Is the word made a verb

In traditional grammar, the example is analysed as a passive as follows:

1…This car…….is…………made……………. of …………steel»

…subject …….verb…past participle…preposition… noun

Noun Phrase.[………..verb……………]..[adverbial modifier]

A more advanced version would have

2…This car………… is…….. made……… of …………steel»

…subject ………verb…..adjective… preposition… noun

Noun Phrase….verb……adjective….[adverbial modifier]

Noun Phrase….verb…..[……..adjectival modifier………..]

The test for an adjective is often «adding ‘very’ and see if it makes sense. HOWEVER, this does not work with ungradeable adjectives, e.g. *»She was very pregnant.» (wrong) and «made» is an ungradeable adjective.

OED made(adj): Produced or obtained by making as distinguished in some way from other modes of origin or acquisition; resulting from human activity.

1981 A. B. Facey Fortunate Life 44 The road was just a winding track—there were no made roads in those days.

Прежде чем приступить к выполнению упражнения, запомните, что обозначает фразовый глагол make:

make for — направляться
make off (with sth) — убежать, удрать, скрыться
make sth out/ out sth — 1) составлять (список, документ); выписать (чек, счёт); 2) разобраться, рассмотреть, различить, прочитать, понять (с трудом)
make of sth — понимать, иметь представление, мнение
make up sth — 1) мириться 2) гримировать(ся), накладывать косметику 3) сочинять, придумывать 4)  составлять, формировать

Ex.1 Match the phrasal verbs on the left to the correct definitions on the right.

1. make for 2. make off 3. make out 4. make of 5. make up

A. to hurry away, especially in order to escape B. move into the direction of C. understand, interpret D. 1) stop being angry with someone 2) put on cosmetics 3) invent a story 4) form, constitute E. write out; manage to see, read; understand

Ex. 2 Fill in the gaps with the correct particles.

1. They are always arguing, but they make *** again very quickly.
2. They made *** with our television and our stereo.
3. I can just make a few words *** on this page.
4. North Africans make *** the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country…
5. I couldn’t make *** what he was saying.
6. He rose from his seat and made *** the door.
7. Can you make *** a face here on the photograph?
8. I can’t make her ***.
9. He made *** some excuse about the dog eating his homework.
10. She went to the bathroom to make her face ***.
11. He made *** that he’d won the lottery.
12. They kissed and made ***, as usual.
13. We often quarrel but we always make it *** soon after.
14. She takes ages to make *** in the mornings.
15. Masked robbers broke in and made *** with $8,000.
16. The book gives advice on making *** a will.
17. For the film, they made him *** as an Indian.
18. North Africans make *** the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country…
19. Insects are made *** of tens of thousands of proteins.
20. At first I thought it was an accident, but as far as I can make ***, the police consider that’s unlikely.
21. I think it’s very unkind of you to make *** stories about him…
22. I’m not making it ***. The character exists in real life.
23. I couldn’t make *** what I had done to annoy her.
24. She spent too much time making herself ***…
25. She chose Maggie to make her *** for her engagement photographs…
26. I can’t be bothered to make *** my face.
27. She came back and they made ***…
28. Make the cheque *** to ‘Grays Ltd’.
29. They never made *** the quarrel…
30. They should make *** with their ex-enemy in the West…
31. If you would like to send a donation, you can make a cheque *** to Feed the Children…
32. As far as I can make ***, he has never been married.
33. Women make *** only a small proportion of the prison population.
34. I think they’re making the whole thing ***.
35. The committee is made *** of representatives from every state.
36. She thought she heard a name. She couldn’t make it ***, though…
37. When you’re the boss you can make *** your own rules.
38. I’ve given talks so many times that now I just make them *** as I go along (=think of things to say as I am speaking).
39. They made him *** as an old man for the last act of the play.
40. One lucky winner will have the chance to be made *** and photographed.

Ex. 3 Fill in the gaps with the correct particles.

1. Have you made *** with Patty yet?
2. Oh come on! Why don’t you just kiss and make ***?
3. I couldn’t make it *** at all…
4. He could just make *** a dark shape moving towards him.
5. I couldn’t make *** what he was saying.
6. Thieves broke into the school and made *** with computer equipment worth ?40,000.
7. The burglars made *** before the police arrived.
8. They broke free and made *** in a stolen car.
9. They made *** an excuse for being late.
10. The men made *** as the police arrived.
11. The getaway car made *** towards Horrocks Avenue.
12. I think it’s time we made *** home.
13. I think it’s time we made *** home.
14. The numbers are too small – I can’t make them *** at all.
15. I can’t make *** your writing.
16. She’s a strange person – I can’t make her *** at all.
17. Nobody can make *** why you should have been attacked.
18. The child wanted him to make a story *** about dragons and knights on horseback.
19. They kissed and made ***, as usual, and so everyone relaxed.
20. It is hard to make *** what criteria are used…
21. We often quarrel but we always make it *** (with each other) soon after.
22. Nancy wasn’t sure what to make *** Mick’s apology.
23. They made my face *** to look like a clown.
24. She made *** a check and handed it to me.
25. She takes forever to make *** in the morning.
26. I’ll get the pharmacist to make this prescription *** for you.
27. I heard the voices, but couldn’t make *** what they were saying.
28. Could you make *** a list of all the things we need?
29. I’m going to make *** a receipt for you.
30. Why don’t you two forget your differences and make ***?
31. Insects are made *** of tens of thousands of proteins.
32. Women make *** only a small proportion of the prison population.
33. The committee is made *** of representatives from every state.
34. I could just make *** a tall, pale, shadowy figure tramping through the undergrowth…
35. It is hard to make *** what criteria are used…
36. At first I thought it was an accident, but as far as I can make ***, the police consider that’s unlikely.
37. Stuart’s a strange guy – I can’t make him *** at all.
38. She was making *** a list of people to invite.
39. Nick made *** a song about them.
40. This exercise was made *** by the teacher.

About Author

Татьяна

It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.

A verb is a word or a combination of words that indicates action or a state of being or condition. A verb is the part of a sentence that tells us what the subject performs. Verbs are the hearts of English sentences.

Examples:

• Jacob walks in the morning. (A usual action)
• Mike is going to school. (A condition of action)
• Albert does not like to walk. (A negative action)
• Anna is a good girl. (A state of being)

Verbs are related to a lot of other factors like the subject, person, number, tense, mood, voice, etc.

Basic Forms of Verbs

There are six basic forms of verbs. These forms are as follows:

• Base form: Children play in the field.
• Infinitive: Tell them not to play
• Past tense: They played football yesterday.
• Past participle: I have eaten a burger.
• Present participle: I saw them playing with him today.
• Gerund: Swimming is the best exercise.

Different Types of Verbs

• Main/Base Verb
• Regular/Weak Verb
• Irregular/Strong Verb
• Transitive Verb
• Intransitive Verb
• Weak Verb
• Strong Verb
• Finite Verbs
• Non-finite Verbs
• Action Verbs
• Linking Verb
• Auxiliary Verbs
• Modal Verbs
• Reflexive Verb
• Ergative Verb
• Phrasal Verb
• Lexical Verb
• Delexical Verb
• Stative/Being Verb
• Dynamic Verb
• Non-continuous Verb
• Participle
• Gerund
• Infinitive

Base Verb

The base verb is the form of a verb where it has no ending (-ing, -ed, -en) added to it. It is also called the Root Verb since it is the very root form of a verb.

Examples:

• I go to school every day.
• You run a mile every morning.
• Do your homework.

Regular Verb

The Verbs that follow the most usual conjugations are considered Regular Verbs. It is regular since it abides by most if not all of the regular grammar rules there are.

Examples:

• Rehan plays cricket.
• Tam called out my name.
• You really walked all the way back? 

Irregular Verb

The Verbs that have irregularities in terms of following grammar rules are Irregular Verbs, in general.

Examples:

• Do the dishes.
• I hardly ever drink enough water in a day.
• She drove all the way back. 

Transitive Verb

The Main Verb that takes a direct object sitting right after it would be a Transitive Verb. They usually construct the most straightforward of sentences.

Examples:

• She went to the fair.
• We do not like being called out loud in crowds.
• I love visiting my village home.

Intransitive Verb

The main Verb that does not take a direct object specified right afterward and rather there is an indirect one mentioned somewhere along the line is called an Intransitive Verb. These verbs often make the corresponding sentences incomplete.

Example:

• I laughed.
• John ran.
• A ghast of cold wind blew.

Weak Verb

Verbs that end with “-d” and “-t” in their Past Indefinite and Past Participle form are Weak Verbs. There is a tendency to associate Weak Verbs with Regular Verbs but not all Weak Verbs are Regular Verbs in the English language.

Examples:

Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite
Spend	Spent
Walk	Walked
Book	Booked
Learn	Learnt
Want	Wanted

 Strong Verb

Strong Verbs are those in which the vowels in the verb stem changes from “i” to “a” to “u” in the Present Indefinite to Past Indefinite to Past Participle form of Verbs.

Examples:

Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Past Participle
Ring	Rang	Rung
Drink	Drank	Drunk
Cling	Clang	Clung
Swim	Swam	Swum
Sing	Sang	Sung
Wring	Wrang	Wrung

Finite Verbs

Finite verbs are the actual verbs that are called the roots of sentences. It is a form of a verb that is performed by or refers to a subject and uses one of the twelve forms of tense and changes according to the number/person of the subject.

Example:

• Alex went to school. (Subject – Alex – performed the action in the past. This information is evident only by the verb ‘went’.)
• Robert plays hockey.
• He is playing for Australia.
• He is one of the best players. (Here, the verb ‘is’ directly refers to the subject itself.)

Non-finite Verbs

Non-finite Verbs are not actual verbs. They do not work as verbs in the sentence rather they work as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, etc. Non-finite verbs do not change according to the number/person of the subject because these verbs, also called verbals, do not have any direct relation to the subject. Sometimes they become the subject themselves.

The forms of non-finite verbs are – infinitive, gerund, and participle (participles become finite verbs when they take auxiliary verbs.)

Example:

• Alex went abroad to play (Infinitives)
• Playing cricket is his only job. (Present participle)
• I have a broken bat. (Past participle)
• Walking is a good habit. (Gerund)

Action Verbs

Action verbs indicate what the subject of a sentence performs. Action verbs can make the listener/reader feel emotions, see scenes more vividly and accurately.

Action verbs can be transitive or intransitive.

Transitive verbs must have a direct object. A transitive verb demands something/someone to be acted upon.

Example:

• I painted the car. (The verb ‘paint’ demands an object to be painted)
• She is reading the newspaper. (The verb ‘read’ asks the question “what is she reading?” – the answer is the object)

Intransitive verbs do not act upon anything. They may be followed by an adjective, adverb, preposition, or another part of speech.

Example:

• She smiled. (The verb ‘smile’ cannot have any object since the action of ‘smiling’ does not fall upon anything/anyone)
• I wake up at 6 AM. (No object is needed for this verb)

Note: {Subject + Intransitive verb} is sufficient to make a complete sentence but {Subject + Transitive verb} is not sufficient because transitive verbs demand a direct object.

Linking Verb

A linking verb adds details about the subject of a sentence. In its simplest form, it connects the subject and the complement — that is, the words that follow the linking verb. It creates a link between them instead of showing action.

Often, what is on each side of a linking verb is equivalent; the complement redefines or restates the subject.

Generally, linking verbs are called ‘be’ verbs which are — am, is, are, was, were. However, there are some other verbs that can work as linking verbs. Those verbs are:

Act, feel, remain, appear, become, seem, smell, sound, grow, look, prove, stay, taste, turn.

Some verbs in this list can also be action verbs. To figure out if they are linking verbs, you should try replacing them with forms of the be verbs. If the changed sentence makes sense, that verb is a linking verb.

Example:

• She appears ready for the game. (She is ready for the game.)
• The food seemed delicious. (The food was delicious.)
• You look happy. (You are happy.)

Auxiliary Verbs

Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. An auxiliary verb extends the main verb by helping to show time, tense, and possibility. The auxiliary verbs are – be verbs, have, and do.

They are used in the continuous (progressive) and perfect tenses.

Linking verbs work as main verbs in the sentence, but auxiliary verbs help main verbs.

Do is an auxiliary verb that is used to ask questions, to express negation, to provide emphasis, and more.

Example:

• Alex is going to school.
• They are walking in the park.
• I have seen a movie.
• Do you drink tea?
• Don’t waste your time.
• Please, do submit your assignments.

Modal Verbs

A modal verb is a kind of auxiliary verb. It assists the main verb to indicate possibility, potentiality, ability, permission, expectation, and obligation.

The modal verbs are can, could, must, may, might, ought to, shall, should, will, would.

 Example:

• I may want to talk to you again.
• They must play their best game to win.
• She should call him.
• I will go there.

Reflexive Verb

When the Subject and the Object are the same and the Verb reflects on the Subject, that is the Reflexive Verb. These Verbs are often used with Reflexive Pronouns like — myself, himself, herself, itself etc.

Examples: 

• He has done it himself.
• I’ll watch it myself. 

Ergative Verb

Ergative Verbs can be used as Transitive and Intransitive Verb. They are also called Labile Verb in English.

Examples:

Intransitive Verbs	Transitive Verbs
The door opens.	I opened the door.
The bell rang.	She rang the bell.
The light is fused.	They fused the lights.
The whistle blew.	Tom blew the whistle.

 Phrasal Verb

An idiomatic phrase consisting of a Verb and another element, most likely an Adverb or a Preposition is called a Phrasal Verb.

Examples:

• She broke down in tears.
• Don’t look down upon the poor.
• I’ll see to it. 

Lexical Verb

Lexical Verb is the main or principal verb of a sentence which typically takes the major responsibility of a Verb that represents the action of the Noun or Pronoun.

Examples:

• He ran to his father.
• I laughed out loud.
• Rina tried her best. 

DE-Lexical Verb

Delexical Verbs lack importance when it comes to meaning since these Verbs hardly have meanings of their own when used individually. The meaning is taken out of the Verbs and put into the Noun. Take, have, make, give etc. are Delexical Verbs.

Examples:

• He took a shower.
• I had a cold drink.
• She made some arrangements. 

Stative Verb

The Verbs that describe the state of being are called Stative or Being Verbs.

Examples:

• I need some boxes.
• You belong to the pomp and power.
• He smells danger.
• They remember what happened that day. 

Dynamic Verb

The Verbs that entail continuous or progressive action of the Subject are called Dynamic or Fientive Verbs. They express the Subject’s state of being on the move.

Examples:

• He’s running fast.
• Keep hitting the ball hard.
• The dog goes for a walk every afternoon.

Non-continuous Verb

The Verbs that are usually never used in their continuous forms are called Non-continuous Verbs.

Examples:

I like to swim.	I’m liking to swim.
I love to do the chords.	I’m loving to do the chords.
He does not hate you.	He’s hating you.
She just feels a bit dizzy, no need to worry.	She’s just feeling a bit dizzy.

 Intensive Verb

The Verbs that focus intensely on just the Subject are called Intensive Verbs. Intensive Verbs are also called Linking or Copular Verbs.

Examples:

• You seem happy.
• It appears to be just perfect.
• She looks stunning.
• He’s become rather irritable. 

Extensive Verb

All the Verbs that do not focus intensively on just the Subject (as the Intensive Verbs) of the sentence are Extensive Verbs.

Examples:

• He loves her.
• She runs too fast.
• Ron sells fish. 

Participle

A participle is a Verb form where they retain some of the characteristics and functions of both Verbs and adopt those of the Adjectives.

Examples:

Present Participle (Verb + -ing)

• Have I become a laughing stock?
• Cycling is a well-rounded exercise.

Past Participle

• I have taken a hint.
• Have you given it enough thought?

Perfect Participle (Having + Past Participle)

• Having said that, I was quite worried.
• Having stepped out of my comfort zone, I saw a whole new world.

Gerund

The Verbs having -ing endings that function like Nouns in sentences are called Gerunds.

Examples:

• Smoking is injurious to health.
• Walking is good for health.
• I love swimming.

Infinitive

The ‘to + Verb’ forms where the Verbs are at their base or stem forms while they function as Nouns, Adjectives or Adverbs instead of Verbs.

Examples:

• I wanted to help you out.
• Are you trying to go there?
• I just love to flaunt my new Ferarri.

ХОД УРОКА

1. T: You know that phrasal verbs are very common and are a really
good way to make yourself sound more natural when speaking in informal speech. We have
already learnt some of them.  
Today we will be busy with new phrasal verbs with make. The phrasal verb make
may be few in number but it is important in usage as it is one of the most popular English
phrasal verbs: make out, make of, make off, make over, make for, make up.

2. T: Revision of the verb make up. Do you remember the verb make up?
It has at least three different meanings. What are they? 
First, it can mean to invent, for example, a story. The story is not true – it did not
really happen – it came from my imagination. I made it up.
Second, make-up (a noun formed from the phrasal verb) is the stuff women
put on their faces – you know, eye-liner, eye-shadow, lip stick and so on. And if a
woman makes herself up, it means that she puts her make-up
on.

Third, suppose two friends have an argument. They are angry with each other. But later,
they decide to forget their argument and to become friends again. We say that they have
made up.

3. T: Introduction of new phrasal verbs. You will listen to some
sentences where the phrasal verbs with make are used. You can also read
them. Try to guess what they mean.

Make for

“After leaving school Bill made for the library.”

Make over

“I make over all my old clothes.”

Make of (something)

“What do you make of this book by M.Mitchell?” – “I couldn’t
understand a word of it.”

Make off

“When I came in, the dog was eating my meat. It only took one look at me and made
off.

Make out

“I don’t want to go to school today because I’m not ready for the test. I’ll make
out I’m ill.”

Make out

“I can’t make out what Janet has written.”

4.  P1P2P3: Do you remember all the phrasal verbs with make?
Match the verbs from column A with their definitions from column B

1. make for 2. make off 3. make out 4. make  of 5. make  up 6. make over 7. make out

A. hurry away, especially in order to escape B. move towards sth C. understand the meaning or character of sb/sth D. invent a story , etc., especially in order to trick or entertain E. change sth in order to make it look different F. say that sth is true when it may not be G. manage to see sb/sth or read or hear sth

Keys: 1 – c, 2 – a, 3 – g, 4 – f, 5 – d, 6 – e, 7 – b.

5. Pairs:

Synonyms. Use the verb make and particles to make up phrasal verbs,
which replace the words underlined in the sentences.

1. He said something angrily and went away. We’ve never seen him again.
2. – Where did you hear this story? – Nowhere, I invented it myself.
3. What do you think about the new policy the president signed?
4. After three years without talking to each other, they finally became friends again.
5. The actors must apply rouge, powder, etc. on their faces before going on stage.
6. I can hardly see the number on the door.
7. Her clothes were remade by herself perfectly well.
8. Let’s go to the city center and find a restaurant on the way.

Keys: 1 – make off, 2 – make up, 3 – make of, 4 – make up, 5
– make up, 6 – make for, 7 – make over, 8 – out.

6. Groups (Pairs):

Fill in the gaps with the correct particles.

1. They are always arguing, but they make *** again very quickly.
2. I couldn’t make *** what he was saying.
3. He rose from his seat and made *** the door.
4. Can you make *** a face here on the photograph?
5. She went to the bathroom to make her face ***.
6. Masked robbers broke in and made *** with $8,000.
7. At first I thought it was an accident, but as far as I can make ***, the police
consider that’s unlikely.
8. I think they’re making the whole thing ***.
9. I think it’s time we made *** home.

Keys: 1 – up, 2 – out, 3 – for, 4 – out, 5 – up, 6 – off,
7 – of, 8 – up, 9 – for

7. Groups:
Do the test. For each space in each sentence, use the verb Make (in the correct tense)
with one of the prepositions from the box. Sometimes you need to put the object/pronoun
between the main verb and the preposition – in these cases, the object/pronoun can be
found in the brackets. Use the Verbs Make in the Correct Tense with Particles from the Box

http://www.esl-lounge.com/student/phrasal-verbs/4pv22-make.php

8. Groups:

Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Я не знаю, что о нём думать.
2. Давайте помиримся!
3. Она встала и направилась к выходу, когда
услышала стук.  
4. Анна всегда делает вид, что ее родители богатые,
но это не правда.
5. Я думаю, что она сочинила историю для того,
чтобы помогли ей.
6. Клоуны всегда наносят макияж перед цирковым
шоу.
7. Я слышал голоса, но не понимал, о чем они
говорят.
8. Поп-звезда ускользнул с концерта до того, как
фанаты могли найти его.
9. Она умеет перешивать свою одежду.

Keys:

1. I don’t know what I must make of him.
2. Let’s make up.
3. She rose and made for the exit when she heard the knock.
4. Ann always makes out that her parents are rich, but it isn’t true.
5. I think she made up her story so that we would help her.
6. Clowns always make up before a circus show.
7. I could hear voices but I couldn’t make out what they are saying.
8. The pop star made off from the concert before the fans could find him.
9.  She can remake over her clothes.

9. Pairs
Groups:

Try to make up short dialogues including phrasal verbs with make on the pictures and
then present them in pairs. I’ll give you 3-5 minutes to do it.

10. Homework.

1. Do the test. Choose the correct particles. Use a dictionary if necessary.
(Reflection)

 http://www.usingenglish.com/handouts/197.html

2. Prepare stories or short situations with phrasal verbs make and get
ready to tell them in the class.

Т: The lesson is over. I hope you’ll be able to be good at phrasal
verbs and use them to be a fluent English speaker. Good luck!

Links&Resources

1. [Pocket Phrasal Verbs Dictionary. Longman 2001].
2. [Collins Cobuild Phrasal Verbs Dictionary. The University of Birmingham, 2007].
3. [Шитова Л.Ф., Брускина Т.Л. Англо-русский словарь
   идиом и фразовых глаголов. / Антология /
   Санкт-Петербург, 2004].
4. www.esl-lounge.com/student/phrasal-verbs/4pv22-make.php
5. www.listen-to-english.com/index.php?date=2006-01
6.  www.usingenglish.com/handouts/197.html
7. www.vocabulary.cl/advanced/phrasal-verbs/make.html