How to use the word которого - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Here’s a new book. The book is really interesting.

Here’s a new book
that
is really interesting.

Notice how above, in the third sentence, the word that is used as a substitute for the word book? We do this this English to save us from having to repeat the word book twice (like in the first two sentences). Here’s a similar example:

Where is the student?
The
student speaks Russian.

Where is the student who
speaks Russian?

Here the word who replaces the word student.

We can do the same thing in Russian using the word который. Let’s take another look at two of the sentences from the previous examples example, only this time in Russian:

Вот новая книга, которая очень интересна.

Here’s a new book
that
is really interesting.

Где студент, который говорит по-русски?

Where is the student who speaks Russian?

NOte:

In English we use «that» to refer to things, and «who» to refer to people. In Russian the word который is used to refer to both things and people.

который takes the same endings as adjectives

который changes for gender, case, and number just like Russian adjectives.

Вот новая книга, которая очень интересна.

Notice how «книга» is a feminine noun and so «который» is used with a feminine ending to get: «которая».

Similarly when we’re using «который» with the masculine noun «студент», we use it’s masculine form:

Где студент, который говорит по-русски?

Here’s a couple more examples:

Где дети, которые едут на экскурсию? (Where are the children who are going on the excursion?)

Here «дети» is a plural noun so «который» uses a plural ending.

Вот платье, которое ему так понравилось. (Here’s the dress he liked so much.)

Here «платье» is a neuter noun and «который» is used with a neuter ending.

A Closer Look:

Кто vs Который (What’s the difference?)

Using который with different cases

So how do we know which case ending to use when we want to build a sentence with который? Let’s look at another example:

Где книга, которую вы купили?

Where’s the book that you bought?

Here который is used in the accusative form которую, even though in the first part of the sentence книга is in the nominative form. This is because the sentence can be broken into two parts (also called clauses). In the first part we’re simply asking «Where is the book?». Thus книга is nominative.

In the second clause «the book» becomes the direct object (remember you are buying the book). Thus которую represents the book that is being bought, and we use the accusative form.

NOte:

The gender and number of который agree with the noun that it refers back to, but the case of the который depends on its function within the second part (clause) of the sentence.

Let’s take a look at some more examples where который is used in different case forms:

Они говорили о студенте, которого вчера не было.

They talked about the student who was not there yesterday.

In the second clause we use the genitive form которого to express absence.

Я знаю студента, которому было так скучно.

I know the student who was so bored.

Here the second clause refers to the state of being/feelings of the student so we used the dative которому.

Я думаю о студенте, с которым ты говорил.

I am thinking about the student who you talked with.

In this example we are referring to the student with whom the other person spoke. Thus we use the instrumental form.

NOte:

If you use a preposition with который it must always come before который in the second clause of the sentence.

Я думаю о студенте, с которым ты говорил.

Final thoughts

There are two things I love about который: 1) is pretty easy to understand and use, 2) It allows you to create longer sentences and advance your speaking skills.

If you think of который as an adjective then you shouldn’t have too much trouble with this oh so important part of the Russian language. Good luck with your studies and have fun using который!

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Hi. Please help me to use the word «worth» correctly.

For example why we say:

Jewellery worth £450 was taken.

But we add «is» to say:

She is worth £10 million.

owlman5

Hello, Rala. You can use «worth» after a noun or after the verb «be», as you did in your examples. All your examples are correct.

Your use is fine. It is an abbreviated way of saying Jewellery which is worth £450 was taken.

What if we use «of» between jewellery and worth?

Thank you very much Owlman5 and Edinburgher.
Sorry to bother you with one more question.
Could you please help me to make questions with them?

These are my attempts.

Jewellery worth £450 was taken. —> What worth that much?
She is worth £10 million. —> Who is worth that much?

owlman5

You’re welcome, Rala. «Who is worth that much?» is fine for a question.

«What worth that much?» is incomplete. It would make sense if you added something to the question: What (that is) worth that much was taken?

I think the questions would sound like these:

1. What worth of jewellery was stolen?
2. How much is she worth?

You’re welcome, Rala. «Who is worth that much?» is fine for a question.

«What worth that much?» is incomplete. It would make sense if you added something to the question: What (that is) worth that much was taken?

Thank you owlman5.

Bevj

Allegra Moderata (Sp/Eng, Cat)

I think the questions would sound like these:

1. What worth of jewellery was stolen?
2. How much is she worth?

You would need to say ‘What was the value of the jewellery stolen?’ or ‘What ws the stolen jewellery worth?’

For example why do we say:
Jewellery worth £450 was taken.
But we add «is» to say:
She is worth £10 million.

Without the «is» there is no verb in the sentence; it’s not a sentence without a verb—just as «he six feet tall» is not a sentence and «John my boss» is not a sentence.

Thank you Parla.
«Jewellery worth £450 was taken.»
Would you say it in your daily conversation? I think its more like a title.

RM1(SS)

It’s a perfectly normal sentence.

Hi. Please help me to use the word «worth» correctly.
For example why we say:
Jewellery worth £450

was

taken.
But we add «is» to say:
She is worth £10 million.

In both cases, you have a verb.
In the first sentence «was» is used, because the jewelry «was already taken». It happened in the past. While, «is» is used in the second sentence, because she «is still» worth 10 mil, so you don’t add an «is» you just change the «was» to an «is»
And I agree with RM1 — it is a perfectly normal sentence.
With regards to the questions, I would say
«How much was taken?» and
«How much is she worth?»

[…] What worth of jewellery was stolen?

As Bev said, we don’t use «worth» in that way (at least, not in modern English). It is sometimes used as a noun meaning «value», but usually in the context of ‘usefulness’, rather than of monetary value: his worth to the company; the strategic worth of this victory; …

[…]
«Jewellery worth £450 was taken.»
Would you say it in your daily conversation? I think it‘s more like a title.

Yes, I’d say it, particularly if I didn’t know who had taken the jewellery. Perhaps, Rala, it sounds like a ‘title’ (news headline?) to you because it’s in the passive voice. In everyday speech, we tend to use the active voice more; so, depending on any preceding text, I might be more likely to say ‘They took jewellery worth £450″.

«Jewellery worth £450 was taken.»
Would you say it in your daily conversation? I think it‘s more like a title.

Yes, I would (except the first word is spelled jewelry in the US). That’s a complete sentence. A newspaper headline would very likely omit the verb (Jewelry Worth £450 Taken), and that’s okay in a headline; newspapers (and websites) do that to save space.

P.S. The contraction for «it is» is it’s; the apostrophe replaces the dropped «i».

Thank you for correcting my mistake, bevj and wordsmyth.

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You may have wondered the main difference between «who» and «that.» The main difference is that «who» refers to people and «that» refers to things. However, it gets a bit more complicated when deciding whether to use «who,» «whom,» or «whose» for people or «that» or «which» for things. It comes down to how the words are used in the sentence.

1
Pick «who» or «whom» for people. You use «who» when the pronoun refers to people. A pronoun is just a word that refers back to a noun, such as in these two sentences: «Robert ate an apple. He threw the core away.» «He» refers back to «Robert.» Therefore, when the pronoun refers back to a person, you use «who.»^[1]
- For example, you would say, «Robert, who was trying to lose weight, ate apples.» «Who» refers back to «Robert,» which is why you use «who» instead of «that.»
2
Use «that» or «which» for things. When the pronoun refers back to something that is not a person, such as a thing, then you switch to «that» or «which.» In other words, use «that» with objects, places, and so on instead of «who.»^[2]
- Therefore, you would write, «The apple that was bruised tasted bad.» «That» refers back to «the apple,» which is why you use «that» instead of «who.»
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3
Know the exception. In some cases, you can use «that» for people, generally in informal speech and writing. However, it is often frowned upon, particularly in formal writing. Therefore, try to stick to using «who» for people when writing, especially when writing something requiring formal writing, such as an essay.^[3]
- For example, you might say, «The lady over there that ordered the coffee wants some sugar.» However, you generally don’t write that way. Instead, you’d write, «The lady who ordered the coffee wants some sugar.»

1
Pick «that» for things in restrictive clauses. A restrictive clause is one that is necessary to the sentence. It limits (restricts) a subject. In other words, it narrows down the identity of something, so it’s necessary to the meaning of the sentence. When using restrictive clauses, you don’t need commas to set off the clause.^[4]
- For example, you would write, «The fruit that we ate at dinner tasted bad.» «That we ate at dinner» narrows down which fruit you’re talking about, so it is restrictive and necessary to the sentence. Think of it this way: Does all fruit taste bad? No, just the fruit you ate at dinner, so the clause is necessary to the sentence.
- In other words, restrictive clauses will alter the meaning of the sentence.^[5]
2
Choose «which» for nonrestrictive clauses. A nonrestrictive clause adds information to the sentence, but it doesn’t narrow down the meaning. In addition, these types of clauses aren’t necessary to the sentence for it to make sense. They provide extra information, so they are set off by a comma or commas.^[6]
- For example, you would write, «The fruit that we ate at dinner tasted bad, which upset me.» «Which upset me» adds information to the sentence. However, it doesn’t restrict the subject, nor is it necessary.
- Here’s another example: «The television, which was expensive when we bought it, was showing signs of age.» «Which was expensive when we bought it» doesn’t narrow down which television. It just adds information.
- Note that «who» can be used in both restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses. The only difference is the punctuation.
3

Use «that» to describe an object in a statement. «That» can serve another function. It can also be used as an adjective. An adjective describes a noun. In this case, the adjective is used to indicate which object the person is referring to, as in, «That cat is the one that ate my sandwich.»^[7]
4

Pick «which» to describe an object in a sentence. «Which» can also serve as an adjective. However, it is usually used in a question rather than a statement to figure out something about an object. For instance, you might ask, «Which cat ate the sandwich?»^[8]

1
Use «who» or «whoever» when the pronoun is the subject. A subject is the person doing the action. You can have a subject of an independent clause or a dependent clause. In both cases, you would use «who» if the pronoun is the subject of the clause, meaning it does the action.^[9]
- An independent clause has a subject and a verb, and it can stand on its own. For instance, «Rob ate fries,» is an independent clause. «Rob» is the subject, and «ate» is the verb.
- A dependent clause has a subject and a verb, but it can’t stand on its own. It must be attached to a dependent clause to make sense. For example, «because he likes them» is a dependent clause. It has a subject («he») and a verb («likes»), but it needs an independent clause to make sense: «Rob ate fries because he likes them.»
- Therefore, in either a dependent or independent clause, use «who» or «whoever» when the pronoun is the subject. In question form, an example is «Who ate the cookies?» «Who» is the doing the action, even though you don’t know «who» is. In fact, if you think of it as a statement, it makes more sense: «Who ate the cookies.»^[10]
- Another example, with a dependent clause, is, «She loved to sing to whoever was around.» «Whoever» acts as the subject in «whoever was around.»
2
Pick «whom» or «whomever» when the pronoun is the object. The object is who (or what) the action is being done to. In the previous example, «Rob ate fries,» «fries» is the object of the sentence because Rob is eating them. Independent clauses, dependent clauses, and even phrases (such as prepositional phrases) can have objects, though not all do.^[11]
- Choose «whom» or «whomever» when the question is asking what person is on the receiving end of the action, such as, «Whom did she say ate the cookies?» If you turn it into a statement, you can see how «whom» is the object: «She said whom ate the cookies.»
- Pick «whomever» when it’s the object of a dependent or independent clause, such as, «We like whomever you pick.»
- «Whomever» can also be the object of a preposition: «She likes to run with whomever.» «Whomever» is the object of «with.»^[12]
3
Choose «whose» when you’re trying to show possession. «Whose» is a pronoun that shows possession, much like «his» or «hers.» Therefore, you use «whose» when you’re trying to figure out who owns something, such a book or a drink.^[13]
- For example, you’d say, «Whose sandwich is this?» «Whose» is showing possession of the sandwich.
4
Trying replacing the pronoun with another one to figure it out. When in doubt, try substituting in other pronouns, such as «he,» «him,» and «his» to figure out whether to use «who,» «whom,» or «whose.» It can make it easier, as these pronouns are more common.^[14]
- For example, in the sentence, «Who ate the cookies?» you’d replace it with «he» ate the cookies, the subjective pronoun, so you use «who.»
- In «She likes to run with whomever,» you’d replace it with «him,» as in, «She likes to run with him.» Therefore, you use the objective case, «whom.»
- In «Whose sandwich is this?» you need to turn it around to a statement: «This is whose sandwich.» You’d say, «This is his sandwich,» which is why you use «whose.»

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На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

использовать слова

употреблять слова

использования слов

используются слова

говоря словами

Предложения

Throughout this book we use the words entrepreneur and founder interchangeably.

В этой книге мы будем использовать слова «предприниматель» и «основатель» как взаимозаменяемые.

Learn from this lesson and do not try to use the words that a lot of people are already using.

Извлеките из этого урок и попробуйте не пытаться использовать слова, которые многие люди уже используют.

Sometimes it is about how we use the words.

He did not use the words know and truth to describe it.

We use the words but do we examine what they really mean?

Мы используем слова, но исследуем ли мы то, что они действительно означают?

The merged words will give you a fair idea of how to use the words on your website.

Присоединяемое слово даст вам четкое представление о том, как использовать слова на вашем сайте.

Instead, use the words of your customers.

Never let a scientist use the words «unanticipated»… and «immediate» in the same sentence.

Никогда не позволяйте учёным использовать слова «непредвиденный»… и «немедленный» в одном и том же предложении.

I have to use the words ‘different way’ to give you a feel about it.

Мне приходится использовать слова «другим образом», чтобы передать вам это ощущение.

People often use the words health and sport without thinking about the true meaning of these words.

Люди часто используют слова «здоровье» и «спорт», не задумываясь об истинном значении этих слов.

Obliged to use the words of his fellow travellers, he gives them a meaning unknown to them, or detaches them from their accustomed relation.

Вынужденный использовать слова своих собеседников, он раскрывает им неизвестное для них значение или уводит их от привычных понятий.

The restrictions include the following points: it is not permitted to use the words: banking, insurance, reinsurance and similar.

Ограничения включают следующие пункты: не разрешается использовать слова: банковское дело, страхование, перестрахование и тому подобное.

Another proposal was to use the words «correct or withdraw».

В соответствии с другим предложением следует использовать слова «исправлять или отзывать».

You could just use the words from the sales page in the video and talk over it.

Almost all search engines use the words on the pages of web sites as one factor in their ranking equation.

Почти все поисковики используют слова на страницах сайтов как один из факторов ранжирования страниц по релевантности.

One suggestion was to use the words «failure of issue».

В качестве одного из вариантов было предложено использовать слова «неспособность выдачи».

A lot of folks use the words interior designer and interior decorator interchangeably.

Слишком много людей используют слова иллюстратор и дизайнер взаимозаменяемо.

You want to use the words you and I within your blog post.

When we use the words dakas and dakinis we have pure vision — not impure vision.

Когда мы используем слова дака и дакини, речь идет о чистом видении.

Though some use the words «parka» and «anorak» interchangeably, this is inaccurate.

Хотя многие используют слова «парка» и «анорак» как взаимозаменяемые, это неправильно.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

Предложения, которые содержат use the words

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Every language has one of those words that you hear all the time, but it’s used in so many different ways that it can be really confusing. In most cases, the translation of this word doesn’t make any sense, or you wouldn’t use this word the same way in your native tongue. In this video article we’re going to learn about one of the English language’s most commonly misused and often misunderstood words, GET.

GETTING TO KNOW GET

The word “get” always leaves people in doubt, and it can be very frustrating for the average English learner. The problem is that their are so many expressions and phrasal verbs that use the word “get” that it can be very confusing. Let’s take a look at some literal meanings.

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6 Uses of the Word ‘Get’

The word “get” is so commonly used as a substitute for many words. A lot of the time when we use “get” it makes it less formal and it’s a lot more common in spoken English. Here are some examples of the 5 most common substitutions.

GET = BECOME (before adjectives)

When used before an adjective, the word get is a common substitution for the word become. This means that you are starting to become that adjective.

If you don’t eat now you will get hungry later
He got really angry when I told him I was leaving
she is getting really skinny

GET = ARRIVE

The word arrive sounds formal when used in conversation. Arrive would be commonly used at airports/ travel arrangements or in a serious business setting. In normal situations we tend to use “get”.

What time did you get there?
I’ll ring him when we get to the park

GET=RECEIVE

This is a common mistake amongst Brazilians. Usually a Brazilian would use the word, “win” (Ganhar) in this case. In English “win” would only be used in regards to a prize or a competition/game.

I got some cool presents for my birthday
I got an email from my friend in Australia
She always gets paid on Thursday

GET = OBTAIN/BUY

The word “buy” is used when you’re specifying the fact that you purchased something. If that’s not so important we substitute it for our good friend “get.”

I got a new suit to wear to the conference.
They got their instruments from the U.S.A.

GET = UNDERSTAND

This is simply an alternative way to say understand. You will here this more so in informal conversation but it doesn’t sound rude or inappropriate if it is used in a formal setting.

Do you get what I’m saying?
I don’t get it/ Got it!

GET = FETCH

In other words this meaning of “get” is when you leave where you are to collect (fetch) something and come back. A lot of people use the word take in this case which would be incorrect.

Can you get me a glass of water?
I’m going to get her from work.
I’m going out to get some milk.

Expressions with GET

These are some of the most common, out of many. For more a more extensive list of expressions with “get”, check out this link http://www.wordreference.com/enpt/get To get along with- to have a good relationship with someone or a group of people.

I get along really well with my co-workers
He doesn’t get along with his in-laws

To get over something- to no longer feel bad, frustrated, or sad about something.

I’m getting over the chicken pox
He’s still getting over his bad break up with his girlfriend

To get rid of- to be relieved of something in you life by giving it to someone or throwing it away

I’m trying to get rid of my old car but no one wants to buy it
The boss got rid of all the unnecessary office equipment

To get to know someone- to be in the phase of learning about a person and becoming friends with them; to be starting to know all about a person, city, or even a product or service.

I would really like to get to know your sister
I’m getting to know the city really well
I should start getting to know how to use this program

To get by- to be able to survive with the limited supply or knowledge of something that you have.

I make just enough money to get by
My Spanish isn’t so good but I can get by

So now that you know the uses of the word get, go out and put it to test. Try identifying the different uses of get while watching a movie, T.V. show or listening to some music or podcasts. Hopefully you will start to get how we use get little better, take advantage of all the online English resources and get excited about learning. That’s enough “gets” for one day, If you have any questions or feedback feel free to comment. Until we meet again Real Life English readers.

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