Is the word gave an adjective

What is an adjective?

Blue is an adjective.
Cold is an adjective.
Happy is an adjective.

An adjective is a describing word. An adjective gives more information about something.
An adjective generally describes a noun. A noun is a person, a thing, or a place.

The monster

Monster is the name of a thing. Monster is a noun.

There is no description of the monster. Describe the monster in the video.

How is the monster? Green.
Green is a colour.
Green is a description of the monster.
Green is an adjective.

What is the position of the adjective?

Where do we put the adjective?
Do we say… The green monster OR The monster green?

The correct order is….

• The green monster.

The order is: Adjective + noun

Green is an adjective, Monster is a noun.
Green is a description of the monster. Green is an adjective.

We do not say the monster green. No, the adjective is before the noun… The green monster.

We can also use the verb To Be + Adjective. For example…

• The monster is green.

IS is a form of the verb To Be. The monster IS.
After IS we put the adjective… IS GREEN.

• The monster is green.

What is another description of the monster?

Is the monster happy? No, the monster is SAD.
Sad is an adjective.

We can say:

• The sad monster. (adjective + noun) OR
• The monster is sad. (To Be + Adjective)

Sad is an adjective.

The girl

Another example: Describe the girl in the video.

Is the girl sad? No, she is happy.
We can say…

• The happy girl.

Happy is an adjective … girl is a noun.
We can also say…

• The girl is happy.

To Be + the adjective HAPPY.

Adjectives in English have one form.

For example the adjective red.

• One red car.

Red is an adjective. It gives us more information about the car. We describe the car. The car is red.
When there is more than one car, for example two cars, the adjective RED does not change.
We say:

• Two red cars.

Red is used with one car and Red is used for two cars.
We do not say two reds cars. No. (There is no S at the end of red)

Practice Exercise

Which word is an adjective in each of these?

• The yellow bus.
• The boy is dirty.
• She is nervous.
• The relaxed woman.
• The smelly shoe.
• The man is cold.
• The fast horse.
• The doors are closed.

The answers appear in our video.

What is an adjective? – Summary Chart

Lesson tags: Adjectives, Grammar, Nouns, Parts of Speech, To Be, Word Order

Back to: English Course > Descriptions in English

ability
способность,
inability
неспособность;
disability
нетрудоспособность able
способный, умелый
unable
неспособный
disabled
искалеченный; инвалид enable
дать возможность
disable
делать неспособным, калечить ably
умело, искусно absurdity
абсурдность absurd
абсурдный acceptability
приемлемость acceptable
приемлемый
unacceptable
неприемлемый accept
принимать, соглашаться access
доступ
accessibility
доступность accessible
доступный accessibly
доступно accident
случай, случайность accidental
случайный accidentally
нечаянно, случайно action
действие
actor
актер
actress
актриса
activity
активность
activities
деятельность
acting
представление active
активный
acting
действующий, работающей act
действовать actively
активно achievement
достижение achieve
достигать addiction
привычка, приверженность, увлеченность
addict
увлеченный человек, имеющий стойкую привычку addictive
способный вызывать привычку addict
увлекаться, предаваться admiration
восхищение admirable
восхитительный admire
восхищаться admirably
восхитительно advice
совет advisable
рекомендуемый advise
советовать affectation
притворство, искусственность
affection
привязанность, любовь affected
притворный
affectionate
любящий
affective
эмоциональный affect
воздействовать, влиять; притворяться agreement
соглашение, согласие
disagreement
разногласие, несогласие agreeable
соответствующий, приятный agree
соглашаться
disagree
не соглашаться agreeably
соответственно aggression
агрессия
aggressor
агрессору зачинщик aggressive
агрессивный aggress
нападать aggressively
агрессивно aim
цель aimless
бесцельный aim
целиться, намереваться aimlessly
бесцельно affordable
то, что может быть позволено
unaffordable
то, что невозможно себе позволить afford
позволять себе amusement
развлечение amused
приятно изумленный
amusing
забавный amuse
развлекать, забавлять amusedly
изумленно appearance
внешность; появление
disappearance
исчезновение appear
появляться
disappear
исчезать appointment
назначение; деловая встреча
disappointment
разочарование, досада appointed
назначенный
disappointed
огорченный
disappointing
разочаровывающий appoint
назначать
disappoint
разочаровывать approval
одобрение approved
одобренный
approving
одобрительный approve
одобрять approvingly
одобрительно arrangement
соглашение; расположение arranged
приведенный в порядок arrange
приводить в порядок, организовывать argument
аргумент, довод
argumentation
аргументация arguable
доказуемый (в споре)
argumentative
спорный, конфликтный argue
утверждать, спорить, ссориться argumentatively
доказательно appropriation
присвоение; ассигнование appropriate
подходящий, соответствующий
inappropriate
несоответствущий, неуместный appropriate
присваивать, предназначать appropriately
соответственно, подходяще arrival
прибытие arrive
прибывать, приезжать attraction
притяжение, привлекательность attracted
привлеченный
attractive
привлекательный attract
привлекать attractively
привлекательно avoidance
избежание, отмена avoidable
то, чего можно избежать
unavoidable
неизбежный avoid
избегать unavoidably
неизбежно beauty
красота; красавица beautiful
красивый beautify
украшать beautifully
красиво bearing
роды bearable
сносный, допустимый
unbearable
невыносимый bear
носить; терпеть unbearably
невыносимо belief
вера believable
вероятный, правдоподобный
unbelievable
невероятный believe
верить benefit
выгода beneficial
выгодный benefit
получать выгоду bore
зануда
boredom
скука bored
испытывающий скуку
boring
скучный, надоедливый bore
надоедать boringly
скучно breath
дыхание, дуновение
breathing
дыхание
breather
короткая передышка breathing
дышащий
breathless
бездыханный breathe
дышать breathlessly
затаив дыхание business
дело
businessman
деловой мужчина
businesswoman
деловая женщина busy
занятой
businesslike
деловой, практичный busy
занимать делом busily
деловито, по-деловому саrе
забота, уход careful
заботливый
careless
небрежный саrе
заботиться, любить carefully
заботливо
carelessly
небрежно celebration
празднование
celebrity
знаменитость celebrated
знаменитый, прославленный celebrate
праздновать, прославлять certainty
определенность
uncertainty
неопределенность, неуверенность certain
определенный
uncertain
неопределенный certainly
определенно, уверенно change
изменение; мелочь, сдача changeable
изменчивый
changed
изменившийся
changeless
неизменный
unchanged
не изменившийся change
менять; обменивать(ся) changelessly
неизменно character
характер characteristic
характерный, типичный characterise
характеризовать choice
выбор choosy
разборчивый choose
выбирать child
ребенок
children
дети childish
детский; ребяческий clearance
очистка; устранение препятствий clear
четкий, ясный clear
очищать, расчищать clearly
четко, ясно cloud
облако cloudy
облачный
cloudless
безоблачный collection
собрание; коллекция
collector
сборщик collective
коллективный, совокупный collect
собирать; коллекционировать colony
колония colonial
колониальный colonise / colonize
колонизировать colour
цвет colourful
цветной
colourless
бесцветный
multi-coloured
разноцветный colour
раскрашивать comfort
комфорт; утешение
discomfort
беспокойство; неудобство comfortable
удобный, комфортабельный
uncomfortable
неудобный comfort
утешать, успокаивать comfortably
удобно
uncomfortably
неудобно community
община, общество communal
общественный, коллективный communication
сообщение
communicator
коммуникатор, переговорщик communicative
использующийся в общении; коммуникативный communicate
сообщать; общаться comparison
сравнение compared
сравниваемый
comparative
сравнительный compare
сравнивать comparatively
сравнительно, относительно competition
соревнование; конкуренция
competitor
конкурент, соперник competitive
соревновательный compete
соревноваться, конкурировать competitively
в форме соревнования, конкуренции completion
завершение, окончание completed
законченный
complete
полный, завершенный
incomplete
неполный, назавершенный complete
заканчивать, завершать completely
полностью congratulation
поздравление congratulate
поздравлять connection
соединение, объединение connected
связанный, соединенный connect
соединять
disconnect
разъединять consideration
внимание; рассмотрение, обсуждение considerable
значительный
considerate
внимательный, деликатный, тактичный
inconsiderate
неосмотрительный; невнимательный к другим consider
считать, полагать; рассматривать considerably
значительно conscience
совесть conscientious
совестливый, добросовестный
conscientiousless
бессовестный conscientiously
добросовестно consciousness
сознание conscious
осознающий
unconscious
без сознания consciously
сознательно, осознанно consultation
консультация
consultant
консультант consulting
консультирующий consult
консультировать container
вместилище, контейнер containing
содержащий contain
содержать, вмещать continuity
непрерывность continuous
продолжающийся, длящийся continue
продолжать continuously
непрерывно control
управление, руководство controllable
поддающийся управлению
uncontrollable
неподдающийся управлению
controlled
управляемый
uncontrolled
неуправляемый control
управлять, регулировать uncontrollably
бесконтрольно conviction
убеждение convincing
убедительный
convinced
убежденный convince
убеждать convincingly
убедительно cook
повар
cooker
плита, духовка over-cooked
переваренный
under-cooked
недоваренный cook
готовить еду correction
исправление
corrector
корректор correct
правильный
incorrect
неправильный correct
исправлять correctly
правильно counter
прилавок
discount
скидка
accountant
бухгалтер countable
исчисляемый
uncountable
неисчисляемый count
считать uncountably
немеряно, без счета courage
храбрость courageous
храбрый
encouraged
воодушевленный
encouraging
подбадривающий
discouraged
обескураженный encourage
приободрять, поддерживать
discourage
отговаривать, обескураживать courageously
смело, храбро creation
создание
creativity
творчество
creator
творец, создатель
creature
творение; живое существо creative
творческий create
создавать, творить creatively
творчески credit
вера, доверие credible
вероятный, заслуживающий доверия
incredible
невероятный credibly
вероятно
incredibly
невероятно critic
критик
criticism
критика critical
критический; переломный; рискованный criticise
критиковать critically
критично, критически cultivation
культивация, обработка cultivated
культивированный, обработанный cultivate
обрабатывать culture
культура cultured
культурный, воспитанный
cultural
культурный (как часть культуры) culturally
культурно cure
лекарство; лечение curable
излечимый
incurable
неизлечимый cure
вылечивать, исцелять incurably
неизлечимо danger
опасность dangerous
опасный endanger
угрожать dangerously
опасно day
день daily
ежедневный daily
ежедневно deception
обман, заблуждение deceptive
обманчивый
deceitful
обманчивый, лживый deceive
обманывать deceitfully
обманчиво, предательски decision
решение decided
определенный, явный
undecided
нерешительный, неясный
decisive
решительный, убежденный, убедительный decide
решать, принимать решение decisively
решительно, определенно definition
определение definite
четкий, определенный
indefinite
неопределенный define
определять, давать определение definitely
определенно, ясно
indefinitely
нечетко, неопределенно delight
восторг, наслаждение delightful
восхитительный
delighted
польщенный delight
восхищаться delightfully
с восторгом delivery
доставка, поставка delivered
доставленный deliver
доставлять dependence
зависимость
independence
независимость dependent
зависимый
independent
независимый depend
зависеть independently
независимо depression
депрессия, подавленность depressive
депрессивный, вызывающий депрессию
depressed
подавленный depress
подавлять description
описание descriptive
описательный, наглядный describe
описывать design
проект, дизайн
designer
дизайнер, проектировщик design
проектировать desire
желание, стремление desirable
желательный, желаемый
undesirable
нежелательный desire
желать, стремиться desirably
желательно destruction
разрушение destroyed
разрушенный destroy
разрушать, уничтожать determination
решительность; определение determined
решительный determine
решать, определять development
развитие
developer
разработчик developed
развитой
developing
развивающийся
undeveloped
неразвитый develop
развивать(ся) dying
умирающий die
умирать difference
разница, различие
indifference
безразличие different
другой, отличающийся
indifferent
безразличный differ
отличаться differently
по-другому
indifferently
с безразличием disturbance
тревога, беспокойство; нарушение тишины, порядка disturbed
обеспокоенный
disturbing
беспокоящий disturb
беспокоить, мешать doubt
сомнение doubtful
сомнительный
doubtless
несомненный
undoubted
бесспорный doubt
сомневаться doubfully
с сомнением
doubtlessly
не сомневаясь
undoubtedly
без сомнения ease
легкость, свобода
disease
болезнь easy
легкий
uneasy
неловкий, тревожный ease
облегчать, ослаблять easily
легко
uneasily
неловко economy
хозяйство economic
экономический
economical
экономный economise
экономить economically
экономически; экономно educator
воспитатель, педагог
education
образование educated
образованный
uneducated
необразованный
educative
образовательный educate
воспитывать, давать образование effect
следствие, результат
effectiveness
эффективность effective
эффективный, действующий effect
производить, выполнять effectively
эффективно, действенно electricity
электричество
electrician
электрик electric
электрический electrify
электрифицировать empire
империя
empiror
император empire
имперский
empiric / empirical
исходящий из опыта, эмпирический employment
служба, работа
unemployment
безработица
employer
наниматель, работодатель
employee
работающий по найму employed
нанятый, занятый
unemployed
безработный employ
нанимать end
конец, окончание endless
бесконечный
unending
нескончаемый end
конец, окончание endlessly
бесконечно environment
окружающая среда environmental
природный entertainment
развлечение entertaining
развлекательный entertain
развлекать enthusiasm
энтузиазм, восторг
enthusiast
энтузиаст, восторженный человек enthusiastic
восторженный enthusiastically
с восторгом equipment
оборудование equipped
снаряженный, оборудованный equip
снаряжать essence
сущность essential
главный, основной essentially
главным образом examination / exam
экзамен; медосмотр examined
проэкзаменованный; осмотренный врачом examine
экзаменовать; осматривать excitement
возбуждение, волнение exciting
возбуждающий
excitable
возбудимый
excited
возбужденный, взволнованный excite
возбуждать, волновать excitedly
взволнованно, возбужденно expectation
ожидание, предчувствие expected
ожидаемый
unexpected
неожиданный expect
ожидать, предчувствовать expence(s)
расход(ы), затраты expensive
дорогой
inexpensive
недорогой expend
тратить, расходовать expensively
дорого experience
опыт, опытность
inexperience
неопытность
experiment
эксперимент experienced
опытный
inexperienced
неопытный
experimental
эспериментальный experience
испытывать explosion
взрыв
explosive
взрывчатое вещество explosive
взрывчатый explode
взрываться expression
выражение expressive
выразительный express
выражать expressively
выразительно extent
пространство, степень extended
длительный,обширный
extensive
обширный extend
простираться, тянуться extensively
обширно, протяженно extreme
крайняя степень, крайность extreme
крайний, чрезвычайный extremely
крайне fascination
очарование, обаяние fascinating
чарующий
fascinated
очарованный fascinate
очаровывать fairness
справедливость; порядочность fair
порядочный, справедливый
unfair
несправедливый fairly
справедливо, честно; довольно-таки finance
финансы financial
финансовый finance
финансировать financially
финансово firmness
твердость firm
твердый affirm
утверждать firmly
твердо fitness
физическая форма, физическое состояние fit
находящийся в хорошей форме; подходящий
unfit
неподходящий fit
подгонять, подстраивать following
следующий follow
следовать fool
глупыш, дурак foolish
глупый fool
обманывать foolishly
глупо forgettable
забываемый
unforgettable
незабываемый
forgetful
забывчивый
forgotten
забытый forget
забывать forgiveness
прощение forgiving
прощающий
forgivable
простительный
unforgivable
непростительный forgive
прощать forgivingly
с прощением fortune
судьба, счастье; богатство, состояние fortunate
счастливый
unfortunate
несчастный fortunately
к счастью
unfortunately
к сожалению freedom
свобода free
свободный; бесплатный freely
свободно frequency
частота frequent
частый frequent
часто посещать frequently
часто friend
друг
friendship
дружба
friendliness
дружелюбие friendly
дружеский, дружелюбный
unfriendly
недружеский in a friendly way / manner
дружелюбно fright
страх, испуг frightful
страшный
frightened
испуганный
frightening
пугающий frighten
пугать, устрашать frightfully
страшно; испуганно generosity
щедрость generous
щедрый generously
щедро gentleman
джентльмен gentle
мягкий, нежный gently
мягко, нежно ghost
привидение, призрак ghostly
похожий на привидение grass
трава grassy
травяной habit
привычка, обычай
habitant
обитатель
habitat
естественная среда
habitation
жилище, обиталище habitual
привычный habituate
приучать habitually
обычно hand
рука; рабочий
handful
горсть handy
удобный (для использования)
handmade
изготовленный вручную hand
вручать happiness
счастье
unhappiness
несчастье happy
счастливый
unhappy
несчастный happily
счастливо
unhappily
несчастливо harm
вред harmful
вредный
harmless
безвредный harm
повредить, навредить harmfully
вредно health
здоровье healthy
здоровый
unhealthy
нездоровый home
дом, жилище homeless
бездомный honour
честь honourable
почетный honour
почитать, чтить honourably
почетно hope
надежда
hopefulness
оптимизм, надежда hopeful
надеющийся
hopeless
безнадежный hope
надеяться hopefully
с надеждой humanity
человечество human
человеческий
humane
гуманный
inhuman
бесчеловечный
humanitarian
гуманитарный humour
юмор humorous
юмористический humorously
с юмором hurry
спешка hurrying
торопливый, спешащий
hurried
торопливый hurry
торопиться hurriedly
торопливо ice
лед icy
ледяной importance
важность important
важный
unimportant
незначительный importantly
важно impression
впечатление impressed
впечатленный
impressive
впечатляющий
unimpressed
безучастный impress
производить впечатление impressively
впечатляюще improvement
улучшение improved
улучшенный improve
улучшать impulse
толчок, побуждение impulsive
импульсивный impulsively
импульсивно incident
несчастный случай; конфликт, инцидент incidental
случайный incidentally
случайно increase
рост, увеличение increasing
растущий increase
увеличивать(ся) increasingly
с ростом industry
промышленность industrial
промышленный
industrious
трудолюбивый. усердный industrialise
индустриализовать industrially
в промышленном отношении information
сообщение, информация
informant
осведомитель
formality
формальность informed
осведомленный
well-informed
знающий, хорошо информированный
misinformed
неверно информированный
formal
формальный, официальный
informal
неофициальный inform
информировать
misinform
неверно сообщать; дезинформировать informationally
информационно intensity
интенсивность intensive
интенсивный intensify
интенсифицировать intensively
интенсивно interest
интерес interested
заинтересованный
interesting
интересный interest
интересовать inventor
изобретатель
invention
изобретение inventive
изобретательный invent
изобретать inventively
изобретательно invitation
приглашение invited
приглашенный invite
приглашать inspiration
вдохновение inspired
вдохновленный
inspiring
вдохновляющий inspire
вдохновлять knowledge
знание
acknowledgement
признание; расписка acknowledged
признанный acknowledge
признавать, подтверждать legality
законность, легальность legal
юридический, законный
illegal
незаконный, подпольный legalize
легализовать legally
законно
illegally
незаконно likeness
сходство, подобие likeable
приятный
unlike
непохожий
like
аналогичный like
относиться хорошо
dislike
относиться отрицательно likely
вероятно
unlikely
невероятно
unlike
в отличие life
жизнь
living
жизнь lively
оживленный, веселый
live
актуальный, реальный live
жить in a lively way
оживленно literature
литература literal
буквальный
literary
литературный
literate
грамотный
illiterate
неграмотный literally
буквально location
место, поселение local
местный locate
размещать locally
в определенном месте loneliness
одиночество lonely
одинокий; один luck
удача lucky
удачливый
unlucky
неудачливый, неудачный luckily
к счастью luxury
роскошь luxurious
шикарный majority
большинство major
главный, основной manager
управляющий, руководитель managerial
управленческий manage
управлять; справляться marriage
женитьба married
женатый / замужняя
unmarried
неженатый / незамужняя marry
жениться meeting
встреча; собрание meet
встречать, знакомиться memory
память
memorial
мемориал memorial
памятный memorise
заучивать наизусть misery
нищета miserable
нищенский, ничтожный month
месяц monthly
ежемесячный monthly
ежемесячно motion
движение motionless
неподвижный motion
показывать жестом mystery
тайна, загадка mysterious
таинственный, загадочный mysteriously
таинственно, загадочно necessity
необходимость necessary
необходимый
unnecessary
ненужный necessarily
необходимо nerve
нерв nervous
нервный ennerve
нервировать nervously
нервно number
число; количество numerous
многочисленный
numerate
умеющий считать
innumerate
неумеющий считать number
обозначать цифрами object
объект, предмет
objective
цель; возражение objective
объективный object
возражать objectively
объективно obstinate
упрямый obstinately
упрямо occurrence
случай, происшествие occur
происходить operation
операция; оперирование, приведение в действие operate
управлять, действовать opportunity
возможность
opportunist
оппортунист opportune
своевременный, подходящий opposition
оппозиция, противостояние
opponent
оппонент, противник opposite
напротив
opposed
противоположный oppose
противопосталять owner
владелец, хозяин own
собственный own
владеть pain
боль painful
болезненный
painless
безболезненный painfully
болезненно
painlessly
безболезненно patience
терпение
impatience
нетерпение
patient
пациент patient
терпеливый
impatient
нетерпеливый patiently
терпеливо
impatiently
нетерпеливо participant
участник
participation
участие participating
участвующий participate
принимать участие particulars
подробности particular
особенный particularly
особенно perfection
совершенство perfect
совершенный, идеальный
imperfect
несовершенный perfect
совершенствовать, улучшать perfectly
отлично, безупречно period
период, срок periodical
периодический periodically
периодически performance
представление; исполнение
performer
исполнитель perform
исполнять, выполнять, совершать peace
мир, спокойствие peaceful
мирный peacefully
мирно permission
разрешение
permissiveness
вседозволенность
permit
пропуск permissive
позволяющий permit
позволять permissively
с позволением pleasure
удовольствие pleasant
приятный
pleased
довольный
displeased
недовольный please
доставлять удовольствие pleasantly
приятно point
точка; пункт pointed
остроконечный, нацеленный
pointful
уместный, удачный
pointless
бесцельный point
указывать, направлять pointedly
остро, по существу politeness
вежливость polite
вежливый
impolite
невежливый politely
вежливо popularity
популярность popular
популярный
unpopular
непопулярный popularise
популяризировать possession
владение, собственность
possessor
обладатель, владелец possessive
собственнический possess
владеть, обладать possibility
вероятность, возможность possible
возможный
impossible
невозможный possibly
возможно power
сила, мощь powerful
мощный
powerless
бессильный empower
уполномочивать preference
предпочтение preferable
предпочтительный
preferential
пользующийся препочтением prefer
предпочитать preferably
предпочтительно preparation
подготовка prepared
подготовленный
unprepared
неподготовленный prepare
подготовить preparedly
с готовностью prestige
престиж prestigious
престижный prestigiously
престижно profession
профессия professional
профессиональный professionally
профессионально profit
выгода profitable
выгодный
unprofitable
не приносящий выгоды profit
получать выгоду profitably
выгодно progress
прогресс, продвижение progressive
прогрессивный progress
продвигаться вперед progressively
постепенно, продвигаясь вперед proposal
предложение proposed
предложенный propose
делать предложение prosperity
процветание prosperous
процветающий prosper
процветать prosperously
процветающе public
общественность public
общественный publicise
разглашать publicly
открыто, публично quickness
быстрота quick
быстрый quicken
убыстрять quickly
быстро reality
реальность
realization
реализация, осуществление real
реальный, настоящий
unreal
нереальный realize
реализовать, осуществлять really
действительно, в самом деле recognition
признание, узнавание recognised
признанный recognise
узнавать; признавать reduction
снижение, понижение reduced
уменьшенный; сниженный reduce
снижать; сбавлять relaxation
отдых, расслабление relaxed
расслабленный
relaxing
отдыхающий; расслабляющий relax
отдыхать, расслабляться relaxedly
расслабленно reliability
надежность reliable
надежный
unreliable
ненадежный rely
доверять, полагаться reliably
надежно religion
религия religious
религиозный reluctance
нежелание, неохота reluctant
неохотный reluctantly
неохотно regularity
регулярность
irregularity
нерегулярность regular
регулярный, правильный
irregular
неправильный; нестандартный regulate
регулировать regularly
регулярно remark
замечание remarkable
замечательный remark
замечать, отмечать remarkably
замечательно representation
представление
representative
представитель representative
представительный represent
представлять reproach
упрек irreproachable
безупречный reproach
упрекать reproachingly
с упреком reputation
репутация reputated
имеющий хорошую репутацию, почтенный
disreputable
имеющий плохую репутацию repute
давать репутацию
disrepute
компрометироватъ resistance
сопротивление resistible
ударопрочный;
irresistible
неотразимый
resistant
прочный resist
сопротивляться irresistibly
неотразимо respect
уважение respectful
уважительный respect
уважать respectfully
с уважением rest
отдых restless
беспокойный rest
отдыхать restlessly
беспокойно reward
награда rewarding
стоящий награды
unrewarded
невознагражденный reward
награждать riches
богатства
richness
богатство rich
богатый enrich
обогащать richly
богато risk
риск risky
рискованный risk
рисковать sadness
грусть sad
грустный sadden
огорчать sadly
грустно safe
сейф
safety
безопасность safe
безопасный
unsafe
опасный save
спасать; экономить safely
безопасно satisfaction
удовлетворение
dissatisfaction
неудовлетворенность; недовольство satisfied
довольный
dissatisfied
недовольный
satisfactory
удовлетворительный
unsatisfactory
неудовлетворительный satisfy
удовлетворять
dissatisfy
разочаровывать; огорчать research
исследование search
искать, осуществлять поиск security
безопасность secure
безопасный
insecure
находящийся в опасности secure
охранять, гарантировать securely
безопасно seriousness
серьезность serious
серьезный seriously
серьезно science
наука
scientist
ученый scientific
научный scientifically
научно sense
чувство
insensibility
отсутствие чувствительности sensitive
чувствительный
insensitive
несочувствующий
sensible
разумный
insensible
нечувствительный, неосознающий sense
ощущать sensitively
чувствительно
sensibly
разумно service
услуга, обслуживание
servant
слуга served
обслуженный; поданный на стол serve
служить, обслуживать, подавать на стол significant
значительный
insignificant
незначительный signify
иметь значение significantly
значительно similarity
сходство, похожесть similar
похожий, подобный similarly
похоже, подобно sincerity
искренность sincere
искренний
insincere
неискренний sincerely
искренне shorts
шорты short
короткий shorten
укорачивать shortly
кратко sleep
сон
sleeper
спящий; спальный вагон sleeping
спящий
sleepless
бессонный sleep
спать sleeplessly
без сна solution
решение; раствор solved
решенный; растворенный solve
решать; находить выход; растворять speciality
специальность; фирменное блюдо
specialty
особенность special
особенный; специальный
specific
специфический specify
точно определять
specialize
специализировать(ся) specially
специально
specifically
специфично strength
сила strong
сильный strengthen
укреплять strongly
сильно stress
стресс stressful
стрессовый stress
ударять, ставить ударение stressfully
в состоянии стресса success
успех successful
успешный
unsuccessful
безуспешный succeed
преуспевать successfully
успешно sufñcience
достаточность
insufñcience
недостаточность sufficient
достаточный
insufficient
недостаточный suffice
быть достаточным sufficiently
достаточно suitable
подходящий
unsuitable
неподходящий suit
подходить, устраивать suggestion
предложение suggest
предлагать suspect
подозреваемый suspicious
подозрительный suspect
подозревать suspiciously
подозрительно swimmer
пловец
swimming
плавание swimming
плавающий, плавательный swim
плавать sympathy
сочувствие, понимание sympathetic
сочувствующий sympathize
сочувствовать sympathetically
с пониманием; сочувственно sureness
уверенность sure
уверенный
unsure
неуверенный
assured
обеспеченный; уверенный
self-assured
уверенный в себе ensure
обеспечивать; гарантировать
assure
уверять, обеспечивать surely
конечно; уверенно
assuredly
с уверенностью surrounding
окружение surrounded
окруженный surround
окружать talk
беседа, разговор talkative
разговорчивый talk
беседовать taste
вкус
distaste
отсуствие вкуса tasteful
сделанный со вкусом; обладающий вкусом
tasteless
безвкусный taste
пробовать tastefully
со вкусом
tastelessly
без вкуса terror
террор
terrorist
террорист terrible
ужасный
terrific
потрясающий
terrifying
ужасающий
terrified
напуганный terrify
ужасать terribly
ужасно
terrifically
потрясающе thirst
жажда thirsty
испытывать жажду tights
колготки tight
плотный, тесный tighten
сжимать, натягивать tightly
тесно, плотно thought
мысль thoughtful
задумчивый
thoughtless
бездумный think
думать, иметь мнение thoughtfully
задумчиво tragedy
трагедия tragic
трагичный
tragical
трагический tragically
трагично travelling
путешествие
traveller
путешественник travelling
путешествующий travel
путешествовать truth
правда
untruth
неправда true
правильный; настоящий
untrue
неверный, не соответствующий действительности
truthful
правдивый truly
по-настоящему, искренне
truthfully
правдиво value
ценность valued
ценимый
valuable
ценный value
ценить, оценивать variety
разнообразие
variability
изменчивость, непостоянство variable
изменяемый
invariable
неизменный vary
менять, разнообразить invariably
неизменно year
год yearly
ежегодный yearly
ежегодно understanding
понимание
misunderstanding
непонимание; недоразумение understandable
понятный understand
понимать use
польза
misuse
неправильное использование;
usage
использование useful
полезный
useless
бесполезный
used
использованный
unused
неиспользованный use
использовать, пользоваться usefully
полезно
uselessly
бесполезно week
неделя weekly
еженедельный weekly
еженедельно width
ширина wide
широкий widen
расширять widely
широко will
воля, желание; завещание willing
жаждущий, желающий
unwilling
не желающий will
проявлять волю, желать willingly
охотно, с удовольствием
unwillingly
неохотно wind
ветер windy
ветренный
windless
безветренный wisdom
мудрость wise
мудрый
unwise
неблагоразумный wisely
мудро
unwisely
неблагоразумно worth
стоимость, ценность worthy
достойный
worthless
не имеющий ценности

The Adjective is one of the parts of speech that describes some extra information about the noun or a pronoun in a sentence.

The adjective may be present single or multiple in a sentence that presents before a noun or a pronoun. Some articles like (a, an, the) are also called adjectives.

Many adjectives come before nouns or come along with linking verbs like feel, seen, appear, etc. Some adjectives never come before the noun, while some are placed just after the noun.

An adjective also improvises a noun or a pronoun. Some sentences contain more than one adjective. They must be assigned with commas.

Types of adjectives:

There are eight types of an adjective, depending on the place of an adjective in a sentence, meaning, and other illustrations,

1. Descriptive Adjective
2. Demonstrative Adjective
3. Distributive adjective
4. Interrogative Adjective
5. Numeral Adjective
6. Quantitative Adjective
7. Proper Adjective
8. Possessive Adjective

Descriptive Adjective:

A descriptive adjective is used to illustrate or to give some description of the qualities of a noun or pronoun of a sentence.

The list of adjectives contains more descriptive adjectives, which are also known as qualitative adjectives.

Examples:

1. Harley Davidson bikes are stylish, fast, and expensive.
   • Here, the words stylish, fast, and expensive provide extra details of the bike, called descriptive adjectives.
2. Daniel bought a beautiful flower bouquet to present her gorgeous girlfriend.
3. She is very hungry.
4. Oxford University has an attractive auditorium.
5. He came into the party with an ugly hairstyle.

Demonstrative Adjective:

The demonstrative adjective is used to demonstrate certain things, people, or animals.

This adjective is also telling the position of the noun and comes before other adjectives in the phrase of a sentence to which it is going to modify.

This, these, that, and those are demonstrative adjectives.

Where this and these are used to assign singular and plural nouns that are close to us.

And that and those are used to assign singular and plural nouns that are far from us.

Examples,

1. Those pictures were just awesome when we looked at the exhibition.
   • Here, the word “those” demonstrates the pictures and tells us that they are far away from their reach.
2. Watching these kinds of movies is nothing but wasting time.
3. These all are my office colleagues.
4. Collect all the fruits and put them on that table.
5. These cookies are nicer baked than yesterday’s cookies.

Distributive Adjective:

Distributive Adjectives are generally used to point to a particular group or individual and are used with singular nouns. It is used to modify nouns.

It contains E-type adjectives that are accompanied by nouns or pronouns in a sentence.

• Each, every, neither, and either are four distributive Adjectives.

Examples,

1. Each student has to take part in cultural events.
   • Here, the word “each” is used to distribute them into single ones.
2. There were two washing machines, but neither worked properly.
3. I will be happy with either decision. 
4. Every bogie of a train is filled with coal.
5. The monkey divides the piece of bread and gives them to each cat. 

Interrogative Adjective:

Interrogative adjectives are adjectives that tend to ask questions or to interrogate nouns or pronouns and to modify them as well in a sentence.

There are three interrogative adjectives, “what, which, and whose,” respectively.

These adjectives no longer function like adjectives if the noun or a pronoun does not present just after these words in a sentence.

Other wh- type or question words can not be considered adjectives because they don’t modify the nouns or pronouns, respectively.

Examples,

1. Which bracelets do you like the most?
   • Here, “which” becomes an interrogative adjective because it asks to specify the noun “bracelet”.
2. What location type are you looking to go to?
   • In this question statement, the noun “location” comes after the word “what,” which makes this word an adjective.
3. What is the exact location?
   • But in this question statement, the noun is absent after the word “what,” which does not make this word an adjective.
4. Whose ambition is to become an astronaut?

Numeral Adjective:

A numeral adjective determines the number of nouns present in any sentence.

Numeral Adjectives are of three types:

1. Definite Numeral Adjectives(cardinal and ordinal):
   • Definite numeral adjectives contain two types, Cardinal numeral adjectives, and ordinal numeral adjectives.
2. A cardinal numeral adjective is used to count anything in numbers. (one, two, three, four, etc.)
3. The ordinal numeral adjective is used to mention the order or position of anything. (first, second, third, etc.)

1. Indefinite Numeral Adjectives:
   • Indefinite numeral adjectives are words that witness the presence or absence of anything like some, few, more, many, all, no, etc. 
2. Distributive Numeral Adjectives:
   • The distributive numeral adjectives are such adjectives that are used to distribute like each, neither, either, every, etc. 

Examples,

1. Mark purchased five Bugatti cars from the showroom. (Cardinal)
   • Here, five tells us about the number of cars present.
2. The second part of this movie is mind-blowing. (Ordinal)
3. Some people can never understand french. (Quantitative)
4. All the money you have can never buy happiness. (Indefinite)
5. Every living thing needs energy. (distributive)

Quantitative Adjective:

The quantitative adjective is used to explain the noun ( person or thing )and its quantity in a sentence. Sometimes a numeral adjective is also called a quantitative adjective though it specifies the numbers.

The quantitative type of adjective belongs to the question statement category like “how much or how many,” respectively.

• Little, more, much, few, all, large, small, tall, thirty, fifty, etc. are quantitative adjectives.

Examples,

1. I want many chocolates to eat. (how much)
   • Here, “many” indicates the number of chocolates.
2. Among all, some of them are Spanish, a few are Turkish, and the rest are Afrikans. (how many)
3. He played the guitar for the very first time. (how many)
4. There are 206 bones in a human skeleton. (how many)
5. Two boys are seriously injured in an accident. (how many)

Proper Adjective:

A proper adjective is an adjective that gives extra information related to a proper noun of a person, thing, animal, or object.

Though it refers to a particular person of existence and hence needs to be capitalized.

Examples, 

1. Australian kangaroos are very healthy.
   • Here, the word “Australian” represents Australia, which is a proper noun.
2. People called them Astronomers who study Astronomy.
3. African people are very hard workers.
4. I tasted different types of food, but Indian food has the best taste.
5. The highest currency in the world is the Kuwaiti Dinar.

Possessive Adjective:

A possessive adjective is an adjective that shows the possessive nature of the noun of a person or place in any sentence.

Possessive adjectives also function like possessive pronouns.

• First-person: My, ours.
• Second-person: Yours.
• Third-person: His, hers, its, their, whose.

Examples, 

1. My computer is working in better condition.
   • Here, “my” belongs to me shows some possession quality.
2. Their black Mercedes Benz car looks more attractive than this one.
3. Whose father is an Ex-Army man?
4. Is this band yours?
5. Both sisters have their own cupboards for clothes.

Degrees of Adjectives:

In the English language, An adjective has three degrees to give some extra and detailed information about some nouns or pronouns like person, place, things, objects, or even ideas, respectively.

These degrees are only applicable to descriptive adjectives as it has a tendency to illustrate the qualities of nouns or pronouns.

The three degrees of Adjectives are,

1. Positive degree.
2. Comparative degree and 
3. Superlative degree.

For example,

• Hard, harder, hardest.
• Much, more, most.
• Good, better, best.
• Large, larger, largest.
• Beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful.
• Bad, worse, worst.
• Tall, taller, tallest.
• Thin, thinner, thinnest, etc.

Positive degree:

A positive degree shows a correlation between the adjectives and the adverbs in a normal adjective form.

There is no comparison shown between adjectives and adverbs that are called a positive degree.

Examples,

1. She looks pretty in this dress.
2. He bought a phone which is thin in size.
3. She ordered a large bucket of KFC for the treat.
4. The climate is hot today.
5. This metal sheet is hard enough to withstand the load we expected.

Comparative degree:

A comparative degree is a degree of adjective that applies to compare two things, either they are of the same origin or different.

It also compares one noun with another noun in a sentence. 

Comparative degrees have a suffix -er.

Examples,

1. Their goals are faster than our team’s.
2. She is more beautiful than her elder sister.
3. Today she looks happier than on other days.
4. Your handwriting is better than mine.
5. This swimming pool is deeper than that one.

Superlative degree: 

The superlative degree is an adjective that compares the quality or quantity of any person, place, thing, or object among three or more to show either the least quality or highest degree.

The superlative degree has a suffix -est.

Examples,

1. Seedan is one of the bravest men in his battalion.
2. Usain Bolt made a world record for the fastest athlete in the Olympics.
3. She is the most beautiful girl on our campus.

• visible (visible) — invisible (invisible)
• correct (correct, correct, exact) — incorrect (incorrect, incorrect, inaccurate)
• dead (dead) — undead (raised from the dead)
• reasonable (reasonable, reasonable, reasonable) — unreasonable (unreasonable, unreasonable, unreasonable)
• legal (lawful, legal, legal) — illegal (illegal, illegal, illegal)
• local (local, local) — illocal (non-local, non-local)
• practical — impractical (impractical, unrealistic, practically impractical, unusable

Source: https://online-teacher.ru/blog/obrazovanie-prilagatelnyx-english

English Adjectives — Sentence Order and Comparison

An adjective in English is a part of speech that answers the questions: «what?», «What?», «What?», «What?» and denoting a sign of an object. An adjective describes an object or object in terms of color, shape, quality, size, character, origin, and properties.

The main difference between adjectives in the English language is that they do not change forms and endings in different cases, numbers, do not differ when describing nouns of different kinds. Coordination with other words occurs without changing the word form.

Qualitive and relative adjectives

There are two types of adjectives in English:

Qualitative — describe the color, shape, size, taste of the object: beautiful, weak, green, powerful, square, happy;

Relative — describe the origin of the object, what it is made of: wooden, stone, clay, cherry, grape, glass (wooden, stone, clay, cherry, grape, glass). Such adjectives do not have degrees of comparison.

Degrees of comparison of adjectives

Adjectives have three degrees of comparison: positive (initial), comparative, and excellent. The comparative and superlative degrees of quality English adjectives are formed according to special rules, among which there are exceptions that must be remembered.

Comparative degree

The comparative degree of short adjectives consisting of two or fewer syllables is formed by adding the suffix «-er» to the end of the word:

If a short English adjective ends in a closed syllable (from the end — a consonant, vowel, consonant), the last letter is doubled, and only then the suffix «-er» is added:

If a short adjective ends in a consonant + «y», the last letter «y» is changed to «i» and «-er» is added:

If the short word ends in «-e», add «-r»:

The comparative degree of long adjectives consisting of 3 or more syllables is formed using the word «more»:

Superlative degree

To form the superlative of a short adjective, it is necessary to put the definite article and add the suffix «-est»:

The superlong adjective is formed by adding «the most»:

Comparative and superlative exceptions

These English adjectives form a comparative and superlative degree not according to the rules, completely or partially changing the basis of the word.

• good — better — the best (good — better — best);
• bad — worse — the worst (bad — worse — the worst);
• little — less — the least;
• much (with uncountable) / many (with countable) — more — the most (many — more — most);
• far — farther / further — the farthest / the furthest
• old — older / elder — the oldest / the eldest.

“Father” and “further” differ in that the first word implies distances (go farther — go further), the second — has a figurative meaning (watch the film further — see the film further).

«Older» and «elder» differ in meaning: the first word describes age in the literal sense (the piece of furniture is older), the second is used for age relations in the family (my elder brother is my older brother).

There are words, the comparative and superlative degrees of which can be formed in both ways:

clever (smart) — cleverer (smarter) — the cleverest (the smartest)

clever — cleverer — the most clever

polite (polite) — politer — the politest

polite — politer — the most polite

friendly — friendlier — the friendliest

friendly — more friendly — the most friendly

They also include:

common, cruel, gentle, narrow, pleasant, shallow, simple, stupid, quiet.

Comparative expressions using adjectives in sentences

• twice as as — twice as;
• three times as as — three times than;
• half as as — half of something (twice)
• the same as — the same as;
• less than — less than;
• the least / most of all — least / most of all;
• the, the — what, so;
• than — what.

Your bag is twice as heavy as mine. “Your bag is twice the size of mine.

Mary’s copybook costs half as little as ours. — Mary’s notebook costs half ours.

Your dream is the same as important as theirs. “Your dream is as important as theirs.

This flower is less beautiful than that one growing in the garden. “This flower is less beautiful than the one that grows in the garden.

The more careful you are, the easier it is. “The more careful you are, the easier it will be to deal with it.

This exercise is the least difficult of all. — This exercise is the least difficult of all.

Source: https://englishbro.ru/grammar/adjectives-common-rules

Formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives in English

Comparison of adjectives in English is one of the simplest grammatical topics. The reason is that the existing degrees of comparison and methods of their formation largely coincide with those in the Russian language. As in Russian, there are two degrees of comparison in English: comparative и excellent… According to another classification, there is also a positive one — this is the usual form of adjectives.

Comparative forms in English

How the degrees of comparison are formed

There are two ways to form the degrees of comparison: analytical (adding words) and synthetic (adding suffixes). The choice of the desired method of formation depends on the adjectives themselves:

• for monosyllabic (simple) — we use the synthetic method of education
• for the polysyllabic — the analytical method.

Let’s consider all this in detail, giving examples.

Monosyllabic adjectives and the synthetic method for comparing them

Almost all simple adjectives in English form comparative degrees using suffixes:

table of adjectives

There are several cases where adding suffixes requires minor changes to the word itself:

1. If in a monosyllabic adjective there is a short vowel before the final consonant, then we double it:
   • Big — bigger — the biggest
2. The final dumb -e goes off before -er, -est:
   • Nice — nicer — the nicest
3. The final –y is replaced with –i, provided that there is a consonant before –y:

If there is a vowel before -y in a word, there will be no substitutions:

• Gray — greyer — the greyest

Let’s sum up.
In the following picture, you will see an extremely simple diagram of the formation of the degrees of comparison of simple adjectives in English.

the degree of comparison of simple adjectives in English

There are no rules that have no exceptions

There is a small list of exceptions to the general rule: these words completely change their roots:

exclusion list

There is another type of exception, which is a small list of words that have two possible options for the formation of degrees, each of which has its own semantic characteristics. You need to know them in order to use them correctly in the context:

Adjectives with two possible options for the formation of degrees

As for two-syllable adjectives, some of them form their comparative forms as monosyllabic — by adding —er and —is… These include those who

1. Ends in:

   narrow — narrower — the narrowest

Source: https://englishfull.ru/grammatika/sravnenie-prilagatelnih.html

10 ways to tell an adjective from an adverb in English

An adjective is easy to recognize in a sentence by how it affects the noun, changing its properties. For example:

«He bought a shirt.» The word shirt is a noun, but it is not clear what kind of shirt it is. All we know is that someone bought a shirt.

«He bought a beautiful shirt.» In this example, the adjective beautiful appears, which changes the noun shirt, which makes it clear which shirt the person bought.

It is not difficult to recognize an adjective in a sentence — it, as a rule, answers the questions “Which one?”, “Which one?”, “Which one?”.

For example:

“The kind woman gave us a tasty cake.” What woman? Kind (kind). What kind of cake? Tasty

«The small boy is playing with a new toy.» The adjectives small (small) and new (new) tell us which boy and what kind of toy we are talking about.

So, the main thing to remember is the questions that the adjective answers in English:

• What is it?
• Which the?
• Which one?

Adverb

If adjectives affect nouns, changing their properties, then the adverb affects verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. You can easily find an adverb in a sentence with the -ly suffix, because most adverbs in English are formed just by adding it to an adjective. It is important to remember that the adverb answers the question «how?» or «how much?» Let’s look at some examples:

«The pair danced gracefully.» (The couple danced gracefully.) The adverb gracefully influences the verb to dance, making it clear exactly how the couple danced.

«That man is very strong.» (That man is very strong.) In this sentence, the adverb very affects the adjective strong and shows how and how strong the man is. Let’s check by asking the question “how much?”: “How strong is he? He is very strong. » (How strong is he? He is very strong.)

«It was an extremely important meeting.» (This was an extremely important meeting.) The adverb extremely changes the adjective important. We ask the question “how much”: “How important was it? Extremely important. » (How important was it? Extremely important.) It is now clear that the meeting was extremely important.

«She smiled amazingly.» (She smiled an amazing smile.) Here the adverb amazingly affects the verb smile, and tells us how the girl smiled.

So, remember the main rule — the adverb most often answers the question «how?» At the same time, it can also answer the questions «when?», «Where?» and why?».

Additional rules

In English, adjectives usually precede the nouns they refer to. However, if the sentence contains one of the following verbs, the adjective will appear after its noun.

• to be
• to feel
• great taste
• to smell
• to sound
• to look
• to appear
• to seem

Consider the following examples:

«The sky is blue.» (The sky is blue.) The adjective blue refers to the noun sky, but follows the verb is in the sentence, which is the form of the verb be.

«Diana looks happy.» (Diana looks happy.) The adjective happy also follows the noun Diana.

«The music sounds loud.» (Music sounds loud.) The adjective loud follows the noun music in the sentence.

«The juice smells great.» (The juice smells great.) Again, we see the noun juice first, followed by the dependent adjective great.

Avoiding common mistakes

There are adjectives and adverbs in English that are difficult to distinguish by spelling. It is even more difficult to understand the difference in their use. Let’s clarify these situations.

1. Is the adjective bad or the adverb badly?

When you want to talk about your feelings or feelings, you should use the adjective bad. So when you feel bad or unwell, you say “I feel bad”. However, if you say “I feel badly,” it means that you feel dull, as if your hands are numb. Compare these examples:

«The horse smells badly.» Here the adverb badly means that the horse has a bad scent, a poor ability to smell in principle.

«The cat smells bad.» Thanks to the adjective bad, the sentence is no longer about scent, but about the fact that the cat is dirty, smells bad and needs bathing.

Note: In English there is also an expression “I feel badly”. It is used when you need to apologize, express regret. Imagine visiting a friend and accidentally breaking his favorite vase. Then you say, “I feel really badly about the vase”. 

2. Is the adjective good or the adverb well?

It is easy to remember a simple rule that works in the grammar of the English language — the adjective good should be used with the following verbs denoting feelings and states: feel, look, smell, be. While the adverb well combines with live, do. Compare:

«I do well.» Use the adverb well to say that you are doing well and that you are doing well.

«My grandmother looks good.» The adjective good says that the grandmother looks good, not that the grandmother has good eyesight.

«My cat smells pretty good now.» Again, the adjective good does not mean that the cat has a good scent, but that the cat itself smells good, like after bathing.

Note: In English colloquial speech with verbs of feelings and states, it is allowed to use the adverb well in expressions such as “I feel well”. This is due to the fact that many people confuse the adjective good and the adverb well in conversation. However, when talking about action verbs, you should only use the adverb well. For example:

«He plays football well.» (He plays football well.)

«The whole class did well on the exam.» (The whole class did well on the exam.)

3. Adjective sure or adverb surely?

Source: https://skyeng.ru/articles/10-sposobov-otlichit-prilagatelnoe-ot-narechiya-v-anglijskom

Examples of polysyllabic adjectives in English

Each person or object has distinctive characteristics, properties, signs. And in order to tell the interlocutor about them, you need to be able to use the appropriate adjectives correctly.

Today we will study this grammatical category, as well as learn its laws of composing and using the degree of comparison.

In addition, they will help us quickly understand and remember the rules about simple and polysyllabic adjectives in the English language examples, given in the final section.

Grammatical meaning

The role of English adjectives is no different from the role of Russians — to characterize people and describe objects, emphasizing their qualities, signs, properties. Despite the fact that there is always a noun in conjunction with this part of speech, it does not change either the number, gender or case.

• I see a gray bird — I see gray the bird.
• Gray birds are sitting on the branch of the tree — Grey birds sit on a tree branch.
• I gave some bread to the gray bird — I gave some bread to this gray bird.

The only case of changing the form of adjectives in an English sentence is when they are used to compare objects and express superiority.

Comparison forms

Before mastering the methods of comparison, it is necessary to understand that the composition of adjectives is very important for English grammar. They are of three types: simple, complex, and compound.

Compound adjectives are a combination of two words and are written with a hyphen (sometimes together). These combinations consist of adjectives and other parts of speech: numerals, nouns, participles, etc.

• A one-eyed young man lives in this flat — A young one-eyed boy lives in this apartment.
• Mother bought a dark blue suit for my brother — Mom bought my brother a navy blue suit.
• He didn’t want to take a low-paid job — He didn’t want to take a low-paying job.

The composite view is rarely used. Monosyllabic and disyllabic adjectives and words with a large number of syllables are much more common. For the first two groups, comparative forms are formed by changing the stem, and the last category requires additional words. Therefore, we will separately analyze polysyllabic adjectives in English, giving examples of compiling their comparative degrees. Let’s dwell on the first group for now.

Definitions consisting of one syllable, as well as adjectives of two syllables with the endings le, er, ow, y form the degrees of comparison in a suffix way. For the comparative degree it is the suffix -er, and for the superlative one it is est. Since only one person or object can surpass everyone, the article the is put before such adjectives.

• I had done my task by 3 o’clock because it was easy — I completed my task by three o’clock, because she was easy.
• You had done your task faster than I did because your task was cutting easier — You completed your task faster than me, because your task was easier.
• He had done his task earlier than others did because his task was the easy — He completed his task before anyone else, because his task was the lightest.

When changing the degree for monosyllabic adjectives, several nuances related to spelling are characteristic. When the definition ends with one consonant, preceded by a short vowel, it is doubled in the comparative construction. Here we note that the final unreadable vowel e is never doubled.

• It was hot yesterday — It was hot yesterday.
• The weather is getting hotter and hotter — The weather is getting hotter and hotter.

Words ending in -y with a preceding consonant change that letter to i.

• My sister is lazy — My sister is lazy.
• He is the laziest pupil in his class — He is the laziest student in his class.

Note that this group contains special cases that are studied separately.

Polysyllabic adjectives in English construction examples

For definitions that include three or more syllables, no changes occur to the word itself. In drawing up comparative degrees, they are helped by special additional designations: more / less (more / less) and the most / the least (most / least).

Original form	Comparison	Superiority
comfortable room	more comfortable room	the most comfortable room
beautiful butterfly	more beautiful butterfly	the most beautiful butterfly
expensive present	less expensive present	the least expensive present

This method is often used to form comparisons of adjectives in –ed and –ing, which many equate with participles.

• He was more surprised than his brother — He was more surprised than his brother.
• It was the most interesting day of my trip — It was the most interesting day of my trip.

Disyllabic adjectives are often used this way, especially if they end in -ful, -less, -ous.

• Your husband is more careful than my — Your husband is more caring than mine.
• It is the most useless thing in the world — This is the most useless thing in the world.
• Palahniuk is more famous writer than Frei — Palahniuk is a better known writer than Fry.

To the words that are always used for education degrees of comparison additional constructs also include: frequent, careless, modern, normal, certain, foolish, correct, etc.

Some adjectives may even use both methods of constructing comparisons.

Original form	Comparison	Superiority
angry	angrier / more angry	the angriest / the most angry
quiet	quitter / more quitter	the quietest / the most quit
handsome	handsomer / more handsome	the handsomest / the most handsome

This type of word includes common, clever, simple, gentle, stupid, narrow, cruel, pleasant, friendly.

Source: https://speakenglishwell.ru/mnogoslozhnye-prilagatelnye-v-anglijskom-yazyke-primery/

Enjoy learning English online with Puzzle English for free

For knowledge of a foreign language, a wealth of vocabulary is no less important than an understanding of grammar. The more words a person speaks, the freer he feels in a foreign language environment.

The variety of vocabulary is largely determined by the richness of word formation in the English language. The construction of new words is based on general principles. And the one who knows these principles feels much more confident among unfamiliar vocabulary.

The structure of the word and its change

New words are learned gradually. Most often, at first we only understand them in texts or someone else’s speech, and only then we begin to actively use them in ours. Therefore, mastering new vocabulary is a long process and requires patience from the student, active practice of reading, listening and working with a dictionary.

One of the methods to quickly expand your vocabulary is to master the ways of word formation in English. Having understood the principles by which words are built, it is possible to derive the meanings of its cognate words from an already known word.

The building blocks for every word are the root, prefixes and suffixes. The root is the part of the word that carries the main meaning. A word cannot exist without a root. Whereas prefixes and suffixes are an optional part, however, when added to the root, it is they that help form new words. Therefore, when describing word formation in English, we will separate prefix and suffix methods.

All prefixes and suffixes have their own meaning. It is usually quite blurry and serves to change the basic meaning of the word. When a prefix or suffix (or both) is added to the root, their value is added to the root value. This is how a new word turns out.

The formation of new words can lead not only to a change in meaning, but also to change parts of speech. Suffixes are more common in this function. By adding to the root, they translate a word from one part of speech to another, for example, they make an adjective from a verb or a verb from a noun.

So, from one root a whole group can be formed, all the elements of which are interconnected. Therefore, word formation helps learners of English to see the semantic relationships between words and better navigate the variety of vocabulary.

You can get a new word not only through prefixes and suffixes. Another way is compounding, in which two roots are combined into one word, forming a new meaning. In addition, word formation includes the reduction of words and the creation of abbreviations.

Prefixes as a way of word formation in English

A prefix (the term «prefix» is also used) is an element of a word that is placed before the root. Prefix word formation is rarely used by the English language to change parts of speech (as an exception, the prefix «en-» / «em-» for the formation of verbs can be called). But prefixes are actively used to change the meaning of a word. The prefixes themselves can have different meanings, but among them there is a large group of prefixes with a similar function: to change the meaning of a word to the opposite.

1. Prefixes with negative values:

• un-: unpredictable (unpredictable), unable (unable)
• dis-: disapproval, disconnection

Source: https://puzzle-english.com/directory/wordbuilding

Difference between an adverb and an adjective in English: how to distinguish them?

Good or well? Slow or slowly? Hard or hardly? High or highly highly?

Today you will learn the difference between an adverb and an adjective in English and quickly learn how to distinguish them.

These parts of speech very often cause confusion among those who are learning English not only at the beginner level.

That is why it is worthwhile to understand once and for all what adverbs and adjectives are in English, as well as when they are used.

Features of the adjective in English

First, an adjective in English always describes a noun or pronoun, just like in Russian.

That is, if you see an adjective in a sentence, somewhere nearby there will be either a noun or a pronoun (he, she, it, etc.).

For example: Mark’s new bike is RED and yellow… It is very solid as well.

The highlighted words are adjectives.

Second, remember that adjectives never describe other adjectives or verbs.

Adverb and its main properties

With an adverb, the situation is very simple — it always defines a verb, less often an adjective or another adverb.

Very often, adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding a suffix — ly.

For example: slow — slowly, quick — quickly, careful — carefully, nice — nicely, happy — happily etc.

Also, adverbs can be formed from nouns by adding only — Y: wind — windy, sun — sunny, rain — rainy.

But in the English language there are «special» adverbs that are formed in their own way.

For example: good — well. Don’t confuse them!

«Good job «, BUT»Well done «! One cannot say “very well weather «, it is correct to say -» Very good weather «.

There are also such adverbs that seem to be formed from an adjective, only they mean something completely different.

For example: hard — hardly, close — closely, late — lately, near — nearly.

To distinguish an adverb from an adjective, it is worth looking at the context and role of the word in the sentence, that is, what exactly it describes: an object, a person, a phenomenon or an action.

As for adjectives like high, deep, cool, warm, cold, hot, present, shorts etc. when adding a suffix — ly from them an adverb is formed, which is used not literally, but in a figurative sense.

By the way, these adjectives are also used as adverbs without adding a suffix.

Let’s see examples:

• He talked about Alice very highly… — He spoke very highly of Alice.
• Mrs. Tess welcomed us warmly… “Mrs. Tess greeted us warmly.

That’s all.

Enjoy learning English! Subscribe to the newsletter and share useful information with your friends in social networks.

Good Luck!

Source: https://preply.com/blog/2015/06/11/raznitsa-mezhdu-narechiem-i-prilagatelnym-v-anglijskom-kak-ih-otlichat/

Nationalities in English: basic rules

Countries and Nationalities is taught at the very beginning of the elementary level. If you open any textbook of this level, then one of the first lessons will certainly touch upon the topic of countries and nationalities. This is because using the names of different nationalities, it is convenient to practice the use of the verb to be.

From the very first lessons, students will learn how to form the names of nationalities from the names of countries, but the list of words considered is usually small: a maximum of twenty of the most popular countries and nationalities. This is enough for a start, but you will need more knowledge to study further.

In this article, we will explain the basic rules by which the names of nationalities are formed, as well as talk about the various features of using these words.

First of all, please remember that the names of countries, languages, nationalities in English are written with a capital letter.

An adjective can be formed from the name of any country using a certain suffix. For example:

Italy — Italy; Italian — Italian, Italian — Italian.

Do you speak Italian? — Do you speak Italian?
I Italian food. — I love Italian food.
He is from Italy. He is Italian… — He’s from Italy. He is Italian.

As you can see, the same word derived from the name of the country can be used in different ways. This adjective is the name of the language of this country and the name of nationality. Many students, for example, forget about these derivative words and just use the name of the country (Japan food, Spain singer, and so on). The name of the country cannot be an adjective, it cannot describe the nationality or language of the country, so do not make such mistakes.
 

It should be noted that the name of the nationality and the language of the country do not always coincide. For example, in Brazil (Brazil), although there are Brazilians (Brazilian), they speak Portuguese (Portugese). It is the same with Arab countries, where the nationality of the country does not coincide with the language (Arabic).

So, back to suffixes. Some authors try to classify suffixes by geography, making maps like this:

Nevertheless, it is impossible to classify all suffixes according to any one criterion, there are always exceptions. Take the -ESE suffix for example: it would seem to combine with the names of countries in Asia and Africa, but it also forms adjectives from the names of some countries in Europe and South America.

Let’s look at the main suffixes that form adjectives from country names:

-IAN	Adjectives are formed using this suffix, regardless of which letter ends in the name of the country and where it is located. If the country name ends in -IA, then only -N is added:	Argentina — Argentinian Egypt — Egyptian Norway — Norwegian Ukraine — UkrainianBrazil — BrazilianRussia — Russian Australia — AustralianIndonesia — Indonesian
-AN	If the country name ends in -A, then only -N is added, if the name ends in another vowel, -AN is added:	Korea — Korean Venezuela — Venezuelan Chile — Chilean Mexico — Mexican
-ESE	Basically — the countries of Asia, some countries in Africa, other countries in Europe and South America:	China — Chinese Vietnam — Vietnamese Japan — Japanese Lebanon — Lebanese Sudan — Sudanese Taiwan — Taiwanese Portugal — Portuguese
-ISH	Some adjectives are formed with the –ISH suffix:	Britain — British Scotland — Scottish Ireland — IrishWales — Welsh Poland — Polish Turkey — Turkish
-I	Almost all countries that combine with this suffix are Islamic countries, or countries that speak Arabic.	Iraq — Iraqi Pakistan — Pakistani Thailand — ThaiKuwait — Kuwaiti
Other suffixes	Other suffixes can also be called exceptions, since some of them are single, used to form one nationality.	France — French Greece — Greek Switzerland — Swissthe Netherlands — Dutch

As mentioned earlier, many adjectives that can be formed using suffixes are the names of the languages ​​spoken in a particular country. In addition, these adjectives, when combined with nouns, describe something specific to this country:

French literature — French literature Japanese food — Japanese food Mexican traditions — Mexican traditions

Egyptian culture — Egyptian history

In order to talk about nationalities in general, there are several ways in English that we will now get to know.

1. The + ADJECTIVE

You know from the article on the definite article the that the can be combined with adjectives when the adjective refers to a group of people:

The Chinese are very traditional. — The Chinese are very traditional.
The Americans fast food. — Americans love fast food.

Have you noticed that in the above examples the word Americans is used with the ending -S, Chinese — without the ending? There are a few rules to remember about this:

If nationality adjectives have endings –SH, –CH, –SS, –ESE, -I then they are not plural (no -S is added to them):

the French the Swiss the Japanese the Scottish the Iraqi the Iraqi

the Israeli — Israelis

Endings –AN and some others are plural. These adjectives (unlike the above) can also be nouns:

the Ukrainians the Brazilians the Greeks the Greeks

the Thais — residents of Thailand

2. ADJECTIVE + PEOPLE

Any nationality can be designated using the word people in combination with an adjective. The article is not needed:

Chinese people — Chinese people Italian people — Italians

English people — English

3. Nouns

Some nationalities have special nouns that do not match adjectives… These nouns can be used when referring to all representatives of nationality:

Denmark — the Danes Finland — the Finns Great Britain — the British Poland — the Poles Scotland — the Scots Spain — the Spaniards Sweden — the Swedes the Netherlands — the Dutch

Turkey — the Turks

If you are talking about one person, then if this nationality has a noun, then you can use it:

an American — American an Italian — Italian a Pole — Pole a Turk — Turk a Spaniard — Spanish a Briton — British

a Swede — Swede

 If there is no noun, or if you want to clarify the gender of a person, then use the ADJECTIVE + MAN / WOMAN / BOY / GIRL formula:

an English boy a Chinese woman

a French man

(can be written together: a Frenchman)
an English man (can be written together: an Englishman)

There is a term in English demonym (from the Greek demos — people and onym — name). This term is intended to describe people living in a particular area. These are the names of nationalities, ethnic groups, residents of a particular area or a particular city. All of the above adjectives and nouns derived from country names are demonyms. Demonyms are formed mainly by suffixing:

London — Londoner — resident of London Kiev — Kievan — resident of Kiev

Rome — Roman — a resident of Rome

In this article, we will not list all nationalities and other demonyms. To begin with, you just need to know the names of the nationalities of large and frequently mentioned countries. If the need arises, you can easily find lists of all nationalities without exception on the Internet. The main thing is to remember the general rules and constantly supplement your knowledge. And don’t forget to subscribe to our updates! I wish you success! 

Source: https://enginform.com/article/nationalities

The Adjective

§ 29. Adjectives denote signs, qualities or properties of objects.

In English, as in Russian, there are simple, derivatives и complex (compound) adjectives.

Simpleadjectives (Simple adjectives):

nice, green, small, right, good.

Derivativesadjectives (Derived Adjectives)adjectives with suffixes or prefixes):

dirty, childish, friendly, unknown, useful.

Complex (compound) adjectives (compound adjectives):

light-blue, red-hot, good-looking, well-known.

Among the English Complexadjectives there is a special group adjectives with the -ed suffix (complex derivativesadjectives), for example: blue-eyed (blue-eyed), long-legged (leggy), absent-minded (scattered).

§ 30. By value adjectives are divided into two groups — Qualityadjectives (Qualitative Adjectives) and the relativeadjectives (relative adjectives).

Qualitativeadjectives directly indicate the signs and qualities of objects (size, color, weight, etc.):

big, red, difficult, important, heavy.

For qualityadjectives the following properties are characteristic:

1) They have degrees of comparison (see § 34):

big — bigger — (the) biggest

2) They can be defined by adverbs of the degree very, quite, so, too, rather, fairly and others:

very big, quite red, too difficult, rather heavy, fairly interesting.

§ 31. Relativeadjectives denote the signs and qualities of objects through their relationship to other objects, for example: a wooden house (a house made of wood), an American boy (a boy from America), a grammatical exercise (an exercise on grammar), etc.

Relativeadjectives do not have degrees of comparison.

A feature of the English language is that in the meaning relativeadjectives very often there are determinants-nouns (nouns used as prepositive definitions for other nouns). Therefore, in many cases, the Russian relative adjective does not correspond in English adjective, and the determinant is a noun. Compare:

a school library — school library
a football match — football match
London streets — London streets
a pioneer camp — pioneer camp
gold watch — gold watch
winter sports — winter sports

Missing in English possessiveadjectiveslike Russians Petin, Zhenin, daddy, mother’s etc. Their role in English is played by the corresponding nouns in the possessive case.

Tomorrow is mother’s birthday. Tomorrow mother’s birthday.
This is Nick’s book. it Colin book.

§ 32. The main grammatical feature adjectives in English is their immutability in numbers, gender and cases. In this respect, they differ from adjectives in Russian, which are declined, vary in numbers and gender, and can have short and full forms.

Compare:

a gray cat — gray cat
two gray cats — two gray cats
a clever boy — smart boy; a clever girl — a clever girl, etc.

This is a good house. This is a nice home.
This house is good. This house is good.
We live in a good house. We live in a nice house.

As adjectives in English they do not incline, then there is no grammatical agreement between them and the nouns being defined, which is available in Russian.

Functions of adjectives in a sentence

§ 33. In the sentence adjectives perform the following functions:

1) definitions to a noun; adjective-definition in English, it is placed before the noun being defined:

I hope you had a good holiday.
Happy Birthday to you!

Note. Unlike the Russian language adjective-definition not used in English (except excellent degree) without the word being defined. When the noun being defined is omitted, the pronoun one is used instead.

I don’t need the red pencil; give me the black one, please.

Compare: I don’t need a red pencil, give me a black one, please.

2) predicative (the nominal part of the predicate):

Are you hungry?
I’m more thirsty than hungry.
Are you sure the shop is still open?

There is a group in English adjectives, which are used only in the function predicative… This includes adjectives: afraid, a, alive, asleep, awake, glad, ill, sorry.

I’m very glad to see you.I’m so sorry to be late.When I came home my brother was already asleep.Mike’s sisters are very much a.

He’s been ill for two days.

Degrees of Comparisons of Adjectives

§ 34. In English, as in Russian, Qualityadjectives have three degrees of comparison: positive

Source: http://artefact.lib.ru/languages/eng_ebooks_shub_adjective.shtml

Excellent Degree in English

Learning grammar and rules is not enough, it is also important to learn how to communicate in English. Practice and experience show that English for beginners’ children is a topic that causes quite lively disputes and disagreements.

Someone thinks that you should not burden children with learning In order to maintain and improve your speech, you need to communicate with a native English speaker.

Modern technologies do not stand still, Why do we need English? Today this question does not cause any hesitation! Traveling around the world, communicating with foreign citizens, progressing in Basic English Verbs is an item that cannot be ignored when studying a foreign language.

It is not for nothing that this part of speech is called the king.

In English, there are three degrees of comparison for adjectives: comparative, positive, and excellent. The key function of the latter is to demonstrate the strong characteristic of a certain object, in comparison with other nouns. For example, the largest or the smallest. It is important that in order to use a superlative degree, it is necessary that at least three objects or people are involved!

How the degrees of comparison of adjectives in English are formed

Comparative and Superlative Education in English — a topic that needs to be given due attention in the study of the subject. Self-mastering can cause some difficulties, therefore, in order to assimilate the material and learn how to apply it in practice, we strongly recommend not to be lazy and take a few individual lessons! 

First of all, we invite you to find out rule of comparison of adjectives in English… Note that all adjectives can be divided into two groups:

• High quality;
• Relative.

It is noteworthy that not all adjectives lend themselves to comparison. For example, let’s take the word «iron». We cannot say that this chair is more iron than the one that you saw in the previous store. This is lexically incorrect.

Qualitative adjectives can be presented in any form — positive, comparatively excellent.

Formation of the comparative degree of adjectives in English

The comparative degree is used when it comes to 2 or more subjects. We will tell you in detail how to form it.

1. If the adjective consists of 1-2 syllables, then they are considered short. In this case, the ending «er» must be added to the word;
2. If the adjective has an ending «y», then comparatively it simply changes to «i» + «er»;
3. If there is «e» at the end of the adjective, then just add «r»;
4. When there is a combination of a vowel and a consonant at the end of an adjective, the consonant is doubled + «er».
5. If the adjective is long (it includes more than 2 syllables), then here the comparative degree is formed using the words «more» and «less». They just need to be put before the adjective.

How to form a comparative superlative degree in English

To use superlatives, two objects are not enough. Three is the minimum.

1. We add the ending “est” to adjectives with one syllable;
2. An adjective of 3 or more syllables is used together with «most» and «least».

As you can see, this topic seems completely uncomplicated. In reality, there are a lot of nuances and pitfalls, for example — words exclusion of adjectives in English… Once again, we note the fact that if this topic is difficult to learn, then it is better to take a few lessons from a professional teacher!

www.sva39.ru Creation, maintenance and promotion of sites.

Language school LinguaHouse

st. Victory 22 building 3, Reutov, Moscow region.

Source: https://lhcenter.ru/novosti/polezno-znat/37-prevoskhodnaya-stepen-v-anglijskom-yazyke

Suffixes in English: 40 Most Common

Hey.

Source: https://corp.lingualeo.com/ru/2016/11/16/suffiksyi-v-angliyskom-yazyike/

Formation of adjectives by adding a postfix to the verb

When we use postfixes, we enrich the semantics of the English language, making it diverse. This especially applies to the formation of adjectives. Several types of postfixes can be added to the verb stem. Some of them carry a certain meaning.

-able	The ability of the subject to perform any action matters
-ible
-ant	Indicate that an item has a given characteristic or property
-ent
-ive

It is worth noting that the verb stem does not always remain in its initial form and may change when a postfix is ​​added. So, if a verb ends in -y, then the formation of an adjective, it will change to -i. And the final letter -e, as a rule, is not readable and is simply omitted when adding a postfix.

Considering these exceptions, it is important to remember the postfixes disappear, leaving the root of the word. This also applies to the word appreciate. In this case, to form an adjective, replace -ate with-able. Look closely at the table with examples.

relay	Rely on someone	Reliable Website, Good Products. Customer Testimonial	Reliable, trustworthy
Combine	Combine, combine, combine	Combinable	Connecting, combinable, combinable
reverse	Wrap, turn	Reversible	Reversible
Convert	Convert, modify	Convertible	Changeable, convertible, reversible
resist	Resist, resist	resistant	Provide resistance, hardy
it depends	Depend	Dependent	Conditioned, subordinate, dependent
Progress	Make progress, get ahead	Progressive	Perspective, progressive, progressive
Effect	Influence	Effective	Effective, efficient, efficient
appreciate	appreciate, admit	Appreciable	Significant, tangible, substantial

Consider these adjectives in sentences

I’m sure he is a reliable man, I know him for a long time.	I am sure he is a reliable person, I have known him for a long time.
She says these colors are combinable.	She says these colors are compatible.
She is dependent on her mother’s opinion.	She is dependent on her mother’s opinion.
It is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem.	This is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem.
I worked hard, it was a really progressive month.	I worked hard, it was a really progressive month.
The climate of our planet is changing and it isn’t a reversible process.	The climate on our planet is changing and this is an irreversible process.
His help to the company is very appreciable.	His help to the company has been very significant.

Source: https://englishfun.ru/grammatika/obrazovanie-prilagatelnyh-v-anglijskom-yazyke

In this study guide, you will learn about different types of adjectives with examples of how to use them in a sentence. Check out the exercises at the end to test your understanding! You can also download this guide as a free pdf to use offline at home.

What you will learn:

• What are adjectives?
• How do we use them?
• Different types of adjectives (with example)
• Extra info about adjectives
• Adjectives: exercises

What are adjectives?

Adjectives provide more information about nouns. They can make our language more interesting and descriptive and can be used in persuasive writing. Adjectives can give us details about the colour, size, and shape of something. They also allow us to describe non-physical features of our personality or feelings. Some adjectives have particular functions, as you will see in the examples below.

1. Common adjective endings

Many adjectives are formed by adding a suffix to a noun or verb. For example, the noun colour becomes colourful, and the verb chat becomes chatty. See the table below for examples of common adjective endings:

-ful	-ive	-ous	-able	-ic	-ible	-y
beautiful	creative	adventurous	adorable	enthusiastic	terrible	funny
wonderful	impressive	enormous	capable	gigantic	possible	gloomy
careful	decisive	marvellous	reliable	fantastic	incredible	sunny

2. Negative forms

The negative form of an adjective is usually created by adding a prefix. The most common adjective prefixes are: un- and in-, for example inconvenient, unattractive. The suffix ‘less’ can also be used to form some negative adjectives, for example, careless, useless.

3. Adjectives from participles

We form many adjectives from verb participles. Some follow the form of present participles (such as boring) and others follow the form of past participles (such as broken). Some adjectives that describe feelings and emotions are formed in this way, e.g. disappointed, exhausting.
 

How do we use them?

1. Adjective position

Adjectives can appear in two different positions in a sentence.
Adjectives that are before the noun are called “attributive adjectives”.

Subject + verb + adjective + noun
e.g. Sarah wore an amazing hat.

Adjectives that appear after a linking verb are known as “predicative adjectives”.
Verbs that can function in this way include: be, get, look, taste and feel.

Subject + verb + adjective
e.g. The book was boring.
e.g. The food tasted horrible.

We can only place certain adjectives in the predicative position (after a verb). These include: asleep, alight, alive, alone and awake. So it is possible to say ‘Jo was asleep’, but not ‘Jo was an asleep woman’.

2. The order of adjectives

When we use more than one adjective before a noun, we need to follow the correct adjective order. Check out the example sentences with three adjectives below. Adjectives that give an opinion should always appear before other adjectives.

Article	Opinion	Size	Age	Shape	Colour	Origin	Material	Purpose	Noun
A		big			red		plastic		box.
A	beautiful		old			French			house.
A		small		round				coffee	table.

When we use more than one adjective before a noun, they are usually separated with commas, e.g. A creepy, old house. When we place adjectives after a linking verb, ‘and’ is used with three or more adjectives, for example: He felt tired, scared and lonely.
 

Different types of adjectives (with examples)

1. Demonstrative adjectives

This, that, these and those are “demonstrative adjectives”. They are used before a noun to clarify ‘which one’ we are talking about. In general, this and these refer to something close to the speaker, and that and those refer to something further away. That and those can also refer to a noun in the past.

Examples of demonstrative adjectives:

I love this book.
Have you been to that café?
I bought those shoes years ago in London.
These trees always look beautiful in spring.

2. Descriptive adjectives

The most common type of adjectives are “descriptive adjectives”. They give us more information about a noun. They can make our language more interesting and colourful. Descriptive adjectives give us information about the age, size, appearance and colour of something. Some descriptive adjectives also express opinions. Words such as beautiful, useful, ingenious or ugly show our opinion about the noun.

Examples of descriptive adjectives:

It was a beautiful day.
He was a kind, thoughtful boy.
He was driving a small, black car.
Jenny said she was hungry.
Tony said he felt tired.

3. Distributive adjectives

“Distributive adjectives” are determiners that help us to give information about one individual among many. Adjectives in this group include: each, every, either and neither. We use each to give information about an individual in a group of two or more: Each child was given a book. The distributive adjective every suggests a larger group: Every child in the school wore the correct uniform. We use either and neither to make comparisons between two people or things. Either means ‘one or the other’. Neither means something like ‘not this one and not that one’.

Examples of distributive adjectives:

Each twin was given an identical present.
Every country has its own traditions.
There are apples and pears. You can have either.
I don’t mind tea or coffee. Either is ok.
Neither dress would be suitable for the party.
Neither of the boys liked football.
Both boys are getting tall!

4. Interrogative adjectives

We use “interrogative adjectives” to modify a noun in a question. These adjectives can only appear at the beginning of the question. Interrogative adjectives are determiners that seek clarification as to which thing or which individual is being discussed. For example, in a cake shop the assistant asks ‘Which cake would you like? Which, what and whose are interrogative adjectives. These adjectives also function as pronouns. When used as an interrogative adjective they always go before a noun.

Examples of interrogative adjectives:

Which shirt do you prefer?
What pizza have you ordered?
Whose bag is that?
Which man won the prize?
What sort of ice cream do you want?

5. Numeral adjectives

“Numeral adjectives” (also known as adjectives of number) allow us to specify the number of things or people we are talking about. Definite numeral adjectives include cardinal numbers (one, two, three) ordinal numbers (first, second, third) and words such as single, double and triple. This group also includes indefinite numeral adjectives, such as all, some, enough, many and a few.

Examples of numeral adjectives:

It was the first time I had travelled alone.
Did you win second prize?
They bought a double bed.
Have you got enough money?
She lived in France for many years.

6. Possessive adjectives

“Possessive adjectives” indicate ownership or possession. These adjectives are also used to describe someone in your family, for example ‘my sister’. They appear before a singular or plural noun in the sentence. My, your, his, her, its, our, your and their are all possessive adjectives.

Examples of possessive adjectives:

My car is very old.
Have you seen her house?
Their car is brand new.
Your children are making too much noise!
Our grandparents were always kind to us.

7. Proper adjectives

Proper nouns are the names of places, people or things. A “proper adjective” is formed from a proper noun. In English, proper nouns and proper adjectives always have an initial capital letter. Examples of proper adjectives include nationalities, such as American, Italian and Indian. Other examples include the names of historical periods, such as Victorian or Georgian and adjectives formed from people’s names, e.g. Shakespearian or from cities, e.g. Parisian.

Examples of proper adjectives:

This is a Chinese vase.
She had an American husband.
He was a famous Shakespearean actor.
There are many Georgian houses in Bath.
Parisian cafes are very atmospheric.

8. Quantitative adjectives

“Quantitative adjectives” allow us to describe the amount of something. These adjectives appear before a noun. Adjectives in this group include: lots of, some, any, few, little, several and plenty of. Whereas some is used in positive sentences, any is used in questions and negatives. Many is also used in negative sentences. In positive sentences ‘a lot of’ sounds more natural in English.

Examples of quantitative adjectives:

Have you got any coffee?
Several students went to the auditions.
She’ll be fine because she’s got plenty of money.
Not many people get married in their early twenties.
I’ve got to read a lot of books for my course.
 

Extra info about adjectives

1. Comparatives and superlatives

Comparatives are formed by adding ‘-er’ to an adjective, e.g. taller. Superlatives are formed by adding ‘-est’ to an adjective, e.g. tallest. If the adjective has three or more syllables, it is usual to put the word ‘more’ in front of the adjective, rather than adding ‘-er’. The rule is the same for comparatives.

So we can say: tall, taller, the tallest, but we would say beautiful, more beautiful and the most beautiful. There are a few irregular forms of comparatives and superlatives: good – better – the best, and bad – worse – the worst. The spelling rules for comparatives and superlatives are listed below.

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
One syllable adjectives	Add -er	Add -est
Adjectives ending in b, d, g, n, p, t Big	Double the last letter and add -er Bigger	Double the last letter and add -est Biggest
Adjectives ending in ‘-y’ Easy Lucky	Drop the ‘-y’ and add ‘-ier’ Easier Luckiest	Drop the ‘-y’ and add ‘-iest’ Easiest Luckiest
Adjectives with two or more syllables Beautiful	More… More beautiful	The most… The most beautiful

2. -ed / -ing adjectives

These two adjective forms can be confusing. Adjectives ending in ‘-ed’ describe how someone is feeling, e.g. I am tired; I am bored. However, adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ describe things that make us feel like that, e.g. Running is tiring; My job is boring. Be careful not to say ‘I am boring’ when you actually mean ‘I am bored’!

Look at the following examples:

-ed	-ing
I am excited.	Going travelling is exciting.
I am interested in art.	Art is interesting.
I felt bored during the film.	The film was boring.

 3. Compound adjectives

A “compound adjective” is one formed from two or more words. In a compound adjective, the words are joined with a hyphen (-). The words used to form the compound adjective may be adjectives, nouns or parts of verbs. There are many different ways of forming compound adjectives. The following are just a few possibilities:

Adjective + noun	Short-term
Noun + adjective	Smoke-free
Noun + past participle	Middle-aged
Adjective + participle	Old-fashioned

Examples of compound adjectives:

She is a hard-working student.
It was a moon-lit night.
They agreed it was a thought-provoking film.
He is a well-known author.
They only eat meat-free sausages.

4. Modifying adjectives with adverbs

We can change the meaning of adjectives by using adverbs. The type of adverbs that modify adjectives are called adverbs of degree. These include: very, really, totally, extremely and too. Adjectives are classified as gradable or ungradable. A gradable adjective can be modified by an adverb such as very or extremely, but an ungradable adjective can only be modified by an adverb like completely or absolutely. See the examples below:

Extremely cold.
Rather hot.
Absolutely freezing.
Completely terrified.

5. Adjective + preposition combinations

Some adjectives are used with a complement – a preposition or conjunction that naturally appears with the adjective. Adjectives can combine with more than one preposition to produce more than one meaning. Examples of adjective + preposition combinations include: Interested in, happy about and confused by.

6. Collocations

Collocations are word combinations that commonly appear together. There are hundreds of adjective + noun collocations in English. A key skill is to know which combination of adjectives and nouns ‘sound right’, and which do not. For example, you could talk about a ‘huge disappointment’, but you wouldn’t say a ‘tiny disappointment’.

You may find it useful to learn collocations in groups, according to a theme. A simple adjective like ‘heavy’ has several common collocations: a heavy workload, a heavy drinker, a heavy sleeper and heavy snow.

 7. Adjectives as nouns

A few adjectives can be used with ‘the’ to create a noun referring to a group of people. For example, we can talk about ‘the rich’ or ‘the poor’. Other examples include: ‘the dead’, ‘the old’ and ‘the elderly’. Some adjectives of nationality can also be used in this way, for example: the British, the French and the Spanish. Used in this way, the adjective refers to all of the people in that group. For example: The elderly are often over-looked in our society.
 

Adjectives: Exercises

Judith P.
— ESL Tutor.

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Adjectives in English! What is an adjective? The following lessons provide you with different types of adjectives and explain how to use them in English sentences with ESL printable infographic.

What are Adjectives?

Adjectives are words that are used to describe (what kind of?) nouns and pronouns and to quantify (how much of?) and identify (which one?) them. In a nutshell, Adjectives are what define nouns and give them characteristics to differentiate them from other nouns. For example:

• He was wearing a blue shirt.

Here ‘blue’ is an adjective as it is describing the noun ‘shirt’ by answering the question ‘what kind of shirt?’

• There are seven rooms in the house.

Here ‘Seven’ is also an adjective as it’s telling the quantity/the number of the noun ‘rooms’, answering the question ‘how many rooms?’.

There are different types of adjectives based upon their effect on a noun and what do they tell about the noun. There are five categories of adjectives:

Adjectives of Quality

What are adjectives of quality?

These adjectives are used to describe the nature of a noun. They give an idea about the characteristics of the noun by answering the question ‘what kind’: Honest, Kind, Large, Bulky, Beautiful, Ugly, etc. For example:

• New Delhi is a large city with many historical monuments.
• Sarah is a beautiful woman.
• I’d like you to give me an honest answer.
• I feel really fat and ugly today.
• He carried a very bulky package on the bus.

Adjectives of Quantity

What are adjectives of quantity?

These adjectives help to show the amount or the approximate amount of the noun or pronoun. These adjectives do not provide exact numbers; rather they tell us the amount of the noun in relative or whole terms: All, Half, Many, Few, Little, No, Enough, Great, etc. For example:

• They have finished most of the rice.
• Many people came to visit the fair.

Adjectives of Number

What are adjectives of number?

These adjectives are used to show the number of nouns and their place in an order. There are three different sections within adjectives of number; they are:

Definite Numeral Adjective

Those which clearly denote an exact number of nouns or the order of the noun.

• One, Two, Twenty, Thirty-Three, etc. also known as Cardinals.
• First, Second, Third, Seventh, etc. also known as Ordinals.

Indefinite Numeral Adjective

Those adjectives that do not give an exact numerical amount but just give a general idea of the amount.

• Some, Many, Few, Any, Several, All, etc.
  E.g.: There were many people present at the meeting.

Distributive Numeral Adjective

Those adjectives that are used to refer to individual nouns within the whole amount.

• Either, Neither, Each, Another, Other, etc.
  E.g: Taxes have to be paid by every employed citizen.

Demonstrative Adjectives

What are demonstrative adjectives?

These adjectives are used to point out or indicate a particular noun or pronoun using the adjectives: This, That, These and Those.

• That bag belongs to Neil.
• Try using this paintbrush in art class.
• I really like those shoes.
• These flowers are lovely.

Interrogative Adjectives

What are interrogative adjectives?

These adjectives are used to ask questions about nouns or in relation to nouns, they are: Where, What, Which and Whose.

• Where did he say he was going?
• What assignment did I miss out on?
• Which is your favorite author?
• Whose pen is this?

In some instances, we find that we need to use more than one adjective to describe a noun in a satisfactory manner. In these cases, commas are used to separate the adjectives but some series of adjectives do not require a comma. Therefore, we need to know the difference between Coordinate and Non-coordinate Adjectives:

Coordinate Adjectives

Are those words which can be re-arranged in the series easily and are still grammatically sound. This kind of series makes use of commas. This series can also insert ‘and’ between them and still be correct.

• She was a kind, generous, loving human being.
• She was a generous, loving, kind human being.
• She was a loving, kind and generous human being.

Here we can see that all three sentences are grammatically correct. In this case, the adjectives only need to be separated by commas.

Non-coordinate Adjectives

These are those adjectives which cannot be rearranged in the series. These do not use commas to separate the adjectives. Also, this kind of series does not make sense if we insert ‘and’ between them.

• She has two energetic playful dogs.
• She has playful two energetic dogs.
• She has energetic and playful and two dogs.

Here we see that only the first sentence makes sense and is grammatically correct. The second and third ones are incorrect. Hence, the sentence uses non-coordinate adjectives and does not need commas.

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

When we want to compare two or more nouns using adjectives, we use the comparative and superlative forms of the adjective to show the comparison between the nouns.

E.g. Honey is sweet, sugar is sweeter but victory is the sweetest.

In this sentence, we are comparing the three nouns using the positive, comparative and superlative forms of the word ‘sweet’.

…

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Order of Adjectives

There are certain rules regarding the placement of different kinds of adjectives in a sentence. The general order of adjective is:

1. Determiners
2. Observations/Quantity and Opinion
3. Size
4. Age
5. Shape
6. Colour
7. Origin
8. Material
9. Qualifier

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Types of Adjectives | Infographic

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Adjective Quiz

What is an adjective?

Adjective Examples

In the following examples, the highlighted words are adjectives:

1. They live in a big, beautiful
2. Since it’s a hot day, Lisa is wearing a sleeveless
3. The mountaintops are covered in sparkling
4. On her birthday, Brenda received an antique vase filled with fragrant

Types of Adjectives

Remember that adjectives can modify as well as describe other words, and you’ll find it much easier to identify different types of adjectives when you see them.

Articles

There are only three articles, and all of them are adjectives: a, an, and the. Because they are used to discuss non-specific things and people, a and an are called indefinite articles. For example:

• I’d like a
• Let’s go on an

Neither one of these sentences names a specific banana or a certain adventure. Without more clarification, any banana or adventure will do.

The word the is called the definite article. It’s the only definite article, and it is used to indicate very specific people or things:

• Please give me a banana. I’d like the one with the green stem.
• Let’s go on an adventure. The Grand Canyon mule ride sounds perfect!

Possessive Adjectives

As the name indicates, possessive adjectives are used to indicate possession. They are:

• My
• Your
• His
• Her
• Its
• Our
• Their

Possessive adjectives also function as possessive pronouns.

Demonstrative Adjectives

Like the article the, demonstrative adjectives are used to indicate or demonstrate specific people, animals, or things. These, those, this and that are demonstrative adjectives.

• These books belong on that
• This movie is my favorite.
• Please put those cookies on the blue plate.

Coordinate Adjectives

Coordinate adjectives are separated with commas or the word and, and appear one after another to modify the same noun. The adjectives in the phrase bright, sunny day and long and dark night are coordinate adjectives. In phrases with more than two coordinate adjectives, the word and always appears before the last one; for example: The sign had big, bold, and bright letters.

Be careful, because some adjectives that appear in a series are not coordinate. In the phrase green delivery truck, the words green and delivery are not separated by a comma because green modifies the phrase delivery truck. To eliminate confusion when determining whether a pair or group of adjectives is coordinate, just insert the word and between them. If and works, then the adjectives are coordinate and need to be separated with a comma.

Numbers Adjectives

When they’re used in sentences, numbers are almost always adjectives. You can tell that a number is an adjective when it answers the question “How many?”

• The stagecoach was pulled by a team of six
• He ate 23 hotdogs during the contest, and was sick afterwards.

Interrogative Adjectives

There are three interrogative adjectives: which, what, and whose. Like all other types of adjectives, interrogative adjectives modify nouns. As you probably know, all three of these words are used to ask questions.

• Which option sounds best to you?
• What time should we go?
• Whose socks are those?

 Indefinite Adjectives

Like the articles a and an, indefinite adjectives are used to discuss non-specific things. You might recognize them, since they’re formed from indefinite pronouns. The most common indefinite adjectives are any, many, no, several, and few.

• Do we have any peanut butter?
• Grandfather has been retired for many
• There are no bananas in the fruit bowl.
• I usually read the first few pages of a book before I buy it.
• We looked at several cars before deciding on the best one for our family.

Attributive Adjectives

Attributive adjectives talk about specific traits, qualities, or features – in other words, they are used to discuss attributes. There are different kinds of attributive adjectives:

• Observation adjectives such as real, perfect, best, interesting, beautiful or cheapest can indicate value or talk about subjective measures.
• Size and shape adjectives talk about measurable, objective qualities including specific physical properties. Some examples include small, large, square, round, poor, wealthy, slow and
• Age adjectives denote specific ages in numbers, as well as general ages. Examples are old, young, new, five-year-old, and
• Color adjectives are exactly what they sound like – they’re adjectives that indicate color. Examples include pink, yellow, blue, and
• Origin adjectives indicate the source of the noun, whether it’s a person, place, animal or thing. Examples include American, Canadian, Mexican, French.
• Material adjectives denote what something is made of. Some examples include cotton, gold, wool, and
• Qualifier adjectives are often regarded as part of a noun. They make nouns more specific; examples include log cabin, luxury car, and pillow cover.

Adjective Exercises

Find the adjective or adjectives that fit in each of the blanks best.

1. We visited the museum, where we saw ____________ artifacts.
   1. A lot of
   2. Ancient
   3. John’s
   4. A room filled with
2. I received ______________ awards at the ceremony today.
   1. The manager’s
   2. Two
   3. Information about
   4. Motivation at the
3. Please get me a bag of ____________ apples.
   1. Interesting
   2. Ripe red
   3. Oranges and
   4. Real
4. The president sat in a _______________ chair.
   1. Important
   2. Barber’s
   3. Funny
   4. Leather
5. ________________ weather is the norm in San Francisco.
   1. Blue
   2. Big
   3. Foggy
   4. The best

Answer Key:

1. A – We visited the museum, where we saw ancient artifacts.
2. B – I received two awards at the ceremony today.
3. B – Please get me a bag of ripe red apples.
4. D – The president sat in a leather chair.
5. C – Foggy weather is the norm in San Francisco.

Are you ready to keep learning how to use adjectives? Visit the adjective exercises page for more practice.