If and but statements excel - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Содержание

Using IF with AND, OR and NOT functions
Examples
Using AND, OR and NOT with Conditional Formatting
Need more help?
See also
IF function
Simple IF examples
Common problems
Need more help?
Excel IF Function – How to Use
Definition of Excel IF Function
Syntax
Important Characteristics of IF Function in Excel
Comparison Operators That Can Be Used With IF Statements
Example 1: Using ‘equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function
Example 2: Using ‘not equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function.
Example 3: Using ‘less than’ operator within the IF function.
Example 4: Using ‘greater than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.
Example 5: Using ‘greater than’ operator within the IF statement.
Example 6: Using ‘less than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.
Example 7: Using an Excel Logical Function within the IF formula in Excel.
Example 8: Using the Excel IF function to return another formula a result.
Use Of AND & OR Functions or Logical Operators with Excel IF Statement
Example 9: Using the IF function along with AND Function.
Example 10: Using the IF function along with OR Function.
Nested IF Statements
Syntax:
The above syntax translates to this:
Example 11: Nested IF Statements
Partial Matching or Wildcards with IF Function
Example 12: Using FIND and SEARCH functions inside the IF statement
Example 13: Using SEARCH function inside the Excel IF formula with wildcard operators
Some Practical Examples of using the IF function
Example 14: Using Excel IF function with dates.
Example 15: Use an IF function-based formula to find blank cells in excel.
Example 16: Use the Excel IF statement to show symbolic results (instead of textual results).
IFS Function In Excel:
Syntax for IFS function:
Example 17: Using IFS function in Excel
Subscribe and be a part of our 15,000+ member family!

Using IF with AND, OR and NOT functions

The IF function allows you to make a logical comparison between a value and what you expect by testing for a condition and returning a result if that condition is True or False.

=IF(Something is True, then do something, otherwise do something else)

But what if you need to test multiple conditions, where let’s say all conditions need to be True or False ( AND), or only one condition needs to be True or False ( OR), or if you want to check if a condition does NOT meet your criteria? All 3 functions can be used on their own, but it’s much more common to see them paired with IF functions.

Use the IF function along with AND, OR and NOT to perform multiple evaluations if conditions are True or False.

IF(AND()) — IF(AND(logical1, [logical2], . ), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))

IF(OR()) — IF(OR(logical1, [logical2], . ), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))

IF(NOT()) — IF(NOT(logical1), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))

The condition you want to test.

The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is TRUE.

The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is FALSE.

Here are overviews of how to structure AND, OR and NOT functions individually. When you combine each one of them with an IF statement, they read like this:

AND – =IF(AND(Something is True, Something else is True), Value if True, Value if False)

OR – =IF(OR(Something is True, Something else is True), Value if True, Value if False)

NOT – =IF(NOT(Something is True), Value if True, Value if False)

Examples

Following are examples of some common nested IF(AND()), IF(OR()) and IF(NOT()) statements. The AND and OR functions can support up to 255 individual conditions, but it’s not good practice to use more than a few because complex, nested formulas can get very difficult to build, test and maintain. The NOT function only takes one condition.

Here are the formulas spelled out according to their logic:

=IF(AND(A2>0,B2 0,B4 50),TRUE,FALSE)

IF A6 (25) is NOT greater than 50, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case 25 is not greater than 50, so the formula returns TRUE.

IF A7 (“Blue”) is NOT equal to “Red”, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE.

Note that all of the examples have a closing parenthesis after their respective conditions are entered. The remaining True/False arguments are then left as part of the outer IF statement. You can also substitute Text or Numeric values for the TRUE/FALSE values to be returned in the examples.

Here are some examples of using AND, OR and NOT to evaluate dates.

Here are the formulas spelled out according to their logic:

IF A2 is greater than B2, return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. 03/12/14 is greater than 01/01/14, so the formula returns TRUE.

=IF(AND(A3>B2,A3 B2,A4 B2),TRUE,FALSE)

IF A5 is not greater than B2, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case, A5 is greater than B2, so the formula returns FALSE.

Using AND, OR and NOT with Conditional Formatting

You can also use AND, OR and NOT to set Conditional Formatting criteria with the formula option. When you do this you can omit the IF function and use AND, OR and NOT on their own.

From the Home tab, click Conditional Formatting > New Rule. Next, select the “ Use a formula to determine which cells to format” option, enter your formula and apply the format of your choice.

Edit Rule dialog showing the Formula method» loading=»lazy»>

Using the earlier Dates example, here is what the formulas would be.

If A2 is greater than B2, format the cell, otherwise do nothing.

=AND(A3>B2,A3 B2,A4 B2)

If A5 is NOT greater than B2, format the cell, otherwise do nothing. In this case A5 is greater than B2, so the result will return FALSE. If you were to change the formula to =NOT(B2>A5) it would return TRUE and the cell would be formatted.

Note: A common error is to enter your formula into Conditional Formatting without the equals sign (=). If you do this you’ll see that the Conditional Formatting dialog will add the equals sign and quotes to the formula — =»OR(A4>B2,A4

Need more help?

IF function

The IF function is one of the most popular functions in Excel, and it allows you to make logical comparisons between a value and what you expect.

So an IF statement can have two results. The first result is if your comparison is True, the second if your comparison is False.

For example, =IF(C2=”Yes”,1,2) says IF(C2 = Yes, then return a 1, otherwise return a 2).

Use the IF function, one of the logical functions, to return one value if a condition is true and another value if it’s false.

IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false])

The condition you want to test.

The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is TRUE.

The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is FALSE.

Simple IF examples

In the above example, cell D2 says: IF(C2 = Yes, then return a 1, otherwise return a 2)

In this example, the formula in cell D2 says: IF(C2 = 1, then return Yes, otherwise return No)As you see, the IF function can be used to evaluate both text and values. It can also be used to evaluate errors. You are not limited to only checking if one thing is equal to another and returning a single result, you can also use mathematical operators and perform additional calculations depending on your criteria. You can also nest multiple IF functions together in order to perform multiple comparisons.

B2,”Over Budget”,”Within Budget”)» loading=»lazy»>

=IF(C2>B2,”Over Budget”,”Within Budget”)

In the above example, the IF function in D2 is saying IF(C2 Is Greater Than B2, then return “Over Budget”, otherwise return “Within Budget”)

B2,C2-B2,»»)» loading=»lazy»>

In the above illustration, instead of returning a text result, we are going to return a mathematical calculation. So the formula in E2 is saying IF(Actual is Greater than Budgeted, then Subtract the Budgeted amount from the Actual amount, otherwise return nothing).

In this example, the formula in F7 is saying IF(E7 = “Yes”, then calculate the Total Amount in F5 * 8.25%, otherwise no Sales Tax is due so return 0)

Note: If you are going to use text in formulas, you need to wrap the text in quotes (e.g. “Text”). The only exception to that is using TRUE or FALSE, which Excel automatically understands.

Common problems

What went wrong

There was no argument for either value_if_true or value_if_False arguments. To see the right value returned, add argument text to the two arguments, or add TRUE or FALSE to the argument.

This usually means that the formula is misspelled.

Need more help?

You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in the Answers community.

Источник

Excel IF Function – How to Use

IF function is undoubtedly one of the most important functions in excel. In general, IF statements give the desired intelligence to a program so that it can make decisions based on given criteria and, most importantly, decide the program flow.

In Microsoft Excel terminology, IF statements are also called «Excel IF-Then statements». IF function evaluates a boolean/logical expression and returns one value if the expression evaluates to ‘TRUE’ and another value if the expression evaluates to ‘FALSE’.

Table of Contents

Definition of Excel IF Function

According to Microsoft Excel, IF function is defined as a formula which «checks whether a condition is met, returns one value if true and another value if false».

Syntax

Syntax of IF function in Excel is as follows:

‘logic_test’ (required argument) – Refers to the boolean expression or logical expression that needs to be evaluated.
‘value_if_true’ (optional argument) – Refers to the value that will be returned by the IF function if the ‘logic_test’ evaluates to TRUE.
‘value_if_false’ (optional argument) – Refers to the value that will be returned by the IF function if the ‘logic_test’ evaluates to FALSE.

Important Characteristics of IF Function in Excel

To use the IF function, you need to provide the ‘logic_test’ or conditional statement mandatorily.
The arguments ‘value_if_true’ and ‘value_if_false’ are optional, but you need to provide at least one of them.
The result of the IF statement can only be any one of the two given values (either it will be ‘value_if_true’ or ‘value_if_false’ ). Both values cannot be returned at the same time.
IF function throws a ‘#Name?’ error if the ‘logic_test’ or boolean expression you are trying to evaluate is invalid.
Nesting of IF statements is possible, but Excel only allows this to 64 levels. Nesting of IF statement means using one if statement within another.

Comparison Operators That Can Be Used With IF Statements

Following comparison operators can be used within the ‘logic_test’ argument of the IF function:

= (equal to)
<> (not equal to)
(greater than)
>= (greater than or equal to)
Simple Examples of Excel IF Statement

Now, let’s try to see a simple example of the Excel IF function:

Example 1: Using ‘equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function

In this example, we have a list of colors, and we aim to find the ‘Blue’ color. If we are able to find the ‘Blue’ color, then in the adjacent cell, we need to assign a ‘Yes’; otherwise, assign a ‘No’.

So, the formula would be:

This suggests that if the value present in cell A2 is ‘Blue’, then return a ‘Yes’; otherwise, return a ‘No’.

If we drag this formula down to all the rows, we will find that it returns ‘Yes’ for the cells with the value ‘Blue’ for all others; it would result in ‘No’.

Example 2: Using ‘not equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function.

Let’s take example 1, and understand how we can reverse the logic and use a ‘not equal to’ operator to construct the formula so that it still results in ‘Yes’ for ‘Blue’ color and ‘No’ for any other text.

So the formula would be:

This suggests that if the value at A2 is not equal to ‘Blue’, then return a ‘No’; otherwise, return a ‘Yes’.

When dragged down to all the below rows, this formula would find all the cells (from A2 to A8) where the value is not ‘Blue’ and marks a ‘No’ against them. Otherwise, it marks a ‘Yes’ in the adjacent cells.

Example 3: Using ‘less than’ operator within the IF function.

In this example, we have scores of some students, along with their names. We want to assign either «Pass» or «Fail» against each student in the result column.

Based on our criteria, the passing score is 50 or more.

For this, we can use the IF function as:

This suggests that if the value at B2, i.e., 37, is less than 50, then return «Fail»; otherwise, return «Pass».

As 37 is less than 50 so the result will be «Fail».

We can drag the above-given formula for the rest of the cells below and the result would be correct.

Example 4: Using ‘greater than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.

Let’s take example 3 and see how we can reverse the logic and use a ‘greater than or equal to’ operator to construct the formula so that it still results in ‘Pass’ for scores of 50 or more and ‘Fail’ for all the other scores.

For this, we can use the Excel IF function as:

This suggests that if the value at B2, i.e., 37 is greater than or equal to 50, then return «Pass»; otherwise, return «Fail».

As 37 not greater than or equal to 50 so the result will be «Fail».

When dragged down for the rest of the cells below, this formula would assign the correct result in the adjacent rows.

Example 5: Using ‘greater than’ operator within the IF statement.

In this example, we have a small online store that gives a discount to its customers based on the amount they spend. If a customer spends $50 or more, he is applicable for a 5% discount; otherwise, no discounts are offered.

To find whether a discount is offered or not, we can use the following excel formula:

This translates to – If the value at B2 cell is greater than 50, assign a text «5% Discount» otherwise, assign a text «No Discount» against the customer.

In the first case, as 23 is not greater than 50, the output will be «No Discount».

We can drag the above-given formula for the rest of the cells below are the result would be correct.

Example 6: Using ‘less than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.

Let’s take example 5 and see how we can reverse the logic and use a ‘less than or equal to’ operator to construct the formula so that it still results in a ‘5% Discount’ for all customers whose total spend exceeds $50 and ‘No Discount’ for all the other customers.

For this, we can use the IF-then statement as:

This means that if the value at B2, i.e., 23, is less than or equal to 50, then return «No Discount»; otherwise, return «5% Discount».

As 23 is less than or equal to 50 so the result will be «No Discount».

When dragged down for the rest of the cells below, this formula would assign the correct result in the adjacent rows.

Example 7: Using an Excel Logical Function within the IF formula in Excel.

In this example, let’s suppose we have a list of numbers, and we have to mark Even and Odd numbers. We can do this using the IF condition and the ISEVEN or ISODD inbuilt functions provided by Microsoft Excel.

ISEVEN function returns ‘true’ if the number passed to it is even; otherwise, it returns a ‘false’. Similarly, ISODD function return ‘true’ if the number passed to it is odd; otherwise, it returns a ‘false’.

For this, we can use the IF-then statement as:

This means that – If the value at A2 cell is an even number, then the result would be «Even»; otherwise, the result would be «Odd».

Alternatively, the above logic can also be written using the ISODD function along with the IF statement as:

This means that – If the value at A2 cell is an odd number, then the result would be «Odd»; otherwise, the result would be «Even».

Example 8: Using the Excel IF function to return another formula a result.

In this example, we have Employee Data from a company. The company comes up with a simple way to reward its loyal employees. They decide to give the employees an annual bonus based on the years spent by the employee within the organization.

Employees with experience of more than 5 years are given 10% of annual salary as a bonus whereas everyone else gets a 5% of annual salary as a bonus.

For this, the excel formula would be:

This means that – if the value at B2 (experience column) is greater than 5, then return a result by calculating 10% of C2 (annual salary column). However, if the logic test is evaluated to false, then return the result by calculating 5% of C2 (annual salary column)

Use Of AND & OR Functions or Logical Operators with Excel IF Statement

Excel IF Statement can also be used along with the other functions like AND, OR, NOT for analyzing complex logic. These functions (AND, OR & NOT) are called logical operators as they are used for connecting two or more logical expressions.

AND Function– AND function returns true when all the conditions inside the AND function evaluate to true. The syntax of AND Function in Excel is:

OR Function– OR function returns true when any one of the conditions inside the OR function evaluates to true. The syntax of OR Function in Excel is:

Example 9: Using the IF function along with AND Function.

In this example, we have Math and science test scores of some students, and we want to assign a ‘Pass’ or ‘Fail’ value against the students based on their scores.

Passing criteria: Students have to get more than 50 marks in Math and more than 70 marks in science to pass the test.

Based on the above conditions, the formula would be:

The formula translates to – if the value at B2 (Math score) is greater than 50 and the value at C2 (Science Score) is greater than 70, then assign the value «Pass»; otherwise, assign the value «Fail».

Example 10: Using the IF function along with OR Function.

In this example, we have two test scores of some students, and we want to assign a ‘Pass’ or ‘Fail’ value against the students based on their scores.

Passing criteria: Students have to clear either one of the two tests with more than 50 marks.

Based on the above conditions, the formula would be:

The formula translates to – if either the value at B2 (Test 1 score) is greater than 50, OR the value at C2 (Test 2 Score) is greater than 50, then assign the value «Pass»; otherwise, assign the value «Fail».

Nested IF Statements

When used alone, IF formula can only result in two outcomes, i.e., True or False. But there are many cases when we want to test multiple outcomes with IF statement.

In such cases, nesting two or more IF Then statements one inside another can be convenient in writing formulas.

Syntax:

The syntax of the Nested IF Then statements is as follows:

‘condition_1’ – Refers to the first logical test or conditional expression that needs to be evaluated by the outer IF function.
‘value_if_true_1’ – Refers to the value that will be returned by the outer IF function if the ‘condition_1’ evaluates to TRUE.
‘condition_2’ – Refers to the second logical test or conditional expression that needs to be evaluated by the inner IF function.
‘value_if_true_2’ – Refers to the value that will be returned by the inner IF function if the ‘condition_2’ evaluates to TRUE.
‘value_if_false_2’ – Refers to the value that will be returned by the inner IF function if the ‘condition_2’ evaluates to FALSE.

The above syntax translates to this:

As we can see, Nested formulas can quickly become complicated so, let’s try to understand how nesting of the IF statement works with an example.

Example 11: Nested IF Statements

In this example, we have a list of countries and their average temperatures in degree Celsius for the month of January. Our goal is to categorize the country based on the temperature range as follows:

Criteria: Temperatures below 20 °C should be marked as «Below Room Temperature», temperatures between 20°C to 25°C should be classified as «Normal Room Temperature», whereas any temperature over 25°C should be marked as «Above Room Temperature».

Based on the above conditions, the formula would be:

The formula translates to – if the value at B2 is less than 20, then the text «Below Room Temperature» is returned from the outer IF block. However, if the value at B2 is greater than or equal to 20, then the inner IF block is evaluated.

Inside the inner IF block, the value at B2 is checked. If the value at B2 is greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 25. Then the inner IF block returns the text «Normal Room Temperature».

However, if the condition inside the inner IF block also evaluates to ‘false’ that means the value at B2 is greater than 25, so the result will be «Above Room Temperature».

Partial Matching or Wildcards with IF Function

Although IF function itself doesn’t accept any wildcard characters like (* or ?) while performing the logic test, thankfully, there are ways to perform partial matching and wildcard searches with the IF function.

To perform partial matching inside the IF function, we can use the FIND (case sensitive) or SEARCH (case insensitive) functions.

Let’s have a look at this with some examples.

Example 12: Using FIND and SEARCH functions inside the IF statement

In this example, we have a list of customers, and we need to find all the customers whose last name is «Flynn». If the customer name contains the text «Flynn», then we need to assign a text «Found» against their names. Otherwise, we need to assign a text «Not Found».

For this, we can make use of the FIND function within the IF function as:

Using the FIND function, we perform a case-sensitive search of the text «Flynn» within the customer name column. If the FIND function is able to find the text «Flynn», it returns a number signifying the position where it found the text.

If the number returned by the FIND function is valid, the ISNUMBER Function returns a value true. Else, it returns false. Based on the ISNUMBER function’s output, the logic test is performed and the appropriate value «Found» or «Not Found» is assigned.

Note: It should be noted that the FIND function performs a case-sensitive search.

This means in the above example if the customer name is entered in lower case (like «sean flynn» then the above function would return not found against them.

To perform a case-insensitive search, we can replace the find function with the search function, and the rest of the formula would be the same.

Example 13: Using SEARCH function inside the Excel IF formula with wildcard operators

In this example, we have the same customer list from example 12, and we need to find all the customers whose name contains «M». If the customer name contains the alphabet «M», we need to assign a text «M Found» against their names. Otherwise, we need to assign a text «M Not Found».

For this, we can use the SEARCH function with a wildcard ‘*’ operator inside the IF function as:

For more details on Search Function and wildcard, operators check out this article – Search Function In Excel

Some Practical Examples of using the IF function

Now, let’s have a look at some more practical examples of the Excel IF Function.

Example 14: Using Excel IF function with dates.

In this example, we have a task list along with the task due dates. Our goal is to show results based on the task due date.

If the task due date was in the past, we need to show «Was due <1,2,3..>day(s) back», if the task due date is today’s date, we need to show «Today» and similarly, if the task due date is in the future then we need to show «Due in <1,2,3..>day(s)»

In Microsoft Excel, we can do this with the help of the IF-then statement and TODAY function, as shown below:

This means that – compare the date present in cell B2 if the date is equal to today’s date show the text «Today». If the date in cell B2 is not equal to today’s date, then the inner IF block checks if the date in B2 is greater than today’s date. If the date in cell B2 is greater than today’s date, that means the date is in the future, so show the text «Due in <1,2,3…>days».

However, if the date in cell B2 is not greater than today’s date, that means the date was in the past; in such a case, show the text «Was due <1,2,3..>day(s) back».

You can also go a step further and apply conditional formatting on the range and highlight all the cells with the text «Today!». This will help you to clearly see

Example 15: Use an IF function-based formula to find blank cells in excel.

In this example, we will use the IF function to find the blank cells in Microsoft Excel. We have a list of customers, and in between the list, some of the cells are blank. We aim to find the blank cells and add the text «blank call found!» against them.

We can do this with the help of the IF function along with the ISBLANK function. The ISBLANK function returns a true if the cell reference passed to it is blank. Otherwise, the ISBLANK function returns false.

Let’s see the formula –

This means that – If the cell at A2 is blank, then the resultant text should be «Blank cell found!», however, if the cell at A2 is not blank, then don’t show any text.

Example 16: Use the Excel IF statement to show symbolic results (instead of textual results).

In this example, we have a list of sales employees of a company along with the number of products sold by the employees in the current month. We want to show an upward arrow symbol (↑) if the employee has done more than 50 sales and a downward arrow symbol (↓) if the employee has made less than 50 sales.

To do this, we can use the formula:

This implies – If the value at B2 is greater than 50, then, as a result, show the content in cell G6 (cell containing upward arrow) and otherwise show the content at G8 (cell containing downward arrow)

If you wonder about the ‘$’ signs used in the formula, you can check out this post – Excel Absolute References . These ‘$’ symbols are used for making excel cell references absolute.

IFS Function In Excel:

IFS Function in Microsoft Excel is a great alternative to nested IF Statements. It is very similar to a switch statement. The IFS function evaluates multiple conditions passed to it and returns the value corresponding to the first condition that evaluates to true.

IFS function is a lot simple to write and read than nested IF statements. IFS function is available in Office 2019 and higher versions.

Syntax for IFS function:

‘test1’ (required argument) – Refers to the first logical test that needs to be evaluated.

‘value1’ (required argument) – Refers to the result to be returned when ‘test1’ evaluates to TRUE.

‘test2’ (optional argument) – Refers to the second logical test that needs to be evaluated

‘value2’ (optional argument) – Refers to the result to be returned when ‘test2’ evaluates to TRUE.

Example 17: Using IFS function in Excel

In this example, we have a list of students, along with their scores, and we need to assign a grade to the students based on the scores.

The grading criteria is as follows – Grade A for a score of 90 or more, Grade B for a score between 80 to 89.99, Grade C for a score between 70 to 79.99, Grade D for a score between 60 to 69.99, Grade E for a score between 60 to 59.99, Grade F for a score lower than 50.

Let’s see how easily write such a complicated formula with the IFS function:

This implies that – If B2 is greater than or equal to 90, return A. Else if B2 is greater than or equal to 80, return B. Else if B2 is greater than or equal to 70, return C. Else if B2 is greater than or equal to 60, return D. Else if B2 is greater than or equal to 50, return E. Else if B2 is less than 50, return F.

If you would try to write the same formula using nested IF statements, see how long and complicated it becomes:

So, this was all about the IF function in excel. If you want to learn more about IF function, I would recommend you to go through this article – VBA IF Statement With Examples

Subscribe and be a part of our 15,000+ member family!

Now subscribe to Excel Trick and get a free copy of our ebook «200+ Excel Shortcuts» (printable format) to catapult your productivity.

Источник

The IF function allows you to make a logical comparison between a value and what you expect by testing for a condition and returning a result if that condition is True or False.

=IF(Something is True, then do something, otherwise do something else)

But what if you need to test multiple conditions, where let’s say all conditions need to be True or False (AND), or only one condition needs to be True or False (OR), or if you want to check if a condition does NOT meet your criteria? All 3 functions can be used on their own, but it’s much more common to see them paired with IF functions.

Use the IF function along with AND, OR and NOT to perform multiple evaluations if conditions are True or False.

Syntax

IF(AND()) — IF(AND(logical1, [logical2], …), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))
IF(OR()) — IF(OR(logical1, [logical2], …), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))
IF(NOT()) — IF(NOT(logical1), value_if_true, [value_if_false]))


Argument name	Description
logical_test (required)	The condition you want to test.
value_if_true (required)	The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is TRUE.

value_if_false (optional)	The value that you want returned if the result of logical_test is FALSE.

Here are overviews of how to structure AND, OR and NOT functions individually. When you combine each one of them with an IF statement, they read like this:

AND – =IF(AND(Something is True, Something else is True), Value if True, Value if False)
OR – =IF(OR(Something is True, Something else is True), Value if True, Value if False)
NOT – =IF(NOT(Something is True), Value if True, Value if False)

Examples

Here are the formulas spelled out according to their logic:

Formula	Description
=IF(AND(A2>0,B2<100),TRUE, FALSE)	IF A2 (25) is greater than 0, AND B2 (75) is less than 100, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case both conditions are true, so TRUE is returned.
=IF(AND(A3=»Red»,B3=»Green»),TRUE,FALSE)	If A3 (“Blue”) = “Red”, AND B3 (“Green”) equals “Green” then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case only the first condition is true, so FALSE is returned.
=IF(OR(A4>0,B4<50),TRUE, FALSE)	IF A4 (25) is greater than 0, OR B4 (75) is less than 50, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case, only the first condition is TRUE, but since OR only requires one argument to be true the formula returns TRUE.
=IF(OR(A5=»Red»,B5=»Green»),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A5 (“Blue”) equals “Red”, OR B5 (“Green”) equals “Green” then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case, the second argument is True, so the formula returns TRUE.
=IF(NOT(A6>50),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A6 (25) is NOT greater than 50, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case 25 is not greater than 50, so the formula returns TRUE.
=IF(NOT(A7=»Red»),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A7 (“Blue”) is NOT equal to “Red”, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE.

Here are some examples of using AND, OR and NOT to evaluate dates.

Here are the formulas spelled out according to their logic:

Formula	Description
=IF(A2>B2,TRUE,FALSE)	IF A2 is greater than B2, return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. 03/12/14 is greater than 01/01/14, so the formula returns TRUE.
=IF(AND(A3>B2,A3<C2),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A3 is greater than B2 AND A3 is less than C2, return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case both arguments are true, so the formula returns TRUE.
=IF(OR(A4>B2,A4<B2+60),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A4 is greater than B2 OR A4 is less than B2 + 60, return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case the first argument is true, but the second is false. Since OR only needs one of the arguments to be true, the formula returns TRUE. If you use the Evaluate Formula Wizard from the Formula tab you’ll see how Excel evaluates the formula.
=IF(NOT(A5>B2),TRUE,FALSE)	IF A5 is not greater than B2, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case, A5 is greater than B2, so the formula returns FALSE.

Using AND, OR and NOT with Conditional Formatting

You can also use AND, OR and NOT to set Conditional Formatting criteria with the formula option. When you do this you can omit the IF function and use AND, OR and NOT on their own.

From the Home tab, click Conditional Formatting > New Rule. Next, select the “Use a formula to determine which cells to format” option, enter your formula and apply the format of your choice.

Using the earlier Dates example, here is what the formulas would be.

Formula	Description
=A2>B2	If A2 is greater than B2, format the cell, otherwise do nothing.
=AND(A3>B2,A3<C2)	If A3 is greater than B2 AND A3 is less than C2, format the cell, otherwise do nothing.
=OR(A4>B2,A4<B2+60)	If A4 is greater than B2 OR A4 is less than B2 plus 60 (days), then format the cell, otherwise do nothing.
=NOT(A5>B2)	If A5 is NOT greater than B2, format the cell, otherwise do nothing. In this case A5 is greater than B2, so the result will return FALSE. If you were to change the formula to =NOT(B2>A5) it would return TRUE and the cell would be formatted.

Note: A common error is to enter your formula into Conditional Formatting without the equals sign (=). If you do this you’ll see that the Conditional Formatting dialog will add the equals sign and quotes to the formula — =»OR(A4>B2,A4<B2+60)», so you’ll need to remove the quotes before the formula will respond properly.

Need more help?

The syntax of the function «IF» with one condition

The operation syntax in Excel is the structure of the functions necessary for its operation data.

=IF(boolean;value_if_TRUE;value_if_FALSE)

Let us consider the function syntax:

Boolean – what the operator checks (text or numeric data cell).
Value_if_TRUE – what will appear in the cell when the text or numbers correspond to a predetermined condition (true).
Value_if_FALSE – what appears in the box when the text or the number does not meet the predetermined condition (false).

Example:

Logical IF functions.

The operator checks the A1 cell and compares it to 20. This is a «Boolean». When the contents of the column is more than 20, there is a true legend «greater 20». In the other case it’s «less or equal 20».

Attention! The words in the formula need to be quoted. For Excel to understand that you want to display text values.

Here is one more example. To gain admission to the exam, a group of students must successfully pass a test. The results are listed in a table with columns: a list of students, a credit, an exam.

list.

The statement IF should check not the digital data type but the text. Therefore, we prescribed in the formula В2= «done» We take the quotes for the program to recognize the text correctly.

The function IF in Excel with multiple conditions

Usually one condition for the logic function is not enough. If you need to consider several options for decision-making, spread operators’ IF into each other. Thus, we get several functions IF in Excel.

The syntax is as follows:

Here the operator checks the two parameters. If the first condition is true, the formula returns the first argument is the truth. False — the operator checks the second condition.

Examples of a few conditions of the function IF in Excel:

It’s a table for the analysis of the progress. The student received 5 points:

А – excellent;
В – above average or superior work;
C – satisfactory;
D – a passing grade;
E – completely unsatisfactory.

IF statement checks two conditions: the equality of value in the cells.

In this example, we have added a third condition, which implies the presence of another report card and «twos». The principle of the operator is the same.

Enhanced functionality with the help of the operators «AND» and «OR»

When you need to check out a few of the true conditions you use the function И. The point is: IF A = 1 AND A = 2 THEN meaning в ELSE meaning с.

OR function checks the condition 1 or condition 2. As soon as at least one condition is true, the result is true. The point is: IF A = 1 OR A = 2 THEN value B ELSE value C.

Functions AND & OR can check up to 30 conditions.

An example of using the operator AND:

It’s the example of using the logical operator OR.

How to compare data in two tables

Users often need to compare the two spreadsheets in an Excel to match. Examples of the «life»: compare the prices of goods in different bringing, to compare balances (accounting reports) in a few months, the progress of pupils (students) of different classes, in different quarters, etc.

To compare the two tables in Excel, you can use the COUNTIFS statement. Consider the order of application functions.

For example, consider the two tables with the specifications of various food processors. We planned allocation of color differences. This problem in Excel solves the conditional formatting.

Baseline data (tables, which will work with):

tables.

Select the first table. Conditional Formatting — create a rule — use a formula to determine the formatted cells:

In the formula bar write: = COUNTIFS (comparable range; first cell of first table)=0. Comparing range is in the second table.

To drive the formula into the range, just select it first cell and the last. «= 0» means the search for the exact command (not approximate) values.

Choose the format and establish what changes in the cell formula in compliance. It’s better to do a color fill.

Select the second table. Conditional Formatting — create a rule — use the formula. Use the same operator (COUNTIFS). For the second table formula:

Download all examples in Excel

Now it is easy to compare the characteristics of the data in the table.

Источник

Excel IF AND OR functions on their own aren’t very exciting, but mix them up with the IF Statement and you’ve got yourself a formula that’s much more powerful.

In this tutorial we’re going to take a look at the basics of the AND and OR functions and then put them to work with an IF Statement. If you aren’t familiar with IF Statements, click here to read that tutorial first.

IF Formula Builder

Our IF Formula Builder does the hard work of creating IF formulas.

You just need to enter a few pieces of information, and the workbook creates the formula for you.

AND Function

The AND function belongs to the logic family of formulas, along with IF, OR and a few others. It’s useful when you have multiple conditions that must be met.

In Excel language on its own the AND formula reads like this:

=AND(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=AND(is condition 1 true, AND condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

OR Function

The OR function is useful when you are happy if one, OR another condition is met.

In Excel language on its own the OR formula reads like this:

=OR(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=OR(is condition 1 true, OR condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

See, I did say they weren’t very exciting, but let’s mix them up with IF and put AND and OR to work.

IF AND Formula

First let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, AND formula:

In our spreadsheet below we want to calculate a bonus to pay the children’s TV personalities listed. The rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1) If the TV personality is Popular AND

2) If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus (my 4 year old will write them an IOU, he’s good for it though).

In cell D2 we will enter our IF AND formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, AND he earns <$100k),  calculate his salary x 10%, if not put "Nil" in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(AND(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

You’ll notice that the two conditions are typed in first, and then the outcomes are entered. You can have more than two conditions; in fact you can have up to 30 by simply separating each condition with a comma (see warning below about going overboard with this though).

IF OR Formula

Again let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, OR formula:

The revised rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1) If the TV personality is Popular OR

2) If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus.

In cell D2 we will enter our IF OR formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, OR he earns <$100k), calculate his salary x 10%, if not put “Nil” in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(OR(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

Notice how a subtle change from the AND function to the OR function has a significant impact on the bonus figure.

Just like the AND function, you can have up to 30 OR conditions nested in the one formula, again just separate each condition with a comma.

Try other operators

You can set your conditions to test for specific text, as I have done in this example with B2=»Yes», just put the text you want to check between inverted comas “ ”.

Alternatively you can test for a number and because the AND and OR functions belong to the logic family, you can employ different tests other than the less than (<) operator used in the examples above.

Other operators you could use are:

= Equal to
> Greater Than
<= Less than or equal to
>= Greater than or equal to
<> Less than or greater than

Warning: Don’t go overboard with nesting IF, AND, and OR’s, as it will be painful to decipher if you or someone else ever needs to update the formula in months or years to come.

Note: These formulas work in all versions of Excel, however versions pre Excel 2007 are limited to 7 nested IF’s.

Download the Workbook

Enter your email address below to download the sample workbook.

By submitting your email address you agree that we can email you our Excel newsletter.

Excel IF AND OR Practice Questions

IF AND Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E), that returns the text ‘Yes’, when a product SKU should be reordered, based on the following criteria:

If Stock on hand is less than 20,000 AND
Demand level is ‘High’

If the above conditions are met, return ‘Yes’, otherwise, return ‘No’.

Tips for working with the embedded workbook:

Use arrow keys to move around the worksheet when you can’t click on the cells with your mouse
Use shortcut keys CTRL+C to copy and CTRL+V to paste
Don’t forget to absolute cell references where applicable
Do not enter anything in column F
Double click to edit a cell
Refresh the page to reset the embedded workbook

IF OR Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E) that calculates the bonus due for each salesperson. A $500 bonus is paid if a salesperson meets either target in cells C24 and C25, otherwise they earn $0 bonus.

Want More Excel Formulas

Why not visit our list of Excel formulas. You’ll find a huge range all explained in plain English, plus PivotTables and other Excel tools and tricks. Enjoy 🙂

Источник

IF AND Excel Formula

The IF AND excel formula is the combination of two different logical functions often nested together that enables the user to evaluate multiple conditions using AND functions. Based on the output of the AND function, the IF function returns either the “true” or “false” value, respectively.

The IF formula in ExcelIF function in Excel evaluates whether a given condition is met and returns a value depending on whether the result is “true” or “false”. It is a conditional function of Excel, which returns the result based on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of the given criteria.
read more is used to test and compare the conditions expressed with the expected value. It is used to test a single criterion.
The logical AND formula is used to test multiple criteria. It returns “true” if all the conditions mentioned are satisfied, or else returns “false.” It tests more than one criterion and accordingly returns an output. It can also be used along with the IF formula to return the desired result.

IF AND Excel Formula
- Syntax
- How to Use IF AND Excel Statement?
  - Example #1
  - Example #2
  - Example #3
- The Characteristics of IF AND function
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Recommended Articles

Syntax

The IF AND formula can be applied as follows:

“=IF(AND (Condition 1,Condition 2,…),Value _if _True,Value _if _False)”

You are free to use this image on your website, templates, etc, Please provide us with an attribution linkArticle Link to be Hyperlinked
For eg:
Source: IF AND in Excel (wallstreetmojo.com)

How to Use IF AND Excel Statement?

You can download this IF AND Formula Excel Template here – IF AND Formula Excel Template

Let us understand the usage of the IF AND formula with the help of some examples mentioned below:

Example #1

The table given below provides a list of apartments along with their age (in years) and type of society. Now we need to perform a comparative analysis for the apartments based on the age of the building and the type of society.

Here, we use the combination of less than equal (<=) to operator and the equal to (=) text functions in the condition to be demonstrated for IF AND function.

The IF AND formula used to perform the analysis is stated as follows:

“=IF(AND(B2<=2,C2=“Gated”),“Consider”, “”)”

The succeeding image shows the IF AND condition applied to perform the evaluation.

Press “Enter” to get the answer.

Drag the formula to find the results for all the apartments.

The results in the cell D of the above table shows that the IF AND formula will be performing one among the following:

If both the arguments entered in the AND function is “true,” then the IF function will return that apartment to be “Consider.”
If either of the arguments in the AND functionThe AND function in Excel is classified as a logical function; it returns TRUE if the specified conditions are met, otherwise it returns FALSE.read more is “false” or both the arguments entered are “false,” then the IF function will return a blank string.

The IF AND formula can also perform calculations based on whether the AND function returns “true” or “false,” apart from returning only the predefined text strings.

We will understand this concept with the help of the below-mentioned example.

Example #2

The given data tableA data table in excel is a type of what-if analysis tool that allows you to compare variables and see how they impact the result and overall data. It can be found under the data tab in the what-if analysis section.read more has the list of employee name along with their orders received, performance, and salaries. Calculate the employee hike (or bonus) based on two parameters–the number of orders received and performance.

The criteria to calculate the bonus is as follows.

The number of orders received is greater than or equal to 200, and the performance is equal to “A.”

The IF AND formula will be,

“=IF(AND(B2>=200,C2= “A”),D2*10%,D2*5%)”

Press “Enter” to get the final output. The bonus appears in cell E2.

Drag the formula to find the bonus of all employees.

Based on these results, the IF formula does the following evaluation:

If both the conditions are satisfied, the AND function returns “true,” then the bonus received is calculated as salary multiplied by 10%.
If either one or both the conditions are found to be “false” by the AND function, then the bonus is calculated as salary multiplied by 5%.

Examples 1 and 2 have only two criteria to test and evaluate. Using multiple arguments or conditions to test them for “true” or “false” is also allowed.

Example #3

Let us evaluate multiple criteria and use AND function.

A table with five stocks and their parameter details including financial ratiosFinancial ratios are indications of a company’s financial performance. There are several forms of financial ratios that indicate the company’s results, financial risks, and operational efficiency, such as the liquidity ratio, asset turnover ratio, operating profitability ratios, business risk ratios, financial risk ratio, stability ratios, and so on.read more, such as ROCEReturn on Capital Employed (ROCE) is a metric that analyses how effectively a company uses its capital and, as a result, indicates long-term profitability. ROCE=EBIT/Capital Employed.read more, ROEReturn on Equity (ROE) represents financial performance of a company. It is calculated as the net income divided by the shareholders equity. ROE signifies the efficiency in which the company is using assets to make profit.read more, Debt to equityThe debt to equity ratio is a representation of the company’s capital structure that determines the proportion of external liabilities to the shareholders’ equity. It helps the investors determine the organization’s leverage position and risk level. read more, and PE ratioThe price to earnings (PE) ratio measures the relative value of the corporate stocks, i.e., whether it is undervalued or overvalued. It is calculated as the proportion of the current price per share to the earnings per share. read more is provided (shown in the below table). Using this data lets us test the condition to invest in suitable stocks. That is, using the parameters, let us analyze the stocks to derive the best investment horizonThe term «investment horizon» refers to the amount of time an investor is expected to hold an investment portfolio or a security before selling it. Depending on the need for funds and risk appetite, the investor may invest for a few days or hours to a few years or decades.read more, which is important for growth.

The following syntax is used where the conditions are applied to arrive at the result (shown in the below table).

“=IF(AND(B2>18%,C2>20%,D2<2,E2<30%),“Invest”,“”)”

Press “Enter” to get the final output (Investment Criteria) of the above formula.

Drag the formula to find the Investment Criteria.

In the above data table, the AND function tests for the parameters using the operators. The resulting output generated by the IF formula is as follows:

If all the four criteria mentioned in the AND function are tested and satisfied, then the IF function returns the “Invest” text string.
If either one or more among the four conditions or all the four conditions fail to satisfy the AND function, then the IF function returns empty strings (“”).

The Characteristics of IF AND function

The IF AND function does not differentiate between case-insensitive texts.
The AND function can be used to evaluate up to 255 conditions for “true” or “false,” and the total formula length does not exceed 8192 characters.
Text values or blank cells are given as an argument to test the conditions in AND function.
The AND formula will return “#VALUE!” if there is no logical output found while evaluating the conditions.

IF AND excel statement is a combination of two logical functions that tests and evaluates multiple conditions.
The output of the AND function is based on, whether the IF function will return the value “true” or “false,” respectively.
IF function is used to test a single criterion whereas, the AND function is used to test multiple criteria.
The syntax of the IF AND formula is:

“=IF(AND (Condition 1,Condition 2,…),Value _if _True,Value _if _False)”

The IF AND formula also performs a calculation based on whether the AND function is “true” or “false” apart from returning only the predefined text strings.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How to use IF AND function in Excel?

The IF AND excel statement is the two logical functions often nested together.

Syntax:
“=IF(AND(Condition1,Condition2, value_if_true,vaue_if_false)”

The IF formula is used to test and compare the conditions expressed, along with the expected value. It provides the desired result if the condition is either “true” or “false.”

The AND formula is used to test multiple criteria. It returns “true” if all the given conditions are satisfied, or else returns “false.”

2. What is the IF AND function in Excel?

IF AND formula is applied as the combination of the two logical functions that enable the user to evaluate the multiple conditions. Based on the output of the AND function, the IF function returns the output “true” or “false.”

3. How to combine IF and AND functions in Excel?

To combine IF and AND functions, you need to replace the “condition_test” argument in the IF function with AND function.

“=IF(condition_test, value_if_true,vaue_if_false)”

“=IF(AND(Condition1,Condition2, value_if_true,vaue_if_false)”

In AND function we can use multiple conditions.

Excel IF statement with multiple conditions

The final section of this article is focused on how to write an Excel IF statement with multiple conditions, and it includes two examples:

multiple nested IF statements (also known as nested IFS)
formula with a mix of AND, OR, and NOT conditions

How many IF statements can you nest in Excel? The answer is 64, but I’ve never seen a formula that uses that many. Also, I’m sure that there are far better alternatives to using such a complicated formula.

Multiple nested IF statements

In this example, I have calculated the grade of the students based on their scores using a formula with 4 nested IF functions.

=IF(E107<60, "F", IF(E107<70, "D", IF(E107<80, "C", IF(E107<90, "B" ,"A"))))

Note: In this case, the order of the conditions influences the result of your formula. When your conditions overlap, Excel will return the [value_if_true] argument from the first IF statement that is TRUE and ignores the rest of the values. If you want your formula to work properly, always pay attention to the logical flow and the order of your nested IF functions.

If you have to write an IF statement with 3 outcomes, then you only need to use one nested IF function. The first IF statement will handle the first outcome, while the second one will return the second and the third possible outcomes.

Note: If you have Office 365 installed, then you can also use the new IFS function. You can read more about IFS on Microsoft’s website.

Multiple IF statements in Excel with AND, OR, and NOT conditions

I have saved the best for last. This example is the most advanced from this article, as it involves an IF statement with several other logical functions.

In the exercise file, I have included a list of orders. Each row includes the order date, the order value, the product category, and the free shipping flag. We want to flag orders as eligible if the following cumulative logical conditions are met:

the order was placed during 2020
the order includes products from only two categories: PC or Laptop
the order was not flagged as Free shipping

The formula I’ve used for cell H80 is shown below:

=IF(AND(D80>=DATE(2020,1,1), D80<=DATE(2020,12,31), OR(F80="PC", F80="Laptop"), NOT(G80="Yes")), "Eligible", "Not eligible")

Here’s how this works:

AND makes sure that all the logical conditions need to be met to flag the order as Eligible. If any of them is FALSE, then our entire IF statement will return the [value_if_false] argument.
D80>=DATE(2020,1,1) and D80<=DATE(2020,12,31) check if the order was placed between January 1st and December 31st, 2020.
OR is used to check whether the product category is PC or Laptop.
Finally, NOT is used to check if the Free shipping flag is different from Yes.

I’ve also added a video that shows how to nest IF functions in case you are still having difficulties understanding how a nested IF formula works.

And there you have it. I hope that after reading this guide, you have a much better understanding of using IF function with 3 logical tests (or any number actually). While it may seem intimidating at first, I guarantee that if you write an IF formula with multiple criteria daily, your productivity will eventually skyrocket.

This is why, if you have any questions on how to use IF function with 3 conditions, please leave a comment below and I will do my best to help you out. I reply to every comment or email that I receive.

Источник

Things will not always be the way we want them to be. The unexpected can happen. For example, let’s say you have to divide numbers. Trying to divide any number by zero (0) gives an error. Logical functions come in handy such cases. In this tutorial, we are going to cover the following topics.

In this tutorial, we are going to cover the following topics.

What is a Logical Function?
IF function example
Excel Logic functions explained
Nested IF functions

What is a Logical Function?

It is a feature that allows us to introduce decision-making when executing formulas and functions. Functions are used to;

Check if a condition is true or false
Combine multiple conditions together

What is a condition and why does it matter?

A condition is an expression that either evaluates to true or false. The expression could be a function that determines if the value entered in a cell is of numeric or text data type, if a value is greater than, equal to or less than a specified value, etc.

IF Function example

We will work with the home supplies budget from this tutorial. We will use the IF function to determine if an item is expensive or not. We will assume that items with a value greater than 6,000 are expensive. Those that are less than 6,000 are less expensive. The following image shows us the dataset that we will work with.

Put the cursor focus in cell F4
Enter the following formula that uses the IF function

=IF(E4<6000,”Yes”,”No”)

HERE,

“=IF(…)” calls the IF functions
“E4<6000” is the condition that the IF function evaluates. It checks the value of cell address E4 (subtotal) is less than 6,000
“Yes” this is the value that the function will display if the value of E4 is less than 6,000
“No” this is the value that the function will display if the value of E4 is greater than 6,000

When you are done press the enter key

You will get the following results

Excel Logic functions explained

The following table shows all of the logical functions in Excel

S/N	FUNCTION	CATEGORY	DESCRIPTION	USAGE
01	AND	Logical	Checks multiple conditions and returns true if they all the conditions evaluate to true.	=AND(1 > 0,ISNUMBER(1)) The above function returns TRUE because both Condition is True.
02	FALSE	Logical	Returns the logical value FALSE. It is used to compare the results of a condition or function that either returns true or false	FALSE()
03	IF	Logical	Verifies whether a condition is met or not. If the condition is met, it returns true. If the condition is not met, it returns false. =IF(logical_test,[value_if_true],[value_if_false])	=IF(ISNUMBER(22),”Yes”, “No”) 22 is Number so that it return Yes.
04	IFERROR	Logical	Returns the expression value if no error occurs. If an error occurs, it returns the error value	=IFERROR(5/0,”Divide by zero error”)
05	IFNA	Logical	Returns value if #N/A error does not occur. If #N/A error occurs, it returns NA value. #N/A error means a value if not available to a formula or function.	=IFNA(D6*E6,0) N.B the above formula returns zero if both or either D6 or E6 is/are empty
06	NOT	Logical	Returns true if the condition is false and returns false if condition is true	=NOT(ISTEXT(0)) N.B. the above function returns true. This is because ISTEXT(0) returns false and NOT function converts false to TRUE
07	OR	Logical	Used when evaluating multiple conditions. Returns true if any or all of the conditions are true. Returns false if all of the conditions are false	=OR(D8=”admin”,E8=”cashier”) N.B. the above function returns true if either or both D8 and E8 admin or cashier
08	TRUE	Logical	Returns the logical value TRUE. It is used to compare the results of a condition or function that either returns true or false	TRUE()

A nested IF function is an IF function within another IF function. Nested if statements come in handy when we have to work with more than two conditions. Let’s say we want to develop a simple program that checks the day of the week. If the day is Saturday we want to display “party well”, if it’s Sunday we want to display “time to rest”, and if it’s any day from Monday to Friday we want to display, remember to complete your to do list.

A nested if function can help us to implement the above example. The following flowchart shows how the nested IF function will be implemented.

The formula for the above flowchart is as follows

=IF(B1=”Sunday”,”time to rest”,IF(B1=”Saturday”,”party well”,”to do list”))

HERE,

“=IF(….)” is the main if function
“=IF(…,IF(….))” the second IF function is the nested one. It provides further evaluation if the main IF function returned false.

Practical example

Create a new workbook and enter the data as shown below

Enter the following formula

=IF(B1=”Sunday”,”time to rest”,IF(B1=”Saturday”,”party well”,”to do list”))

Enter Saturday in cell address B1
You will get the following results

Download the Excel file used in Tutorial

Summary

Logical functions are used to introduce decision-making when evaluating formulas and functions in Excel.

Источник

This tutorial demonstrates how to use the IF Function in Excel and Google Sheets to create If Then Statements.

IF Function Overview

The IF Function Checks whether a condition is met. If TRUE do one thing, if FALSE do another.

How to Use the IF Function

Here’s a very basic example so you can see what I mean. Try typing the following into Excel:

=IF( 2 + 2 = 4,"It’s true", "It’s false!")

Since 2 + 2 does in fact equal 4, Excel will return “It’s true!”. If we used this:

=IF( 2 + 2 = 5,"It’s true", "It’s false!")

Now Excel will return “It’s false!”, because 2 + 2 does not equal 5.

Here’s how you might use the IF statement in a spreadsheet.

=IF(C4-D4>0,C4-D4,0)

You run a sports bar and you set individual tab limits for different customers. You’ve set up this spreadsheet to check if each customer is over their limit, in which case you’ll cut them off until they pay their tab.

You check if C4-D4 (their current tab amount minus their limit), is greater than 0. This is your logical test. If this is true, IF returns “Yes” – you should cut them off. If this is false, IF returns “No” – you let them keep drinking.

What can IF Return?

Above we returned a text string, “Yes” or “No”. But you can also return numbers, or even other formulas.

Let’s say some of your customers are running up big tabs. To discourage this, you’re going to start charging interest on customers who go over their limit.

You can use IF for that:

=IF(C4>D4,C4*0.03,0)

If the tab is higher than the limit, return the tab multiplied by 0.03, which returns 3% of the tab. Otherwise, return 0: they aren’t over their tab, so you won’t charge interest.

Using IF with AND

You can combine IF with Excel’s AND Function to test more than one condition. Excel will only return TRUE if ALL of the tests are true.

So, you implemented your interest rate. But some of your regulars are complaining. They’ve always paid their tabs in the past, why are you cracking down on them now? You come up with a solution: you won’t charge interest to certain trusted customers.

You make a new column to your spreadsheet to identify trusted customers, and update your IF statement with an AND function:

=IF(AND(C4>D4, F4="No"),C4*0.03,0)

IF AND

Let’s look at the AND part separately:

AND(C4>D4, F4="No")

Note the two conditions:

C4>D4: checking if they’re over their tab limit, as before
F4=”No”: this is the new bit, checking if they are not a trusted customer

So now we only return the interest rate if the customer is over their tab, AND we have “No” in the trusted customer column. Your regulars are happy again.

Using IF with OR

The OR Function allows you to test more than one condition, returning TRUE if any conditions are met.

Maybe customers being over their tab is not the only reason you’d cut them off. Maybe you give some people a temporary ban for other reasons, gambling on the premises perhaps.

So you add a new column to identify banned customers, and update your “Cut off?” column with an OR test:

=IF(OR(C4>D4,E4="Yes"),"Yes","No")

Looking just at the OR part:

OR(C4>D4,E4="Yes")

There are two conditions:

C4>D4: checking if they’re over their tab limit
F4=”Yes”: the new part, checking if they are currently banned

This will evaluate to true if they are over their tab, or if there is a “Yes” in column E. As you can see, Harry is cut off now, even though he’s not over his tab limit.

Using IF with XOR

The XOR Function returns TRUE if only one condition is met. If more than one condition is met (or not conditions are met). It returns FALSE.

An example might make this clearer. Imagine you want to start giving monthly bonuses to your staff :

If they sell over $800 in food, or over $800 in drinks, you’ll give them a half bonus
If they sell over $800 in both, you’ll give them a full bonus
If they sell under $800 in both, they don’t get any bonus.

You already know how to work out if they get the full bonus. You’d just use IF with AND, as described earlier.

=IF(AND(C4>800,D4>800),"Yes","No")

But how would you work out who gets the half bonus? That’s where XOR comes in:

=IF(XOR(C4>=800,D4>=800),"Yes","No")

As you can see, Woody’s drink sales were over $800, but not food sales. So he gets the half bonus. The reverse is true for Coach. Diane and Carla sold more than $800 for both, so they don’t get a half bonus (both arguments are TRUE), and Rebecca made under the threshold for both (both arguments FALSE), so the formula again returns “No”.

Using IF with NOT

The NOT Function reverses the outcome of a logical test. In other words, it checks whether a condition has not been met.

You can use it with IF like this:

=IF(AND(C3>=1985,NOT(D3="Steven Spielberg")),"Watch", "Don’t Watch")

IF NOT

Here we have a table with data on some 1980s movies. We want to identify movies released on or after 1985, that were not directed by Steven Spielberg.

Because NOT is nested within an AND Function, Excel will evaluate that first. It will then use the result as part of the AND.

Nested IF Statements

You can also return an IF statement within your IF statement. This enables you to make more complex calculations.

Let’s go back to our customers table. Imagine you want to classify customers based on their debt level to you:

$0: None
Up to $500: Low
$500 to $1000: Medium
Over $1000: High

You can do this by “nesting” IF statements:

=IF(C4=0,"None",IF(C4<=500,"Low",IF(C4<=1000,"Medium",IF(C4>1000,"High"))))

It’s easier to understand if you put the IF statements on separate lines (ALT + ENTER on Windows, CTRL + COMMAND + ENTER on Macs):

=
IF(C4=0,"None",
IF(C4<=500,"Low",
IF(C4<=1000,"Medium",
IF(C4>1000,"High", "Unknown"))))

IF C4 is 0, we return “None”. Otherwise, we move to the next IF statement. IF C4 is equal to or less than 500, we return “Low”. Otherwise, we move on to the next IF statement… and so on.

Simplifying Complex IF Statements with Helper Columns

If you have multiple nested IF statements, and you’re throwing in logic functions too, your formulas can become very hard to read, test, and update.

This is especially important to keep in mind if other people will be using the spreadsheet. What makes sense in your head, might not be so obvious to others.

Helper columns are a great way around this issue.

You’re an analyst in the finance department of a large corporation. You’ve been asked to create a spreadsheet that checks whether each employee is eligible for the company pension.

Here’s the criteria:

So if you’re under the age of 55, you need to have 30 years’ service under your belt to be eligible. If you’re aged 55 to 59, you need 15 years’ service. And so on, up to age 65, where you’re eligible no matter how long you’ve worked there.

You could use a single, complex IF statement to solve this problem:

=IF(OR(F4>=65,AND(F4>=62,G4>=5),AND(F4>=60,G4>=10),AND(F4>=55,G4>=15),G4>30),"Eligible", "Not Eligible")

Whew! Kinda hard to get your head around that, isn’t it?

A better approach might be to use helper columns. We have five logical tests here, corresponding to each row in the criteria table. This is easier to see if we add line breaks to the formula, as we discussed earlier:

=IF(
OR(
F4>=65,
AND(F4>=62,G4>=5),
AND(F4>=60,G4>=10),
AND(F4>=55,G4>=15),
G4>30
),"Eligible","Not Eligible")

So, we can split these five tests into separate columns, and then simply check whether any one of them is true:

Each column in the table from E to I holds each of our criteria separately. Then in J4 we have the following formula:

=IF(COUNTIF(E4:I4,TRUE),"Eligible","Not Eligible")

Here we have an IF statement, and the logical test uses COUNTIF to count the number of cells within E4:I4 that contain TRUE.

If COUNTIF doesn’t find a TRUE value, it will return 0, which IF interprets as FALSE, so the IF returns “Not Eligible”.

If COUNTIF does find any TRUE values, it will return the number of them. IF interprets any number other than 0 as TRUE, so it returns “Eligible”.

Splitting out the logical tests in this way makes the formula easier to read, and if something’s going wrong with it, it’s much easier to spot where the mistake is.

Using Grouping to Hide Helper Columns

Helper columns make the formula easier to manage, but once you’ve got them in place and you know they are working correctly, they often just take up space on your spreadsheet without adding any useful information.

You could hide the columns, but this can lead to problems because hidden columns are hard to detect, unless you look closely at the column headers.

A better option is grouping.

Select the columns you want to group, in our case E:I. Then press ALT + SHIFT + RIGHT ARROW on Windows, or COMMAND + SHIFT + K on Mac. You can also go to the “Data” tab on the ribbon and select “Group” from the “Outline” section.

You’ll see the group displayed above the column headers, like this:

Then simply press the “-“ button to hide the columns:

The IFS Function

Nested IF statements are very useful when you need to perform more complex logical comparisons, and you need to do it in one cell. However, they can get complicated as they get longer, and they can be hard to read and update on your screen.

From Excel 2019 and Excel 365, Microsoft introduced another function, the IFS Function, to help make this a bit easier to manage. The nested IF example above could be achieved with IFS like this:

=IFS(
C4=0,"None",
C4<=500,"Low",
C4<=1000,"Medium",
C4>1000,"High",
TRUE, "Unknown",
)

You can read all about it on the main page for the Excel IFS Function <<link>>.

Using IF with Conditional Formatting

Excel’s Conditional Formatting feature enables you to format a cell in different ways depending on its contents. Since the IF returns different values based on our logical test, we might want to use Conditional Formatting with the IF Function to make these different values easier to see.

So let’s go back to our staff bonus table from earlier.

We’re returning “Yes” or “No” depending on what bonus we want to give. This tells us what we need to know, but the information doesn’t jump out at us. Let’s try to fix that.

Here’s how you’d do it:

Select the cell range containing your IF statements. In our case that’s E4:F8.
Click “Conditional Formatting” on the “Styles” section of the “Home” tab on the ribbon.
Click “Highlight Cells Rules” and then “Equal to”.
Type “Yes” (or whatever return value you need) into the first box, and then choose the formatting you want from the second box. (I’ll choose green for this).
Repeat for all your return values (I’ll also set “No” values to red)

Here’s the result:

Using IF in Array Formulas

An array is a range of values, and in Excel arrays are represented as comma separated values enclosed in braces, such as:

{1,2,3,4,5}

The beauty of arrays, is that they enable you to perform a calculation on each value in the range, and then return the result. For example, the SUMPRODUCT Function takes two arrays, multiplies them together, and sums the results.

So this formula:

=SUMPRODUCT({1,2,3},{4,5,6})

…returns 32. Why? Let’s work it through:

1 * 4 = 4
2 * 5 = 10
3 * 6 = 18

4 + 10 + 18 = 32

We can bring an IF statement into this picture, so that each of these multiplications only happens if a logical test returns true.

For example, take this data:

If you wanted to calculate the total commission for each sales manager, you’d use the following:

=SUMPRODUCT(IF($C$2:$C$10=$G2,$D$2:$D$10*$E$2:$E$10))

Note: In Excel 2019 and earlier, you have to press CTRL + SHIFT + ENTER to turn this into an array formula.

We’d end up with something like this:

Breaking this down, the “Manager” column is column C, and in this example, Olivia’s name is in G2.

So the logical test is:

$C$2:$C$10=$G2

In English, if the name in column C is equal to what’s in G2 (“Olivia”), DO multiply the values in columns D and E for that row. Otherwise, don’t multiply them. Then, sum all the results.

You can learn more about this formula on the main page for the SUMPRODUCT IF Formula.

IF in Google Sheets

The IF Function works exactly the same in Google Sheets as in Excel:

VBA IF Statements

You can also use If Statements in VBA. Click the link to learn more, but here is a simple example:

Sub Test_IF ()

If Range("a1").Value < 0 then
  Range("b1").Value = "Negative"
End If

End Sub

This code will test if a cell value is negative. If so, it will write “negative” in the next cell.

Источник

Using IF with AND, OR and NOT functions

Examples

Using AND, OR and NOT with Conditional Formatting

Need more help?

See also

IF function

Simple IF examples

Common problems

Need more help?

Excel IF Function – How to Use

Definition of Excel IF Function

Syntax

Important Characteristics of IF Function in Excel

Comparison Operators That Can Be Used With IF Statements

Example 1: Using ‘equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function

Example 2: Using ‘not equal to’ comparison operator within the IF function.

Example 3: Using ‘less than’ operator within the IF function.

Example 4: Using ‘greater than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.

Example 5: Using ‘greater than’ operator within the IF statement.

Example 6: Using ‘less than or equal to’ operator within the IF statement.

Example 7: Using an Excel Logical Function within the IF formula in Excel.

Example 8: Using the Excel IF function to return another formula a result.

Use Of AND & OR Functions or Logical Operators with Excel IF Statement

Example 9: Using the IF function along with AND Function.

Example 10: Using the IF function along with OR Function.

Nested IF Statements

Syntax:

The above syntax translates to this:

Example 11: Nested IF Statements

Partial Matching or Wildcards with IF Function

Example 12: Using FIND and SEARCH functions inside the IF statement

Example 13: Using SEARCH function inside the Excel IF formula with wildcard operators

Some Practical Examples of using the IF function

Example 14: Using Excel IF function with dates.

Example 15: Use an IF function-based formula to find blank cells in excel.

Example 16: Use the Excel IF statement to show symbolic results (instead of textual results).

IFS Function In Excel:

Syntax for IFS function:

Example 17: Using IFS function in Excel

Subscribe and be a part of our 15,000+ member family!

Examples

Using AND, OR and NOT with Conditional Formatting

Need more help?

See also

The syntax of the function «IF» with one condition

The function IF in Excel with multiple conditions

Enhanced functionality with the help of the operators «AND» and «OR»

How to compare data in two tables

IF Formula Builder

AND Function

OR Function

IF AND Formula

IF OR Formula

Download the Workbook

Excel IF AND OR Practice Questions

IF AND Formula Practice

IF OR Formula Practice

Want More Excel Formulas

IF AND Excel Formula

Table of contents

Syntax

How to Use IF AND Excel Statement?

Example #1

Example #2

Example #3

The Characteristics of IF AND function

Frequently Asked Questions

Recommended Articles

Excel IF statement with multiple conditions

Multiple nested IF statements

Multiple IF statements in Excel with AND, OR, and NOT conditions

What is a Logical Function?

IF Function example

Excel Logic functions explained

Practical example

Summary

IF Function Overview

How to Use the IF Function

What can IF Return?

Using IF with AND