В этой статье разберем понятия, относящиеся к работе и карьере. Узнаем, в чем заключается отличие work от job, есть ли разница между profession, career и occupation, а также какие устойчивые выражения существуют со словами post и position.
1. Job, work, labour и employment
Начнем с разницы между job и work.
Job — работа, труд. Это конкретная работа, которая приносит деньги.
Mike’s job hardly lets him make ends meet. — Работа Майка с трудом позволяет ему свести концы с концами.
I got a job in an advertising agency. — Я получила работу в рекламном агентстве.
Второе значение — задача. Это какое-то дело, которое нужно сделать.
The first job in planning a wedding is to make a list of guests. — Первая задача при планировании свадьбы — формирование списка гостей.
I can spend several hours doing various jobs around the house. — Я могу потратить несколько часов на выполнение разных дел по дому.
Следующее значение — обязанность. Синонимы — duty, responsibility.
My job is to book tickets for our managers in advance. — Моя обязанность — заблаговременно бронировать билеты для наших менеджеров.
I am your mother and my job is to take care of you. — Я твоя мама, и моя обязанность — заботиться о тебе.
Поговорим теперь про work. Его основное значение — работа, за которую платят деньги. Отличие work от job заключается в том, что слово job — исчисляемое, может употребляться во множественном числе, а work — неисчисляемое. Сравните:
A janitor has hard work indeed. — У уборщика действительно трудная работа.
Mike has a hard job as a janitor. — У Майка трудная работа уборщиком.
Другое значение — место, где вы обычно работаете.
Do you have to commute to work? — Тебе приходится ездить на работу в город?
Глагол to work обозначает «работать», «выполнять задачу».
My son wants to work in IT when he grows up. — Мой сын хочет работать в IT, когда вырастет.
Now I’m working on that challenging project. — Сейчас я работаю над этим многообещающим проектом.
Рассмотрим два других похожих слова — labour и employment. Существительное labour (труд) — неисчисляемое, обычно оно используется в отношении физической работы.
He has loved manual labour since he was a child. — Он любил физический труд с детства.
Еще одно значение labour — люди, персонал.
Lots of big companies look for cheap labour. — Многие большие компании ищут дешевую рабочую силу.
Employment — это постоянная занятость, работа, за которую вам регулярно платят.
My neighbour Bill found the employment with a law company. — Мой сосед Билл нашел работу в юридической компании.
Employment has decreased among teenagers recently. — В последнее время занятость среди подростков сократилась.
Еще одно значение слова employment — использование, применение.
The employment of capital punishment is prohibited in many countries. — Применение смертной казни запрещено во многих странах.
Давайте посмотрим на устойчивые выражения со словами labour, employment, job и work.
| Слово/Словосочетание | Перевод |
|---|---|
| Job | |
| a job seeker | соискатель |
| a permanent job | постоянная работа |
| a temporary job | временная работа |
| a full-time job | занятость на полный рабочий день |
| a part-time job | частичная занятость |
| a well-paid job | хорошо оплачиваемая работа |
| a low-paid job | плохо оплачиваемая работа |
| an odd job | подработка, разовая работа |
| jobs for the boys | трудоустройство по блату |
| job losses | сокращение числа рабочих мест |
| between jobs, jobless | безработный |
| to apply for a job | откликнуться на вакансию |
| to take a job, to accept a job | принять предложение по работе |
| to be out of a job | быть без работы |
| to create jobs | создавать новые рабочие места |
| to shed jobs | сокращать количество рабочих мест |
| to take on a job | взяться за какую-то задачу |
| Work | |
| paperwork | работа с документами |
| all work and no play | сплошная работа без отдыха и развлечений |
| to work for smb | сработать кому-то на руку |
| to work against smb | сработать против кого-то |
| to be at work | быть на работе |
| to get to work on smth, to go to work on smth, to set to work on smth | начать работать над чем-то |
| to be in the works | быть в работе, быть в процессе разработки |
| to have your work cut out for you | выполнять сложную работу |
| to make short work of smth, to make light work of smth, to make quick work of smth | быстро справиться с задачей |
| to work in smth, to work with smth | работать с чем-то |
| to work for a company | работать на компанию |
| to work your socks off | много и упорно работать |
| to work things out | разобраться в чем-то |
| Labour | |
| a labour shortage | нехватка рабочей силы |
| sweated labour | тяжелая низкооплачиваемая работа |
| manual labour | физический труд |
| skilled labour | квалифицированный персонал |
| unskilled labour | неквалифицированный персонал |
| casual labour | временные сотрудники |
| organized labour | рабочие, которые состоят в профсоюзах |
| fruits of your labour | плоды трудов |
| labour law | трудовое право |
| forced labour | принудительный труд |
| labour-saving | экономящий трудозатраты |
| labour-intensive | трудоемкий |
| Employment | |
| an employment office | биржа труда |
| an employment agency | агентство по подбору персонала |
| an employment agreement, an employment contract | трудовой договор |
| employment rates, employment levels | уровень занятости |
| unemployment | безработица |
| employment conditions | условия приема на работу |
| employment rights | права наемного работника |
| smb’s place of employment | чье-либо место занятости |
| casual employment | временная занятость |
| permanent employment, continuous employment | постоянная занятость |
| employment data, employment figures, employment records | статистические данные о занятости |
| to look for employment, to seek employment | искать работу |
| to take up employment, to gain employment, to secure employment | найти работу |
| to provide employment, to create employment, to generate employment | обеспечить занятость |
| to give smb employment, to offer smb employment | предложить кому-то работу |
| to boost employment, to increase employment | повысить уровень занятости |
2. Profession, occupation, career, vocation и calling
Перейдем к разнице между profession и occupation. Profession — это профессия.
The medical profession is respected by plenty of people. — Профессию медика уважают многие люди.
People in his profession are committed to their jobs entirely. — В его профессии люди посвящают себя работе целиком.
My father is a vet by profession. — Мой отец ветеринар по профессии.
Второе значение слова — представители профессии.
The legal profession tells us we should know all the laws in order not to break them. — Юристы говорят нам, что мы должны знать все законы, чтобы их не нарушать.
Occupation — это род деятельности, занятость, работа. Это синоним слова job, который используется в формальном языке.
Fill in this form: state your full name, phone number, and occupation. — Заполните эту форму: укажите ваше полное имя, номер телефона и род деятельности.
According to the research, the majority of respondents are in manual occupations. — Согласно исследованию, большинство респондентов заняты физическим трудом.
Еще это существительное используют для обозначения регулярной деятельности или увлечения.
I have to admit that my favourite occupation is lying on the sofa. — Должна признаться, что мое любимое занятие — лежать на диване.
Playing board games is our usual weekend occupation. — Игра в настольные игры — наше обыкновенное занятие по выходным.
Есть слова, синонимичные profession и occupation. Career — это карьера, профессия, которой человек посвящает большую часть своей жизни.
Richard was 25 when he decided on his academic career. — Ричарду было 25, когда он решил строить научную карьеру.
Слова vocation и calling синонимичны и означают «призвание», «дело всей жизни».
Not so many people in the world are lucky enough to find their true vocation. — Не так многим людям в мире везет найти свое настоящее призвание.
I don’t think that management is my calling, I’d rather switch to science. — Не думаю, что менеджмент — мое призвание, я бы лучше переключилась на науку.
Если не удалось найти свое призвание, говорят to miss one’s vocation, а фраза to have a vocation for smth — иметь призвание к чему-либо.
To become an astronaut, you should really have a vocation for it. — Чтобы стать астронавтом, нужно иметь настоящее призвание к этому.
Если вы усвоили разницу между profession, career и occupation, обратите внимание на устойчивые выражения с этими словами.
| Слово/Словосочетание | Перевод |
|---|---|
| Profession | |
| a member of a profession | представитель профессии |
| the caring professions | социальные работники; няни; медсестры |
| to go into a profession, to enter a profession, to join a profession, to enter a profession | приобрести профессию |
| to leave a profession | уйти из профессии |
| to reach the top of your profession, to be at the top of your profession | достигнуть вершины в профессии |
| Occupation | |
| an occupational hazard | риск, связанный с работой |
| the main occupation | основной род занятий |
| current occupation | текущая деятельность |
| previous occupation | предыдущая деятельность |
| occupational health | охрана труда |
| blue-collar occupations | занятость в рабочих профессиях |
| white-collar occupations | занятость умственным трудом |
| to take up an occupation, to enter an occupation | заняться деятельностью |
| Career | |
| a chequered career | карьера с чередой успехов и провалов |
| a distinguished career, a successful career, a glittering career | выдающаяся карьера |
| the peak of smb’s career, the height of smb’s career | пик чьей-либо карьеры |
| career-minded | нацеленный на карьеру |
| smb’s career takes off | чья-то карьера идет в гору |
| to pursue a career, to embark on a career, to follow a career | выбрать карьеру |
| to launch a career | начать карьеру |
| to end smb’s career, to ruin smb’s career | погубить чью-либо карьеру |
3. Post и position
Слова post и position переводятся как «пост», «должность» и зачастую взаимозаменяемы. Однако post чаще всего используется в значении, когда человек назначается на должность, которая связана с переездом в другой город или страну и носит временный характер, например a diplomatic post (дипломатический пост). Position же употребляется в отношении должности в какой-то конкретной компании, например the position of the head of human resources (должность начальника отдела кадров).
She was offered a good teaching post in Texas. — Ей предложили хорошую должность учителя в Техасе.
There are three vacant positions in the company. — В компании сейчас три вакантные должности.
Давайте запомним несколько устойчивых выражений со словами post и position:
| Слово/Словосочетание | Перевод |
|---|---|
| a senior post/position, a chief post/position, a key post/position | руководящая должность |
| to take up a post/position, to accept a post/position | вступить в должность |
| to hold the post/position, to remain in a post/position | занимать должность |
| to fill a post/position | нанять на должность |
| to advertise a post/position | дать объявление о вакансии |
| to resign from a post/position, to leave a post/position | покинуть должность |
| to be removed from a post/position, to be dismissed from a post/position | быть снятым с должности |
| to appoint smb to a post | назначить кого-либо на должность |
Надеемся, вы разобрались в отличии work от job, разнице между profession, career и occupation, а также запомнили устойчивые выражения со словами post и position. Предлагаем пройти тест, чтобы закрепить изученное.
Тест по теме «Разница между job, work, profession, occupation и другими синонимами»
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Recent Examples on the Web
In addition to Margot Robbie as the titular toy, the cast of the film includes a whole plastic panoply of other Barbies, each of whom embodies a different one of the many, many jobs that the character has held over the years.
—
Philip Ellis, Men’s Health, 5 Apr. 2023
But at one point, long before cameras were rolling, the actor felt reluctant about taking the job.
—Samantha Stutsman, Peoplemag, 4 Apr. 2023
Here are some of those jobs.
—Lauren Weber, WSJ, 4 Apr. 2023
The cynical take on Altman was put forth by Brian Merchant in an op-ed in the Los Angeles Times—namely, that fear-mongering about A.I., particularly about its ability to replace lots of people’s jobs, only serves to hype the power of existing technologies and OpenAI’s brand, boosting its sales.
—Jeremy Kahn, Fortune, 4 Apr. 2023
Calabasas baseball coach Thomas Cassidy will also take on the job as athletic director for the Coyotes. . .
—Eric Sondheimer, Los Angeles Times, 3 Apr. 2023
As the auto industry struggles to fill good-paying jobs, Ford unveils a new strategy.
—Nicole Fallert, USA TODAY, 3 Apr. 2023
Part of her job at Inpathy is to enforce the one-strike policy and ensure that user experiences on the app are inclusive and human-centered, Smith said.
—Nour Rahal, Detroit Free Press, 3 Apr. 2023
These stars attended Celebrity Fight Night in Phoenix Many of the open Chandler jobs listed pay from about $17 per hour to $47,000 per year.
—Russ Wiles, The Arizona Republic, 3 Apr. 2023
In an effort to connect Louisville’s homeless population with more services, a van funded by Goodwill Industries of Kentucky is set to hit the streets in a program that would transport participants to job sites in exchange for stipends, housing and other services.
—Ayana Archie, The Courier-Journal, 6 Apr. 2021
Could job loss affect stimulus payments?
—Stephanie Toone, ajc, 5 Mar. 2021
What questions should job candidates be asking to assess a corporation’s commitment to racial equity?
—Janice Gassam Asare, Forbes, 25 Dec. 2021
And as the labor shortage stretches on, and workers continue to job hop with abandon, companies are in no place to ignore their wishes.
—Katie Johnston, BostonGlobe.com, 30 Nov. 2022
Should job losses become significant, demand for apartments in Manhattan may drop as people double up or leave the city, resulting in less pressure on prices.
—Anna Bahney For Cnn Business, CNN, 11 Aug. 2022
And many are willing to job hop to find the best fit.
—Danielle Abril, Washington Post, 11 Aug. 2022
The Great Resignation is still going strong, and Gen Z is more likely to job hop than generations before them.
—Jane Thier, Fortune, 1 Aug. 2022
The Masters champion, buoyed by an eagle that came courtesy of a 157-yard can job on the 560-yard par-5 eighth, sat solo atop the US Open leaderboard at 6-under par.
—Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com, 18 June 2022
The students Cruzvergara work with often underplay their non-job experiences.
—Fortune, 1 June 2022
The City Council has been taking numerous anti-job actions, driving out employment from the city.
—Star Tribune, 21 May 2021
That’s where the Supreme Court’s anti-job discrimination decision could play a critical role.
—Sy Mukherjee, Fortune, 15 June 2020
See More
These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘job.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.
- Albanian: punë (sq) f
- Arabic: عَمَل (ar) m (ʕamal), وَظِيفَة (ar) f (waẓīfa), مِهْنَة f (mihna), شُغْل m (šuḡl), مِهْنَة f (mihna)
- Egyptian Arabic: وظيفة f (waẓīfa), شغل m (šuḡl), شغلانة f (šuḡlana), مهنة f (mehna)
- Hejazi Arabic: وظيفة f (waẓīfa), شُغُل m (šuḡul)
- Armenian: աշխատանք (hy) (ašxatankʿ), գործ (hy) (gorc), պաշտոն (hy) (pašton)
- Azerbaijani: iş (az), vəzifə (az)
- Bashkir: эш (eş)
- Belarusian: рабо́та f (rabóta), пра́ца (be) f (práca)
- Bengali: কাজ (bn) (kaj)
- Bulgarian: ра́бота (bg) f (rábota), заная́т (bg) m (zanaját)
- Burmese: အလုပ် (my) (a.lup)
- Catalan: treball (ca) m, feina (ca) f
- Central Dusun: pakalajaan
- Central Franconian: Berof
- Chichewa: ntchito
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 工作 (gung1 zok3)
- Dungan: хуә (huə), гунзуә (gunzuə)
- Mandarin: 工作 (zh) (gōngzuò), 崗位／岗位 (zh) (gǎngwèi), 職業／职业 (zh) (zhíyè), 職務／职务 (zh) (zhíwù)
- Min Nan: 頭路／头路 (zh-min-nan) (thâu-lō͘)
- Czech: práce (cs) f
- Danish: arbejde (da) n, job (da) n
- Dutch: werk (nl) n, job (nl) f, beroep (nl) n, baan (nl) m or f
- Esperanto: laboro (eo), posteno
- Estonian: töö (et)
- Finnish: työ (fi)
- French: travail (fr) m, emploi (fr) m, métier (fr) m, (colloquial) boulot (fr) m, (colloquial) job (fr) m, poste (fr) m
- Georgian: სამუშაო (samušao), საქმე (sakme)
- German: Arbeit (de) f, Job (de) m, Beruf (de) m, Stelle (de) f, Anstellung (de) f
- Alemannic German: Prueff m
- Greek: εργασία (el) f (ergasía), (colloquial) δουλειά (el) f (douleiá)
- Hebrew: עֲבוֹדָה (he) (‘avodá), מִשְׂרָה (he) f (misrá)
- Hindi: काम (hi) m (kām), कार (hi) m (kār), नौकरी (hi) f (naukrī)
- Hungarian: állás (hu), munka (hu), beosztás (hu)
- Icelandic: vinna (is) f, starf (is) n
- Indonesian: pekerjaan (id)
- Irish: post m, obair f, jab m
- Italian: lavoro (it) m, mestiere (it) m
- Japanese: 仕事 (ja) (しごと, shigoto), ジョブ (jobu), (part-time) バイト (ja) (baito)
- Kazakh: жұмыс (kk) (jūmys), іс (kk) (ıs)
- Khmer: ការងារ (km) (kaa ngiə)
- Korean: 직업(職業) (ko) (jigeop), 일자리 (ko) (iljari), 일 (ko) (il), 아르바이트 (ko) (areubaiteu) (part-time), 알바 (alba) (part-time, abbreviation)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: kar (ku) m
- Kyrgyz: жумуш (ky) (jumuş), иш (ky) (iş)
- Lao: ນັກງານ (nak ngān), ງານ (ngān), ການ (lo) (kān)
- Latin: negōtium n
- Latvian: darbs m
- Lithuanian: darbas (lt) m
- Macedonian: работа (mk) f (rabota)
- Malay: pekerjaan (ms)
- Malayalam: ജോലി (ml) (jōli), തൊഴിൽ (ml) (toḻil), പണി (ml) (paṇi)
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: ажил (mn) (ažil)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: jobb (no) n, arbeid (no) n
- Oromo: hojii
- Pashto: کار (ps) m (kār), شغل (ps) m (šᶕǧwәl), دنده (ps) f (dánda)
- Persian: شغل (fa) (šoğl), کار (fa) (kâr)
- Plautdietsch: Oabeit f
- Polish: praca (pl) f
- Portuguese: trabalho (pt) m, emprego (pt) m
- Romanian: muncă (ro), slujbă (ro), lucru (ro), treabă (ro)
- Russian: рабо́та (ru) f (rabóta), до́лжность (ru) f (dólžnostʹ), заня́тие (ru) n (zanjátije)
- Samoan: gāluega
- Scottish Gaelic: cosnadh m, obair (gd) f, dreuchd f, car (gd) m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: по̀сао m, ра̏д m
- Roman: pòsao (sh) m, rȁd (sh) m
- Slovak: práca (sk) f
- Slovene: delo (sl) n
- Spanish: trabajo (es) m, empleo (es) m, brete m (Costa Rica, colloquial), camello (es) m (Colombia, Ecuador), chamba (es) f (Mexico, Peru), curro (es) m (Spain), laburo (es) m (Argentina,Chile,Paraguay,Uruguay), pega (es) f (Chile), talacha (es) f (Mexico)
- Swedish: arbete (sv), jobb (sv), anställning (sv), tjänst (sv)
- Tagalog: hanapbuhay, trabaho (tl)
- Tajik: кор (tg) (kor), шуғл (šuġl)
- Tatar: эш (tt) (eş)
- Telugu: ఉద్యోగము (te) (udyōgamu)
- Tetum: knaar
- Thai: การงาน (gaan-ngaan), การ (th) (gaan), งาน (th) (ngaan)
- Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
- Tongan: ngāue
- Turkish: iş (tr)
- Turkmen: iş
- Ukrainian: робо́та (uk) f (robóta), пра́ця (uk) f (prácja)
- Urdu: کام m (kām), کار m (kār), نوکری f (naukrī)
- Uyghur: خىزمەت (xizmet), ئىش (ish)
- Uzbek: ish (uz), xizmat (uz), vazifa (uz)
- Vietnamese: nghề (vi)
- Welsh: swydd (cy) f
- White Hmong: tej num
- Yiddish: אַרבעט f (arbet)
- Zhuang: gunghcoz
For the Biblical book, see Book of Job.
A job is any legal activity that allows an individual to perform a service and in return earn credits she/he can use to buy things.
A job can mean «some work that has to be done», for example: there are jobs to be done in the house: washing up, mending things that are broken, etc.
A job can also mean: work that a person does to earn money. The word «job» may be used when a person works for someone else «an employer» who pays them for the work. For example, a teacher’s job is to teach children or adults. A taxi driver’s job is to drive people in a taxi. A firefighter rescues people from burning buildings and puts out fires. A dermatologist’s job is to diagnose and treat skin diseases. Some jobs pay very little.
The International Labour Organization was established to make people’s job conditions better. It became an organization of the United Nations in 1946.
Related pages[change | change source]
- International Labour Organization
- Constitution
- Constitutional economics
- Full employment
- Unemployment
The term ‘job‘ can mean 1. A full or part-time position of paid employment. 2. A piece of work, usually at a specific price. 3. A specific task people do as part of the routine of their occupation. 4. A duty or responsibility. 5. A project, as in ‘The airport job took twelve months to complete.’ 5. The performance or execution of a task, as in “She did an excellent job.”
Informally, it can also refer to somebody’s pet going to the toilet. For example “I waited for my dog Tommy to do his job, after which we walked home,” means my dog went to the toilet. A bank job can mean a bank robbery, as in ‘There has been a wave of bank jobs in the suburbs.’
The Cambridge Dictionary has the following definition of the term:
“The regular work that a person does to earn money. A particular piece of work. Something that is your responsibility. A problem or activity that is difficult. A crime in which money or goods are stolen.”
Etymology of ‘job’
According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word ‘job’, with the meaning ‘piece of work, something to be done,’ emerged in the English language in Britain in the 1620s, from the phrase Jobbe of Worke (1550s), meaning ‘task, piece of work’.
Some etymologists suggest that it was a variant of Gobbe, which meant ‘mass, lump’, via the sense of ‘a cart-load’.
It was not until the 1650s that the meaning widened to include ‘work people do for pay’.
According to literary records, people first used the term with the meaning ‘a paid, permanent position of employment’ in 1858. From 1795, printers used the word as a slang for ‘piece of work of miscellaneous class’ (handbills, posters, etc.).
In the 1660s, also in Britain, ‘to job’ – as a verb – appeared with the meaning ‘to buy and sell as a broker’.
Types of jobs
In society, most of us have multiple jobs. A person may be an employee, a parent, and homemaker. They are all, in fact, by definition, types of jobs.
People with specialized training in certain types of work, either have a:
– Trade: these are manual jobs. Examples include carpenters, auto mechanics, hairstylists, and bakers. Butchers, plumbers, and tree surgeons are also trades.
To become a tradesperson, you usually have to do a course and complete a period of practical work.
– Profession: for this type of job you need a university qualification. Examples include lawyers, doctors, dentists, architects, librarians, engineers, and pharmacists. Scientists, physicists, teachers, university professors, and geologists are also professions.
Between trades and professions, there are technical and administration jobs. For some of them, you need a university degree.
We call all other positions unskilled jobs. You do not need any formal qualifications for them. Examples include fruit pickers, maids, janitors, retail assistants, farm laborers, cleaners, etc.
Many CEOs of giant multinationals have no college degrees. In fact, many of them started off at the bottom of the employment ladder and worked their way up. Others went into business and became extremely successful and rich.
Richard Branson, the founder and CEO of the Virgin Group, left school at the age of 16. He has dyslexia and performed badly as a student.
In fact, his Headmaster Robert Drayson predicted that Branson would either end up in jail or become a millionaire. Today he has a net worth of over $5 billion.
Is a vocation a job?
A vocation is a type of job to which an individual is especially drawn. In other words, they receive a ‘call’ or a summons from a higher entity.
Originally, the term was used just for religious callings. However, today we consider many several non-religious occupations as vocations. For example, teaching or medicine are vocations.
The vocation of a nurse or doctor is probably to be a ‘healer’.
Vocation may refer to work that is outside a person’s money-earning sphere of activity. For example, an entrepreneur might have a vocation as a Sunday school teacher or a youth sponsor.
Since the American engineer, social reformer and public intellectual Frank Parsons (1854-1908) published his Vocational Guidance in 1908, the use of the term ‘vocation’ has widened to include the notion of people using their talents and capabilities to good effect in selecting and enjoying a career.
Full- and part-time jobs
In a full-time job, people work about thirty-five to forty hours per week. In a part-time job, however, the working week is much shorter.
The number of part-time jobs in the advanced economies has increased considerably since the turn of the century. Specifically, they have increased as a percentage of total jobs.
Jobs can also be categorized as self-employment, consulting, odd jobs, seasonal, temporary, or contract.
Most people receive money for the work they do. However, some don’t. Examples of unpaid jobs include interns, students, homemakers, and caregivers (UK: carers) of family members. Mentors and volunteers are also examples of unpaid work.
There are thousands of different types of jobs. According to the UK’s Office for National Statistics, there are 27,966 different job titles.
What is a day job?
‘Day job’ is a term that typically refers to low-paying work that people have while looking for their dream occupation.
For example, people may wait on tables in a restaurant or serve drinks in a bar while trying to become athletes, actors, musicians, successful authors. Many people also do this type of work while they are studying for a degree.
The implication of ‘day job’ is that the individual would gladly give it up if they managed to make a decent living from their real vocation.
If somebody is told ‘Don’t give up your day job,’ it is a humorous way of telling them that their singing, acting, writing, or artistic ability is bad.
Job Characteristics Theory is a theory of job design developed forty years ago that is widely used today as a framework to study how work outcomes, including employee **satisfaction and productivity, are affected by certain job features.
** Employee satisfaction or job satisfaction is the pleasure we get from doing our job.
Job description
When a company has a job vacancy, it will try to fill it either internally or externally.
It will first write a job description, which includes everything the employee has to do. The description also has details of the salary, bonuses, qualifications required, etc. It will then place the description in a advert.
The advert will appear either on the company’s notice board or externally in newspapers or employment agencies.
Video – What is a good quality job?
According to this OECD video, the quality of the jobs we have matter to our overall well-being.
By the way, emphasizing the ability to *** continue with a single health care insurer in moving from job to job*** is a gaping untapped market of import and would go a long way to address the financial problems, as well as to draw support. ❋ Unknown (2009)
If you have a situation where Cabinet or whoever can vote that the PM is no longer capable of doing the job, that vote should be based on *evidence that the PM is no longer capable of doing the job*. ❋ Mark Reckons (2009)
$workload = $job — > workload (); echo «Received job:». $job — > handle (). «n»; echo «Workload: $workloadn»; ❋ Rasmus (2010)
Stewart noticed that they’ve actually been restricting themselves from using the word «rich» when talking about those affected by the end of the Bush tax cuts, opting instead for the term «job creators.» ❋ Unknown (2011)
Using the term «job creators» is doing exactly the same thing!!! ❋ Unknown (2011)
So I think there is space upon whatever they discover, there’s always the opportunity until we get a term job somewhere else that they would continue to extend the rig from one well to another.
Over the last decade, the word job has gone planetary. ❋ Leslie Dunton-Downer (2010)
Even today, native speakers of English hear in the word job a range of occupational senses from the lowly and hourly to the permanent and fabulously remunerated. ❋ Leslie Dunton-Downer (2010)
But her main job is to produce and shoot the series, which she launched on Facebook in early August. ❋ Virginia Terhune (2010)
A psychotherapist’s main job is to act as a guide in your recovery and healing process. ❋ Dr. John Grohol (2010)
My scenerio does not require the Republicans to go away, just to be irrelevant and be a rump political party with zero chance of affecting policy and whose main job is to act as a foil for the dominate Republican Party. ❋ Unknown (2009)
My main job is to provide a roof over your head, food on the table and money in your pocket. ❋ The Huffington Post (2010)
«Their main job is to present a good image so they have to be good looking,» said the human resources director of the law enforcement bureau. ❋ Tania Branigan In Beijing (2010)
To use an example, if you are a point gurad, your main job is to be able to handle the rock under control and pressure, contol the pace of the game, make sure all your teamates are doing their job correctly and be your coaches on the court general. ❋ Unknown (2009)
when [are you] [gonna] [resign] from your job? ❋ Mademoisellevanta (2015)
❋ Alien Entity (2002)
[Finding a job] is [such a] [pain]. ❋ Loser (2004)
My job allows me to pay endless [bills], envy my friends and [witness] my family [fall apart] ❋ Boule De Feu (2004)
1.) My job sucks.
2.) I hate my job, however i need [the money], so i guess [ill] go for the rest of [my life]. ❋ Ben H. (2003)
❋ Jackass Of Boss (2003)
Most college students, however, end up finding jobs at pizza parlors, janitorial services, garbage-collections, burger/taco/[deli] restaurants, produce-picking at farms, and [baggers]/[stockers] at supermarkets. ❋ AYB (2003)
«My job [sucks] [the BIG one]!» ❋ Megm (2008)
Spending [four years] in college to earn a degree in order to [Retrieve] coffee for the boss while being told working 40 hours a week is not [adequate] job commitment so no raise for another year. ❋ Laney Hansford (2007)
Bills=immediate job [necessity]. But job searching includes knowing which job won’t result in [excruciating] back, ankle, hip, or head pain, *OR* cause so much stress and confusion that [I quit] yet again! ❋ Beyond Irritated (2008)
the occupation and skills of a confectioner
the occupation of athletes who compete for pay
agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life
your occupation or line of work
the particular occupation for which you are trained
the occupation for which you are paid
the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed
a job in an organization
a job involving drudgery and confinement
the skilled practice of a practical occupation
an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
an occupation for which you are especially well suited
the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business
the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies
providing food and services
a job, especially a temporary job
the job of a professional coach
employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time
the work of a minister of religion
the work of a sailor
boxing for money
wrestling for money
a Japanese form of wrestling; you lose if you are forced out of a small ring or if any part of your body (other than your feet) touches the ground
playing golf for money
football played for pay
playing baseball for money
playing basketball for money
playing tennis for money
work that a person is expected to do in a specified time
work paid for according to the quantity produced
the special line of work you have adopted as your career
the principal work of your career
careers in general
employment in or work for another
employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modem
performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others
employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)
the position of member of an honorary academy
the position of accountant
the office of admiral
the post of ambassador
the position of apostle
the position of apprentice
the position of associate (as in an office or academy)
the position of attorney
the office of bailiff
the state of a baronet
the office and dignity of a bishop
the position of cadet
the office of a caliph
the post of captain
the office of cardinal
the position of chairman
the office of chancellor
the position of chaplain
the position of chieftain
the job of clerk
the position or office of commander
the position of comptroller
the post of consul
the position of controller
the position of council member
the position of counselor
the position of a curate
the position of curator
the position of custodian
the position or office of a dean
the position of a director of a business concern
the position of disciple
the position of editor
the office of elder
the office of an emir
the status of a father
the status of a religious leader
the position of foreman
the office and authority of a general
the office of governor
the position of head
the position of headmaster or headmistress
a difficult position where you are subjected to stress and criticism
the office of an incumbent
the office of inspector
the position of instructor
the position of a medical intern
the position of judge
the position of a khan
the post of lecturer
the post or office of legate
the office of legislator
the position of librarian
the position of a lieutenant
the position of magistrate
the position of manager
the status of being a man
the post of marshall
the position of master
the position of mayor
the position of messiah
the position of moderator
the position of overlord
the position of pastor
the state of being a peasant
a highly desirable position or assignment
the office of praetor
the position of precentor
the position of preceptor
the office of prefect
the office or station of a prelate
the office of premier
the office and function of president
the office of primate
the post of principal
the office of prior
the position of proconsul
the position of proctor
the position of professor
the position of protector
a position concerning the people as a whole
the office or function of a rabbi
the office of a receiver
the office or station of a rector
the office of a regent
the position of physician who is receiving special training in a hospital (usually after completing an internship)
the position of ruler
the status and dignity of a saint
the position of secretary
the position and authority of a feudal lord
the office of senator
an office that involves minimal duties
the position of solicitor
the position of Speaker
the position of steward
the position of student
the position of teacher
the position of thane
the position and power of an exalted person (a sovereign or bishop) who is entitled to sit in a chair of state on ceremonial occasions
the position of treasurer
the position of tribune
the position of trustee
the office and function of a vice president
the position of viceroy
the position of vizier
the position of warden
the position of warder
the status of a woman
a career in industrial or commercial or professional activities
the craft of building and repairing airplanes
the craft of building and repairing automobiles
the craft of basket making
the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood
the craft of drawing blueprints
the craft of making dresses
the craft of an electrician
the trade of planning the layout and furnishings of an architectural interior
the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber
the craft of a mason
the craft of an oculist
the occupation of a house painter
the craft of making paper
the occupation of a pilot
the occupation of a plumber (installing and repairing pipes and fixtures for water or gas or sewage in a building)
the craft of making earthenware
one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles
the profession or art of a writer
the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media
the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs
the craft of making fireworks
the shoemaker’s trade
the craft of a roofer
the craft of doing sheet metal work (as in ventilation systems)
the laying on of shingles
the occupation of a tailor
the craft of making special tools and dies
keeping account of the costs of items in production
the activity of recording business transactions
accounting that controls and evaluates inventory
a craft that requires skillful hands
the job of delivering newspapers regularly
act or process of minting coins
making leather from rawhide
the practical application of science to commerce or industry
the craft of composing type and printing from it
the trade of a funeral director
the craft of upholstering
the craft and science of growing grapes and making wine
Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
Job 1
(jōb)
In the Bible, an upright man whose faith in God survived the test of repeated calamities.
Job 2
(jōb)
[After Job.]
job 1
(jŏb)
n.
1.
a. A regular activity performed in exchange for payment, especially as one’s trade, occupation, or profession: Her job is doing drug research.
b. A position of employment: How many jobs are open at the factory?
2.
a. A task that must be done: Let’s finish this job before we start another.
b. A specified duty or responsibility: Your job is to watch the kids while we’re away. See Synonyms at task.
c. Informal A difficult or strenuous task: It’s a real job getting people to help out at these events.
3.
a. A specific piece of work to be done for a set fee: an expensive repair job.
b. The object to be worked on: Those overgrown shrubs are a big job.
c. Something resulting from or produced by work: I like the job they did on those shrubs.
4. An operation done to improve one’s appearance, or the result of such an operation. Often used in combination: a face job.
5. Computers A program application that may consist of several steps but is performed as a single logical unit.
6. Informal A state of affairs: Their marriage was a bad job from the start. It’s a good job that we left early to avoid the traffic.
7. Informal A criminal act, especially a robbery: a bank job.
8. Informal An example of a specified type, especially of something made or constructed. Often used in combination: a new building that is just another glass and steel job; a cowboy hat that is one of those ten-gallon jobs.
v. jobbed, job·bing, jobs
v.intr.
1. To work at odd jobs.
2. To work by the piece.
3. To act as a jobber.
v.tr.
1. To purchase (merchandise) from manufacturers and sell it to retailers.
2. To arrange for (contracted work) to be done in portions by others; subcontract.
3. To transact (official business) dishonestly for private profit.
Idioms:
do a job on
1. To damage, harm, or worsen: The stylist did a real job on my hair.
2. To defecate on.
on the job
1. Paying close attention; on the alert.
2. At work; at one’s place of business: Employees are not allowed to smoke while on the job.
[Perhaps from obsolete jobbe, piece, alteration of Middle English gobbe, lump; see gob1.]
job 2
(jŏb) Chiefly Southern
tr. & intr.v. jobbed, job·bing, jobs
To jab or make a jab.
[Middle English jobben, of imitative origin.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
job
(dʒɒb)
n
1. an individual piece of work or task
2. an occupation; post of employment
3. an object worked on or a result produced from working
4. a duty or responsibility: her job was to cook the dinner.
5. informal a difficult task or problem: I had a job to contact him.
6. a state of affairs: make the best of a bad job; it’s a good job I saw you.
7. informal a damaging piece of work: he really did a job on that.
8. informal a crime, esp a robbery or burglary
9. informal an article or specimen: the new car was a nice little job.
10. an instance of jobbery
11. (Computer Science) computing a unit of work for a computer consisting of a single complete task submitted by a user
12. jobs for the boys appointments given to or created for allies or favourites
13. on the job
a. actively engaged in one’s employment
b. Brit taboo engaged in sexual intercourse
14. just the job exactly what was required
vb, jobs, jobbing or jobbed
15. (intr) to work by the piece or at casual jobs
16. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) to make a private profit out of (a public office, etc)
17. (Stock Exchange)
a. to buy and sell (goods or services) as a middleman: he jobs in government surplus.
b. Brit to buy and sell stocks and shares as a stockjobber: he jobs in blue chips.
18. (Commerce) (often foll by: out) to apportion (a contract, work, etc) among several contractors, workers, etc
[C16: of uncertain origin]
Job
(dʒəʊb)
n
1. (Bible) Old Testament
a. a Jewish patriarch, who maintained his faith in God in spite of the afflictions sent by God to test him
b. the book containing Job’s pleas to God under these afflictions, attempted explanations of them by his friends, and God’s reply to him
2. any person who withstands great suffering without despairing
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
job
(dʒɒb)
n., v. jobbed, job•bing,
adj. n.
1. a piece of work, esp. a specific task done as part of the routine of one’s occupation or for an agreed price.
2. a post of employment; position.
3. any task or project.
4. a responsibility; duty: It is your job to be on time.
5. the execution or performance of a task: to do a good job.
6. the material or item being worked upon.
7. a state of affairs; matter: to make the best of a bad job.
8. a difficult task: We had a job getting him to agree.
9. Informal. an example of a specific type: That little sports job is a great car.
10. Slang. a theft or similar crime.
11. a public or official act or decision done for improper private gain.
12. a unit of work for a computer.
v.i.
13. to work at jobs or odd pieces of work; work by the piece.
14. to do business as a jobber.
15. to turn public business improperly to private gain.
v.t.
16. to assign (work, a contract for work, etc.) in separate portions, as to different contractors or workers (often fol. by out).
17. to buy in large quantities from wholesalers or manufacturers and sell to dealers in smaller quantities.
18. to swindle or trick.
19. to carry on (public business) for improper private gain.
adj.
20. of or for a particular job or transaction.
21. bought, sold, or handled together: to buy in job quantities.
Idioms:
1. do a job on,
a. to damage or destroy.
b. to deceive; snow.
2. on the job,
a. while working; at work.
b. on the alert.
[1620–30; orig. uncertain]
Job
(dʒoʊb)
n.
1. the central figure in an Old Testament parable of the righteous sufferer.
2. a book of the Bible bearing his name.
Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
position
– post – job
1. ‘position’ and ‘post’
Someone’s job can be referred to in formal English as their position or post. When advertising or applying for a job, you usually use position or post.
We are looking for someone to fill a senior management position.
I am writing to apply for the post of clerical assistant.
2. ‘job’
In conversation, don’t use ‘position’ or ‘post’. Use job.
He’s afraid of losing his job.
She’s got a really interesting job.
Collins COBUILD English Usage © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 2004, 2011, 2012
job
Past participle: jobbed
Gerund: jobbing
| Imperative |
|---|
| job |
| job |
| Present |
|---|
| I job |
| you job |
| he/she/it jobs |
| we job |
| you job |
| they job |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I jobbed |
| you jobbed |
| he/she/it jobbed |
| we jobbed |
| you jobbed |
| they jobbed |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am jobbing |
| you are jobbing |
| he/she/it is jobbing |
| we are jobbing |
| you are jobbing |
| they are jobbing |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have jobbed |
| you have jobbed |
| he/she/it has jobbed |
| we have jobbed |
| you have jobbed |
| they have jobbed |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was jobbing |
| you were jobbing |
| he/she/it was jobbing |
| we were jobbing |
| you were jobbing |
| they were jobbing |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had jobbed |
| you had jobbed |
| he/she/it had jobbed |
| we had jobbed |
| you had jobbed |
| they had jobbed |
| Future |
|---|
| I will job |
| you will job |
| he/she/it will job |
| we will job |
| you will job |
| they will job |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have jobbed |
| you will have jobbed |
| he/she/it will have jobbed |
| we will have jobbed |
| you will have jobbed |
| they will have jobbed |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be jobbing |
| you will be jobbing |
| he/she/it will be jobbing |
| we will be jobbing |
| you will be jobbing |
| they will be jobbing |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been jobbing |
| you have been jobbing |
| he/she/it has been jobbing |
| we have been jobbing |
| you have been jobbing |
| they have been jobbing |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been jobbing |
| you will have been jobbing |
| he/she/it will have been jobbing |
| we will have been jobbing |
| you will have been jobbing |
| they will have been jobbing |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been jobbing |
| you had been jobbing |
| he/she/it had been jobbing |
| we had been jobbing |
| you had been jobbing |
| they had been jobbing |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would job |
| you would job |
| he/she/it would job |
| we would job |
| you would job |
| they would job |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have jobbed |
| you would have jobbed |
| he/she/it would have jobbed |
| we would have jobbed |
| you would have jobbed |
| they would have jobbed |
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
| Noun | 1. |  job — the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; «he’s not in my line of business»
line of work, occupation, business, line activity — any specific behavior; «they avoided all recreational activity» confectionery — the occupation and skills of a confectioner sport — the occupation of athletes who compete for pay farming, land — agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life; «farming is a strenuous life»; «there’s no work on the land any more» biz, game — your occupation or line of work; «he’s in the plumbing game»; «she’s in show biz» calling, career, vocation — the particular occupation for which you are trained employment, work — the occupation for which you are paid; «he is looking for employment»; «a lot of people are out of work» appointment — the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed; «he applied for an appointment in the treasury» berth, billet, post, situation, position, office, place, spot — a job in an organization; «he occupied a post in the treasury» salt mine, treadmill — a job involving drudgery and confinement craft, trade — the skilled practice of a practical occupation; «he learned his trade as an apprentice» profession — an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences) metier, medium — an occupation for which you are especially well suited; «in law he found his true metier» accountancy, accounting — the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business photography — the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies catering — providing food and services |
| 2. |  job — a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee; «estimates of the city’s loss on that job ranged as high as a million dollars»; «the job of repairing the engine took several hours»; «the endless task of classifying the samples»; «the farmer’s morning chores»
chore, task duty — work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons; «the duties of the job» ball-breaker, ball-buster — a job or situation that is demanding and arduous and punishing; «Vietnam was a ball-breaker» stint — an individual’s prescribed share of work; «her stint as a lifeguard exhausted her» scut work — trivial, unrewarding, tedious, dirty, and disagreeable chores; «the hospital hired him to do scut work» |
|
| 3. | job — a workplace; as in the expression «on the job»;
workplace, work — a place where work is done; «he arrived at work early today» |
|
| 4. | job — an object worked on; a result produced by working; «he held the job in his left hand and worked on it with his right»
product, production — an artifact that has been created by someone or some process; «they improve their product every year»; «they export most of their agricultural production» |
|
| 5. | job — the responsibility to do something; «it is their job to print the truth»
duty, obligation, responsibility — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; «we must instill a sense of duty in our children»; «every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty»- John D.Rockefeller Jr |
|
| 6. | job — the performance of a piece of work; «she did an outstanding job as Ophelia»; «he gave it up as a bad job»
work — activity directed toward making or doing something; «she checked several points needing further work» |
|
| 7. | job — a damaging piece of work; «dry rot did the job of destroying the barn»; «the barber did a real job on my hair»
work — activity directed toward making or doing something; «she checked several points needing further work» |
|
| 8. |  job — a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved; «she and her husband are having problems»; «it is always a job to contact him»; «urban problems such as traffic congestion and smog»
problem difficulty — a condition or state of affairs almost beyond one’s ability to deal with and requiring great effort to bear or overcome; «grappling with financial difficulties» race problem — a social and political problem caused by conflict between races occupying the same or adjacent regions balance-of-payments problem — an economic problem caused by payments for imports being greater than receipts for exports |
|
| 9. | Job — a Jewish hero in the Old Testament who maintained his faith in God in spite of afflictions that tested him | |
| 10. | Job — any long-suffering person who withstands affliction without despairing
unfortunate, unfortunate person — a person who suffers misfortune |
|
| 11. | job — (computer science) a program application that may consist of several steps but is a single logical unit
computer science, computing — the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structures application program, applications programme, application — a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task; «he has tried several different word processing applications» |
|
| 12. | Job — a book in the Old Testament containing Job’s pleas to God about his afflictions and God’s reply
Book of Job Old Testament — the collection of books comprising the sacred scripture of the Hebrews and recording their history as the chosen people; the first half of the Christian Bible Hagiographa, Ketubim, Writings — the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures |
|
| 13. | job — a crime (especially a robbery); «the gang pulled off a bank job in St. Louis»
caper robbery — larceny by threat of violence |
|
| Verb | 1. | job — profit privately from public office and official business
chisel, cheat — engage in deceitful behavior; practice trickery or fraud; «Who’s chiseling on the side?» |
| 2. | job — arranged for contracted work to be done by others
farm out, subcontract hire, employ, engage — engage or hire for work; «They hired two new secretaries in the department»; «How many people has she employed?» |
|
| 3. | job — work occasionally; «As a student I jobbed during the semester breaks»
do work, work — be employed; «Is your husband working again?»; «My wife never worked»; «Do you want to work after the age of 60?»; «She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money»; «She works as a waitress to put herself through college» |
|
| 4. | job — invest at a risk; «I bought this house not because I want to live in it but to sell it later at a good price, so I am speculating»
speculate invest, commit, put, place — make an investment; «Put money into bonds» bull — try to raise the price of stocks through speculative buying |
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
job
noun
1. position, post, function, capacity, work, posting, calling, place, business, office, trade, field, career, situation, activity, employment, appointment, craft, profession, occupation, placement, vocation, livelihood, métier the pressure of being the first woman in the job
2. task, concern, duty, charge, work, business, role, operation, affair, responsibility, function, contribution, venture, enterprise, undertaking, pursuit, assignment, stint, chore, errand Their main job is to preserve health rather than treat illness.
3. (Informal) difficulty, problem, hassle (informal), trouble, hard work With all these different pensions, you’re going to have a job to keep track.
just the job perfect, excellent, ideal, supreme, superb, splendid, sublime, superlative This bag is just the job for travelling.
Quotations
«If you have a job without aggravations, you don’t have a job» [Malcolm S. Forbes]
«Everyone sees life through their job. To the doctor the world is a hospital, to the broker it is a stock exchange, to the lawyer a vast criminal court» [Alasdair Gray Janine]
«McJob: A low-pay, low-prestige, low-dignity, low-benefit, no-future job in the service sector» [Douglas Coupland Generation X]
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002
job
noun
1. Activity pursued as a livelihood:
art, business, calling, career, craft, employment, line, métier, occupation, profession, pursuit, trade, vocation, work.
3. A piece of work that has been assigned:
4. The proper activity of a person or thing:
5. Informal. A difficult or tedious undertaking:
The American Heritage® Roget’s Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Translations
مهمةمُهِمَّه، واجِبمِهْنَه، وظيفَهوَظِيفَةٌ
práceúkolzaměstnání
jobtingarbejde
työtyöskennellätehdä töitätehdä työtätehtävä
posao
verkefnivinnastarfstarf, atvinnaverk
職
직업
negotium
numoti į ką rankaturėti vargo
darbsuzdevums
delozaposlitev
jobb
งาน
công việc
Job
[dʒəʊb] N → Job
Job’s comforter el que queriendo animar a otro le desconsuela todavía más
job
[dʒɒb]
A. N
4. (= duty, responsibility) my job is to sell them → yo estoy encargado de venderlos
that’s not my job → eso no me incumbe a mí, eso no me toca a mí
he’s only doing his job → está cumpliendo con su deber, nada más
I had the job of telling him → a mí me tocó decírselo
5. (= undertaking) it’s quite a job, bringing up five children → es una tarea bastante dura, criar a cinco hijos
6. (= difficulty) to have a (hard) job doing/to do sth: we’re having a hard job keeping up with the demand → nos está costando trabajo satisfacer la demanda
we had quite a job getting here! → ¡vaya que nos costó (trabajo) llegar!
we’ll have a (hard) job to finish it in time → nos va a costar mucho trabajo terminarlo a tiempo
8. (= crime) → golpe m
he was planning a bank job → planeaba un golpe en un banco
he was caught doing a bank job → lo cogieron or (LAm) agarraron asaltando un banco
that warehouse job → ese robo en el almacén
see also put-up
10. (Brit) (child language) to do a job → hacer caca
Collins Spanish Dictionary — Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
job
[ˈdʒɒb]
n
(= piece of work) → travail m
That was a difficult job → C’était un travail difficile.
to do a good job of it, to make a good job of it (= do sth well) → faire du bon travail
to do a good job of doing sth, to make a good job of doing sth
He’s doing a good job of running the company → Il dirige bien la société.
on the job (= while working) → sur le tas
They learn on the job → Ils apprennent sur le tas.
the pay after five years on the job
BUT le salaire au bout de cinq ans de maison.
(= responsibility) → travail m
sb’s job is to do sth
It’s not my job to look after your children → Ce n’est pas mon travail de surveiller tes enfants.
he’s only doing his job (= what he has to do) → il ne fait que son travail, il ne fait que son boulot
(= difficulty) to have a job doing sth → avoir du mal à faire qch
I had a job finding it → J’ai eu du mal à le trouver.
it’s a good job that … (= lucky) → c’est heureux que …, c’est une chance que …
just the job! (= the ideal thing) (British) → juste ce qu’il faut!, exactement ce qu’il faut!
modif [cuts] → d’emplois; [prospects] → de travailjob advertisement n → offre f d’emploi, annonce f d’emploijob applicant n → candidat(e) m/f à un poste
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
Job
n (Bibl) → Hiob m, → Job m; the Book of Job → das Buch Hiob; he has the patience of Job → er hat eine Engelsgeduld
job
vi
(= profit from public position) → sein Amt (zu privatem Nutzen) missbrauchen
job
:
job evaluation
n → Arbeitsplatzbewertung f
job hopper
n (inf) jd, der häufig seine Arbeitsstelle wechselt
job
:
job lot
n (Comm) → (Waren)posten m
job printer
n → Akzidenzdrucker m
job
:
job sharer
n jd, der seinen Arbeitsplatz mit anderen teilt
job sharing
n → Arbeitsplatzteilung f, → Jobsharing nt attr scheme → zur Arbeitsplatzteilung
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995
job
(dʒob) noun
1. a person’s daily work or employment. She has a job as a bank-clerk; Some of the unemployed men have been out of a job for four years.
2. a piece of work or a task. I have several jobs to do before going to bed.
give up as a bad job
to decide that (something) is not worth doing, or impossible to do, and so stop doing it.
a good job
a lucky or satisfactory state of affairs. It’s a good job that she can’t hear what you’re saying; He has lost his trumpet, and a good job too!
have a job
to have difficulty. You’ll have a job finishing all this work tonight.
just the job
entirely suitable. These gloves are just the job for gardening.
make the best of a bad job
to do one’s best in difficult circumstances.
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.
job
→ وَظِيفَةٌ práce job Stelle δουλειά empleo työ emploi posao lavoro 職 직업 baan jobb praca emprego работа jobb งาน iş công việc 工作
Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009
job
n. trabajo, empleo; [task] tarea.
English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012
English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Пожалуй, все изучающие английский язык сталкивались с проблемой употребления существительных «job», «work», «career», соответствующих слову «работа» в русском языке. Попробуем разобраться, чем же они отличаются. Вы также познакомитесь с устойчивыми сочетаниями этих слов в английском языке (collocations).
JOB (существительное)
Существительное «job» означает постоянную профессиональную занятость, которую вы выполняете официально и за которую вы получаете денежное вознаграждение (salary). Синонимами слова «занятость» являются существительные «profession» и «occupation». Вы можете иметь работу на полный рабочий день (a full-time job), когда продолжительность рабочей недели составляет примерно 40 часов, или работу на неполный рабочий день (a part-time job), что составляет 25 часов в неделю.
Например,
I found a part-time job in my area. – Я нашел работу с неполной занятостью в своей области.
Do you need help finding a full-time job? — Вам нужна помощь в поиске работы на полный рабочий день?
Все люди хотя бы однажды занимались поиском работы (to look for a job). В английском языке для обозначения этого процесса используются слова «job hunt» и «job search» (поиск работы). Если у вас есть знакомый, который занимается поиском работы, вы можете его спросить:
How’s the job hunt going? – Как идет поиск работы?
Занимаясь поиском работы, мы просматриваем списки вакансий (job listings) в газетах или в интернете. Это небольшие объявления об открытых вакансиях (job openings). А сам процесс обращения в фирму (организацию) с отправлением резюме потенциальному работодателю называется «applying for a job»
Например,
I have applied for a job I am interested in. – Я подала заявление об устройстве на работу, которая меня интересует.
Если компания предлагает вам работу (to offer for a job), а вы соглашаетесь, это означает, что вы получили работу (you have gotten the job).
Давайте посмотрим, каким образом можно охарактеризовать свою работу.
a demanding job — работа, требующая больших усилий
Например,
Being an emergency surgeon is a demanding job – you have to be on call 24 hours a day. — Работа хирурга в отделении неотложной помощи очень ответственная – приходится дежурить круглые сутки.
a fulfilling (rewarding) job – работа, приносящая удовлетворение
Например,
Working with refugee children was one of the most rewarding jobs I’ve had. – Работа с детьми беженцев была самой благодарной работой, которая у меня когда-либо была.
an entry-level job – самая низкая должность, не требующая высокой квалификации, обычно это стартовая должность в компании.
Например,
Daniel got an entry-level job as an administrative assistant. – Даниель получил должность помощника по административным вопросам, не требующую высокой квалификации.
a dead-end job – бесперспективная работа.
Например,
Being a truck driver is a dead-end job. – Работа водителя грузовика бесперспективна.
a high-powered job – влиятельная должность, работа, дающая много полномочий.
Например,
After she published her book, she got a high-powered job as director of a national newspaper. – После того как она опубликовала книгу, ей дали должность директора общенациональной газеты.
a lucrative job – доходная работа, денежная работа.
Например,
My mother wants me to marry a guy with a lucrative job – like a doctor or lawyer. – Мама хочет, чтобы я вышла замуж за человека с высокооплачиваемой работой. Например, за врача или юриста.
Существительное «job» является исчисляемым (a countable noun), т.е. имеет форму множественного числа.
Например,
Right after graduating from college, I worked two jobs so that I could pay off my student loans faster. – Сразу после колледжа я работал на двух работах, чтобы как можно скорее выплатить свой кредит на образование.
Terry has had seven jobs in the past five years. – За последние пять лет Терри семь раз сменил работу.
WORK (существительное и глагол)
Существительное «work» (работа) имеет более общее значение – труд, процесс работы, в то время как «job» имеет более конкретное значение – занимаемая должность, рабочее место, должностные обязанности.
Существительное «work» предполагает выполнение должностных обязанностей, а также означает любую деятельность, не связанную с должностными обязанностями.
Вы можете сказать – work for /at (a company).
Например,
I work at General Motors. – Я работаю в компании «Дженерал Моторс».
Вы также можете сказать – work on (a project/task).
Например,
I am working on a market analysis. – Сейчас я работаю над анализом рынка. I am working on improving customer satisfaction. – Я работаю над тем, чтобы повысить качество обслуживания клиентов.
Вы можете использовать глагол «work» в следующем сочетании: work with (people/objects).
Например,
I work with special needs children. – Я работаю с детьми, имеющими отклонения в развитии.
I work with hazardous chemicals. – Я работаю с вредными химическими веществами.
Существительное «work» также обозначает процесс работы и место работы.
Например,
I start work at 7AM. – Я начинаю работать в 7 утра.
I finish/ leave work at 4.30. – Я заканчиваю работать/ ухожу с работы в 4.30.
В разговорной речи можно использовать выражение «get off work» в значении «leave work».
We go to work by car. – Мы едем на работу на машине.
I went to the bar with some friends from work. – Я ходил в бар с друзьями по работе.
I can’t access Facebook when I am at work. — Находясь на работе, мне нельзя заходить в Фейсбук.
Если же нам предстоит рассказать о конкретном объеме работы, которую мы выполняем, нужно помнить, что существительное «work» не употребляется во множественном числе. В этом случае следует использовать другие существительные.
Например,
I have three projects to do this week. – На этой неделе мне нужно выполнить три проекта.
I have three tasks to do this week. – На этой неделе мне предстоит выполнить три задания.
CAREER (существительное)
«Career» означает весь профессиональный опыт человека и занимаемые им должности на протяжении всей жизни.
Вы можете иметь карьеру в какой-то определенной области (a career in a field) – a career in politics (карьера в политике), a career in finance (карьера в финансовой сфере).
Стоит запомнить несколько устойчивых сочетаний со словом «career»:
embark on a career – начать карьеру
pursue a career — делать карьеру
a promising career — перспективная карьера
a varied career – разнообразная карьера
career prospects — карьерные перспективы
switch careers – менять профессию
career takes off — стремительно взлетать (о карьере)
at the height/ peak of one’s career — на пике карьере
ruin one’s career – погубить свою карьеру
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