Match the definition to the word very strong winds

ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR ELEMENTARY

GLOBAL PROBLEMS (37)

A

Natural Disasters There was a hurricane / snowstorm / forest fire there last year. hurricane: a very strong wind snowstorm: a lot of snow and wind at the same time forest fire: when it is very dry and trees catch fire San Francisco has had a lot of earthquakes [when the earth moves]. There were serious floods in the north yesterday. [too much water] The river often floods after heavy rain. [water goes over the river banks]

B

Man-made problems There are too many people in some places. Cities are too crowded. Many people are: ·         poor: they do not have enough money ·         hungry: they do not have enough food ·         homeless: they do not have a place to live ·         unemployed: they do not have a job There is a lot of pollution in many places. [when the air, water or earth is dirty and bad for people, plants and animals] The river is polluted and a lot of fish have died. The air pollution is very bad today. The American War of Independence started in 1775 and ended in 1783. [fighting between two or more countries or nationalities] It lasted for eight years. The teachers are on strike today. [when people refuse to work because, for example, they want more money] He had a car crash on the way to work. The traffic jams in the city are terrible in the rush hour [times when everyone is going to work].

Exercises

37.1	What problems can you see in the pictures?
37.2	Match the words on the left with the words on the right. 1 air a fire 2 traffic b people 3 rush c pollution 4 forest d quake 5 crowded e jam 6 homeless f hour 7 car g cities 8 earth h crash
37.3	Find the words that match these definitions. 1 a very strong wind a hurricane 2 so many cars on the road that they can’t easily move ____________________________________ 3 a street with a large number of people ____________________________________ 4 when two cars hit one another ____________________________________ 5 without work ____________________________________ 6 the time of day when there is most traffic ____________________________________ 7 without enough to eat ____________________________________ 8 when a lot of trees burn ____________________________________
37.4	Look at the opposite page and find … 1 two problems on the roads. traffic jam, car crash 2 two things that pollute the air. _________________________________________ 3 two problems that can be political. _________________________________________ 4 three problems that are caused by the weather. _________________________________________ 5 four adjectives that can describe people. _________________________________________
37.5	Fill the gaps with a word from the opposite page. 1 Cars make air _____pollution________ worse in towns. 2 Their wages were very low so the workers went on ______________ 3 My great-grandfather died in the First World ______________ 4 Jack had a ______________ last year but fortunately no one was hurt. 5 Japan often has ______________ and Siberia often has 6 When people are ______________ they sometimes sleep on the streets. 7 I hate driving in the city in the ______________ 8 The water is so ______________ that people cannot drink it. TIP Try to listen to or watch the news in English every day. Make a note of new words about global problems that you find.

ANSWER KEY

37.1	2	car crash	6	forest fire
3	flood	7	hurricane
4	war	8	traffic jam
5	earthquake	9	snowstorm

37.2	2	e	6	b
3	f	7	h
4	a	8	d
5	g

37.3	2	a traffic jam	6	the rush hour
3	crowded	7	hungry
4	a car crash	8	a forest fire
5	unemployed

37.4	Possible answers:
2	forest fire, traffic jam	4	hurricane, snowstorm, flood
3	strike, war	5	poor, hungry, homeless, unemployed

37.5	2	strike	6	homeless
3	War	7	rush hour
4	car crash	8	polluted
5	earthquakes; snowstorms

Английский язык для 7-го класса
Предмет:	Английский язык
Класс:	7 класс
Автор учебника:	Афанасьева О.В. Михеева И.В.
Год издания:	2016
Издательство:
Кол-во заданий:
Кол-во упражнений:	541
Мы в социальных сетях
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Описание задания[править | править код]

Match the words with their definitions.

1. to light 2. to knock 3. to pull 4. to push 5. to struggle 6. to wind 7. to bounce

a) to move something strongly towards yourself b) to go round c) to make a noise by striking something d) to move something strongly away from yourself e) to jump like a ball f) to fight g) to make something start to burn or shine

Ответ на задание[править | править код]

1. to light 2. to knock 3. to pull 4. to push 5. to struggle 6. to wind 7. to bounce

g) to make something start to burn or shine c) to make a noise by striking something a) to move something strongly towards yourself d) to move something strongly away from yourself f) to fight b) to go round e) to jump like a ball

Перевод задания[править | править код]

1. зажечь 2. стучать 3. тянуть 4. толкнуть 5. бороться 6. Извиваться 7. Скакать

г) чтобы что-то начало гореть или сиять в) шуметь, ударяя что-то а) сильно двигать к себе г) сильно отодвинуть что-то от себя е) бороться б) делать круги д) прыгать как мяч

Другие задачи учебника[править | править код]

waste –
protect – pollution – factory – recycled – emissions – damage —
environmentalists

1. During the last hundred years we have done great……..to the environment.
2. There’s a large chemical……..in our town which has polluted the river twice in the last year.
3. The Government is very worried about the ……..of our rivers and beaches.
4. A lot of household……..like bottles and newspapers can be……..and used again.
5…………are furious with the American Government for delaying measures which will reduce greenhouse gas………
6. There are lots of things we can all do to ……..the environment.

2.- What causes the damage.

Use these words to
complete the sentences:

exhaust fumes — toxic waste – emissions —  pesticides – deforestation — crops

1. The Government is introducing strict new rules on the dumping of …………. by industry.
2. Farmers contribute to environmental damage by spraying …….. with …………. which stay in the soil for years.
3. ………….. from factories in northern Germany affect the environment in large parts of Scandinavia.
4. Tropical rainforests have always helped to keep the environment in balance but recent ………… means they no longer absorb as much carbon dioxide as they used to.
5. …….. from cars and other vehicles cause a great deal of damage to the environment. 

3.- Match the numbers with the letters to make common
expressions:

1. global
2. greenhouse
3. ozone
4. acid

a. rain
b. warming
c. effect
d. layer

4. Now
use the phrases in the following sentences:  

1.- The gradual
rise in the Earth’s temperature is known as ______________.

2.- When heat
gets trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere, it is known as the ________________.

3.- Scientists have found holes in the ____________________,
particularly over Antarctica.

4.- Rain mixed with toxic chemicals from factories is
known as _______________.

5.- Global warming

Use these words to
complete the text:

floods —  radiation —  Ice caps — sea level  — oceans – climate – deserts — gases

Scientists have shown that the temperature on Earth is
increasing by 0.1º every ten years. That’s one degree every century. The (1)__________ 
that are produced by factories and cars are allowing more (2)_________ from
the sun to reach Earth. In the future this will have very serious consequences
for humanity.

As the Earth gets hotter, the Arctic and Antarctic (3)__________ will slowly melt and the level of the (4)_________ will
rise. A recent report says that the (5)__________ will rise by 70 metres
over the next hundred years, causing (6)__________ in many low-lying parts
of the world.

There will be (7)__________ changes, too. Some
areas will become wetter while others will become much drier. Some areas which
today are green and fertile will eventually turn into (8)_________. Tropical
diseases like malaria will become common in areas where today they are
unknown.

6.- Environmental Problems

Use these expressions to complete the text.

natural
habitats – in danger of extinction – long-term – natural resources – way of
life – indigenous people – destruction – future generations

The (1)__________ of the rainforest is very
worrying. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the
(2)_____________ of many animals are being destroyed. As a result,
many species are (3)___________________________.

This, in turn, threatens the traditional (4)_____________ of many of the (5)______________ who live in some of the most
remote areas of our planet. As with most environmental issues, we need to think
more (6)__________ and realise that everything we do has implications
for (7)___________________.

If we want to
hand on our world to our children and grandchildren, we simply can’t continue
to misuse the world’s (8)_________________ as we are at the moment.

7. Do the same with this text:

heavily polluted – uninhabitable – cloud of pollution
– air quality

The (9)__________ in many of the world’s
largest cities is so poor that we have seen an enormous increase in chest and
lung illnesses such as asthma. These cities are (10)____________
and some are permanently covered by a (11)______________. Unless
we begin to take the problems more seriously and start to do something about
them, many of our biggest cities, particularly in the developing world will
become (12)____________.

8.- Protecting the
Environment

Match a word on the left with a word on the right to make common
expressions:

1. unleaded                                           a.
bank

2. public                                                b. friendly 

3. recycling                                           c.
energy

4. bottle                                                d.
point

5. environmentally                                e. transport

6.
renewable                                         f. petrol

9. If you want to protect the environment, here are some
things you should do. Use the expressions above.

1.- Make sure your car runs on ________________ and
your home uses sources of renewable energy.

2.- Use ______________ instead of taking your
car.

3.- Take glass, paper and plastic to a _____________________.

4.- Buy _________________________ products
whenever possible.

10.- Green Politics

Use a dictionary to fill the gaps below:

noun                                       adjective                                              person

environment                        ______________                                   _____________

ecology                                  _____________                                   ______________

11. Conservationists. Campaign to protect the environment.

In
most countries there are political parties which aim to protect the environment
— the Green Party
or the Ecology Party, for example. Greenpeace is . an international group that protests
against anything which is a threat to the environment, like dumping nuclear
waste and, more recently, growing genetically modified crops.

Are you worried about the environment?What worries you
most? Why? What do you do to help protect it? Write a paragraphs answering  the questions.

12.- Natural Disasters

Use the following words in the definitions below:

forest fire – hurricane – tornado – earthquake – flood
– drought – volcano – tidal wave

1.- ___________: a long period with little or no rain.

2.- ____________: a sudden violent movement of the
surface of the earth, caused by the shifting of the earth’s tectonic plates.

3.- ____________:
when huge areas of woodland are alight, often caused by someone carelessly
throwing a cigarette from a car.

4.-  _______________:
when an area of land which is usually dry becomes covered in water, often forcing
people to leave their homes

5.- ______________:
very strong circular winds which suck things up into them .

6.- ________________:
a huge wave which builds up in the sea over thousands of miles.

7.- ________________:  a very powerful storm, often at sea.

8.- _________________:
a large mountain which erupts from time to time and sends rocks up into the air
and molten rock pours down the side.

13. Now use the words in
these sentences:

9. Mount Vesuvius near Naples is
one of the most famous ____________ in the worId.

10. Many parts of sub-Saharan
Africa suffer from ____________.

11. Many low-lying parts of England suffer from ______________ after prolonged periods
of rain in the winter.

12. San Francisco and Tokyo are both situated right in the middle of
dangerous ________________
zones.

14.- Describing Disasters

Now match each of the following descriptions with one of the disasters above:

1. This year’s crop has been lost. The land here is so dry now that
farmers are unable to grow anything. All the
waterholes have dried up and there are dead animals everywhere.________________

2. The water level has been rising steadily since the river burst its
banks this morning and the area is now under two metres of water. __________________   

3. Along the path of the twister cars were lifted hundreds of metres
into the air. One caravan ended up half a mile from where it had been.      ______________

4. Lava poured down the side of
the mountain destroying everything in its path and the village is now buried
under a carpet of ash. _____________

5. The tremor, measuring 6 on the Richter scale, only lasted for four
seconds but it was enough to cause large cracks in several roads. ___________________  

6. A small fishing village was the worst hit. A thirty-metre wall of
water swept up the beach destroying nearly thirty houses along the seafront. ________________

7. Helicopters are spraying the blaze from the air, and fire crews are working
round the clock to set up firebreaks to prevent it spreading further. ______________

8. Roofs were blown off buildings and trees were ripped out by their
roots in winds gusting up to 120mph.  ______________________

15. Now complete these
sentences with words and phrases from above:

a. The river __________ its banks.

b. The tremor
only ___________for four seconds.

c. The lava
destroyed everything in its __________.

d. Fire crews
are working round the ____________.

e. Buildings had
their roofs ____________ off.

f. Trees were ______________ out by their roots.

KEY

1.

1. During the last hundred years we have done great damage
to the environment.

2. There’s
a large chemical factory in our town which has polluted the river twice in the
last year.

3. The
Government is very worried about the pollution of our rivers and beaches.

4. A lot
of household waste
like bottles and newspapers can be recycled and used again.

5. Environmentalists
are furious with the American Government for delaying measures which will reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions.

6. There
are lots of things we can all do to protect the environment.

2. 

1.- The Government is introducing strict new rules on
the dumping of toxic waste
by industry.

2.- Farmers contribute to environmental damage by spraying
crops 
with pesticides which stay in the soil for   years

3.-  Emissions from
factories in northern Germany affect the environment in large parts of
Scandinavia.

4. Tropical
rainforests have always helped to keep the environment in balance but recent deforestation means they no longer absorb as much carbon dioxide as
they used to.

5. Exhaust fumes from cars and other vehicles cause a great deal of damage to the environment.

3. 

1. global warming
 

2. greenhouse effect
 

3. ozone layer
 

4. acid rain

4.

1.- The gradual
rise in the Earth’s temperature is known as global warming.

2.- When heat
gets trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere, it is known as the greenhouse effect.

3.- Scientists have found holes in the ozone layer,
particularly over Antarctica.

4.- Rain mixed with toxic chemicals from factories is
known as acid
rain.

5.

Scientists have shown that the temperature on Earth is
increasing by 0.1º every ten years. That’s one degree every century. The (1) gases
that are produced by factories and cars are allowing more (2) radiation from
the sun to reach Earth. In the future this will have very serious consequences
for humanity.

As the Earth gets hotter, the Arctic and Antarctic (3)
ice caps will slowly melt and the level of the (4) oceans will
rise. A recent report says that the (5) sea level will rise by 70 metres
over the next hundred years, causing (6) floods in many low-lying parts
of the world.

There will be (7) climate changes, too. Some
areas will become wetter while others will become much drier. Some areas which
today are green and fertile will eventually turn into (8) deserts. Tropical
diseases like malaria will become common in areas where today they are
unknown.

6.

The (1) destruction of the rainforest is very
worrying. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the
(2) natural habitats of many animals are being destroyed. As a result,
many species are (3) in danger of extinction.

This, in turn, threatens the traditional (4) way of
life of many of the(5) indigenous people who live in some of the most
remote areas of our planet. As with most environmental issues, we need to think
more (6) long-term and realise that everything we do has implications
for (7) futures generations.

If we want to
hand on our world to our children and grandchildren, we simply can’t continue
to misuse the world’s (8) natural resources as we are at the moment.

7. 

The (9) air quality in many of the world’s
largest cities is so poor that we have seen an enormous increase in chest and
lung illnesses such as asthma. These cities are (10) heavily polluted
and some are permanently covered by a (11) cloud of pollution. Unless
we begin to take the problems more seriously and start to do something about
them, many of our biggest cities, particularly in the developing world will
become (12) uninhabitable.

8.

1. unleaded  petrol                                         

2. public  transport                                                

3. recycling point                                         

4. bottle bank  

bottle bank: a large container in a public place where people can leave their empty bottles so that the glass can be used again (= recycled); a public place with several of these containers.                                             

5. environmentally friendly                                

6.
renewable energy                                        

9. 

1.- Make sure your car runs on unleaded petrol and
your home uses sources of renewable energy.

2.- Use public transport instead of taking your
car.

3.- Take glass, paper and plastic to a recycling
point.

4.- Buy environmentally friendly products
whenever possible.

10.

noun                                       adjective                                              person

environment                         environmental                                 environmentalist

ecology                                  ecological                                
           ecologist

12.

1.- drought: a long period with little or no rain.

2.- earthquake: a sudden violent movement of the
surface of the earth, caused by the shifting of the earth’s tectonic plates.

3.- forest fire:
when huge areas of woodland are alight, often caused by someone carelessly
throwing a cigarette from a car.

4.-  flood:
when an area of land which is usually dry becomes covered in water, often forcing
people to leave their homes

5.- tornado:
/tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ very strong circular winds which suck things up into them .

6.- tidal wave:
a huge wave which builds up in the sea over thousands of miles.

7.- hurricane:  a very powerful storm, often at sea.

8.- volcano:
a large mountain which erupts from time to time and sends rocks up into the air
and molten rock pours down the side.

13.

9. Mount Vesuvius near Naples is
one of the most famous volcano in the worId.

10. Many parts of sub-Saharan
Africa suffer from drought

11. Many low-lying parts of England suffer from flooding after prolonged periods
of rain in the winter.

12. San Francisco and Tokyo are both situated right in the middle of
dangerous earthquakes
zones.

14. 

1. This year’s crop has been lost. The land here is so dry now that
farmers are unable to grow anything. All the   
waterholes have dried up and there are dead animals everywhere. Drought

2. The water level has been rising steadily since the river burst its
banks this morning and the area is now under two metres of water. Flood    

3. Along the path of the twister cars were lifted hundreds of metres
into the air. One caravan ended up half a mile from where it had been.      tornado

twister: a violent storm that is caused by a powerful spinning column of air. Tornado

4. Lava poured down the side of
the mountain destroying everything in its path and the village is now buried
under a carpet of ash. Volcano

5. The tremor, measuring 6 on the Richter scale, only lasted for four
seconds but it was enough to cause large cracks in several roads.  earthquake

6. A small fishing village was the worst hit. A thirty-metre wall of
water swept up the beach destroying nearly thirty houses along the seafront. Tidal wave

7. Helicopters are spraying the blaze from the air, and fire crews are working
round the clock to set up firebreaks to prevent it spreading further. Forest fire

firebreak: a
thing that stops a fire from spreading, for example a special door or a
strip of land in a forest that has been cleared of trees.

round the clock: lasting or happening all day and night

8. Roofs were blown off buildings and trees were ripped out by their
roots in winds gusting up to 120mph.  Hurricane

15.

a. The river burst its banks.

b. The tremor
only lasted for four seconds.

c. The lava
destroyed everything in its path.

d. Fire crews
are working round the clock.

e. Buildings had
their roofs blown off.

f. Trees were ripped out by their roots. 

rip: rip something + adv./prep. to remove something quickly or violently, often by pulling it. E.g. He ripped off his tie. The carpet had been ripped from the stairs. Half of the house was ripped away in the explosion.

 

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