth
run off with
run of luck
run of the mill
run on
run one ragged
run one’s eyes over
run one’s head against the wall
run one’s own show
run out
run out of
run out on
run over
run rings around
run riot
run scared
run short
run someone in
run someone off his or her feet
run the gamut
run the gauntlet
run the show
run through
run to
run to earth
run to form
run to seed
run up
run wild
run with

also see:

beat (run) one’s head against the wall
cut and run
dry run
eat and run
end run
go (run) around in circles
great minds (run in the same channel)
home run
in the long run
like clockwork, run
make a break (run) for
make one’s blood run cold
(run) off someone’s feet
on the run
still waters run deep
tight ship, run a
well’s run dry

Also see underrunning.

Источник

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

run

(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kirundi.

English[edit]

Run on Wikipedia

Alternative forms[edit]

rin, ren (dialectal)

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,
yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”) (compare also *rannijaną (“to make run”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).

Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), Dutch rennen (“to run, race”), Alemannic German ränne (“to run”), German rennen (“to run, race”), rinnen (“to flow”), Rhein, Danish rende (“to run”), Swedish ränna (“to run”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), Icelandic renna (“to flow”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”). See random.

Pronunciation[edit]

(US, UK) IPA^(key): /ɹʌn/
(Northern England) IPA^(key): /ɹʊn/
Rhymes: -ʌn

Verb[edit]

A runner running (sense 1.4)

Women running (sense 1.4) in a 100-meter foot race

run (third-person singular simple present runs, present participle running, simple past ran, past participle run)

To move swiftly.
1. (intransitive) To move forward quickly upon two feet by alternately making a short jump off either foot. (Compare walk.)
  
  Run, Sarah, run!
  - 1967, Sleigh, Barbara, Jessamy, 1993 edition, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 122:
    
    Through the open front door ran Jessamy, down the steps to where Kitto was sitting at the bottom with the pram beside him.
  - For more quotations using this term, see Citations:run.
2. (intransitive) To go at a fast pace; to move quickly.
  
  The horse ran the length of the track.
  
  I have been running all over the building looking for him.
  
  Sorry, I’ve got to run; my house is on fire.
3. (transitive) To cause to move quickly or lightly.
  
  Every day I run my dog across the field and back.
  
  I’ll just run the vacuum cleaner over the carpet.
  
  Run your fingers through my hair.
5. (transitive or intransitive) To compete in a race.
  
  The horse will run the Preakness next year.
  
  I’m not ready to run a marathon.
6. (transitive) To transport someone or something, notionally at a brisk pace.
  
  Could you run me over to the store?
  
  Please run this report upstairs to director’s office.
7. (transitive, intransitive) Of a means of transportation: to travel (a route).
  
  the bus (train, plane, ferry boat, etc) runs between Newport and Riverside
  - 1997, Karl-Heinz Reger; Nelles Verlag Staff, Malaysia — Singapore — Brunei, Hunter Publishing, Inc, →ISBN, page 91:
    
    Small planes run between Alor and Langkawi. BUS: Express busses leave the bus terminal on the corner of Jl. Langgar and Jl. Stesyen for K. Kedah, […]
  - 2013 April 15, Mary Ann Sternberg, Along the River Road: Past and Present on Louisiana’s Historic Byway, LSU Press, →ISBN, page 62:
    
    The first steam ferry or tug, the Little Minnie, ran the river in the 1870s. When vehicles were to cross, a barge was affixed to the Minnie to carry them. The Bella Israel, a successor to the Little Minnie, sank in 1894 and 62 Along the […]
8. (transitive) To transit a length of a river, as in whitewater rafting.
  - 1979, United States. Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Region, Piedra River: Final Environmental Impact Statement & Wild & Scenic River Study, page 74:
    
    To put it frankly, if you people had to hire others to run the river and survey it for you, if, in short, you can’t even run it yourself, why do think you can decide who is and who is not competent? River running, as has been […]
9. (intransitive) Of fish, to migrate for spawning.
10. (American football, transitive or intransitive) To carry (a football) down the field, as opposed to passing or kicking.
  - 2019 December 29, Chad Finn, “24 thoughts on the Patriots’ loss to the Dolphins”, in Boston Globe‎^[2]:
    
    Then, on their second possession, Isaiah Ford ran for 11 yards after abandoning a flea flicker. […] The Patriots ran the ball just 27 times despite averaging 5 yards per carry.
11. (transitive) To achieve or perform by running or as if by running.
  
  The horse ran a great race.
12. (intransitive) To flee from a danger or towards help.
  
  Whenever things get tough, she cuts and runs.
  
  When he’s broke, he runs to me for money.
13. (figurative, transitive) To pass (without stopping), typically a stop signal, stop sign, or duty to yield the right of way.
  
  If you have a collision with a vehicle oncoming from the right, after having run priority to the right, you are at fault.
14. (transitive, juggling, colloquial) To juggle a pattern continuously, as opposed to starting and stopping quickly.
(fluids) To flow.
1. (intransitive) Of a liquid, to flow.
  
  The river runs through the forest.
  
  There’s blood running down your leg.
2. (intransitive, figuratively) To move or spread quickly.
  
  There’s a strange story running around the neighborhood.
  
  The flu is running through my daughter’s kindergarten.
3. (intransitive) Of an object, to have a liquid flowing from it.
  
  Your nose is running.
  
  Why is the hose still running?
4. (transitive) To make a liquid flow; to make liquid flow from or into an object.
  
  You’ll have to run the water a while before it gets hot.
  
  Could you run a bath for me, please?
5. (intransitive) To become liquid; to melt.
  - 1717 [a. 18 A.D.], Ovid, Joseph Addison, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphoses in fifteen books. Translated by the most eminent hands. Adorn’d with sculptures‎^[3], Book the Third, The Story of Narcissus, page 92:
    
    As Wax dissolves, as Ice begins to run,
  - 1729, John Woodward, An Attempt Towards a Natural History of the Fossils of England, Tome I, page 223:
    
    The Sussex ores run pretty freely in the Fire for Iron-Ores; otherwise they would hardly be worth working.
6. (intransitive) To leak or spread in an undesirable fashion; to bleed (especially used of dye or paint).
  
  During washing, the red from the rug ran onto the white sheet, staining it pink.
7. To fuse; to shape; to mould; to cast.
  
  to run bullets
  - 1718, Henry Felton, A Dissertation on Reading the Classics, and Forming a Just Style‎^[4], page 6:
    
    But, my Lord, the fairest Diamonds are rough till they are polished, and the purest Gold must be run and washed, and sifted in the Oar.
(nautical, of a vessel) To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing close-hauled.
(transitive) To control or manage, be in charge of.

My uncle ran a corner store for forty years.

She runs the fundraising.

My parents think they run my life.

He is running the candidate’s expensive campaign.
- 1972 December 29, Richard Schickel, “Masterpieces underrated and overlooked”, in Life, volume 73, number 25, page 22:
  
  A friend of mine who runs an intellectual magazine was grousing about his movie critic, complaining that though the fellow had liked The Godfather (page 58), he had neglected to label it clearly as a masterpiece.
- 2013 May 11, “What a waste”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 12:
  
  India is run by gerontocrats and epigones: grey hairs and groomed heirs.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:run.
(intransitive) To be a candidate in an election.

I have decided to run for governor of California.

We’re trying to find somebody to run against him next year.
To make participate in certain kinds of competitions
1. (transitive) To make run in a race.
  
  He ran his best horse in the Derby.
2. (transitive) To make run in an election.
  
  The Green Party is running twenty candidates in this election.
To exert continuous activity; to proceed.

to run through life; to run in a circle
(intransitive) To be presented in the media.

The story will run on the 6-o’clock news.

The latest Robin Williams movie is running at the Silver City theatre.

Her picture ran on the front page of the newspaper.
(transitive) To print or broadcast in the media.

run a story; run an ad
(transitive) To smuggle (illegal goods).

to run guns; to run rum
- 1728, Jonathan Swift, “An answer to a paper, called A memorial of the poor inhabitants, tradesmen, and labourers of the kingdom of Ireland”, in The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, published 1757, page 175:
  
  […]whereas in the business of laying heavy impositions two and two never made more than one ; which happens by lessening the import, and the strong temptation of running such goods as paid high duties
(transitive, agriculture) To sort through a large volume of produce in quality control.

Looks like we’re gonna have to run the tomatoes again.
To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time.
1. (intransitive) To extend in space or through a range (often with a measure phrase).
  
  The border runs for 3000 miles.
  
  The leash runs along a wire.
  
  The grain of the wood runs to the right on this table.
  
  It ran in quality from excellent to substandard.
2. (intransitive) To extend in time, to last, to continue (usually with a measure phrase).
  
  The sale will run for ten days.
  
  The contract runs through 2008.
  
  The meeting ran late.
  
  The book runs 655 pages.
  
  The speech runs as follows: …
3. (transitive) To make something extend in space.
  
  I need to run this wire along the wall.
4. (intransitive) Of a machine, including computer programs, to be operating or working normally.
  
  My car stopped running.
  
  That computer runs twenty-four hours a day.
  
  Buses don’t run here on Sunday.
5. (transitive) To make a machine operate.
  
  It’s full. You can run the dishwasher now.
  
  Don’t run the engine so fast.
(transitive) To execute or carry out a plan, procedure, or program.

They ran twenty blood tests on me and they still don’t know what’s wrong.

Our coach had us running plays for the whole practice.

I will run the sample.

Don’t run that software unless you have permission.

My computer is too old to run the new OS.
To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation.

to run from one subject to another
- 1697, Joseph Addison, “An essay on the Georgics”, in The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Aeneis‎^[5], by John Dryden:
  
  Virgil was so well acquainted with this Secret, that to set off his first Georgic, he has run into a set of Precepts, which are almost foreign to his Subject,
(copulative) To become different in a way mentioned (usually to become worse).

Our supplies are running low.

They frequently overspent and soon ran into debt.
- 1712, Joseph Addison, Cato, a Tragedy, Act IV, scene i:
  
  Have I not cause to rave, and beat my breast, / To rend my heart with grief and run distracted?
- 1968, Paul Simon, The Boxer (song)
  
  I was no more than a boy / In the company of strangers / In the quiet of the railway station / Running scared.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:run.
(transitive) To cost a large amount of money.

Buying a new laptop will run you a thousand dollars.

Laptops run about a thousand dollars apiece.
(intransitive) Of stitches or stitched clothing, to unravel.

My stocking is running.
To pursue in thought; to carry in contemplation.
- 1692, Robert South, “Discourse I. The creation of man in God’s image”, in Discourses on Various Subjects and Occasions‎^[6], published 1827, page 1:
  
  To run the world back to its first original and infancy, and, as it were, to view nature in its cradle,
- 1695, Jeremy Collier, “A Thought”, in Miscellanies upon Moral Subjects by Jeremy Collier‎^[7], page 88:
  
  Methinks, if it might be, I would gladly understand the Formation of a Soul, run it up to its Punctum Saliens, and see it beat the first conscious Pulse.
To cause to enter; to thrust.

to run a sword into or through the body; to run a nail into one’s foot
- 1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part II, London: Collins, →ISBN:
  
  There was also hairdressing: hairdressing, too, really was hairdressing in those times — no running a comb through it and that was that. It was curled, frizzed, waved, put in curlers overnight, waved with hot tongs; […].
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:run.
To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to be driven.
- They ran the ship aground.
- 1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation:
  
  […]besides all this, a talkative person must needs be impertinent, and speak many idle words, and so render himself burdensome and odious to Company, and may perchance run himself upon great Inconveniences, by blabbing out his own or other’s Secrets;
- 1706, John Locke, Of the Conduct of the Understanding‎^[8], Section 24. Partiality:
  
  […]and others, accustomed to retired speculations, run natural philosophy into metaphysical notions and the abstract generalities of logic ;
To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to indicate; to determine.

to run a line
To encounter or incur (a danger or risk).

to run the risk of losing one’s life
To put at hazard; to venture; to risk.
- He would himself be in the Highlands to receive them, and run his fortune with them.
To tease with sarcasms and ridicule.
To sew (a seam) by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.
To control or have precedence in a card game.

Every three or four hands he would run the table.
To be in form thus, as a combination of words.
- 1722 [1647], Robert Sanderson, Thomas Lewis, transl., A Preservative Against Schism and Rebellion, in the Most Trying Times‎^[9], volume 1, translation of De juramenti promissorii obligatione, page 355:
  
  Which Sovereignity, with us, so undoubtedly resideth in the Person of the King, that his ordinary style runneth — Our Sovereign Lord the King
- 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎^[10]:
  
  The departure was not unduly prolonged. In the road Mr. Love and the driver favoured the company with a brief chanty running: “Got it?—No, I ain’t, ‘old on,—Got it? Got it?—No, ‘old on sir.”
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:run.
(archaic) To be popularly known; to be generally received.
- c. 1685, William Temple, Upon the Gardens of Epicurus‎^[11], published 1908, page 27:
  
  […]great captains, and even consular men, who first brought them over, took pride in giving them their own names (by which they run a great while in Rome)
- Neither was he ignorant what report ran of himselfe.
To have growth or development.

Boys and girls run up rapidly.
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], published 1708, →OCLC:
  
  or the Richness of the Ground cause them [turnips] to run too much to Leaves
To tend, as to an effect or consequence; to incline.
- 1708, Jonathan Swift, “The Sentiments of a Church-of-England Man with respect to Religion and Government”, in The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, published 1757, page 235:
  
  It hath been observed, that the temperate climates usually run into moderate governments, and the extremes into despotic power.
To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company.

Certain covenants run with the land.
- c. 1665, Josiah Child, Discourse on Trade
  
  Customs run only upon our goods imported or exported, and that but once for all; whereas interest runs as well upon our ships as goods, and must be yearly paid.
To encounter or suffer (a particular, usually bad, fate or misfortune).
(golf) To strike (the ball) in such a way as to cause it to run along the ground, as when approaching a hole.
(video games, rare) To speedrun.

Conjugation[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

also-ran
hit-and-run
lose the run of oneself
overrun
re-run
run someone ragged
run-down
run-in
run-of-the-mill
run-off
run-up
runaround
runaway
runner
runner-up
runny
runtime
runway
scoop and run
uprun
well-run

[edit]

front runner
hit the ground running
hold with the hare and run with the hounds
in the running
make someone’s blood run cold
off and running
one can run but one can’t hide
out of the running
re-run
run a bath
run a fever
run a risk
run a temperature
run a train
run across
run after
run aground
run along
run amok
run amuck
run an errand
run around
run away
run by
run circles around
run down
run for the exercise
run for the hills
run for the roses
run high
run hot
run hot and cold
run in
run in the family
run into
run into the ground
run like a dry creek
run low
run of the mill
run off
run on
run one’s name
run out
run out of steam
run over
run past
run rampant
run rate
run scared
run someone off their feet
run the gamut
run the gauntlet
run the show
run through
run time
run to
run up
run up against
run, don’t walk
scud run
up and running

Translations[edit]

to move quickly on two feet

Abkhaz: аҩра (ajʷra)
Afar: erde
Albanian: vrapoj (sq)
American Sign Language: S@SideChesthigh-S@SideChesthigh CirclesMidline-CirclesMidline
Arabic: رَكَضَ‎ (ar) (rakaḍa), جَرَى‎ (ar) (jarā)

Egyptian Arabic: جري‎ (gerī)

Hijazi Arabic: جري‎ (jirī)

Moroccan Arabic: جْرى‎ (jra)

South Levantine Arabic: ركض‎ (rakaḍ)
Armenian: վազել (hy) (vazel)
Aromanian: fug, alag
Assamese: দৌৰা (doura)
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܪܵܚܹܛ‎ (raḳeṭ)
Asturian: correr (ast)
Avar: рекеризе (rekerize)
Azerbaijani: yüyürmək
Bashkir: йүгереү (yügerew)
Basque: korrika egin (eu), lasterka egin (eu)
Belarusian: бе́гаць impf (bjéhacʹ), пабе́гаць pf (pabjéhacʹ) (abstract), бе́гчы impf (bjéhčy) (concrete), пабе́гчы pf (pabjéhčy)
Bengali: দৌড়ানো (bn) (dōuṛanō)
Bikol Central: dalagan (bcl)
Breton: redek (br)
Bulgarian: бя́гам (bg) impf (bjágam) (abstract), ти́чам (bg) impf (tíčam)
Burmese: ပြေး (my) (pre:)
Catalan: córrer (ca)
Cebuano: dagan
Chechen: дада (dada), ида (ida)
Cherokee: ᎠᏟ (atli)
Cheyenne: -ameméohe
Chinese:

Cantonese: 走 (zau²), 跑 (paau²)

Dungan: по (po)

Hakka: 走 (chéu)

Mandarin: 跑 (zh) (pǎo), 奔跑 (zh) (bēnpǎo), 走 (zh) (zǒu) (literary)

Min Nan: 走 (zh-min-nan) (cháu)

Wu: 奔 (pen), 跑 (bau)
Chuvash: чуп (čup)
Crimean Tatar: çapmaq, (northern dialect) cuvurmaq
Czech: běhat (cs) impf (abstract), běžet (cs) impf (concrete)
Dalmatian: cuar
Danish: løbe (da)
Dutch: rennen (nl), lopen (nl)
Esperanto: kuri (eo)
Estonian: jooksma (et)
Even: тут- (tut-)
Evenki: тукса- (tuksa-)
Ewe: ƒu du
Faroese: renna (fo)
Finnish: juosta (fi)
French: courir (fr)
Friulian: cori
Galician: correr (gl)
Georgian: სირბილი (sirbili)
German: rennen (de), laufen (de)

Alemannic German: lauffe
Gothic: 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan), 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (rinnan)
Greek: τρέχω (el) (trécho)

Ancient: τρέχω (trékhō), θέω (théō)
Guaraní: ñani
Gujarati: દોડવું (doḍvũ)
Haitian Creole: kouri
Hebrew: רָץ‎ (he) (rats)
Higaonon: pulaguy
Hindi: दौड़ना (hi) (dauṛnā)
Hungarian: fut (hu), szalad (hu)
Icelandic: hlaupa (is)
Ido: kurar (io), hastar (io)
Indonesian: lari (id), berlari (id), menjalankan (id)
Ingrian: joossa
Ingush: вада (vada)
Irish: rith
Italian: correre (it)
Japanese: 走る (ja) (はしる, hashiru)
Javanese: mlayu (jv)
Kabyle: azzel
Kannada: ಓಡು (kn) (ōḍu)
Kazakh: жүгіру (kk) (jügıru)
Khmer: រត់ (km) (rŭət)
Korean: 달리다 (ko) (dallida), 뛰다 (ko) (ttwida)
Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: ڕاکردن‎ (ckb) (rakirdin)

Northern Kurdish: bezîn (ku), revîn (ku), bazdan (ku)
Kyrgyz: жүгүрүү (ky) (jügürüü)
Lao: ແລ່ນ (lǣn)
Latgalian: skrīt
Latin: currō (la)
Latvian: skriet
Lithuanian: bėgti (lt)
Lombard: cór
Luxembourgish: lafen, rennen
Macedonian: т́рча impf (t́rča), истрча pf (istrča)
Malay: berlari, lari (ms)
Malayalam: ഓടുക (ml) (ōṭuka)
Maltese: ġera
Manchu: ᡶᡝᡴᠰᡳᠮᠪᡳ (feksimbi)
Manx: roie
Maori: oma
Maranao: palalagoy
Mongolian: гүйх (mn) (güjx)
Nanai: туту-
Nepali: दगुर्नु (ne) (dagurnu), दौडनु (dauṛanu)
North Frisian: (Föhr-Amrum) luup, laap (Sylt)
Northern Altai: чӱгӱрер (čügürer)
Northern Ohlone: othemhimah
Norwegian:

Bokmål: løpe (no), springe (no)
Occitan: córrer (oc)
Old Church Slavonic:

Cyrillic: бѣгати impf (běgati) (abstract), бѣжати impf (běžati) (concrete)

Glagolitic: ⰱⱑⰳⰰⱅⰹ impf (běgati) (abstract), ⰱⱑⰶⰰⱅⰹ impf (běžati) (concrete)
Old East Slavic: бѣгати impf (běgati) (abstract), бѣжати impf (běžati) (concrete)
Old English: rinnan
Old Javanese: layu
Oromo: fiiguu
Ossetian: згъорын (zǧoryn)
Ottoman Turkish: قوشمق‎ (koşmak), یلمك‎ (yelmek)
Pashto: الاکول‎ (alākawə́l)
Persian: دویدن‎ (fa) (davidan)
Polabian: bezăt impf (concrete)
Polish: biegać (pl) impf (abstract), biec (pl) impf (concrete)
Portuguese: correr (pt)
Quechua: qurriy
Romanian: alerga (ro), fugi (ro)
Romansch: currer, cuorer, curer, curir, correr, cuorrer
Russian: бе́гать (ru) impf (bégatʹ), побе́гать (ru) pf (pobégatʹ) (abstract), бежа́ть (ru) impf (bežátʹ), побежа́ть (ru) pf (pobežátʹ) (concrete)
Sanskrit: द्रवति (sa) (dravati), धावति (sa) (dhāvati)
Sardinian: cúrrere, curri, cúrriri
Scots: rin
Scottish Gaelic: ruith
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: тр̀чати impf

Roman: tr̀čati (sh) impf
Sicilian: cùrriri (scn)
Sindhi: ڊڪڻ‎
Sinhalese: දුවනවා (duwanawā)
Slovak: behať impf (abstract), bežať impf (concrete)
Slovene: teči (sl) impf
Slovincian: bjìe̯găc impf (abstract)
Somali: ordid
Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: běgaś impf (abstract), běžaś impf (concrete)

Upper Sorbian: běhać impf (abstract), běžeć impf (concrete)
Southern Altai: јӱгӱрер (ǰügürer)
Spanish: correr (es)
Swahili: kukimbia
Swedish: springa (sv)
Tagalog: takbo, tumakbo
Tajik: давидан (tg) (davidan)
Tamil: ஓடு (ta) (ōṭu)
Tatar: йөгерергә (tt) (yögerergä)
Tausug: dagan, dumagan
Telugu: పరుగెత్తు (te) (parugettu)
Tetum: halai
Thai: วิ่ง (th) (wîng)
Turkish: koşmak (tr)
Turkmen: çapmak
Tuvan: маңнаар (mañnaar), чүгүрер (çügürer)
Ukrainian: бі́гати (uk) impf (bíhaty) (abstract), бі́гти (uk) impf (bíhty) (concrete)
Urdu: دوڑنا‎ (dauṛnā)
Uyghur: يۈگۈرمەك‎ (yügürmek)
Uzbek: yugurmoq (uz)
Venetian: córar, córer, córare, corer (vec)
Vietnamese: chạy (vi)
Walloon: cori (wa)
Waray-Waray: dalagan
Welsh: rhedeg (cy)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: pelelaɣuy
Yagnobi: давак (davak)
Yiddish: לויפֿן‎ (loyfn)

to move quickly

Catalan: córrer (ca)
Finnish: juosta (fi), rientää (fi), rynnätä (fi)
Galician: correr (gl)
German: laufen (de)
Japanese: 走る (ja) (はしる, hashiru)
Polish: biec (pl) impf, biegać (pl) impf
Portuguese: correr (pt)
Quechua: rumpiy
Russian: бе́гать (ru) impf (bégatʹ), побе́гать (ru) pf (pobégatʹ) (abstract), бежа́ть (ru) impf (bežátʹ), побежа́ть (ru) pf (pobežátʹ) (concrete)
Venetian: corer (vec), córar, córer, córare

to move or spread quickly

to cause to move quickly

Catalan: fer córrer
Czech: prohánět, prohnat
Finnish: juoksuttaa (fi), ajaa (fi)
German: laufen lassen
Russian: гнать (ru) (gnatʹ), гоня́ть (ru) impf (gonjátʹ) (abstract); погоня́ть (ru) impf (pogonjátʹ) (esp. cattle); вести́ (ru) impf (vestí); води́ть (ru) impf (vodítʹ) (abstract); проводи́ть (ru) impf (provodítʹ), провести́ (ru) pf (provestí);

to be in charge of

Chinese:

Mandarin: 經營／经营 (zh) (jīngyíng), 管理 (zh) (guǎnlǐ)
Czech: řídit (cs)
Finnish: vetää (fi), vastata (fi) (+ elative), hallita (fi), johtaa (fi), pyörittää (fi) (colloquial)
German: leiten (de), schmeißen (de) (slang)
Hebrew: נִהֵל‎ (he) (niheil)
Icelandic: reka (is), leiða, stýra (is)
Indonesian: menjalankan (id)
Italian: condurre (it)
Korean: 맡다 (ko) (matda)
Old English: wealdan
Persian: اداره کردن‎ (fa) (edâre kardan)
Portuguese: dirigir (pt)
Romanian: conduce (ro)
Russian: управля́ть (ru) impf (upravljátʹ), руководи́ть (ru) impf (rukovodítʹ)
Swedish: driva (sv), leda (sv), styra (sv)

to flow

Bulgarian: тека́ (bg) impf (teká)
Catalan: fluir (ca), escolar-se (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 流 (zh) (liú)
Czech: téct (cs), téci (cs)
Danish: løbe (da), (about tears, poetic) trille, rulle
Finnish: virrata (fi), juosta (fi)
French: s’écouler (fr), couler (fr)
Galician: correr (gl), fluír (gl)
German: fließen (de), rinnen (de)
Greek: τρέχω (el) (trécho), ρέω (el) (réo), κυλώ (el) (kyló)
Indonesian: mengalir (id)
Irish: sil
Italian: fluire (it)
Kazakh:

Arabic: اعۋ‎
Korean: 흐르다 (ko) (heureuda)
Macedonian: тече (teče)
Malay: mengalir (ms)
Manx: sheel
Old English: rinnan
Polish: cieknąć (pl), biec (pl) impf
Portuguese: correr (pt), manar (pt), fluir (pt)
Russian: течь (ru) impf (tečʹ),
Scots: rin
Scottish Gaelic: ruith
Serbo-Croatian: proticati (sh), strujati
Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: běžaś impf
Spanish: fluir (es), afluir (es), correr (es)
Swedish: rinna (sv)
Tuvan: агар (agar)
Vietnamese: chảy (vi)

to sail a boat with the wind coming from behind

of a machine, to be operating normally

Catalan: funcionar (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 工作 (zh) (gōngzuò), 運行／运行 (zh) (yùnxíng), 運轉／运转 (zh) (yùnzhuǎn)
Czech: fungovat (cs) impf
Finnish: toimia (fi), käydä (fi), kulkea (fi) (of means of transport), pyöriä (fi)
French: marcher (fr)
German: laufen (de)
Italian: funzionare (it)
Japanese: 作動する (ja) (さどうする, sadō suru), 機能する (ja) (きのうする, kinō suru), 作用する (ja) (さようする, sayō suru), 動く (ja) (うごく, ugoku)
Korean: 작동하다 (ko) (jakdonghada), 작용하다 (ko) (jagyonghada)
Macedonian: работи impf (raboti)
Norwegian:

Bokmål: gå (no)
Portuguese: rodar (pt), funcionar (pt), operar (pt)
Russian: рабо́тать (ru) impf (rabótatʹ), функциони́ровать (ru) impf (funkcionírovatʹ) (formal), идти́ (ru) impf (idtí) (clock, watch)
Tuvaluan: tele

to make a machine operate

Catalan: fer funcionar
Finnish: käynnistää (fi), käyttää (fi), ajaa (fi), pyörittää (fi)
German: anwerfen (start up; informal), betreiben (de) (continuous)
Indonesian: menjalankan (id)
Khmer: ដើរ (km) (daə)
Portuguese: rodar (pt), operar (pt)
Russian: рабо́тать (ru) impf (rabótatʹ); управля́ть (ru) impf (upravljátʹ)
Tuvaluan: fakatele

to execute or carry out a plan, procedure or program

to be a candidate in an election

Czech: kandidovat
Danish: stille op
Dutch: kandideren (nl)
Finnish: olla ehdolla, pyrkiä (fi)
German: kandidieren (de), antreten (de)
Japanese: 出馬する (ja) (しゅつばする, shutsuba suru)
Korean: 출마하다 (chulmahada)
Macedonian: се кандиди́ра (se kandidíra)
Navajo: yishwoł
Portuguese: concorrer (pt)
Russian: баллоти́роваться (ru) impf (ballotírovatʹsja)
Spanish: postularse (es)
Swedish: kandidera (sv)

to smuggle illegal goods — see smuggle

to cost a certain amount of money

of fish, to migrate for spawning

to control or have precedence in a card game

juggling: to juggle a pattern continuously

Noun[edit]

diagram of stairs, showing the run (sense 18.2)

Stockings with a run (sense 21) in them

run (plural runs)

Act or instance of running, of moving rapidly using the feet.

I just got back from my morning run.
- 2012 June 9, Owen Phillips, “Euro 2012: Netherlands 0-1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport‎^[12]:
  
  Krohn-Dehli took advantage of a lucky bounce of the ball after a battling run on the left flank by Simon Poulsen, dummied two defenders and shot low through goalkeeper Maarten Stekelenburg’s legs after 24 minutes.
Act or instance of hurrying (to or from a place) (not necessarily on foot); dash or errand, trip.
- 1759, N. Tindal, The Continuation of Mr Rapin’s History of England, volume 21 (continuation volume 9), page 92:
  
  […] and on the 18th of January this squadron put to sea. The first place of rendezvous was the boy of port St. Julian, upon the coast of Patagonia, and all accidents were provided against with admirable foresight. Their run to port St. Julian was dangerous […]
I need to make a run to the store.
A pleasure trip.

Let’s go for a run in the car.
- And I think of giving her a run in London for a change.
Flight, instance or period of fleeing.
- 2006, Tsirk Susej, The Demonic Bible, →ISBN, page 41:
  
  During his run from the police, he claimed to have a metaphysical experience which can only be described as “having passed through an abyss.”
Migration (of fish).
A group of fish that migrate, or ascend a river for the purpose of spawning.
A literal or figurative path or course for movement relating to:
1. A (regular) trip or route.
  
  The bus on the Cherry Street run is always crowded.
  - 1977, Star Wars (film)
    
    You’ve never heard of the Millennium Falcon? It’s the ship that made the Kessel Run in less than twelve parsecs.
2. The route taken while running or skiing.
  
  Which run did you do today?
3. (skiing, bobsledding) A single trip down a hill, as in skiing and bobsledding.
4. The distance sailed by a ship.
  
  a good run; a run of fifty miles
5. A voyage.
  
  a run to China
6. A trial.
  
  The data got lost, so I’ll have to perform another run of the experiment.
7. (mathematics, computing) The execution of a program or model
  
  This morning’s run of the SHIPS statistical model gave Hurricane Priscilla a 74% chance of gaining at least 30 knots of intensity in 24 hours, reconfirmed by the HMON and GFS dynamical models.
8. (video games) A playthrough, or attempted playthrough; a session of play.
  
  This was my first successful run without losing any health.
Unrestricted use. Only used in have the run of.

He can have the run of the house.
An enclosure for an animal; a track or path along which something can travel.

He set up a rabbit run.
(Australia, New Zealand) Rural landholding for farming, usually for running sheep, and operated by a runholder.
State of being current; currency; popularity.
- 1715 June 5 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 45. Wednesday, May 25. [1715.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, →OCLC:
  
  It is impossible for detached papers[…] to have a general run, or long continuance, if they are not diversified[…].
Continuous or sequential
1. A continuous period (of time) marked by a trend; a period marked by a continuing trend.
  
  I’m having a run of bad luck.
  
  He went to Las Vegas and spent all his money over a three-day run.
  - They who made their arrangements in the first run of misadventure […] put a seal on their calamities.
  - 2011 June 28, Piers Newbery, “Wimbledon 2011: Sabine Lisicki beats Marion Bartoli”, in BBC Sport‎^[13]:
    
    German wildcard Sabine Lisicki conquered her nerves to defeat France’s Marion Bartoli and take her amazing Wimbledon run into the semi-finals.
2. A series of tries in a game that were successful.
  
  If our team can keep up their strong defense, expect them to make a run in this tournament.
3. A production quantity (such as in a factory).
  
  Yesterday we did a run of 12,000 units.
  
  The book’s initial press run will be 5,000 copies.
4. The period of showing of a play, film, TV series, etc.
  
  The run of the show lasted two weeks, and we sold out every night.
  
  It is the last week of our French cinema run.
  - 1856 February, [Thomas Babington] Macaulay, “Oliver Goldsmith [from the Encyclopædia Britannica]”, in T[homas] F[lower] E[llis], editor, The Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches of Lord Macaulay, new edition, London: Longman, Green, Reader, & Dyer, published 1871, →OCLC:
    
    A canting, mawkish play […] had an immense run.
5. (slang) A period of extended (usually daily) drug use.
  - 1964 : Heroin by The Velvet Underground
    
    And I’ll tell ya, things aren’t quite the same / When I’m rushing on my run.
  - 1975, Lloyd Y. Young, Mary Anne Koda-Kimble, Brian S. Katcher, Applied Therapeutics for Clinical Pharmacists
    
    Frank Fixwell, a 25 year-old male, has been on a heroin «run» (daily use) for the past two years.
  - 1977, Richard P. Rettig, Manual J. Torres, Gerald R. Garrett, Manny: a criminal-addict’s story, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH) →ISBN
    
    I was hooked on dope, and hooked bad, during this whole period, but I was also hooked behind robbery. When you’re on a heroin run, you stay loaded so long as you can score.
  - 2001, Robin J. Harman, Handbook of Pharmacy Health Education, Pharmaceutical Press, →ISBN, page 172:
    
    This can develop quite quickly (over a matter of hours) during a cocaine run or when cocaine use becomes a daily habit.
  - 2010, Robert DuPont, The Selfish Brain: Learning from Addiction, Hazelden Publishing, →ISBN, page 158:
    
    DA depletion leads to the crash that characteristically ends a cocaine run.
6. (card games) A sequence of cards in a suit in a card game.
7. (music) A rapid passage in music, especially along a scale.
A flow of liquid; a leak.

The constant run of water from the faucet annoys me.

a run of must in wine-making

the first run of sap in a maple orchard
(chiefly eastern Midland US, especially Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia) A small creek or part thereof. (Compare Southern US branch and New York and New England brook.)

The military campaign near that creek was known as «The battle of Bull Run«.
A quick pace, faster than a walk.

He broke into a run.
1. (of horses) A fast gallop.
(banking) A sudden series of demands on a bank or other financial institution, especially characterised by great withdrawals.

Financial insecurity led to a run on the banks, as customers feared for the security of their savings.
Any sudden large demand for something.

There was a run on Christmas presents.
Various horizontal dimensions or surfaces
1. The top of a step on a staircase, also called a tread, as opposed to the rise.
3. The horizontal length of a set of stairs
4. (construction) Horizontal dimension of a slope.
A standard or unexceptional group or category.

He stood out from the usual run of applicants.
In sports
1. (baseball) A score when a runner touches all bases legally; the act of a runner scoring.
2. (cricket) The act of passing from one wicket to another; the point scored for this.
3. (American football) A running play.
  
  […] one of the greatest runs of all time.
  - 2003, Jack Seibold, Spartan Sports Encyclopedia, page 592:
    
    Aaron Roberts added an insurance touchdown on a one-yard run.
4. (golf) The movement communicated to a golf ball by running it.
5. (golf) The distance a ball travels after touching the ground from a stroke.
6. The distance drilled with a bit, in oil drilling.
  - 1832, Records and Briefs of the United States Supreme Court (page 21)
    
    Well, when you compare the cone type with the cross roller bit, you get a longer run, there is less tendency of the bit to go flat while running in various formations. It cleans itself better.
A line of knit stitches that have unravelled, particularly in a nylon stocking.

I have a run in my stocking.
- 1975, Joni Mitchell (lyrics and music), “The Boho Dance”, in The Hissing of Summer Lawns:
  
  A camera pans the cocktail hour / Behind a blind of potted palms / And finds a lady in a Paris dress / With runs in her nylons
(nautical) The stern of the underwater body of a ship from where it begins to curve upward and inward.
(mining) The horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried, either by licence of the proprietor of a mine or by the nature of the formation; also, the direction which a vein of ore or other substance takes.
A pair or set of millstones.
(speedrunning) Shortening of speedrun.

Synonyms[edit]

(horizontal part of a step): tread
(unravelling): ladder (British)
(computing): execute, start
See also Thesaurus:walk

Antonyms[edit]

(horizontal part of a step): rise, riser
(horizontal distance of a set of stairs): rise

Derived terms[edit]

a run for one’s money
cannonball run
chicken run
dry run
hacking run
have the run of
home run
in the long run
in the short run
maiden run
make a run for it
mud run
on the run
rat run
runholder
runout
runpast
shuttle run
ski run
take a run at
the run of
the runs
ultrarun

Translations[edit]

act of running

Afrikaans: hardloop
American Sign Language: S@SideChesthigh-S@SideChesthigh CirclesMidline-CirclesMidline
Amharic: ሩጫ (ruč̣a)
Armenian: վազք (hy) (vazkʿ)
Azerbaijani: qaçma, qaçış (az)
Breton: redek (br)
Bulgarian: бя́гане (bg) n (bjágane), ти́чане (bg) (tíčane)
Catalan: córrer (ca)
Czech: běh (cs) m
Danish: løb (da) n
Dutch: loop (nl) m
Finnish: juoksu (fi)
French: courir (fr)
German: Lauf (de) m
Greek: τρέξιμο (el) (tréximo)
Hebrew: ריצה‎ (he)
Hungarian: futás (hu)
Irish: ruthag m
Italian: corsa (it)
Japanese: 走る (ja) (hashiru)
Korean: 뜀 (ttwim)
Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: ڕاکردن‎ (ckb) (rakirdin)

Northern Kurdish: bez (ku)
Latgalian: skriejīņs
Latvian: skrējiens, skriet
Lithuanian: bėgimas m
Macedonian: трчање n (trčanje), трк m (trk)
Malay: larian (ms)
Maori: omanga
Persian: دو‎ (fa) (dow)
Polish: bieg (pl) m
Portuguese: corrida (pt) f
Romanian: fugă (ro)
Russian: бег (ru) m (beg), пробе́жка (ru) f (probéžka)
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: трчати

Roman: trčati (sh)
Sotho: matha (st)
Spanish: correr (es)
Turkish: koşu (tr), koşma (tr)
Ukrainian: біг (uk) m (bih)
Vietnamese: chạy (vi)
Welsh: rhedeg (cy)

act or instance of hurrying to or from a place

Finnish: kaahaus

instance or period of fleeing

group of fish that migrate

route taken while running

Bulgarian: път (bg) m (pǎt)
Catalan: recorregut (ca) m, ruta (ca) f
Danish: rute c
Finnish: reitti (fi), lenkki (fi)
French: parcours (fr) m
German: Kurs (de) m, Runde (de) f
Italian: percorso (it) m
Japanese: ルート (ja) (rūto), 経路 (ja) (keiro)
Romanian: rută (ro)
Russian: бег (ru) m (beg), путь (ru) f (putʹ), маршру́т (ru) m (maršrút)
Swedish: runda (sv) c

distance sailed by a ship

Finnish: legi (fi)

computing: execution of a program or model

Finnish: ajo (fi)

video games: playthrough, session of play

enclosure for animals

Finnish: aitaus (fi), haka (fi) (enclosure); rata (fi) (track or path)
German: Auslauf (de) m
Italian: recinto (it) m, stabbio (it) m, addiaccio (it) m, stazzo (it) m
Japanese: ラン (ja) (ran)
Maori: rāihe
Polish: wybieg (pl) m
Romanian: țarc (ro)

rural landholding for keeping sheep

Finnish: laidun (fi)

continuous period of time marked by a trend

Finnish: putki (fi)

successful series of tries in a game

production quantity

Bulgarian: тира́ж (bg) m (tiráž)
Finnish: erä (fi), tuotantoerä; painos (fi) (printing)
German: Reihe (de) f, Satz (de) m, Stange (de) f
Italian: mandata (it) f, uscita (it) f, quantitativo (it) m, tiratura (it) f
Japanese: 量 (ja) (ryō)
Macedonian: тира́ж m (tiráž), траење n (traenje)
Portuguese: tiragem (pt) f
Romanian: tiraj (ro) (for magazines)
Russian: тира́ж (ru) (tiráž), па́ртия (ru) (pártija)

period of showing of a play, film, TV series, etc.

period of extended drug use

Finnish: putki (fi)

card games: sequence of cards in a suit

Finnish: väri (fi)

flow of liquid

Bulgarian: тече́ние (bg) (tečénie), пото́к (bg) (potók)
Finnish: virtaus (fi), juoksutus (fi)
French: flot (fr) m, flux (fr) m
German: Ausfluss (de) m
Italian: scorrere (it) m, flusso (it) m, sgocciolamento m, sgocciolio m
Japanese: 流れ (ja) (nagare)
Latgalian: tekme f, straume
Latvian: tecējums, straume f
Lithuanian: srovė f, tėkmė f
Macedonian: тек m (tek)
Maori: rere
Polish: bieg (pl) m
Portuguese: escorrimento m
Romanian: flux (ro)
Russian: пото́к (ru) m (potók), ток (ru) m (tok), тече́ние (ru) n (tečénije)
Swedish: flöde (sv) n, ström (sv) c, rinnande (sv) n

creek

Bulgarian: пото́к (bg) (potók), руче́й (bg) m (ručéj)
Finnish: puro (fi)
French: cours d’eau (fr) m
German: Bach (de) m, Wasserlauf (de) m
Italian: corso d’acqua m
Japanese: 小川 (ja) (ogawa)
Lithuanian: upelis (lt) m
Macedonian: по́ток m (pótok)
Norwegian: Løpe
Portuguese: riacho (pt) m
Romanian: golf (ro)
Swedish: bäck (sv) c

quick pace

Azerbaijani: qaçış (az)
Bulgarian: бяг (bg) m (bjag)
Finnish: juoksu (fi)
French: course (fr) f
Italian: corsetta f
Japanese: 早歩き (hayaaruki)
Macedonian: трк m (trk)
Maori: oma
Romanian: pas (ro)
Russian: бег (ru) m (beg)

fast gallop

Bulgarian: бяг (bg) m (bjag)
Catalan: galopar (ca)
Finnish: kiitolaukka (fi)
French: galoper (fr)
Italian: galoppata f, trotterellata f
Japanese: 襲歩 (shūho) (for horse riding)
Macedonian: трк m (trk)
Portuguese: galopar (pt)
Romanian: trap (ro)
Spanish: galopar (es)

sudden series of demands on a financial institution

sudden large demand for something

Finnish: ryntäys

top of a step on a staircase

horizontal length of a set of stairs

construction: horizontal dimension of a slope

standard or unexceptional group or category

golf: movement communicated to a golf ball by running it

golf: distance a ball travels after touching the ground from a stroke

Finnish: rulli

distance drilled with a bit

line of unravelled stitches

Catalan: carrera (ca) f, rega (ca) f
Dutch: ladder (nl) f
Finnish: silmäpako (fi)
Galician: carreira f
German: Laufmasche (de) f
Italian: smagliatura (it) f
Japanese: 伝線 (ja) (densen)
Macedonian: процеп m (procep), скинатица f (skinatica)
Polish: oczko (pl) n
Russian: стре́лка (ru) f (strélka)
Spanish: carrera (es) f

stern of the underwater body of a ship

Romanian: cârmă (ro)

mining: horizontal distance to which a drift may be carried

Translations to be checked

Bulgarian: про́бег (bg) m (próbeg) <:— was under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
Ewe: ^{(please verify)} duƒuƒu n, ^{(please verify)} dusisi n (1)
French: période (fr) f <:— was under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
German: Etappe (de) f (distance), Streckenabschnitt (de) m (distance), Phase (de) f (time) <:— were under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
Italian: periodo (it) m, distacco (it) m, giro (it) m <:— were under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
Italian: ^{(please verify)} corsa (it) f (1), ^{(please verify)} smagliatura (it) f, ^{(please verify)} giro (it) m (14)
Japanese: (for distance)道程 (ja) (dōtei), 区間 (ja) (kukan), (for time)時間 (ja) (jikan), 期間 (ja) (kikan) <:— were under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} bėgimas m
Polish: bieg (pl) m <:— was under definition «interval of distance or time» —>
Telugu: ^{(please verify)} పరుగు (te) (parugu)

Adjective[edit]

run (not comparable)

In a liquid state; melted or molten.

Put some run butter on the vegetables.
- 1921, L. W. Ferris, H. W. Redfield and W. R. North, The Volatile Acids and the Volatile Oxidizable Substances of Cream and Experimental Butter, in the Journal of Dairy Science, volume 4 (1921), page 522:
  
  Samples of the regular run butter were sealed in 1 pound tins and sent to Washington, where the butter was scored and examined.
Cast in a mould.
- 1735, Thomas Frankz, A tour through France, Flanders, and Germany: in a letter to Robert Savil, page 18:
  
  […] the Sides are generally made of Holland’s Tiles, or Plates of run Iron, ornamented variously as Fancy dictates, […]
- 1833, The Cabinet Cyclopaedia: A treatise on the progressive improvement and present state of the Manufactures in Metal, volume 2, Iron and Steel (printed in London), page 314:
  
  Vast quantities are cast in sand moulds, with that kind of run steel which is so largely used in the production of common table-knives and forks.
- c. 1839, (Richard of Raindale, The Plan of my House vindicated, quoted by) T. T. B. in the Dwelling of Richard of Raindale, King of the Moors, published in The Mirror, number 966, 7 September 1839, page 153:
  
  For making tea I have a kettle,
  
  Besides a pan made of run metal;
  
  An old arm-chair, in which I sit well —
  
  The back is round.
Exhausted; depleted (especially with «down» or «out»).
(of a zoology) Travelled, migrated; having made a migration or a spawning run.
- 1889, Henry Cholmondeley-Pennell, Fishing: Salmon and Trout, fifth edition, page 185:
  
  The temperature of the water is consequently much higher than in either England or Scotland, and many newly run salmon will be found in early spring in the upper waters of Irish rivers where obstructions exist.
- 1986, Arthur Oglesby, Fly fishing for salmon and sea trout, page 15:
  
  It may be very much a metallic appearance as opposed to the silver freshness of a recently run salmon.
- 2005, Rod Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, page 86:
  
  Thus, on almost any day of the year, a fresh-run salmon may be caught legally somewhere in the British Isles.
Smuggled.

run brandy

Verb[edit]

run

past participle of rin

Anagrams[edit]

Nur, URN, nur, urn

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

run

first-person singular present indicative of runnen
imperative of runnen

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

run

Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌽

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

run

Nonstandard spelling of rún.
Nonstandard spelling of rùn.

Usage notes[edit]

Transcriptions of Mandarin speech into the Roman alphabet often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.