If and or functions in excel 2007

Функция ЕСЛИ в Excel — это отличный инструмент для проверки условий на ИСТИНУ или ЛОЖЬ. Если значения ваших расчетов равны заданным параметрам функции как ИСТИНА, то она возвращает одно значение, если ЛОЖЬ, то другое.

Что возвращает функция

Заданное вами значение при выполнении двух условий ИСТИНА или ЛОЖЬ.

Синтаксис

=IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false]) — английская версия

=ЕСЛИ(лог_выражение; [значение_если_истина]; [значение_если_ложь]) — русская версия

Аргументы функции

• logical_test (лог_выражение) — это условие, которое вы хотите протестировать. Этот аргумент функции должен быть логичным и определяемым как ЛОЖЬ или ИСТИНА. Аргументом может быть как статичное значение, так и результат функции, вычисления;
• [value_if_true] ([значение_если_истина]) — (не обязательно) — это то значение, которое возвращает функция. Оно будет отображено в случае, если значение которое вы тестируете соответствует условию ИСТИНА;
• [value_if_false] ([значение_если_ложь]) — (не обязательно) — это то значение, которое возвращает функция. Оно будет отображено в случае, если условие, которое вы тестируете соответствует условию ЛОЖЬ.

Дополнительная информация

• В функции ЕСЛИ может быть протестировано 64 условий за один раз;
• Если какой-либо из аргументов функции является массивом — оценивается каждый элемент массива;
• Если вы не укажете условие аргумента FALSE (ЛОЖЬ) value_if_false (значение_если_ложь) в функции, т.е. после аргумента value_if_true (значение_если_истина) есть только запятая (точка с запятой), функция вернет значение “0”, если результат вычисления функции будет равен FALSE (ЛОЖЬ).
  На примере ниже, формула =IF(A1> 20,”Разрешить”) или =ЕСЛИ(A1>20;»Разрешить») , где value_if_false (значение_если_ложь) не указано, однако аргумент value_if_true (значение_если_истина) по-прежнему следует через запятую. Функция вернет “0” всякий раз, когда проверяемое условие не будет соответствовать условиям TRUE (ИСТИНА).
  
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• Если вы не укажете условие аргумента TRUE(ИСТИНА) (value_if_true (значение_если_истина)) в функции, т.е. условие указано только для аргумента value_if_false (значение_если_ложь), то формула вернет значение “0”, если результат вычисления функции будет равен TRUE (ИСТИНА);
  На примере ниже формула равна =IF (A1>20;«Отказать») или =ЕСЛИ(A1>20;»Отказать»), где аргумент value_if_true (значение_если_истина) не указан, формула будет возвращать “0” всякий раз, когда условие соответствует TRUE (ИСТИНА).

Функция Если в Excel примеры с несколькими условиями

Пример 1. Проверяем простое числовое условие с помощью функции IF (ЕСЛИ)

При использовании функции ЕСЛИ в Excel, вы можете использовать различные операторы для проверки состояния. Вот список операторов, которые вы можете использовать:

Ниже приведен простой пример использования функции при расчете оценок студентов. Если сумма баллов больше или равна «35», то формула возвращает “Сдал”, иначе возвращается “Не сдал”.

Пример 2. Использование вложенной функции IF (ЕСЛИ) для проверки условия выражения

Функция может принимать до 64 условий одновременно. Несмотря на то, что создавать длинные вложенные функции нецелесообразно, то в редких случаях вы можете создать формулу, которая множество условий последовательно.

В приведенном ниже примере мы проверяем два условия.

• Первое условие проверяет, сумму баллов не меньше ли она чем 35 баллов. Если это ИСТИНА, то функция вернет “Не сдал”;
• В случае, если первое условие — ЛОЖЬ, и сумма баллов больше 35, то функция проверяет второе условие. В случае если сумма баллов больше или равна 75. Если это правда, то функция возвращает значение “Отлично”, в других случаях функция возвращает “Сдал”.
  

Пример 3. Вычисляем сумму комиссии с продаж с помощью функции IF (ЕСЛИ) в Excel

Функция позволяет выполнять вычисления с числами. Хороший пример использования — расчет комиссии продаж для торгового представителя.

В приведенном ниже примере, торговый представитель по продажам:

• не получает комиссионных, если объем продаж меньше 50 тыс;
• получает комиссию в размере 2%, если продажи между 50-100 тыс
• получает 4% комиссионных, если объем продаж превышает 100 тыс.

Рассчитать размер комиссионных для торгового агента можно по следующей формуле:

=IF(B2<50,0,IF(B2<100,B2*2%,B2*4%)) — английская версия

=ЕСЛИ(B2<50;0;ЕСЛИ(B2<100;B2*2%;B2*4%)) — русская версия

В формуле, использованной в примере выше, вычисление суммы комиссионных выполняется в самой функции ЕСЛИ. Если объем продаж находится между 50-100K, то формула возвращает B2 * 2%, что составляет 2% комиссии в зависимости от объема продажи.

Пример 4. Используем логические операторы (AND/OR) (И/ИЛИ) в функции IF (ЕСЛИ) в Excel

Вы можете использовать логические операторы (AND/OR) (И/ИЛИ) внутри функции для одновременного тестирования нескольких условий.

Например, предположим, что вы должны выбрать студентов для стипендий, основываясь на оценках и посещаемости. В приведенном ниже примере учащийся имеет право на участие только в том случае, если он набрал более 80 баллов и имеет посещаемость более 80%.

Вы можете использовать функцию AND (И) вместе с функцией IF (ЕСЛИ), чтобы сначала проверить, выполняются ли оба эти условия или нет. Если условия соблюдены, функция возвращает “Имеет право”, в противном случае она возвращает “Не имеет право”.

Формула для этого расчета:

=IF(AND(B2>80,C2>80%),”Да”,”Нет”) — английская версия

=ЕСЛИ(И(B2>80;C2>80%);»Да»;»Нет») — русская версия

Пример 5. Преобразуем ошибки в значения “0” с помощью функции IF (ЕСЛИ)

С помощью этой функции вы также можете убирать ячейки содержащие ошибки. Вы можете преобразовать значения ошибок в пробелы или нули или любое другое значение.

Формула для преобразования ошибок в ячейках следующая:

=IF(ISERROR(A1),0,A1) — английская версия

=ЕСЛИ(ЕОШИБКА(A1);0;A1) — русская версия

Формула возвращает “0”, в случае если в ячейке есть ошибка, иначе она возвращает значение ячейки.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ. Если вы используете Excel 2007 или версии после него, вы также можете использовать функцию IFERROR для этого.

Точно так же вы можете обрабатывать пустые ячейки. В случае пустых ячеек используйте функцию ISBLANK, на примере ниже:

=IF(ISBLANK(A1),0,A1) — английская версия

=ЕСЛИ(ЕПУСТО(A1);0;A1) — русская версия

Excel IF AND OR functions on their own aren’t very exciting, but mix them up with the IF Statement and you’ve got yourself a formula that’s much more powerful.

In this tutorial we’re going to take a look at the basics of the AND and OR functions and then put them to work with an IF Statement.  If you aren’t familiar with IF Statements, click here to read that tutorial first.

AND Function

The AND function belongs to the logic family of formulas, along with IF, OR and a few others.  It’s useful when you have multiple conditions that must be met.

In Excel language on its own the AND formula reads like this:

=AND(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=AND(is condition 1 true, AND condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

OR Function

The OR function is useful when you are happy if one, OR another condition is met.

In Excel language on its own the OR formula reads like this:

=OR(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=OR(is condition 1 true, OR condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

See, I did say they weren’t very exciting, but let’s mix them up with IF and put AND and OR to work.

IF AND Formula

First let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, AND formula:

In our spreadsheet below we want to calculate a bonus to pay the children’s TV personalities listed.  The rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1)      If the TV personality is Popular AND

2)      If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus (my 4 year old will write them an IOU, he’s good for it though).

In cell D2 we will enter our IF AND formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, AND he earns <$100k),  calculate his salary x 10%, if not put "Nil" in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(AND(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

You’ll notice that the two conditions are typed in first, and then the outcomes are entered.  You can have more than two conditions; in fact you can have up to 30 by simply separating each condition with a comma (see warning below about going overboard with this though).

IF OR Formula

Again let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, OR formula:

The revised rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1)      If the TV personality is Popular OR

2)      If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus.

In cell D2 we will enter our IF OR formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, OR he earns <$100k), calculate his salary x 10%, if not put “Nil” in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(OR(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

Notice how a subtle change from the AND function to the OR function has a significant impact on the bonus figure.

Just like the AND function, you can have up to 30 OR conditions nested in the one formula, again just separate each condition with a comma.

Try other operators

You can set your conditions to test for specific text, as I have done in this example with B2=»Yes», just put the text you want to check between inverted comas “   ”.

Alternatively you can test for a number and because the AND and OR functions belong to the logic family, you can employ different tests other than the less than (<) operator used in the examples above.

Other operators you could use are:

• =             Equal to
• >             Greater Than
• <=           Less than or equal to
• >=           Greater than or equal to
• <>           Less than or greater than

Warning: Don’t go overboard with nesting IF, AND, and OR’s, as it will be painful to decipher if you or someone else ever needs to update the formula in months or years to come.

Note: These formulas work in all versions of Excel, however versions pre Excel 2007 are limited to 7 nested IF’s.

Download the Workbook

Excel IF AND OR Practice Questions

IF AND Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E), that returns the text ‘Yes’, when a product SKU should be reordered, based on the following criteria:

1. If Stock on hand is less than 20,000 AND
2. Demand level is ‘High’

If the above conditions are met, return ‘Yes’, otherwise, return ‘No’.

Tips for working with the embedded workbook:

1. Use arrow keys to move around the worksheet when you can’t click on the cells with your mouse
2. Use shortcut keys CTRL+C to copy and CTRL+V to paste
3. Don’t forget to absolute cell references where applicable
4. Do not enter anything in column F
5. Double click to edit a cell
6. Refresh the page to reset the embedded workbook

IF OR Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E) that calculates the bonus due for each salesperson. A $500 bonus is paid if a salesperson meets either target in cells C24 and C25, otherwise they earn $0 bonus.

Want More Excel Formulas

Why not visit our list of Excel formulas. You’ll find a huge range all explained in plain English, plus PivotTables and other Excel tools and tricks. Enjoy 🙂

Things will not always be the way we want them to be. The unexpected can happen. For example, let’s say you have to divide numbers. Trying to divide any number by zero (0) gives an error. Logical functions come in handy such cases. In this tutorial, we are going to cover the following topics.

In this tutorial, we are going to cover the following topics.

• What is a Logical Function?
• IF function example
• Excel Logic functions explained
• Nested IF functions

What is a Logical Function?

It is a feature that allows us to introduce decision-making when executing formulas and functions. Functions are used to;

• Check if a condition is true or false
• Combine multiple conditions together

What is a condition and why does it matter?

A condition is an expression that either evaluates to true or false. The expression could be a function that determines if the value entered in a cell is of numeric or text data type, if a value is greater than, equal to or less than a specified value, etc.

IF Function example

We will work with the home supplies budget from this tutorial. We will use the IF function to determine if an item is expensive or not. We will assume that items with a value greater than 6,000 are expensive. Those that are less than 6,000 are less expensive. The following image shows us the dataset that we will work with.

• Put the cursor focus in cell F4
• Enter the following formula that uses the IF function

=IF(E4<6000,”Yes”,”No”)

HERE,

• “=IF(…)” calls the IF functions
• “E4<6000” is the condition that the IF function evaluates. It checks the value of cell address E4 (subtotal) is less than 6,000
• “Yes” this is the value that the function will display if the value of E4 is less than 6,000

• “No” this is the value that the function will display if the value of E4 is greater than 6,000

When you are done press the enter key

You will get the following results

Excel Logic functions explained

The following table shows all of the logical functions in Excel

S/N	FUNCTION	CATEGORY	DESCRIPTION	USAGE
01	AND	Logical	Checks multiple conditions and returns true if they all the conditions evaluate to true.	=AND(1 > 0,ISNUMBER(1)) The above function returns TRUE because both Condition is True.
02	FALSE	Logical	Returns the logical value FALSE. It is used to compare the results of a condition or function that either returns true or false	FALSE()
03	IF	Logical	Verifies whether a condition is met or not. If the condition is met, it returns true. If the condition is not met, it returns false. =IF(logical_test,[value_if_true],[value_if_false])	=IF(ISNUMBER(22),”Yes”, “No”) 22 is Number so that it return Yes.
04	IFERROR	Logical	Returns the expression value if no error occurs. If an error occurs, it returns the error value	=IFERROR(5/0,”Divide by zero error”)
05	IFNA	Logical	Returns value if #N/A error does not occur. If #N/A error occurs, it returns NA value. #N/A error means a value if not available to a formula or function.	=IFNA(D6*E6,0) N.B the above formula returns zero if both or either D6 or E6 is/are empty
06	NOT	Logical	Returns true if the condition is false and returns false if condition is true	=NOT(ISTEXT(0)) N.B. the above function returns true. This is because ISTEXT(0) returns false and NOT function converts false to TRUE
07	OR	Logical	Used when evaluating multiple conditions. Returns true if any or all of the conditions are true. Returns false if all of the conditions are false	=OR(D8=”admin”,E8=”cashier”) N.B. the above function returns true if either or both D8 and E8 admin or cashier
08	TRUE	Logical	Returns the logical value TRUE. It is used to compare the results of a condition or function that either returns true or false	TRUE()

A nested IF function is an IF function within another IF function. Nested if statements come in handy when we have to work with more than two conditions. Let’s say we want to develop a simple program that checks the day of the week. If the day is Saturday we want to display “party well”, if it’s Sunday we want to display “time to rest”, and if it’s any day from Monday to Friday we want to display, remember to complete your to do list.

A nested if function can help us to implement the above example. The following flowchart shows how the nested IF function will be implemented.

The formula for the above flowchart is as follows

=IF(B1=”Sunday”,”time to rest”,IF(B1=”Saturday”,”party well”,”to do list”))

HERE,

• “=IF(….)” is the main if function
• “=IF(…,IF(….))” the second IF function is the nested one. It provides further evaluation if the main IF function returned false.

Practical example

Create a new workbook and enter the data as shown below

• Enter the following formula

=IF(B1=”Sunday”,”time to rest”,IF(B1=”Saturday”,”party well”,”to do list”))

• Enter Saturday in cell address B1
• You will get the following results

Download the Excel file used in Tutorial

Summary

Logical functions are used to introduce decision-making when evaluating formulas and functions in Excel.

Logical functions are designed to test one or several conditions, and perform the actions prescribed for each of the two possible results. Such results can only be logical TRUE or FALSE.

Excel contains several logical functions such as IF, IFERROR, SUMIF, AND, OR, and others. The last two are not used in practice, as a rule, because the result of their calculations may be one of only two possible options (TRUE, FALSE). When combined with the IF function, they are able to significantly expand its functionality.



Examples of using formulas with IF, AND, OR functions in Excel

Example 1. When calculating the cost of the amount of consumed kW of electricity for subscribers, the following conditions are taken into account:

1. If less than 3 people live in the apartment or less than 100 kW of electricity was consumed per month, the rate per 1 kW is 4.35$.
2. In other cases, the rate for 1 kW is 5.25$.

Calculate the amount payable per month for several subscribers.

View source data table:

Perform the calculation according to the formula:

Argument Description:

• OR (B3<=2,C3<100) is a logical expression that verifies two conditions: do less than 3 people live in the apartment or does the total amount of energy consumed less than 100 kW? The result of the test will be TRUE if either of these two conditions is true;
• C3 * 4.35 — the amount to be paid, if the OR function returns TRUE;
• C3 * 5.25 is the amount to be paid if OR returns FALSE.

We stretch the formula for the remaining cells using the autocomplete function. The result of the calculation for each subscriber:

Using the AND function in the formula in the first argument in the IF function, we check the conformity of the values by two conditions at once.



Formula with IF and AVERAGE functions for selecting of values by conditions

Example 2. Applicants entering the university for the specialty «mechanical engineer» are required to pass 3 exams in mathematics, physics and English. The maximum score for each exam is 100. The average passing score for 3 exams is 75, while the minimum score in physics must be at least 70 points, and in mathematics it is 80. Determine applicants who have successfully passed the exams.

View source table:

To determine the enrolled students use the formula:

Argument Description:

• AND(B4>=80,C4>=70,AVERAGE(B4:D4)>=75) — checked logical expressions according to the condition of the problem;
• «Enroll» — the result, if the function AND returned the value TRUE (all expressions represented as its arguments, as a result of the calculations returned the value TRUE);
• «Not Enroll» — the result if AND returned FALSE.

Using the autocomplete function (double-click on the cursor marker in the lower right corner), we get the rest of the results:

Formula with logical functions AND IF OR in excel

Example 3. Subsidies in the amount of 30% are charged to families with an average income below 8,000$, which are large or there is no main breadwinner. If the number of children is over 5, the amount of the subsidy is 50%. Determine who should receive subsidies and who should not.

View source table:

To check the criteria according to the condition of the problem, we write the formula:

Argument Description:

• AND(B3<8000,OR(C3=TRUE,E3=FALSE)) is the checked expression according to the condition of the problem. In this case, the AND function returns the TRUE value, if B3 <8000 is true and at least one of the expressions passed as arguments to the OR function also returns the TRUE value.
• The nested IF function performs a check on the number of children in the family, which rely on subsidies.
• If the main condition returned the result is FALSE, the main function IF returns the text string “no”.

Perform the calculation for the first family and stretch the formula to the remaining cells using the autocomplete function. Results:

Features of using logical functions IF, AND, OR in Excel

The IF function has the following syntax notation:

=IF(Logical_test,[ Value_if_True ],[ Value_if_False])

As you can see, by default, you can check only one condition, for example, is e3 more than 20? Using the IF function, this check can be done as follows:

=IF(EXP(3)>20,»more»,»less»)

As a result, the text string “more” will be returned. If we need to find out if any value belongs to the specified interval, we will need to compare this value with the upper and lower limits of the intervals, respectively. For example, is the result of calculating e3 in the range from 20 to 25? When using the IF function alone, you must enter the following entry:

=IF(EXP(3)>20,IF(EXP(3)<25,»belongs»,»does not belong»),»does not belong»)

We have a nested function IF as one of the possible results of the implementation of the main function IF, and therefore the syntax looks somewhat cumbersome. If you also need to know, for example, whether the square root e3 is equal to a numeric value from a fractional number range from 4 to 5, the final formula will look cumbersome and unreadable.

It is much easier to use as a condition a complex expression that can be written using AND and OR functions. For example, the above function can be rewritten as follows:

=IF(AND(EXP(3)>20,EXP(3)<25),»belongs»,»does not belong»)

The result of the execution of the AND expression (EXP(3)>20,EXP(3)<25) can be a logical value TRUE only if the result of checking each of the specified conditions is a logical value TRUE. In other words, the function AND allows you to test one, two or more hypotheses on their truth, and returns the result FALSE if at least one of them is incorrect.

Sometimes you want to know if at least one assumption is true. In this case, it is convenient to use the OR function, which performs the check of one or several logical expressions and returns a logical TRUE, if the result of the calculations of at least one of them is a logical TRUE. For example, you want to know if e3 is an integer or a number that is less than 100? To test this condition, you can use the following formula:

=IF(OR(MOD(EXP(3),1)<>0,EXP(3)<100),»true»,»false»)

The “<>” means inequality, that is, more or less than some value. In this case, both expressions return the value TRUE, and the result of the execution of the IF function is the text string «true.» However, if an OR test was performed (MOD(EXP (3),1)<>0,EXP(3)<20, while EXP(3) <20 will return FALSE, the result of the calculation of the IF function will not change, since MOD(EXP(3),1) <> 0 returns TRUE.

Download examples using the functions OR AND IF in Excel

In practice, often used bundles IF + AND, IF + OR, or all three functions at once. Consider examples of similar use of these functions.