For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
[start-answers-block type=3]
1. [first=» It would be a good idea to stop smoking.» word=»UP» beginning=»It would be a good idea to » answer=»give up» ending=» smoking.»]
2. [first=» Julie spends all her money on clothes.» word=»UNWISE» beginning=»It’s » answer=»unwise of Julie to» ending=» spend all her money on clothes.»]
3. [first=» In spite of being tired, I went to the gym.» word=»EVEN» beginning=»I went to the gym » answer=»even though I was» ending=» tired.»]
4. [first=» It’s said that he’s recording a new album.» word=»BE» beginning=»He » answer=»is said to be recording#’s said to be recording» ending=» a new album.»]
5. [first=» It sticks out a mile Jeff was involved in the accident.» word=»BEEN» beginning=»Jeff » answer=»must have been» ending=» involved in the accident.»]
6. [first=» Chris will not buy that house because he is no longer interested.» word=»LOST» beginning=»Chris » answer=»has lost interest in» ending=» buying that house.»]
ANSWER KEYS
ANSWERS 1: GIVE UP
PHRASAL VERB
GIVE UP => to stop doing something that you are trying hard to do.
Similar Conversions
She stopped smoking when her baby was born. => She gave up smoking when her baby was born. STOP => GIVE UP
I can’t bear that noise any longer. => I can’t put up with that noise any longer. BEAR => PUT UP WITH
I know that she’s lying but I will learn the truth. => I know that she’s lying but I will find out the truth. LEARN => FIND OUT
ANSWERS 2: UNWISE OF JULIE TO
ADJECTIVE + INFINITIVE
IT + BE + ADJECTIVE + OF + NOUN/PRONOUN + TO + INFINITIVE
More Examples:
It was really stupid for her to go into the mountains dressed like that. X
It was really stupid of her to go into the mountains dressed like that. V
ANSWERS 3: EVEN THOUGH I WAS
CONJUNCTION
EVEN THOUGH + VERB
More Examples:
Even though it was raining, but we had the picnic. X
Even though it was raining, we had the picnic. V
ANSWERS 4: IS SAID TO BE RECORDING | ‘S SAID TO BE RECORDING
PASSIVE VOICE (PRESENT CONTINUOUS)
SUBJECT + PASSIVE VOICE + TO + BE + ING
Similar Conversions
It is said that he is a very rich man. => He is said to be a very rich man. SUBJECT + PASSIVE VOICE + TO + INVINITIVE
Everyone knows that Jill is staying at the hotel. => Jill is known to be staying at the hotel. SUBJECT + PASSIVE VOICE + TO + BE + GERUND
People think that he was a liar. => He is thought to have been a liar. SUBJECT + PASSIVE VOICE + TO + PERFECT INVINITIVE
ANSWERS 5: MUST HAVE BEEN
LOGICAL CONCLUSION
MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE is used to say that something is true and we have reasons for our belief.
Similar Conversions
I’m certain he’s at least forty-five. => He must be at least forty-five. MUST + INFINITIVE (PRESENT INFINITIVE)
I’m sure that he is telling lies. => He must be telling lies. MUST + BE + GERUND (PRESENT CONTINUOUS INFINITIVE)
I’m sure he did it. => He must have done it. MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (PERFECT INFINITIVE)
ANSWERS 6: HAS LOST INTEREST IN
COLLOCATION
LOSE INTEREST IN SOMETHING => stop being interested.
Other Collocations:
HAVE AN INTEREST IN STH, SHOW INTEREST, EXPRESS AN INTEREST IN STH,
TAKE AN INTEREST IN STH, KEEN INTEREST, ABIDING INTEREST.
[end-answers-block]
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use the word given and other words to complete the sentence.
Завершите второе предложение таким образом, чтобы оно имело такой же смысл первого предложения. Используйте данное слово и другие слова, чтобы закончить предложение.
1 Tom is a good basketball player, isn’t he?
Tom plays basketball well doesn’t he?
2 Our teacher will mark our exams.
Our exams will be marked by our teacher.
3 Have some biscuits, Marta.
Marta, help yourself to some biscuits.
4 ‘Are you travelling to Japan?1 Jan said to me.
Jan asked me whether I was travelling to Japan.
5 People say a dragon guards that cave.
A dragon is said to guard that cave.
6 Her parents gave their permission for her to go out.
Her parents let her go out.
7 ‘Let’s go to the cinema tonight,’ Joe said.
Joe suggested going to the cinema night.
8 Greg is twelve years old. Joe is thirteen years old.
Joe is older than Greg Greg.
9 Fred has lived in Toronto for two months.
Fred moved to Toronto two months ago.
10 We haven’t been out to eat for three weeks.
The last time we went out to eat was three weeks ago.
11 Bob doesn’t play football anymore.
Bob used to play football.
12 ‘Will I see you tomorrow?’ John said to Nancy.
John asked Nancy if he would see her the next day.
13 Grant went to work on foot but now he drives.
Grant used to go to work on foot but now he drives.
14 After we finished dinner, Mum started the washing up.
Mum waited until we had finished dinner before starting the washing up.
15 ‘Where did I put my wallet?’ he said.
He wondered where he put his wallet.
16 We have never seen such a funny film.
It is the funniest film we have ever seen.
17 Pam didn’t come to my party because I didn’t invite her.
Pam would have come to my party if I had invited her.
18 Leave now or you’ll miss your train.
You’ll miss your train if you do not leave now.
19 The beautician is painting her nails.
She is having her nails painted by the beautician.
20 It would have been better if I had taken a map.
I wish I had taken a map.
21 ‘You’re right. The exam was hard,’ she said.
She agreed that the exam had been hard.
22 If he runs faster, he’ll win.
He will not win unless he runs faster.
23 Tony has got the same number of CDs as I do.
Tony has got as many CDs as I do.
24 It isn’t necessary to water the plants for me.
You don’t have to water the plants for me.
25 A designer won’t make her dress.
She won’t have her dress made by a designer.
26 You should get more exercise.
If I were you I would get more exercise.
27 That’s the city Tolstoy was born in.
That is the city where Tolstoy was born.
28 ‘I can’t speak French,’ Sam said to me.
Sam told me he couldn’t speak French.
I. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the word in bold. Use TWO to FIVE words.
1. I last travelled abroad two years ago.
been I … two years.
2. I haven’t met him before.
time It’s the … him.
3. He started work in 1999.
working He … 1999.
4. It’s a long time since we ate out.
for We … a long time
5. I’ve never read such a good story.
best It’s the … read.
Suggested Answer Key
1. haven’t been abroad for
2. first time I have met
3. has been working since
4. haven’t eaten out for
5. best story I’ve ever
II. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the word in bold. Use TWO to FIVE words.
1. All Tom thinks about is football!
crazy Tom … football.
2. We don’t have enough money to go out tonight.
afford We … out tonight.
3. I prefer going out to staying in.
rather I … stay in.
4. She doesn’t really like going to the theatre.
keen She’s … to the theatre.
5. He can’t wait to see the new Harry Potter film.
forward He is … the new Harry Potter film.
Suggested Answer Key
1. is crazy about
2. can’t afford to go
3. would rather go out than
4. not keen on going
5. looking forward to seeing
III. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the word in bold. Use TWO to FIVE words.
1. Tom was late for school as the bus was late.
time If the bus …, Tom would not have been late for school.
2. Mr Fry gave us an interesting talk on careers.
given We … on careers by Mr Fry.
3. Mum didn’t let me go out.
made Mum … in.
4. I had never tasted sushi before.
first It … I had ever tasted sushi.
5. Policemen have one of the most difficult jobs.
as There aren’t many jobs …. that of a policeman.
Suggested Answer Key.
1. had been on time
2. were given an interesting talk
3. made me stay
4. was the first time
5. (that are) as difficult as.
by Adam Skimins 7th March 2022
- Article navigation:
- 40 Key Word Transformation Exercises: CPE
- C2 Proficient (CPE) Use of English: Part 4 Tips & Startegy
C2 Proficient (CPE) Use of English: Part 4 question type here is called key word transformation.
You must complete a new sentence that has a similar meaning. You use a word in capitals given in bold for each sentence, which you must not change. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Essential tips:
- Read both sentences carefully. The gapped sentence must express all the information contained in the prompt the sentence, but in different words.
- You must use the key word to complete the gapped sentence, but you must not change its form in any way.
- The key word may be part of an expression.
- You may need to change the form of words in the prompt sentence,and the order in which you express the information.
- Be prepared to experiment. For example, you may have to change an active structure to a passive one, or a positive sentence to a negative one.
- Your answer must be between three and eight words in length. If you write too few or too many words, you will be penalised.
40 Key Word Transformation Exercises: CPE
Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Oh, there you are! I didn’t even know you had gone out!
I was unaware of the (UNAWARE) fact that you had gone out.
The rumours of them being married are not true.
Despite information (CONTRARY) got married.
to the contrary they have notto the contrary they haven’t
You must include the word given (CONTRARY)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
I quite like beer, though whiskey is my favourite.
Although I (AVERSE), whiskey is my favourite.
am not averse to beer
You must include the word given (AVERSE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Once this contract is signed, this agreement is binding.
As soon as you (BY) agreement.
sign this contract you are bound by this
You must include the word given (BY)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
They cannot justify their position with that excuse.
That argument (POSITION) taken.
is no justification for the position they have
You must include the word given (POSITION)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Next Friday is my thirtieth wedding anniversary.
Next Friday (WILL) years.
i will have been married for thirty
You must include the word given (WILL)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
After I had waited for over an hour, she still hadn’t come.
After over an hour (SIGN) her.
of waiting, there was still no sign ofof waiting there was still no sign of
You must include the word given (SIGN)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Oh, there you are! I didn’t even know you had gone out!
I was unaware of the (UNAWARE) fact that you had gone out.
I was so tired that I wanted to give up.
I (POINT) up because I was so tired.
was on the point of givingwas at the point of giving
You must include the word given (POINT)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Sally could well get that job.
Sally (STANDS) that job.
stands a good chance of getting
You must include the word given (STANDS)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Our dog Jack has been run over before.
This is (TIME) Jack has been run over.
not the first time our dog
You must include the word given (TIME)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
The manager concluded that he ought to give me a refund.
The manager (CAME) deserved a refund.
came to the conclusion that i
You must include the word given (CAME)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Her singing impressed the judges.
She (MADE) the judges.
made a good impression on
You must include the word given (MADE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
The cost of rice has shot up in the last month.
There has been (SHARP) of rice recently.
a sharp rise in the costa sharp increase in the costa sharp rise
You must include the word given (SHARP)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Oh, there you are! I didn’t even know you had gone out!
I was unaware of the (UNAWARE) fact that you had gone out.
The boss called a meeting to discuss progress.
The boss’ (PURPOSE) discuss progress.
purpose in calling the meeting was to
You must include the word given (PURPOSE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Susan went to Spain to learn the language.
Susan’s (REASON) to learn the language.
reason for going to spain was
You must include the word given (REASON)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Ned loves going dancing at weekends.
What Ned (ON) dancing at weekends.
is really keen on isis keen on is
You must include the word given (ON)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
My sister told me nothing about mum’s present.
My sister (DARK) mum’s present.
kept me in the dark about
You must include the word given (DARK)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
I don’t intend to pay that much.
I (INTENTION) much.
have no intention of paying that
You must include the word given (INTENTION)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
As far as I’m concerned, they’re telling the truth.
I’ve (SUPPOSE) lying.
no reason to suppose they’reno reason to suppose they are
You must include the word given (SUPPOSE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Oh, there you are! I didn’t even know you had gone out!
I was unaware of the (UNAWARE) fact that you had gone out.
Mr Bradley died in the early hours.
Mr Bradley (AWAY) night.
passed away during the
You must include the word given (AWAY)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
The president was amazed at the magnificent Victorian building.
The magnificent Victorian building (IMPACT) the president.
made a considerable impact onmade a big impact on
You must include the word given (IMPACT)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
The tyrant is well known for his cruelty and egoism.
The tyrant (REPUTED) person.
is reputed to be a cruel and egoistic
You must include the word given (REPUTED)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Cathy needs to come right away or we’ll have to start without her.
We’ll have to (LEAVE) turns up immediately.
leave cathy unless she
You must include the word given (LEAVE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
We still haven’t found out what caused the engine failure.
We have yet (CAUSE) the engine failure was.
to find out what the cause of
You must include the word given (CAUSE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Why should anyone be proud of the fact that they didn’t complete the project.
Why should anyone (PRIDE) that they didn’t complete the project.
pride themselves on the fact
You must include the word given (PRIDE)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given.
Oh, there you are! I didn’t even know you had gone out!
I was unaware of the (UNAWARE) fact that you had gone out.
Harry plays tennis much better than I do.
I am not (NEARLY) tennis player as Harry is.
nearly as good a
You must include the word given (nearly)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Karen had just started her new teaching job when she got flu.
Karen (CAME) just after starting her new teaching job.
came down with flu
You must include the word given (came)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
It would have been a total catastrophe for her to be made responsible.
If she (PUT), there would have been very serious consequences.
had been put in charge
You must include the word given (put)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
Kim doesn’t intend to visit her uncle again.
Kim (HAS) her uncle again.
has no intention of visiting
You must include the word given (has)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
The third candidate impressed the panel immediately.
The third candidate (MADE) the panelists.
made an immediate impression on
You must include the word given (made)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
This part of the factory can only be entered by authorized staff.
Access (RESTRICTED) in this part of the factory.
is restricted to authorized staff
You must include the word given (restricted)You must use beetwen 3 and 8 words.
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C2 Proficient (CPE) Use of English: Part 4 Tips & Startegy
Strategy
- Read the sentence carefully and think about its exact meaning.
- Check your tenses – if the first sentence is in the past tense, the second should be, too!
- Contractions (e.g. haven’t) count as two words.
- Try to keep the same meaning – If the first sentence says ‘Tom said…’ then don’t write ‘He said…’ in the second sentence. (Write ‘Tom said’.)
- Write between two and five words, including the word given.
Tips
Find things that are the same in both sentences and delete them. That helps you to focus on what you actually need to be transforming.
Because of the scoring system, it’s possible to get 50% in this section without getting any of the questions 100% correct. So it’s worth answering every question! Even incomplete answers can get points
Make absolutely sure that the two sentences mean the same thing. For example, if the sentence to transform has names in it, the answer will have to have them too.
FCE, CAE, CPE
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