It is not easy to get a job replace the underlined words or word combinations

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Перевод задания
Перепиши предложения. Используй слова из рамки вместо подчеркнутых словосочетаний.

макулатура
мусорные ведра
быть переработанным
загрязнять их химическими отходами
закопаны в землю
запрещено

1 . Ежегодно в мире закопаны миллионы тонн мусора.
2. Большинство новых книг, журналов и журналов можно сделать из бумаги, которая уже использовалась.
3. Многие вещи, которые мы выбрасываем, можно сделать пригодными для использования снова.
4. В большинстве городов и стран запрещено выбрасывать мусор на улицах.
5. Часто рыба вымирает в реках, потому что заводы и фабрики выбрасывают туда химические отходы.
6. Все мы должны класть мусор в специальные контейнеры для мусора, чтобы поддерживать порядок в месте, где мы живем.

ОТВЕТ
1. Millions of tons of rubbish are buried in the world every year.
2. Most of new books, magazines and journals can be made from waste paper.
3. Lots of things which we throw away can be recycled.
4. In most cities and countries it is prohibited to throw away litter in the streets.
5. Often fish die out in rivers because plants and factories pollute them with chemical waste.
6. All of us should put litter in bins to keep tidy the place where we live.

Перевод ответа
1. Ежегодно в мире закапывают миллионы тонн мусора.
2. Большинство новых книг, журналов и журналов можно сделать из макулатуры.
3. Многие вещи, которые мы выбрасываем, можно переработать.
4. В большинстве городов и стран запрещено выбрасывать мусор на улицах.
5. Часто рыба вымирает в реках, потому что заводы и фабрики загрязняют их химическими отходами.
6. Все мы должны складывать мусор в урны, чтобы поддерживать порядок в том месте, где мы живем.

In answering this question, I would like to look first at the elements that combine to make a job undesirable. By avoiding such factors, potential 1)__________ are more likely to find a job that is more worthwhile, and by doing so, hope to achieve happiness in their work.

9)____________ in which he or she is guaranteed work. Nowadays, however, companies have a high turnover of staff, 10)____________ new staff and 11)____________ others on a weekly basis. Such companies are not popular with their workers.

The same can be said of a job in which you are put under a lot of 12)___________ and worry, a job which is so 13)____________ that it takes over your life, a job where you work 14)____________ and so never get to see your family or friends, or a physical job in which you do the same thing every day and end up with the industrial disease that is always in the papers nowadays – 15)_______________ .

With all these negative factors, it would be difficult to believe that there are any elements that make a job worthwhile. Money is, of course, the prime motivator, and everybody wants a good 16)____________ .But of course that is not all. The chance of 17)____________, of being given a better position in a company, is a motivating factor. Likewise, 18)___________ such as a free lunch or a company car, an 19)____________scheme to make you work hard such as a regular 20)___________

above the rate of inflation, 21)___________ in case you fall ill and a company 22)_____________ scheme so that you have some money when you retire all combine to make a job worthwhile.

Unfortunately, it is not always easy to find all of these. There is, however, an alternative. Forget the office and the factory floor and become 23)___________ and work for yourself. Your future may not be secure, but at least you will be happy.

Exercise 10. You are going to hear four conversations in which a number of men and women agree and disagree about different suggestions concerning working life. As you listen, write down the topic of the conversation and put a () for the people who agree or a (X) for those who disagree:

UNIT 2: RECRUITMENT

Exercise 1. Read the following information about recruitment procedures:

people for particular jobs especially in Am. English, been recruited is a recruit The company employs or company. A company directly or use outside agencies or employment specialists called called on to headhunt jobs, persuading them to they already work for. headhunting.

B. Applying for a job

Fred is a van driver, but he was fed up with long trips. He looked in the situations vacant pages of his local newspaper, where a local supermarket was advertising for van drivers for a new delivery service. He applied for the job by completing an application form and sending it in.

Harry is a building engineer. He saw a job in the appointment pages of one of the national papers. He made an application, sending in his CV (curriculum vitae – the “story” of his working life) and a covering letter explaining why he wanted the job and why he was the right person for it.

Note: BrE: CV; AmE: resume

BrE: covering letter; AmE: cover letter.

C. Selection procedures

Dagmar Schmidt is the head of recruitment at a German telecommunications company. She talks about the selection process, the methods that the company uses to recruit people:

“We advertise in national newspapers. We look at the backgrounds of applicants: their experience of different jobs and their educational qualifications. We don’t ask for handwritten letters of application as people usually apply by email; handwriting analysis belongs to the 19th century.

We invite the most interesting candidates to a group discussion. Then we have individual interviews with each candidate. We also ask the candidates to do written psychological tests to assess their intelligence and personality.

After this we shortlist three or four candidates. We check their references by writing to their referees: previous employers or teachers that candidates have named in their applications. If the references are OK, we ask the candidates to come back for more interviews. Finally, we offer the job to someone, and if they turn it down we have to think again. If they accept it, we hire them. We only appoint someone if we find the right person”.

Exercise 2. Complete the following sentences with the right word or phrase:

a. I hope she …………., because if she …………….the job, we’ll have to start

looking again.

b.That last applicant was very strong, but I understand he’s had two other ………..

already.

c.They’ve finally ……….. a new receptionist.

d.I phoned to check on my application, but they said they’d already

……….someone.

e.This job is so important, I think we need to ………… someone.

f.Computer programmers wanted. Only those with UNIX experience should

…………….

g.The selection process has lasted three months, but we’re going to ……someone next week.

Exercise 3. Replace the underlined phrases with correct forms of words and expressions from A, B and C:

Fred had already refused two job offers when he went for a discussion to see if he was suitable for the job. They looked at his driving licence and contacted previous employers Fred had mentioned in his application. A few days later, the supermarket asked him if he would like the job and Fred said yes.

Harry didn’t hear anything for six weeks, so he phoned the company. They told him that they had received a lot of requests for the job. After looking at the life stories of the people asking for the job and looking at what exams they had passed during their education, the company had chosen six people to interview, done tests on their personality and intelligence and they had then given someone the job.

Exercise 4. Read this newspaper article and find the answers to the following questions in the text:

1.What were the TWOreasons why Virgin Atlantic was considering redundancies?

2.What were the TWO things Richard Branson invited his staff to do?

3.How many people volunteered to take unpaid leave?

4.How did the long break affect the staff’s attitude to their work?

5.Why is the scheme attractive to new recruits?

6.Is the scheme going to become permanent?

Branson’s new route to more jobs by Celia Weston

For many young people lucky enough to get a job after leaving school or college, the biggest shock of the transition to work is how few holidays they get.

Having spent their academic years working an eight or nine-month year, it can be depressing to realize that for the rest of their working lives they will be able to take only four weeks off a year.

Many would jump at the chance to take three months off — and that’s exactly what happened at Virgin Atlantic, the airline run by Richard Branson. He believes the new initiative could help to reduce unemployment.

Faced last autumn with the recession and with its failure to acquire more flight slots out of Heathrow airport, the company was having to consider redundancies. Mr. Branson wrote to staff saying that cutting back on jobs was “something I have never wanted to do”.

Many people looking for work read the (1) …………………….. advertised in newspapers by companies and (2) …………………. . To reply to an advertisement is to (3)

……………… for a job. (You become a (4) ………………… or an (5)

…………………………). You write an (6) ……………………, or fill in the company’s

(7) ……………………, and send it, along with your (8) …………………….. and a covering letter. You often have to give the names of two people who are prepared to write

(9) ………………….for you. If your qualifications and abilities match the (10)

…………………., you might be (11) ……………………, i.e. selected to attend an (12)

……………………… .

Exercise 7. When employees ‘give notice’, i.e. inform their employer that they will be leaving the company (as soon as their contract allows), in what order should the company carry out the following steps?

a.either hire a job agency (or for a senior post, a firm of headhunters), or advertise the vacancy

b.establish whether there is an internal candidate who could be promoted (or moved sideways) to the job

c.examine the job description for the post, to see whether it needs to be changed (or indeed, whether the post needs to be filled)

d.follow up the references of candidates who seem interesting

e.invite the short-listed candidates for an interview

f.make a final selection

g.receive applications, curricula vitae and covering letters, and make a preliminary selection (a short list)

h.try to discover why the person has resigned

i.write to all the other candidates to inform them that they have been unsuccessful

Exercise 8. While you are listening to the interview on the tape, complete the table below:

Exercise 9. Below you will see some extracts from wants ads. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the following list:

—Our new 200-seat restaurant is opening in May and we are looking for waiters, waitresses and (1)……….

—If you are a friendly and (2)……….person who is not afraid of (3)………., we have the job and hours to (4)……….you.

—For more information, (5)……….Helen at (415) 331-2012.

—Secretary/Receptionist (6)……….for a (7)……… . Typing and shorthand between 80 and 120 wpm. We will give (8)……….to applicants who have experience using word processors and computers.

—We want a positive person who is (9)……….to work hard and can use their own (10)………. . You must be lively and have a good sense of humour and a (11)……….speaking voice. You will receive (12)……….to enable you to inform (13)……….of the benefits of advertising with us.

—The (14)……….will have had (15)……….in booking and banking procedures. The position calls for word-processing and secretarial (16)……….plus the (17)……….to

work as part of a (18)………. A (19)……….salary is offered as well as a company (20)……….

UNIT 3: WRITING CV AND LETTER OF APPLICATION

Exercise 1. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions:

What impression do you try to give in an application letter?

Should an application letter be handwritten, typed, or laser-printed?

Do you always tell the absolute truth in application letters?

Exercise 2. Listen to an expert discussing letters of application. What information does she consider to be essential?

Exercise 3. Write ten DOs or DON’Ts to help people who are writing letters of application. The first ones have been done for you.

Do write clearly. Don’t use a pencil.

Exercise 4. Listen to the tape and write down anything which is not on the list you wrote.

Exercise 5. Read the following information about writing letters of application:

Writing application letter

normally be sufficient. It is better to address a letter to a specific person, e.g. Dear Miss Chan, rather than to Dear Sir or Madam. However, in some job advertisements the name of the person you are writing to is not given. It is good practice to try to find out the following information before you write your letter:

the full name of the person you are writing;

their title — Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms, Dr, Professor, etc, and;

their position — Personnel Manager, Human Resources Manager, etc.

All this information can be obtained by a quick phone call to the company. Remember, never write Dear Miss W. Chan. It should be Dear Miss Chan. Do not use the initial except in the address. If you start with Dear Sir/Madam, it is accepted practice to finish with Yours faithfully. Whereas, if you start with Dear Miss Chan, you may finish with Yours sincerely. Your letter should be neat and free from careless mistakes. You can follow the blocked and open punctuation style. Whichever layout style you choose to use, you should use it consistently throughout the letter.

Structure of the letter

Paragraph 1 It should state clearly why you are writing and where you saw the job advertised.

1.I would like to apply for the post of … as advertised in today’s issue of..

2.With reference to your advertisement in … on …, I am writing to apply for the position of …

Paragraph 2 It should give a little information about your qualifications and experience. Make sure the information you give is relevant to the job that you are applying for.

1.As you can see from my enclosed CV, I have worked in my present position for five years. During this time I have gained invaluable experience in …

2.I am currently a student at TPU studying …….. I am due to graduate in…….

Although I have been studying full time, I have had a number of summer jobs which have helped me to gain experience in …

3.My experience over the past two years has been at the managerial level, where I have had responsibility for …

Paragraph 3 It should say why you believe you are suited to the job and what you can offer the company. Those currently employed can state the reason for wishing to change their present job. However, you should not sound critical of your present employer.

1.I am currently working as a receptionist in …The reason for my seeking a new position is that I wish to pursue a secretarial career. Unfortunately, there are no openings for advancement in my present employment.

2.For the last two years I have been working as a receptionist in …Unfortunately the company is moving its main offices overseas and I have therefore decided to look for a new position. I believe that the experience I have gained in … has given me the qualities you are looking for …

3.I believe I would be an asset to your company. I will be able to bring with me my experience of … which I believe would be useful in this position…

4.I feel that my ability to … will help/enable me to …

Paragraph 4 It should tell the reader when you are available for an interview and how to contact you.

1.I would like to have the opportunity to talk to you further about my application. I am available for interview at any time and I can be contacted at/on …

2.I am available for an interview at any time but would appreciate two days notice. I can be contacted on/at …

I look forward to hearing from/meeting you soon.

3. As requested in the advertisement, I enclose a copy of my resume together with a recent photograph.

I look forward to meeting with you to discuss my application further. I am

available … and can be contacted on/at …

Remember you might have to give a bit more detail than in the above examples. You can also combine the language in these examples. Also, it is sometimes useful to gather information about the company so that you know more about its background and policies. This may help you present yourself in the best light.

Exercise 6. Read the following extracts from two letters about the advertisement for administrative clerk. Fill in each blank with a word from the following list:

A. Dear Sir or Madam,

In reference (1)……….your advertisement in today’s ‘Morning News’, I am interested

(2)……….applying for the (3)……….of administrative clerk with your company. Could you please send me (4)……….details and an application (5)……….

B. Dear Sir,

I would like to apply (6)……….the position of administrative clerk with your company. I

(7)……….my application form. I am presently working (8)……….a secretary in the accounts office at TW Industries. My responsibilities include (9)……….and copy typing and dealing (10)……….correspondence and telephone (11)………. . Twice a week I have been going to evening classes in bookkeeping and I intend to (12)……….an examination in three month.

I am applying for the position because I would like an (13)……….to make more use of my training.

I would be (14)……….for an interview at any time.

I hope that you will (15)……….my application (16)……….

Exercise 7. Look at this job ad: what would be its attractions — what might be its drawbacks? Based on the information from Exercise 5 write a letter of application to ACME Atlantic.

Work in Bermuda!

ACME Atlantic are a well-known and respected trading company. We handle imports directly from manufacturers in 35 different countries, often to our own specifications, and currently export to 46 different countries worldwide.

We are looking for enthusiastic people to work in our office in Bermuda on temporary 3- 6- and 9-month contracts. Applicants must be able to speak and write at least one foreign language fluently and can be nationals of any country.