Meaning of word rough - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

ruff (colloquial)

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English rough, rogh, roȝe, row, rou, ru, ruȝ, ruh, from Old English rūg, rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz. Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /ɹʌf/
Rhymes: -ʌf
Homophone: ruff

Adjective[edit]

rough (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)

Not smooth; uneven.
- 1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:
  
  The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.
Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.

a rough estimate

a rough sketch of a building

a rough plan
Turbulent.

rough sea
- 1927, M[ohandas] K[aramchand] Gandhi, chapter XII, in Mahadev Desai, transl., The Story of My Experiments with Truth: Translated from the Original in Gujarati, volume I, Ahmedabad, Gujarat: Navajivan Press, →OCLC:
  
  With my mother’s permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November.
Difficult; trying.

Being a teenager nowadays can be rough.
Crude; unrefined.

His manners are a bit rough, but he means well.
Worn; shabby; weather-beaten.
Violent; not careful or subtle.

This box has been through some rough handling.
Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.

a rough tone

a rough voice
(of a gem) Not polished; uncut.
Harsh-tasting.

rough wine
(chiefly UK, colloquial, slang) Somewhat ill; sick; in poor condition.
(chiefly UK, colloquial, slang) Unwell due to alcohol; hungover.

Antonyms[edit]

smooth

Derived terms[edit]

nanorough
rough and ready
rough around the edges
rough number
rough trade
rough-book
rough-dressed
roughcast
roughhouse
roughly
roughness
roughrider, rough rider
roughshod
roughspun
the rough side of one’s tongue
unrough

Translations[edit]

not smooth

Arabic: خَشِن‎ (ar) (ḵašin)
Aromanian: ascuru
Assamese: খহটা (khohota)
Belarusian: гру́бы (hrúby), грубы́ (hrubý)
Bikol Central: maragkot
Bulgarian: грапав (bg) (grapav), неравен (bg) (neraven)
Burmese: ကြမ်း (my) (kram:)
Catalan: aspre (ca)
Cherokee: ᎤᏐᏅ (usonv)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 粗糙 (zh) (cūcāo)
Czech: hrubý (cs) m
Dutch: ruw (nl), ruig (nl)
Estonian: kare (et)
Finnish: karhea (fi), rosoinen
French: rude (fr), rugueux (fr), brut (fr) m
Galician: áspero, esgrevio
German: rau (de), grob (de)
Greek:

Ancient: τραχύς (trakhús)
Hungarian: durva (hu), érdes (hu), egyenetlen (hu)
Ido: aspera (io)
Indonesian: kasar (id)
Irish: garbh
Italian: ruvido (it), rugoso (it), scabro (it) m
Japanese: 凸凹な (ja) (でこぼこな, dekoboko na), 粗い (ja) (あらい, arai)
Korean: 거칠다 (ko) (geochilda)
Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: زوور‎ (zûr)
Latin: asper
Latvian: raupjš, rupjš, ass (lv), negluds
Lithuanian: šiurkštus
Macedonian: груб (grub)
Maori: tuarangaranga (refers to a land surface), kaitara (of texture), whakanokenoke (refers to land surface), mātoretore, tuarangaranga (of water), mātoetoe, torehapehape
Navajo: dichʼíízh
Norman: rude m or f
Occitan: aspre (oc)
Persian: زبر‎ (fa) (zebr), زمخت‎ (fa) (zomoxt), خشن‎ (fa) (xašen)
Plautdietsch: ruch, schroff
Polish: szorstki (pl), zgrubny, chropowaty (pl)
Portuguese: áspero (pt)
Quechua: taku, qhachqa
Romanian: dur (ro), aspru (ro)
Russian: гру́бый (ru) (grúbyj), шерохова́тый (ru) (šeroxovátyj), жёсткий (ru) (žóstkij)
Scots: roch
Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic: груб

Roman: grub (sh)
Slovak: hrubý
Slovene: grob (sl)
Spanish: áspero (es)
Sundanese: keusrak
Swedish: ojämn (sv)
Telugu: గరుకు (te) (garuku)
Tocharian B: aśāwe, śāwe
Ukrainian: гру́бий (hrúbyj), шорстки́й (šorstkýj)
Walloon: graevleus (wa) m, rexhe (wa) m or f
West Frisian: rûch (fy)
Zazaki: xısn

approximate

Bulgarian: приблизителен (bg) (priblizitelen)
Catalan: aproximat (ca), quasi (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 粗略 (zh) (cūlüè)
Czech: hrubý (cs) m
Estonian: ligilähedane
Finnish: karkea (fi), alustava (fi)
French: approximatif (fr) m
Galician: esmo (gl) m, acaroado (gl) m, aproximado m, aproximada f
Georgian: დაახლოებითი (daaxloebiti), მიახლოებითი (miaxloebiti)
German: grob (de)
Hungarian: hozzávetőleges (hu), nyers (hu)
Italian: approssimato (it)
Portuguese: aproximado (pt)
Russian: приблизи́тельный (ru) (priblizítelʹnyj), приме́рный (ru) (primérnyj), черново́й (ru) (černovój)
Spanish: aproximado (es) m, aproximativo m, casi (es)
Telugu: సుమారు (te) (sumāru)

turbulent

Bulgarian: бурен (bg) (buren), развълнуван (bg) (razvǎlnuvan)
Catalan: turbulent
Czech: bouřlivý m
Finnish: aallokkoinen (fi), kuoppainen (fi)
Galician: barullento m, torboento m
Hungarian: zord (hu), kemény (hu)
Irish: garbh
Italian: mosso (it)
Maori: tuarangaranga, whenewhene, kōrawarawa (of waves), ngarungaru (of waves), pohepohe (of the sea), tuke (of the sea)
Norwegian:

Bokmål: urolig (no)
Portuguese: turbulento (pt)
Russian: бу́рный (ru) (búrnyj)
Spanish: turbulento (es)

difficult

Bulgarian: труден (bg) (truden), неприятен (bg) (neprijaten)
Catalan: difícil (ca)
Czech: nepříjemný (cs) m
Finnish: kova (fi)
French: difficile (fr) m or f
Galician: galludo (gl) m, enfesto (gl) m, carizolo (gl) m, desdoado (gl) m, caroso (gl) m, arrevesado (gl) m
Hungarian: kemény (hu), nehéz (hu)
Italian: difficile (it)
Latin: difficilis (la)
Portuguese: duro (pt), difícil (pt)
Russian: суро́вый (ru) (suróvyj), тру́дный (ru) (trúdnyj), тяжёлый (ru) (tjažólyj)
Spanish: difícil (es)
Telugu: కష్టమైన (te) (kaṣṭamaina)

crude, unrefined

Bulgarian: суров (bg) (surov), необработен (bg) (neobraboten)
Catalan: rude (ca) m or f, tosc (ca) m
Chinese:

Mandarin: 粗魯／粗鲁 (zh) (cūlǔ), 粗野 (zh) (cūyě)
Czech: surový (cs) m, neomalený (cs) m
Finnish: karkea (fi)
French: brut (fr) m
Galician: áspero, rude (gl) m, caxoto (gl) m, tarosco (gl) m, xoto (gl) m, brután (gl) m, burdallo (gl) m, zamarrón (gl) m, taleigán (gl) m
Hungarian: durva (hu), faragatlan (hu), műveletlen (hu), nyers (hu)
Indonesian: kasar (id)
Irish: amhchaoin
Italian: rude (it)
Japanese: 粗野 (ja) (soya)
Latin: rudis, impolītus
Latvian: raupjš, rupjš
Maori: kōkau, pūhungahunga
Portuguese: grosseiro (pt), tosco (pt)
Romanian: brut (ro)
Russian: гру́бый (ru) (grúbyj)
Spanish: tosco (es), rudo (es)

violent

Bulgarian: груб (bg) (grub)
Catalan: complicat (ca), dur (ca)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 粗暴 (zh) (cūbào)
Finnish: kova (fi), karkea (fi), väkivaltainen (fi), kovakourainen (fi)
French: brutal (fr) m
Greek:

Ancient: ἀπηνής (apēnḗs)
Irish: eascaoin
Latvian: raupjš, rupjš
Romanian: brutal (ro)
Spanish: complicado (es), duro (es)

Translations to be checked

Ido: ^{(please verify)} aspera (io)
Irish: ^{(please verify)} aindreanta
Telugu: ^{(please verify)} ఉరామరిక (te) (urāmarika), ^{(please verify)} సుమారు (te) (sumāru), ^{(please verify)} రమారమి (te) (ramārami) (2), ^{(please verify)} కల్లోలం (te) (kallōlaṁ) (3), ^{(please verify)} మోటు (te) (mōṭu) (5), ^{(please verify)} మొరటు (te) (moraṭu) (6)

Noun[edit]

rough (plural roughs)

The unmowed part of a golf course.
A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
- 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 124:
  
  In Wellington Street my brother met a couple of sturdy roughs, who had just rushed out of Fleet Street with still wet newspapers and staring placards. «Dreadful catastrophe!» they bawled one to the other down Wellington Street. «Fighting at Weybridge!»
(cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler’s feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.
(obsolete) Boisterous weather.
- 1633, Phineas Fletcher, Eclog 1. Amyntas:
  
  In calms you fish; in roughs use songs and dances.
A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms[edit]

bit of rough
diamond in the rough
rough-and-tumble

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

rough (third-person singular simple present roughs, present participle roughing, simple past and past participle roughed)

To create in an approximate form.

Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.
(ice hockey) To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.
To render rough; to roughen.
To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.
- 1802, Charles James, A New and Enlarged Military Dictionary:
  
  To Rough Horses, a word in familiar use among the dragoons to signify the act of breaking in horses, so as to adapt them to military purposes.
To endure primitive conditions.

to rough it
- 2013, Anne-Marie K. Kittiphanh, If Life Gave Me LEMONS, I Would Turn It into HONEY, →ISBN:
  
  I was able to help Trudy set up camp and everything else, of course there are different ways to camp the usual comfortable way or roughed we of course roughed it and I did my best to keep warm.
(transitive) To roughen a horse’s shoes to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms[edit]

rough in
rough it
rough out
rough up

Translations[edit]

to create in approximate form

ice hockey: to perform roughing

Adverb[edit]

rough (comparative more rough, superlative most rough)

In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
- 1826, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Woodstock; Or, The Cavalier. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, page 93:
  
  I will warrant they prove such roaring boys as I knew when I served under Lumford and Goring, […] —sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats. Ah! those merry days are gone.

Derived terms[edit]

sleep rough

Yola[edit]

Noun[edit]

rough

Alternative form of rugh

References[edit]

Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 65

Источник

Top Definitions
Synonyms
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Examples
British
Idioms And Phrases

This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.

adjective, rough·er, rough·est.

having a coarse or uneven surface, as from projections, irregularities, or breaks; not smooth: rough, red hands; a rough road.

shaggy or coarse: a dog with a rough coat.

(of an uninhabited region or large land area) steep or uneven and covered with high grass, brush, trees, stones, etc.: to hunt over rough country.

acting with or characterized by violence: Boxing is a rough sport.

characterized by unnecessary violence or infractions of the rules: It was a rough prize fight.

violently disturbed or agitated; turbulent, as water or the air: a rough sea.

having a violently irregular motion; uncomfortably or dangerously uneven: The plane had a rough flight in the storm.

stormy or tempestuous, as wind or weather.

sharp or harsh: a rough temper.

unmannerly or rude: his rough and churlish manner; They exchanged rough words.

disorderly or riotous: a rough mob.

difficult or unpleasant: to have a rough time of it.

harsh to the ear; grating or jarring, as sounds.

harsh to the taste; sharp or astringent: a rough wine.

coarse, as food.

lacking culture or refinement: a rough, countrified manner.

without refinements, luxuries, or ordinary comforts or conveniences: rough camping.

requiring exertion or strength rather than intelligence or skill: rough manual labor.

not elaborated, perfected, or corrected; unpolished, as language, verse, or style: a rough draft.

made or done without any attempt at exactness, completeness, or thoroughness; approximate or tentative: a rough guess.

crude, unwrought, nonprocessed, or unprepared: rough rice.

Phonetics. uttered with aspiration; having the sound of h; aspirated.

noun

something that is rough, especially rough ground.

Golf. any part of the course bordering the fairway on which the grass, weeds, etc., are not trimmed.

the unpleasant or difficult part of anything.

anything in its crude or preliminary form, as a drawing.

Chiefly British. a rowdy; ruffian.

adverb

in a rough manner; roughly.

verb (used with object), roughed, rough·ing.

to give a beating to, manhandle, or subject to physical violence (often followed by up): The mob roughed up the speaker.

to subject to some rough, preliminary process of working or preparation (often followed by down, off, or out): to rough off boards.

to sketch roughly or in outline (often followed by in or out): to rough out a diagram; to rough in the conversation of a novel.

Sports. to subject (a player on the opposing team) to unnecessary physical abuse, as in blocking or tackling: The team was penalized 15 yards for roughing the kicker.

verb (used without object), roughed, rough·ing.

to become rough, as a surface.

to behave roughly.

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Idioms about rough

in the rough, in a rough, crude, or unfinished state: The country has an exciting potential, but civilization there is still in the rough.

rough it, to live without the customary comforts or conveniences; endure rugged conditions: We really roughed it on our fishing trip.

Origin of rough

before 1000; Middle English (adj. and noun); Old English rūh (adj.); cognate with Dutch ruig,German rauh

OTHER WORDS FROM rough

roughly, adverbroughness, nouno·ver·rough, adjectiveo·ver·rough·ly, adverb

o·ver·rough·ness, noun

WORDS THAT MAY BE CONFUSED WITH rough

rough , ruff

Words nearby rough

rouge, Rouge Croix, Rouge Dragon, rouge et noir, Rouget de Lisle, rough, roughage, rough-and-ready, rough-and-tumble, roughback, rough bluegrass

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023

Words related to rough

bumpy, choppy, coarse, fuzzy, harsh, rocky, rugged, dry, turbulent, cruel, hard, nasty, raw, tough, unpleasant, unpolished, violent, sketchy, foggy, hazy

How to use rough in a sentence

It started out rough, with several calls being dropped before everyone realized that even phone directions for public comment needed to be translated before people start providing public comments.
It’s been a rough road so far, but if there is one brightening light at the end of the tunnel, it’s that vaccinations are continuing to push forward.
While the fidelity and speed of the system are still a long way from those achieved by state-of-the-art devices, a lot of this is down to the rough and ready experimental setup the researchers used and should be possible to improve on.
Planes couldn’t fly that morning because of weather, and the water was rough.

McIlroy did not call an official after checking on his ball in the rough Saturday at the 18th hole.
Terrorism is bad news anywhere, but especially rough on Odessa, where the city motto seems to be “make love, not war.”
Gurley was gunned down on Nov. 20, when a pair of cops was patrolling the rough housing project.
Originally conceived by author Clarence E. Mulford in 1904, Hopalong was crude, rough-talking, and dangerous.
CEO Michael Lynton showed a rough cut of the movie to U.S. officials before moving ahead.
Hitchcock loved to tell stories, elaborate, complicated rough drafts for movies he would never make.
The camp grew still, except for the rough and ready cook pottering about the fire, boiling buffalo-meat and mixing biscuit-dough.
It was only a hut of rough boards, carelessly knocked together for a shepherd’s temporary home.
He reached up for her big, rough straw hat that hung on a peg outside the door, and put it on her head.
England proclaimed a rough indignation at the demand for Gibraltar, which Austria had made in behalf of Spain.
The advance had to be carefully made, for the country was rough, wooded, and covered with a dense undergrowth of bushes.

British Dictionary definitions for rough

adjective

(of a surface) not smooth; uneven or irregular

(of ground) covered with scrub, boulders, etc

denoting or taking place on uncultivated groundrough grazing; rough shooting

shaggy or hairy

turbulent; agitateda rough sea

(of the performance or motion of something) uneven; irregulara rough engine

(of behaviour or character) rude, coarse, ill mannered, inconsiderate, or violent

harsh or sharprough words

informal severe or unpleasanta rough lesson

(of work, a task, etc) requiring physical rather than mental effort

informal ill or physically upsethe felt rough after an evening of heavy drinking

unfair or unjustrough luck

harsh or grating to the ear

harsh to the taste

without refinement, luxury, etc

not polished or perfected in any detail; rudimentary; not elaboraterough workmanship; rough justice

not prepared or dressedrough gemstones

(of a guess, estimate, etc) approximate

Australian informal (of a chance) not good

having the sound of h; aspirated

rough on informal, mainly British

severe towards
unfortunate for (a person)

the rough side of one’s tongue harsh words; a reprimand, rebuke, or verbal attack

noun

rough ground

a sketch or preliminary piece of artwork

an unfinished or crude state (esp in the phrase in the rough)

the rough golf the part of the course bordering the fairways where the grass is untrimmed

tennis squash badminton the side of a racket on which the binding strings form an uneven line

informal a rough or violent person; thug

the unpleasant side of something (esp in the phrase take the rough with the smooth)

adverb

in a rough manner; roughly

sleep rough to spend the night in the open; be without a home or without shelter

verb

(tr) to make rough; roughen

(tr ; foll by out, in, etc) to prepare (a sketch, report, piece of work, etc) in preliminary form

rough it informal to live without the usual comforts or conveniences of life

Derived forms of rough

roughness, noun

Word Origin for rough

Old English rūh; related to Old Norse ruksa, Middle Dutch rūge, rūwe, German rauh

Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Other Idioms and Phrases with rough

In addition to the idioms beginning with rough

rough and ready
rough and tumble
rough it
rough on, be
rough out
rough up

also see:

diamond in the rough
ride roughshod over
take the rough with the smooth
when the going gets rough

The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

Источник

Of course my rough drafts aren’t going to be as good as something I pick up off the shelf, that’s why they’re called _rough_. ❋ Unknown (2008)

She did not care for what she called my rough ways. ❋ Kate Emerson (2010)

Chambers served 15 years in prison for the 1986 killing of Jennifer Levin, a death he claims happened accidentally during what he called rough sex. ❋ Unknown (2007)

The prosecutor described in her opening statement that Joseph Smith had what she called rough sex with this little girl. ❋ Unknown (2005)

» The problem with Bermuda rough is the ball sinks in it, » said Jones. ❋ Unknown (1999)

After that’s done, it goes into what they call the rough-end of a machine room. ❋ Unknown (1994)

An officer would be passed through immediately, which did not please two enlisted men near me, just back from what they called rough work at the front. ❋ Unknown (1912)

He also wants to shine a spotlight on what he calls the rough treatment Manning received when he was locked up in a brig in Quantico, Va. ❋ Unknown (2011)

The president of the railroad’s management company, Elmer Salazar, says it’s encouraging that the business community is stepping up to help the train past what he called a rough spot. ❋ Unknown (2010)

But he also made no effort to dispute what he referred to as the rough calculation where ❋ Unknown (2010)

Throughout the pages of «Mount Pleasant,» released Thursday, Poizner sprinkles details about his guest stint at what he characterizes as a rough urban school starting in late 2002, two years after he sold his high-tech company for $1 billion. ❋ Unknown (2010)

Assuming that all of your video has been successfully digitized, and is resting comfortably in your hard drives and all of your software is functioning properly, the first thing that has to be done, is that you watch all of the material and do what they call a rough cut. ❋ Admin (2010)

During a news conference regarding the investigation’s findings, Dann admitted to having a romantic relationship with a member of his staff during what he called a rough time in his marriage. ❋ Unknown (2009)

The company — which is working on a similar park development near Asheville — offered what it described as a rough outline of how a deal could be structured in Matthews. ❋ Unknown (2009)

She [LOVES] [rough sex]. ❋ S (2004)

[Your mother] [likes] it rough. ❋ Whatsername99 (2008)

that [boy] is rough ❋ Cathie (2003)

— Woah did you just see that car that was rough— Did you see that girls hair mike, shes proper rough her.
— ([Referee] calls [offside]) «That was never offside, thats such a rough decision»
— (comes in crying) huh whats the matter Amy «He tried to get rough with me so I slapped him and [ran out]» ❋ Emzzy (2005)

Person 1: [What do you think] of her?
[Person 2]: She’s rough [as fuck]! ❋ Switch (2005)

[Simon] always [liked] [to pick] up a bit of rough after the party ❋ Attilla The Hump (2003)

Person 1: [Coach] put him [on the bench] for the rest of the season.
Person 2: [That’s rough]. ❋ Cheesie (2004)

«[Dude] [that shit] is rough [dank]» ❋ Tealeigh (2006)

[your mother] [likes] it rough ❋ Drefanzor (2008)

«[That film] was rough!!» ❋ LR (2005)

Источник

1
rough

rough [rʌf]

1) неро́вный, шерша́вый; уха́бистый ( о дороге);

2) косма́тый, лохма́тый

3) гру́бый, жёсткий ( о ткани)

4) гру́бый;

5) гру́бый, неотёсанный, грубова́тый; неве́жливый, неделика́тный;

а) гру́бый челове́к;

б) тру́дный субъе́кт;

6) те́рпкий

7) ре́зкий, неприя́тный ( о звуке)

бу́рный ( о море); ре́зкий ( о ветре); суро́вый (о климате, погоде);

11) тру́дный, го́рький, неприя́тный;

12) суро́вый, лишённый комфо́рта ( о жизни)

13) неотде́ланный, необрабо́танный, черново́й;

14) приблизи́тельный;

а) дава́ть нагоня́й;

б) (по)ста́вить в тяжёлое положе́ние

1) (the rough) неприя́тная сторона́ (чего-л.); тру́дный пери́од;

3) буя́н, грубия́н; хулига́н, головоре́з

5) (the rough) незако́нченность, неотде́ланность;

а) в незако́нченном ви́де;

б) приблизи́тельно

6) черново́й набро́сок

3.

adv

гру́бо

и пр.

[

см.

1];

1) еро́шить, лохма́тить

2) де́лать гру́бым, шерохова́тым

4) отде́лывать вчерне́

5) подкова́ть на шипы́

rough in набра́сывать, отде́лывать вчерне́;

◊

to rough it мири́ться с лише́ниями, обходи́ться без (обы́чных) удо́бств

Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > rough
2
rough

rough air

воздух в турбулентном состоянии

rough air mechanism

механизм для создания условий полета в нестабильной атмосфере

rough airspeed

скорость в условиях турбулентности

rough engine

разрегулированный двигатель

rough engine operations

перебои в работе двигателя

rough journey

сложный перелет

rough landing

грубая посадка

rough manoeuvre

грубый маневр

rough running

неустойчивый пробег

English-Russian aviation dictionary > rough
3
rough up

rough up а) лохматить, всклокочивать (о волосах и т. п.) The wind willrough up my hair. б) amer. coll. избивать (кого-л.) Rough him up a little.

Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > rough up
4
rough

English-Russian dictionary of biology and biotechnology > rough
5
rough in

rough in набрасывать, отделывать вчерне I’ve roughed in the general shapeof the pattern in pencil.

Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > rough in
6
rough in

rough in/out
накидать, набросать вчерне

He roughed out several plans for a merger.

They roughed in where the doors would go without checking with the architect.

Англо-русский словарь идиом и фразовых глаголов > rough in
7
rough

Персональный Сократ > rough
8
rough it

Персональный Сократ > rough it
9
rough

[rʌf]

rough трудный, горький, неприятный; it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него; to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение in the rough в незаконченном виде in the rough грубо in the rough ориентировочно in the rough приближенно in the rough приблизительно rough трудный, горький, неприятный; it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него; to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение rough грубо; to live rough жить без удобств; to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.) rough грубо; to live rough жить без удобств; to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.) rough бурный (о море); резкий (о ветре); суровый (о климате, погоде); rough passage переезд по бурному морю rough буян, грубиян; хулиган, головорез rough грубый, неотесанный, грубоватый; невежливый, неделикатный rough грубый, необработанный rough грубый; rough food грубая пища rough грубый rough делать грубым, шероховатым rough допускать грубость (особ. в футболе; тж. rough up); rough in набрасывать, отделывать вчерне rough косматый rough незаконченность, неотделанность rough необработанный rough неотделанный, необработанный, черновой; приблизительный; rough copy черновик; rough draft эскиз rough неотделанный rough неприятная сторона (чего-л.); to take the rough with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы; спокойно встречать невзгоды rough спорт. неровное поле (в гольфе) rough неровность (местности) rough неровный, шершавый; ухабистый (о дороге); rough country пересеченная местность; rough edge зазубренный край rough неровный rough объезжать (лошадь) rough отделывать вчерне rough подковать на шипы rough приблизительный rough резкий, неприятный (о звуке) rough суровый, лишенный комфорта (о жизни) rough суровый rough терпкий rough трудный, горький, неприятный; it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него; to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение rough тяжелый rough тяжелый; rough labour тяжелый физический труд rough черновой rough черновой набросок rough шероховатый rough шип (в подкове) rough неровный, шершавый; ухабистый (о дороге); rough country пересеченная местность; rough edge зазубренный край a rough customer грубый человек a rough customer трудный субъект; rough usage грубое обращение rough неровный, шершавый; ухабистый (о дороге); rough country пересеченная местность; rough edge зазубренный край rough грубый; rough food грубая пища rough допускать грубость (особ. в футболе; тж. rough up); rough in набрасывать, отделывать вчерне to rough it мириться с лишениями, обходиться без (обычных) удобств rough тяжелый; rough labour тяжелый физический труд rough out делать вчерне rough out набрасывать вчерне rough out чертить начерно; rough up амер. разг. избивать (кого-л.) rough out чертить начерно; rough up амер. разг. избивать (кого-л.) a rough customer трудный субъект; rough usage грубое обращение to take over a rough road амер. давать нагоняй to take over a rough road амер. (по)ставить в тяжелое положение rough неприятная сторона (чего-л.); to take the rough with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы; спокойно встречать невзгоды rough грубо; to live rough жить без удобств; to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.)

English-Russian short dictionary > rough
10
rough

1. [rʌf]

1. 1) неровная местность

2) «бурьян», неровная часть поля ()

2. 1) нечто грубое на вид

2) нечто шероховатое, неровное

3. трудный, тяжёлый период в жизни

the rough(s) and the smooth(s) — превратности судьбы, неудачи и удачи

to take the rough with the smooth — стойко переносить превратности судьбы; мужественно встречать невзгоды

4. неотделанность, незаконченность

in the rough — а) в незаконченном /в неотделанном, в сыром/ виде; a diamond in the rough — неотшлифованный /неогранённый/ алмаз; his plans are in the rough — его планы разработаны вчерне; б) в беспорядке; в неопрятном виде; в) приблизительно; in the rough it will cost… — это будет стоить приблизительно…

5. необрушенный рис, падди

6. хулиган, буян

2. [rʌf]

1. 1) неровный, шероховатый; шершавый

rough road — неровная /ухабистая/ дорога

2) труднопроходимый ()

rough ground /terrain/ — пересечённая местность

2. грубый

rough hands — мозолистые /жёсткие/ руки

cloth that is rough to the touch — сукно, грубое на ощупь

rough grazing /pasture/ — пастбище с грубыми травами

3. 1) неотделанный; необработанный, неочищенный

rough rice — необрушенный рис, падди

rough logs — кругляк; неошкуренный, необработанный лесоматериал

rough store — склад сырых материалов /полуфабрикатов/

2) неотшлифованный

rough diamond — а) неотшлифованный алмаз; б) неотёсанный мужлан с золотым сердцем

rough wall — неоштукатуренная стена; бутовая стена

4. лохматый, косматый

rough hair — нечёсаные /всклокоченные/ волосы

a face rough with a two day’s beard — физиономия, не бритая уже два дня

5. черновой

rough draft — эскиз, набросок

6. приблизительный

a rough idea of smth. — примерное представление о чём-л.

a rough guess — приблизительный подсчёт /-ая оценка/

7. 1) грубый; неотёсанный, грубоватый; невежливый

rough manners — грубые манеры, неотёсанность

rough customer — грубый человек, грубиян

2) жёсткий, резкий

to be rough on smb. — отнестись к кому-л. без всякого снисхождения

you are rough on him in saying so — говоря так, вы его обижаете

9. шумливый, драчливый; буйный; хулиганствующий

rough children — распущенные дети, драчуны

to cut up rough — скандалить, безобразничать; хулиганить

keep away from the rough quarter of the town — обходите стороной этот бандитский район

10. 1) бурный, бушующий ()

2) резкий, порывистый ()

11. режущий слух, неприятный

rough voice [laugh] — резкий голос [смех]

13. сильный, резкий; грубый

rough blow [push] — сильный удар [толчок]

rough justice — короткая расправа; произвол; самосуд

14. тяжёлый, неквалифицированный, чёрный

15.

трудный, горький, тяжёлый

rough luck — горькая доля, неудача

to have a rough time — а) терпеть лишения; б) терпеть плохое обращение

to give smb. a rough time — плохо обращаться с кем-л.

the suitcase has had some rough handling — ≅ этот чемодан видал виды

16. суровый, лишённый комфорта ()

to lead a rough life away from civilization — вести суровый образ жизни вдали от цивилизации

we got rough accomodation at a small country inn — мы устроились в деревенской гостинице без особых удобств

17.

произносимый с придыханием ()

the rougher sex — сильный пол, мужчины

rough stuff — а) физическое насилие; б) грубое обращение, насилие; в) запрещённый приём; г) похабщина

to give smb. a lick with the rough side of one’s tongue — намылить кому-л. голову /шею/, дать нагоняй кому-л.

3. [rʌf]

to treat smb. rough — плохо /грубо/ обращаться с кем-л.

to lie /to sleep/ rough — спать ночью в одежде ( на открытом воздухе)

4. [rʌf]

1. 1) делать шероховатым, грубым

2) становиться шероховатым; грубеть

2. 1) допускать грубость ()

2) допускать грубость по отношению к противнику ()

he was sent off the field by the referee for roughing — он был удалён с поля за грубость

3. ерошить, лохматить, всклокочивать ()

4. 1) волновать; рябить

2) волноваться, бурлить, бушевать ()

5. подковывать на шипы

to rough it — обходиться без обычных удобств; терпеть лишения и неудобства

НБАРС > rough
11
rough

1. n неровная местность

2. n «бурьян», неровная часть поля

3. n нечто грубое на вид

4. n нечто шероховатое, неровное

5. n трудный, тяжёлый период в жизни

6. n неотделанность, незаконченность

7. n необрушенный рис, падди

8. n хулиган, буян

9. n шип

10. a неровный, шероховатый; шершавый

11. a труднопроходимый

12. a неотделанный; необработанный, неочищенный

faced rough — отделал начерно; отделанный начерно

13. a неотшлифованный

14. a нестроганый

15. a чёрный

16. a неоштукатуренный

rough wall — неоштукатуренная стена; бутовая стена

17. a крупнозернистый

18. a лохматый, косматый

19. a черновой

20. a приблизительный

21. a грубый; неотёсанный, грубоватый; невежливый

rough work — черновая работа; грубая работа

22. a жёсткий, резкий

23. a сл. непристойный

24. a шумливый, драчливый; буйный; хулиганствующий

25. a бурный, бушующий

26. a резкий, порывистый

27. a режущий слух, неприятный

28. a терпкий

29. a сильный, резкий; грубый

30. a тяжёлый, неквалифицированный, чёрный

31. a разг. трудный, горький, тяжёлый

32. a суровый, лишённый комфорта

33. a фон. произносимый с придыханием

34. v делать шероховатым, грубым

rough in — набрасывать вчерне; делать вчерне

35. v становиться шероховатым; грубеть

36. v допускать грубость

37. v допускать грубость по отношению к противнику

38. v ерошить, лохматить, всклокочивать

39. v волновать; рябить

40. v волноваться, бурлить, бушевать

41. v подковывать на шипы

42. v преим. австрал. объезжать

Синонимический ряд:

1. approximate (adj.) approximate; inexact; vague

2. bluff (adj.) abrupt; bluff; blunt; breviloquent; brief; brusque; crusty; curt; gruff; short; short-spoken; snippety; snippy

3. boisterous (adj.) boisterous; disorderly; raucous; riotous; violent

4. bristly (adj.) bristly; hairy; hirsute; shaggy

5. coarse (adj.) coarse; grainy; granular; gritty

6. hard (adj.) arduous; backbreaking; bad; burdensome; demanding; difficile; difficult; effortful; exacting; formidable; hard; heavy; knotty; labored; laborious; onerous; operose; oppressive; rigorous; serious; severe; slavish; sticky; strenuous; taxing; terrible; tight; toilful; toilsome; tough; tricksy; trying; uphill; weighty

7. harsh (adj.) discordant; dry; grating; harsh; hoarse; jarring; rasping; raspy; rusty; squawky; strident; stridulent; stridulous

8. indecorous (adj.) improper; indecent; indecorous; malodorous; ridiculous; unbecoming; undecorous; ungodly; unseemly; untoward

9. irregular (adj.) asperous; bitter; brutal; bumpy; cragged; craggy; ironbound; irregular; jagged; ragged; rugged; scabrous; scraggy; severe; stony; uneven; unlevel; unsmooth

10. raw (adj.) barbarian; barbaric; boorish; churlish; coarse; crass; crude; earthy; gross; incult; inelegant; low; Philistine; primitive; raw; tasteless; uncivilised; uncouth; uncultivated; vulgar

11. rude (adj.) angular; lumpy; proximate; roughhewn; rude; undressed; unfashioned; unformed; unhewn; unworked

12. stormy (adj.) agitated; blustering; blustery; dirty; disturbed; furious; inclement; raging; stormful; stormy; tempestuous; tumultuous; turbid; turbulent; unwrought; wild

13. tight (adj.) sticky; tight; tricky

14. tough (adj.) rough-and-tumble; strenuous; tough

15. uncivil (adj.) impolite; indelicate; uncivil; uncultured; unrefined

16. unfinished (adj.) imperfect; incomplete; plain; preliminary; sketchy; tentative; uncorrected; unfinished; unperfected; unpolished; unprepared; unset

18. tough (noun) brawler; bullyboy; mucker; mug; plug-ugly; punk; rascal; roughneck; rowdy; ruffian; thug; tough; toughie; yahoo

Антонимический ряд:

calm; complete; even; exact; fair; finished; hairless; harmonious; level; orderly; polished; precise; refined; regular; smooth

English-Russian base dictionary > rough
12
rough

rʌf
1. прил.
1) а) грубый Syn: coarse б) жесткий (напр., о шерсти)
2) неровный;
ухабистый( о дороге) a rough terrain ≈ ухабистая местность, дорога с неровным рельефом Syn: bumpy, jagged, rugged, serrated, uneven Ant: even, fine, smooth, straight
3) дикий, необитаемый wild woods ≈ дикие леса Syn: wild
1.
4) а) бурный (о море) ;
резкий( о ветре) б) суровый( о климате, погоде) Syn: turbulent, tempestuous в) лишенный комфорта, суровый (об условиях жизни)
5) а) резкий, неприятный( о звуке) б) грубый, неделикатный( о речи, манерах) rough customer rough usage
6) терпкий( о вкусе, запахе)
7) а) неотделанный, необработанный б) черновой, в виде наброска;
приблизительный rough copy ≈ черновик rough draft ≈ эскиз rough estimate ≈ приблизительная оценка rough and ready ≈ see rough-and-ready Syn: crude
2., unfinished
горький, неприятный, трудный ∙ take over a rough road
2. сущ.
1) а) неровность (местности) б) спорт неровное поле( в гольфе)
2) а) незаконченность, неотделанность, незавершенность in the rough б) черновой набросок, примерный вариант
3) неприятная сторона( чего-л.)
4) буян, грубиян;
головорез, хулиган;
сакндалист Syn: rowdy
5) шип( в подкове)
3. нареч. грубо и пр. [см. rough
1. ]
4. гл.
1) делать грубым, шероховатым Syn: roughen
2) подковывать лошадь на шипы
3) а) отделывать вчерне( о здании) rough out the structure of a building ≈ проектировать вид здания б) сметывать, сшивать ‘наживую’ (платье)
4) объезжать( лошадь)
5) а) избивать, жестоко обращаться б) допускать грубость( особ. в футболе) (тж. rough up) ∙ Syn: manhandle, beat
3. ∙ rough in rough out rough up to rough smb. up the wrong way ≈ гладить кого-л. против шерсти
неровная местность «бурьян», неровная часть поля( гольф) нечто грубое на вид нечто шероховатое, неровное трудный, тяжелый период в жизни — the *(s) and the smooth(s) превратности судьбы, неудачи и удачи — to take the * with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы;
мужественно встречать невзгоды неотделанность;
незаконченность — in the * в незаконченном /в неотделанном, в сыром/ виде — a diamond in the * неотшлифованный /неограненный/ алмаз — his plans are in the * его планы разработаны вчерне;
в беспорядке;
в неопрятном виде;
приблизительно — in the * it will cost… это будет стоить приблизительно… необрушенный рис, падди хулиган, буян — a gang of *s шайка хулиганов шип (подковы) неровный, шероховатый;
шершавый — * road неровная /ухабистая/ дорога — * paper шероховатая бумага — * skin шершавая кожа — * edges неровные обрезы (книги) труднопроходимый (о местности и т. п.) — * ground /terrain/ пересеченная местность грубый — * food грубая пища — * hands мозолистые /жесткие/ руки — cloth that is * to the touch сукно, грубое на ощупь — * grazing /pasture/ (сельскохозяйственное) пастбище с грубыми травами — * fibre( сельскохозяйственное) мешочное /тарное/ волокно неотделанный;
необработанный, неочищенный — * rise необрушенный рис, падди — * coal рядовой уголь — * leather невыделанная кожа — * logs (лесохозяйственное) кругляк;
неошкуренный, необработанный лесоматериал — * store склад сырых материалов /полуфабрикатов/ неотшлифованный — * diamond неотшлифованный алмаз;
неотесанный мужлан с золотым сердцем;
нестроганый (о доске) черный( о болте) неоштукатуренный( о кладке) — * wall (строительство) неоштукатуренная стена;
бутовая стена крупнозернистый( о материале) лохматый, косматый — * hair нечесаные /всклокоченные/ волосы — * sheep нестриженая овца — a face * with a two day’s beard физиономия, не бритая уже два дня — a dog with a * coat собака с лохматой шерстью черновой — * draft эскиз, набросок — * copy черновик — * translation черновой перевод — * map кроки местности приблизительный — * estimate приблизительная смета — * weight приблизительный вес — a * idea of smth. примерное представление о чем-л. — a * guess приблизительный подсчет /-ая оценка/ — * laying( военное) грубая наводка — * decontamination( военное) частичная дезактивация грубый;
неотесанный, грубоватый;
невежливый — * answer грубый ответ — * manners грубые манеры, неотесанность — * customer грубый человек, грубиян — he has a * tongue он не выбирает выражений жесткий, резкий — a * temper жесткий характер — to be * on smb. отнестись к кому-л. без всякого снисхождения — you are * on him in saying so говоря так, вы его обижаете (сленг) непристойный — * gesture похабный жест — * anecdote неприличный анекдот шумливый, драчливый;
буйный;
хулиганствующий — * children распущенные дети, драчуны — to cut up * скандалить, безобразничать;
хулиганить — keep away from the * quarter of the town обходите стороной этот бандитский район бурный, бушующий( о море) — * sea бурное море — we had a * crossing to Dover до Дувра нас сильно качало резкий, порывистый( о ветре) суровый (о климате) режущий слух, неприятный — * voice резкий голос терпкий (о вине) сильный, резкий;
грубый — * blow сильный удар — * justice короткая расправа;
произвол;
самосуд тяжелый, неквалифицированный, черный — * labour тяжелый физический труд( разговорное) трудный, горький, тяжелый — * luck горькая доля, неудача — it is * luck on him он не заслужил такой горькой участи — to have a * time терпеть лишения;
терпеть плохое обращение — to give smb. a * time плохо обращаться с кем-л. — the suitcase has had some * handling этот чемодан видал виды суровый, лишенный комфорта (о жизни) — to lead a * life away from civilization вести суровый образ жизни вдали от цивилизации — we got * accomodation at a small country inn мы устроились в деревенской гостинице без особых удобств (фонетика) произносимый с придыханием (о звуке) > the *er sex сильный пол, мужчины > * stuff (американизм) физическое насилие;
грубое обращение, насилие;
(спортивное) запрещенный прием;
похабщина > to take over a * road (американизм) задавать нагоняй;
ставить в тяжелое положение > to give smb. a lick with the * side of one’s tongue намылить кому-л. голову /шею/, дать нагоняй кому-л. грубо и пр. — to live * жить без удобств — to treat smb. * плохо /грубо/ обращаться с кем-л. > to lie /to sleep/ * спать ночью в одежде (особ. на открытом воздухе) делать шероховатым, грубым становиться шероховатым;
грубеть допускать грубость (в разговоре и в обращении) допускать грубость по отношению к противнику (футбол) — he was sent off the field by the referee for *ing он был удален с поля за грубость ерошить, лохматить, всклокочивать( волосы и т. п.) волновать;
рябить — a stiff breeze is *ing up the sea сильный ветер волнует море волноваться, бурлить, бушевать( о море) подковывать на шипы преим. (австралийское) объезжать (лошадь) > to * it обходиться без обычных удобств;
терпеть лишения и неудобства
~ трудный, горький, неприятный;
it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него;
to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение
in the ~ в незаконченном виде in the ~ грубо in the ~ ориентировочно in the ~ приближенно in the ~ приблизительно
~ трудный, горький, неприятный;
it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него;
to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение
rough грубо;
to live rough жить без удобств;
to treat rough сурово обходиться( с кем-л.)
rough грубо;
to live rough жить без удобств;
to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.) ~ бурный (о море) ;
резкий (о ветре) ;
суровый (о климате, погоде) ;
rough passage переезд по бурному морю ~ буян, грубиян;
хулиган, головорез ~ грубый, неотесанный, грубоватый;
невежливый, неделикатный ~ грубый, необработанный ~ грубый;
rough food грубая пища ~ грубый ~ делать грубым, шероховатым ~ допускать грубость (особ. в футболе;
тж. rough up) ;
rough in набрасывать, отделывать вчерне ~ косматый ~ незаконченность, неотделанность ~ необработанный ~ неотделанный, необработанный, черновой;
приблизительный;
rough copy черновик;
rough draft эскиз ~ неотделанный ~ неприятная сторона (чего-л.) ;
to take the rough with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы;
спокойно встречать невзгоды ~ спорт. неровное поле (в гольфе) ~ неровность (местности) ~ неровный, шершавый;
ухабистый (о дороге) ;
rough country пересеченная местность;
rough edge зазубренный край ~ неровный ~ объезжать (лошадь) ~ отделывать вчерне ~ подковать на шипы ~ приблизительный ~ резкий, неприятный (о звуке) ~ суровый, лишенный комфорта (о жизни) ~ суровый ~ терпкий ~ трудный, горький, неприятный;
it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него;
to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение ~ тяжелый ~ тяжелый;
rough labour тяжелый физический труд ~ черновой ~ черновой набросок ~ шероховатый ~ шип (в подкове)
~ неровный, шершавый;
ухабистый (о дороге) ;
rough country пересеченная местность;
rough edge зазубренный край
a ~ customer грубый человек a ~ customer трудный субъект;
rough usage грубое обращение
~ неровный, шершавый;
ухабистый (о дороге) ;
rough country пересеченная местность;
rough edge зазубренный край
~ грубый;
rough food грубая пища
~ допускать грубость (особ. в футболе;
тж. rough up) ;
rough in набрасывать, отделывать вчерне
to ~ it мириться с лишениями, обходиться без (обычных) удобств
~ тяжелый;
rough labour тяжелый физический труд
~ out делать вчерне ~ out набрасывать вчерне ~ out чертить начерно;
rough up амер. разг. избивать (кого-л.)
~ out чертить начерно;
rough up амер. разг. избивать (кого-л.)
a ~ customer трудный субъект;
rough usage грубое обращение
to take over a ~ road амер. давать нагоняй to take over a ~ road амер. (по) ставить в тяжелое положение
~ неприятная сторона (чего-л.) ;
to take the rough with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы;
спокойно встречать невзгоды
rough грубо;
to live rough жить без удобств;
to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.)

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > rough
13
rough

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > rough
14
rough

грубо
имя прилагательное:

наречие:

имя существительное:

глагол:

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > rough
15
rough

Англо-русский технический словарь > rough
16
rough

[rʌf]
1.

прил.

1)

Syn:

б) жёсткий

Syn:

2) неровный; ухабистый

rough terrain — ухабистая местность, дорога с неровным рельефом

Syn:

Ant:

3) дикий, необитаемый

Syn:

4)

б) суровый

Syn:

в) лишённый комфорта, суровый

5)

а) резкий, неприятный

в) грубый, неделикатный

— rough usage

Syn:

6)

а) неотделанный, необработанный

Syn:

б) черновой, в виде наброска

7) примерный, приблизительный

to get a rough idea of smth. — получить примерное представление о чём-л.

Syn:

горький, неприятный; трудный, сложный

He is rough to deal with. — С ним очень трудно иметь дело.

Syn:

••

2.

сущ.

1)

2)

а) незаконченность, неотделанность, незавершённость

б) черновик, черновой набросок

Syn:

4) буян, грубиян; головорез, хулиган; скандалист

There’ll be lots of new policemen to control the rogues and roughs. (Barham) — Будет большой набор в ряды полицейских, чтобы следить за мошенниками и хулиганами.

Syn:

3.

нареч.

4.

гл.

1) делать грубым, шероховатым

Syn:

Syn:

3)

б) намечать план, контур, черты

I’ve roughed in the general shape of the pattern in pencil. — Я набросал схему в общих чертах карандашом.

в) смётывать, сшивать на живую нитку

4)

Syn:

5)

а) избивать, жестоко обращаться

Rough him up a little. — Надо ему задать лёгкую взбучку.

Syn:

6) оскорблять, осквернять слух

He lost no chance of roughing him in his replies. (Th. Hughes) — Он не упускал возможности оскорбить его своими ответами.

Syn:

•

••

to rough it — мириться с лишениями, обходиться без (обычных) удобств

to rough smb. up the wrong way — гладить кого-л. против шерсти

Англо-русский современный словарь > rough
17
rough

1) грубый; rough food грубая пища

2) неровный, шершавый; ухабистый (о дороге); rough country пересеченная местность; rough edge зазубренный край

3) косматый

4) бурный (о море); резкий (о ветре); суровый (о климате, погоде); rough passage переезд по бурному морю

5) резкий, неприятный (о звуке)

6) грубый, неотесанный, грубоватый; невежливый, неделикатный; а

rough customer

а) грубый человек;

б) трудный субъект; rough usage грубое обращение

7) терпкий

неотделанный, необработанный, черновой; приблизительный; rough copy черновик; rough draft эскиз; rough estimate приблизительная оценка; rough and ready см. rough-and-ready

9) тяжелый;rough labour тяжелый физический труд

10) трудный, горький, неприятный; it is rough on him это незаслуженно тяжелая участь для него; to have a rough time терпеть лишения или плохое обращение

11) суровый, лишенный комфорта (о жизни)

to take over a rough road

amer.

а) давать нагоняй;

б) (по)ставить в тяжелое положение

Syn:

bumpy, crenellated, crooked, jagged, rugged, serrated, uneven

Ant:

even, fine, smooth, straight

1) неровность (местности)

2) незаконченность, неотделанность;

in the rough

а) в незаконченном виде;

б) приблизительно

3) черновой набросок

4) неприятная сторона (чего-л.); to take the rough with the smooth стойко переносить превратности судьбы; спокойно встречать невзгоды

5) буян, грубиян; хулиган, головорез

6) sport неровное поле (в гольфе)

7) шип (в подкове)

грубо и пр.; to live rough жить без удобств; to treat rough сурово обходиться (с кем-л.)

1) делать грубым, шероховатым

2) to rough it мириться с лишениями, обходиться без (обычных) удобств

3) отделывать вчерне

4) подковать на шипы

5) объезжать (лошадь)

6) допускать грубость (особ. в футболе;

тж.

rough up)

rough in

rough out

rough up

* * *

* * *

* * *

[ rʌf]
неровное поле, неровность; трудный период; неприятная сторона, неотделанность, незаконченность; хулиган, буян, грубиян, головорез; шип подковы
делать грубым, мириться с лишениями, терпеть лишения; лохматить, подковать на шипы, объезжать
неровный, шероховатый; неприятный; неотделанный, необработанный; косматый, лохматый; черновой, приблизительный; жесткий; резкий; тяжелый, трудный; лишенный комфорта
грубо

* * *

брутальный

груб

грубый

крупнозернистый

невежлив

невежливый

невозделанный

незаконченный

необработанный

неоконченный

неприятен

неприятный

неравен

неравный

неровен

неровный

неучтив

приблизительный

резкий

суров

суровый

терпкий

черный

шершавый

шип

* * *

1. прил.
1) а) грубый
б) жесткий (напр., о шерсти)
2) неровный; ухабистый (о дороге)
3) дикий
4) а) бурный (о море); резкий (о ветре)
б) суровый (о климате, погоде)
в) лишенный комфорта, суровый (об условиях жизни)
2. сущ.
1) а) неровность (местности)
б) спорт неровное поле (в гольфе)
2) а) незаконченность
б) черновик, черновой набросок, примерный вариант
3) неприятная сторона (чего-л.)
4) буян, грубиян
3. нареч.
грубо
4. гл.
1) делать грубым
2) подковывать лошадь на шипы
3) а) отделывать вчерне (о здании); намечать план, контур, черты (чего-л.)
б) сметывать, сшивать на живую нитку (платье)
4) а) объезжать (лошадь)
б) содержать животных под открытым небом на скудном пайке

Новый англо-русский словарь > rough
18
rough

[rʌf]

adj

1) грубый, жёсткий, шероховатый

Her hands were rough with constant washing. — От постоянной стирки руки у нее стали шершавыми.

— rough towel
— rough food
— rough paper
— rough skin
— rough road

2) черновой, неотделанный

— rough copy

— rough translation

Don’t be so rough with her. — Не будь с ней таким грубым.

— rough voice

— rough joke
— rough answer
— rough treatment

— rough weather

5) примерный, приблизительный

It will give you a rough idea. — Это даст вам примерное представление.

It is a rough plan. — Это примерный/приблизительный план

— rough idea

— rough plan

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > rough
19
rough

1. неровность; неровный; шероховатый; грубый

2. набросок, эскиз

3. первая корректура

4. макет компоновки набора

5. план-монтаж полосы

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > rough
20
rough

I

infml

As the cost of everything has skyrocketed of late, it seems that it’s going to be rough — Поскольку цены буквально на все взлетели вверх, то, кажется, нам придется туго

II

infml

The new dictionary of modern spoken language > rough

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

Rough — Rough, a. [Compar. {Rougher}; superl. {Roughest}.] [OE. rou?, rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r?h; akin to LG. rug, D. rug, D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r?h, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. [root] 18. Cf. {Rug}, n.] 1. Having… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
rough — [ruf] adj. [ME ruh, rugh < OE ruh, akin to Ger rauh < IE * reuk < base * reu , to tear, tear out (> RUG, ROTTEN): prob. basic sense “hairy, woolly”] 1. a) not smooth or level; having bumps, projections, etc.; uneven [a rough surface]… … English World dictionary
rough — adj 1 Rough, harsh, uneven, rugged, scabrous are comparable when they mean not having a smooth or even surface, exterior, or texture. Rough, the usual and comprehensive word, basically applies to whatever may be said to have a surface or an… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
rough — ► ADJECTIVE 1) having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level. 2) not gentle; violent or boisterous: rough treatment. 3) (of weather or the sea) wild and stormy. 4) lacking sophistication or refinement. 5) not finished tidily; plain… … English terms dictionary
rough — [rʌf] adjective 1. a rough figure or amount is not exact: • It is possible to give here only very rough figures. • I can only give you a rough estimate at this stage. 2. not finished: • a rough draft of the report 3 … Financial and business terms
rough — [ rɶf ] n. m. • 1932; mot angl. « raboteux, grossier » ♦ Anglic. 1 ♦ Golf Partie d un terrain de golf non entretenue. 2 ♦ Ébauche, projet, dans les arts graphiques. Faire des roughs. ● rough nom masculin (anglais rough, terrain accidenté) Terrain … Encyclopédie Universelle
Rough — Rough, v. t. 1. To render rough; to roughen. [1913 Webster] 2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. Crabb. [1913 Webster] 3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
rough — rough, roughen Rough is used as a verb chiefly in the expressions to rough it (= do without basic comforts), to rough out (= to make a sketch of), to rough up (= to attack). Otherwise the verb from rough, meaning ‘to make or become rough’ is… … Modern English usage
Rough — Rough, n. 1. Boisterous weather. [Obs.] Fletcher. [1913 Webster] 2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy. [1913 Webster] {In the rough}, in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough. [1913 Webster]… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Rough — may refer to:* Roughness * Rough, the area outside the fairway in golf * Rough (manga) * Rough (facility), gas storage in England * Rough (Tina Turner Album) … Wikipedia
rough — [adj1] uneven, irregular asperous, bearded, brambly, bristly, broken, bumpy, bushy, chapped, choppy, coarse, cragged, craggy, cross grained, disheveled, fuzzy, hairy, harsh, jagged, knobby, knotty, nappy, nodular, not smooth, ridged, rocky,… … New thesaurus

Источник

Recent Examples on the Web

The park’s official website warns visitors that there are a few key hazards, apart from weather extremes, that visitors should be aware of, including rough and rugged mountain terrain.

—Lianne Kolirin, CNN, 12 Apr. 2023

Yeah, that was rough.

—Jack Francis, Rolling Stone, 11 Apr. 2023

The Pistons shook off a rough start, finishing with 21 assists and 14 turnovers after tallying two assists and five turnovers in the opening quarter.

—Detroit Free Press, 5 Apr. 2023

Then the season came, and Moody got off to a rough start.

—Connor Letourneau, San Francisco Chronicle, 4 Apr. 2023

Her tryout is rough, to say the least.

—Jordan Moreau, Variety, 2 Apr. 2023

In the central part of the state and in the cool-weather farms around the Salinas area, head and leaf lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts and strawberries have had a rough time.

—Elizabeth Weise, USA TODAY, 1 Apr. 2023

His rough start to his second campaign with Arrow McLaren soon put his ride in jeopardy.

—Nathan Brown, The Indianapolis Star, 1 Apr. 2023

Tucker got off to a rough start at Xavier.

—Adam Baum, The Enquirer, 28 Mar. 2023

His own house in Fire Island Pines, built in 1961, was a single rectangle of about 600 square feet constructed from rough-cut cedar.

—Fred A. Bernstein, New York Times, 2 Nov. 2022

What is verifiably true is that, unlike the hulking, rough-faced cast iron we’re used to today, these elder vessels are almost unbearably wonderful, made from a thinner cast and consequently lighter weight, with surfaces that are satin smooth.

—Helen Rosner, The New Yorker, 21 Nov. 2021

Stroud contacted Willis shortly after a taxidermist rough-scored the incredible rack on that pleasant fall afternoon.

—Matt Williams, Dallas News, 2 Oct. 2021

Frank Jay Gould, Jay’s youngest son, become known for his love of both smooth- and rough-coated St. Bernard’s.

—Emily Leiker, USA TODAY, 11 June 2021

In another demonstration of the variability of perception, the authors showed that when placed next to an elderly woman or a child, pit bulls were labeled more positively, while showing them next to a rough-looking male hurt their credibility.

—Nathaniel Scharping, Discover Magazine, 23 Mar. 2016

Centineo plays Owen with a similar off-kilter, rough-around-the-edges appeal.

—Nojan Aminosharei, Men’s Health, 21 Dec. 2022

Corabi had the album’s rough-hewn artwork patterned after the essential Aerosmith concert album.

—Matt Wake | Mwake@al.com, al, 5 Oct. 2022

The top is asymmetric and rough-edged, not to mention rent down the center.

—Maile Pingel, WSJ, 28 Sep. 2022

The woman artist, so often brought in as much as trinket as talent, has been right there, a diamond in the sexist musical rough all along.

—Danyel Smith, New York Times, 8 Feb. 2023

The resulting finished stones range in size from 25.06 to 79.35 carats; in total, 67 diamonds came from the original rough.

—Paige Reddinger, Robb Report, 21 Aug. 2022

Smith went from the right rough on the opening hole to a back bunker and missed a 12-foot par putt.

—Dallas News, 7 Jan. 2022

Then, on the Las Colinas Course 14th hole, TFA’s No. 1 player, Mi Li, plugged her tee shot in the rough of the tough par 4.

—Steve Gorches, Orlando Sentinel, 12 Nov. 2022

Part of the cache cut from the Lesotho Legend, a 910-carat rough, the trio of stones is free of inclusions and exhibits remarkable brilliance.

—Tanya Dukes, ELLE Decor, 26 Sep. 2022

Marx’s drive landed beneath a tree in the right rough.

—San Diego Union-Tribune, 15 July 2022

Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway.

—BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021

Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway.

—BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021

Despite the isolated setting, guests don’t go there to rough it.

—John Wogan, Travel + Leisure, 5 Oct. 2020

For: Eco-conscious men looking for a thorough clean that won’t rough their skin up.

—Dallas News, 30 Nov. 2022

Has the fraternity gotten so chummy that one team or one player can’t rough up the feelings of another player, another team?

—Gordon Monson, The Salt Lake Tribune, 11 Dec. 2022

To start, Pinto recommends using a nail buffer to rough up the surface of the polish until the shine is completely gone.

—Sydney Wingfield, Glamour, 9 Dec. 2022

Instead, Lukashenko’s thuggish enforcers at GUBOPiK have a green light to rough up activists and target their families.

—Robyn Dixon, Washington Post, 13 Aug. 2022

Again, having been shut out of spring practice, this is our first chance to rough out some answers to those questions.

—Zach Osterman, The Indianapolis Star, 1 Aug. 2022

Hydro Flask Outdoor Kitchen Collection $20 – $75 THE PROMISE: Kitchenware that’s ready to rough it, but sleek enough for fancy backyard cookouts.

—Outside Online, 14 Aug. 2020

Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted.

—Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022

See More

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘rough.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Источник

грубый, шероховатый, грубо, неровность, грубиян, терпеть лишения

прилагательное ↓

- неровный, шероховатый; шершавый

rough road — неровная /ухабистая/ дорога
rough paper — шероховатая бумага
rough skin — шершавая кожа
rough edges — неровные обрезы (книги)

- труднопроходимый (о местности и т. п.)

rough ground /terrain/ — пересечённая местность

- грубый

rough food — грубая пища
rough hands — мозолистые /жёсткие/ руки
cloth that is rough to the touch — сукно, грубое на ощупь
rough grazing /pasture/ — с.-х. пастбище с грубыми травами
rough fibre — с.-х. мешочное /тарное/ волокно

- неотделанный; необработанный, неочищенный

rough rice — неочищенный рис; рис-сырец
rough coal — рядовой уголь
rough leather — невыделанная кожа
rough logs — лес. кругляк; неошкуренный, необработанный лесоматериал
rough store — склад сырых материалов /полуфабрикатов/

- неотшлифованный

rough diamond — а) неотшлифованный алмаз; б) неотёсанный мужлан с золотым сердцем

ещё 21 вариант

наречие

- грубо (в различных смыслах сообразно значению прилагательного)
- полигр. первая корректура
- разг.; = roughrider

существительное ↓

- неровная местность
- «бурьян», неровная часть поля (гольф)
- нечто грубое на вид
- нечто шероховатое, неровное
- трудный, тяжёлый период в жизни

the rough(s) and the smooth(s) — превратности судьбы, неудачи и удачи
to take the rough with the smooth — стойко переносить превратности судьбы; мужественно встречать невзгоды

ещё 4 варианта

глагол ↓

- делать шероховатым, грубым
- становиться шероховатым; грубеть
- допускать грубость (в разговоре и в обращении)
- допускать грубость по отношению к противнику (футбол)

he was sent off the field by the referee for roughing — он был удалён с поля за грубость

- ерошить, лохматить, всклокочивать (волосы и т. п.)

ещё 4 варианта

Мои примеры

Словосочетания

people living rough on the streets — люди, живущие на улицах под открытым небом
the rough skin of a shark — шероховатая кожа акулы
a rough idea how long it would take — примерное представление о том, сколько времени это займёт
rough breathing — сильное придыхание
rough / uncut diamond — неотшлифованный алмаз
engine is running rough — двигатель работает жёстко
engine runs rough — двигатель работает неустойчиво
an approximate, rough estimate — грубая оценка
rough texture to the feel — грубая на ощупь ткань
rough going — трудности, затруднения
rough grain — грубое волокно
to live rough — жить без привычных удобств, скитаться по углам

Примеры с переводом

He is rough to deal with.

С ним очень трудно иметь дело.

Her hands felt rough.

Её руки были шершавые.

Rugby is a very rough sport.

Регби — очень жёсткий вид спорта.

Life has been treating her pretty rough.

Жизнь обходилась с ней довольно грубо.

Rough him up a little.

Надо ему задать лёгкую взбучку.

The wind will rough up my hair.

Ветер мне взлохматит волосы.

Poor kid, he’s had a rough day.

Бедный парень, ему сегодня досталось.

ещё 23 примера свернуть

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

He plays rough with the dog.

The ship went down in rough seas.

They hiked through rough terrain.

Для того чтобы добавить вариант перевода, кликните по иконке ☰, напротив примера.

Фразовые глаголы

Возможные однокоренные слова

roughage — грубые корма, грубая пища, высушенный
roughen — грубеть, делать грубым, делаться грубым, делать шероховатым
roughly — грубо, приблизительно, бурно, резко, неровно, небрежно, начерно, невежливо
roughness — шероховатость, грубость, неровность, шершавость, терпкость, резкость, грубоватость
rougher — человек на подготовительных операциях, более тяжелый
roughing — черновая обработка, обдирка, черновой, обрабатывать начерно
roughish — грубоватый

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: rough
he/she/it: roughs
ing ф. (present participle): roughing
2-я ф. (past tense): roughed
3-я ф. (past participle): roughed

noun
ед. ч.(singular): rough
мн. ч.(plural): roughs

adjective
срав. степ. (comparative): rougher
прев. степ. (superlative): roughest

Источник

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

[also more rough; most rough]

having a surface that is not even

rough tree bark
a cat’s rough tongue
He trimmed the rough edge of the paper.
We traveled over rough dirt roads.
They hiked through rough terrain/country.

—

opposite smooth

having or causing sudden, violent movements

a rough [=bumpy] ride on an old wooden roller coaster
We were a bit shaken from the plane’s rough landing.

—

opposite smooth

somewhat informal

difficult or unpleasant to deal with

She’s had a rough [=tough] life/year/time.
He went through a rough patch/period after his divorce.
They’ve hit a few rough spots in their marriage.
Despite a rough start, the team won more games this season than last.
I had a rough night last night. [=I did not sleep well]
It was rough going [=things were difficult] for a while.
Our ancestors had it rough [=had a difficult existence] compared to us.
He’s having a rough time (of it). = He’s going through a rough time. [=he is having a difficult time; his life has been difficult recently]

not calm

having large waves, strong winds, storms, etc.

The sea is rough today.
rough waters off the coast
We ran into some rough [=stormy] weather.

not gentle or careful

causing or likely to cause harm or injury

These dishes are not made to withstand rough handling.
The prisoners complained about rough treatment by the guards.
She says the kids are too rough [=rowdy] when they play.
He doesn’t like rough sports like hockey.
All right kids—no rough stuff. [=no behaving or playing in a rough way]
Don’t be so rough on them [=don’t punish or criticize them so harshly] for making a mistake.

having a lot of crime or danger

I live in a pretty rough neighborhood/area.

made or done in a way that is simple or that needs further changes, improvements, etc.

He made a rough sketch of the house.
They built a rough [=crude] shelter out of branches.
He submitted a rough draft of the article.
The project still has a few rough edges. [=the project still has a few things that need to be changed or finished]
The design is still a bit rough around the edges.

always used before a noun

not precise or exact

not including all the details

If I were to make a rough guess, I might say there were 100,000 people at the parade.
a rough translation of a Chinese proverb
This sketch will give you a rough idea of what the house looks like.

having a harsh sound

She has a rough voice.

British, informal

not well

I’m feeling too rough to go out tonight.

— roughness

noun

[noncount]

the roughness of the waves
surfaces with varying degrees of roughness and smoothness

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

in a rough way

The engine is running a little rough.
Life has been treating her pretty rough.
He plays rough with the dog.

British

outside and without shelter

people living/sleeping rough on the streets

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

the rough

golf

an area on a golf course covered with tall grass that makes it difficult to hit the ball

He hit his drive into the rough.

[count]

something (such as a drawing) that is done quickly and is not detailed or finished

He showed me a few roughs of the new building.

[count]

informal + old-fashioned

a person who is loud and violent

a gang of roughs [=rowdies, hoodlums]

in an unfinished form

The plans were done in rough for preapproval.

in an unfinished or rough state

Some of the turquoise is polished and some is in the rough. [=not polished]
He admired the beauty of nature in the rough.

—

see also diamond in the rough

take the rough with the smooth

chiefly British

to accept and deal with the bad or unpleasant things that happen in addition to the good or pleasant things

In this business, you have to learn to take the rough with the smooth.

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

[+ object]

American football + ice hockey

to hit (a player) very hard in a way that is not allowed by the rules

He was called for roughing the kicker/passer.

rough (something) in

rough in (something)

to make a rough or unfinished version of (something, such as a design) as the first step in creating the finished version

Rough in the lettering on your poster.
He roughed in the frame of the new door.

to live usually for a short time without the normal things that make life comfortable

She was roughing it in the wilderness.

rough (something) out

rough out (something)

to make (something, such as a drawing or a list) quickly and without including all the details

We’ll rough out a general plan.

rough (someone) up

rough up (someone)

informal

to hit and hurt (someone)

The prisoner claimed that he was roughed up by the guards.

Источник

rough

left: rough jade

right: polished jade

rough

(rŭf)

adj. rough·er, rough·est

a. Having a surface marked by irregularities, protuberances, or ridges; not smooth: planed the board so it was no longer rough.

b. Coarse or shaggy to the touch: a rough scratchy blanket.

a. Difficult to travel over or through: the rough terrain of the highlands.

b. Characterized by violent motion; turbulent: rough waters.

c. Difficult to endure or live through, especially because of harsh or inclement weather: a rough winter.

d. Unpleasant or difficult: had a rough time during the exam.

a. Characterized by or done with violence or forcefulness: a sport noted for rough play; a package that received rough handling.

b. Boisterous, disorderly, or given to violence: ran with a rough crowd.

c. Characterized by violence or crime: lives in a rough neighborhood.

d. Lacking polish or finesse: rough manners.

4. Harsh to the ear: a rough raspy sound.

5. Being in a natural state: rough diamonds.

6. Not perfected, completed, or fully detailed: a rough drawing; rough carpentry.

1. The surface or part of something that is uneven or coarse: felt the rough of his chin.

a. Rugged overgrown terrain.

b. Sports The area of a golf hole in which the grass is left unmowed or is cut to a length longer than that of the fairway.

a. A disorderly, unrefined, or unfinished state.

b. A difficult or disagreeable aspect or condition of something: observed politics in the rough when working as an intern on Capitol Hill.

4. A person given to violent or disorderly behavior; a rowdy.

tr.v. roughed, rough·ing, roughs

a. To treat roughly or with physical violence: roughed up his opponent.

b. Sports To treat (an opposing player) with unnecessary roughness, often in violation of the rules: was ejected from the game for roughing the passer.

2. To prepare or indicate in an unfinished form: rough out a house plan.

adv.

In a rough manner; roughly: The engine began to run rough and faltered.

Idiom:

rough it

To live without the usual comforts and conveniences: roughed it in a small hunting shack.

[Middle English, from Old English rūh.]

rough′er n.

rough′ly adv.

rough′ness n.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

rough

(rʌf)

adj

1. (of a surface) not smooth; uneven or irregular

2. (of ground) covered with scrub, boulders, etc

3. denoting or taking place on uncultivated ground: rough grazing; rough shooting.

4. shaggy or hairy

5. turbulent; agitated: a rough sea.

6. (of the performance or motion of something) uneven; irregular: a rough engine.

7. (of behaviour or character) rude, coarse, ill mannered, inconsiderate, or violent

8. harsh or sharp: rough words.

9. informal severe or unpleasant: a rough lesson.

10. (of work, a task, etc) requiring physical rather than mental effort

11. informal ill or physically upset: he felt rough after an evening of heavy drinking.

12. unfair or unjust: rough luck.

13. harsh or grating to the ear

14. harsh to the taste

15. without refinement, luxury, etc

16. not polished or perfected in any detail; rudimentary; not elaborate: rough workmanship; rough justice.

17. not prepared or dressed: rough gemstones.

18. (of a guess, estimate, etc) approximate

19. informal Austral (of a chance) not good

20. (Phonetics & Phonology) having the sound of h; aspirated

21. rough on informal chiefly

a. severe towards

b. unfortunate for (a person)

22. the rough side of one’s tongue harsh words; a reprimand, rebuke, or verbal attack

23. rough ground

24. (Art Terms) a sketch or preliminary piece of artwork

25. an unfinished or crude state (esp in the phrase in the rough)

26. (Golf) the rough golf the part of the course bordering the fairways where the grass is untrimmed

27. (Tennis) tennis squash badminton the side of a racket on which the binding strings form an uneven line

28. (Squash & Fives) tennis squash badminton the side of a racket on which the binding strings form an uneven line

29. (Badminton) tennis squash badminton the side of a racket on which the binding strings form an uneven line

30. informal a rough or violent person; thug

31. the unpleasant side of something (esp in the phrase take the rough with the smooth)

adv

32. in a rough manner; roughly

33. sleep rough to spend the night in the open; be without a home or without shelter

34. (tr) to make rough; roughen

35. (tr; foll by out, in, etc) to prepare (a sketch, report, piece of work, etc) in preliminary form

36. rough it informal to live without the usual comforts or conveniences of life

[Old English rūh; related to Old Norse ruksa, Middle Dutch rūge, rūwe, German rauh]

ˈroughness n

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

rough

(rʌf)

adj. rough•er, rough•est,
n., adv., v. adj.

1. having a coarse or uneven surface, as from projections, irregularities, or breaks.

2. shaggy or coarse: a dog with a rough coat.

3. steep or uneven and covered with high grass, brush, stones, etc.; wild: rough country.

4. acting with or characterized by violence: a rough sport.

5. characterized by turbulence: rough seas.

6. stormy or tempestuous, as wind or weather.

7. lacking in gentleness, care, or consideration: rough handling.

8. sharp or harsh: rough words.

9. unmannerly or rude.

10. disorderly or riotous: a rough mob.

11. difficult or unpleasant: to have a rough time of it.

12. harsh to the ear.

13. harsh to the taste.

14. coarse, as food.

15. lacking culture or refinement.

16. without comforts or conveniences: rough camping.

17. not elaborated, perfected, or corrected; unpolished: a rough draft.

18. approximate or tentative: a rough guess.

19. crude, nonprocessed, or unprepared: rough rice.

20. requiring exertion or strength: rough manual labor.

21. something that is rough, esp. rough ground.

22. any part of a golf course bordering the fairway on which the grass, weeds, etc., are not trimmed.

23. the unpleasant or difficult part of anything.

24. anything in its crude or preliminary form, as a drawing.

adv.

25. in a rough manner; roughly.

v.t.

26. to make rough; roughen.

27. to subject to physical violence (usu. fol. by up).

28. to subject to some rough, preliminary process of working or preparation.

29. to sketch roughly or in outline (often fol. by in or out).

30. to subject (a player on an opposing team) to unnecessary physical abuse, as in blocking or tackling.

v.i.

31. to become rough, as a surface.

32. to behave roughly.

Idioms:

rough it, to live without customary comforts or conveniences.

[before 1000; Middle English (adj. and n.), Old English rūh (adj.), c. Middle Dutch rū(ch), Old High German rūh (German rauh)]

rough′ish, adj.

rough′ly, adv.

rough

Past participle: roughed
Gerund: roughing

Imperative
rough
rough

Present
I rough
you rough
he/she/it roughs
we rough
you rough
they rough

Preterite
I roughed
you roughed
he/she/it roughed
we roughed
you roughed
they roughed

Present Continuous
I am roughing
you are roughing
he/she/it is roughing
we are roughing
you are roughing
they are roughing

Present Perfect
I have roughed
you have roughed
he/she/it has roughed
we have roughed
you have roughed
they have roughed

Past Continuous
I was roughing
you were roughing
he/she/it was roughing
we were roughing
you were roughing
they were roughing

Past Perfect
I had roughed
you had roughed
he/she/it had roughed
we had roughed
you had roughed
they had roughed

Future
I will rough
you will rough
he/she/it will rough
we will rough
you will rough
they will rough

Future Perfect
I will have roughed
you will have roughed
he/she/it will have roughed
we will have roughed
you will have roughed
they will have roughed

Future Continuous
I will be roughing
you will be roughing
he/she/it will be roughing
we will be roughing
you will be roughing
they will be roughing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been roughing
you have been roughing
he/she/it has been roughing
we have been roughing
you have been roughing
they have been roughing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been roughing
you will have been roughing
he/she/it will have been roughing
we will have been roughing
you will have been roughing
they will have been roughing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been roughing
you had been roughing
he/she/it had been roughing
we had been roughing
you had been roughing
they had been roughing

Conditional
I would rough
you would rough
he/she/it would rough
we would rough
you would rough
they would rough

Past Conditional
I would have roughed
you would have roughed
he/she/it would have roughed
we would have roughed
you would have roughed
they would have roughed

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

rough

Untrimmed grass bordering the fairway.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	rough — the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short golf course, links course — course consisting of a large landscaped area for playing golf land site, site — the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located); «a good site for the school»
Verb	1.	rough — prepare in preliminary or sketchy form rough in, rough out prepare — to prepare verbally, either for written or spoken delivery; «prepare a report»; «prepare a speech»
Adj.	1.	rough — having or caused by an irregular surface; «trees with rough bark»; «rough ground»; «rough skin»; «rough blankets»; «his unsmooth face» unsmooth uneven — not even or uniform as e.g. in shape or texture; «an uneven color»; «uneven ground»; «uneven margins»; «wood with an uneven grain» unironed, wrinkled — (of linens or clothes) not ironed; «a pile of unironed laundry»; «wore unironed jeans» unpolished — not carefully reworked or perfected or made smooth by polishing; «dull unpolished shoes» irregular — contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice; «irregular hiring practices» coarse, harsh — of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles; «coarse meal»; «coarse sand»; «a coarse weave» nonslippery — not slippery; not likely to slip or skid smooth — having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities; «smooth skin»; «a smooth tabletop»; «smooth fabric»; «a smooth road»; «water as smooth as a mirror»
	2.	rough — (of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse; «she was a diamond in the rough»; «rough manners» unrefined — (used of persons and their behavior) not refined; uncouth; «how can a refined girl be drawn to such an unrefined man?»
	3.	rough — not quite exact or correct; «the approximate time was 10 o’clock»; «a rough guess»; «a ballpark estimate» approximate, approximative inexact — not exact
	4.	rough — full of hardship or trials; «the rocky road to success»; «they were having a rough time» rocky difficult, hard — not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure; «a difficult task»; «nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access»; «difficult times»; «why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?»
	5.	rough — violently agitated and turbulent; «boisterous winds and waves»; «the fierce thunders roar me their music»- Ezra Pound; «rough weather»; «rough seas» boisterous, fierce stormy — (especially of weather) affected or characterized by storms or commotion; «a stormy day»; «wide and stormy seas»
	6.	rough — unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound; «a gravelly voice» grating, rasping, raspy, gravelly, scratchy cacophonic, cacophonous — having an unpleasant sound; «as cacophonous as a henyard»- John McCarten
	7.	rough — ready and able to resort to force or violence; «pugnacious spirits…lamented that there was so little prospect of an exhilarating disturbance»- Herman Melville; «they were rough and determined fighting men» pugnacious aggressive — having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends; «an aggressive businessman»; «an aggressive basketball player»; «he was aggressive and imperious; positive in his convictions»; «aggressive drivers»
	8.	rough — of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or fringed or scalloped phytology, botany — the branch of biology that studies plants unsubdivided, simple — (botany) of leaf shapes; of leaves having no divisions or subdivisions compound — composed of more than one part; «compound leaves are composed of several lobes; «compound flower heads» smooth — of the margin of a leaf shape; not broken up into teeth
	9.	rough — causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements; «a rough ride» bumpy, jolting, jolty, jumpy, rocky smooth — of motion that runs or flows or proceeds without jolts or turbulence; «a smooth ride»
	10.	rough — not shaped by cutting or trimming; «an uncut diamond»; «rough gemstones» uncut
	11.	rough — not carefully or expertly made; «managed to make a crude splint»; «a crude cabin of logs with bark still on them»; «rough carpentry» crude unskilled — not having or showing or requiring special skill or proficiency; «unskilled in the art of rhetoric»; «an enthusiastic but unskillful mountain climber»; «unskilled labor»; «workers in unskilled occupations are finding fewer and fewer job opportunities»; «unskilled workmanship»
	12.	rough — not perfected; «a rough draft»; «a few rough sketches» unpolished — not carefully reworked or perfected or made smooth by polishing; «dull unpolished shoes»
	13.	rough — unpleasantly stern; «wild and harsh country full of hot sand and cactus»; «the nomad life is rough and hazardous» harsh unpleasant — disagreeable to the senses, to the mind, or feelings ; «an unpleasant personality»; «unpleasant repercussions»; «unpleasant odors»
	14.	rough — unkind or cruel or uncivil; «had harsh words»; «a harsh and unlovable old tyrant»; «a rough answer» harsh unkind — lacking kindness; «a thoughtless and unkind remark»; «the unkindest cut of all»
Adv.	1.	rough — with roughness or violence (`rough’ is an informal variant for `roughly’); «he was pushed roughly aside»; «they treated him rough» roughly colloquialism — a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech
	2.	rough — with rough motion as over a rough surface; «ride rough» roughly

rough

adjective

1. uneven, broken, rocky, rugged, irregular, jagged, bumpy, stony, craggy She made her way across the rough ground.
uneven even, level, regular, smooth, unbroken

2. coarse, disordered, tangled, hairy, fuzzy, bushy, shaggy, dishevelled, uncut, unshaven, tousled, bristly, unshorn people who looked rough and stubbly
coarse soft, smooth

4. ungracious, blunt, rude, coarse, bluff, curt, churlish, bearish, brusque, uncouth, unrefined, inconsiderate, impolite, loutish, untutored, discourteous, unpolished, indelicate, uncivil, uncultured, unceremonious, ill-bred, unmannerly, ill-mannered He was rough and common.
ungracious civil, smooth, sophisticated, elegant, pleasant, delicate, refined, polite, graceful, gracious, courteous, considerate, urbane, courtly, well-bred, well-mannered

5. unpleasant, hard, difficult, tough, uncomfortable, drastic, unjust Women have a rough time in our society.
unpleasant easy, soft, comfortable, pleasant, cushy (informal)

6. (Informal) unwell, poorly (informal), ill, upset, sick, crook (Austral. & N.Z. informal), rotten (informal), below par, off colour, under the weather (informal), not a hundred per cent (informal), ropey or ropy (Brit. informal) The lad is still feeling a bit rough.

9. basic, quick, raw, crude, unfinished, incomplete, hasty, imperfect, rudimentary, sketchy, cursory, shapeless, rough-and-ready, unrefined, formless, rough-hewn, untutored, unpolished Make a rough plan of the space.
basic detailed, finished, complete, perfected, specific, polished, refined

11. stormy, wild, turbulent, agitated, choppy, tempestuous, inclement, squally The ships collided in rough seas.
stormy quiet, calm, smooth, gentle, tranquil

12. grating, harsh, jarring, raucous, rasping, husky, discordant, gruff, cacophonous, unmusical, inharmonious ‘Wait!’ a rough voice commanded.
grating soft, smooth, harmonious

13. harsh, tough, sharp, severe, nasty, cruel, rowdy, curt, unfeeling I was a bit rough with you this morning.
harsh just, kind, soft, quiet, gentle, pleasant, mild

noun

2. (Informal) thug, tough, casual, rowdy, hoon (Austral. & N.Z.), bully boy, bruiser, ruffian, lager lout, roughneck (slang), ned (slang) The roughs of the town are out.

rough and ready

rough and tumble

1. fight, struggle, scrap (informal), brawl, scuffle, punch-up (Brit. informal), fracas, affray (Law), dust-up (informal), shindig (informal), donnybrook, scrimmage, roughhouse (slang), shindy (informal), melee or mêlée the rough and tumble of political combat

rough someone up (Informal) beat up, batter, thrash, do over (Brit., Austral., & N.Z. slang), work over (slang), mistreat, manhandle, maltreat, bash up (informal), beat the living daylights out of (informal), knock about or around They roughed him up a bit

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

rough

adjective

1. Having a surface that is not smooth:

2. Consisting of or covered with large particles:

3. Violently disturbed or agitated, as by storms:

dirty, heavy, raging, roiled, roily, rugged, stormy, tempestuous, tumultuous, turbulent, ugly, violent, wild.

4. Requiring great or extreme bodily, mental, or spiritual strength:

arduous, backbreaking, burdensome, demanding, difficult, effortful, exacting, exigent, formidable, hard, heavy, laborious, onerous, oppressive, rigorous, severe, taxing, tough, trying, weighty.

5. Causing sharp, often prolonged discomfort:

6. Hard to deal with or get out of:

7. Lacking in delicacy or refinement:

barbarian, barbaric, boorish, churlish, coarse, crass, crude, gross, ill-bred, indelicate, philistine, rude, tasteless, uncivilized, uncouth, uncultivated, uncultured, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar.

8. Marked by vigorous physical exertion:

9. Disagreeable to the sense of hearing:

dry, grating, harsh, hoarse, jarring, rasping, raspy, raucous, scratchy, squawky, strident.

10. In a primitive state; not domesticated or cultivated; produced by nature:

11. Not perfected, elaborated, or completed:

12. Lacking expert, careful craftsmanship:

verb

To be rough or brutal with.Also used with up:

phrasal verb
rough in or out

To draw up a preliminary plan or version of:

phrasal verb
rough up

To injure or damage, as by abuse or heavy wear:

noun

A preliminary plan or version, as of a written work:

Translations

hrubýnásilníknásilnýnepříjemnýporost

grovhårdløseligruujævn

kareligilähedane

karheikkokarkeakovakourainenraffi

grub

durvahepehupás terepnagyol

erfiîur; hrjúfurgrófur, hrjúfurgrófur, ójafngrófur, ómótaîurröff, kargi

手荒な粗い

거친

apmestiaudringasnelygi aikštelėnesubrandintasneužbaigtas

aptuvensgrambainsgrūtshuligānsnelīdzens

grobhrapavneravenpribliženraskav

grovhårdhänt

รุนแรงหยาบ

rápthô lỗ

rough

[rʌf]

A. ADJ (rougher (compar) (roughest (superl)))

6. (= unpolished, crude) [person] → tosco, rudo; [manners, speech] → tosco; [shelter, table, tunic] → tosco, basto; [gemstone] → en bruto
he’s a rough diamond → es un diamante en bruto

7. (= hard, tough) → duro
things are rough now, but they will get better → las cosas están un poco difíciles ahora pero mejorarán
to be rough on sb [situation] → ser duro para algn; [person] → ser duro con algn
parents’ divorce can be really rough on children → el divorcio de los padres puede ser muy duro para los niños
don’t be so rough on him, it’s not his fault → no seas tan duro con él, no es culpa suya
it’s a bit rough on him to have to do all the housework → no es muy justo que él tenga que hacer todo el trabajo de la casa
to give sb a rough ride or a rough time → hacérselo pasar mal a algn
to have a rough time (of it) → pasarlo mal
when the going gets rough → cuando las cosas se ponen feas

E. CPD rough puff pastry N → hojaldre m

rough in VT + ADV [+ shape, figure, outline] → esbozar, bosquejar

rough up VT + ADV

Collins Spanish Dictionary — Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

rough

[ˈrʌf]

adj

(= not smooth) [cloth, skin] → rêche; [hands] → rêche; [surface] → rugueux/euse; [terrain, ground] → accidenté(e); [path] → rocailleux/euse
My hands are rough → J’ai les mains rêches.
rough edges [object] → aspérités fpl; [performance, song, piece writing] → côté m mal dégrossi; [person’s character] → côté m mal dégrossi

[wine] → râpeux/euse

(= coarse) [person, manner] → rude, fruste

(= violent) [game, sport, person, treatment] → brutal(e)
Rugby’s a rough sport → Le rugby est un sport brutal.
to be rough with sb → être brutal avec qn

(= stormy) [weather] → mauvais(e); [sea] → agité(e)
The sea is rough today → La mer est agitée aujourd’hui.
The sea was rough → La mer était agitée.

(= approximate) [calculation, plan] → approximatif/ive; [idea, description] → vague before n
I’ve got a rough idea → J’ai une vague idée.
at a rough guess → à vue de nez
a rough sketch → un schéma
It often helps to make a rough sketch → Cela aide souvent de faire un schéma.
a rough outline of sth → les grande lignes de qch
a rough estimate → une estimation approximative
as a rough guide → à titre indicatif

(= difficult) [life] → dur(e); [day] → dur(e) before n
to have a rough time → en voir de dures
to have a rough time of it → en voir de dures
to be rough on sb [situation] → être dur pour qn
It’s rough on him → C’est dur pour lui.

(= unfair) → rude
to get a rough deal → ne pas être gâté(e)
to be rough on sb (= unkind, unfair) → être dur(e) avec qn

(British) (= ill) to feel rough → être mal fichu(e)
to look rough → ne pas avoir l’air bien
She looks rough! Has she been up all night? → Elle n’a pas l’air bien! Elle n’a pas dormi de la nuit?

(= draft) in rough [draw, write] → au brouillon

rough

adj (+er)

(= harsh) sound → hart; voice, tone → rau; taste, wine → sauer; words → grob, hart; to have rough luck → schweres Pech haben; to have a rough tongue (fig) → eine scharfe Zunge haben; he got the rough side of her tongue → er bekam (von ihr) den Marsch geblasen

(= coarse, unrefined) person → ungehobelt; manners, speech → grob, roh

(= violent) person, child → grob, roh; treatment, handling → grob, hart; life → wüst; children’s game → wild; match, sport, work → hart; neighbourhood, manners, pub → rau; sea, weather, wind → rau, stürmisch; sea crossing → stürmisch; a rough customer (inf) → ein übler Typ (inf); to be rough with somebody → grob mit jdm umgehen, unsanft mit jdm umspringen (inf); rough play (Sport) → Holzerei f (inf)

→ unwegsames Gelände; (Golf) → Rau nt; rough or smooth? (Sport) → untere oder obere Seite? (des Schlägers, die durch einen roten Faden gekennzeichnet ist; zum Bestimmen, wer anfängt); she likes a bit of rough (Brit inf: sexually) → sie mags gern heftig (sl)

(= unpleasant aspect) to take the rough with the smooth → das Leben nehmen, wie es kommt

rough

rough-and-ready

adj method, equipment, place → provisorisch; work → zusammengehauen (inf), → zusammengepfuscht (inf); person → rau(beinig); measure, interpretation, attitude → grob

roughcast vb: pret, ptp <roughcast>

rough diamond

n (lit) → Rohdiamant m; he’s a rough → er ist rau, aber herzlich

rough

rough trade

n (sl) (ohne feste Bindungsabsicht ausgewählter) homosexueller Geschlechtspartner mit grobem oder gewalttätigem Verhalten

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

rough

[rʌf]

1. adj (-er (comp) (-est (superl)))

a. (uneven, ground, road, path, edge) → accidentato/a; (not smooth, skin, cloth, surface, hands) → ruvido/a

b. (voice) → rauco/a; (taste, wine) → aspro/a; (coarse, unrefined, person, manners, life) → rozzo/a; (harsh, person, game) → violento/a; (neighbourhood) → poco raccomandabile, malfamato/a; (sea crossing, weather) → brutto/a
the sea is rough today → c’è mare grosso oggi
I don’t want any rough stuff! (fam) → niente risse!
a rough customer (fam) → un duro
to have a rough time (of it) → passare un periodaccio
to give sb a rough time (of it) → rendere la vita dura a qn
it’s rough on him → che sfortuna per lui
to feel rough (Brit) (fam) → sentirsi male

c. (calculation, figures) → approssimativo/a, approssimato/a; (plan) → sommario/a
rough work, rough draft, rough copy → brutta copia
rough sketch → schizzo
rough estimate → approssimazione f
at a rough guess or estimate → ad occhio e croce
he’s a rough diamond → sotto quei modi un po’ grezzi si nasconde un cuore d’oro

3. n

a. (fam) (person) → duro

rough up vt + adv (fam) to rough sb up → malmenare qn

rough

(raf) adjective

1. not smooth. Her skin felt rough.

2. uneven. a rough path.

3. harsh; unpleasant. a rough voice; She’s had a rough time since her husband died.

4. noisy and violent. rough behaviour.

5. stormy. The sea was rough; rough weather.

6. not complete or exact; approximate. a rough drawing; a rough idea/estimate.

noun

1. a violent bully. a gang of roughs.

2. uneven or uncultivated ground on a golf course. I lost my ball in the rough.

ˈroughly adverbˈroughness nounˈroughage (-fidʒ) noun

substances in food, eg bran or fibre, which help digestion.

ˈroughen verb

to make or become rough. The sea roughened as the wind rose.

rough diamond

a person of fine character but rough manners.

ˌrough-and-ˈready adjective

1. not carefully made or finished, but good enough. a rough-and-ready meal.

2. (of people) friendly enough but without politeness etc.

ˌrough-and-ˈtumble noun

friendly fighting between children etc.

rough it

to live for a period of time without the comforts or conveniences of modern life. They roughed it in the jungles for two months.

rough out

to draw or explain roughly. I roughed out a diagram; He roughed out his plan.

rough

→ خَشِن, غَيْرُ لَطِيف hrubý brutal, grov grob, uneben τραχύς áspero, brusco karkea, kovakourainen brute, rugueux grub grossolano, rude 手荒な, 粗い 거친 ruw hardhendt, ru brutalny, szorstki áspero, bruto, rude грубый grov, hårdhänt รุนแรง, หยาบ kaba ráp, thô lỗ 粗糙的, 粗鲁的

rough

a. [surface, skin] áspero-a, escabroso-a; [character] rudo-a. grosero-a;

to have a ___ time → pasarla mal.

Is the sea rough today?
The crossing was rough

rough

adj (skin, etc.) áspero

Источник

Meaning Rough

What does Rough mean? Here you find 64 meanings of the word Rough. You can also add a definition of Rough yourself

1	0 0 n. ~ A first draft.

2	0 0 Rough In hardware, metal fastenings on cabinets that are usually concealed, such as staples.

3	0 0 Rough The accumulation of living and dead ground and understory vegetation, especially grasses, forest litter, and draped dead needles, sometimes with addition of underbrush such as palmetto, gallberry, and [..]

4	0 0 Rough Describes the drying, gritty or furry mouthfeel associated with higher levels of tannins and coarse tannins.

5	0 0 Rough Unpolished suede-like leather, which was primarily used for binding of reference books, music scores, working manuals, and similar books, since the 18th century. Also known as reversed calf.

6	0 0 Rough Old English ruh «rough, coarse (of cloth); hairy, shaggy; untrimmed, uncultivated,» from West Germanic *rukhwaz «shaggy, hairy, rough» (source also of Middle Dutch ruuch, Dutch rui [..]

7	0 0 Rough late 15c., from rough (adj.). Related: Roughed; roughing. Phrase rough it «submit to hardships» (1768) is originally nautical: To lie rough; to lie all night in one’s clothes: called al [..]

8	0 0 Rough c. 1200, «broken ground,» from rough (adj.). Meaning «a rowdy» is first attested 1837. Specific sense in golf is from 1901. Phrase in the rough «in an unfinished or unprocesse [..]

9	0 0 Rough A dummy of a print advertising layout or an early version of a television storyboard prepared by art directors and copywriters to help them realize the advertising idea and discuss it with others in the advertising agency and sometimes with clients.

10	0 0 Rough 1) Describing a mineral without any crystal faces. 2) In regard to gemstones it refers to unfaceted or unpolished material.

11	0 0 Rough longer grass adjacent to the fairways, greens and perhaps tees Example: Playing from the rough is usually, but not always, more difficult than playing from the fairway, as the longer grass makes clean [..]

12	0 0 Rough (graphic design) a rapidly-drawn sketch, larger and more detailed than a thumbnail sketch, but less refined and precise than a comp, used to explore visual possibilities in design.

13	0 0 Rough The area with deeper grass besides the fairways.

14	0 0 Rough An area outside of the Fairway. The grass is longer making it harder to hit the golf ball cleanly. Slice

15	0 0 Rough longer grass adjacent to the fairways, greens and perhaps tees

16

0

0

Rough

A particular area on the golf course is called rough. It lies outside the fairways and consists of a higher, thicker turf. Sometimes the turf is even the natural growing and unkept grass. But usually the so-called first cut of rough is the adjacent area to the fairway which is mowed higher than the fairway but lower than the “second cut of rough� [..]

17	0 0 Rough Longer and thicker grassed area of the course.

18	0 0 Rough — The area of play off the fairway that usually proves to make more difficult the throw.

19

0

0

Rough

This refers to the unmaintained areas on either side of the fairway. Golfers should try to avoid these areas, since once a ball is hit into the rough it is difficult to make a clean shot. Depending on the rules being used, players are either forced to make a shot from where the ball landed in the rough, or can take a penalty and place the ball back [..]

20	0 0 Rough The areas marshaling the boundaries of the fairways featuring thick and high grass or natural, unkempt vegetation is called the rough.

21	0 0 Rough The area on the golf course where the grass is longer and thicker than the fairway.

22	0 0 Rough The area of long grass that surrounds the fairway. Considered a type of hazard and makes for difficult play.

23	0 0 Rough Playing area off of the fairway that proves to be more difficult to make a successful shot. Can be tall grass, weeds, bushes, trees, brush, etc.

24	0 0 Rough grass adjoining the fairway, kept longer making for a more difficult shot.

25	0 0 Rough grass that is cut at a higher length than that on the fairway, tees and greens. Usually surrounding the golf hole. Example: "A drive that lands in the rough usually doesn’t roll as far a [..]

26	0 0 Rough The less well-maintained parts of the sections are called rough.

27	0 0 Rough Both a noun and a verb. As a verb, the process of hitting a ball into the rough, as in «I roughed that shot». The rough is the higher cut (or uncut) grass surrounding the fairways and sometimes the greens

28	0 0 Rough Grass that boarders the fairways and green thats generally much higher and thicker than that of the fairway.

29	0 0 Rough Areas outside of the fairway and green on a disc golf hole. In Disc Golf, this is often areas with think vegetation or that are heavily wooded.

30	0 0 Rough Thick grass outside the fairway. Usually creates a more difficult lie.

31

0

0

Rough

Not specifically defined in the Rules of Golf. It is included in “through the green” as follows: “through the green” is the whole area of the course except (a) teeing and the putting green of the hole being played and (b) all hazards on the course. In terms of maintenance, a rough is area of the course surrounding the green, the tee, and th [..]

32	0 0 Rough The high grass area adjacent to the fairway and green.

33	0 0 Rough The tall grass lining each side of the fairway.

34	0 0 Rough The areas of long grass beside the fairway.

35	0 0 Rough not smooth; bumpy

36	0 0 Rough is an area of longer grass lining the fairway. A ball in the rough is more difficult to hit, it slows the club, twists the clubhead.

37	0 0 Rough The grass that is not cut short.

38	0 0 Rough Area of long or unmown grass alongside the fairway that punishes an off line shot, by making the next shot hard to play from the longer grass.

39	0 0 Rough A refined thumbnail sketch for a publication design, done at actual size, with more detail. Roughs are often used for the first client review. See Draft.

40	0 0 Rough Unpolished suede-like leather, which was primarily used for binding of reference books, music scores, working manuals, and similar books, since the 18th century. Also known as reversed calf.

41	0 0 Rough Calfskin given a suede-like nap, instead of the usual polished surface, used in binding from the 17th century on. Synonymous with reversed calf.

42	0 0 Rough approximate

43	0 0 Rough the tactile “coarse” sensation one experiences with very astringent wines

44	0 0 Rough Noun. A person for a bit of easy sex but below one’s usual standard. Adj. Unpleasant, unsavoury. {Informal}

45	0 0 Rough A sketch or enhanced thumbnail of a page design or layout that depicts a somewhat accurate representation of the final size and position of all page elements. Roughs are usually drawn on tracing paper by hand. A more formalized design sketch is a comprehensive layout

46	0 0 Rough a preliminary sketch of a proposed design.

47	0 0 Rough In hardware, metal fastenings on cabinets which are usually concealed, like staples

48	0 0 Rough durus, rudis, scaber, asper, incomptus

49	0 0 Rough Usually referred to as the turfgrass area immediately adjacent to and on either side of the fairway. In terms of maintenance, roughs are usually mowed at heights between 1.5 to 2 inches for daily play and up to 4 inches for tournament play.

50	0 0 Rough The area of a pitch that is scuffed up and loosened by the action of a bowler running through in his follow-through. Usually, this will be situated a foot or so outside leg stump, and consequently it [..]

51	0 0 Rough Wave height of 2.5 to 4.0 m

52	0 0 Rough physical

53	0 0 Rough Without any crystal faces. In regard to gemstones it refers to unfaceted material.

54	0 0 Rough Long grass area adjacent to the fairway. Normally you try to avoid the rough.

55	0 0 Rough Driving surface may be rough from construction activities, surface breaks or on gravel highways following extreme weather conditions.

56	0 0 Rough Longer grass on the edges of the course.

57	0 0 Rough The raw or natural state in which the gemstones is found. Back to Top Safety Catch

58	0 0 Rough A style of watercolor paper whose surface has a prominent texture or tooth.

59	0 0 Rough ===Adjective=== ====having a texture that has much friction==== =====Synonyms===== abrasive asperous coarse irregular jagged jaggy rough rugged rugose salebrous obsolete scabrous scraggy uneven unsm [..]

60	0 0 Rough Rough (Japanese: ラフ, Hepburn: Rafu) is a manga series by Mitsuru Adachi. It was published by Shogakukan in Weekly Shōnen Sunday from 1987 to 1989, and collected in 12 tankōbon volumes. The serie [..]

61	0 0 Rough Rough is a former natural gas storage facility situated off the east coast of England. In June 2017, Centrica Storage Ltd announced that gas injection and storage would cease.

62	0 0 Rough Rough may refer to: Roughness Rough (golf), the area outside the fairway on a golf course

63	0 0 Rough Rough is Tina Turner’s third solo studio album, released in September 1978 on the EMI label in the UK, Ariola Records in West Germany, and United Artists Records in the United States. This is Turner’s [..]

64	0 0 Rough Rough is a 2014 Telugu romantic action comedy film directed by C. H. Subba Reddy. The movie is produced by M. Abilash on Sridevi Entertainments Banner while Aadi, Rakul Preet Singh and Srihari play pi [..]

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