Magic word if not found

Magic words are a technique for mapping a variety of wiki text strings to a single ID that is associated with a function.
Both variables and parser functions use this technique.
All text mapped to that ID will be replaced with the return value of the function.
The mapping between the text strings and the ID is stored in the variable $magicWords in a file that can be loaded using $wgExtensionMessagesFiles[].

The default magic words are implemented in CoreParserFunctions.php.

How magic words work[edit]

Whenever MediaWiki finds text between double braces ({{XXX ...}}) it must decide whether XXX is a variable, parser function, or template. To do so, it asks a series of questions:

1. Does it have an associated magic word ID? As a first step in resolving markup of the form {{XXX...}}, MediaWiki attempts to translate XXX to a magic word ID. The translation table is defined by $magicWords.
   • If no magic word ID is associated with XXX, XXX is presumed to be a template.

2. Is it a variable? If a magic word ID is found, MediaWiki next checks to see if it has any parameters.
   • If no parameters are found, MediaWiki checks to see if the magic word ID has been declared as a variable ID. To check this, it retrieves the list of magic words serving by calling MagicWord::getVariableIDs(). This method gets its list of variable IDs from a hard coded list of variable IDs (see Help:Variables) and from a list of custom variable IDs provided by all functions attached to the hook MagicWordwgVariableIDs.
     • If the magic word ID has been classified as a variable, hooks MediaWiki calls the functions associated with the event name ParserGetVariableValueSwitch until one is found that recognizes the magic word and can return its value.

3. Is it a parser function? If there are any parameters or if the magic word ID is missing from the list of variable magic word IDs, then MediaWiki assumes that the magic word is a parser function or template. If the magic word ID is found in the list of parser functions declared via a call to $wgParser->setFunctionHook($magicWordId, $renderingFunctionName), it is treated as a parser function and rendered using the function named $renderingFunctionName. Otherwise, it is presumed to be a template.

Defining magic words[edit]

For magic words to do their magic we must define two things:

• a mapping between wiki text and a magic word ID
• a mapping between a magic word ID and some php function that interprets the magic word.

Mapping wiki text to magic word IDs[edit]

The variable $magicWords is used to associate each magic word ID with a language-dependent array that describes all the text strings that mapped to the magic word ID.
Important: This only sets up the back end i18n mapping, you still have to write other code to make MediaWiki use the magic word for anything.
Also, make sure that you initialize $magicWords as an empty array before adding language-specific values or you will get errors when trying to load the magic word and will need to rebuild your localization cache before it will work.

The first element of this array is an integer flag indicating whether or not the magic word is case sensitive. The remaining elements are a list of text that should be associated with the magic word ID. If the case sensitive flag is 0, any case variant of the names in the array will match. If the case sensitive flag is 1, only exact case matches will be associated with the magic word ID.
Thus the format is $magicWords['en'] = [ 'InternalName' => [ 0, 'NameUserTypes', 'AdditionalAliasUserCanType' ] ];

This association is created by $magicWords in a file registered using $wgExtensionMessagesFiles[].

In the example below, a Spanish MediaWiki installation will associate the magic word ID ‘MAG_CUSTOM’ with «personalizado», «custom», «PERSONALIZADO», «CUSTOM» and all other case variants.
In an English MediaWiki only «custom» in various case combinations will be mapped to ‘MAG_CUSTOM’:

File Example.i18n.magic.php:

<?php

$magicWords = [];

$magicWords['en'] = [
	'MAG_CUSTOM' => [ 0, 'custom' ],
];

$magicWords['es'] = [
	'MAG_CUSTOM' => [ 0, 'personalizado' ],
];

In part of the extension.json file:

"ExtensionMessagesFiles": {
	"ExampleMagic": "Example.i18n.magic.php"
}

Note that «ExampleMagic» is a different to the key you would use for a plain internationalization file (normally just the title of the extension, i.e. «Example»). «Magic» has been appended deliberately so one does not overwrite the other.

In inline PHP[edit]

You can associate magic words inline in PHP rather than through a i18n file.
This is useful when defining hooks in LocalSettings.php but should not be done in extensions.

MediaWikiMediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getContentLanguage()->mMagicExtensions['wikicodeToHtml'] = ['MAG_CUSTOM', 'custom'];

Associating a magic word ID with a PHP function[edit]

The mechanism for associating magic word IDs with rendering functions depends on whether the magic word will be used as a parser function or a variable. For more information, please see:

• Manual:Parser functions
• Manual:Variables

Localisation[edit]

See Help:Magic words#Localisation for help.

You can read more on definition and usage of magic words for localisation at Manual:Messages API, Manual:Language#Namespaces; Avoid {{SITENAME}} in messages.

Behavior switches (double underscore magic words)[edit]

Behavior switches are a special type of magic word. They can be recognized by their use of double underscores (rather than double braces).
Example:
__NOTOC__

These magic words typically do not output any content, but instead change the behavior of a page and/or set a page property.
These magic words are listed in MagicWordFactory::mDoubleUnderscoreIDs and also at Help:Magic words#Behavior switches.
The effect of most standard behavior switches is defined in Parser::handleDoubleUnderscore().
If no specific effect is defined, the magic word will simply set a page property in the page_props table.
This can also be checked later by testing if $parser->getOutput()->getPageProperty( 'MAGIC_WORD' ) is null or the empty string

Custom behavior switch[edit]

Here is an example extension implementing a custom __CUSTOM__ behaviour switch

custom/extension.json — This is minimal, a real extension would fill out more fields.

{
	"name": "Custom",
	"type": "parserhook",
	"AutoloadClasses": {
		"MyHooks": "MyHooks.php"
	},
	"Hooks": {
		"GetDoubleUnderscoreIDs": [
			"MyHooks::onGetDoubleUnderscoreIDs"
		],
		"ParserAfterParse": [
			"MyHooks::onParserAfterParse"
		]
	},
	"ExtensionMessagesFiles": {
		"CustomMagic": "custom.i18n.php"
	},
	"manifest_version": 1
}

custom/custom.i18n.php

<?php
$magicWords = [];
$magicWords['en'] = [
	'MAG_CUSTOM' => [ 0, '__CUSTOM__' ],
];

custom/MyHooks.php

<?php
class MyHooks {
	public static function onGetDoubleUnderscoreIDs( &$ids ) {
		$ids[] = 'MAG_CUSTOM';
	}

	public static function onParserAfterParse( Parser $parser, &$text, StripState $stripState ) {
		if ( $parser->getOutput()->getPageProperty( 'MAG_CUSTOM' ) !== null ) {
			// Do behavior switching here ...
			// e.g. If you wanted to add some JS, you would do $parser->getOutput()->addModules( 'moduleName' );
		}
	}
}

See also[edit]

• Help:Magic words — List of Variables like {{PAGENAME}} and {{SERVER}}

Magic words are strings of text that MediaWiki associates with a return value or function, such as time, site details, or page names. This page is about usage of standard magic words; for a technical reference, see Manual:Magic words.

There are three general types of magic words:

• Behavior switches: these are uppercase words surrounded by double underscores, e.g. __FOO__
• Variables: these are uppercase words surrounded by double braces, e.g. {{FOO}}. As such, they look a lot like templates.
• Parser functions: these take parameters and are either of the form {{foo:...}} or {{#foo:...}}. See also Help:Extension:ParserFunctions.

Page-dependent magic words will affect or return data about the current page (by default), even if the word is added through a transcluded template or included system message.

Behavior switches

A behavior switch controls the layout or behaviour of the page and can often be used to specify desired omissions and inclusions in the content.

Variables

Variables return information about the current page, wiki, or date. Their syntax is similar to templates. Variables marked as «[expensive]» are tracked by the software, and the number that can be included on a page is limited.

If a template name conflicts with a variable, the variable will be used (so to transclude the template Template:PAGENAME you would need to write {{Template:PAGENAME}}). In some cases, adding parameters will force the parser to invoke a template; for example, {{CURRENTDAYNAME|x}} transcludes Template:CURRENTDAYNAME not the variable.

Date and time

The following variables return the current date and time in UTC.

Due to MediaWiki and browser caching, these variables frequently show when the page was cached rather than the current time.

The following variables do the same as the above, but using the site’s server config or $wgLocaltimezone.

• {{LOCALYEAR}}
• {{LOCALMONTH}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAME}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAMEGEN}}
• {{LOCALMONTHABBREV}}
• {{LOCALDAY}}
• {{LOCALDAY2}}
• {{LOCALDOW}}
• {{LOCALDAYNAME}}
• {{LOCALTIME}}
• {{LOCALHOUR}}
• {{LOCALWEEK}}
• {{LOCALTIMESTAMP}}

For more thorough time formatting, you may want to install Extension:ParserFunctions to use the #time parser function

Technical metadata

Revision variables return data about the latest edit to the current page, even if viewing an older version of the page.

Statistics

Numbers returned by these variables normally contain separators (commas or spaces, depending on the local language), but can return raw numbers with the «:R» flag (for example, {{NUMBEROFPAGES}} → 29,155 and {{NUMBEROFPAGES:R}} → 29155). Use «|R» for magic words that require a parameter like PAGESINCATEGORY (for example {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help}} and {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help|R}}). Also applicable to {{PAGESIZE:page name}} above.

Page names

The {{BASEPAGENAME}} and {{SUBPAGENAME}} magic words only work in namespaces that have subpages enabled. See Manual:$wgNamespacesWithSubpages for information on enabling subpages.

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (i.e. spaces replaced with underscores and some characters percent-encoded):

• {{FULLPAGENAMEE}}
• {{PAGENAMEE}}
• {{BASEPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBJECTPAGENAMEE}}
• {{TALKPAGENAMEE}}

As of 1.15+, these can all take a parameter, allowing specification of the page to be operated on, instead of just the current page:

• {{PAGENAME:Template:Main Page}} → Main Page

Warning:

Page titles containing certain characters, such as single quotes (‘) or asterisks *, may produce unexpected results when handled with these magic words, e.g. {{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{PAGENAME}}}}. See bugs 14779, 16474.

Namespaces

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (spaces replaced with underscores and some characters percent-encoded):

• {{NAMESPACEE}}
• {{SUBJECTSPACEE}}
• {{TALKSPACEE}}

As of 1.15+, these can take a page name parameter and will return the namespace of the page name parameter, instead of the current page’s:

• {{NAMESPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Template
• {{SUBJECTSPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Template
• {{TALKSPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Template talk

Parser functions

Parser functions are very similar to variables, but take one or more parameters (technically, any magic word that takes a parameter is a parser function), and the name is sometimes prefixed with a hash to distinguish them from templates.

This page only describes parser functions that are integral to the MediaWiki software. Other parser functions may be added by MediaWiki extensions such as the ParserFunctions extension. For those see Help:Extension:ParserFunctions.

URL data

Namespaces

{{ns:}} returns the localized name for the namespace with that index. {{nse:}} is the equivalent encoded for MediaWiki URLs. It does the same, but it replaces spaces with underscores, making it usable in external links.

Formatting

Usage	Input → Output	Description	Version
{{lc:string}}	{{lc:DATA CENTER}} → data center	The lowercase input.	1.5+
{{lcfirst:string}}	{{lcfirst:DATA center}} → dATA center	The input with the very first character lowercase.	1.5+
{{uc:string}}	{{uc:text transform}} → TEXT TRANSFORM	The uppercase input.	1.5+
{{ucfirst:string}}	{{ucfirst:text TRANSFORM}} → Text TRANSFORM	The input with the very first character uppercase.	1.5+
{{formatnum:unformatted num}} {{formatnum:formatted num|R}}	{{formatnum:987654321.654321}} → 987,654,321.654321 {{formatnum:987,654,321.654321|R}} → 987654321.654321	The input with decimal and decimal group separators, and localized digit script, according to the wiki’s default locale. The |R parameter can be used to unformat a number, for use in mathematical situations.	1.7+ 1.13+
{{#dateformat:date}} {{#formatdate:date}} {{#dateformat:date|format}} {{#formatdate:date|format}}	{{#dateformat:25 deC 2009|ymd}} → 2009 DeC 25 (your pref), 2009 DeC 25 (default) {{#formatdate:dec 25,2009|dmy}} → 25 Dec 2009 (your pref), 25 Dec 2009 (default) {{#dateformat:2009-12-25|mdy}} → December 25, 2009 (your pref), December 25, 2009 (default) {{#formatdate:2009 dec 25|ISO 8601}} → 2009-12-25 (your pref), 2009-12-25 (default) {{#dateformat:25 decEmber|mdy}} → DecEmber 25 (your pref), DecEmber 25 (default) Note: In the example above, «your pref» refers to your date preference on the current MediaWiki wiki only.	Formats an unlinked date based on user «Date format» preference, and adds metadata tagging it as a formatted date. For logged-out users and those who have not set a date format in their preferences, dates can be given a default: mdy, dmy, ymd, ISO 8601 (all case sensitive). If only the month and day are given, only mdy and dmy are valid. If a format is not specified or is invalid, the input format is used as a default. If the supplied date is not recognized as a valid date (specifically, if it contains any metadata such as from a nested use of these or a similar template), it is rendered unchanged, and no (additional) metadata is generated. Warning: Although the ISO 8601 standard requires that dates be in the Gregorian calendar, the ISO parameter in this function will still format dates that fall outside the usual Gregorian range (e.g. dates prior to 1583). Also, the magic word cannot properly convert between negative years (used with ISO 8601) and years BC or years BCE (used in general writing).	1.15+
{{padleft:xyz|stringlength}} {{padleft:xyz|strlen|char}} {{padleft:xyz|strlen|string}}	{{padleft:xyz|5}} → 00xyz {{padleft:xyz|5|_}} → __xyz {{padleft:xyz|5|abc}} → abxyz {{padleft:xyz|2}} → xyz {{padleft:|1|xyz}} → x (first character of the string)	Inserts a string of padding characters (character chosen in third parameter; default ‘0’) of a specified length (second parameter) next to a chosen base character or variable (first parameter). The final digits or characters in the base replace the final characters in the padding; i.e. {{padleft:44|3|0}} produces 044. The padding string may be truncated if its length does not evenly divide the required number of characters. bug (fixed in r45734): multibyte characters are interpreted as two characters, which can skew width. These also cannot be used as padding characters.	1.8+
{{padright:xyz|stringlength}} {{padright:xyz|strlen|char}} {{padright:xyz|strlen|string}}	{{padright:xyz|5}} → xyz00 {{padright:xyz|5|_}} → xyz__ {{padright:xyz|5|abc}} → xyzab {{padright:xyz|2}} → xyz {{padright:|1|xyz} → x	Identical to padleft, but adds padding characters to the right side.
{{plural:2|is|are}}	{{plural:1|is|are}} → is {{plural:2|is|are}} → are	Outputs the correct given pluralization form (parameters except first) depending on the count (first parameter). Plural transformations are used for languages like Russian based on «count mod 10».
{{grammar:N|noun}}		Outputs the correct inflected form of the given word described by the inflection code after the colon (language-dependent). Grammar transformations are used for inflected languages like Polish. See also Manual:$wgGrammarForms.	1.7+

Miscellaneous

Magic words are strings of text that MediaWiki associates with a return value or function, such as time, site details, or page names.

There are three general types of magic words:

• Behavior switches: these are uppercase words surrounded by double underscores, e.g. __FOO__
• Variables: these are uppercase words surrounded by double braces, e.g. {{FOO}}. As such, they look a lot like templates.
• Parser functions: these take parameters and are either of the form {{foo:...}} or {{#foo:...}}. See also Help:Extension:ParserFunctions.

Page-dependent magic words will affect or return data about the current page (by default), even if the word is added through a transcluded template or included system message.

Behavior switches

A behavior switch controls the layout or behavior of the page and can often be used to specify desired omissions and inclusions in the content.

Variables

Variables return information about the current page, wiki, or date. Their syntax is similar to templates. Variables marked as «[expensive]» are tracked by the software, and the number that can be included on a page is limited.

If a template name conflicts with a variable, the variable will be used (so to transclude the template «PAGENAME» you would need to write {{Шаблон:PAGENAME}}). In some cases, adding parameters will force the parser to invoke a template; for example, {{CURRENTDAYNAME|x}} transcludes «{{Template:CURRENTDAYNAME}}«, not the variable.

Date and time

The following variables return the current date and time in UTC.

Due to MediaWiki and browser caching, these variables frequently show when the page was cached rather than the current time. The date and time magic words are formatted in the english language.

The following variables do the same as the above, but using the site’s server config or $wgLocaltimezone.

• {{LOCALYEAR}}
• {{LOCALMONTH}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAME}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAMEGEN}}
• {{LOCALMONTHABBREV}}
• {{LOCALDAY}}
• {{LOCALDAY2}}
• {{LOCALDOW}}
• {{LOCALDAYNAME}}
• {{LOCALTIME}}
• {{LOCALHOUR}}
• {{LOCALWEEK}}
• {{LOCALTIMESTAMP}}

For more thorough time formatting, you may want to use the #time parser function.

Technical metadata

Note: Revision variables return data about the latest edit to the current page, even if viewing an older version of the page.

Statistics

Numbers returned by these variables normally contain separators (commas or spaces, depending on the local language), but can return raw numbers with the «:R» flag (for example, {{NUMBEROFPAGES}} → 1778 and {{NUMBEROFPAGES:R}} → 1778). Use «|R» for magic words that require a parameter like PAGESINCATEGORY (for example {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help}} and {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help|R}}). Also applicable to {{PAGESIZE:page name}} above.

The number magic words are formatted in the english language.

Page names

The {{BASEPAGENAME}} and {{SUBPAGENAME}} magic words only work in namespaces that have subpages enabled.

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (i.e. spaces replaced with underscores and some characters percent-encoded):

• {{FULLPAGENAMEE}}
• {{PAGENAMEE}}
• {{BASEPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBJECTPAGENAMEE}}
• {{TALKPAGENAMEE}}

These can all take a parameter, allowing specification of the page to be operated on, instead of just the current page:

• {{PAGENAME:Template:Main Page}} → Main Page

Предупреждение: Page titles containing certain characters, such as single quotes (') or asterisks (*), may produce unexpected results when handled with these magic words, e.g. {{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{PAGENAME}}}}. See bugs 14779, 16474.

Note that {{PAGENAME}}, {{PAGENAMEE}} and {{urlencode:}} have distinct implementations. See Manual:PAGENAMEE encoding for details.

Namespaces

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (spaces replaced with underscores and some characters percent-encoded):

• {{NAMESPACEE}}
• {{SUBJECTSPACEE}}
• {{TALKSPACEE}}

These can take a full-page-name parameter and will return the requested namespace associated with that page, instead of with the current page:

• {{NAMESPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Шаблон
• {{SUBJECTSPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Шаблон
• {{TALKSPACE:Template:Main Page}} → Обсуждение шаблона

Parameter must not be a namespace name:

• {{SUBJECTSPACE:Help talk}} → ‘

Parser functions

Parser functions are very similar to variables, but take one or more parameters (technically, any magic word that takes a parameter is a parser function), and the name is sometimes prefixed with a hash to distinguish them from templates.

This page only describes parser functions that are integral to the MediaWiki software. Other parser functions are added by the ParserFunctions extension. For those see Help:Extension:ParserFunctions.

URL data

Namespaces

{{ns:}} returns the current localized name for the namespace with that index, canonical name, or local alias. Thus {{ns:6}}, {{ns:File}}, and {{ns:Image}} (an old name for the File namespace) all return «Файл». On a wiki where the content language was French, {{ns:Fichier}} would also be valid, but {{ns:Datei}} (the localisation of «File» into German) would not.

{{nse:}} is the equivalent encoded for MediaWiki URLs. It does the same, but it replaces spaces with underscores, making it usable in external links.

Formatting

see also: Extension:StringFunctions

Miscellaneous

«WP:MAGIC» redirects here. For help on the automatic transformation of wikitext, see Help:Magic. For the WikiProject on stage magic and illusions, see WikiDevi:WikiProject Magic.

Magic words (which include parser functions, variables and behavior switches) are features of wikitext that enable various instructions to be given to the MediaWiki software (for example, to suppress or position the table of contents), or else serve to produce variable output, as is often required in templates.

A quick reference for magic words can be found on this page. For more complete and updated documentation, refer to the following pages on the MediaWiki site:

• mw:Help:Magic words for all standard magic words, including the «standard» parser functions
• mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions for some additional parser functions, including conditional expressions

General information

There are three types of magic words:

• Behavior switches: uppercase words surrounded by double underscores, e.g. __NOTOC__, or keywords using parser function syntax
• Variables: uppercase words surrounded by double braces, e.g. {{PAGENAME}} (thus resembling templates)
• Parser functions: keywords (some beginning #) in double braces with parameters after a colon, e.g. {{#expr:2+2}}

Some magic words are case-insensitive, but not all. White space is stripped from the start and end of keywords and parameters, as in template syntax.

Page-dependent magic words will affect or return data about the current page, even if the word is added through a transcluded template or included system message.

It is possible to substitute parser functions and variables in the same way that templates are substituted (using the subst: keyword). This causes their current value (as evaluated at the time of substitution) to be written into the wikitext.

Behavior switches

For documentation, refer to the Behavior Switches section of the MediaWiki page.

• __NOTOC__ (can appear anywhere in the wikitext; suppresses the table of contents)
• __FORCETOC__ (can appear anywhere in the wikitext; makes a table of contents appear in its normal position above the first header)
• {{TIDTOC}} (places a table of contents at the word’s position)

• __NOEDITSECTION__ (hides the section «edit» links beside all headings on the page) (use <h2> tags to hide the edit link for one header only)
• __NEWSECTIONLINK__ (adds a «+» link for adding a new section on a non-«Talk» page)
• __NONEWSECTIONLINK__ (removes the «+» link on «Talk» pages)

• __NOGALLERY__ (on a category page, replaces thumbnails with normal links)
• __HIDDENCAT__ (on a category page, makes it a hidden category)
• __INDEX__ (tells search engines to index the page)
• __NOINDEX__ (tells search engines not to index the page)
• __STATICREDIRECT__ (On redirect pages, don’t allow MediaWiki to automatically update the link when someone moves a page and checks «Update any redirects that point to the original title», also used to tell interwikibots that this redirect might be seen as an article)

• {{DISPLAYTITLE:title}} (changes the displayed form of the page title)
• {{DEFAULTSORT:sortkey}} (sets a default category sort key)

• {{noexternallanglinks}} to suppress all Wikidata automatic interlanguage links. Equivalent to {{noexternallanglinks:*}}. Links for individual languages can be suppressed by specifying language codes in a pipe-separated list, e.g. {{noexternallanglinks:fr|es|ja}}. See mw:Extension:Wikibase Client#noexternallanglinks.

Variables

For documentation, refer to the Variables section of the MediaWiki page.

• {{FULLPAGENAME}} (page title including namespace)
• {{PAGENAME}} (page title excluding namespace)
• {{BASEPAGENAME}} (page title excluding current subpage and namespace — effectively the parent page without the namespace.)
• {{SUBPAGENAME}} (subpage part of title)
• {{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}, {{ARTICLEPAGENAME}} (associated non-talk page)
• {{TALKPAGENAME}} (associated talk page)
• {{NAMESPACE}} (namespace of current page)
• {{SUBJECTSPACE}}, {{ARTICLESPACE}} (associated non-talk namespace)
• {{TALKSPACE}} (associated talk namespace)
• {{FULLPAGENAMEE}}, {{NAMESPACEE}} etc. (equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs)

The above can all take a parameter, to operate on a page other than the current page.

• {{SITENAME}} (WikiDevi.Wi-Cat.RU)
• {{SERVER}} (https://wikidevi.wi-cat.ru)
• {{SERVERNAME}} (wikidevi.wi-cat.ru)
• {{SCRIPTPATH}} ()
• {{CURRENTVERSION}} (current MediaWiki version)
• {{REVISIONID}} (latest revision to current page)
• {{REVISIONDAY}}, {{REVISIONDAY2}}, {{REVISIONMONTH}}, {{REVISIONYEAR}}, {{REVISIONTIMESTAMP}}, {{REVISIONUSER}} (date, time, editor at last edit)

• {{CURRENTYEAR}}, {{CURRENTMONTH}}, {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}, {{CURRENTMONTHABBREV}}, {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTDAY2}}, {{CURRENTDOW}}, {{CURRENTDAYNAME}}, {{CURRENTTIME}}, {{CURRENTHOUR}}, {{CURRENTWEEK}}, {{CURRENTTIMESTAMP}} (current date/time variables)
• {{LOCALYEAR}} etc. (as above, based on site’s local time)

• {{NUMBEROFPAGES}}, {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}, {{NUMBEROFFILES}}, {{NUMBEROFEDITS}}, {{NUMBEROFVIEWS}}, {{NUMBEROFUSERS}}, {{NUMBEROFADMINS}}, {{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} (statistics on English WikiDevi; add :R to return numbers without commas)

Parser functions

These are fully documented at the Meta magic words page or ParserFunctions Extension documentation unless otherwise stated.

Metadata

• {{PAGEID}} (unique page identifier number)
• {{PAGESIZE:page name}} (size of page in bytes)
• {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:action}} (protection level for given action on the current page)
• {{PENDINGCHANGELEVEL}} (level of pending changes protection on the current page)
• {{PAGESINCATEGORY:categoryname}} (number of pages in the given category)
• {{NUMBERINGROUP:groupname}} (number of users in a specific group)

Add |R to return numbers without commas.

Formatting

• {{lc:string}} (convert to lower case)
• {{lcfirst:string}} (convert first character to lower case)
• {{uc:string}} (convert to upper case)
• {{ucfirst:string}} (convert first character to upper case)
• {{formatnum:unformatted num}} (format a number with comma separators; add |R to unformat a number)
• {{#formatdate:date|format}} (formats a date according to user preferences; a default can be given as an optional case-sensitive second parameter for users without date preference; can convert a date from an existing format to any of dmy, mdy, ymd or ISO 8601 formats, with the user’s preference overriding the specified format)
• {{padleft:xyz|stringlength}}, {{padright:xyz|stringlength}} (pad with zeros to the right or left; an alternative padding string can be given as a third parameter; the alternative padding string may be truncated if its length does not evenly divide the required number of characters)
• {{plural:n|is|are}} (produces alternative text according to whether n is greater than 1)
• {{#time:format string|date/time object}} (for date/time formatting; also #timel for local time. Covered at the extension documentation page.)
• {{gender:username|masculine|feminine|neutral}} (produces alternative text according to the gender specified by the given user in his/her preferences)
• {{#tag:tagname|content|parameter1=value1|parameter2=value2}} (equivalent to an HTML tag or pair of tags; can be used for nesting references)

Paths

• {{localurl:page name}}, {{localurl:page name|query string}} (relative path to the title)
• {{fullurl:page name}}, {{fullurl:page name|query_string}} (absolute path to the title, without a protocol prefix)
• {{canonicalurl:page name}}, {{canonicalurl:page name|query_string}} (absolute path to the title, with a protocol prefix)
• {{filepath:file name}} (absolute URL to a media file)
• {{urlencode:string}} (input encoded for use in URL query strings: like+this)
  • {{urlencode:string|PATH}} (input encoded for use in URL paths: like%20this)
  • {{urlencode:string|WIKI}} (input encoded for use as MediaWiki page names: like_this)
• {{anchorencode:string}} (input encoded for use in MediaWiki URL section anchors)
• {{ns:n}} (name for the namespace with index n; use {{nse:}} for the equivalent encoded for MediaWiki URLs)
• {{#rel2abs: path }} (converts a relative file path to absolute; see the extension documentation)
• {{#titleparts: pagename | number of segments to return | first segment to return }} (splits title into parts; see the extension documentation)

Conditional expressions

These are covered at the extension documentation page. Some parameters are optional.

• {{#expr: expression }} (evaluates the given expression; see Help:Calculation)
• {{#if: test string | value if non-empty | value if empty }} (selects one of two values based on whether the test string is empty)
• {{#ifeq: string 1 | string 2 | value if equal | value if unequal }} (selects one of two values based on whether the test strings are equal – numerically if applicable)
• {{#iferror: test string | value if error | value if correct }} (selects value based on whether the test string generates a parser error)
• {{#ifexpr: expression | value if true | value if false }} (selects value based on evaluation of expression)
• {{#ifexist: page title | value if exists | value if doesn’t exist }} (selects value depending on whether a page title exists)
• {{#switch: test | case1 = value for case 1 | … | default }} (provides alternatives based on the value of the test string)

Note that with #if: expressions, a variable like {{{1}}} always requires a final pipe: {{{1|}}}. If it is absent, then whenever the parameter 1 is absent, instead of leaving the field blank the software will use the actual text {{{1}}} and the field will never be empty.

For the use of these functions in tables, see Conditional tables.

Other

• {{#babel: babelcode1 | babelcode2 | ... }} (replacement for the {{babel}} template; see Extension:Babel)
• {{#coordinates: arg1 | arg2 | ... }} (see Extension:GeoData)
• {{#invoke: module | function | arg1 | arg2 | ... }} (calls a function located in a Scribunto module; see WikiDevi:Lua)

See also

• mw:Internationalisation
• Adding parser functions
• CoreParserFunctions.php
• wikEd, a MediaWiki editor with syntax highlighting for templates and parser functions

13 Years Ago



sravan953


0 Tallied Votes



5K
Views

import java.io.*;
class magic_word
{
static void magic()throws IOException
    {
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        System.out.println("Enter a word: ");
        String s=br.readLine();
        int counter=0;
        for(int i=0;i<s.length()-1;i++)
            {
                char a=s.charAt(i);
                char b=s.charAt(i+1);
                int x=(int)a;
                int y=(int)b;
                if(y==x+1)
                    {
                        System.out.println("Magic word!");
                        counter++;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(counter==0)
                    {
                        System.out.println("Not a Magic word");
                    }
                }
            }

Wiki Help Tables and templates Magic words

This help article will guide you as you edit in the Wiki. See Contributor Help for more help articles.

Much of the information on this page explains options for users who wish to create templates with advanced features. Most users will only be interested in some of the behavior switches listed below.

Magic words (which include parser functions, variables and behavior switches) are features of wikitext that enable various instructions to be given to the MediaWiki software (for example, to suppress or position the table of contents), or else serve to produce variable output, as is often required in templates.

A quick reference for magic words can be found on this page. For more complete and updated documentation, refer to following pages on the MediaWiki site:

• mw:Help:Magic words for all standard magic words, including the «standard» parser functions
• mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions for some additional parser functions, including conditional expressions

General information[edit | edit source]

There are three types of magic words:

Behavior switches — uppercase words surrounded by double underscores, e.g. __NOTOC__, or keywords using parser function syntax

Variables — uppercase words surrounded by double braces, e.g. {{PAGENAME}} (thus resembling templates)

Parser functions — keywords (some beginning #) in double braces with parameters after a colon, e.g. {{#expr:2+2}}

Some magic words are case-insensitive, but not all. Whitespace is stripped from the start and end of keywords and parameters, as in template syntax. Page-dependent magic words will affect or return data about the current page, even if the word is added through a transcluded template or included system message. It is possible to substitute parser functions and variables in the same way that templates are substituted (using the subst: keyword). This causes their current value (as evaluated at the time of substitution) to be written into the wikitext.

Behavior switches[edit | edit source]

For documentation, refer to the mw:Behavior Switches section of the MediaWiki page.

Variables[edit | edit source]

For documentation, refer to the mw:Variables section of the MediaWiki page.

The above can all take a parameter, to operate on a page other than the current page.

Namespaces[edit | edit source]

Parser functions[edit | edit source]

These are documented at the mw:main documentation page unless otherwise stated.

Metadata[edit | edit source]

Add |R to return numbers without commas.

Formatting[edit | edit source]

Paths[edit | edit source]

Conditional expressions[edit | edit source]

These are covered at the mw:extension documentation page. Some parameters are optional.

For the use of these functions in tables, see Conditional tables.

See also[edit | edit source]

	Questions? Visit the Get Help to receive help with contributing to the Wiki.

• mw:Internationalisation
• mw:Adding parser functions
• CoreParserFunctions.php
• wikEd, a MediaWiki editor with syntax highlighting for templates and parser functions

__NORICHEDITOR__

In other languages: English | português |

Magic words are special strings of text that MediaWiki associates with a return value or function. This page explains the standard magic words on the Scratch Wiki.

There are three general types of magic words:

• Behavior switches: these are usually uppercase words surrounded by double underscores, e.g. «__BAR__«.
• Variables: these are uppercase words surrounded by double braces, e.g. «{{BAZ}}«. As such, they are commonly confused with templates.
• Parser functions: these take parameters and are either of the form «{{foo:...}}» or «{{#foo:...}}«

Variables and parser functions can use subst:, just like templates. Page-dependent magic words will affect or return data about the current page (by default), even if the word is added through a transcluded template or included system message.

Note:

Parameters that are underlined are optional; parameters that are in italics are mandatory.

Behavior switches

A behavior switch controls the layout or behavior of the page and can often be used to specify desired omissions and inclusions in the content.

Variables

Variables return information about the current page, date, or wiki. Their syntax is similar to that of templates. Variables here marked as [expensive] can only have a limited number of them put on a page.

If a template name conflicts with a variable, the variable will be used; i.e. to transclude the template one would have to include the Template: namespace). However, in some cases passing parameters to the variable will transclude the template instead (e.g. {{CURRENTDAYNAME|foo}} transcludes Template:CURRENTDAYNAME, not the variable).

Date and time

These variables return the current date and time in UTC.

Due to browser caching, these variables often show the cached time instead of the actual time.

The following variables do the same thing as above but they show the site’s server config.

• {{LOCALYEAR}}
• {{LOCALMONTH}}
• {{LOCALMONTH1}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAME}}
• {{LOCALMONTHNAMEGEN}}
• {{LOCALMONTHABBREV}}
• {{LOCALDAY}}
• {{LOCALDAY2}}
• {{LOCALDOW}}
• {{LOCALDAYNAME}}
• {{LOCALTIME}}
• {{LOCALHOUR}}
• {{LOCALWEEK}}
• {{LOCALTIMESTAMP}}

Technical metadata

Note: Revision variables return data about the latest edit to the current page, even if viewing an older version of the page.

Statistics

Numbers returned by these variables normally contain separators (commas, dots or spaces, depending on the local language) but can return raw numbers with the «:R» flag (for example, {{NUMBEROFPAGES}}→22,985 and {{NUMBEROFPAGES:R}}→22985).

Use «|R» for magic words that require a parameter like PAGESINCATEGORY (for example {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help}} and {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help|R}}, or {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help|subcats}} and {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Help|subcats|R}}). Also applicable to {{PAGESIZE:page name}} hereinbefore.

Page names

The {{BASEPAGENAME}} and {{SUBPAGENAME}} magic words only work in namespaces that have subpages enabled.

URL encoded page names

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (i.e. spaces replaced with underscores and some characters HTML escaped using numeric character encoding):

• {{FULLPAGENAMEE}}
• {{PAGENAMEE}}
• {{BASEPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBPAGENAMEE}}
• {{SUBJECTPAGENAMEE}}
• {{ARTICLEPAGENAMEE}}
• {{TALKPAGENAMEE}}
• {{ROOTPAGENAMEE}}

Namespaces

The following are equivalents encoded for use in MediaWiki URLs (spaces replaced with underscores and some characters percent-encoded):

• {{NAMESPACEE}}
• {{SUBJECTSPACEE}}
• {{ARTICLESPACEE}}
• {{TALKSPACEE}}

These can take a full-page-name parameter and will return the requested namespace associated with that page, instead of with the current page:

• {{NAMESPACE:Scratch Wiki Home}}→(pages in mainspace will return empty)
• {{NAMESPACE:Template:E}}→Template
• {{SUBJECTSPACE:Template:E}}→Template
• {{TALKSPACE:Template:E}}→Template talk

Parameter must not be a namespace name:

• {{SUBJECTSPACE:Help talk}}→(Empty)

Other

Parser functions

Main page: Help:ParserFunctions

Parser functions are very similar to variables but take one or more parameters (technically, any magic word that takes a parameter is a parser function), and the name is sometimes prefixed with a hash to distinguish them from templates.

Technical metadata of another page

URL data

Namespaces

{{ns:}} returns the current localized name for the namespace with that index, canonical name, or local alias. Thus {{ns:6}}, {{ns:File}}, and {{ns:Image}} (an old name for the File namespace) all return «File».

{{nse:}} is the equivalent encoded for MediaWiki URLs. It does the same, but it replaces spaces with underscores, making it usable in external links.

Formatting

Localization

Usage	Input → Output	Description
{{plural:which|singular|plural}}	{{plural:0|is|are}}→are {{plural:1|is|are}}→is {{plural:2|is|are}}→are {{plural:-1|is|are}}→is	Returns the singular form (second parameter) if which (first parameter) is a number with an absolute value equal to one. Returns the plural form (third parameter) otherwise. Any number (including decimals and negative numbers) are accepted, and a limited number of expressions is also accepted
{{grammar:inflection|word}}	{{grammar:N|explode}}→explode	Returns the correctly inflected form of the given word. Inflections are in short form (e.g. N for noun or ADJ for adjective)
{{gender:username|text for every gender}} {{gender:username|male text|female text|text for unspecified}}	{{gender:mres|them}}→them {{gender:mres|him|her|them}}→them	A switch for the gender set in Special:Preferences. Note: If text for unspecified is not specified and the user’s gender is unspecified, male text is returned

Transclusion modifiers

Miscellaneous