Lowercase first letter word

Updated: 12/30/2021 by

In Microsoft Word, you can use the keyboard shortcut Shift+F3 to change selected text between uppercase, lowercase, and title case.

Selecting a case

1. Highlight all the text you want to change. If you want to change the case for the whole document you can use the Ctrl+A keyboard shortcut to select everything.
2. Hold down Shift and press F3.
3. When you hold Shift and press F3, the text toggles from sentence case (first letter uppercase and the rest lowercase), to all uppercase (all capital letters), and then all lowercase.

If you’re not able to get Shift+F3 to work in Microsoft Word 2007 or later, you can try the following option instead.

1. In the menu bar, on the Home tab, click the Change Case icon, which has an uppercase ‘A’ and lowercase ‘a.’

1. Select the appropriate option from the list of values. For example, if you want to change to all uppercase letters, select the UPPERCASE option. If you want to change to all lowercase letters, select the lowercase option.

In this tutorial, we will write the logic in 3 different programming languages that will accept a string from the user and convert the first letter of each word to uppercase (Capital alphabet) and convert the rest of the letters of each word to lowercase (small letters).

Algorithm

The algorithm behind the program is quite straightforward. We will traverse through every character of the string and check for the following conditions.

1. if we are on the first character, just convert it to uppercase.
2. Else if check if the character is an empty space, if yes uppercase the next character value, and skip the next character by incrementing the traversing
   
i

   pointer.
3. Else, for the rest of the letters, just convert them into lowercase.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main() 
{
 
  //Initializing variables.
  char str[100];
  int i,length = 0;
 
  //Accepting inputs.
  printf("Enter a Sentance:n");
  gets(str);
  
  //calculate the length of the string
  length = strlen(str);
  
  for(i=0;i<length;i++)
  {	  // capitalize the first most letter
      if(i==0) 
      {
          str[i]=toupper(str[i]);
      }
      //check if the chracter is an empty space
      // capitalize the next chracter
      else if(str[i]==' ')
      {
          str[i+1]=toupper(str[i+1]); 
		  i+=1;  // skip the next chracter
      }
      else
      {
      	 str[i]=tolower(str[i]); // lowercase reset of the chracters
	  }
  }
  
  //Printing the sentance after changes.
  printf("Sentance after the Change: %s", str);
 
  return 0;
}

Output

Enter a Sentance:
thiS IS a GAME oF fiRe
Sentance after the Change: This Is A Game Of Fire

2. C++ Program to convert the first letter of each word of a string to uppercase and other to lowercase

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{	
	//Initializing variables.
  char str[100];
  int i,length = 0;
 
  //Accepting inputs.
  cout<<"Enter a Sentance:n";
  gets(str);
  
  //calculate the length of the string
  length = strlen(str);
  
  for(i=0;i<length;i++)
  {	  // capitalize the first most letter
      if(i==0) 
      {
          str[i]=toupper(str[i]);
      }
      //check if the chracter is an empty space
      // capitalize the next chracter
      else if(str[i]==' ')
      {
          str[i+1]=toupper(str[i+1]); 
		  i+=1;  // skip the next chracter
      }
      else
      {
      	 str[i]=tolower(str[i]); // lowercase reset of the chracters
	  }
  }
  
  //Printing the sentance after changes.
  cout<<"Sentance after the Change: "<< str;
 
  return 0;
}

Output

Enter a Sentance:
thiS IS a GAME oF fiRe
Sentance after the Change: This Is A Game Of Fire

3. Python Program to convert the first letter of each word of a string to uppercase and other to lowercase

string = input("Enter a Sentance:n")
new_string =""
for i in range(len(string)):
    if i==0:
        new_string+= string[i].upper()
    elif string[i-1]==" ":
        new_string+=string[i].upper()
    else:
        new_string+= string[i].lower()

print("Sentance after the Change: ",new_string)

Output

Enter a Sentance:
thiS IS a GAME oF fiRe
Sentance after the Change: This Is A Game Of Fire

Note:

«Python strings are immutable, once initialize, can not be changed  using assignment operator, that’s why we have used an additional string to achieve our task».

Complexity Analysis

• 
  Time Complexity: O(N),
  
  because we are traversing through every character of the string using a single for loop.
• 
  Space Complexity: O(1)
  
  for C, C++, and
  
  O(N)
  
  for Python. Because in C and C++ we are performing the in-place replacement of the characters, but in Python, we have used an extra string.

Conclusion

Now let’s wrap up our article on «Write

a Program

to convert the first letter of each word of a string to uppercase and other to lowercase». In this article, we learned how to convert the first letter of each word into uppercase and the rest of the letters into lowercase.

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