Как добавить строку в excel python

== Updated to a fully functional version, based on feedback here: groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/openpyxl-users/wHGecdQg3Iw. ==

As the others have pointed out, openpyxl does not provide this functionality, but I have extended the Worksheet class as follows to implement inserting rows. Hope this proves useful to others.

def insert_rows(self, row_idx, cnt, above=False, copy_style=True, fill_formulae=True):
    """Inserts new (empty) rows into worksheet at specified row index.

    :param row_idx: Row index specifying where to insert new rows.
    :param cnt: Number of rows to insert.
    :param above: Set True to insert rows above specified row index.
    :param copy_style: Set True if new rows should copy style of immediately above row.
    :param fill_formulae: Set True if new rows should take on formula from immediately above row, filled with references new to rows.

    Usage:

    * insert_rows(2, 10, above=True, copy_style=False)

    """
    CELL_RE  = re.compile("(?P<col>$?[A-Z]+)(?P<row>$?d+)")

    row_idx = row_idx - 1 if above else row_idx

    def replace(m):
        row = m.group('row')
        prefix = "$" if row.find("$") != -1 else ""
        row = int(row.replace("$",""))
        row += cnt if row > row_idx else 0
        return m.group('col') + prefix + str(row)

    # First, we shift all cells down cnt rows...
    old_cells = set()
    old_fas   = set()
    new_cells = dict()
    new_fas   = dict()
    for c in self._cells.values():

        old_coor = c.coordinate

        # Shift all references to anything below row_idx
        if c.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
            c.value = CELL_RE.sub(
                replace,
                c.value
            )
            # Here, we need to properly update the formula references to reflect new row indices
            if old_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' in self.formula_attributes[old_coor]:
                self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref'] = CELL_RE.sub(
                    replace,
                    self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref']
                )

        # Do the magic to set up our actual shift    
        if c.row > row_idx:
            old_coor = c.coordinate
            old_cells.add((c.row,c.col_idx))
            c.row += cnt
            new_cells[(c.row,c.col_idx)] = c
            if old_coor in self.formula_attributes:
                old_fas.add(old_coor)
                fa = self.formula_attributes[old_coor].copy()
                new_fas[c.coordinate] = fa

    for coor in old_cells:
        del self._cells[coor]
    self._cells.update(new_cells)

    for fa in old_fas:
        del self.formula_attributes[fa]
    self.formula_attributes.update(new_fas)

    # Next, we need to shift all the Row Dimensions below our new rows down by cnt...
    for row in range(len(self.row_dimensions)-1+cnt,row_idx+cnt,-1):
        new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-cnt])
        new_rd.index = row
        self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd
        del self.row_dimensions[row-cnt]

    # Now, create our new rows, with all the pretty cells
    row_idx += 1
    for row in range(row_idx,row_idx+cnt):
        # Create a Row Dimension for our new row
        new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-1])
        new_rd.index = row
        self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd
        for col in range(1,self.max_column):
            col = get_column_letter(col)
            cell = self.cell('%s%d'%(col,row))
            cell.value = None
            source = self.cell('%s%d'%(col,row-1))
            if copy_style:
                cell.number_format = source.number_format
                cell.font      = source.font.copy()
                cell.alignment = source.alignment.copy()
                cell.border    = source.border.copy()
                cell.fill      = source.fill.copy()
            if fill_formulae and source.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
                s_coor = source.coordinate
                if s_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' not in self.formula_attributes[s_coor]:
                    fa = self.formula_attributes[s_coor].copy()
                    self.formula_attributes[cell.coordinate] = fa
                # print("Copying formula from cell %s%d to %s%d"%(col,row-1,col,row))
                cell.value = re.sub(
                    "($?[A-Z]{1,3}$?)%d"%(row - 1),
                    lambda m: m.group(1) + str(row),
                    source.value
                )   
                cell.data_type = Cell.TYPE_FORMULA

    # Check for Merged Cell Ranges that need to be expanded to contain new cells
    for cr_idx, cr in enumerate(self.merged_cell_ranges):
        self.merged_cell_ranges[cr_idx] = CELL_RE.sub(
            replace,
            cr
        )

Worksheet.insert_rows = insert_rows

answered Jun 15, 2015 at 7:20

Adding an answer applicable to more recent releases, v2.5+, of openpyxl:

There’s now an insert_rows() and insert_cols().

insert_rows(idx, amount=1)

Insert row or rows before row==idx

Answering this with the code that I’m now using to achieve the desired result. Note that I am manually inserting the row at position 1, but that should be easy enough to adjust for specific needs. You could also easily tweak this to insert more than one row, and simply populate the rest of the data starting at the relevant position.

Also, note that due to downstream dependencies, we are manually specifying data from ‘Sheet1’, and the data is getting copied to a new sheet which is inserted at the beginning of the workbook, whilst renaming the original worksheet to ‘Sheet1.5’.

EDIT: I’ve also added (later on) a change to the format_code to fix issues where the default copy operation here removes all formatting: new_cell.style.number_format.format_code = 'mm/dd/yyyy'. I couldn’t find any documentation that this was settable, it was more of a case of trial and error!

Lastly, don’t forget this example is saving over the original. You can change the save path where applicable to avoid this.

    import openpyxl

    wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
    old_sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
    old_sheet.title = 'Sheet1.5'
    max_row = old_sheet.get_highest_row()
    max_col = old_sheet.get_highest_column()
    wb.create_sheet(0, 'Sheet1')

    new_sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name('Sheet1')

    # Do the header.
    for col_num in range(0, max_col):
        new_sheet.cell(row=0, column=col_num).value = old_sheet.cell(row=0, column=col_num).value

    # The row to be inserted. We're manually populating each cell.
    new_sheet.cell(row=1, column=0).value = 'DUMMY'
    new_sheet.cell(row=1, column=1).value = 'DUMMY'

    # Now do the rest of it. Note the row offset.
    for row_num in range(1, max_row):
        for col_num in range (0, max_col):
            new_sheet.cell(row = (row_num + 1), column = col_num).value = old_sheet.cell(row = row_num, column = col_num).value

    wb.save(file)

answered Jun 26, 2013 at 14:31

Openpyxl Worksheets have limited functionality when it comes to doing row or column level operations. The only properties a Worksheet has that relates to rows/columns are the properties row_dimensions and column_dimensions, which store «RowDimensions» and «ColumnDimensions» objects for each row and column, respectively. These dictionaries are also used in function like get_highest_row() and get_highest_column().

Everything else operates on a cell level, with Cell objects being tracked in the dictionary, _cells (and their style tracked in the dictionary _styles). Most functions that look like they’re doing anything on a row or column level are actually operating on a range of cells (such as the aforementioned append()).

The simplest thing to do would be what you suggested: create a new sheet, append your header row, append your new data rows, append your old data rows, delete the old sheet, then rename your new sheet to the old one. Problems that may be presented with this method is the loss of row/column dimensions attributes and cell styles, unless you specifically copy them, too.

Alternatively, you could create your own functions that insert rows or columns.

I had a large number of very simple worksheets that I needed to delete columns from. Since you asked for explicit examples, I’ll provide the function I quickly threw together to do this:

from openpyxl.cell import get_column_letter

def ws_delete_column(sheet, del_column):

    for row_num in range(1, sheet.get_highest_row()+1):
        for col_num in range(del_column, sheet.get_highest_column()+1):

            coordinate = '%s%s' % (get_column_letter(col_num),
                                   row_num)
            adj_coordinate = '%s%s' % (get_column_letter(col_num + 1),
                                       row_num)

            # Handle Styles.
            # This is important to do if you have any differing
            # 'types' of data being stored, as you may otherwise get
            # an output Worksheet that's got improperly formatted cells.
            # Or worse, an error gets thrown because you tried to copy
            # a string value into a cell that's styled as a date.

            if adj_coordinate in sheet._styles:
                sheet._styles[coordinate] = sheet._styles[adj_coordinate]
                sheet._styles.pop(adj_coordinate, None)
            else:
                sheet._styles.pop(coordinate, None)

            if adj_coordinate in sheet._cells:
                sheet._cells[coordinate] = sheet._cells[adj_coordinate]
                sheet._cells[coordinate].column = get_column_letter(col_num)
                sheet._cells[coordinate].row = row_num
                sheet._cells[coordinate].coordinate = coordinate

                sheet._cells.pop(adj_coordinate, None)
            else:
                sheet._cells.pop(coordinate, None)

        # sheet.garbage_collect()

I pass it the worksheet that I’m working with, and the column number I want deleted, and away it goes. I know it isn’t exactly what you wanted, but I hope this information helped!

EDIT: Noticed someone gave this another vote, and figured I should update it. The co-ordinate system in Openpyxl experienced some changes sometime in the passed couple years, introducing a coordinate attribute for items in _cell. This needs to be edited, too, or the rows will be left blank (instead of deleted), and Excel will throw an error about problems with the file. This works for Openpyxl 2.2.3 (untested with later versions)

answered Jun 25, 2013 at 20:04

As of openpyxl 1.5 you can now use .insert_rows(idx, row_qty)

from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('excel_template.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
ws.insert_rows(14, 10)

It will not pick up the formatting of the idx row as it would if you did this manually in Excel. you will have apply the correct formatting i.e. cell color afterwards.

answered Aug 7, 2018 at 9:39

yugal sinhayugal sinha

3542 silver badges4 bronze badges

I took Dallas solution and added support for merged cells:

    def insert_rows(self, row_idx, cnt, above=False, copy_style=True, fill_formulae=True):
        skip_list = []
        try:
            idx = row_idx - 1 if above else row_idx
            for (new, old) in zip(range(self.max_row+cnt,idx+cnt,-1),range(self.max_row,idx,-1)):
                for c_idx in range(1,self.max_column):
                  col = self.cell(row=1, column=c_idx).column #get_column_letter(c_idx)
                  print("Copying %s%d to %s%d."%(col,old,col,new))
                  source = self["%s%d"%(col,old)]
                  target = self["%s%d"%(col,new)]
                  if source.coordinate in skip_list:
                      continue

                  if source.coordinate in self.merged_cells:
                      # This is a merged cell
                      for _range in self.merged_cell_ranges:
                          merged_cells_list = [x for x in cells_from_range(_range)][0]
                          if source.coordinate in merged_cells_list:
                              skip_list = merged_cells_list
                              self.unmerge_cells(_range)
                              new_range = re.sub(str(old),str(new),_range)
                              self.merge_cells(new_range)
                              break

                  if source.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
                    target.value = re.sub(
                      "($?[A-Z]{1,3})%d"%(old),
                      lambda m: m.group(1) + str(new),
                      source.value
                    )
                  else:
                    target.value = source.value
                  target.number_format = source.number_format
                  target.font   = source.font.copy()
                  target.alignment = source.alignment.copy()
                  target.border = source.border.copy()
                  target.fill   = source.fill.copy()
            idx = idx + 1
            for row in range(idx,idx+cnt):
                for c_idx in range(1,self.max_column):
                  col = self.cell(row=1, column=c_idx).column #get_column_letter(c_idx)
                  #print("Clearing value in cell %s%d"%(col,row))
                  cell = self["%s%d"%(col,row)]
                  cell.value = None
                  source = self["%s%d"%(col,row-1)]
                  if copy_style:
                    cell.number_format = source.number_format
                    cell.font      = source.font.copy()
                    cell.alignment = source.alignment.copy()
                    cell.border    = source.border.copy()
                    cell.fill      = source.fill.copy()
                  if fill_formulae and source.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
                    #print("Copying formula from cell %s%d to %s%d"%(col,row-1,col,row))
                    cell.value = re.sub(
                      "($?[A-Z]{1,3})%d"%(row - 1),
                      lambda m: m.group(1) + str(row),
                      source.value
                    )

answered Aug 9, 2015 at 10:12

mut3mut3

544 bronze badges

answered Feb 20, 2022 at 15:23

sedavidwsedavidw

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