Meaning of the word govern

Last Updated:
3 Apr 2023
— Updated example sentences

управлять, определять, регулировать, править, руководить, влиять, направлять

глагол ↓

Словосочетания

to govern / rule an empire — управлять империей  
to govern / rule a state — управлять, править государством  
to govern / run / manage a city амер. — управлять городом  
competence to govern — способность руководить  
to govern the flight — управлять ходом полета  
to govern a country — править страной  
to govern wisely — руководить мудро  
to govern the dative — управлять дательным падежом  
govern the procedure at the conference — руководить ходом конференции  
govern the dative — управлять дательным падежом  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Возможные однокоренные слова

governable  — управляемый, послушный, подчиняющийся
governance  — управление, руководство, власть
governing  — руководящий, основной, контролирующий, главный
government  — правительство, управление, правление, форма правления, провинция, штат
governor  — губернатор, правитель, регулятор, начальник, комендант, хозяин, господин, заведующий
misgovern  — плохо управлять

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: govern
he/she/it: governs
ing ф. (present participle): governing
2-я ф. (past tense): governed
3-я ф. (past participle): governed

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English governen, governe, from Anglo-Norman and Old French governer, guverner, from Latin gubernō, from Ancient Greek κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, govern”).

Pronunciation[edit]

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɡʌvɚn/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɡʌvən/
• Hyphenation: gov‧ern
• Rhymes: -ʌvə(ɹ)n

Verb[edit]

govern (third-person singular simple present governs, present participle governing, simple past and past participle governed)

1. (transitive) To make and administer the public policy and affairs of; to exercise sovereign authority in.

   The old king governed the land wisely.

2. (intransitive) To exercise political authority; to run a government.
3. (transitive) To control the actions or behavior of; to keep under control; to restrain.

   Govern yourselves like civilized people.

   a student who could not govern his impulses

   • 2016, Justin Deschamps, Find the strength, courage, and discipline to govern yourself or be governed by someone else.

     Find the strength, courage, and discipline to govern yourself or be governed by someone else.

4. (transitive) To exercise a deciding or determining influence on.

   Chance governs the outcome of many card games.

5. (intransitive) To have or exercise a determining influence.
6. (transitive, obsolete) To handle, to manage, to oversee (a matter, an affair, a household, etc.).
7. (transitive) To control the speed, flow etc. of; to regulate.

   a valve that governs fuel intake

   • 1968 April 18, National Transportation Safety Board, “2.1 Analysis”, in Aircraft Accident Report: Mohawk Airlines, Inc., BAC 1-11, N1116J, Near Blossburg, Pennsylvania, June 23, 1967‎^[1], archived from the original on 24 June 2022, page 33:

     The weight and c.g. of the aircraft were within limits at takeoff and were calculated to have remained so until the tail began to disintegrate in flight. Both engines were developing a high level of power at impact, and the APU was rotating at or near governed speed. The landing gear, flaps, and spoiler/speed brakes were retracted. There was no evidence of structural or system failures other than those directly resulting from the fire.

8. (transitive, obsolete) To direct the course of, to guide in some direction, to steer.
9. (transitive, obsolete) To look after, to take care of, to tend to (someone or some plant).

   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

     from my vncles country of Medea,
     Where all my youth I haue bene gouerned, […]

10. (transitive, obsolete) To manage, to control, to work (a tool or mechanical device).
11. (transitive, grammar) To require that a certain preposition, grammatical case, etc. be used with a word; sometimes used synonymously with collocate.

Derived terms[edit]

• self-govern

[edit]

Translations[edit]

Noun[edit]

govern (plural governs)

1. The act of governing

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the verb governar, or possibly from Late Latin gubernus or gubernius^[1], from Latin gubernum or gubernō.

Pronunciation[edit]

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ɡoˈvɛɾn/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ɡuˈbɛrn/

Noun[edit]

govern m (plural governs)

1. government

[edit]

• governar

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• “govern” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “govern” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “govern” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

For the executive of parliamentary systems referred to as the government, see Executive (government).

A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.

In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy.

While all types of organizations have governance, the term government is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations.

The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, authoritarian and totalitarian regimes.^[1] Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governments are common. The main aspect of any philosophy of government is how political power is obtained, with the two main forms being electoral contest and hereditary succession.

Definitions and etymology

A government is the system to govern a state or community. The Columbia Encyclopedia defines government as «a system of social control under which the right to make laws, and the right to enforce them, is vested in a particular group in society».^[2] While all types of organizations have governance, the word government is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments on Earth, as well as their subsidiary organizations, such as state and provincial governments as well as local governments.^[3]

The word government derives from the Greek verb κυβερνάω [kubernáo] meaning to steer with a gubernaculum (rudder), the metaphorical sense being attested in the literature of classical antiquity, including Plato’s Ship of State.^[4] In British English, «government» sometimes refers to what’s also known as a «ministry» or an «administration», i.e., the policies and government officials of a particular executive or governing coalition. Finally, government is also sometimes used in English as a synonym for rule or governance.^[5]

In other languages, cognates may have a narrower scope, such as the government of Portugal, which is actually more similar to the concept of «administration».

History

Earliest governments

The moment and place that the phenomenon of human government developed is lost in time; however, history does record the formations of early governments. About 5,000 years ago, the first small city-states appeared.^[6] By the third to second millenniums BC, some of these had developed into larger governed areas: Sumer, ancient Egypt, the Indus Valley civilization, and the Yellow River civilization.^[7]

The development of agriculture and water control projects were a catalyst for the development of governments.^[8] On occasion a chief of a tribe was elected by various rituals or tests of strength to govern his tribe, sometimes with a group of elder tribesmen as a council. The human ability to precisely communicate abstract, learned information allowed humans to become ever more effective at agriculture,^[9] and that allowed for ever increasing population densities.^[6] David Christian explains how this resulted in states with laws and governments.

As farming populations gathered in larger and denser communities, interactions between different groups increased and the social pressure rose until, in a striking parallel with star formation, new structures suddenly appeared, together with a new level of complexity. Like stars, cities and states reorganize and energize the smaller objects within their gravitational field.^[6]

Modern governments

Starting at the end of the 17th century, the prevalence of republican forms of government grew. The English Civil War and Glorious Revolution in England, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution contributed to the growth of representative forms of government. The Soviet Union was the first large country to have a Communist government.^[3] Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, liberal democracy has become an even more prevalent form of government.^[10]

In the nineteenth and twentieth century, there was a significant increase in the size and scale of government at the national level.^[11] This included the regulation of corporations and the development of the welfare state.^[10]

Political science

Classification

In political science, it has long been a goal to create a typology or taxonomy of polities, as typologies of political systems are not obvious.^[12] It is especially important in the political science fields of comparative politics and international relations. Like all categories discerned within forms of government, the boundaries of government classifications are either fluid or ill-defined.

Superficially, all governments have an official de jure or ideal form. The United States is a federal constitutional republic, while the former Soviet Union was a federal socialist republic. However self-identification is not objective, and as Kopstein and Lichbach argue, defining regimes can be tricky, especially de facto, when both its government and its economy deviate in practice.^[13] For example, Voltaire argued that «the Holy Roman Empire is neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire».^[14] In practice, the Soviet Union was centralized autocratic one-party state under Joseph Stalin. In practice, the United States is a flawed democracy, since its electoral system has previously negated popular votes; as ruled by the Supreme Court, the winning political party electors must blindly vote for presidential candidate.^[15]

Identifying a form of government is also difficult because many political systems originate as socio-economic movements and are then carried into governments by parties naming themselves after those movements; all with competing political-ideologies. Experience with those movements in power, and the strong ties they may have to particular forms of government, can cause them to be considered as forms of government in themselves.

Other complications include general non-consensus or deliberate «distortion or bias» of reasonable technical definitions to political ideologies and associated forms of governing, due to the nature of politics in the modern era. For example: The meaning of «conservatism» in the United States has little in common with the way the word’s definition is used elsewhere. As Ribuffo notes, «what Americans now call conservatism much of the world calls liberalism or neoliberalism»; a «conservative» in Finland would be labeled a «socialist» in the United States.^[16] Since the 1950s conservatism in the United States has been chiefly associated with right-wing politics and the Republican Party. However, during the era of segregation many Southern Democrats were conservatives, and they played a key role in the conservative coalition that controlled Congress from 1937 to 1963.^[17][a]

Opinions vary by individuals concerning the types and properties of governments that exist. «Shades of gray» are commonplace in any government and its corresponding classification. Even the most liberal democracies limit rival political activity to one extent or another while the most tyrannical dictatorships must organize a broad base of support thereby creating difficulties for «pigeonholing» governments into narrow categories. Examples include the claims of the United States as being a plutocracy rather than a democracy since some American voters believe elections are being manipulated by wealthy Super PACs.^[18]

Forms

Plato in his book The Republic divided governments into five basic types (four being existing forms and one being Plato’s ideal form, which exists «only in speech»):^[19]

• Aristocracy (rule by law and order, like ideal traditional «benevolent» kingdoms that aren’t tyrannical)
• Timocracy (rule by honor and duty, like a «benevolent» military; Sparta as an example)
• Oligarchy (rule by wealth and market-based-ethics, like a free-trading capitalist state)
• Democracy (rule by pure liberty and equality, like a free citizen)
• Tyranny (rule by fear, like a despot)

These five regimes progressively degenerate starting with aristocracy at the top and tyranny at the bottom.^[20]

In his Politics, Aristotle elaborates on Plato’s five regimes discussing them in relation to the government of one, of the few, and of the many.^[21] From this follows the classification of forms of government according to which people have the authority to rule: either one person (an autocracy, such as monarchy), a select group of people (an aristocracy), or the people as a whole (a democracy, such as a republic).

Thomas Hobbes stated on their classification:

The difference of Commonwealths consisteth in the difference of the sovereign, or the person representative of all and every one of the multitude. And because the sovereignty is either in one man, or in an assembly of more than one; and into that assembly either every man hath right to enter, or not every one, but certain men distinguished from the rest; it is manifest there can be but three kinds of Commonwealth. For the representative must needs be one man, or more; and if more, then it is the assembly of all, or but of a part. When the representative is one man, then is the Commonwealth a monarchy; when an assembly of all that will come together, then it is a democracy, or popular Commonwealth; when an assembly of a part only, then it is called an aristocracy. Other kind of Commonwealth there can be none: for either one, or more, or all, must have the sovereign power (which I have shown to be indivisible) entire.^[22]

Basic political systems

According to Yale professor Juan José Linz there a three main types of political systems today: democracies,
totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with hybrid regimes.^[23][24] Another modern classification system includes monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three.^[25] Scholars generally refer to a dictatorship as either a form of authoritarianism or totalitarianism.^[26][23][27]

Autocracy

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d’état or mass insurrection).^[28] Absolute monarchy is a historically prevalent form of autocracy, wherein a monarch governs as a singular sovereign with no limitation on royal prerogative. Most absolute monarchies are hereditary, however some, notably the Holy See, are elected by an electoral college (such as the college of cardinals, or prince-electors). Other forms of autocracy include tyranny, despotism, and dictatorship.

Aristocracy

Aristocracy^[b] is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, elite ruling class,^[29] such as a hereditary nobility or privileged caste. This class exercises minority rule, often as a landed timocracy, wealthy plutocracy, or oligarchy.

Many monarchies were aristocracies, although in modern constitutional monarchies the monarch may have little effective power. The term aristocracy could also refer to the non-peasant, non-servant, and non-city classes in the feudal system.^{[citation needed]}

Democracy

Democracy is a system of government where citizens exercise power by voting and deliberation. In a direct democracy, the citizenry as a whole directly forms a participatory governing body and vote directly on each issue. In indirect democracy, the citizenry governs indirectly through the selection of representatives or delegates from among themselves, typically by election or, less commonly, by sortition. These select citizens then meet to form a governing body, such as a legislature or jury.

Some governments combine both direct and indirect democratic governance, wherein the citizenry selects representatives to administer day-to-day governance, while also reserving the right govern directly through popular initiatives, referendums (plebiscites), and the right of recall. In a constitutional democracy the powers of the majority are exercised within the framework of a representative democracy, but the constitution limits majority rule, usually through the provision by all of certain universal rights, e.g. freedom of speech, or freedom of association.^[30][31]

Republics

A republic is a form of government in which the country is considered a «public matter» (Latin: res publica), not the private concern or property of the rulers, and where offices of states are subsequently directly or indirectly elected or appointed rather than inherited. The people, or some significant portion of them, have supreme control over the government and where offices of state are elected or chosen by elected people.^[32][33]

A common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of state is not a monarch.^[34][35] Montesquieu included both democracies, where all the people have a share in rule, and aristocracies or oligarchies, where only some of the people rule, as republican forms of government.^[36]

Other terms used to describe different republics include democratic republic, parliamentary republic, semi-presidential republic, presidential republic, federal republic, people’s republic, and Islamic republic.

Federalism

Federalism is a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant with a governing representative head. The term «federalism» is also used to describe a system of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units, variously called states, provinces or otherwise. Federalism is a system based upon democratic principles and institutions in which the power to govern is shared between national and provincial/state governments, creating what is often called a federation.^{[citation needed]} Proponents are often called federalists.

Branches

Governments are typically organised into distinct institutions constituting branches of government each with particular powers, functions, duties, and responsibilities. The distribution of powers between these institutions differs between governments, as do the functions and number of branches. An independent, parallel distribution of powers between branches of government is the separation of powers. A shared, intersecting, or overlapping distribution of powers is the fusion of powers.

Governments are often organised into three branches with separate powers: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary; this is sometimes called the trias politica model. However, in parliamentary and semi-presidential systems, branches of government often intersect, having shared membership and overlapping functions. Many governments have fewer or additional branches, such as an independent electoral commission or auditory branch.^[37]

Party system

Presently, most governments are administered by members of an explicitly constituted political party which coordinates the activities of associated government officials and candidates for office. In a multiparty system of government, multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government offices, typically by competing in elections, although the effective number of parties may be limited.

A majority government is a government by one or more governing parties together holding an absolute majority of seats in the parliament, in contrast to a minority government in which they have only a plurality of seats and often depend on a confidence-and-supply arrangement with other parties. A coalition government is one in which multiple parties cooperate to form a government as part of a coalition agreement. In a single-party government a single party forms a government without the support of a coalition, as is typically the case with majority governments,^[38][39] but even a minority government may consist of just one party unable to find a willing coalition partner at the moment.^[40]

A state that continuously maintains a single-party government within a (nominally) multiparty system possesses a dominant-party system. In a (nondemocratic) one-party system a single ruling party has the (more-or-less) exclusive right to form the government, and the formation of other parties may be obstructed or illegal. In some cases, a government may have a non-partisan system, as is the case with absolute monarchy or non-partisan democracy.

Maps

Democracy is the most popular form of government with more than half of the nations in the world being democracies-97 of 167 nations as of 2021.^[41] However the world is becoming more authoritarian with a quarter of the world’s population under democratically backsliding governments.^[41]

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

Further reading

• de Mesquita, Bruce Bueno; Smith, Alastair (2012). The Dictator’s Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN 9781610390446. OCLC 1026803822.
• de Mesquita, Bruce Bueno; Smith, Alastair; Siverson, Randolph M.; Morrow, James D. (2003). The Logic of Political Survival. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262025461. OCLC 475265120.
• Dobson, William J. (2013). The Dictator’s Learning Curve: Inside the Global Battle for Democracy. New York: Anchor. ISBN 978-0307477552. OCLC 849820048.
• Friedrich, Carl J.; Brzezinski, Zbigniew K. (1966) [1965]. Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy (2nd ed.). New York: Frederick A. Praeger. ISBN 9780674895652. OCLC 826626632.
• Krader, Lawrence (1968). Formation of the State. Foundations of Modern Anthropology. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0133294900. OCLC 266086412.

• 1
  govern
  
  

  1) управля́ть, пра́вить

  2) регули́ровать; руководи́ть

  3) влия́ть (на кого-л.); направля́ть, определя́ть, обусло́вливать ( ход событий)

  4) владе́ть (собой, страстями)

  Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > govern

• 2
  govern
  
  

  Персональный Сократ > govern

• 3
  govern
  
  

  1. II

  govern, in some manner govern wisely мудро и т. д. править /управлять/

  2. III

  1) govern smb., smth. govern a people править народом; govern a country управлять страной и т. д.

  2) govern smth. the need for money governs all his plan потребность в деньгах и т. д. определяет все его планы и т. д.; don’t let bad temper govern your decisions плохое настроение не должно влиять на ваше решение; what were the motives governing his choice of occupation? чем он руководствовался при выборе профессии?, что повлияло на его выбор профессии?

  3) govern smth. govern one’s passions обуздать свой страсти; govern one’s temper держать себя в руках, владеть собой

  4) govern smth. govern the movement of the stars обусловливать /определять/ движение звезд и т. д., he quoted the law governing the situation он привел закон, под который подходит данный случай

  3. XI

  be governed by smth.

  1) be governed by common sense руководствоваться здравым смыслом; be governed by circumstances действовать под влиянием обстоятельств; his ideas are governed by the newspapers he reads его воззрения /взгляды/ зависят от газет, которые он читает; he is too readily governed by the opinions of others он слишком легко соглашается с чужим мнением; I’ll be governed by your advice я последую вашему совету

  4. XVI

  5. XXI1

  govern smth., smb. with smth. govern the country with justice править /управлять/ страной и т. д. справедливо и т. д., govern the country with an iron hand править страной железной рукой

  English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > govern

• 4
  govern
  
  

  [ʹgʌvən]

  1. править, управлять

  to govern a country [a people] — править страной [народом]

  2. 1) руководить, направлять; регулировать

  to govern wisely [skilfully, with justice] — руководить разумно [искусно, справедливо]

  don’t let your passions govern you — не поддавайтесь страстям [ тж. 4]

  I will be governed by you in what I do — я буду делать всё так, как вы мне скажете

  2)

  pass оказывать влияние

  3. определять, обусловливать

  laws that govern chemical reactions — законы, которые управляют химическими реакциями /которым подчиняются химические реакции/

  considerations that governed the choice of a representative — соображения, которые оказались решающими при выборе представителя

  similar principles govern these two phenomena — эти явления обусловливаются одними и теми же принципами

  4. владеть (); сдерживать ()

  to govern one’s passions — обуздывать свои страсти [ тж. 2, 1)]

  to govern one’s tongue — не давать воли языку, следить за тем, что говоришь

  5.

  определять смысл; быть определяющим (фактором)

  the sense of the whole document is governed by the introductory clause — смысл всего документа определяется вступительной частью

  to govern the dative [the accusative] — управлять дательным [винительным] падежом

  7.

  регулировать; управлять

  НБАРС > govern

• 5
  govern
  
  

  [ˈɡʌvən]

  govern владеть (собой, страстями) govern влиять (на кого-л.); направлять, определять, обусловливать (ход событий) govern направлять govern определять govern определять смысл govern регулировать; руководить govern регулировать govern руководить govern грам. управлять govern управлять, править govern управлять

  English-Russian short dictionary > govern

• 6
  govern
  
  

  [‘gʌvən]

  v

  1) править, управлять

  — govern a country

  
  — govern one’s estate

  2) руководить, направлять, регулировать, оказывать влияние

  I will be governed by you in what I do. — Я буду делать все так, как вы мне скажете.

  Don’t let your passions govern you. — не поддавайся страстям.

  — govern wisely

  
  — govern public opinion
  — be governed by circumstances
  — governed by common sense

  3) определять, обусловливать

  Similar principles govern these two phenomena. — Эти два явления обуславливаются одними и теми же принципами.

  
  — considerations that governed the choice of a representative

  4) владеть (собой), сдерживать (себя)

  You must govern your temper. — Ты должен держать себя в руках

  — govern one’s passions

  
  — govern one’s tongue

  English-Russian combinatory dictionary > govern

• 7
  govern
  
  

  Англо-русский синонимический словарь > govern

• 8
  govern
  
  

  гл.

  1)

  упр.

  управлять, править, регулировать, направлять, руководить

  There is an important difference between the Security Council resolutions which govern the situation in Iraq and the Security Council resolutions that govern the settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict. — Есть существенная разница между резолюциями Совета безопасности, регулирующими ситуацию в Ираке, и резолюциями Совета безопасности, которые регулируют улаживание арабо-израильского конфликта.

  2)

  упр.

  определять, обуславливать; влиять

  The archbishop was aware of the motives by which the papal decisions were governed.— Архиепископ знал о мотивах, влиявших на решение Папы.

  3)

  псих.

  владеть собой, сдерживать себя

  He cannot govern his passions. — Он не способен обуздать свои страсти.

  Govern your tongue not to injure anyone around you. — Следи за тем, что говоришь, чтобы не обидеть никого вокруг себя.

  You must govern your temper. — Ты должен держать себя в руках.

  Syn:

  Англо-русский экономический словарь > govern

• 9
  govern
  
  

  1. v править, управлять

  2. v руководить, направлять; регулировать

  3. v обыкн. оказывать влияние

  4. v определять, обусловливать

  5. v владеть; сдерживать

  6. v юр. определять смысл; быть определяющим

  7. v грам. управлять

  8. v тех. регулировать; управлять

  9. v уст. заботиться, ухаживать

  Синонимический ряд:

  1. administer (verb) administer; carry out; dictate; execute; render; tyrannize

  2. manage (verb) administrate; check; conduct; control; direct; dominate; guide; handle; head; manage; oversee; regulate; run; superintend; supervise

  3. rule (verb) command; control; dominate; have control; hold sway; influence; overrule; reign; rule; sway

  Антонимический ряд:

  acquiesce; agree to; allow; assent; cede; comply; conform; consent; follow; fulfil; give way; obey; perform; submit

  English-Russian base dictionary > govern

• 10
  govern
  
  

  governed speed

  регулируемая скорость

  govern the application

  регулировать применение

  govern the flight

  управлять ходом полета

  govern the operation

  руководить эксплуатацией

  rotor governing system

  система регулирования оборотов несущего винта

  English-Russian aviation dictionary > govern

• 11
  govern
  
  

  [‘ɡʌvən]

  v

  управлять, править

  2000 самых употребительных английских слов > govern

• 12
  govern
  
  

  [‘gʌv(ə)n]

  гл.

  1) править, управлять

  They go to the polls on Friday to choose the people they want to govern their country. — В пятницу они идут на избирательные участки, чтобы выбрать для управления страной тех людей, которых они хотят.

  Syn:

  2) влиять; руководить, направлять

  The archbishop was aware of the motives by which the papal decisions were governed. — Архиепископ знал о мотивах, повлиявших на решение папы.

  Syn:

  3) определять, обусловливать

  Marine insurance is governed by a strict series of rules and regulations. — Морское страхование определяется чётким набором правил и положений.

  The government has altered the rules governing eligibility for unemployment benefit. — Правительство изменило нормы, определяющие назначение пособий по безработице.

  Income must govern expenditure. — Доходы должны определять расходы.

  4) сдерживать, ограничивать

  Syn:

  Англо-русский современный словарь > govern

• 13
  govern
  
  

  v

  1) править, управлять

  2) руководить, направлять; регулировать

  3) определять (смысл); быть определяющим (фактором)

  English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > govern

• 14
  govern
  
  

  [‘gʌvən]

  1) Общая лексика: владеть , влиять , влиять на, господствовать, направить, направлять , обусловить, обусловливать, определить, определять, править, регулировать, руководить, устанавливать

  9) Макаров: оказывать влияние, определять , сдерживать , обусловливать

  Универсальный англо-русский словарь > govern

• 15
  govern
  
  

  2) руководствоваться чем-л.

  3) действовать (

  в знач.

  иметь преимущественную силу)

  Should there be any conflicts between the A and the B, the more stringent requirements shall govern В случае возникновения каких бы то ни было разночтений между А и В действуют (т.е. имеют преимущественную силу) более жесткие требования (см. тж. prevail)

  4) регламентировать

  the detailed design governing a piping system развернутый проект, регламентирующий ту или иную трубопроводную систему

  English-Russian dictionary of scientific and technical difficulties vocabulary > govern

• 16
  govern
  
  

  English-Russian big medical dictionary > govern

• 17
  govern
  
  

  управлять; регулировать; обуславливать; вызывать

  English-Russian dictionary on nuclear energy > govern

• 18
  govern
  
  

  1. управлять

  управлять
  —
  [Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]

  Тематики

  • электротехника, основные понятия

  EN

  • govern

  Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > govern

• 19
  govern
  
  

  ˈɡʌvənуправлять,править,влиять на к-л,руководить,регулировать,определять

  Англо-русский словарь экономических терминов > govern

• 20
  govern
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > govern