Is californication a word

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Californication is a portmanteau of California and fornication, appearing in Time on May 6, 1966^[1] and written about on August 21, 1972, additionally seen on bumper stickers in the U.S. states of Idaho,^[2] Washington,^[3] Colorado, Oklahoma,^[4][5] and Texas.^[6]

It was a term popular in the 1970s and referring primarily to the «haphazard, mindless development [of land] that has already gobbled up most of Southern California»,^[7] which some attributed to an influx of Californians to other states in the Western United States.

As a popular concept[edit]

One of the most well-known uses of the word occurs in the Red Hot Chili Peppers’s album Californication (1999), which has a song by the same name. The song refers to a Hollywood-driven exportation of culture, with further references to plastic surgery, war, population control, and natural disasters.^{[citation needed]}

The concept is also familiar within the social sciences, and is understood as American cultural imperialism emanating from California.^[8] This Californication is a particular ethos packaged as a cultural commodity and broadcast throughout the world in order to penetrate into other cultures.^{[citation needed]}

Causes[edit]

Steven Malanga, a fellow at the Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, said that domestic migration from California is mainly driven by high housing costs and taxation rates in the state, citing polls with California residents on their desire to leave. Malanga suggested that migrants from California are likely to trend politically conservative, whereas liberals are less likely to want to leave the state.^[9]

By state[edit]

Colorado[edit]

On November 7, 1972, in a statewide referendum, Colorado voters rejected a bond issue to fund the hosting of the 1976 Winter Olympics. The venue for the games would have been spread over 150 miles (240 km), and was widely viewed as license for unbridled development. As part of the opposition to the bond, the slogan «Don’t Californicate Colorado» was coined, appearing on bumper stickers and placards across the state. This rejection by Colorado voters followed a trend in the western states to blame California-style «mindless development» for the urban growth problems experienced in states like Colorado, Montana, New Mexico and Oregon.^[7]

Idaho[edit]

Idaho was the fastest-growing state in the 2010s as the city of Boise experienced significant migration from California. Of the roughly 80,000 new Idaho residents in 2016, 17,000 arrived from California. Increased house purchases by out-of-state migrants, especially retirees, led to significant increases in real estate prices in and around Boise.^[10] Idaho’s appeal to Californians has been attributed to its low cost of living and high quality of life.^[11]

Oregon[edit]

Californication as a pejorative was a culmination of sentiments known in the 1940s, typified by Stewart Holbrook, author and Oregonian columnist, who campaigned through the fictitious James G. Blaine Society against development and unchecked population growth.^[12]
Similar groups—such as The Miller Society—jokingly promoted measures like building a 16-foot (4.9 m) tall fence all along Interstate 5 to prevent exiting between California and Washington, expelling non-native Oregon-born residents, and instituting a $5000 immigration fee.^[13]

In 1965, Eugene’s first planning commission began to question decades of promotion by chambers of commerce and developers. It referred to a 1959 pro-growth development plan and rampant road building as «All the way to San Jose»—an allusion to freeways’ decreasing neighborhood livability.^[13] Interstate 5 from California was completed the year before. Previously, the main route into Oregon from California was through twisty, two-lane U.S. Route 99.

Governor Tom McCall was interviewed by Terry Drinkwater and appeared on national television January 12, 1971, for his acclaimed conservation experience. Extemporaneously he said, «Come visit us again and again. But for heaven’s sake, don’t come here to live.»^[14] Soon, bumper stickers that discouraged migration to Oregon were widely seen: «The famous radioactive vapors of the Columbia River will get you!», and «Oregonians don’t tan; they rust». The banner «Don’t Californicate Oregon» became the symbol of James Cloutier’s line of «Oregon Ungreeting Cards», which carried sentiments such as «Tom Lawson McCall, governor, on behalf of the citizens of the great state of Oregon, cordially invites you to visit… Washington or California or Idaho or Nevada or Afghanistan».^[14]

Washington[edit]

Seattle Times columnist Emmett Watson remarked in a 1989 piece on Lesser Seattle that the «invasion of California nitwits to the Northwest» had reached «epidemic» proportions.^[15]

See also[edit]

• Brusselization
• Internal colonialism
• Manhattanization
• Urban sprawl

References[edit]

Californication является контаминация из Калифорнии и блуда ,появляется в Time 6 мая 1966 года и написано о 21 августа 1972 года, дополнительно увидеть на наклейки на бампер в американских штатах из Айдахо , Вашингтон , Колорадо , Оклахома и Техас .

Этот термин был популярен в 1970-х и относился в первую очередь к «бессистемной, бессмысленной разработке [земли], которая уже поглотила большую часть Южной Калифорнии », которую некоторые приписывали притоку калифорнийцев в другие штаты на западе Соединенных Штатов .

Как популярная концепция

Одно из самых известных употреблений этого слова встречается в альбоме Red Hot Chili Peppers Californication (1999), в котором есть песня с таким же названием . В песне говорится о вдохновленном Голливудом экспорте культуры с дальнейшими отсылками к пластической хирургии , войне, контролю над населением и стихийным бедствиям .

Эта концепция также известна в социальных науках и понимается как американский культурный империализм, исходящий из Калифорнии. Эта Блудливая Калифорния — особый этос, упакованный как культурный товар и транслируемый по всему миру с целью проникновения в другие культуры.

Причины

Стивен Маланга, сотрудник Манхэттенского института политических исследований , сказал, что внутренняя миграция из Калифорнии в основном вызвана высокими ценами на жилье и налоговыми ставками в штате, ссылаясь на опросы жителей Калифорнии об их желании уехать. Маланга предположил, что мигранты из Калифорнии, скорее всего, будут политически консервативными , тогда как либералы с меньшей вероятностью захотят покинуть штат.

По состоянию

Колорадо

7 ноября 1972 года на референдуме в штате Колорадо избиратели отклонили выпуск облигаций для финансирования проведения зимних Олимпийских игр 1976 года . Место проведения игр располагалось на расстоянии более 150 миль (240 км) и широко рассматривалось как лицензия на безудержную разработку. В рамках противодействия облигациям был придуман лозунг «Не калифорнийское Колорадо», который появился на наклейках на бамперах и плакатах по всему штату. Этот отказ избирателей Колорадо последовал за тенденцией в западных штатах обвинять калифорнийское «бездумное развитие» в проблемах роста городов, с которыми столкнулись такие штаты, как Колорадо, Монтана , Нью-Мексико и Орегон.

Айдахо

Айдахо был самым быстрорастущим штатом в 2010-х годах, поскольку город Бойсе пережил значительную миграцию из Калифорнии. Из примерно 80 000 новых жителей Айдахо в 2016 году 17 000 прибыли из Калифорнии. Увеличение количества покупок домов мигрантами из других штатов, особенно пенсионерами, привело к значительному росту цен на недвижимость в Бойсе и его окрестностях. Привлекательность Айдахо для калифорнийцев объясняется низкой стоимостью и высоким качеством жизни.

Орегон

Блудливая Калифорния как уничижительное слово было кульминацией настроений, известных в 1940-х годах, типичным примером которых является Стюарт Холбрук , писатель и орегонский обозреватель, который через вымышленное Общество Джеймса Дж. Блейна проводил кампанию против развития и неконтролируемого роста населения. Подобные группы, такие как Общество Миллера, в шутку продвигали такие меры, как строительство забора высотой 16 футов (4,9 м) вдоль межштатной автомагистрали 5, чтобы предотвратить выезд между Калифорнией и Вашингтоном , изгнание неродных жителей Орегона и введение иммиграции на сумму 5000 долларов платеж.

В 1965 году первая комиссия по планированию Юджина начала подвергать сомнению десятилетия продвижения по службе торговыми палатами и разработчиками. В нем упоминался план развития 1959 года и безудержное дорожное строительство как «Весь путь до Сан-Хосе» — намек на снижение уровня пригодности для жизни в районе автострад. Автострада 5 из Калифорнии была построена годом ранее. Раньше основной маршрут в Орегон из Калифорнии проходил по извилистому двухполосному шоссе США 99 .

Губернатор Том Макколл дал интервью Терри Дринкуотер и 12 января 1971 года выступил по национальному телевидению за свой знаменитый опыт сохранения окружающей среды . Импровизированно он сказал: «Приходите к нам в гости снова и снова. Но, ради всего святого, не приезжайте сюда жить». Вскоре широко были замечены наклейки на бамперы, препятствующие переселению в Орегон: «Знаменитые радиоактивные пары реки Колумбия достанут вас!» И «Орегонцы не загорают, они ржавеют». Баннер «Не калифорнийский Орегон» стал символом серии «Неблагоприятных открыток Орегона» Джеймса Клотье , в которых выражались такие чувства, как «Том Лоусон Макколл, губернатор, от имени граждан великого штата Орегон, сердечно приглашает вас в гости … Вашингтон, Калифорнию, Айдахо, Неваду или Афганистан «.

Вашингтон

Обозреватель Seattle Times Эммет Уотсон заметил в 1989 году в статье о Малом Сиэтле, что «вторжение калифорнийских придурков на северо-запад» достигло «эпидемических» масштабов.

Смотрите также

• Брюсселизация
• Манхеттанизация
• Разрастание городов

Рекомендации

Californication is a portmanteau of the words California and fornication, appearing in Time on May 6, 1966^[1] and written about on August 21, 1972, additionally seen on bumper stickers in the U.S. states of Arizona, Nevada, Colorado, Oregon, Idaho,^[2] Washington,^[3] and Oklahoma.^[4][5]

It was a term popular in the 1970s and referring primarily to the «haphazard, mindless development [of land] that has already gobbled up most of Southern California»,^[6] which some attributed to an influx of Californians to other states in the Western United States.

As a popular concept

One of the most well-known uses of the word occurs in the Red Hot Chili Peppers’s album Californication, which has a song by the same name. In the song references to a Hollywood-driven exportation of culture are made with references to plastic surgery, war, population control, and natural disasters.

The concept is also familiar within the social sciences, and is understood as American cultural imperialism emanating from California.^[7] This Californication is a particular ethos packaged as a cultural commodity and broadcast throughout the world in order to penetrate into other cultures.

Oregon

Californication as a pejorative was a culmination of sentiments known in the 1940s, typified by Stewart Holbrook, author and Oregonian columnist, who campaigned through the fictitious James G. Blaine Society against development and unchecked population growth.^[8][9] Similar groups—such as The Miller Society—jokingly promoted measures like building a 16-foot (4.9 m) tall fence all along Interstate 5 to prevent exiting between California and Washington, expelling non-native Oregon-born residents, and instituting a $5000 immigration fee.^[9]

In 1965, Eugene’s first planning commission began to question decades of promotion by chambers of commerce and developers. It referred to a 1959 pro-growth development plan and rampant road building as «All the way to San Jose»—an allusion to freeways’ decreasing neighborhood livability.^[9] Interstate 5 from California was completed the year before. Previously, the main route into Oregon from California was through twisty, two-lane U.S. Route 99.

Governor Tom McCall was interviewed by Terry Drinkwater and appeared on national television January 12, 1971, for his acclaimed conservation experience. Extemporaneously he said, «Come visit us again and again. But for heaven’s sake, don’t come here to live.»^[10] Soon, bumper stickers that discouraged migration to Oregon were widely seen: «The famous radioactive vapors of the Columbia River will get you!», and «Oregonians don’t tan; they rust». The banner «Don’t Californicate Oregon» became the symbol of James Cloutier’s line of «Oregon Ungreeting Cards», which carried sentiments such as «Tom Lawson McCall, governor, on behalf of the citizens of the great state of Oregon, cordially invites you to visit… Washington or California or Idaho or Nevada or Afghanistan».^[10]

Colorado

On November 7, 1972, in a statewide referendum, Colorado voters rejected a bond issue to fund the hosting of the 1976 Winter Olympics. The venue for the games would have been spread over 150 miles (240 km), and was widely viewed as license for unbridled development. As part of the opposition to the bond, the slogan «Don’t Californicate Colorado» was coined, appearing on bumper stickers and placards across the state. This rejection by Colorado voters followed a trend in the western states to blame California-style «mindless development» for the urban growth problems experienced in states like Colorado, Montana, New Mexico and Oregon.^[6]

See also

• Brusselization
• Manhattanization
• Urban sprawl

References

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Blend of California +‎ fornication, from 1960s. Popularized by the use as title for a song (1999) and a TV series (2007–2014).

Pronunciation[edit]

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun[edit]

Californication (uncountable)

1. (US, derogatory, urban studies) Large-scale development of land; urban sprawl.

   • a. 1981, Coda: Poets and Writers Newsletter, page 17:

     It’s also culturally unique, its natives resisting many elements of «californication«, the «glintzy» urban sprawl typified by Los Angeles.

   • 2000 March 3, D. J. Waldie, “Do the Voters Really Hate Sprawl?”, in The New York Times‎^[1], →ISSN:

     Thirty years ago, voters in Portland, Ore., adopted strict growth limits to prevent “Californication” of their landscape. Circumscribed by the nation’s first “urban growth boundary,” the Portland region made itself an artificial island on the land with the explicit goal of not becoming another L.A.

   • 2003, Dan Flores, The Natural West, page 167:

     If the Rocky Mountain West … is today runing scared of growth and Californication … the adjourning Great Plains are an equally large slice … that do not share that particular fear.

2. The adoption of practices and beliefs associated with California, in particular Hollywood and Silicon Valley.

   • 1992, Ien Ang, John Hartley, “Useful Astonishment”, in Cultural Studies, page 458:

     Indeed, if popular culture can be said to be dispersed in a process of global Californication, then no less should intellectual culture be seen as the product of the Routledgification of the world[.]

   • 2003 August 14, Timothy Garton Ash, “God’s crucible”, in The Guardian‎^[2]:

     So we should learn from the Americans. What Europe needs is more Californication.

• For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Californication.

[edit]

• Californianization
• Californicate

See also[edit]

• Los Angelization

Further reading[edit]

• californication (word) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Californication is a portmanteau of the words California and fornication, appearing in Time on May 6, 1966^[1] and written about on August 21, 1972, additionally seen on bumper stickers in the U.S. states of Arizona, Nevada, Colorado, Oregon, Idaho,^[2] and Washington.^[3] It was a term popular in the 1970s and referring primarily to the «haphazard, mindless development [of land] that has already gobbled up most of Southern California»,^[4] which some attributed to an influx of Californians to other states in the Western United States.

Oregon

Californication as a pejorative was a culmination of sentiments known in the 1940s, typified by Stewart Holbrook, author and Oregonian columnist, who campaigned through the fictitious James G. Blaine Society against development and unchecked population growth.^[5][6] Similar groups—such as The Miller Society—jokingly promoted measures like building a 16-foot (4.9 m) tall fence all along Interstate 5 to prevent exiting between California and Washington, expelling non-native Oregon-born residents, and instituting a $5000 immigration fee.^[6]

In 1965, Eugene’s first planning commission began to question decades of promotion by chambers of commerce and developers. It referred to a 1959 pro-growth development plan and rampant road building as «All the way to San Jose»—an allusion to freeways’ decreasing neighborhood livability.^[6] Interstate 5 from California was completed the year before. Previously, the main route into Oregon from California was through twisty, two-lane Oregon Route 99.

Governor Tom McCall was interviewed by Terry Drinkwater and appeared on national television January 12, 1971, for his acclaimed conservation experience. Extemporaneously he said, «Come visit us again and again. But for heaven’s sake, don’t come here to live.»^[7] Soon, bumper stickers that discouraged migration to Oregon were widely seen: «The famous radioactive vapors of the Columbia River will get you!», and «Oregonians don’t tan; they rust». The banner «Don’t Californicate Oregon» became the symbol of James Cloutier’s line of «Oregon Ungreeting Cards», which carried sentiments such as «Tom Lawson McCall, governor, on behalf of the citizens of the great state of Oregon, cordially invites you to visit… Washington or California or Idaho or Nevada or Afghanistan».^[7]

Colorado

On November 7, 1972, in a statewide referendum, Colorado voters rejected a bond issue to fund the hosting of the 1976 Winter Olympics. The venue for the games would have been spread over 150 miles (240 km), and was widely viewed as license for unbridled development. As part of the opposition to the bond, the slogan «Don’t Californicate Colorado» was coined, appearing on bumper stickers and placards across the state. This rejection by Colorado voters followed a trend in the western states to blame California-style «mindless development» for the urban growth problems experienced in states like Colorado, Montana, New Mexico and Oregon.^[4]

See also

• Urban sprawl

References