Match a single word with a synonym phrase prospects promoted retired

Методическая разработка

«Education and Career

По дисциплине «Иностранный язык»

Для специальностей

09.02.07 Информационные системы и программирование».

13.02.07 Электроснабжение (по отраслям)

Автор: преподаватель иностранного языка

 СПб ГБПОУ «Колледж метрополитена и железнодорожного транспорта»

Иванова Ирина Павловна

Санкт – Петербург

2022

Пояснительная  записка

Методическая разработка «Education and Career» предназначена для обучающихся в качестве практического пособия для систематизации знаний по теме «Образование и профессии». Большой объем текстов и заданий  позволит систематизировать и активизировать знания лексического материала  по данной теме. В разработке представлен текс , вопросы по тексту и задания для автоматизации лексических единиц и развития навыка говорения.

SCHOOL IN BRITAIN

Compulsory schooling in Britain lasts 11 years, from the age of 5 to 16. Some general education subjects like Physical Education (PE), Home Economics for girls, and Technical subjects for boys, General Science, Computers play an important part in education.

After the age of 16 a growing number of school students are staying on at school, some until 18 or 19, the age of entry into higher education in universities, Polytechnics or colleges. Schools in Britain provide careers guidance. A specially trained person called careers advisor, or careers officer (counselor), helps school students to decide what job they want to do and how they can achieve it. British university courses are rather to short, generally lasting for 3 years. The cost of education/training depends on the college or university and speciality which one chooses.

But some pupils want to stay on at school after taking their GCSE (The General Certificate of Secondary Education), to prepare for a vocational course or for work. Then they have to take the CPV examination which means the Certificate of Pre-Vocational Education.

One can hardly say that high-quality secondary education is provided for all in Britain. If you are a working-class child at school today, the chance of your reaching the second year of a sixth-form course is probably less than that for the child of a professional parent. Besides, government cuts on school spending caused many difficulties.

Many children in Britain earn pocket money. But it is against the law for children in Britain to work more than two hours on a schoolday. Jobs such a delivering daily newspapers or working in shops and supermarkets on Saturdays (when they can work longer hours) are popular with children. Some 80, 000 overseas students study at British universities or further education college or train in nursing, law, banking or industry.

Vocabulary Notes

Polytechnics                               – Политехнический институт

careers guidance/careers advice                            – профессиональная ориентация

to train                                                                – учить, обучать, готовить

trained (worker)                                                – подготовленный (работник)

training                                                               – обучение, подготовка

GCSE (the General Certificate

of Secondary Education)                              – Общий аттестат о среднем образовании

Further education (colleges)                      – дальнейшее, послешкольное образование

Add to your active vocabulary:

Bachelor of                 – бакалавр

careers interviews – консультации по профессиональной ориентации

doctor’s degree                                                  – ученая степень доктора

master’s degree                                                 – ученая степень магистра

studies                                                         – курсы

trainee (hairdresser)                                         – ученик (практикант-парикмахер)

vocation                                                             – призвание

vocation training                                              – профессиональная подготовка

Exercise 1. Choose the words from the list below. Discuss the text. Work in pairs.

Life at College and University

1. There are about … hundred universities in Britain. 2. The academic year in Britain’s universities, Colleges of Education, Polytechnics is divided into … terms. 3. English universities greatly differ from … other. 4. They … in size, history, tradition, general organization, methods of instruction, way of student life. 5. After three … of study university graduates leave with the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. 6. Later you may continue to take a Master’s Degree and then a Doctor’s … 7. Research is an … feature of university work. 8. During late sixties the Government set up … Polytechnics. 9. The Polytechnics offer first and … degrees. Some of them … full-time and sandwich courses. 10. Colleges of Education provide two-year … in teacher education. 11. Some of those who decide to leave … at the age of 16 may go to a further … college where they can follow a course in typing, engineering, town planning, cooking or hairdressing, … or part-time. 12. Further education colleges have strong ties with commerce and … . 13. There is an interesting from of … which is called the Open University. People study in their own free … and “attend” lectures by watching TV and listening to the radio. 14. They keep in touch by phone and letter with their tutors and attend … schools. 15. The Open … students have no formal qualifications and would be unable to enter ordinary universities.

thirty; University; education; offer; years; industry; differ; summer;

courses; one; time; school; each; Degree; studies;

important; three; full-time; higher

Exercise 2. Choose the proper word from the list below.

occupation – profession – work – job – career – position – trade

1. She spent most of her … as a teacher in Moscow.
2. Thousands of workers lost their …when the factory closed.
3. As wages were low, there were few applications for the … .
4. Many students have no practical skill for doing hard … .
5. The … of the bank manager is still open.
6. He wasn’t happy about his …, he wanted to be President of the company.
7. Why is it important to find the right …?
8. The construction of the factory in the town created a lot of … .
9. She tried many occupations but finally chose the … of an accountant.
10. There are many … open to our University graduates.
11. Looking for a … is hard word.
12. What is your current …?
13. Many job hunters send in their resumes and apply for the same … .
14. Is it possible to change … at your factory?
15. She is a tailor and she enjoys her … greatly.

Exercise 3. a) Match the two parts.

1. Why did  she go on the course?                        a. … because she was nearly 60.

2. Why did they promote her?                                b. … because she was out of work.

3. Why did she apply for the job?                        c. … because she didn’t like her boss.

4. Why did she retire?                                        d. … because she was late for work

    every day.

5. Why did they sack her?                                e. … because she needed more

    training.

6. Why did she resign?                                        f. … because she was the best person

    in the department.

 b) match a single word with a synonym phrase.

1. prospects                                                                a. left the company

2. promoted                                                                b. workers in a company

3. retired                                                                c. future possibilities on a job

4. sacked/dismissed                                                d. stopped working for ever

5. resigned                                                                e. out of work

6. employees                                                        f. given the sack

7. unemployed                                                        g. was given a better position

    in the company

 Exercise 4. Read the text and answer the questions below

According to the Constitution, every boy and every girl in Russia must get a full secondary education. There are thousands of schools in our country. There are schools of general education where the pupils study mathematics (algebra and geometry), history, Russian (or a native language), literature, geography, biology, music, arts, foreign languages, chemistry, PE (Physical Education). There are also many specialized school, lyceums and gymnasiums, where pupils get profound knowledge of maths, physics, foreign languages, music, art, ballet or sports.

Examinations are taken at the end of the 9th and the 11th year. After passing their school-leaving exams, young people receive a Certificate of Secondary Education.

After finishing nine classes of secondary school the young people can continue their education at different kinds of vocational or technical secondary schools or colleges. You can not only learn general subjects, but receive a speciality there. After finishing a secondary or vocational/technical school, the young people can stars working or they may enter a university. Professional training makes it easier to get a higher education.

Education is free in Russia and the students of institutes and universities got stipends. But there are many privately-run schools and universities in modern Russia. Education and training is paid there.

There are lots of institutes, universities and academies in Russia. Some of them train engineers, others train teachers, doctors, lawyers, architects, actors and so on, Many colleges and universities have evening and extra-mural departments. That gives the students an opportunity to study at an institute without leaving their jobs.

1. At what age does compulsory education begin in Russia?

2. What subjects are taught at the secondary school?

3. When do school-leavers receive a Certificate of Secondary Education?

4. What other secondary schools can children attend after they complete 9 years of their education?

5. Where can gifted children get their education?

6. How can young people enter higher educational institutions?

Exercise 5 Answer the questions.

1. When and where were you born?

2. What school did you finish? When?

3. Did you pay for education at school? How much?

4. Did you study well at school? What marks did you get?

5. What was your favourite subject?

6. What did you want to be when you were ten?

7. Did you teacher of Russian English, Mathematics, Geography, Chemistry) help you to choose your future profession?

8. What did you do after finishing school?

9. Whom did you make friends at school with?

10. When did you first meet your friend?

11. When did you begin learning English?

12. Where did you study to get this profession (trade)?

Exercise 6 Make up a story about your college/ /technical school with the help of the following outline and vocabulary notes given below.

My name is … . I was born in … . I’m a first-year student at the … faculty of the … college. I study the following subjects: … . After I graduate from the college, I’ll be … (a teacher, an accountant, a lawyer, etc.).

My college was founded in … . it’s one of the … (oldest, newest, largest) higher educational establishments in Russia.

The university campus consists of a number of big buildings, including the teaching blocks, administrative block, libraries, sports centre and hostels.

There are … faculties at the university, including the faculty of … and … . The overall number of students studying at the university in the daytime, evening and extra-mural departments is about … thousand. Most of the, live in the hostel, the others live either with their families or else they rent flats/rooms.

Vocabulary Notes

pedagogical school                                        – педагогическое училище

art school                                                        – художественное училище

drama school                                                – театральное училище

vocational (technical) school                                – колледж

technical college/polytechnic                                – техникум

The courses of foreign languages/                        – курсы иностранных языков

language school/school of languages

He’s at university.                                         – Он учится в университете.

She is/studies at college.                                 – Она учится в колледже.

I left college in 2020                                        – Я окончил колледж в 2020 г.

Exercise 7. Think and answer the questions in writing.

1. What college  did you enter? When?

2. What department did you enter?

3. Is it college you study at a state or private establishment?

4. Are you a part-time or a full-time student?

7. Do you live at a hostel or at home with your parents?

6. Where do you study?

7. How many lectures have you got a week?

8. Do you always attend your lectures?

9. How many students are there in your group?

10. When did you last play volleyball?

11. What did you do after classes?

Exercise 8. Translate the following text into Russia in writing using a dictionary:

Choosing a Vocational School

Five technical colleges in the State of Washington provide training and education for people of 16  and older to prepare for entry into the workforce, upgrade the skills needed to maintain present employment, improve their skills to prepare for advancement. Program length varies from a few weeks to two years.

Individuals may pursue a bachelor’s degree at several public and independent four-year colleges and universities, located within Washington State. The bachelor’s degree may prepare graduates for entry-level positions in occupations (e.g., computer science, business administration).

Most four-year colleges and universities require high school completion or community college coursework for admission. All of Washington’s public four-year institutions offer post-baccalaureate educational opportunities in various professional fields leading to the master’s degree. Of the public institutions, only the University of Washington and Washington State University may offer doctoral degrees in any field and professional degrees (e.g., medicine, dentistry, law, and veterinary medicine). The time required to complete a post-baccalaureate degree differs according to the level (master’s, doctorate, professional) of the program and the field of study.

Specific career training is available through a community college, a technical college, or a private vocational school. A post-secondary education can be an excellent investment. However, before enrolling, you should analyse your skills and talents, gather information about present and future job markets.

Vocational education training opportunities in the State of Washington are practically unlimited. Public education offers nearly 1,250 vocational education programs leading to employment in more than 300 different occupations. In addition, many of these programs offer a variety of options.

There are also 220 private vocational schools that offer vocational training in about 150 occupations. Community-based organizations provide training opportunities too, and so do the military and apprentice-ship programs.

Основные источники:

1. Безкоровайная Г.Т., Соколова Н.И. «Planet of English»: учебник английского языка для учреждений НПО и СПО. — М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2019.—256 с.;

2.  Голубев А.П. Английский язык для технических специальностей /English for Technical Colleges: учебник для студ.учреждений сред.проф. образования/ А.П. Голубев, А.П. Коржавый,И.Б. Смирнова. – 5-е изд.,стер. – М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2019. – 208 с.

3.  Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. – СПб.: КАРО, 2019. —  576 с.

Дополнительные источники:

1. Murphy R. Essential Grammar in Use -Cambridge University Press, 2008. —  120

Интернет-ресурсы:

www.lingvo-online. ru

www.macmillandictionary.com

 www.britannica.com

 www. englishtips.org;

www.englishteachers.ru

Вопрос по английскому языку:

When
Paul left school he applied for (wrote an official request for) a job
in the accounts department of a local engineering company. They gave
him a job as a trainee (a very junior person in a company). He didn’t
earn very much but they gave him a lot of training (organized help
and advice with learning the job), and sent him on training courses.

Moving up

Paul
worked hard at the company and his prospects (future possibilities in
the job) looked good. After his first year he got a good pay rise
(more money), and after two years he was promoted (given a higher
position with more money and responsibility). After six years he was
in charge of (responsible for/the boss of) the accounts department
with five other em­ployees (workers in the company) under him
(under his responsibility).

Leaving the company

By
the time Paul was 30, however, he decided he wanted a fresh
chal­lenge (a new exciting situation). He was keen to work
abroad, so he re­signed from his company (quitted the company)
and started looking for a new job with a bigger company. After a
couple of months he managed to find a job with an international
company which involved (included) a lot of foreign travel. He was
very excited about the new job and at first he really enjoyed the
travelling, but…

Hard times

After
about six months, Paul started to dislike the constant moving around,
and after a year he hated it; he hated living in hotels, and he never
really made any friends in the new company. Unfortunately his work
was not satisfactory either and finally he was sacked
(dismissed/given the sack) a year later.

After
that, Paul found things much more difficult. He was unemployed (out
of work/without a job) for over a year. He had to sell his car and
move out of his new house. Things were looking bad and in the end
Paul had to accept a part-time job (working only some or the day or
some of the week) on a fruit and vegetable stall in a market.

Happier times

To
his surprise, Paul loved the market. He made lots of friends and
en­joyed working out in the open air. After two years, he took
over (took con­trol of) the stall. Two years later he opened a
second stall, and after ten years he had fifteen stalls. Last year
Paul retired (stopped working completely) at the age of 55, a very
rich man.

Practice:

1. Write a single word synonym for each of these words/phrases.

1. given
   the sack

2. out
   of work

3. left
   the company

4. was
   given a better position in the company

5. future
   possibilities in a job

6. stopped
   working for ever

7. workers
   in a company

1. Find
   the logical answer on the right for each of the questions on the
   left.

Why did they sack him? Why did they promote him? Why did he apply for the job? Why did he retire? Why did he resign? Why did he go on the course?

a) Because he was nearly b) Because he was late for work every day. c) Because he needed more training. d) Because he was out of work. e) Because he was the best person in the department. f) Because he didn’t like his boss.

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cutie pie	n.	endearment phrase used for someone we find sweet	[Fam.] syn.: sweetie, pumpkin, cutie, cutesy pie
make no mistake about it	exp.	phrase meant to emphasize the speaker’s self-assurance	syn.: you can bet on it; trust me; you can count on it; I’m telling you…
the pot calling the kettle black	id.	a phrase you would say to point out the hypocrisy of someone who accuses/criticizes you for a fault they have themselves; the phrase alludes to the cast-iron pot and kettle which, once, were soon both equally covered with black soot when heated over an open fire.	You bro, calling my room a hell of a mess! That’s really the pot calling the kettle black! / Olivia had the gall to say I was selfish! Talk about the pot calling the kettle black!
Wirk	v.	A culture of internet only jobs has coined the phrase Wirk. Wirk simply means Internet Work. Internet work is defined by job opportunities that did not exist before the rise of the internet and furthermore the work is likely to be carried out over the internet and payment received for work undertaken via the internet. Wirk describes both full time and part time internet work. Because of the nature of Wirk and the ability for anyone that has internet connection to earn money from Wirk, it is currently more likely to be a part time occupation than full time. Paid Online Questionnaires, Content Writing, Search Marketing are all examples of Wirk.	This is a term rising in popularity
mondegreen	n.	misunderstood or misinterpreted word or phrase resulting from a mishearing (of the lyrics of a song for example)	Comes from «and Lady Mondegreen», a misinterpretation of the line «and laid him on the green» from the Scottish ballad «The Bonnie Earl O’ Moray».
go belly up	v.	die ; fail ; go bankrupt ; come to an end ; whether you’re a fisherman or ever had a pet fish, you figure out that the phrase alludes to a fish typically floating upside down, belly up when dying.	[Fam.] Ex.: The study reveals that most startups go belly up within the first four years
I rest my case	n.	Phrase used when someone has brought all the evidences to support his point of view; «I’m done with explanations»
put a pin in it	v.	phrase people say to suggest coming back to a subject and discussing it later. It might sound like an excuse to avoid a topic but can also be said completely honestly and sincerely	Ex.: This point raised by Aurélien is relevant and enthralling but we’re out of time right now. Let’s put a pin in it!
pardon my French	id.	the phrase is uttered in an attempt to excuse the user of profanity or curses in the presence of those offended by it under the pretense of the words being part of a foreign language	Syn.: excuse my French
armed to the teeth	adj.	heavily armed or well-equipped, whether with literal weapons or figuratively, well-prepared ; a possible origin of the phrase are the movies where you’d see pirates biting into their knives, another being the knights covered in armor from head to foot, fully armed to the teeth	She was quite confident when she appeared in court for the divorce. With her boxes of evidence of her husband’s affairs, she was armed to the teeth and poised to win!
it’s all Greek to me	id.	phrase used to qualify something appearing to you incomprehensible or hard to understand	According to Albert, this partial differential equation was beautiful, harmonious, speaking louder than any words while it was all Greek to me and just looked like fly droppings on a sheet of paper!
backronym	n.	a false acronym created «backwards», i.e. from a phrase deliberately invented to generate the acronym, e.g. posh «port out starboard home».
wet behind the ears	adj.	phrase to qualify someone naive, inexperienced or immature; it alludes to newborn animals totally wet from the amniotic fluid during birth.The mother would then proceed to lick the baby animal thoroughly, but the indentation behind the ears (typically with a baby calf) would still be wet.	[Fig.];[Hum.];[Iron.] Only two days over the buisness and this still wet behind the ears rookie claimed to teach me my job! / Phil is not wet behind the ears and not the type to be easily undermined
more holes than a Swiss cheese	adj.	a phrase to qualify something that has a lot of faults and problems. If an argument or a story has more holes than the distinctive gaps in the said Swiss cheese, it’s definitely got a lot of issues.	Ex.: I didn’t enjoy his last movie at all; the plot had more holes than a Swiss cheese and the scenario was totally improbable.
everything but the kitchen sink	exp.	everything imaginable (possibly including the unnecessary ones) ; the phrase humorously evokes the image of someone who, for instance, would relocate, taking with him the entire contents of the house, except, for fairly obvious reasons, the kitchen sink!	Ex.: If I listened to you, we’d take everything but the kitchen sink. I remind you that we’re going on holiday for one week; we’re not relocating!
when life gives you lemons, make lemonade!	exp.	make the best out of a difficult situation ; turn sth negative into a positive. By making sth sweet (lemonade) out of sth bitter (lemon), the phrase encourages to look on the bright side of life even in the face of adversity or misfortune	When life gives you lemons, make lemonade; but when life gives you melons, you might be dyslexic!