Html to excel with styles

html-to-xlsx recipe generates Excel xslx files from HTML tables. This isn’t a full HTML -> Excel conversion but a rather pragmatic and fast way to create Excel files from jsreport. The recipe reads input table and extract a couple of CSS style properties using a specific HTML engine (which defaults to chrome), and finally uses the styles to create the Excel cells.

Examples

• Basic table
• Cells with data types
• Cell with line break
• Cell with format
• Cell with formula
• Merged cells
• Multiple sheets
• Conversion JS trigger
• Insert output into xlsx template
• Postprocess using xlsx

The following CSS properties are supported:

• background-color — cell background color
• color — cell foreground color
• border — all the border-[left|right|top|bottom]-width, border-[left|right|top|bottom]-style, border-[left|right|top|bottom]-color will be transformed into Excel cells borders.
• text-align — text horizontal align in the Excel cell
• vertical-align — vertical align in the Excel cell
• width — the Excel column will get the highest width; it can be little bit inaccurate because of pixel to Excel points conversion
• height — the Excel row will get the highest height
• font-family — font family, defaults to Calibri
• font-size — font size, defaults to 16px
• font-style — normal, and italic styles are supported
• font-weight — control whether the cell’s text should be bold or not
• text-decoration — underline and line-through are supported
• overflow — the Excel cell will have text wrap enabled if this is set to scroll.

The following HTML attributes are supported:

• colspan — numeric value that merges current column with columns to the right
• rowspan — numeric value that merges current row with rows below.

Options

• htmlEngine — String (supported values here depends on the HTML engines that you have available in your jsreport installation, by default just chrome is available but you can additionally install better performing cheerio as HTML engine too)
• waitForJS — Boolean whether to wait for the JavaScript trigger to be enabled before trying to read the HTML tables on the page or not. defaults to false.
• insertToXlsxTemplate — Boolean controls if the result of the HTML to Excel tables conversion should be added as new sheets of existing xlsx template, it needs you to set an xlsx template to work. Default is false.

Sheets

Each table detected on the HTML source is converted to a new sheet in the final xlsx file. The sheets names are by default Sheet1, Sheet2 etc. However, you can specify a custom sheet name using the name or data-sheet-name attribute on the table element where the data-sheet-name has precedence.

<table name="Data1">
    <tr>
        <td>1</td>
    </tr>
</table>
<table data-sheet-name="Data2">
    <tr>
        <td>2</td>      
    </tr>
</table>

Cells with data types

To produce a cell with specific data type you need to use the data-cell-type on the td element. The supported data types are number, boolean, date, datetime and formula:

<table>
    <tr>
        <td data-cell-type="number">10</td>
        <td data-cell-type="boolean" style="width: 85px">1</td>
        <td data-cell-type="date">2019-01-22</td>
        <td data-cell-type="datetime">2019-01-22T17:31:36.000-05:00</td>
    </tr>
</table>

Format

Excel supports setting cell string format. Add the following attributes to the td element:

• data-cell-format-str -> Specify the raw string format
• data-cell-format-enum -> Select an existing format

Possible values of the data-cell-format-enum are:

• 0 -> format equal to general
• 1 -> format equal to 0
• 2 -> format equal to 0.00
• 3 -> format equal to #,##0
• 4 -> format equal to #,##0.00
• 9 -> format equal to 0%
• 10 -> format equal to 0.00%
• 11 -> format equal to 0.00e+00
• 12 -> format equal to # ?/?
• 13 -> format equal to # ??/??
• 14 -> format equal to mm-dd-yy
• 15 -> format equal to d-mmm-yy
• 16 -> format equal to d-mmm
• 17 -> format equal to mmm-yy
• 18 -> format equal to h:mm am/pm
• 19 -> format equal to h:mm:ss am/pm
• 20 -> format equal to h:mm
• 21 -> format equal to h:mm:ss
• 22 -> format equal to m/d/yy h:mm
• 37 -> format equal to #,##0 ;(#,##0)
• 38 -> format equal to #,##0 ;[red](#,##0)
• 39 -> format equal to #,##0.00;(#,##0.00)
• 40 -> format equal to #,##0.00;[red](#,##0.00)
• 41 -> format equal to _(* #,##0_);_(* (#,##0);_(* "-"_);_(@_)
• 42 -> format equal to _("$"* #,##0_);_("$* (#,##0);_("$"* "-"_);_(@_)
• 43 -> format equal to _(* #,##0.00_);_(* (#,##0.00);_(* "-"??_);_(@_)
• 44 -> format equal to _("$"* #,##0.00_);_("$"* (#,##0.00);_("$"* "-"??_);_(@_)
• 45 -> format equal to mm:ss
• 46 -> format equal to [h]:mm:ss
• 47 -> format equal to mmss.0
• 48 -> format equal to ##0.0e+0
• 49 -> format equal to @

<style>
    td {
        width: 60px;
        padding: 5px;
    }
</style>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td data-cell-type="number" data-cell-format-str="0.00">10</td>
        <td data-cell-type="number" data-cell-format-enum="3">100000</td>
        <td data-cell-type="date" data-cell-format-str="m/d/yyy">2019-01-22</td>
    </tr>
</table>

Setting the format is also required when the cell needs to have a specific format category which depends on the computer locale. The cell is otherwise categorized by Excel as General.

For example, using data-cell-type="date" makes the cell a date and you can use it in the date-based calculations. However, the cell format category in Excel is displayed as General and not Date. To rectify this, you need to use data-cell-format-str to match your locale.

Formula

A formula cell can be specified using data-cell-type="formula" on the td element.

<table>
    <tr>
        <td data-cell-type="number">10</td>
        <td data-cell-type="number">10</td>
        <td data-cell-type="formula">=SUM(A1, B1)</td>
    </tr>
</table>

Font family

You can use the following CSS styles to change the default font-family for all cells in table.

td  { 
  font-family: 'Verdana'; 
  font-size: 18px; 
}

Insert output into xlsx template

The table to xlsx conversion can be enough for some cases. However, for more complex cases (like producing pivot tables or complex charts using Excel) there is an option to insert the produced tables into an existing xlsx template (as new sheets) instead of producing a new xlsx file.

The flow is the following:

• Open your desktop Excel application and prepare file with pivot tables and charts on the one sheet and with static data on the second.
• Upload the xlsx to jsreport studio and link it with your html-to-xlsx template generating dynamic table.
• Make sure the table name matches with the data sheet name in your Excel.

Running the template now produces dynamic Excel with charts or pivots based on the data assembled by jsreport.

See this example to get an idea of what can be possible with this feature.

Conversion triggers

You may need to postpone conversion of tables until some JavaScript async tasks are processed. If this is the case; set htmlToXlsx.waitForJS = true in the API options or Wait for conversion trigger in the studio menu. When set, the conversion won’t start until you set window.JSREPORT_READY_TO_START = true inside your template’s JavaScript.

...
<script>
    // do some calculations or something async
    setTimeout(function() {
        window.JSREPORT_READY_TO_START = true; //this will start the conversion and read the existing tables on the page
    }, 500);
    ...
</script>

Issues with row height being larger than actual the content

When using phantomjs as the engine there are cases when a row height ends with a larger height than the actual content. This is caused by a phantomjs bug that retrieves a larger height when the content of cells contains white space characters.

There are two possible workarounds:

• use letter-spacing CSS property with some negative value (demo)

<!-- without "letter-spacing" the row would be more larger -->
<table style="letter-spacing: -4px">
    <tr>
        <td> From Date: N/A</td>
        <td> To Date: N/A </td>
        <td> Search Text: N/A </td>
        <td> Sort Order: N/A </td>
        <td> Sort Key: N/A </td>
        <td> Filter: N/A </td>
    </tr>
</table>

• use line-height: 0 with a specific height (demo)

<!-- without "line-height" and "height" the row would be more larger -->
<table style="line-height: 0">
    <tr style="height: 20px">
        <td> From Date: N/A</td>
        <td> To Date: N/A </td>
        <td> Search Text: N/A </td>
        <td> Sort Order: N/A </td>
        <td> Sort Key: N/A </td>
        <td> Filter: N/A </td>
    </tr>
</table>

Performance

The chrome engine can have performance problems when evaluating huge tables with many cells. For these cases the recipe provides an additional helper which splits large tables into chunks and runs evaluation in batches. Usage is like each or jsrender for handlebar helpers.

<table>
    {{#htmlToXlsxEachRows people}}
      <tr>
        <td>{{name}}</td>
        <td>{{address}}</td>
      </tr>
    {{/htmlToXlsxEachRows}}
</table>

Cheerio HTML engine

Although the htmlToXlsxEachRows helper prevents Chrome from hanging, the rendering can still be slow. This is because Chrome needs to create DOM elements for the whole table and evaluate every single cell. Fortunately, there is a better option for large tables – using the custom HTML engine cheerio-page-eval.

This custom engine is experimental and requires manual installation through NPM.

npm i cheerio-page-eval
restart jsreport

Afterward, you can select it in the studio HTML to xlsx menu and start using it. This engine doesn’t create DOM representation like Chrome, so it has much better performance. However, the lack of DOM also introduces some limitations.

• The cheerio engine doesn’t support global CSS styles in the <style> tag. You need to use in-line styles on cells.
• It also doesn’t evaluate JavaScript in the <script> tags. The helpers and templating engines aren’t limited.

htmlToXlsxEachRows helper also works with the cheerio engine and can significantly improve rendering memory footprint on long tables.

Preview in studio

See general documentation for office preview in studio here.

Postprocess using xlsx recipe

The html-to-xlsx will be always limited and you may miss some features that aren’t yet implemented in it. In this case you can use xlsx recipe and postprocess the html-to-xlsx and modify what you need using low level xlsx helpers.

Demo in playground

API

You can specify the template the standard way by using name or shortid, or alternatively you can also send it in the API request. If you have the Excel template stored as an asset you can also reference it in the request.

{  
  "template":  {  
    "recipe":  "html-to-xlsx",  
    "engine":  "handlebars",  
    "content": "<table></table>",
    "htmlToXlsx":  {  
      "templateAssetShortid":  "xxxx"  
    }  
  },  
  "data":  {}
}

If you don’t have the xlsx template stored as an asset you can send it directly in the API request.

{  
  "template":  {  
    "recipe":  "html-to-xlsx",  
    "engine":  "handlebars",  
    "content": "<table></table>",
    "htmlToXlsx":  {  
      "templateAsset":  {  
        "content": "base64 encoded word file",
        "encoding":"base64"
       }
    }  
  },  
  "data":  {}
}

<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var tableToExcel = (function () {
            var uri = 'data:application/vnd.ms-excel;base64,'
                , template = '<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" 
                xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" 
                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head>
                <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml><x:ExcelWorkbook><x:ExcelWorksheets>
                <x:ExcelWorksheet><x:Name>{worksheet}</x:Name>
                <x:WorksheetOptions><x:DisplayGridlines/></x:WorksheetOptions>
                </x:ExcelWorksheet></x:ExcelWorksheets></x:ExcelWorkbook>
                </xml><![endif]--></head><body>
                <table>{table}</table></body></html>'
                , base64 = function (s) { return window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(s))) }
                , format = function (s, c) { return s.replace(/{(w+)}/g, function (m, p) { return c[p]; }) }
                return function (table, name) {
                if (!table.nodeType) table = document.getElementById(table)
                var ctx = { worksheet: name || 'Worksheet', table: table.innerHTML }
                window.location.href = uri + base64(format(template, ctx))
            }
        })()
    </script> 

<input type="button" onclick="tableToExcel('testTable', 'W3C Example Table')" value="Export to Excel">
<table id="testTable" summary="Code page support in different versions of MS Windows."
    rules="groups" frame="hsides" border="2">
    <caption>
        CODE-PAGE SUPPORT IN MICROSOFT WINDOWS</caption>
    <colgroup align="center">
    </colgroup>
    <colgroup align="left">
    </colgroup>
    <colgroup span="2" align="center">
    </colgroup>
    <colgroup span="3" align="center">
    </colgroup>
    <thead valign="top">
        <tr>
            <th>Code-Page<br>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>ACP</th>
            <th>OEMCP</th>
            <th>Windows<br>NT 3.1</th>
            <th>Windows<br>NT 3.51</th>
            <th>Windows<br>95</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td>1200</td>
            <td style="background-color: #00f; color: #fff">Unicode (BMP of ISO/IEC-10646)</td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>*</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>1250</td>
            <td style="font-weight: bold">
                <a href="http://www.jquery2dotnet.com/">http://www.jquery2dotnet.com/</a>
            </td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>1255</td>
            <td>Hebrew</td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>437</td>
            <td>MS-DOS United States</td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>708</td>
            <td>Arabic (ASMO 708)</td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>709</td>
            <td>Arabic (ASMO 449+, BCON V4)</td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>710</td>
            <td>Arabic (Transparent Arabic)</td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td>X</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

License

Puneet Goel is an IT Professional with 8+ years. He is specialized in Microsoft Technologies (Asp.NET, SQL Server, Ajax, Jquery, JavaScript, MVC, and Angular). He is an avid member of several development communities and a serial blogger.He loves to learn new technology, do experiments with existing ones, and always happy to help the community.