Law breakers task 1 match each word on the left with the

Law Breakers

 Law Breakers

TASK 1. Match each word on the left with the appropriate definition on the right:

1)   b)
2e
3a
4c
5n
6d
7f
8k
9h
10l
11j
12i
13m
14q
15g
16o
17r
18p
19s
20u
21x
22z
23t
24w
25v
26y

1) an arsonist               a) attacks and robs people, often in the street

2) a shop-lifter             b) sets fire to property illegally

3) a mugger                  c) is anyone who breaks the law

4) an offender               d) breaks into houses or other buildings to steal

5) a vandal                    e) steals from shops while acting as an ordinary customer

6) a burglar                   f) kills someone

7) a murderer                g) deliberately causes damage to property

a kidnapper               h) steals things from people’s pockets in crowded places

9) a pickpocket              i) gets secret information from another country

10) an accomplice          j) buys and sells drugs illegally

11) a drug dealer            k) takes away people by force and demands money for                                                 their  return

12) a spy                        1) helps a criminal in a criminal act

13) a terrorist                 m) uses violence for political reasons

14) an assassin               n) causes damage or disturbance in public places

15) a hooligan                o) hides on a ship or plane to get a free journey

16) a stowaway              p) takes control of a plane by force and makes the pilot change course

17) a thief                      q) murders for political reasons or a reward

18) a hijacker                 r) is someone who steals

19) a forger                    s) makes counterfeit (false) money or signatures

20) a robber                    t) is a member of a criminal group

21) a smuggler                u) steals money, etc. by force from people or places

22) a traitor                     v) marries illegally, being married already

23) a gangster                 w) is a soldier who runs away from the army

24) a deserter                  x) brings goods into a country illegally without paying tax

25) a bigamist                 y) illegally carries drugs into another country

26) drug smuggler          z) betrays his or her country to another state

TASK 2. Continue the following table with the words from Task 1 where possible. The first few are done for you. Consult the dictionary when necessary:

Crime	Criminal	Criminal Act
treason	traitor	to betray
theft	thief	to steal
murder	murderer	to murder

1.
an arsonist a) attacks and robs people, often .

in
the street

2. a
shop – lifter b) sets fire to property illegally

3. a
mugger c) is anyone , who breaks the law

4. an offender d) breaks into houses or other

buildings to steal

5. a murderer e) steals from shops while acting

as an ordinary customer

6. a kidnapper f) kills someone

7. a pickpocket g) steals things from peoples

pockets in crowded places

8. a drug-dealer h) buys and sells drugs

9. a terrorist i) take away people by force

and demands money for their return

10. an assassin j) uses violence for political reasons

11. a thief k) murders for political reasons or a

reward

12. a hijacker l) takes control of a plane by force and

makes the pilot change course

13. a robber m) is someone who steals

14. a smuggler n) brings goods into a country illegally

without paying tax.

Card 2.

1. a
   shop-lifter a) sets fire to the property

2. an
   assassin b) hides on a ship or plane to get a free
   journey

3. a
   bigamist c) betrays his or her country to another state

4. a
   traitor d) buys and sells drugs illegally

5. a
   gangster e) marries illegally, being married already

6. a
   hooligan f) kills someone

7. a
   stowaway g)breaks into houses or other buildings to steal

8. a
   smuggler h) steals from shops while acting as an ordinary

9. a
   drug-dealer customer

10. a
    thief i)
    murders for political reasons or reward

11. a
    burglar j) is a member of a criminal group

12. a
    murderer k) brings goods into another country illegally

13. a
    fogger l) someone who breaks the law

14. an
    arsonist m) someone who steals

15. an
    offender n) make counterfeit money

o)
causes damage or disturbance in public places

Card
3.

1. an
   offender a) betrays his or her country to another state

2. a
   kidnapper b) kills someone

3. an
   accomplice c) takes control of the plane by force

4. a
   spy d) is someone who steals

5. a
   hijacker e) is anyone who breaks the law

6. a
   robber f) attacks and robs people, often in the street

7. a
   mugger g) sets fire to the property illegally

8. a
   deserter h) deliberately causes damage to the property

9. a
   terrorist i) is a soldier who runs away from the army

10. a
    pickpocket j) brings goods to another country illegally

11. a
    thief k) uses violence for political reasons

12. a
    vandal l) steals money, etc. By force from people or places

13. an
    arsonist m) takes away people by force and demands money

14. a
    smuggler n) helps a criminal in a criminal act

15. a
    murderer o) gets secret information from another country

Тренируем
навыки перевода текстов, содержащих
профессиональную лексику.

1.The Sources of English Law

The main sources of
law in England and Wales are common law,
legislation and European Community law.

Common law is the ancient law of the land. It
forms the basis of
the law. Although judges today may develop common law they interpret
and apply
statute law which is now the main
source of legal development.

Legislation consists of laws made by or under the authority of the
Parliament and may be:

1. statutes (or Acts of Parliament);

2. orders in Council, i.e. orders made by the Queen
   in Council . In practice, the Minister of a Government department
   usually drafts and
   makes the Order in the name of the Queen, whose approval
   is a
   formality;

1. orders, rules, regulations normally
   made by Ministers of a Government department, but such rules must be
   submitted to
   Parliament for approval;

2. by-laws made by
   local authorities exercising power
   conferred upon
   them by Parliament. By-laws require the
   approval of
   the appropriate Minister
   before they have legislative force.

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the main sources of law in England?

2. «What is common law?

3. What is the main source of development now?

4. What do judges usually interpret and apply now?

5. What are statute laws?

6. Who actually writes the orders in Council?

7. Who must approve orders in Council?

8. Who usually makes orders? rules and regulations?

9. Who must approve them?

10. Who makes by-laws?

11. Who approves them before they have legislative force?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. Основными источниками законов в Англии
   и Уэльсе являются общее право, писаные
   законы (Акты Парламента) и законы
   европейского сообщества.

2. Общее право является старейшим законом
   страны.

3. Судьи в наше время, в основном, используют
   и интерпретируют писаны законы.

4. Распоряжения Тайного Совета обычно
   составляются министры правительства
   и получают одобрение королевы.

5. Приказы, правила и распоряжения
   должны быть представлены парламенту
   для одобрения.

6. Подзаконные акты пишутся местными
   властями, осуществляющими власть,
   возложенную на них Парламентом.

7. Перед тем как получит силу закона,
   подзаконные акты требуют одобрения
   соответствующего министерства.

Legislation in Great Britain

New legislation in
Britain starts in the House of Lords. In
each House it is considered in
three stages, called
readings. The
first reading is purely for the
introduce the bill.
The second reading is usually the
occasion for
debate. During
the second reading the bill is examined
in detail by a committee.

The bill is then, returned to one of the houses
for the report stage, where it can be amended.
And after its third reading, it goes to
the other link Amendments made
to a bill by the House of Lords must be considered by Commons.
If the House
of Commons does not agree, the bill is
altered and
back to the Lords. In the event of persistent
disagreement between the two hothouses
Commons prevails.

Finally, the bill
goes to the reigning monarch for
the royal assent. Nowadays
the royal assent is a mere formality.

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. Where does new legislation start in Great Britain?

2. In how many stages is the bill considered?

3. What is the first reading like?

4. What happens during the second reading?

5. Where is the bill examined after the second reading?

6. What happens to the bill then?

7. Can the bill be amended at the report stage?

8. Where does the bill go if it passes the report stage?

9. Does the House of Commons consider the amendments made by the Lords?

10. What happens if the House of Commons does not agree?

11. Which of the Houses prevails in case of persistent disagreement?

12. Where does the bill go finally?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. В Великобритании создание нового
закона обычно начинается в Палате
лордов.

2. В каждой палате парламента законопроект
обычно проходит 3 чтения.

3. Первое чтение обычно бывает
ознакомительным.

4. При втором чтении предоставляется
возможность для дебатов.

5. После второго чтения законопроект
направляется в комитет для тщательного
изучения.

6. После прохождения третьего чтения
законопроект отсылается в другую Палату.

7. Поправки, внесенные Палатой Лордов,
рассматриваются Палатой Общин.

9. В случае несогласия, учитывается
мнение Палаты Общин.

10. В конце концов, законопроект направляется
царствующему монарху для одобрения.

Legislation in the United States

The US Congress
consists of two houses: the
House of Representatives and the Senate. Any
Congressman, in either house, or the president, may initiate
new legislation.

The proposed
legislation, or bill,
is first introduced in the House of
Representatives. Then it is referred to
one of the standing committees,
which organizes hearings on
it and may approve, amend or
shelve the
draft. If the committee passed the bill, it is considered by the
House of Representatives as a whole. If
passed there, it goes to the Senate for a
similar sequence of committee hearings
and general debate.

In cases of disagreement, the House of
Representatives and the Senate confer
together. Finally, the new law is
approved by the President who has the right to veto it.

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. How many Houses does the US Congress consist of?

2. Who can initiate new legislation in the US?

3. What happens to the bill in the House of Representatives first?

4. Where is the draft referred to then?

5. What does the committee do with the draft?

6. What can be done with the draft at this stage?

7. What happens to the bill if the committee passes it?

8. What happens to the bill when the House of Representatives passes
   it?

9. What procedures does the bill undergo in the Senate?

10. What happens in cases of disagreement?

11. What is the final stage in the new legislation?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. Конгресс США состоит из двух палат —
   Палаты представителей и Сената.

2. Любой член Конгресса или Президент
   может инициировать новый закон.

3. Предлагаемый законопроект сначала
   вносится в Палату представителей для
   общего ознакомления.

4. Далее законопроект направляется в одну
   из постоянно действующих комиссий,
   которая организует слушания по этому
   законопроекту.

5. На этом этапе законопроект может быть
   одобрен, в него могут быть внесены
   поправки, он может быть отложен.

6. Если комиссия пропускает законопроект,
   то он рассматривается в Палате
   Представителей целиком.

7. Если законопроект проходит Палату
   представителей, то он направляется в
   Сенат.

8. В Сенате законопроект проходит такую
   же процедуру слушаний на комитетах и
   общего обсуждения.

9. В случае разногласий по законопроекту
   обе Палаты собираются вместе.

10. На конечной стадии законопроект идет
    на одобрение Президенту, который
    имеет право вето.

The Court System of Great Britain

The most common type
of law court in
England and Wales is the Magistrates’
court. More serious criminal
cases go to the Crown
Court. Civil cases (for example,
divorce or
bankruptcy cases)
are dealt with
in County courts.

Appeals are
heard by higher courts. The
highest court of appeal in
England and Wales is the House of Lords. Certain cases may be
referred to
the European Court of Human Rights (in
Luxembourg).

The legal system also includes juvenile
courts (which deal with offenders
under seventeen) and coroners’
courts (which investigate
violent, sudden or unnatural deaths).
There are administrative tribunals which
make quick, cheap and fair decisions with much less formality.
Tribunals deal with professional
standards, disputes between
individuals, and disputes between individuals and government
departments (for example, over taxation).

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the most common type of law courts in England and Wales?

2. Where do more serious criminal cases go?

3. Where are civil cases dealt with?

4. Where are appeals heard?

5. Where are appeals heard?

6. What is the highest court of appeal in England and Wales?

7. Who do Juvenile courts deal with?

8. What do Coroners’ courts investigate?

9. How do administrative tribunals work?

10. What do administrative tribunals deal with?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. Наиболее распространенным видом суда
   в Англии и Уэльсе является мировой суд.

2. Более серьезные уголовные дела
   рассматриваются в Королевском суде.

3. Гражданскими делами занимаются суды
   графств.

4. Апелляции подаются в суды высшей
   инстанции.

5. Апелляционным судом высшей инстанции
   в Англии и в Уэльсе является Палата
   Лордов.

6. Некоторые дела направляются в Европейский
   суд по правам человека.

7. Юридическая система также включает в
   себя суды для несовершеннолетних
   преступников, органы административной
   юстиции и коронерские суды.

8. Суды для несовершеннолетних преступников
   ведут дела обвиняемых, которым нет еще
   17 лет.

9. Органы административной юстиции выносят
   быстрые, недорогие и объективные
   решения, работая с минимальным соблюдением
   формальностей.

10. Органы административной юстиции
    занимаются вопросами трудов споров,
    разрешением конфликтов между
    гражданами и правительственными
    учреждениями.

The Court System of the USA

The American court system is complex.
It functions as part of the federal
system. Each state runs
its own court system, and no two are
identical. In
addition they
have a system of courts for the national government. These federal
courts co-exist with
the state courts.

Individuals fall
under the jurisdiction of two different
court systems. They are state courts and federal
courts. They can sue
or be sued
in either system, depending mostly on
what their case is about. The vast majority
of cases are resolved
in the state courts.

The federal courts are organized in three tiers,
like &
pyramid. At the bottom of the pyramid
are the US district courts,
where litigation begins.
In the middle are the US courts of
appeals. At the top is the US Supreme
Court.

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. Is the American court system complex?

2. How does the American court system function?

3. Does each state have its own court system?

4. Are the court systems of different states different?

5. What do states have in addition?

6. Do federal courts co-exist with state courts?

7. What jurisdiction do individuals fall under?

8. In what system can individuals sue or be sued?

9. What does it depend on?

10. Where is the vast majority of cases resolved?

11. How are the federal courts organized?

12. What is at the bottom of the pyramid?

13. What is in the middle of the pyramid?

14. What is at the top of the pyramid?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. Американская судебная система — сложная
   система.

2. Американская судебная система является
   частью федеральной системы.

3. Каждый штат имеет свою собственную
   систему, отличную от других штатов.

4. В США имеется общенациональная система
   судов.

5. Федеральные суды существуют наряду с
   судами штатов.

6. Граждане США попадают под юрисдикцию
   двух различных судебных систем.

7. Граждане США могут подать в суд или
   быть судимы в любом из двух типов судов.

8. Подавляющее большинство дел слушается
   в судах штата.

9. Федеральные суды устроены как пирамида
   и имеют три уровня.

10. Внизу пирамиды находятся окружные
    суды, в середине апелляционные, а
    наверху — Верховный Суд США.

The Court System of Russia

The law court is
a state organ that administers justice
on the basis of the laws of the state.

There are courts of first instance
and second instance. A court of fir
instance examines a case and brings in a sentence
or a judgment. A court of second
instance examines appeals and protests against sentences and
judgments of court of first instance.

The basic judicial organ is the district
court. It tries
both criminal and civil cases. The
district court consists of a judge and
two assessors. Cases
are tried
in public and
proceedings are oral. The
participants in
the trial (the
victim, accused, the plaintiff, the
defendant and others) speak in open
court. The accused has the right to defense.
The higher courts are city courts, regional courts and others. These
courts try and determine more
important cases. They also sit as courts of appeal. The highest
judicial organ is the country Supreme
Court supervising the activities of all
the judicial organs of the state. As a court of first instance it
tries the most important criminal and civil cases. It also hears
appeals against sentences and judgments of lower courts.

According to the new law of procedure magistrates’
courts for simple civil cases and juvenile courts for criminals under
18 are established. Besides, citizens get the right to trial
by a
jury.

Task 1. Answer the following questions.

1. What is a court?

2. What two main kinds of court exist in Russia?

3. What does the court of the first instance do?

4. What does the court of the second instance do?

5. What is the basic judicial organ?

6. What cases does the district court try?

7. What does the district court consist of?

8. How are cases tried in the district court?

9. What are the participants of the trial?

10. Has the accused the right to defense?

11. What are the higher courts?

12. What is the function of the higher courts?

13. What is the highest judicial organ in the country?

14. What are the functions of the Supreme Court?

15. What new types of courts are established according the new law?

16. What right do citizens get according to the new law?

Task 2. Translate it into English.

1. Суд — это государственный орган, который
   осуществляет правосудие на основе
   законов государства.

2. В России существуют суды первой и второй
   инстанции.

3. Суд первой инстанции изучает дело и
   выносит или приговор или; решение.

4. Суд второй инстанции изучает апелляции
   и протесты против приговоров и решений
   суда первой инстанции.

5. Основным судебным органом является
   районный суд.

6. Районный суд рассматривает как уголовные,
   так и гражданские дела.

7. Суд является открытым и проходит в
   устной форме.

8. Участниками судебного процесса являются
   потерпевший, обвиняемы истец и другие.

9. Высшим судебным органом является
   Верховный Суд России.

10. Верховный Суд занимается особо важными
    уголовными и гражданскими делами, а
    также рассматривает апелляции против
    решений судов низшей инстанции.

11. По новому процессуальному кодексу
    вводятся мировые суды рассмотрения
    несложных гражданских дел.

12. В России учреждены суды по делам
    несовершеннолетних.

13. По новому процессуальному кодексу
    граждане получили право рассмотрение
    дела судом присяжных.

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Тип занятия: обобщающий по теме «Преступления и наказания»).

Цели:

• Расширение кругозора учащихся, их знания об особенностях судебного процесса
• Повышение интереса к правовому устройству другой страны, к изучению английского языка,
•  Активизировать употребление лексики по теме.

Задачи:

Воспитательный компонент:

• формирование представлений о судебном процесс англоговорящих стран;
• способствовать воспитанию у учащихся уважительного и терпимого отношения к судопроизводству и культуре другой страны;
• развитие умения работать в группе;.

Образовательный компонент

• формирование социокультурной компетенции через использование страноведческой информации на английском языке;  
• развития умения воспринимать информацию на слух; совершенствование речевых навыков.

Развивающий компонент:

• совершенствовать навык драматизации;
• развивать умения  анализировать и обобщать; 
• развитие способности к репродуктивным и продуктивным речевым действиям;
• развивать способность самостоятельно приобретать новые знания с последующим их применением.

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• Раздаточный материал
• Карта урока
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Ход занятия

1. Организационный момент, обозначение целей и задач занятия.

T. Hello, boys and girls! Today at our lesson we’ll revise our knowledge about crime and criminals. At the end of the lesson we’ll watch a role-play “At the police station” and “At the court”.

Task1. Match each word on the left with the appropriate definition on the right:

1. an arsonist	a. attacks and robs people, often in the street
2. a shop-lifter	b. sets fire to property illegally
3. a mugger	c. is anyone who breaks the law
4. an offender	d. breaks into houses or other buildings to steal
5. a vandal	e. steals from shops while acting as an ordinary customer
6. a burglar	f. kills someone
7. a murderer	g. deliberately causes damage to property
8. a kidnapper	h. steals things from people’s pockets in crowded places
9. a pickpocket	i. gets secret information from another country
10. an accomplice	j. buys and sells drugs illegally
11. a drug dealer	k. takes away people by force and demands money for their return
12. a spy	l. helps a criminal in a criminal act
13. a terrorist	m. uses violence for political reasons
14. an assassin	n. causes damage or disturbance in public places
15. a hooligan	o. hides on a ship or plane to get a free journey
16. a stowaway	p. takes control of a plane by force and makes the pilot change course
17. a thief	q. murders for political reasons or a reward
18. a hijacker	r. is someone who steals
19. a forger	s. makes counterfeit (false) money or signatures
20. a robber	t. is a member of a criminal group
21. a smuggler	u. steals money, etc by force from people or places
22. a traitor	v. marries illegally, being married already
23. a gangster	w. is a soldier who runs away from the army
24. a deserter	x. brings goods into a country illegally without paying taxes
25. a bigamist	y. illegally carries drugs into another country
26. a drug smuggler	z. betrays his or her country to another state

Task2. Continue the following table with the words from Task 1 where possible. The first few are done for you. Consult the dictionary when necessary:

Crime	Criminal	Criminal Act
treason	traitor	to betray
theft	thief	to steal
murder	murderer	to murder

Task3. Complete the sentences (Учащимся, поделенным на две группы, раздаются карточки с английскими и русскими выражениями. (Игра «Найди пару»). Учащиеся свободно двигаются по классу и ищут «пару». Затем, когда они находят соответствующие выражения, читают их вслух.))

: who

conducts a trial and passes the sentence is called…

• has a first-hand knowledge of the event and gives evidence under oath in court
• brings a suit against another person
• in co-operation with other persons is to decide the truth of the case tried before the judge
• helps in a crime or who keeps a crime secret
• acts for the state in prosecuting criminals
• is appointed to try small offences in Britain
• breaks laws
• is believed or suspected of committing a crime and brought before the court
• suffers from an offence
• steals something out of your pocket in a crowded street or bus

Task 4: Answer these questions.

1. Who presides over the court in England?
2. What are the functions of a judge?
3. What are the duties of advocates in court?
4. Who gives evidence in court?
5. What kinds of crimes do you know?
6. What kinds of punishment imposed on the convicts do you know?
7. .What may a witness tell?
8. .Have you ever been at a trial?
9. Have you ever been a party (a witness) in a civil trial?
10. Has a convicted person the right to complaint?
11. Have you ever been the victim of a crime?
12. Who passes the sentence on the accused in the British court?
13. Is the public admitted to the courtroom when a criminal case is tried?
14. In what cases do the proceedings go behind the closed doors?
15. What punishment might be imposed on a witness if he does not tell the truth?
16. What Russian (American, British, French, etc.) film depicting a
    court trial would you like to single out?

T: Very good. Do you know any interesting facts from life concerning our topic? I think yes.

Continue my statement: Believe it or not, but

PI: the Port Fairy jail (Australia) was built by a Yorkshirement named Broadbent who celebrated its completion so gaily that he became its first prisoner in 1857.

P2:. according to the law adopted in several states of the US, women can easily divorce their husband if they prove the men snore too loud at night.

P3: Sir Shadwell (1779-1850), Vice Chancellor and second highest ranking jurist in England tried a case near Barn Elms while swimming in the river Thames. The Lawyers argued from the river bank and the jurist handed down his verdict while in the water.

P4:.when a masked man tried to rob the post office at Darley Abbey. Derbyshire, an official just threw a cup of hot tea in the face and the bandit fled.

Р5: the governor of India signed a law banning riding in a public bus for a person who had a meal seasoned with garlic. The law breakers may be sentenced to confinement or a fine of 10 dollars.

Task5: Give definitions of the following notions in English:

1. jury;
2. jail;
3. plaintiff;
4. verdict;
5. confinement;
6. criminal code;
7. burglary;
8. acquittal;
9. alibi;
10. barrister;
11. evidence;
12. cross-examination;

Task6:

T: Some students of your group prepared a role-play for you.

T: Listen to the problem which Paula has and try to retell it. She is at the police station (за столом сидит полицейский, в дверь вбегает испуганная девушка):

Paula: I want to report a theft.

Policeman: A theft?

Paula: Yes, a man stole my tape-recorder, my money and my documents, He took all these things from my house. Some minutes ago I opened the door with my key and saw somebody in the room. It was a man. I cried and he run through the window.

Policeman: Yeah, yeah! Not so fast. I have to write all this down. Now,what was the thing?

Paula: A tape-recorder and, more important than that, my money and…

Policeman: Was it expensive, lady?

Paula: Sorry? Was it … what?

Policeman: Don’t shout! Just keep calm! Was your tape-recorder expensive?

Paula: I don’t really know. About 200 pounds.

Policeman: 200 what?

Paula: Pounds! English money! But look! I’m far more interested in my passport and money!

Policeman: What’s that got to do with it? I thought you said it was about your tape-recorder!

Paula: Oh! I’m ill after a talk with you!

Policeman: Never mind. We’ll find this man.

VII.

T: Now we are at the court (за столом сидят судья, присяжные, прокурор и адвокат, чуть поодаль обвиняемый. Судья вызывает свидетелей)

CROSS-EXAMINATION

Judge: You were on duty today at night?

Wilkins: Yes.

J: Where were you?

W: I was in the High Street.

J: Did you see anyone in the High Street at that time?

W: Yes, I did.

J: Can you tell the court whom you saw?

W: I saw the accused.

J: Where was the accused when you saw him?

W: He was outside the house.

J: Could you see what he was doing?

W: He was climbing out of a broken window of the house.

J: How far from the house were you when you saw the accused?

W: About 50 yards.

Advocate: Your Honour! May 1 put him a question?

J: Yes, you may.

A: You said it was evening. How could you see what the man was doing at that distance?

W: It was a moonlight night. There was a full moon.

A: Did the accused run away when he heard you coming?

W: He didn’t hear me coming.

A: He didn’t hear you coming? Police constables wear very heavy boots, don’t they?

W: Yes, they do.

A: Were you wearing heavy boots on that occasion?

W: I was.

A: The High Street has stone pavements, I believe.

W: Yes.

A: Heavy boots make quite a lot of noise on stone pavements?

W: Yes, they do.

A: But the accused did not run away. Do you really believe that he didn’t hear you coming?

W: He didn’t hear me coming. I caught him just as he had climbed out of the window.

A: Do you expect the jury to believe that you could not be heard and that there was no time for the accused to run away?

W: I was on a bicycle at the time. Rubber tyres do not make a noise.

A: I have no questions. Thank you.

Public prosecutor: Your Honour! I think this man is guilty. He went in the house of this girl by breaking the window. He took her things, money and documents. He works nowhere and doesn’t want to work. Why I ask you? Because he is lazy. Of course it’s easy to take somebody’s things, sell them for nothing and live quietly. He doesn’t think about other people, he doesn’t think that they work hard to earn money. He takes them from their pockets, their houses, their bags. His place is in the prison. He should be isolated from our society. I ask three years of isolation for him. Thank you.

Advocate: Your Honour! Respected jury! I don’t think that this man is guilty. You shouldn’t be too severe to him. He doesn’t work. Yes! But is it his fault? There are a lot of unemployed people in our society. Our factories and plants don’t work as it was some years ago. They can’t pay money to all their workers. They send people in streets. But people want to eat and that’s why they go into strangers’ flats. I ask you to forgive him. Thank you!

Judge: We have heard the opinion of the public prosecutor and the advocate. What is the opinion of our respected jury?

Juror 1: Guilty!

Juror 2: Guilty!

Juror 3: Not guilty!

Judge: Stand up! Trial is going. Mr H is guilty. Our verdict is: 2,5 years of the deprivation of freedom in the colony of the general regime. You may lodge an appeal in seven days. The trial is over.

Talk after the trial between two young advocates.

VIII.

T: Do you know any interesting stories on the topic «At the court»?

PI: Yes. In a breach of promise case in New York, the plaintiff was offered 200 dollars to compromise. «200 dollars?» she exclaims. «200 dollars for a broken heart, ruined hopes, and a blasted life, 200 dollars for all this? No make it 250 and it’s a bargain».

Bargain — сделка; It’s a bargain! — По рукам.

P2:

Judge: Was the prisoner sober?

Witness: No, sir. He was drunk as a judge.

J: You mean, ‘drunk as a lord’, of course!

W: Yes, my lord

The witness confused the idioms ‘sober as a judge'(трезвый, как судья) and ‘drunk as а lord'(пьяный, как черт).

P3: Judge: Prisoner, what can you say to your justification?

Prisoner: I beg you to take into consideration the fact that my lawyer is very young, sir.

Р4: «I warn you,» said the judge solemnly, «that demonstrations of any kind are prohibited in the courtroom; therefore whoever shouts «Long live! Hurrah!» or «Down with!» will be sent outside». As soon as the accused heard this, he began to shout: «Hurrah! Down with!»

T: Thank you very much. I think our lesson was very useful for everybody.