Table of Contents
- What does Graphien mean?
- What does kirkos mean in Greek?
- What is meso theory?
- What is meso product?
- What is the difference between meso and racemic?
- What is a racemic product?
- Is Meso optically active?
- How do you configure assigned R and S?
- What is the difference between R and S enantiomers?
- What does R and S configuration mean?
- What is R and S in organic chemistry?
- What is R and S notation?
- Is clockwise R or S?
- Is D and L the same as R and S?
- Are amino acids S or R?
- Is d same as R?
- What is D and L in stereochemistry?
- What does D and L mean?
- What are the two Anomers of D-glucose?
- How do you know if a carb is D or L?
- What is a Pyranose ring?
- How can you tell if an amino acid is L or D?
- Does Laevorotatory glucose exist?
In ancient Greek, the word graphein meant “to write.” Therefore, words like phonograph and photograph can be translated as “writing in sound” and “writing in light.” The Greek word gramma, which is related to graphein, means “letter” or “something written.” Words like diagram, “sketch or drawing,” and grammar, “the …
What does Graphien mean?
Explanation: It means “write” and you are probably referring to “grafo” (γράφω).
What does kirkos mean in Greek?
Greek word kirkos means ring or circle.
What is meso theory?
Mesosociology is the study of intermediate (meso) social forces and stratification such as income, age, gender, race, ethnicity, organizations and geographically circumscribed communities.
What is meso product?
Meso Compounds. A meso compound is an achiral compound that has chiral centers. It is superimposed on its mirror image and is optically inactive although it contains two or more stereocenters.
What is the difference between meso and racemic?
Racemic mixtures are mixtures of organic compounds called enantiomers. A meso compound contains an identical mirror image. The main difference between a racemic mixture and a meso compound is that a racemic mixture contains non-identical isomers whereas a meso compound contains an identical isomer.
What is a racemic product?
Racemic mixture, also called racemate, a mixture of equal quantities of two enantiomers, or substances that have dissymmetric molecular structures that are mirror images of one another. …
Is Meso optically active?
A meso compound or meso isomer is a non-optically active member of a set of stereoisomers, at least two of which are optically active. This means that despite containing two or more stereogenic centers, the molecule is not chiral.
How do you configure assigned R and S?
Assigning R and S Configuration: Steps and Rules
- Give each atom connected to the chiral center a priority based on its atomic number.
- Draw an arrow starting from priority one and going to priority two and then to priority 3: If the arrow goes clockwise, like in this case, the absolute configuration is R.
What is the difference between R and S enantiomers?
Because the 4th highest priority atom is placed in the back, the arrow should appear like it is going across the face of a clock. If it is going clockwise, then it is an R-enantiomer; If it is going counterclockwise, it is an S-enantiomer.
What does R and S configuration mean?
The Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system is a set of rules that allows us to unambiguously define the stereochemical configuration of any stereocenter, using the designations ‘R ‘ (from the Latin rectus, meaning right-handed) or ‘ S ‘ (from the Latin sinister, meaning left-handed).
What is R and S in organic chemistry?
R and S Notation Follow the direction of the remaining 3 priorities from highest to lowest priority (lowest to highest number, 1<2<3). A counterclockwise direction is an S (sinister, Latin for left) configuration. A clockwise direction is an R (rectus, Latin for right) configuration.
What is R and S notation?
R & S Notation Follow the direction of the remaining 3 priorities from highest to lowest priority (lowest to highest number, 1<2<3). A counterclockwise direction is an S (latin: sinister) configuration. A clockwise direction is an R (latin: rectus) configuration.
Is clockwise R or S?
If the lowest priority group is in front of this curved arrow, then the assignment is reversed: clockwise is S and counterclockwise is R.
Is D and L the same as R and S?
(D-L system labels the whole molecule, while R/S system labels the absolute configuration of each chirality center.)
Are amino acids S or R?
Most naturally occurring chiral amino acids are S, with the exception of cysteine. As the diagram below shows, the absolute configuration of the amino acids can be shown with the H pointed to the rear, the COOH groups pointing out to the left, the R group to the right, and the NH3 group upwards.
Is d same as R?
1 Answer. The main difference between L, D configuration and S, R configuration is that the first one is relative configuration while the second one is absolute configuration.
What is D and L in stereochemistry?
D and L enantiomersEdit D and L enantiomers refer to the configurational stereochemistry of the molecule. L isomers have the hydroxy group attached to the left side of the asymmetric carbon furthest from the carbonyl, while D isomers have the hydroxy group on the right side.
What does D and L mean?
Reviewed by Dr. Jennifer Logan, MD, MPH. The D- and L- system is named after the Latin dexter and laevus, which translates to left and right. The assignment of D and L is used to distinguish between two molecules that relate to each other with respect to reflection; with one molecule being a mirror image of the other.
What are the two Anomers of D-glucose?
The hemiacetal carbon atom (C-1) becomes a new stereogenic center, commonly referred to as the anomeric carbon, and the α and β-isomers are called anomers. We can now consider how this modification of the glucose structure accounts for the puzzling facts noted above.
How do you know if a carb is D or L?
- if the OH on the bottom chiral centre points to the right, it is referred to as D-
- if the OH on the bottom chiral centre points to the left, it is referred to as L- .
What is a Pyranose ring?
Pyranose is a collective term for saccharides that have a chemical structure that includes a six-membered ring consisting of five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. There may be other carbons external to the ring.
How can you tell if an amino acid is L or D?
To determine if an amino acid is L or D, look at the α carbon, so that the hydrogen atom is directly behind it. This should place the three other functional groups in a circle. Follow from COOH to R to NH2, or CORN. If this is in a counterclockwise direction, the the amino acid is in the L-isomer.
Does Laevorotatory glucose exist?
D-glucose is dextrorotatory whereas L-glucose is laevorotatory.
What is Graphein?
The word “graphein” is simply the Greek present active infinitive of the verb meaning “scratch,” “carve,” or “write” (γράφειν). The Greek infinitive indicates “aspect,” not time, and the infinitive named the “present” indicates that which is ongoing or habitual.
What does Graphein mean in Latin?
Study of the earth. From the Greek, ‘Geographia,’ or ‘writing about the earth’; ‘ge’ meaning ‘earth’ and ‘graphein’ meaning ‘to write’.
What does biblion mean?
A bibliophile is “a person who loves and collects books.” If you’ve been reading carefully, you know already that biblio- means “book,” but what about the -phile portion of the word?
What logy means?
-logy is a suffix in the English language, used with words originally adapted from Ancient Greek ending in -λογία (-logia). The suffix has the sense of “the character or deportment of one who speaks or treats of [a certain subject]”, or more succinctly, “the study of [a certain subject]”.
What does Biblos mean in Greek?
“Biblos” or “Βίβλος” in Greek is the Bible. It consists of the Old and the New testament. This word shares the same root with the word “βιβλίο” which means “book”.
What does Byblos mean in Greek?
The name Byblos is Greek; papyrus received its early Greek name (byblos, byblinos) from its being exported to the Aegean through Byblos. Hence the English word Bible is derived from byblos as “the (papyrus) book.”
What does chroma mean in Greek?
From Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”)
Does Bible mean Sun book?
TheRealAfrikanTruth — Holy Bible comes from the greek word Helios Biblos…
What does the Holy Bible mean in Latin?
Medieval Latin biblia is short for biblia sacra “holy book”, while biblia in Greek and Late Latin is neuter plural (gen. bibliorum).
What are the books removed from the Bible?
This book contains: 1 Esdras, 2 Esdras, The Book of Tobit, The Book of Susanna, Additions to Esther, The Book of Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, The Epistle of Jeremiah, The Prayer of Azariah, Bel and the Dragon, Prayer of Manasses, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, Book of Enoch, Book of Jubilees, Gospel of …
Where does the word holy come from?
The English word holy dates back to at least the 11th century with the Old English word hālig, an adjective derived from hāl (‘whole’), which was used to mean ‘uninjured, sound, healthy, entire, complete’. The Scottish hale (‘health, happiness, wholeness’) is the most complete modern form of this Old English root.
Is Holy a bad word?
Holy is often used with bad words as an intensifier: (Informal) Used as an intensive: raised holy hell over the mischief their children did.
What is the biblical meaning of the word holy?
1 : exalted or worthy of complete devotion as one perfect in goodness and righteousness. 2 : divine for the Lord our God is holy — Psalms 99:9 (King James Version)
What does Holy Moly mean?
—used to express surprise, amazement, or bewilderment Nate Tyler was finishing off his salmon dinner at a restaurant in Sydney last spring when suddenly the lights went out.
Is Holy Moly a sin?
Is saying “holy crap” or “holy cow” a sin? The word “holy” means that something is from God, referring to God in anyway in a blasphemous manner would of course be a sin, as it is a direct violation of the First Commandment, THE most important commandment!
Is Holy Moly a movie?
Holy Moly (1992)
Is moly a word?
moly n. A magic herb or plant used by Odysseus to overcome Circe.
How do u spell moly?
noun, plural mo·lies. an herb given to Odysseus by Hermes to counteract the spells of Circe.
Is moly a real plant?
Theophrastus’ Moly is a real plant, quite certainly Allium sp. 2. This plant supplies no evidence for the identification of Homer’s Moly.
What is the meaning of the name moly?
Molly (also spelled Molli or Mollie) is a diminutive of the Hebrew feminine name Mary. It may less commonly be used as a diminutive for popular feminine names that begin with M, such as Margaret, Martha, Martina or Melinda. It most commonly means “sea of bitterness”, “star of the sea”, or “rebelliousness/rebellion”.
What is Milly short for?
Milly is a feminine given name, sometimes used as a short form (hypocorism) of Mildred, Amelia, Emily, etc.
What is Molly in Gaelic?
Molly in Irish is Mallaidh.
What does the name Maggie mean?
The name Maggie is primarily a female name of English origin that means Pearl.
Is Maggie a cute name?
The name Maggie is a girl’s name of English origin meaning “pearl”. Maggie is a cute, earthy short form that has been in style for several decades now, still sometimes used as an independent name by such parents as Jon Stewart.
What does Maggie mean in Greek?
In Greek Baby Names the meaning of the name Maggie is: Pearl.
What is a nickname for Maggie?
Meg/Meggie – Over time Mag/Maggie transitioned into Meg/Meggie which would later transform into Peg/Peggy for rhyming nicknames. Meg/Meggie still make great creative options for Margaret today. Midge – A short form of Michael, Michelle or Margaret, Midge is a creative option for your Margaret.
What color is the name Maggie?
Name Maggie generally means Pearl, is of English, Scottish, Indian origin, Name Maggie is a Feminine (or Girl) name….
| Meaning: | Pearl |
|---|---|
| Gender: | Girl |
| Origin: | English, Scottish, Indian |
| Religion: | Christian |
| Auspicious Color: | Golden, Orange, Red |
How old is the name Maggie?
Margaret has been an English name since the eleventh century, and remained popular throughout the Middle Ages. It became less popular between the sixteenth century and eighteenth century, but became more common again after this period, becoming the second-most popular female name in the United States in 1903.
What does the name Maggie mean in the Bible?
This name derives from the Ancient Greek magdālā́ (μαγδᾱλᾱ́) Magdalēnḗ (Μαγδαληνή), which in turn from the Hebrew “migdál / migdaláh”, meaning “elegant, great, or tower”.
Is Maggie a biblical name?
Maggie is baby girl name mainly popular in Christian religion and its main origin is Greek. Maggie name meanings is A familiar form of magdalen.
Let’s start:- Graffiti reading answers ielts
READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
GRAFFITI
A
The word ‘graffiti’ derives from the Greek word graphein, meaning to write. This evolved into the Latin word graffito. Graffiti is the plural form of graffito. Simply put, graffiti is a drawing, scribbling or writing on a flat surface. Today, we equate graffiti with the ‘New York’ or ‘Hip Hop’ style which emerged from New York City in the 1970s. Hip Hop was originally an inner-city concept. It evolved from the rap music made in Brooklyn and Harlem in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Donald Clarke, a music historian, has written that rap music was a reaction to the disco music of the period. Disco was centred in the rich, elitist clubs of Manhattan and rap emerged on street corners as an alternative. Using lyrical rhythms and ‘beat boxing’, the music was a way to express feelings about inner-city life. Hip Hop emerged as turntables began to be used to form part of the rhythm by ‘scratching’ (the sound created by running the stylus over the grooves of an LP). As Hip Hop music emerged so did a new outlet for artistic visibility. Keith Haring began using posters to place his uniquely drawn figures and characters in public places. Soon he began to draw directly on subway walls and transit posters. The uniqueness of his drawings eventually led to their being shown in galleries and published in books and his art became ‘legitimate’.
B
At about the same time as Keith Haring, a delivery messenger began writing ‘Taki 183’ whenever he delivered documents. Soon his name was all over the city. Newspapers and magazines wrote articles about him and Keith Haring, and soon both became celebrities. This claim to fame attracted many young people, especially those involved with rapping, and they began to imitate ‘Taki 183’, as a means to indicate the writer’s presence, i.e. the age-old statement of I was here. Graffiti was soon incorporated int the Hip Hop culture and became a sort of triad with rapping and breakdancing. Breakdancing has since lost much of its initial popularity, while rapping has emerged as a major style in American music. New York City was inundated with graffiti during the late seventies and early eighties, but as media coverage faded so did the graffiti. Then, in the mid-eighties, a national TV programme did a graffiti story and set off a graffiti wildfire which has since gone global.
C
In the past, graffiti artists usually worked alone, but the size and complexity of pieces, as well as safety concerns, motivated artists to work together in crews, which are groups of graffitists that vary in membership from 3 to 10 or more persons. A member of a crew can be ‘down with’ (affiliated with) more than one crew. To join a crew, one must have produced stylish pieces and show potential for developing one’s own, unique style. A crew is headed by a king or queen who is usually that person recognised as having the best artistic ability among the members of the crew. One early crew wrote TAG as their crew name, an acronym for Tuff Artists Group. Tag has since come to mean both graffiti writing, ‘tagging’ and graffiti, a ‘tag’. Crews often tag together, writing both the crew tag and their own personal tags. Graffiti has its own language with terms such as piece, toy, wild-style, and racking.
D
At first pens and markets were used, but these were limited as to what types of surfaces they worked on, so very quickly everyone started using spray paint. Spray paint could mark all types of surfaces and be quick and easy to use. However, the spray nozzles on the spray cans proved inadequate to create more colourful pieces. Caps from deodorant, insecticide, and other aerosol cans were substituted to allow for a finer or thicker stream of paint. As municipalities began passing graffiti ordinances outlawing graffiti implements, clever ways of disguising paint implements were devised. Shoe polish, deodorant roll-ons and other seemingly innocent containers were emptied and filled with paint. Markers, art pens and grease pens obtained from art supply stores were also used. In fact, nearly any object which can leave a mark on most surfaces is used by taggers, though the spray can is the medium of choice for most taggers.
E
As graffiti has grown, so too has its character. What began as an urban lower-income protest, graffiti now spans all racial and economic groups. While many inner-city kids are still heavily involved in the graffiti culture, taggers range from the ultra-rich to the ultra-poor. There is no general classification of graffitists. They range in age from 12-30 years old, and there are male and female artists. One tagger recently caught in Philadelphia was a 27-year-old stockbroker who drove to tagging sites in his BMW. Styles have dramatically evolved from the simple cursory style, which is still the most prevalent, to intricate interlocking letter graphic designs with multiple colours called ‘pieces’ (from master-pieces). Gang markings of territory also fit the definition of graffiti, and they mainly consist of tags and messages that provide ‘news’ of happenings in the neighbourhood.
F
Graffiti shops, both retail and on-line, sell a wide variety of items to taggers. Caps, markers, magazines, T-shirts, backpacks, shorts with hidden pockets, even drawing books with templates of different railroad cars can be purchased. Over 25,000 graffiti sites exist on the world wide web; the majority of these are pro-graffiti. Graffiti vandalism is a problem in nearly every urban area in the world. Pro-graffiti web sites post photos of graffiti from Europe, South America, the Philippines, Australia, South Africa, China and Japan. Billions of dollars worldwide are spent each year in an effort to curb graffiti.
G
While most taggers are simply interested in seeing their name is as many places as possible and as visibly as possible, some taggers are more content to find secluded warehouse walls where they can practise their pieces. Some of these taggers are able to sell twelve-foot canvases of their work for upwards of $10 – $12,000. As graffiti was introduced to the art world, two trends happened. One, the art world of collectors, dealers, curators, artists and the like helped graffitists evolve in style, presumably by sharing their artistic knowledge with the newcomers. Two, the exposure helped to expand graffiti into all parts of the world. Furthermore, more progressive cities have recognised the talent of graffitists by providing a means for them to do legal graffiti art, which has helped to foster the art form and lessen the amount of graffiti art that appears in the city as vandalism. Likewise, organisations who support graffiti artists seek out places to do legal graffiti such as abandoned buildings, businesses, or community walls in parks. What this shows is that some graffiti, particularly in the form of a spray can art, is recognised as art by the conventional art world.
Questions 1-7 (Graffiti reading answers ielts)
Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-x in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.
i Becoming mainstream art
ii The Culture Of Graffiti
iii Tools Of The Trade
iv Internet Art Styles
v Crossing Boundaries
vi Cashing In On The Craze
vii Trends In Street Music
viii Gradually gaining popularity
ix A Solitary Existence
x From Ancient To Modern
1 Paragraph A
2 Paragraph B
3 Paragraph C
4 Paragraph D
5 Paragraph E
6 Paragraph F
7 Paragraph G
Questions 8-10
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 8-10 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer’s claims
FALSE if the statement contradicts the writer’s claims
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
8 The introduction of anti-graffiti laws managed to curb its spread in some cities.
9 Along with Hip Hop music came a new way of visual expression.
10 There was hostility towards graffiti artists among the established art community.
Questions 11-13
Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-F below.
Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.
11 Graffiti is flourishing in the 21st century as people from all backgrounds have begun to ……………………….
12 As graffiti has developed, it has come to ……………………….
13 Graffiti artists used many ingenious methods to ……………………..
A use it as a means of expression of rebellion against law enforcement.
B become increasingly more difficult to succeed in the art world.
C transcend race, status and gender.
D realise that inner-urban areas where poverty is the norm are decreasing.
E conceal their intentions from law enforcement officers.
F embrace it as a means of expression.
Answers:- Graffiti reading answers ielts
Passage 1
- x
- viii
- ii
- iii
- v
- vi
- i
- NOT GIVEN
- TRUE
- FALSE
- F
- C
- E
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Er. Nachhattar Singh ( CEO, blogger, youtuber, Motivational speaker)
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It is worth noting that in Greek graphein means “to write” or “to paint”
Dictionary of the History of Ideas
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The word ‘photography’ was coined by scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839 (though it had been coined seperately by Hercules Florence in 1834!) and is actually is derived from two Greek words: ‘photos’ meaning light and ‘graphein’ meaning draw.
Ada Lovelace Day 2010: Lee Miller in focus « Innovation Cloud
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The word ‘photography’ was coined by scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839 (though it had been coined seperately by Hercules Florence in 1834!) and is actually is derived from two Greek words: ‘photos’ meaning light and ‘graphein’ meaning draw.
March « 2010 « Innovation Cloud
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Graphite was named from the Greek verb graphein meaning to write because it was used in the manufacture of pencils.
Graphite
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«Program», according to dictionary. com, comes to us from the «Late Latin programma, public notice, from Greek programma, programmat -, from prographein, to write publicly: pro -, forth; see pro-2 + graphein, to write; see gerbh — in Indo-European Roots.»
Gender of Spanish Words
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_Epigram_ (from the Greek _epi_, upon, and _graphein_, to write), originally meant an inscription on a monument, hence it came to signify any pointed expression.
How to Speak and Write Correctly
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It is formed from two Greek words, «bios,» meaning life, and «graphein,» meaning to write: life-writing.
American Men of Action
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As the verb graphein was thus employed to denote passages of the sacred writings, so the corresponding noun he graphe gradually came to signify what is pre-eminently the writing, or the inspired writing.
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 13: Revelation-Stock
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«On Ancient Medicine» should be noted in this connection: ‘Okosoi epecheiresan peri ietrikes legein he graphein, K.T. L. (Plummer, 4).
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 9: Laprade-Mass Liturgy
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It is formed from two Greek words, “bios,” meaning life, and “graphein,” meaning to write: life-writing.
American Men of Action
Presentation on theme: «-graph- (graphein) means Written or writing Greek origins»— Presentation transcript:
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-graph- (graphein) means Written or writing Greek origins
WORD STUDY #2 WORD PART OF THE WEEK -graph- (graphein) means Written or writing Greek origins
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1. biography (noun) biography – the story of someone’s life written by someone else bio- = life -y = added to make a noun
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2. cacography (noun) cacography – bad handwriting or spelling
Caco-/kakos = bad -y = added to make a noun
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3. graphite (noun) graphite – a mineral used in pencil leads -ite = rock or mineral
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4. demography (noun) demography – the study of human populations Demo/demos – people -y = added to make a noun 79% high school graduates 25 men 36 women
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5. autograph (noun) autograph – a person’s own handwriting auto- = self
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Word Study #2 -graph- (graphein)= written (Greek)
biography — the story of someone’s life written by someone else prefix: bio- = life suffix: -y = added to make a word a noun cacography – bad handwriting and spelling prefix: (kakos) caco- = bad suffix: -y = added to make a word a noun graphite – a mineral used in pencil leads suffix: -ite = rock or mineral demography – the study of human populations prefix: (demos) demo-= people suffix: -y = added to make a word a noun autograph – a person’s own handwriting prefix: auto- = self