Как excel макрос в csv

In this guide, we’re going to show you how to save each sheet as CSV in Excel.

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Excel to CSV

Saving an Excel worksheet as a CSV file is an easy task. All you need to do is to use Save As section in File menu and select the CSV as the file type.

This action allows you to save the active worksheet as a CSV file. The downside of this approach is repetitiveness. You need to save as each worksheet manually.

The workaround is to use VBA to save each sheet as CSV like any other repetitive job in Excel. You can either record a macro while you are saving a worksheet as CSV and create a loop to repeat for each worksheet or use the following code.

VBA code for saving each sheet as CSV

Sub SaveAsCSV()
    Application.ScreenUpdating = False
    Dim wb As Workbook
    Dim ws As Worksheet
    Dim wbNew As Workbook
    Dim fullPath As String
    Dim counter As Integer
    Set wb = ActiveWorkbook
    ' loop through each worksheet
    For Each ws In wb.Worksheets
        ' run code only for visible sheets
        If ws.Visible = xlSheetVisible Then
            ' copy the worksheet to a new workbook
            ws.Copy
            ' select the new workbook
            Set wbNew = ActiveWorkbook
            ' generate a full path for the new file including CSV extension
            fullPath = wb.Path & "" & _
                Left(wb.Name, InStrRev(wb.Name, ".") - 1) & _
                "_" & ws.Name & ".csv"
            ' disable alerts in case of overwrite confirmation
            Application.DisplayAlerts = False
            ' save the new workbook as a CSV
            wbNew.SaveAs Filename:=fullPath, FileFormat:=xlCSV
            ' re-activate alerts
            Application.DisplayAlerts = True
            ' close the new workbook
            wbNew.Close SaveChanges:=False
            ' increase counter for the information message
            counter = counter + 1
        End If
    Next ws
    ' pop an information message
    MsgBox counter _
        & IIf(counter > 1, " worksheets", " worksheets") _
        & " exported.", vbInformation, "Export Worksheets"
    Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

Часто при формировании прайс-листов требуется выгрузить большой объём данных в текстовый файл в формате CSV (разделитель — точка с запятой, или запятая)
И далеко не всегда может помочь сохранение файла в этом формате, поскольку в выгрузку попадают лишние данные (заголовки таблиц, лишние строки и столбцы, и т.д.)

В данном случае поможет экспорт заданного диапазона ячеек в файл CSV, что проще всего сделать макросом с использованием функции Range2CSV:

Sub ЭкспортПрайсЛистаВФорматеCSV()
    On Error Resume Next
    Dim sh As Worksheet: Set sh = ActiveSheet    ' обрабатывается активный лист

    ' диапазон ячеек с A5 до последней заполненной ячейки в столбце A
    ' расширенный по горизонтали на 10 столбцов (выгружаются столбцы с A по J)
    Dim ra As Range: Set ra = sh.Range(sh.[A5], sh.Range("A" & sh.Rows.Count).End(xlUp)).Resize(, 10)
 
    ' формируем текстовую строку, содержащую текст диапазона в формате CSV
    CSVtext$ = Range2CSV(ra, ";")    ' можно указать другой разделитель столбцов

    ' создаём в папке с файлом XLS подпапку для CSV-прайсов (если такой папки ещё нет)
    CSVfolder$ = ThisWorkbook.Path & "CSV prices": MkDir CSVfolder$
 
    ' формируем имя создаваемого файла CSV (c указанием текущей даты)
    CSVfilename$ = Format(Now, "YYYY MM DD  HH-NN-SS") & ".csv"
 
    ' сохраняем текстовую CSV-строку CSVtext$ в файл с именем CSVfilename$
    SaveTXTfile CSVfolder$ & CSVfilename$, CSVtext$
End Sub

Вот код самой функции Range2CSV:

Function Range2CSV(ByRef ra As Range, Optional ByVal ColumnsSeparator$ = ";", _
                   Optional ByVal RowsSeparator$ = vbNewLine) As String
    If ra.Cells.Count = 1 Then Range2CSV = ra.Value & RowsSeparator$: Exit Function
    If ra.Areas.Count > 1 Then
        Dim ar As Range
        For Each ar In ra.Areas
            Range2CSV = Range2CSV & Range2CSV(ar, ColumnsSeparator$, RowsSeparator$)
        Next ar
        Exit Function
    End If
    arr = ra.Value
    buffer$ = ""    ' иначе конкатенация длинных текстовых строк притормаживает макрос
    For i = LBound(arr, 1) To UBound(arr, 1)
        txt = "": For j = LBound(arr, 2) To UBound(arr, 2): txt = txt & ColumnsSeparator$ & arr(i, j): Next j
        Range2CSV = Range2CSV & Mid(txt, Len(ColumnsSeparator$) + 1) & RowsSeparator$
        ' для многократного увеличения производительности при больших диапазонах данных
        If Len(Range2CSV) > 50000 Then buffer$ = buffer$ & Range2CSV  : Range2CSV = ""
    Next i
    Range2CSV = buffer$ & Range2CSV
End Function

Улучшенная версия кода (работает заметно быстрее), и дополнительно заключает текст всех ячеек в кавычки:

Function Range2CSV(ByRef ra As Range, Optional ByVal ColumnsSeparator$ = ";", _
                   Optional ByVal RowsSeparator$ = vbNewLine) As String
    If ra.Cells.Count = 1 Then Range2CSV = ra.Value & RowsSeparator$: Exit Function
    If ra.Areas.Count > 1 Then
        Dim ar As Range
        For Each ar In ra.Areas
            Range2CSV = Range2CSV & Range2CSV(ar, ColumnsSeparator$, RowsSeparator$)
        Next ar
        Exit Function
    End If
    arr = ra.Value
 
    ' иначе конкатенация длинных текстовых строк притормаживает макрос
    chr34$ = Chr(34): buffer$ = "": buffer2$ = "": Const BufferLen& = 15000
    For i = LBound(arr, 1) To UBound(arr, 1)
        txt = "": For j = LBound(arr, 2) To UBound(arr, 2)
            txt = txt & ColumnsSeparator$ & chr34$ & Replace(arr(i, j), chr34$, "'") & chr34$
        Next j
 
        buffer$ = buffer$ & Mid(txt, Len(ColumnsSeparator$) + 1) & RowsSeparator$
 
        ' для многократного увеличения производительности при больших диапазонах данных
        If Len(buffer$) > BufferLen& Then
            buffer2$ = buffer2$ & buffer$: buffer$ = ""
            If Len(buffer2$) > BufferLen& * 40 Then _
               Range2CSV = Range2CSV & buffer2$: buffer2$ = "" ': DoEvents
        End If
 
    Next i
    Range2CSV = Range2CSV & buffer2$ & buffer$
End Function

Для работы макроса понадобится ещё и функция сохранения текстового файла SaveTXTfile.
Найти её можно здесь: http://excelvba.ru/code/txt

Function SaveTXTfile(ByVal filename As String, ByVal txt As String) As Boolean
    On Error Resume Next: Err.Clear
    Set fso = CreateObject("scripting.filesystemobject")
    Set ts = fso.CreateTextFile(filename, True)
    ts.Write txt: ts.Close
    SaveTXTfile = Err = 0
    Set ts = Nothing: Set fso = Nothing
End Function

In this article, I am going to teach you 4 VBA Methods of – how to export data from Excel Range to a CSV file format using Excel VBA.

Important Note: Since comma is used as delimiter in CSV file – so what if your data itself has comma (,) as a value? To overcome this issue, CSV file format, stores such values within double quotes (” “) and then separated by comma(,).
Let’s get started then…

Methods of Exporting Excel data to CSV Files using VBA

In this article, following are the methods which I am using to Export Excel data i CSV format.

Before we go in to details, I would like to recommend you guys to go through following tutorials – this will help you in understanding the code better –
In following tutorial about interaction with text files through Excel VBA, we have talked a lot about creating new text files, exporting data from an Excel Range to Text file and so many other different topics.
VBA Guide to Interact with Text Files – Part – 1
VBA Guide to Interact with Text Files – Part – 2

1. Export ActiveWorkSheet as CSV file

Advantages of this method

1. This is a very simple and quickest method to export your Excel data to a CSV file.
2. No extra coding required in order to maintain the comma delimiter or double quotes etc. Excel does it by itself.

At the same time, this method has some short comings or challenges as well.

Drawbacks of this Method

1. In this method, data from ActiveSheet is saved as CSV file only. It ignores rest other sheets and its data.
2. You do not have control over data – which one to be exported or ignored. It will export every single data from the sheet to CSV format.
For example: If you have some blank rows at the beginning of the sheet etc., which you do not want to save it in CSV, it is not possible to ignore them. It will still save those lines as blank values in the CSV.

Best case when it should be used?

This is the best option, when your excel sheet has, the only data which you want to export it as a CSV file. That means it does not have any other data which you want to ignore while exporting it to csv.

VBA Code

Sub saveSheetToCSV()
    
    Dim myCSVFileName As String
    Dim tempWB As Workbook
    
    Application.DisplayAlerts = False
    On Error GoTo err
    
    myCSVFileName = ThisWorkbook.Path & "" & "CSV-Exported-File-" & VBA.Format(VBA.Now, "dd-MMM-yyyy hh-mm") & ".csv"

    ThisWorkbook.Sheets("YourSheetToCopy").Activate
    ActiveSheet.Copy
    Set tempWB = ActiveWorkbook
    
    With tempWB
    .SaveAs Filename:=myCSVFileName, FileFormat:=xlCSV, CreateBackup:=False
    .Close
    End With
err:
    Application.DisplayAlerts = True
End Sub

Explanation of the Code

This method is simply using the SaveAs feature of ActiveSheet to CSV format. Rest is self explanatory.

2. VBA to Export Specific Range to CSV – Method 1

Advantages of this method

This method overcomes both the challenges of the first Method.
1. Here you have full control over which all data you want to be part of your CSV file.
2. You can read data from random places and even from different sheets as well.
3. You can use your own delimiter – For example: instead of comma, you may use semicolon(;)

Drawbacks of this Method

1. The only shortcoming with this method, as compared to first method, is it has few more lines of code and execution time will be more because you are reading data for each row and column and putting them together in CSV file – separating them by comma.

Best case when it should be used?

1. When your data is scattered
2. You want to have control over data (Format check, some transformation logic etc.)

VBA Codes

Sub exportRangeToCSVFile()
    
    Dim myCSVFileName As String
    Dim myWB As Workbook
    Dim rngToSave As Range
    Dim fNum As Integer
    Dim csvVal As String
    
    Set myWB = ThisWorkbook
    myCSVFileName = myWB.Path & "" & "CSV-Exported-File-" & VBA.Format(VBA.Now, "dd-MMM-yyyy hh-mm") & ".csv"
    csvVal = ""
    fNum = FreeFile
    Set rngToSave = Range("B2:H30")
    
    Open myCSVFileName For Output As #fNum
    
    For i = 1 To rngToSave.Rows.Count
        For j = 1 To rngToSave.Columns.Count
            csvVal = csvVal & Chr(34) & rngToSave(i, j).Value & Chr(34) & ","
        Next
        Print #fNum, Left(csvVal, Len(csvVal) - 2)
        csvVal = ""
    Next
    
    Close #fileNumber
End Sub

Explanation of above Code

In above code, I am doing the following:
1. It is a simple for loop, using which I am concatenating each row and columns data separated by comma (,)
2. Print each rows data in csv file.
3. That’s all… your csv file is ready to use

3. VBA to Export excel Range or Table to csv – Method 2

If you want a specific range or Table to be exported as CSV from a Worksheet, which has lot more other data as well that you want to ignore, then this method should be used. Most importantly data is huge and chances are that your data might have comma (,) or double quotes (” “) as part of values.

How this method works?

Step 1: Copy the Range or Table data in to a New WorkSheetat Cell A1
Step 2: Now this new Worksheet has “the only data” which you want to save as CSV, therefore, apply method 1 and saveAs this WorkSheet as CSV file.

Best case when it should be used?

1. When you have a clear range of data which you want to export as csv
2. Data is large enough.
3. When there are chances that your data might have comma or double quotes as a value

VBA Code

Sub saveRangeToCSV()
	
	Dim myCSVFileName As String
	Dim myWB As Workbook
	Dim tempWB As Workbook
	Dim rngToSave As Range
	
	Application.DisplayAlerts = False
	On Error GoTo err
	
	Set myWB = ThisWorkbook
	myCSVFileName = myWB.Path & "" & "CSV-Exported-File-" & VBA.Format(VBA.Now, "dd-MMM-yyyy hh-mm") & ".csv"
	
	Set rngToSave = Range("C3:H50")
	rngToSave.Copy
	
	Set tempWB = Application.Workbooks.Add(1)
	With tempWB
		.Sheets(1).Range("A1").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
		.SaveAs Filename:=myCSVFileName, FileFormat:=xlCSV, CreateBackup:=False
		.Close
	End With
	err:
	Application.DisplayAlerts = True
End Sub

VBA Code Explanation

Above VBA Code is doing the followings:
1. Copy the Range from your Excel Sheet – rngToSave
2. Create a new Excel Workbook
3. Paste the Copied range data in to the first sheet of the workbook from A1 cell – .Sheets(1).Range(“A1”).PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
4. SaveAs this new workbook as CSV file
5. You are done Now 🙂

4. VBA to Export excel Table to CSV format

This is the simplest method to save an excel table to CSV format. Most importantly – your data must NOT have comma (,) as part of values. In such case, you should use above method – 3.

VBA for saving Excel Table as CSV

Sub saveTableToCSV()
	
	Dim tbl As ListObject
	Dim csvFilePath As String
	Dim fNum As Integer
	Dim tblArr
	Dim rowArr
	Dim csvVal

	Set tbl = Worksheets("YourSheetName").ListObjects("YourTableName")
	csvFilePath = "C:UsersvmishraDesktopCSVFile.csv"
	tblArr = tbl.DataBodyRange.Value
	
	fNum = FreeFile()
	Open csvFilePath For Output As #fNum
	For i = 1 To UBound(tblArr)
		rowArr = Application.Index(tblArr, i, 0)
		csvVal = VBA.Join(rowArr, ",")
		Print #1, csvVal
	Next
	Close #fNum
	Set tblArr = Nothing
	Set rowArr = Nothing
	Set csvVal = Nothing
End Sub

Explanation about the VBA Code above

Above code is doing the following
1. Storing the whole content of your table into a two dimensional array – tblArr
2. For each row – extract the data in to one dimensional array rowArr
3. Join all the data of single dimensional array by using comma as delimiter and store it in to a variable – csvVal
4. Print this comma separated data in the csv file (which was created)
5. Repeat this process for each row of the table – For loop is used to do so

I have tried covering all possible methods to export your excel data to CSV format.
I would really appreciate, if you provide your feedback. Do let me know by writing your comment here in the comment section of this article.