Question: Whenever I have my hearing tested, it seems the audiologist uses the same list of words each time. I can understand this for people who have never been tested before, but when I get my hearing tested regularly, isn’t this sort of ridiculous? I mean, I’ve half-memorized the word list so I’m not getting fair test results, am I?—D. P.
Answer: I understand your concerns, but your questions reflect a fundamental misunderstanding of the whole audiometric testing process. When you go to your audiologist for a complete audiological evaluation, your audiologist performs a whole battery of tests. The speech audiometry portion of your audiological evaluation consists of not just one, but two “word” tests—the Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) test and the Speech Discrimination (SD) or Word Recognition (WR) test. The SRT and the SD/WR tests are entirely different tests—each with totally different objectives. Unfortunately, many people somehow “smoosh” these two tests together in their minds, hence the confusion and concern expressed in your questions. Let me explain.
Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) Testing
The purpose of the Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) test, sometimes called the speech-recognition threshold test, is to determine the softest level at which you just begin to recognize speech. That’s it. It has nothing to do with speech discrimination.
Audiologists determine your Speech Reception Threshold by asking you to repeat a list of easy-to-distinguish, familiar spondee words. (Spondee words are two-syllable words that have equal stress on each syllable. You’ll notice that when you repeat a spondee, you speak each syllable at the same volume and take the same length of time saying each syllable.) Here are examples of some of the spondee words used in SRT testing: baseball, cowboy, railroad, hotdog, ice cream, airplane, outside and cupcake.
When you take the SRT test, your audiologist will tell you, “Say the word ‘baseball.’ Say the word ‘cowboy.’ Say the word ‘hotdog.’” etc. As she does this, she varies the volume to find the softest sound level in decibels at which you can just hear and correctly repeat 50% of these words. This level is your SRT score expressed in decibels (dB). You will have a separate SRT test for each ear.1
If your SRT is 5 dB (normal), you can understand speech perfectly at 21 feet and still catch some words at over 100 feet. If you have a mild hearing loss—or example a SRT of 30 dB—you could only hear perfectly at 1 foot but could still hear some words at 18 feet. If your SRT is 60 dB (a moderately severe hearing loss), you would need the speaker to be only 1 inch from your ear in order to hear perfectly and within 1 foot to still hear some of the words correctly.2
Now, to address your concerns about memorizing the words in the word lists. For the record, you should be familiar with all the spondee words in the list before testing commences because this familiarization results in an SRT that is 4 to 5 dB better than that obtained if you didn’t know them.3
Bet you didn’t know this, but there are actually two standardized spondee word lists—not just one. Each list consists of 18 words. These words are “phonetically dissimilar and homogeneous in terms of intelligibility.”3 That is just a fancy-pants way of saying that all these words sound different, yet are equally easy to understand. Spondees are an excellent choice for determining your Speech Reception Threshold because they are so easy to understand at faint hearing levels.3
Let me emphasize again, you are supposed to know these words. They are not supposed to be a secret. However, this doesn’t mean that because you know a number of the words on this list, that you have memorized them. In fact, it would be difficult since there are two different SRT word lists, and your audiologist may go from top to bottom, or bottom to top, or in random order. Thus, although you are generally familiar with these words, and can even recite a number of them from memory, you still don’t know the exact order you’ll be hearing them so you cannot cheat. Thus, you can set your mind at rest. Your SRT scores are still perfectly valid even though the words “railroad,” “cowboy” and “hotdog” are almost certainly going to be in one of those lists.
Why is knowing your Speech Reception Threshold important? In addition to determining the softest level at which you can hear and repeat words, your SRT is also used to confirm the results of your pure-tone threshold test. For example, there is a high correlation between your SRT results and the average of your pure-tone thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. In fact, your SRT and 3-frequency average should be within 6 dB of each other.4 Furthermore, your Speech Reception Threshold determines the appropriate gain needed when selecting the right hearing aid for your hearing loss.4
Discrimination Testing
The purpose of Speech Discrimination (SD) testing (also called Word Recognition (WR) testing) is to determine how well you hear and understand speech when the volume is set at your Most Comfortable Level (MCL).
To do this, your audiologist says a series of 50 single-syllable phonetically-balanced (PB) words. (Phonetically-balanced just means that the percent of time any given sound appears on the list is equal to its occurrence in the English language.5 For this test, your audiologist will say, “Say the word ‘come.’ Say the word ‘high.’ Say the word ‘chew.’ Say the word ‘knees,’” and so on. You repeat back what you think you hear.
During this test, your audiologist keeps her voice (or a recording on tape or CD) at the same loudness throughout. Each correct response is worth 2%. She records the percentage of the words you correctly repeat for each ear.
For the best results, the Speech Discrimination word list is typically read at 40 decibels above your SRT level (although it may range from 25-50 dB above your SRT level, depending on how you perceive sound).4
Your Speech Discrimination score is an important indicator of how much difficulty you will have communicating and how well you may do if you wear a hearing aid. If your speech discrimination is poor, speech will sound garbled to you.
For example, a Speech Discrimination score of 100% indicates that you heard and repeated every word correctly. If your score was 0%, it means that you cannot understand speech no matter how loud it is1—speech will be just so much gibberish to you. Scores over 90% are excellent and are considered to be normal. Scores below 90% indicate a problem with word recognition.3 If your score is under 50%, your word discrimination is poor. This indicates that you will have significant trouble following a conversation, even when it is loud enough for you to hear.2 Thus, hearing aids will only be of very limited benefit in helping you understand speech. If your speech discrimination falls below 40%, you may be eligible for a cochlear implant.
Incidentally, people with conductive hearing losses frequently show excellent speech discrimination scores when the volume is set at their most comfortable level. On the other hand, people with sensorineural hearing losses typically have poorer discrimination scores. People with problems in the auditory parts of their brains tend to have even poorer speech discrimination scores, even though they may have normal auditory pure-tone thresholds.3
Unlike the SRT word lists (railroad, cowboy, hotdog, etc.), where everyone seems to remember some of the words, I have never come across a person who has memorized any of the words in the speech discrimination lists. In fact, as the initial questions indicated, people mistakenly think the SRT words are used for speech discrimination. This is just not true. In truth, the SD words are so unprepossessing and “plain Jane” that few can even remember one of them! They just don’t stick in your mind!
For example, one Speech Discrimination list includes words such as: “are,” “bar,” “clove,” “dike,” “fraud,” “hive,” “nook,” “pants,” “rat,” “slip,” “there,” “use,” “wheat” and 37 others. How many of you remember any of these words?
One person asked, “Why aren’t there several different word lists to use?” Then our audiologists would find out if we really heard them.”
Surprise! This is what they already do. There are not just one, but many phonetically-balanced word lists already in existence. In case you are interested, the Harvard Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory developed the original PB word lists. There are 20 of these lists, collectively referred to as the PB-50 lists. These 20 PB-50 lists each contain 50 single-syllable words comprising a total of 1,000 different monosyllabic words. Several years later, the Central Institute for the Deaf (CID) developed four 50-word W-22 word lists, using 120 of the same words used in the PB-50 lists and adding 80 other common words. Furthermore, Northwestern University developed yet four more word lists6 (devised from a grouping of 200 consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC] words). These lists are called the Northwestern University Test No. 6 (NU-6).4
As you now understand, your audiologist has a pool of over 1,000 words in 28 different lists from which to choose, thus making memorizing them most difficult. (In actual practice, audiologists use the W-22 and NU-6 lists much more commonly than the original PB-50 lists.) In addition to choosing any one of the many speech discrimination word lists available to her, your audiologist may go from top to bottom, or bottom to top so you still don’t know what word is coming next. Thus you can rest assured that your word discrimination test is valid. Your memory has not influenced any of the results.
In addition to determining how well you recognize speech, Speech Discrimination testing has another use. Your audiologist uses it to verify that your hearing aids are really helping you. She does this by testing you first without your hearing aids on to set the baseline Speech Discrimination score. Then she tests you with your hearing aids on. If your hearing aids are really helping you understand speech better, your Speech Discrimination scores should be significantly higher than without them on. If the scores are lower, your audiologist needs to “tweak” them or try different hearing aids.
To Guess or Not To Guess, That is the Question
One person asked, “Do audiologists want us to guess at the word if we are not sure what the word is? Wouldn’t it be better to say what we really hear instead of trying to guess what the word is?”
Good question. Your audiologist wants you to just repeat what you hear. If you hear what sounds like a proper word, say it. If it is gibberish and not any word you know, either repeat the gibberish sounds you heard, or just say that you don’t have a clue what the word is supposed to be. If you don’t say anything when you are not completely certain of the word, you are skewing the results because sometimes you will hear the word correctly, but by not repeating what you thought you heard, you are deliberately lowering your discrimination score.
Another person remarked, “I remember a while back; when I was taking the word test, there was a word that sounded like the 4 letter word that begins with an ‘F’. I knew it wasn’t that word, and I would not say ‘F***.’” In that case, if you are not comfortable repeating what you “heard,” just say it sounded like a “dirty” word and you don’t want to repeat it. You audiologist will know you got it wrong as there are no “dirty” words on the PB lists.
____________________
References
1 ASHA. 2005. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/testing/assess.htm.
2 Olsson, Robert. 1996. Do You Have a Hearing Loss? In: How-To Guide For Families Coping With Hearing Loss. http://www.earinfo.com. p. 3.
3 Pachigolla, Ravi, MD & Jeffery T. Vrabec, MD. 2000. Assessment of Peripheral and Central Auditory Function. Dept. of Otolaryngology. UTMB.http://www.utmb.edu/otoref/Grnds/Auditory-assessment/200003/Auditory_Assess_200003.htm.
4 Smoski, Walter J. Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Illinois State University. http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic371.htm.
5 Audiologic Consultants. 2005.http://www.audiologicconsultants.com/hearing_evaluations.htm
6 Thompson, Sadi. 2002. Comparison of Word Familiarity: Conversational Words v. NU-6 list Words. Dept. Sp. Ed. & Comm. Dis. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Lincoln, NE. http://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/arc_disp.asp?id=350.
Online Speech Hearing Test
There are many types of hearing tests to evaluate hearing from a speech perspective as opposed to pure tones which is the typical way hearing is checked. After all, ability to understand speech is the main criteria that people use to determine whether they need to get a hearing test or not and not so much how well they can hear beeps.
There are two different speech hearing tests offered here. The WIN (Word-In-Noise) test plays a background noise while presenting a word list of varying loudness. Hearing ability is determined by how many words are accurately identified and is NOT meant to be easy… even for a normal hearing person. In fact, if one correctly identifies ALL words in this test, you would be considered to have SUPER-human hearing ability. Video instructions can be found here.
The second test is known as the SRT (Speech Reception Threshold) and it determines what is the minimal loudness required in order for a person to understand speech. This test is performed without any background noise. Video instructions can be found here.
Both tests are best performed in a very quiet environment with headphones.
** PLEASE NOTE! If you have any problems getting these webpages to work, please try using the Chrome browser instead and make sure javascript is enabled!
Quiet Room Check (Optional): Is Your Room Quiet Enough?
In order for any hearing test to provide reliable results, the testing environment must be quiet! The louder
the environment, the greater the tendency for test results to show hearing loss where none should be
present. A sound check ensures you are in a quiet enough room to accurately perform the online hearing
test. In a home, the most quiet room typically would be inside a closet full of clothes. During this test,
try not to make any noises for the duration of the test (about 8 seconds) when the average dB stabilizes.
Click here to perform a sound meter check!
If the testing environment showed either an excellent or good score, proceed to step 1. Otherwise, try to
find a quieter room and repeat this step. One can still proceed with the hearing test even if the results
show a poor score, but understand that the hearing test results may not be accurate.
Background Information
Common speech hearing tests include speech reception threshold (SRT) as well as speech discrimination score (SDS) which are performed without any background noise.
Alternative speech hearing tests include those performed in background noise. More rarely performed in practice, these speech-in-noise (SIN) or word-in-noise (WIN) tests make «more sense» in that it provides information on how well a person can hear in daily life activities, especially for those who complain of difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments (ie, restaurants). Interestingly, how well a person performs on speech-in-quiet (SIQ) tests like the SRT and SDS do NOT predict how well the same person will perform on SIN/WIN tests. When an individual performs poorly on a SIN/WIN test, but has a normal hearing test, this may suggest «hidden» hearing loss or some type of central auditory processing disorder (CAPD). When performed in-person, SIN/WIN tests involve accurately repeating back a sentence/word while background noise is present at varying degrees of loudness.
When it comes to online SIN/WIN tests, one of the best studied example of online SIN tests is the Dutch website «EarCheck.» The CheckHearing online WIN speech hearing test provided here is based on the Dutch EarCheck program, but of course in English along with other slight modifications.
Technical Information: For the WIN test, the noise is presented at 65dB. The word list used is taken from NU-6 and is presented at either 41dB, 47dB, or 59dB. For the SRT test, the spondaic word list used is taken from ASHA 1979 and is presented between 10-60dB.
For the SRT test, words are presented starting at 60 dB down to 10 dB. Once user answers 3 out of 6 words correctly at a given dB level, that is the SRT score.
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A synchronous satellite, which always remains above the same point on a planet’s equator, is put in orbit around Jupiter to study that planet’s famous red spot. Jupiter rotates once every 9.84 h. Use the data to find the altitude of the satellite above the surface of the planet.
BodyMass (kg)MeanPeriod ofMean DistanceT2r3(s2/m3) Radius (m)Revolution (s)from the Sun (m) Mercury3.30×10232.44×1067.60×1065.79×10102.98×10−19Venus4.87×10246.05×1061.94×1071.08×10112.99×10−19Earth5.97×10246.37×1063.156×1071.496×10112.97×10−19Mars6.42×10233.39×1065.94×1072.28×10112.98×10−19Jupiter 1.90×10276.99×1073.74×1087.78×10112.97×10−19Saturn5.68×10265.82×1079.29×1081.43×10122.95×10−19Uranus8.68×10252.54×1072.65×1092.87×10122.97×10−19Neptune1.02×10262.46×1075.18×1094.50×10122.94×10−19Pluto1.25×10221.20×1067.82×1095.91×10122.96×10−19Moon7.35×10221.74×106—Sun1.989×10306.96×108—begin{array}{l}
text{Body} & text{Mass (kg)} & text{Mean} & text{Period of} & text{Mean Distance} & text{$frac{T^{2}}{r^{3}}left(s^{2} / m^{3}right)$}\
text{ } & text{ } & text{Radius (m)} & text{Revolution (s)} & text{from the Sun (m)} & text{ }\
text{Mercury} & text{$3.30 times 10^{23}$} & text{$2.44 times 10^{6}$} & text{$7.60 times 10^{6}$} & text{$5.79 times 10^{10}$} & text{$2.98 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Venus} & text{$4.87 times 10^{24}$} & text{$6.05 times 10^{6}$} & text{$1.94 times 10^{7}$} & text{$1.08 times 10^{11}$} & text{$2.99 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Earth} & text{$5.97 times 10^{24}$} & text{$6.37 times 10^{6}$} & text{$3.156 times 10^{7}$} & text{$1.496 times 10^{11}$} & text{$2.97 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Mars} & text{$6.42 times 10^{23}$} & text{$3.39 times 10^{6}$} & text{$5.94 times 10^{7}$} & text{$2.28 times 10^{11}$} & text{$2.98 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Jupiter } & text{$1.90 times 10^{27}$} & text{$6.99 times 10^{7}$} & text{$3.74 times 10^{8}$} & text{$7.78 times 10^{11}$} & text{$2.97 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Saturn} & text{$5.68 times 10^{26}$} & text{$5.82 times 10^{7}$} & text{$9.29 times 10^{8}$} & text{$1.43 times 10^{12}$} & text{$2.95 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Uranus} & text{$8.68 times 10^{25}$} & text{$2.54 times 10^{7}$} & text{$2.65 times 10^{9}$} & text{$2.87 times 10^{12}$} & text{$2.97 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Neptune} & text{$1.02 times 10^{26}$} & text{$2.46 times 10^{7}$} & text{$5.18 times 10^{9}$} & text{$4.50 times 10^{12}$} & text{$2.94 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Pluto} & text{$1.25 times 10^{22}$} & text{$1.20 times 10^{6}$} & text{$7.82 times 10^{9}$} & text{$5.91 times 10^{12}$} & text{$2.96 times 10^{-19}$}\
text{Moon} & text{$7.35 times 10^{22}$} & text{$1.74 times 10^{6}$} & text{-} & text{-} & text{-}\
text{Sun} & text{$1.989 times 10^{30}$} & text{$6.96 times 10^{8}$} & text{-} & text{-} & text{-}\
end{array}
Contents
- 1 The Most Commonly Repeated Spellings of Words for IELTS Listening Test
- 2 List of Words in Listening Test
The Most Commonly Repeated Spellings of Words for IELTS Listening Test
An IELTS Listening spelling list will help you hone your language skills while preparing for the exam. Vocabulary is allocated 25% of marks for all 4 categories of the IELTS test, that is, Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening. In the Listening section of the IELTS test, you can come across thousands of words from different topics. You must know the pronunciations as well as the spellings of all the repeated words that come in the IELTS exam. It can contribute to fetching you a high band. Developing the English language is very important in order to ace the IELTS test.
Correct responses are the foundation for a high IELTS Listening score. This means that you earn one point for each question you successfully answer correctly. For erroneous responses, you don’t lose points. An answer must be spelt correctly in order for it to be accepted. Any incorrectly spelt response will be marked as incorrect. For consideration, the IELTS recognises both British and American English spelling.
For example, people are prone to making mistakes in the spelling of words like preparation, material, listening, repeat, tuition, etc.
Moreover, knowing the correct usage and spelling of these words will also enable you to communicate fluently even after your IELTS days are behind you. So, read our IELTS Listening spelling list to know the correct spelling of 1200 oft-repeated English words in the IELTS test that will help you during and beyond IELTS.
Here is a list of the most commonly used words in the IELTS listening test that you should keep in mind to avoid losing valuable marks. Be warned, some of these words are commonly misspelt by IELTS test takers.
List of Words in Listening Test
- Days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, weekdays, weekend
- Months of the year: January, February, March, April, May, June, July August, September, October, November, December
- Hobbies: gardening, stamp collection, orienteering, caving, spelunking, scuba diving, snorkeling, skateboarding, bowls, archery, ice skating, darts, golf, billiards, photography, painting, embroidery, climbing, chess, parachute, pottery, woodcarving.
- Subjects: science, politics, architecture, law, geography, history, biology, archaeology, literature, statistics, mathematics, performing arts, visual arts, logic, physics, psychology, anthropology, economics, philosophy, chemistry, humanities, business management, agriculture.
- Marketing: catalogue, interview, research method, entertainment industry, TV program, strategies, leadership, management, customer, special offer, collecting data, display, products, questionnaire, survey, mass media, poll, business card, training, trainee, statistic, profit margin, newsletter, competition, merchandise, manufacture, recruitment.
- Studying at college/university: course outline, group discussion, handout, research, Proofreading, experiment, written work, report writing, experience, reference, textbook, student advisor, teamwork, module, topic, dictionary, laptop, printer, assessment, library, department, computer centre, classroom, attendance, deadline, give a talk, speech, lecture, tutor, main hall, computer laboratory, certificate, diploma, placement test, facilities, college, dining room, specialist, knowledge, international, accommodation, overseas students, full-time, homestay, primary, secondary, intermediate, media room, commencement, dissertation, leaflet, school reunion, feedback, tasks, outcomes, advanced, introductory, extra background, resources room, staff, higher education, guidelines, post-secondary, faculty, pupils, pencil, supervisor, bachelor’s degree, compound, foreign students, schedule, vocabulary, student support services, student retention, publication, registrar’s office, stationery.
- Works and jobs: designer, occupation, profession, decorator, architect, engineer, waiter, teacher, vacancy, professor, specialist, manager, waitress, psychologist، volunteer, craftsman, work experience, curriculum vitae, freelance, secretary, mail address, receptionist, pilot, lecturer, office assistant, clerk, accountant, guard, flight attendant, cashier, captain
- Health: yoga, tai-chi, keep-fit, salad bar, vegetarian, outdoor activities, leisure time, disease, meal, protein, balanced diet, food pyramid, vitamin, carbohydrates, rice, pasta, potatoes, pizza, tomatoes, bread, cereals, minerals, zinc, meat, seafood, eggs, beans, milk, cheese, yoghurt, fruit, vegetables, citrus fruits, green pepper, blackcurrant, nuts, egg yolk, liver, medicine، treatment, remedy, nursing care, nursery, regular exercise.
- Nature: field, footbridge, river, mountain, forest, village, environment, waterfall, coast, reef, lake, valley, peninsula, earthquake, avalanche, tornado, typhoon, hill, cliff, island, desertification, volcano, disaster, landslides, storm, flood, hurricane, pond, catastrophe, erosion, jungle, oasis, dam, canyon
- The environment: coal, fossil fuels, acid rain, global warming, carbon dioxide, greenhouse effect, burning fossil, exhaust fumes, smog, climate, pollution, temperature, power plants, deforestation, nitrogen oxide, landfill, cattle, wind turbine, renewable, source of energy, reliable, solar panels, solar power, hydroelectric power, environmentally friendly, oxygen, chemical-free, vegetation, sea level, ocean currents, soil conditioner, firewood, desert, degradation, drought, contaminated.
- Continents: Australia, Africa, South America, North America, Asia, Europe, Antarctica
- Countries: Switzerland, Turkey, England, Egypt, Mexico, Germany, Greece, Brazil, India, North Korea, the Dominican Republic, France, Indonesia, India, Malaysia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Nigeria, Pakistan, Singapore, the Philippines, Denmark.
- Languages: Japanese, German, linguistics, bilingual, trilingual, polyglot, Portuguese, Mandarin, Bengali, Chinese, Hindi, Russian, Punjabi, Thai, Persian, Filipino, French, Italian, Greek, French
- Architecture and buildings: dome, palace, fort, castle, glasshouse, pyramid, log cabin, lighthouse, hut, skyscraper, sculpture
- Homes: chimney, bedroom, semi-detached house, duplex, townhouse, row house, bungalow, thatched cottage, mobile home, houseboat, a block of flats, apartment building, condominium, basement, landlord, terraced house, tenant, rent, lease, neighborhood, suburb, dormitory, story, kitchen, refrigerator, microwave, sofa, coffee table, ground floor, oven, hallway, insurance
- In the city: central station, cities, street, lane, city centre, car park, department store, bridge, temple, hospital, garden, avenue, embassy, road system
- Transportations: boat, lifeboat, cargo plane, shipment, container ship, ferry, liner, canal boat, narrowboat, dinghy sailing, hovercraft, hydrofoil, sailboat, paddle steamer, cabin cruiser, kayak, canoe, punt, gondola, aircraft, rowing boat, rowboat, helicopter, seaplane, airship, hot-air balloon, airport, platform, hire a car, automobile, crew, passenger.
- Workplaces: staff selection, clinic, dentist, reception, appointment, colleague, workshop, employer, employment, unemployed, technical cooperation, team leaders, showroom, information desk, stress, ability, vision, employee, internship, confidence.
- Places: parliament, accommodation, local library, swimming pool, cafeteria, cottage, restaurant, bookshop, sports centre, city council, canteen, cafe, dance studio, park, conversation club, kindergarten
- Money matters: cash, debit, low-risk investment, credit card, cheque, annual fee, monthly membership, tuition fees, poverty, bank statement, money management, current account, interest rate, deposit, student account, withdraw, mortgage, grace period, in advance, budget deficit, retail voucher, coupon، counterfeit money, debt, interest-free credit, purchase, partial refund, annuity, public money, taxpayers’ money, income, non-refundable, MasterCard, VISA, duty-free store, distribution costs, finance department, family finances.
- Rating and qualities: expensive, cheap, reasonable, satisfactory, dangerous, poor quality, satisfied, disappointed, efficient, luxurious, safe, strongly recommended, coloured, spotted, striped
- Touring: souvenir, trip, tourist guided tour, ticket office, guest, reservation, view, culture, single double-bedded room, picnic, tourist attraction, hostel, suite, memorable, aquarium.
- Adjectives: energetic, social, ancient, necessary, fantastic, exciting, fabulous, dull, comfortable, convenient, suitable, affordable, voluntary، mandatory, compulsory, temporary, permanent, Immense, vast, salty, extinct, vulnerable, pessimistic, optimistic, realistic, practical, knowledgeable, flexible, confident, Western, intensive, tranquil, spectacular, intact, various
- Verbs: train, develop, collect, supervise, mark, edit, revise, exhibit, donate, surpass, register, support, hunt, persuade, concentrate, discuss, suggest, arrange, borrow, immigrate, review, learn, touch.
- Sports: jet-skiing, bodyboarding, snowboarding, cricket, baseball, basketball, rugby, hang-gliding, skydiving, soccer, American football, hockey, swimming, tennis, squash, the javelin, badminton, ping-pong, field, court, pitch, stadium, team, the discus, the hammer, the high jump, horse racing, show jumping, polo, cycling, canoeing, refreshment, gymnasium, extreme sports, paragliding, abseiling, athlete, gym, bungee jumping, white-water rafting, surfing, windsurfing, kitesurfing, mountain biking, push-up, judo, recreation, jogging, press-up, snooker, walking, barbell, treadmill, championship.
- Shapes: Oval, Square, rectangular, triangular, polygon, spherical, circular, curved, cylindrical, three dimensions, Measurement width, length, altitude, imperial system, metric system, spiral, Mass, depth, breadth, height, frequency
- Weather: humid, hot, sticky, breeze, chilly, cold, cool, dry, dusty, freezing, hot, warm, wet, weather forecast, antenna, moisture,
- Equipment and tools: helmet, light, musical instrument, cassette, silicon chip, digital monitor, gadget, device, screen, breaks, wheels, mechanical pencil, disk, backpack,
- The arts and media: Opera, Orchestra, concert, symphony, the press, conductor, vocalist, audience, festival, carnival, exhibition, classical music, theatre, cinemas, art gallery, museum, ballet, television, radio, graphics, newspaper
- The animal kingdom: lion, penguin, seabirds, poultry and game, birds of prey, mammals, genus, species, cetacean, whale, primates, rodents, reptile, insects, octopus, phylum, fish, amphibian, class, order, family, livestock, creature, plants: mushroom, fungus, stem, roots, cluster, fertilizer, leaves, seed, core, bark, trunk, twig, branch, flower.
- Vehicles: camper, double-decker bus, single-decker, minibus, forklift truck, school bus, coach, truck, tanker, van, lorry, transporter, tow truck, breakdown truck, pickup, jeep, taxi, cab, tram, underground, subway, caravan, tractor, stream train, freight train, a goods train
- Expressions and time: midday, three times, three times per week, millennium, a gap year, fulltime, part-time, midnight, century, decade, fortnight.
- Materials: aluminum, copper, fur, metal, steel, rubber, plastic, ceramics, cement, stone, textile, cotton, fabric, wool, glass, leather, bone, paper, lumber/wood, glue, concrete, wax, paper, wood, silver, composite, fiberglass, gold, feather
- Colour: blue, white, orange, green, grey, black, red, yellow, purple, brown, pink
- Other: sufficient, dialogue, passport photo, state, variety, private sector, practice, gender, creativity, government, individual, original inhabitant, indigenous, demonstration, circuit, guarantee, commerce, carriage, narrative, strike, entrance, chocolate, satellite, decision, prototype, attitude, activity, recipient, ultrasound, pedestrian safety, daily routine, personal fulfilment, traffic jams, procedures, creation, senior, opportunity, driving license, prize, junior, process, literary, man-made, republicans, waiting list, sewer systems, liberal democracy, democrats, umbrella, frequently updated, lunar calendar, libertarian, burger, videos, fund-raising event, magnet, dialect, ramification, straight, nature conservation, life expectancy, farewell, welfare, encyclopedia, illiteracy, robot, proficiency, evolution, revolution.
Correct usage of words and their spellings is the foremost requirement for well-written content, and to get an exhaustive list of such words you may register yourself for our IELTS online classes.
Also check :
- IELTS Listening Answer Sheet
- IELTS listening recent actual test
- IELTS Listening tips
- How to Improve IELTS Listening Section 3 and 4?
- What is Signposting?
Frequently Asked Questions
Do spellings matter in IELTS test?
Yes. You are marked for the correctness of your spellings.
Should I follow American or British spelling? For example, it is color in Amercian and colour in British?
Please stick to the British variant. It is “Colour”
Should I use “z” or “s” in words like familiari[s/z]e, urbani[s/z]ation ?
Please follow the British variant here also. Use “s”.
In cases like ” New Zealand” will I lose marks if I write “Newzealand”?
Yes.
In cases like “snorkeling” will I lose marks if I write “snorkelling”? I ask this question because, it shows that I know the word, only the “l” is extra?
Yes, you will lose marks. You are supposed to be aware of the correct spelling.