Import excel file access - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Note: Microsoft Access doesn’t support importing Excel data with an applied sensitivity label. As a workaround, you can remove the label before importing and then re-apply the label after importing. For more information, see Apply sensitivity labels to your files and email in Office.

This article shows you how to move your data from Excel to Access and convert your data to relational tables so that you can use Microsoft Excel and Access together. To summarize, Access is best for capturing, storing, querying, and sharing data, and Excel is best for calculating, analyzing, and visualizing data.

Two articles, Using Access or Excel to manage your data and Top 10 reasons to use Access with Excel, discuss which program is best suited for a particular task and how to use Excel and Access together to create a practical solution.

When you move data from Excel to Access, there are three basic steps to the process.

Note: For information on data modeling and relationships in Access, see Database design basics.

Step 1: Import data from Excel to Access

Importing data is an operation that can go a lot more smoothly if you take some time to prepare and clean your data. Importing data is like moving to a new home. If you clean out and organize your possessions before you move, settling into your new home is much easier.

Clean your data before you import

Before you import data into Access, in Excel it’s a good idea to:

Convert cells that contain non-atomic data (that is, multiple values in one cell) to multiple columns. For example, a cell in a «Skills» column that contains multiple skill values, such as «C# programming,» «VBA programming,» and «Web design» should be broken out to separate columns that each contain only one skill value.
Use the TRIM command to remove leading, trailing, and multiple embedded spaces.
Remove non-printing characters.
Find and fix spelling and punctuation errors.
Remove duplicate rows or duplicate fields.
Ensure that columns of data do not contain mixed formats, especially numbers formatted as text or dates formatted as numbers.

For more information, see the following Excel help topics:

Top ten ways to clean your data
Filter for unique values or remove duplicate values
Convert numbers stored as text to numbers
Convert dates stored as text to dates

Note: If your data cleaning needs are complex, or you don’t have the time or resources to automate the process on your own, you might consider using a third-party vendor. For more information, search for «data cleansing software» or «data quality» by your favorite search engine in your Web browser.

Choose the best data type when you import

During the import operation in Access, you want to make good choices so that you receive few (if any) conversion errors that will require manual intervention. The following table summarizes how Excel number formats and Access data types are converted when you import data from Excel to Access, and offers some tips on the best data types to choose in the Import Spreadsheet Wizard.

Excel number format	Access data type	Comments	Best practice
Text	Text, Memo	The Access Text data type stores alphanumeric data up to 255 characters. The Access Memo data type stores alphanumeric data up to 65,535 characters.	Choose Memo to avoid truncating any data.
Number, Percentage, Fraction, Scientific	Number	Access has one Number data type that varies based on a Field Size property (Byte, Integer, Long Integer, Single, Double, Decimal).	Choose Double to avoid any data conversion errors.
Date	Date	Access and Excel both use the same serial date number to store dates. In Access, the date range is larger: from -657,434 (January 1, 100 A.D.) to 2,958,465 (December 31, 9999 A.D.). Because Access does not recognize the 1904 date system (used in Excel for the Macintosh), you need to convert the dates either in Excel or Access to avoid confusion. For more information, see Change the date system, format, or two-digit year interpretation and Import or link to data in an Excel workbook.	Choose Date.
Time	Time	Access and Excel both store time values by using the same data type.	Choose Time, which is usually the default.
Currency, Accounting	Currency	In Access, the Currency data type stores data as 8-byte numbers with precision to four decimal places, and is used to store financial data and prevent rounding of values.	Choose Currency, which is usually the default.
Boolean	Yes/No	Access uses -1 for all Yes values and 0 for all No values, whereas Excel uses 1 for all TRUE values and 0 for all FALSE values.	Choose Yes/No, which automatically converts underlying values.
Hyperlink	Hyperlink	A hyperlink in Excel and Access contains a URL or Web address that you can click and follow.	Choose Hyperlink, otherwise Access may use the Text data type by default.

Once the data is in Access, you can delete the Excel data. Don’t forget to backup the original Excel workbook first before deleting it.

For more information, see the Access help topic Import or link to data in an Excel workbook.

Automatically append data the easy way

A common problem Excel users have is appending data with the same columns into one large worksheet. For example, you may have an asset tracking solution that started out in Excel but now has grown to include files from many workgroups and departments. This data may be in different worksheets and workbooks, or in text files that are data feeds from other systems. There is no user interface command or easy way to append similar data in Excel.

The best solution is to use Access, where you can easily import and append data into one table by using the Import Spreadsheet Wizard. Furthermore, you can append a lot of data into one table. You can save the import operations, add them as scheduled Microsoft Outlook tasks, and even use macros to automate the process.

Step 2: Normalize data by using the Table Analyzer Wizard

At first glance, stepping through the process of normalizing your data may seem a daunting task. Fortunately, normalizing tables in Access is a process that is much easier, thanks to the Table Analyzer Wizard.

1. Drag selected columns to a new table and automatically create relationships

2. Use button commands to rename a table, add a primary key, make an existing column a primary key, and undo the last action

You can use this wizard to do the following:

Convert a table into a set of smaller tables and automatically create a primary and foreign key relationship between the tables.
Add a primary key to an existing field that contains unique values, or create a new ID field that uses the AutoNumber data type.
Automatically create relationships to enforce referential integrity with cascading updates. Cascading deletes are not automatically added to prevent accidentally deleting data, but you can easily add cascading deletes later.
Search new tables for redundant or duplicate data (such as the same customer with two different phone numbers) and update this as desired.
Back up the original table and rename it by appending «_OLD» to its name. Then, you create a query that reconstructs the original table, with the original table name so that any existing forms or reports based on the original table will work with the new table structure.

For more information, see Normalize your data using the Table Analyzer.

Step 3: Connect to Access data from Excel

After the data has been normalized in Access and a query or table has been created that reconstructs the original data, it’s a simple matter of connecting to the Access data from Excel. Your data is now in Access as an external data source, and so can be connected to the workbook through a data connection, which is a container of information that is used to locate, log on to, and access the external data source. Connection information is stored in the workbook and can also be stored in a connection file, such as an Office Data Connection (ODC) file (.odc file name extension) or a Data Source Name file (.dsn extension). After you connect to external data, you can also automatically refresh (or update) your Excel workbook from Access whenever the data is updated in Access.

For more information, see Import data from external data sources (Power Query).

Get your data into Access

This section walks you through the following phases of normalizing your data: Breaking values in the Salesperson and Address columns into their most atomic pieces, separating related subjects into their own tables, copying and pasting those tables from Excel into Access, creating key relationships between the newly created Access tables, and creating and running a simple query in Access to return information.

Example data in non-normalized form

The following worksheet contains non-atomic values in the Salesperson column and the Address column. Both columns should be split into two or more separate columns. This worksheet also contains information about salespersons, products, customers, and orders. This information should also be split further, by subject, into separate tables.

Salesperson	Order ID	Order Date	Product ID	Qty	Price	Customer Name	Address	Phone
Li, Yale	2349	3/4/09	C-789	3	$7.00	Fourth Coffee	7007 Cornell St Redmond, WA 98199	425-555-0201
Li, Yale	2349	3/4/09	C-795	6	$9.75	Fourth Coffee	7007 Cornell St Redmond, WA 98199	425-555-0201
Adams, Ellen	2350	3/4/09	A-2275	2	$16.75	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle Kirkland, WA 98234	425-555-0185
Adams, Ellen	2350	3/4/09	F-198	6	$5.25	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle Kirkland, WA 98234	425-555-0185
Adams, Ellen	2350	3/4/09	B-205	1	$4.50	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle Kirkland, WA 98234	425-555-0185
Hance, Jim	2351	3/4/09	C-795	6	$9.75	Contoso, Ltd.	2302 Harvard Ave Bellevue, WA 98227	425-555-0222
Hance, Jim	2352	3/5/09	A-2275	2	$16.75	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle Kirkland, WA 98234	425-555-0185
Hance, Jim	2352	3/5/09	D-4420	3	$7.25	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle Kirkland, WA 98234	425-555-0185
Koch, Reed	2353	3/7/09	A-2275	6	$16.75	Fourth Coffee	7007 Cornell St Redmond, WA 98199	425-555-0201
Koch, Reed	2353	3/7/09	C-789	5	$7.00	Fourth Coffee	7007 Cornell St Redmond, WA 98199	425-555-0201

Information in its smallest parts: atomic data

Working with the data in this example, you can use the Text to Column command in Excel to separate the «atomic» parts of a cell (such as street address, city, state, and postal code) into discrete columns.

The following table shows the new columns in the same worksheet after they have been split to make all values atomic. Note that the information in the Salesperson column has been split into Last Name and the First Name columns and that the information in the Address column has been split into Street Address, City, State, and ZIP Code columns. This data is in «first normal form.»

Last Name	First Name	Street Address	City	State	ZIP Code
Li	Yale	2302 Harvard Ave	Bellevue	WA	98227
Adams	Ellen	1025 Columbia Circle	Kirkland	WA	98234
Hance	Jim	2302 Harvard Ave	Bellevue	WA	98227
Koch	Reed	7007 Cornell St Redmond	Redmond	WA	98199

Breaking data out into organized subjects in Excel

The several tables of example data that follow show the same information from the Excel worksheet after it has been split into tables for salespersons, products, customers, and orders. The table design isn’t final, but it’s on the right track.

The Salespersons table contains only information about sales personnel. Note that each record has a unique ID (SalesPerson ID). The SalesPerson ID value will be used in the Orders table to connect orders to salespeople.

Salespersons
Salesperson ID	Last Name	First Name
101	Li	Yale
103	Adams	Ellen
105	Hance	Jim
107	Koch	Reed

The Products table contains only information about products. Note that each record has a unique ID (Product ID). The Product ID value will be used to connect product information to the Order Details table.

Products
Product ID	Price
A-2275	16.75
B-205	4.50
C-789	7.00
C-795	9.75
D-4420	7.25
F-198	5.25

The Customers table contains only information about customers. Note that each record has a unique ID (Customer ID). The Customer ID value will be used to connect customer information to the Orders table.

Customers
Customer ID	Name	Street Address	City	State	ZIP Code	Phone
1001	Contoso, Ltd.	2302 Harvard Ave	Bellevue	WA	98227	425-555-0222
1003	Adventure Works	1025 Columbia Circle	Kirkland	WA	98234	425-555-0185
1005	Fourth Coffee	7007 Cornell St	Redmond	WA	98199	425-555-0201

The Orders table contains information about orders, salespersons, customers, and products. Note that each record has a unique ID (Order ID). Some of the information in this table needs to be split into an additional table that contains order details so that the Orders table contains only four columns — the unique order ID, the order date, the salesperson ID, and the customer ID. The table shown here has not yet been split into the Order Details table.

Orders
Order ID	Order Date	SalesPerson ID	Customer ID	Product ID	Qty
2349	3/4/09	101	1005	C-789	3
2349	3/4/09	101	1005	C-795	6
2350	3/4/09	103	1003	A-2275	2
2350	3/4/09	103	1003	F-198	6
2350	3/4/09	103	1003	B-205	1
2351	3/4/09	105	1001	C-795	6
2352	3/5/09	105	1003	A-2275	2
2352	3/5/09	105	1003	D-4420	3
2353	3/7/09	107	1005	A-2275	6
2353	3/7/09	107	1005	C-789	5

Order details, such as the product ID and quantity are moved out of the Orders table and stored in a table named Order Details. Keep in mind that there are 9 orders, so it makes sense that there are 9 records in this table. Note that the Orders table has a unique ID (Order ID), which will referred to from the Order Details table.

The final design of the Orders table should look like the following:

Orders
Order ID	Order Date	SalesPerson ID	Customer ID
2349	3/4/09	101	1005
2350	3/4/09	103	1003
2351	3/4/09	105	1001
2352	3/5/09	105	1003
2353	3/7/09	107	1005

The Order Details table contains no columns that require unique values (that is, there is no primary key), so it is okay for any or all columns to contain «redundant» data. However, no two records in this table should be completely identical (this rule applies to any table in a database). In this table, there should be 17 records — each corresponding to a product in an individual order. For example, in order 2349, three C-789 products comprise one of the two parts of the entire order.

The Order Details table should, therefore, look like the following:

Order Details
Order ID	Product ID	Qty
2349	C-789	3
2349	C-795	6
2350	A-2275	2
2350	F-198	6
2350	B-205	1
2351	C-795	6
2352	A-2275	2
2352	D-4420	3
2353	A-2275	6
2353	C-789	5

Copying and pasting data from Excel into Access

Now that the information about salespersons, customers, products, orders, and order details has been broken out into separate subjects in Excel, you can copy that data directly into Access, where it will become tables.

Creating relationships between the Access tables and running a query

After you have moved your data to Access, you can create relationships between tables and then create queries to return information about various subjects. For example, you can create a query that returns the Order ID and the names of the salespersons for orders entered between 3/05/09 and 3/08/09.

In addition, you can create forms and reports to make data entry and sales analysis easier.

Need more help?

You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in the Answers community.

Источник

You can bring the data from an Excel workbook into Access databases in many ways. You can copy data from an open worksheet and paste it into an Access datasheet, import a worksheet into a new or existing table, or link to a worksheet from an Access database.

This topic explains in detail how to import or link to Excel data from Access desktop databases.

What do you want to do?

Understand importing data from Excel
Import data from Excel
Troubleshoot missing or incorrect values
Link to data in Excel
Troubleshoot #Num! and other incorrect values in a linked table

Understand importing data from Excel

If your goal is to store some or all of your data from one or more Excel worksheets in Access, you should import the contents of the worksheet into a new or existing Access database. When you import data, Access creates a copy of the data in a new or existing table without altering the source Excel worksheet.

Common scenarios for importing Excel data into Access

You are a long-time user of Excel but, going forward, you want to use Access to work with this data. You want to move the data in your Excel worksheets into one or more new Access databases.
Your department or workgroup uses Access, but you occasionally receive data in Excel format that must be merged with your Access databases. You want to import these Excel worksheets into your database as you receive them.
You use Access to manage your data, but the weekly reports you receive from the rest of your team are Excel workbooks. You would like to streamline the import process to ensure that data is imported every week at a specific time into your database.

If this is the first time you are importing data from Excel

There is no way to save an Excel workbook as an Access database. Excel does not provide functionality to create an Access database from Excel data.
When you open an Excel workbook in Access (in the File Open dialog box, change the Files of Type list box to Microsoft Office Excel Files and select the file you want), Access creates a link to the workbook instead of importing its data. Linking to a workbook is fundamentally different from importing a worksheet into a database. For more information about linking, see the section Link to data in Excel, later in this article.

Import data from Excel

The steps in this section explain how to prepare for and run an import operation, and how to save the import settings as a specification for later reuse. As you proceed, remember that you can import data from only one worksheet at a time. You cannot import all the data from a whole workbook at the same time.

Prepare the worksheet

Locate the source file and select the worksheet that contains the data that you want to import to Access. If you want to import only a portion of a worksheet, you can define a named range that includes only the cells that you want to import.

Define a named range (optional)
1. Switch to Excel and open the worksheet that has data that you want to import.
2. Select the range of cells that contain the data that you want to import.
3. Right-click within the selected range and then click Name a Range or Define Name.
4. In the New Name dialog box, specify a name for the range in the Name box and click OK.
  
  Remember that you can import only one worksheet at a time during an import operation. To import data from multiple worksheets, repeat the import operation for each worksheet.

Review the source data and take action as described in this table.

Element	Description
Number of columns	The number of source columns that you want to import cannot exceed 255, because Access does not support more than 255 fields in a table.
Skipping columns and rows	It is a good practice to include only the rows and columns that you want to import in the source worksheet or named range. Rows You cannot filter or skip rows during the import operation. Columns You cannot skip columns during the operation if you choose to add the data to an existing table.
Tabular format	Ensure that the cells are in tabular format. If the worksheet or named range includes merged cells, the contents of the cell are placed in the field that corresponds to the leftmost column, and the other fields are left blank.
Blank columns, rows, and cells	Delete all unnecessary blank columns and blank rows in the worksheet or range. If the worksheet or range contains blank cells, try to add the missing data. If you are planning to append the records to an existing table, ensure that the corresponding field in the table accepts null (missing or unknown) values. A field will accept null values if its Required field property is set to No and its ValidationRule property setting doesn’t prevent null values.
Error values	If one or more cells in the worksheet or range contain error values, such as #NUM and #DIV, correct them before you start the import operation. If a source worksheet or range contains error values, Access places a null value in the corresponding fields in the table. For more information about ways to correct those errors, see the section Troubleshoot missing or incorrect values, later in this article.
Data type	To avoid errors during importing, ensure that each source column contains the same type of data in every row. Access scans the first eight source rows to determine the data type of the fields in the table. We highly recommend that you ensure that the first eight source rows do not mix values of different data types in any of the columns. Otherwise, Access might not assign the correct data type to the column. Also, it is a good practice to format each source column in Excel and assign a specific data format to each column before you start the import operation. Formatting is highly recommended if a column includes values of different data types. For example, the FlightNo column in a worksheet might contain numeric and text values, such as 871, AA90, and 171. To avoid missing or incorrect values, do the following: Right-click the column header and then click Format Cells. On the Number tab, under Category, select a format. For the FlightNo column, you would probably choose Text. Click OK. If the source columns are formatted, but still contain mixed values in the rows following the eighth row, the import operation might still skip values or convert values incorrectly. For troubleshooting information, see the section Troubleshoot missing or incorrect values.
First row	If the first row in the worksheet or named range contains the names of the columns, you can specify that Access treat the data in the first row as field names during the import operation. If your source worksheet or range doesn’t include the names, it is a good idea to add them to the source before you start the import operation. Note: If you plan to append the data to an existing table, ensure that the name of each column exactly matches the name of the corresponding field. If the name of a column is different from the name of the corresponding field in the table, the import operation will fail. To see the names of the fields, open the table in Design view in Access.

Close the source workbook, if it is open. Keeping the source file open might result in data conversion errors during the import operation.

Prepare the destination database

Open the Access database where the imported data will be stored. Ensure that the database is not read-only, and that you have permissions to make changes to the database.

-or-

If you don’t want to store the data in any of your existing databases, create a blank database. To do so:

Click the File tab, click New, and then click Blank Database.
Before you start the import operation, decide whether you want to store the data in a new or existing table.

Create a new table If you choose to store the data in a new table, Access creates a table and adds the imported data to this table. If a table with the specified name already exists, Access overwrites the contents of the table with the imported data.

Append to an existing table If you choose to add the data to an existing table, the rows in the Excel worksheet are appended to the specified table.

Remember that most failures during append operations occur because the source data does not match the structure and field settings of the destination table. To avoid this, open the destination table in Design view and review the following:
- First row If the first row of the source worksheet or named range does not contain column headings, ensure that the position and data type of each column in the source worksheet matches those of the corresponding field in the table. If the first row contains column headings, the order of columns and fields do not need to match, but the name and data type of each column must exactly match those of its corresponding field.
- Missing or extra fields If one or more fields in the source worksheet do not exist in the destination table, add them before you start the import operation. However, if the table contains fields that don’t exist in the source, you do not need to delete those fields from the table if they accept null values.
  
  Tip: A field will accept null values if its Required property is set to No and its ValidationRule property setting doesn’t prevent null values.
- Primary key If the table contains a primary key field, the source worksheet or range must have a column that contains values that are compatible with the primary key field, and the imported key values must be unique. If an imported record contains a primary key value that already exists in the destination table, the import operation displays an error message.
- Indexed fields If the Indexed property of a field in the table is set to Yes (No Duplicates), the corresponding column in the source worksheet or range must contain unique values.
  
  Go to the next steps to run the import operation.

Start the import operation

The location of the import/link wizard differs slightly depending upon your version of Access. Choose the steps that match your Access version:
- If you’re using the latest version of the Microsoft 365 subscription version of Access or Access 2019, on the External Data tab, in the Import & Link group, click New Data Source > From File > Excel.
- If you’re using Access 2016, Access 2013, or Access 2010, on the External Data tab, in the Import & Link group, click Excel.
Note: The External Data tab is not available unless a database is open.
In the Get External Data — Excel Spreadsheet dialog box, in the File name box, specify the name of the Excel file that contains the data that you want to import.

-or-

Click Browse and use the File Open dialog box to locate the file that you want to import.
Specify how you want to store the imported data.

To store the data in a new table, select Import the source data into a new table in the current database. You will be prompted to name this table later.

To append the data to an existing table, select Append a copy of the records to the table and select a table from the drop-down list. This option is not available if the database has no tables.

To link to the data source by creating a linked table, see the section Link to data in Excel, later in this article.
Click OK.

The Import Spreadsheet Wizard starts, and leads you through the import process. Go to the next set of steps.

Use the Import Spreadsheet wizard

On the first page of the wizard, select the worksheet that contains the data that you want to import, and then click Next.
On the second page of the wizard, click either Show Worksheets or Show Named Ranges, select either the worksheet or the named range that you want to import, and then click Next.
If the first row of the source worksheet or range contains the field names, select First Row Contains Column Headings and click Next.

If you are importing the data into a new table, Access uses these column headings to name the fields in the table. You can change these names either during or after the import operation. If you are appending the data to an existing table, ensure that the column headings in the source worksheet exactly match the names of the fields in the destination table.

If you are appending data to an existing table, skip directly to step 6. If you are adding the data to a new table, follow the remaining steps.
The wizard prompts you to review the field properties. Click a column in the lower half of the page to display the corresponding field’s properties. Optionally, do any of the following:
- Review and change, if you want, the name and data type of the destination field.
  
  Access reviews the first eight rows in each column to suggest the data type for the corresponding field. If the column in the worksheet contains different types of values, such as text and numbers, in the first eight rows of a column, the wizard suggests a data type that is compatible with all the values in the column — most often, the text data type. Although you can choose a different data type, remember that values that are incompatible with the data type that you choose will be either ignored or converted incorrectly during the import process. For more information about how to correct missing or incorrect values, see the section Troubleshoot missing or incorrect values, later in this article.
- To create an index on the field, set Indexed to Yes.
- To completely skip a source column, select the Do not import field (Skip) check box.
  
  Click Next after you finish selecting options.
In the next screen, specify a primary key for the table. If you select Let Access add primary key, Access adds an AutoNumber field as the first field in the destination table, and automatically populates it with unique ID values, starting with 1. Click Next.
In the final wizard screen, specify a name for the destination table. In the Import to Table box, type a name for the table. If the table already exists, Access displays a prompt that asks whether you want to overwrite the existing contents of the table. Click Yes to continue or No to specify a different name for the destination table, and then click Finish to import the data.

If Access was able to import some or all the data, the wizard displays a page that shows you the status of the import operation. In addition, you can save the details of the operation for future use as a specification. Conversely, if the operation completely failed, Access displays the message An error occurred trying to import file.
Click Yes to save the details of the operation for future use. Saving the details helps you repeat the operation at a later time without having to step through the wizard each time.

See Save the details of an import or export operation as a specification to learn how to save your save your specification details.

See Run a saved import or export specification to learn how to run your saved import or link specifications.

See Schedule an import or export specification to learn how to schedule import and link tasks to run at specific times.

Troubleshoot missing or incorrect values

If you receive the message An error occurred trying to import file, the import operation completely failed. Conversely, if the import operation displays a dialog box that prompts you to save the details of the operation, the operation was able to import all or some of the data. The status message also mentions the name of the error log table that contains the description of any errors that occurred during the import operation.

Important: Even if the status message indicates a completely successful operation, you should review the contents and structure of the table to ensure that everything looks correct before you start using the table.

Open the destination table in Datasheet view to see whether all data was added to the table.
Open the table in Design view to review the data type and other property settings of the fields.

The following table describes the steps that you can take to correct missing or incorrect values.

Tip: While you are troubleshooting the results, if you find just a few missing values, you can add them to the table manually. Conversely, if you find that entire columns or a large number of values are either missing or were not imported properly, you should correct the problem in the source file. After you have corrected all known problems, repeat the import operation.

Issue

Resolution

Graphical elements

Graphical elements, such as logos, charts, and pictures cannot be imported. Manually add them to the database after completing the import operation.

Calculated values

The results of a calculated column or cells are imported, but not the underlying formula. During the import operation, you can specify a data type that is compatible with the formula results, such as Number.

TRUE or FALSE and -1 or 0 values

If the source worksheet or range includes a column that contains only TRUE or FALSE values, Access creates a Yes/No field for the column and inserts -1 or 0 values in the field. However, if the source worksheet or range includes a column that contains only -1 or 0 values, Access, by default, creates a numeric field for the column. You can change the data type of the field to Yes/No during the import operation to avoid this problem.

Multivalued fields

When you import data to a new table or append data to an existing table, Access does not enable support for multiple values in a field, even if the source column contains a list of values separated by semicolon (;). The list of values is treated as a single value and is placed in a text field.

Truncated data

If data appears truncated in a column in the Access table, try increasing the width of the column in Datasheet view. If that doesn’t resolve the issue, the data in a numeric column in Excel is too large for the field size of the destination field in Access. For example, the destination field might have the FieldSize property set to Byte in an Access database but the source data contains a value greater than 255. Correct the values in the source file and try importing again.

Display format

You might have to set the Format property of certain fields in design view to ensure that the values are displayed correctly in Datasheet view. For example:

A Yes/No field displays -1 and 0 in Datasheet view after the import operation is completed. To fix this, after the import operation is complete, set the field’s Format property to Yes/No to display check boxes instead.
Long and medium dates might appear as short dates in Access. To fix this, open the destination table in Design view in Access and set the date field’s Format property to Long Date or Medium Date.

Note: If the source worksheet contains rich text formatting such as bold, underline, or italics, the text is imported, but the formatting is lost.

Duplicate values (key violation error)

Records that you are importing might contain duplicate values that cannot be stored in the primary key field of the destination table or in a field that has the Indexed property set to Yes (No Duplicates). Eliminate the duplicate values in the source file and try importing again.

Date values off by 4 years

The date fields that are imported from an Excel worksheet might be off by four years. Excel for Windows can use two date systems:

The 1904 Date System (in which serial numbers range from 0 to 63,918), which correspond to the dates January 1, 1904 through December 31, 2078.
The 1900 Date System (in which serial numbers range from 1 to 65,380), which correspond to the dates January 1, 1900 through December 31, 2078.

You can set the date system in Excel Options: File > Options > Advanced > Use 1904 date system.

Note If you import from a .xlsb workbook, it always uses the 1900 Date System regardless of the Date System setting.

Before you import the data, change the date system for the Excel workbook or, after appending the data, perform an update query that uses the expression [date field name] + 1462 to correct the dates.

Excel for the Macintosh only uses the 1904 Date System.

Null values

You might see an error message at the end of the import operation about data that was deleted or lost during the operation, or when you open the table in Datasheet view, you might see that some field values are blank. If the source columns in Excel are not formatted, or the first eight source rows contain values of different data types, open the source worksheet and do the following:

Format the source columns.
Move the rows so that the first eight rows in each column do not contain values of different data types.
During the import operation, select the appropriate data type for each field. If the data type is incorrect, you might see null values or incorrect values in the entire column after the import operation has completed.

The preceding steps can help minimize the appearance of null values. The following table lists cases in which you will still see null values:

The values that are missing are of type…	When importing to…	And the destination field type is…	To resolve…
Text	A new table	Date	Replace all text values with date values and then try importing again.
Text	An existing table	Numeric or Date	Replace all text values with values that match the data type of the destination field and then try importing again.

Date values replaced by numeric values

You will see seemingly random five-digit numbers instead of the actual date values in the following situations:

The source column in the worksheet contains only numeric values in the first eight rows, but contains some date values in the subsequent rows. These date values will be converted incorrectly.
The source column contains date values in some of the first eight rows, and you attempted to import it into a numeric field. These date values will be converted incorrectly.

To avoid this, replace the date values with numeric values in the source column and try importing again.

Sometimes, if a column that contains mostly date values also contains several text values, all the date values might appear as seemingly random five-digit numbers. To avoid this, replace the text values with date values and then try importing again.

Numeric values replaced by date values

You will see seemingly random date values instead of the actual numeric values in the following situations:

The source column contains only date values in the first eight rows, but contains some numeric values in the subsequent rows. These numeric values will be converted incorrectly.
The source column contains numeric values in some of the first eight rows, and you attempted to import it into a date field. These numeric values will be converted incorrectly.

To avoid this, replace the numeric values with date values in the source column and then try importing again.

In addition, you might want to review the error log table (mentioned in the last page of the wizard) in Datasheet view. The table has three fields — Error, Field, and Row. Each row contains information about a specific error, and the contents of the Error field should help you troubleshoot the problem.

Error strings and troubleshooting hints

Error	Description
Field Truncation	A value in the file is too large for the FieldSize property setting for this field.
Type Conversion Failure	A value in the worksheet is the wrong data type for this field. The value might be missing or might appear incorrect in the destination field. See the previous table for more information how to troubleshoot this issue.
Key Violation	This record’s primary key value is a duplicate — it already exists in the table.
Validation Rule Failure	A value breaks the rule set by using the ValidationRule property for this field or for the table.
Null in Required Field	A null value isn’t allowed in this field because the Required property for the field is set to Yes.
Null value in AutoNumber field	The data that you are importing contains a Null value that you attempted to append to an AutoNumber field.
Unparsable Record	A text value contains the text delimiter character (usually double quotation marks). Whenever a value contains the delimiter character, the character must be repeated twice in the text file; for example: 4 1/2″» diameter

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Link to data in Excel

By linking an Access database to data in another program, you can use the querying and reporting tools that Access provides without having to maintain a copy of the Excel data in your database.

When you link to an Excel worksheet or a named range, Access creates a new table that is linked to the source cells. Any changes that you make to the source cells in Excel appear in the linked table. However, you cannot edit the contents of the corresponding table in Access. If you want to add, edit, or delete data, you must make the changes in the source file.

Common scenarios for linking to an Excel worksheet from within Access

Typically, you link to an Excel worksheet (instead of importing) for the following reasons:

You want to continue to keep your data in Excel worksheets, but be able to use the powerful querying and reporting features of Access.
Your department or workgroup uses Access, but data from external sources that you work with is in Excel worksheets. You don’t want to maintain copies of external data, but want to be able to work with it in Access.

If this is the first time you are linking to an Excel worksheet

You cannot create a link to an Access database from within Excel.
When you link to an Excel file, Access creates a new table, often referred to as a linked table. The table shows the data in the source worksheet or named range, but it doesn’t actually store the data in the database.
You cannot link Excel data to an existing table in the database. This means that you cannot append data to an existing table by performing a linking operation.
A database can contain multiple linked tables.
Any changes that you make to the data in Excel are automatically reflected in the linked table. However, the contents and structure of a linked table in Access are read-only.
When you open an Excel workbook in Access (in the File Open dialog box, change the Files of Type list box to Microsoft Excel, and select the file you want), Access creates a blank database and automatically starts the Link Spreadsheet Wizard.

Prepare the Excel data

Locate the Excel file and the worksheet or range that has the data you want to link to. If you don’t want to link to the entire worksheet, consider defining a named range that includes only the cells you want to link to.

Create a named range in Excel (optional – useful if you only want to link to some of the worksheet data)
1. Switch to Excel and display the worksheet in which you want to define a named range.
2. Select the range of cells that contain the data you want to link to.
3. Right-click within the selected range and click Name a Range or Define Name.
4. In the New Name dialog box, specify a name for the range in the Name box and then click OK.
  
  Note that you can link to only one worksheet or range at a time during a link operation. To link to data in multiple places in a workbook, repeat the link operation for each worksheet or range.

Review the source data, and take action as described in the following table:

Element	Description
Tabular format	Ensure that the cells are in tabular format. If the range includes merged cells, the contents of the cell are placed in the field that corresponds to the leftmost column and the other fields are left blank.
Skipping columns and rows	You cannot skip source columns and rows during the linking operation. However, you can hide fields and filter records by opening the linked table in Datasheet view after you have imported them into Access.
Number of columns	The number of source columns cannot exceed 255, because Access does not support more than 255 fields in a table.
Blank columns, rows, and cells	Delete all unnecessary blank columns and blank rows in the Excel worksheet or range. If there are blank cells, try to add the missing data.
Error values	If one or more cells in a worksheet or range contain error values, correct them before you start the import operation. Note that if a source worksheet or range contains error values, Access inserts a null value in the corresponding fields in the table.
Data type	You cannot change the data type or size of the fields in the linked table. Before you start the linking operation, you must verify that each column contains data of a specific type. We highly recommend that you format a column if it includes values of different data types. For example, the FlightNo column in a worksheet might contain numeric and text values, such as 871, AA90, and 171. To avoid missing or incorrect values, do the following: Right-click the column and then click Format Cells. On the Number tab, under Category, select a format. Click OK.
First row	If the first row in the worksheet or named range contains the names of the columns, you can specify that Access should treat the data in the first row as field names during the link operation. If there are no column names in the worksheet, or if a specific column name violates the field naming rules in Access, Access assigns a valid name to each corresponding field.

Close the source file, if it is open.

Prepare the destination database

Open the database in which you want to create the link. Ensure that the database is not read-only and that you have the necessary permissions to make changes to it.
If you don’t want to store the link in any of your existing databases, create a blank database: Click the File tab, click New, and then click Blank Database. Note, if you’re using Access 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button and then click New.

You are now ready to start the linking operation.

Create the link

The location of the import/link wizard differs slightly depending upon your version of Access. Choose the steps that match your Access version:
- If you’re using the latest version of the Microsoft 365 subscription version of Access or Access 2019, on the External Data tab, in the Import & Link group, click New Data Source > From File > Excel.
- If you’re using Access 2016, Access 2013, or Access 2010, on the External Data tab, in the Import & Link group, click Excel.
Note: The External Data tab is not available unless a database is open.
In the Get External Data — Excel Spreadsheet dialog box, in the File name box, specify the name of the Excel source file.
Select Link to the data source by creating a linked table, and then click OK.

The Link Spreadsheet Wizard starts and guides you through the linking process.
On the first page of the wizard, select a worksheet or a named range and click Next.
If the first row of the source worksheet or range contains the field names, select First row contains column headings. Access uses these column headings to name the fields in the table. If a column name includes certain special characters, it cannot be used as a field name in Access. In such cases, an error message is displayed that tells you that Access will assign a valid name for the field. Click OK to continue.
On the final page of the wizard, specify a name for the linked table and then click Finish. If the table with the name you specify already exists, you are asked if you want to overwrite the existing table or query. Click Yes if you want to overwrite the table or query, or click No to specify a different name.

Access tries to create the linked table. If the operation succeeds, Access displays the Finished linking table message. Open the linked table and review the fields and data to ensure that you see the correct data in all the fields.

If you see error values or incorrect data, you must troubleshoot the source data. For more information about how to troubleshoot error values or incorrect values, see the next section.

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Troubleshoot #Num! and other incorrect values in a linked table

Even if you receive the message Finished linking table, you should open the table in Datasheet view to ensure that the rows and columns show the correct data.

If you see errors or incorrect data anywhere in the table, take correct action as described in the following table, and then try linking again. Remember that you cannot add the values directly to the linked table, because the table is read-only.

Issue	Resolution
Graphical elements	Graphical elements in an Excel worksheet, such as logos, charts, and pictures, cannot be linked to in Access.
Display format	You might have to set the Format property of certain fields in Design view to ensure that the values are displayed correctly in Datasheet view.
Calculated values	The results of a calculated column or cells are displayed in the corresponding field, but you cannot view the formula (or expression) in Access.
Truncated text values	Increase the width of the column in Datasheet view. If you still don’t see the entire value, it could be because the value is longer than 255 characters. Access can only link to the first 255 characters, so you should import the data instead of linking to it.
Numeric field overflow error message	The linked table might appear to be correct, but later, when you run a query against the table, you might see a Numeric Field Overflow error message. This can happen because of a conflict between the data type of a field in the linked table and the type of data that is stored in that field.
TRUE or FALSE and -1 or 0 values	If the source worksheet or range includes a column that contains only TRUE or FALSE values, Access creates a Yes/No field for the column in the linked table. However, if the source worksheet or range includes a column that contains only -1 or 0 values, Access, by default, creates a numeric field for the column, and you will not be able to change the data type of the corresponding field in the table. If you want a Yes/No field in the linked table, ensure that the source column includes TRUE and FALSE values.
Multivalued fields	Access does not enable support for multiple values in a field, even if the source column contains a list of values separated by semicolon (;). The list of values will be treated as a single value, and placed in a text field.
#Num!	Access displays the #Num! error value instead of the actual data in a field in the following situations: If a source column contains a few numeric or date values in a column that contains mostly text values, the numeric and date values are not imported. If a source column contains a few text values in a column that contains mostly numeric values, the text values are not imported. If a source column contains a few text values in a column that contains mostly date values, the text values are not imported. Do the following to minimize the instances of null values in the table: Ensure that the source column does not contain values of different data types. Format the columns in the Excel worksheet. During the linking operation, select the right data type for each field. If the data type is incorrect, the resulting column might contain only #Num! values for all the rows of data.
Numeric values instead of date values	If you see a seemingly random five-digit number in a field, check to see if the source column contains mostly numeric values but also includes a few date values. Date values that appear in numeric columns get incorrectly converted to a number. Replace the date values with numeric values and then try linking again.
Date values instead of numeric values	If you see a seemingly random date value in a field, check to see if the source column contains mostly date values but also includes a few numeric values. Numeric values that appear in date columns get incorrectly converted to a date. Replace the numeric values with date values and then try linking again.

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This tutorial will cover the ways to import data from Excel into an Access Table and ways to export Access objects (Queries, Reports, Tables, or Forms) to Excel.

Import Excel File Into Access

To import an Excel file to Access, use the acImport option of DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet :

DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acImport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel12, "Table1", "C:TempBook1.xlsx", True

Or you can use DoCmd.TransferText to import a CSV file:

DoCmd.TransferText acLinkDelim, , "Table1", "C:TempBook1.xlsx", True

Import Excel to Access Function

This function can be used to import an Excel file or CSV file into an Access Table:

Public Function ImportFile(Filename As String, HasFieldNames As Boolean, TableName As String) As Boolean
' Example usage: call ImportFile ("Select an Excel File",  "Excel Files", "*.xlsx",  "C:" , True,True, "ExcelImportTest", True, True,false,True)

    On Error GoTo err_handler
  
    If (Right(Filename, 3) = "xls") Or ((Right(Filename, 4) = "xlsx")) Then
                DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acImport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel12, TableName, Filename, blnHasFieldNames
            End If
    If (Right(Filename, 3) = "csv") Then
                DoCmd.TransferText acLinkDelim, , TableName, Filename, True
    End If
    
Exit_Thing:

    'Clean up
    'Check if our linked in Excel table already exists... and delete it if so
    If ObjectExists("Table", TableName) = True Then DropTable (TableName)
    Set colWorksheets = Nothing

    Exit Function
    
err_handler:
    If (Err.Number = 3086 Or Err.Number = 3274 Or Err.Number = 3073) And errCount < 3 Then
        errCount = errCount + 1

    ElseIf Err.Number = 3127 Then
        MsgBox "The fields in all the tabs are the same. Please make sure that each sheet has the exact column names if you wish to import mulitple", vbCritical, "MultiSheets not identical"
        ImportFile = False
        GoTo Exit_Thing
    Else
        MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description
        ImportFile = False
        GoTo Exit_Thing
        Resume
    End If
End Function

You can call the function like this:

Private Sub ImportFile_Example()
 Call VBA_Access_ImportExport.ImportFile("C:TempBook1.xlsx", True, "Imported_Table_1")
End Sub

Access VBA Export to New Excel File

To export an Access object to a new Excel file, use the DoCmd.OutputTo method or the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method:

Export Query to Excel

This line of VBA code will export a Query to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

DoCmd.OutputTo acOutputQuery, "Query1", acFormatXLSX, "c:tempExportedQuery.xls"

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acExport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel8, "Query1", "c:tempExportedQuery.xls", True

Note: This code exports to XLSX format. Instead you can update the arguments to export to a CSV or XLS file format instead (ex. acFormatXLSX to acFormatXLS).

Export Report to Excel

This line of code will export a Report to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

DoCmd.OutputTo acOutputReport, "Report1", acFormatXLSX, "c:tempExportedReport.xls"

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acExport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel8, "Report1", "c:tempExportedReport.xls", True

Export Table to Excel

This line of code will export a Table to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

DoCmd.OutputTo acOutputTable, "Table1", acFormatXLSX, "c:tempExportedTable.xls"

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acExport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel8, "Table1", "c:tempExportedTable.xls", True

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Export Form to Excel

This line of code will export a Form to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

DoCmd.OutputTo acOutputForm, "Form1", acFormatXLSX, "c:tempExportedForm.xls"

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet acExport, acSpreadsheetTypeExcel8, "Form1", "c:tempExportedForm.xls", True

Export to Excel Functions

These one line commands work great to export to a new Excel file. However, they will not be able to export into an existing workbook. In the section below we introduce functions that allow you to append your export to an existing Excel file.

Below that, we’ve included some additional functions to export to new Excel files, including error handling and more.

Export to Existing Excel File

The above code examples work great to export Access objects to a new Excel file. However, they will not be able to export into an existing workbook.

To export Access objects to an existing Excel workbook we’ve created the following function:

Public Function AppendToExcel(strObjectType As String, strObjectName As String, strSheetName As String, strFileName As String)

    Dim rst As DAO.Recordset
    Dim ApXL As Excel.Application
    Dim xlWBk As Excel.Workbook
    Dim xlWSh As Excel.Worksheet
    Dim intCount As Integer
    Const xlToRight As Long = -4161
    Const xlCenter As Long = -4108
    Const xlBottom As Long = -4107
    Const xlContinuous As Long = 1
      
    Select Case strObjectType

    Case "Table", "Query"
        Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(strObjectName, dbOpenDynaset, dbSeeChanges)
    Case "Form"
        Set rst = Forms(strObjectName).RecordsetClone
    Case "Report"
        Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(Reports(strObjectName).RecordSource, dbOpenDynaset, dbSeeChanges)
    End Select

    If rst.RecordCount = 0 Then
        MsgBox "No records to be exported.", vbInformation, GetDBTitle
    Else
        On Error Resume Next
        Set ApXL = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
        If Err.Number <> 0 Then
            Set ApXL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
        End If
        Err.Clear

        ApXL.Visible = False
        
        Set xlWBk = ApXL.Workbooks.Open(strFileName)
        Set xlWSh = xlWBk.Sheets.Add
        xlWSh.Name = Left(strSheetName, 31)

        
        xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
        Do Until intCount = rst.fields.Count
            ApXL.ActiveCell = rst.fields(intCount).Name
            ApXL.ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select
            intCount = intCount + 1
        Loop

        rst.MoveFirst
        
        xlWSh.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rst

        With ApXL
            .Range("A1").Select
            .Range(.Selection, .Selection.End(xlToRight)).Select
            .Selection.Interior.Pattern = xlSolid
            .Selection.Interior.PatternColorIndex = xlAutomatic
            .Selection.Interior.TintAndShade = -0.25
            .Selection.Interior.PatternTintAndShade = 0
            .Selection.Borders.LineStyle = xlNone
            .Selection.AutoFilter
            .Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            .Cells.EntireRow.AutoFit
            .Range("B2").Select
            .ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.Select
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.WrapText = False
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
            .Visible = True
        End With

        'xlWB.Close True
        'Set xlWB = Nothing
        'ApXL.Quit
        'Set ApXL = Nothing
    End If
End Function

You can use the function like this:

Private Sub AppendToExcel_Example()
    Call VBA_Access_ImportExport.ExportToExcel("Table", "Table1", "VBASheet", "C:TempTest.xlsx")
End Sub

Notice you are asked to define:

What to Output? Table, Report, Query, or Form
Object Name
Output Sheet Name
Output File Path and Name.

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Export SQL Query to Excel

Instead you can export an SQL query to Excel using a similar function:

Public Function AppendToExcelSQLStatemet(strsql As String, strSheetName As String, strFileName As String)
    Dim strQueryName As String
    Dim ApXL As Excel.Application
    Dim xlWBk As Excel.Workbook
    Dim xlWSh As Excel.Worksheet
    Dim intCount As Integer
    Const xlCenter As Long = -4108
    Const xlBottom As Long = -4107
    Const xlVAlignCenter = -4108
    Const xlContinuous As Long = 1
    Dim qdf As DAO.QueryDef
    Dim rst As DAO.Recordset
    
    strQueryName = "tmpQueryToExportToExcel"

    If ObjectExists("Query", strQueryName) Then
        CurrentDb.QueryDefs.Delete strQueryName
    End If
    Set qdf = CurrentDb.CreateQueryDef(strQueryName, strsql)
    Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(strQueryName, dbOpenDynaset)

    If rst.RecordCount = 0 Then
        MsgBox "No records to be exported.", vbInformation, GetDBTitle
    Else
        On Error Resume Next
        Set ApXL = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
        If Err.Number <> 0 Then
            Set ApXL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
        End If
        Err.Clear

        ApXL.Visible = False
        
        Set xlWBk = ApXL.Workbooks.Open(strFileName)
        Set xlWSh = xlWBk.Sheets.Add
        xlWSh.Name = Left(strSheetName, 31)

        
        xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
        Do Until intCount = rst.fields.Count
            ApXL.ActiveCell = rst.fields(intCount).Name
            ApXL.ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select
            intCount = intCount + 1
        Loop

        rst.MoveFirst
        
        xlWSh.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rst

        With ApXL
            .Range("A1").Select
            .Range(.Selection, .Selection.End(xlToRight)).Select
            .Selection.Interior.Pattern = xlSolid
            .Selection.Interior.PatternColorIndex = xlAutomatic
            .Selection.Interior.TintAndShade = -0.25
            .Selection.Interior.PatternTintAndShade = 0
            .Selection.Borders.LineStyle = xlNone
            .Selection.AutoFilter
            .Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            .Cells.EntireRow.AutoFit
            .Range("B2").Select
            .ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.Select
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.WrapText = False
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
            .Visible = True
        End With


        'xlWB.Close True
        'Set xlWB = Nothing
        'ApXL.Quit
        'Set ApXL = Nothing
    End If
End Function

Called like this:

Private Sub AppendToExcelSQLStatemet_Example()
    Call VBA_Access_ImportExport.ExportToExcel("SELECT * FROM Table1", "VBASheet", "C:TempTest.xlsx")
End Sub

Where you are asked to input:

SQL Query
Output Sheet Name
Output File Path and Name.

Function to Export to New Excel File

These functions allow you to export Access objects to a new Excel workbook. You might find them more useful than the simple single lines at the top of the document.

Public Function ExportToExcel(strObjectType As String, strObjectName As String, Optional strSheetName As String, Optional strFileName As String)

    Dim rst As DAO.Recordset
    Dim ApXL As Object
    Dim xlWBk As Object
    Dim xlWSh As Object
    Dim intCount As Integer
    Const xlToRight As Long = -4161
    Const xlCenter As Long = -4108
    Const xlBottom As Long = -4107
    Const xlContinuous As Long = 1

    On Error GoTo ExportToExcel_Err
    DoCmd.Hourglass True

    Select Case strObjectType

    Case "Table", "Query"
        Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(strObjectName, dbOpenDynaset, dbSeeChanges)
    Case "Form"
        Set rst = Forms(strObjectName).RecordsetClone
    Case "Report"
        Set rst = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(Reports(strObjectName).RecordSource, dbOpenDynaset, dbSeeChanges)
    End Select

    If rst.RecordCount = 0 Then
        MsgBox "No records to be exported.", vbInformation, GetDBTitle
        DoCmd.Hourglass False
    Else
        On Error Resume Next
        Set ApXL = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
        If Err.Number <> 0 Then
            Set ApXL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
        End If
        Err.Clear
        On Error GoTo ExportToExcel_Err

        Set xlWBk = ApXL.Workbooks.Add
        ApXL.Visible = False

        Set xlWSh = xlWBk.Worksheets("Sheet1")
        If Len(strSheetName) > 0 Then
            xlWSh.Name = Left(strSheetName, 31)
        End If

        xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
        Do Until intCount = rst.fields.Count
            ApXL.ActiveCell = rst.fields(intCount).Name
            ApXL.ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select
            intCount = intCount + 1
        Loop

        rst.MoveFirst
        
        xlWSh.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rst

        With ApXL
            .Range("A1").Select
            .Range(.Selection, .Selection.End(xlToRight)).Select
            .Selection.Interior.Pattern = xlSolid
            .Selection.Interior.PatternColorIndex = xlAutomatic
            .Selection.Interior.TintAndShade = -0.25
            .Selection.Interior.PatternTintAndShade = 0
            .Selection.Borders.LineStyle = xlNone
            .Selection.AutoFilter
            .Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            .Cells.EntireRow.AutoFit
            .Range("B2").Select
            .ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.Select
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.WrapText = False
            .ActiveSheet.Cells.EntireColumn.AutoFit
            xlWSh.Range("A1").Select
            .Visible = True
        End With

retry:
        If FileExists(strFileName) Then
            Kill strFileName
        End If
        If strFileName <> "" Then
            xlWBk.SaveAs strFileName, FileFormat:=56
        End If
        
        rst.Close
        Set rst = Nothing
        DoCmd.Hourglass False
    End If

ExportToExcel_Exit:
    DoCmd.Hourglass False
    Exit Function

ExportToExcel_Err:
    DoCmd.SetWarnings True
    MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, Err.Number
    DoCmd.Hourglass False
    Resume ExportToExcel_Exit

End Function

The function can be called like this:

Private Sub ExportToExcel_Example()
 Call VBA_Access_ImportExport.ExportToExcel("Table", "Table1", "VBASheet")
End Sub

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Access is a relational database manager that allows you to import one or multiple Excel databases into its system so you can match common fields between or among them. Because a single Access file can contain multiple Excel spreadsheets, the program is also a great way to aggregate or analyze large amounts of information. First, though, you need to import the Excel spreadsheet into Access. This only requires a few key steps.

Things You Should Know

Before you import your spreadsheet into Access, make sure you have clear column headers in the first row so they can easily translate to field names.
Scan multi-page workbooks to make sure each type of data is handled the same way across all sheets.
The Access import wizard makes it easy to import your data in a way that Access can understand.

1
Open both programs on your computer. You will need to purchase and download a Microsoft Office package that includes both Excel^[1] and Access. You can do this online through the Microsoft site.
- Once the programs are downloaded, click «Start» in Windows and select «All Programs.»^[2]
- Click on «Microsoft Office,» and then select «Access» (or «Excel») from the drop-down menu. You may already have an Excel spreadsheet created that someone else sent you or that you downloaded from elsewhere. Having Office on your computer allows you to open it.
2
Clean up your Excel spreadsheet before importing it into Access. It will make it easier if you do a few simple steps before you import the Excel spreadsheet into Access. The key is that your data must be consistent between imported spreadsheets.^[3]
- It’s a good idea to make sure that the first row in the Excel spreadsheet contains your column headers (or field names), and that these are very clear and easy to understand.^[4] For example, for a column containing people’s last names, you may want to call the column header/field name «last name.» Be clear and precise because it will make it easier when you try to match column headers in one Excel sheet with another.
- Access allows you to link common fields between two or among many spreadsheets. Let’s say you have an Excel sheet that contains payroll information. It includes people’s first and last names, addresses, and salaries. Let’s say for the sake of argument that you want to match that sheet within Access to a second Excel sheet that contains information about campaign finance contributions. This second sheet contains people’s names, addresses, and donations. What Access allows you to do is to match different column headers with one another. You could link name headers to see which people of the same name appear in both databases, for example.
- Scan the Excel sheets to make sure that each type of data is handled the same way, and clean it up before importing it into Access.^[5] It must be what Access calls «relational.» For example, if the hypothetical spreadsheet for payroll contained first name, last name and middle initial in one column, but the second spreadsheet contained only first name and last name in separate columns, Access will register this as no match. There needs to be matching column headers/fields.
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3
Split information within a column in Excel. To take care of this issue, you may want to split information in a column within Excel, so that it doesn’t erroneously register as a «no match» in Access.
- As an example, you may want to split the first name into its own column, the middle initial into its own column, and the last name into its own column. If it’s already done the same way in the second spreadsheet, when you link, say, last name with last name in Access, it should generate matches when the names are the same.
- To split a column in Excel, highlight the column that has information you want to split in it. Click on «data»in the toolbar within the Excel program. Click on «text to columns.» Generally, you will choose the option «delimited.» Click next.
4
Continue using the wizard to split merged columns. Now you are ready to complete the process of splitting merged information in one column into multiple columns.
- Choose how the data within the column is «delimited.» This means that each piece of information in the column is separated by something. Most common choices include a space, a comma, or a semi-colon. Often the information is just separated by a space. As in the following example: let’s say the name «John A. Doe» appears in a single column. The first name John is separated from the middle initial A by a space. The last name Doe is separated from the middle initial A by a space. So choose space in the delimited wizard.
- Click next. Click finish. The program should split John, A., and Doe into three columns. You can then give the new columns new header names to indicate the kind of information housed in them (last name, first name, etc.). It’s a good idea to create several blank columns to the right of the data you’re splitting before you do it because it will push the data into the new blank columns (instead of columns that already contain information).

1
Open the Access program on your computer. Go to the start menu, choose Microsoft Office, and click on Microsoft Access. You need to open a new blank Access database to import the Excel sheet into it.
- Choose «blank desktop database» to create a new database within the Access program.
- Give it a new name if you want. Click «create.»
2
Import an Excel spreadsheet into Access. The next step is to pull the Excel spreadsheet (or more than one) into the Access database.
- Click on «External Data» in the toolbar once you are within the Access database manager. Choose «Excel.»^[6]In some versions of Access, you will find this function by clicking on «file» in the toolbar and «Get External Data.»^[7]
- Where it says «file name,» click «browse.» This will allow you to find your Excel sheet on your computer.
- Leave the box checked that says «import the source data into a new table in the current database.» It will be checked by default.
- When you find the Excel spreadsheet you want to import on your computer, click on it. Click «OK.» This will take you into the wizard for importing Excel into Access.

1
Go through the steps on the wizard that appears within Access. To complete the process of importing your spreadsheet, you need to complete the steps in the wizard.
- Choose the worksheet within the Excel spreadsheet that you want to import. Sometimes, this is simple because the Excel spreadsheet is just one sheet. However, sometimes people create multiple pages within a single Excel spreadsheet, which you can see by clicking on the tabs at the bottom of the spreadsheet. If this is the case, you need to tell the Access wizard which spreadsheet you are choosing. Click next.
- The next page has a box asking if the first row in the Excel sheet has column headings. This means the row in a spreadsheet that identifies the data in each column (such as last name, address, salary, etc.). It’s a good idea if you cleaned up your Excel sheet first to make sure that the first row has clearly defined column headings. Then, just check yes that the first row contains column headings. This is the simplest approach. Click next.
- If your first row does not contain column headings, the next page asks you if you want to rename what are called «fields» in Access (these are column headings). If you did not already name each field something clear and easy to recognize before importing (recommended), then you can do it here.
2
Finish the importing process. There are only a few steps left in the importing process. The next page in the wizard will ask if you want to identify a primary key.
- You don’t have to do this, but you can. A primary key means the computer program will assign each row of information a unique number. This can be helpful later on when sorting the data. Click next.^[8]
- The final screen in the wizard has a space providing a default name. You can change the name of the Excel sheet you are importing (it will become a «table» in Access on the left side of the page when you finish importing it).
- Click «import.» Click «close.» You will see your table on the left side of the screen. It is now imported within Access.
- If you want to link more than one data set, repeat this process with another or multiple Excel spreadsheets. Now, you are ready to match the data in the sheets within Access.

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If the Excel file is from a different version of Office than Access, you may have trouble importing files smoothly.
It can’t be underscored enough: You need to clean up your Excel spreadsheet before importing it. Partly this means analyzing the data you have for problems.
Always keep a copy of your original spreadsheets, so if you mess them up, you can repeat the process.
You can not import more than 255 fields into Access.^[9]

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Метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet (Access)
Синтаксис
Параметры
Примечания
Пример
Поддержка и обратная связь
Импорт данных excel access vba
Access VBA – Import / Export Excel – Query, Report, Table, and Forms
Import Excel File Into Access
Import Excel to Access Function
Access VBA Export to New Excel File
Export Query to Excel
Export Report to Excel
Export Table to Excel
VBA Coding Made Easy
Export Form to Excel
Export to Excel Functions
Export to Existing Excel File
Export SQL Query to Excel
Function to Export to New Excel File
VBA Code Examples Add-in
Доступ к VBA — импорт / экспорт Excel — запрос, отчет, таблица и формы
Импортировать файл Excel в Access
Импортировать Excel в функцию доступа
Доступ к экспорту VBA в новый файл Excel
Экспорт запроса в Excel
Экспорт отчета в Excel
Экспорт таблицы в Excel
Экспорт формы в Excel
Экспорт в функции Excel
Экспорт в существующий файл Excel
Экспорт SQL-запроса в Excel
Функция экспорта в новый файл Excel
Импорт данных excel access vba

Метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet (Access)

Метод TransferSpreadsheet выполняет действие TransferSpreadsheet в Visual Basic.

Синтаксис

выражение.TransferSpreadsheet (TransferType, SpreadsheetType, TableName, FileName, HasFieldNames, Range, UseOA)

выражение: переменная, представляющая объект DoCmd.

Параметры

Имя	Обязательный или необязательный	Тип данных	Описание
TransferType	Необязательный	AcDataTransferType	Нужный тип переноса. Значение по умолчанию — acImport.
SpreadsheetType	Необязательный	AcSpreadSheetType	Тип электронной таблицы для импорта, экспорта или связи.
TableName	Необязательный	Variant	Строковое выражение, являющееся именем таблицы Office Access, предназначенной для импорта данных электронной таблицы, экспорта данных электронной таблицы или связывания данных электронной таблицы, или запрос на выборку Access, результаты которого нужно экспортировать в электронную таблицу.
FileName	Необязательный	Variant	Строковое выражение, являющееся именем и путем электронной таблицы для импорта, экспорта или связывания.
HasFieldNames	Необязательный	Variant	Используйте значение True (1), чтобы использовать первую строку электронной таблицы в качестве имен полей при импорте или связывании. Используйте значение False (0), чтобы считать первую строку электронной таблицы обычными данными. Если оставить этот аргумент пустым, предполагается, что используется значение по умолчанию (False). При экспорте таблицы или данных запроса на выборку Access в электронную таблицу имена полей записываются в первую строку электронной таблицы независимо от введенного значения этого аргумента.
Range	Необязательный	Variant	Строковое выражение, являющееся допустимым диапазоном ячеек или именем диапазона в электронной таблице. Этот аргумент применяется только для импорта. Чтобы импортировать электронную таблицу целиком, оставьте этот аргумент пустым. При экспорте в электронную таблицу необходимо оставить этот аргумент пустым. Если ввести диапазон, экспорт завершится сбоем.
UseOA	Необязательный	Variant	Этот аргумент не поддерживается.

Примечания

Используйте метод TransferSpreadsheet для импорта или экспорта данных между текущей базой данных Access или проектом Access (ADP) и файлом электронной таблицы. Вы также можете связать данные в электронной таблице Excel с текущей базой данных Access. Это позволит просматривать и изменять данные электронной таблицы с помощью Access, при этом не теряя возможность полного доступа к ним в Excel. Кроме того, вы можете связать данные в файле электронной таблицы Lotus 1-2-3, но они будут доступны в Access только для чтения.

Также можно использовать объекты данных ActiveX (ADO) для создания связи с помощью свойства ActiveConnection для объекта Recordset.

Пример

В следующем примере импортируются данные из указанного диапазона электронной таблицы Lotus Newemps.wk3 в таблицу Employees (Сотрудники) Access. В качестве имен полей используется первая строка электронной таблицы.

Поддержка и обратная связь

Есть вопросы или отзывы, касающиеся Office VBA или этой статьи? Руководство по другим способам получения поддержки и отправки отзывов см. в статье Поддержка Office VBA и обратная связь.

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Импорт данных excel access vba

Учимся работать с базами данных Access из макросов Excel

Кратко о структуре базы данных. База состоит из таблиц. Таблица — из строк. Строка — из полей. В полях могут храниться данные разных форматов. Форматы определяются в момент создания таблицы. Создать базу и таблицы в ней можно в Access, а можно и средствами макроса прямо из Excel.

Чтобы Access смог обращаться к базам Access, нужно подключить библиотеку DAO. Для этого в редакторе Visual Basic выбираем меню «Tools->References», открывается окошко, в котором нужно поставить галочку напротив Microsoft DAO 3.6 Object Library.

Теперь делаем так:

‘Объявляем переменные
Dim dbs As DAO.Database ‘База данных
Dim rs As DAO.Recordset ‘Запрос к базе данных

‘Открываем базу
Set dbs = DAO.OpenDatabase(«c:database.mdb»)
‘Выполняем запрос к базе данных
Set rs = dbs.OpenRecordset(«SELECT * FROM тбл_тов WHERE ID_тов>2»)

Тут объясню подробнее. Запросы к базе выполняются на языке SQL. Пока рассмотрим только одну команду этого языка — SELECT. Эта команда выбирает из таблицы строки, удовлетворяющие заданному условию. Там, где у нас стоит звездочка, можно указать названия полей, которые будут присутствовать в ответе. В нашем случае будет возвращаться вся строка полностью. После слова FROM идет название таблицы, из которой идет выбор строк. Таблиц в базе может быть много. В нашем случае это тбл_тов — таблица товаров. После слова WHERE указывается условие, по которому отбираются строки. У нас условие такое: если поле ID_тов > 2, то строка включается в ответ. Ответ получается в переменной rs, которая имеет тип Recordset. Recordset — это временная таблица, сформированная из строк, удовлетворяющих условию запроса.

‘Если ничего не найдено — выдаем сообщение и выходим

If RS.RecordCount = 0 Then

MsgBox ( «По вашему запросу ничего не найдено» )

Do While Not RS.EOF ‘цикл выполняется пока не достигнута последняя строка в таблице ответа

‘Присваиваем ячейкам таблицы значения из базы

Cells ( i , 2 ). Value = RS.Fields ( «назв_тов» )

Cells ( i , 1 ). Value = RS.Fields ( «ID_тов» )

‘переходим к следующей строке во временной таблице ответа

‘Закрываем временную таблицу

‘Очищаем память. Если этого не сделать, то таблица так и останется в памяти до закрытия рабочей книги.

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Access VBA – Import / Export Excel – Query, Report, Table, and Forms

This tutorial will cover the ways to import data from Excel into an Access Table and ways to export Access objects (Queries, Reports, Tables, or Forms) to Excel.

Import Excel File Into Access

To import an Excel file to Access, use the acImport option of DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet :

Or you can use DoCmd.TransferText to import a CSV file:

Import Excel to Access Function

This function can be used to import an Excel file or CSV file into an Access Table:

You can call the function like this:

Access VBA Export to New Excel File

To export an Access object to a new Excel file , use the DoCmd.OutputTo method or the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method:

Export Query to Excel

This line of VBA code will export a Query to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

Note: This code exports to XLSX format. Instead you can update the arguments to export to a CSV or XLS file format instead (ex. acFormatXLSX to acFormatXLS).

Export Report to Excel

This line of code will export a Report to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

Export Table to Excel

This line of code will export a Table to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

VBA Coding Made Easy

Export Form to Excel

This line of code will export a Form to Excel using DoCmd.OutputTo:

Or you can use the DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet method instead:

Export to Excel Functions

Below that, we’ve included some additional functions to export to new Excel files, including error handling and more.

Export to Existing Excel File

The above code examples work great to export Access objects to a new Excel file. However, they will not be able to export into an existing workbook.

To export Access objects to an existing Excel workbook we’ve created the following function:

You can use the function like this:

Notice you are asked to define:

What to Output? Table, Report, Query, or Form
Object Name
Output Sheet Name
Output File Path and Name.

Export SQL Query to Excel

Instead you can export an SQL query to Excel using a similar function:

Called like this:

Where you are asked to input:

SQL Query
Output Sheet Name
Output File Path and Name.

Function to Export to New Excel File

These functions allow you to export Access objects to a new Excel workbook. You might find them more useful than the simple single lines at the top of the document.

The function can be called like this:

VBA Code Examples Add-in

Easily access all of the code examples found on our site.

Simply navigate to the menu, click, and the code will be inserted directly into your module. .xlam add-in.

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Доступ к VBA — импорт / экспорт Excel — запрос, отчет, таблица и формы

В этом руководстве будут рассмотрены способы импорта данных из Excel в таблицу Access и способы экспорта объектов Access (запросов, отчетов, таблиц или форм) в Excel.

Импортировать файл Excel в Access

Чтобы импортировать файл Excel в Access, используйте acImport вариант DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet :

Или вы можете использовать DoCmd.TransferText чтобы импортировать файл CSV:

Импортировать Excel в функцию доступа

Эту функцию можно использовать для импорта файла Excel или CSV в таблицу доступа:

Вы можете вызвать функцию так:

Доступ к экспорту VBA в новый файл Excel

Чтобы экспортировать объект Access в новый файл Excel, используйте DoCmd.OutputTo метод или DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet метод:

Экспорт запроса в Excel

Эта строка кода VBA экспортирует запрос в Excel с помощью DoCmd.OutputTo:

Или вы можете использовать вместо этого метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet:

Примечание: Этот код экспортирует в формат XLSX. Вместо этого вы можете обновить аргументы для экспорта в формат файла CSV или XLS (например, acFormatXLSX к acFormatXLS).

Экспорт отчета в Excel

Эта строка кода экспортирует отчет в Excel с помощью DoCmd.OutputTo:

Или вы можете использовать вместо этого метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet:

Экспорт таблицы в Excel

Эта строка кода экспортирует таблицу в Excel с помощью DoCmd.OutputTo:

Или вы можете использовать вместо этого метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet:

Экспорт формы в Excel

Эта строка кода экспортирует форму в Excel с помощью DoCmd.OutputTo:

Или вы можете использовать вместо этого метод DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet:

Экспорт в функции Excel

Эти однострочные команды отлично подходят для экспорта в новый файл Excel. Однако их нельзя будет экспортировать в существующую книгу. В следующем разделе мы представляем функции, которые позволяют вам добавить экспорт в существующий файл Excel.

Ниже мы включили некоторые дополнительные функции для экспорта в новые файлы Excel, включая обработку ошибок и многое другое.

Экспорт в существующий файл Excel

Приведенные выше примеры кода отлично подходят для экспорта объектов Access в новый файл Excel. Однако их нельзя будет экспортировать в существующую книгу.

Чтобы экспортировать объекты Access в существующую книгу Excel, мы создали следующую функцию:

Вы можете использовать эту функцию так:

Обратите внимание, что вас просят определить:

Что выводить? Таблица, отчет, запрос или форма
Имя объекта
Имя выходного листа
Путь и имя выходного файла.

Экспорт SQL-запроса в Excel

Вместо этого вы можете экспортировать SQL-запрос в Excel, используя аналогичную функцию:

Где вас просят ввести:

SQL-запрос
Имя выходного листа
Путь и имя выходного файла.

Функция экспорта в новый файл Excel

Эти функции позволяют экспортировать объекты Access в новую книгу Excel. Вы можете найти их более полезными, чем простые одиночные строки в верхней части документа.

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Импорт данных excel access vba

Excel: умный импорт из Excel листа в таблицу Access

Всем привет, помогите разобраться с нижеизложенным.

Что Дано:
Есть книга Excel «C:Datatest.xls». В этой книге есть лист «output», с таблицей данных (первая строка — название полей).
Есть база Access «C:DatamyData.mdb.xls». В этой базе есть таблица «test» с данными.

Что надо сделать:
Необходимо создать макрос в Excel, который бы вставлял данные из листа output, в таблицу «test», причем если в таблице «test» есть уже такие данные (определяется по трем ключевым полям), то их необходимо заменить. Т.е. не должно быть дублированых записей в таблице «test». Этим макросом я буду пополнять ежедневно данные в таблице «test», либо заменять уже существующие (на верные или скорректированные).

В чем проблема:
Я не знаю как создать таблицу (объект?) с дынными из Excel, что бы:
a. проверить есть ли такие же записи в таблице «test» (если есть, то удалить их из «test» и залить заново)
b. Вставить их в access.

Все это я буду делать (уже делаю) через ADO. Сейчас копаюсь в книгах и инете — не нашел примеров создания таблицы (recordset’а) в Excel, копированием/выделением/селектом диапазона ячеек. Помогите пожалуйста, горит.

Решать такую задачу со стороны Excel сложнее чем из Access, в котором достаточно выполнить два запроса, один на обновление второй на добавление.
В Вашем варианте можно сделать следующее:
создать рекордсет ADO в Excel,
заполнить его данными из листа «output»,
открыть рекордсет с набором записей таблицы «test»
фильтром и перебором всех записей произвести сравнение, для редактирования или добавления записей.
Все эти процедуры и библиотека ADO должны присутствовать в проекте VBA файла xls.
Евгений.

Получается последовательность такая:
1создать рекордсет ADO в Excel,
2заполнить его данными из листа «output»,
22 Подконнектится
3открыть рекордсет с набором записей таблицы «test»
4фильтром и перебором всех записей произвести сравнение, для редактирования или добавления записей.

Как раз проблема с пп. 1 и 2 — я не знаю что прописать.

Dim xlsRecordSet as ADODB.Recordset

Set xlsRecordSet = New ADOD.Recordset

Const ConnectionString As String = _

«Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;» + _

«Data Source = C:DatamyData.mdb;Persist Security Info=False»

Dim Connection As ADODB.Connection

Set Connection = New ADODB.Connection

If Connection.State = ObjectStateEnum.adStateOpen Then objConn.Close

Как рекордсет создается и заполняется Вы можете посмотреть в коде.

Также его можно сортировать и передавать в массив ( это для примера ).

Dim rs As Object , i% , V ()

Set rs = CreateObject ( «ADODB.Recordset» ) ‘создание рекордсета

rs.Fields.Append «Fld» , 200 , 255 ‘ добавление поля в рекордсет

rs.Open ‘открываем рекордсет

rs.AddNew ‘добавление записи в реккордсет

rs ( 0 ) = «Text» ‘ввод данных

rs.Sort = «Fld» ‘имя поля сортировки «Fld desk» — по убыванию

V = rs.GetRows ‘при необходимости передаем все содержимое рекордсета в массив

rs.Close ‘ закрываем рекордсет

Set rs = Nothing ‘ очищаем переменную для освобождения памяти

Организовать циклы добавления нужного количества полей , сбора данных листа и заполнения полей рекордсета , надеюсь Вы сможете самостоятельно.

‘=======================================================================В цикле перебора набора записей, создается строчная переменная содержащая значение поля рекордсета

sSql = «INSERT INTO Table1 ( Fld1 ) SELECT ‘» & rs ( 1 ) & «‘» ‘текст момещается в апострофы

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