Give as many word combinations as you can with the given words - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Ex. 24. Give as many word combinations as you can with the given words:

power осуществлять, быть облеченным, исполнительная,

законодательная, судебная, отрасли, экономическая и т.д.

to elect на срок, президента, губернатора, сенатора,

представителя, депутата и т.д.

to appoint государственного секретаря, посла, представителя суда,

помощников судьи, прокурора, судью и т.д.

to try уголовное дело, гражданское дело и т.д.

Ex. 25. Confirm or deny the statements using the following phrases:

I don’t agree with you…

I am afraid you are wrong…

Excuse me but…

On the contrary…

Not only…; not quite so…

Quite so …

Right you are …

I quite agree with you here …

1. The government of the USA is composed of three branches.

2. The executive power in the United States is vested in the Congress.

3. The US President must be 40 years old.

4. The President of the USA carries out the programs of the Government.

5. The President of the USA appoints secretaries of the Government.

6. The Congress of the United States heads the legislative power.

7. The Congress of the United States is the highest executive and the President is the highest legislative power in the USA.

8. In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must be signed by the President.

9. The Supreme Court is the head of the judicial branch of power in America.

10. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the USA and a number of the Associate Justices.

11. There are 11 judicial circuits in the United States.

12. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by district courts in the USA.

13. Each state in theUSA has a constitution similar to the Constitution of the entire nation.

Ex. 26. Read the sentences completing them according to the text:

1. By the Constitution of 1787 (and the amendments to it) the government of the USA is composed of….

2. The executive power in the USA is vested in the President of the USA who….

3. The President of the United States is to carry out…, to appoint…, to recommend….

4…. must be a native-born citizen, resident in the country for…, and at least… years old.

5. The legislative power in the USA belongs to… consisting of….

6. The number of representatives from each state to the House of Representatives depends on….

7. The Senate is composed of… elected for a term of 6 years, one third being elected every two years.

8. In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must….

9. The highest judicial organ in the United States is… consisting of the Chief Justice of the USA and a number of Associate Justices.

10. The lowest courts in the Federal court system are… which try most of the criminal and civil cases.

11. The head of each state is….

Ex. 27. Answer the following questions:

1. What branches is the government of the USA composed of?

2. Whom does the highest executive power in the United States belong to?

3. What kind of person must the President of the USA be?

4. What are some of the functions of the President?

5. Who is the legislative power vested in?

6. How many chambers does the Congress consist of?

7. How many members are there in the Senate? In the House of Representatives?

8. What must all bills and resolutions pass in order to become a law?

9. What is the head of the judicial branch of power in the United States?

10. Who does the Supreme Court of the United States consist of?

11. Where are most of the criminal and civil cases tried?

12. What kind of government does each state in the USA have?

Ex. 28. You’ve studied the text in details. Transfer the most important information to your chart, showing the main components of the system of government in the USA today.

Источник

Exercise B

Success: successful, unsuccessful.

Change: changeable, unchangeable.

Protect: protection, protectable, unprotectable.

Depend: dependent, independent, dependence.

Nation: national.

Exercise C

1. A Scottish person has to listen CAREFULLY to understand a Londoner.

2. Every part of the country has its NATIONAL emblem.

3. Lowlands comprise SOUTHERN and eastern England.

4. The UK is one of the most [тут этого слова не хватает] important COMMERCIAL centres of the world.

5. The UK doesn’t depend upon economies and INDUSTRIAL manufacturing of other countries.

Источник

1.
Which
doctor do you choose?

if
you are sad and depressed
if
you are pregnant
if
you are tired and feel sick
if
you ache all over
if
you break your leg
if
you can’t see very well
if
you have a sick baby
if
you have a heart condition
if
you have a foot problem
if
you have a skin problem
if
you have food poisoning
if
you have a burn
if
you have a pain in the back
if
you have painful joints
if
you have a cavity in your tooth
if
you need an operation
if
you need an X-ray
if
you need a blood test
if
you sneeze a lot every spring and fall
if
your eyes itch

2.
Look
through the list of health problems in the Vocabulary. Which problems
are serious and which are usually not serious? Explain the reason for
your answer.

3.
Choose
the right word and fill in the blanks.

a)
disease
/ illness / condition

Small
pox is an infectious (catching) _______ marked by fever and small
red spots on the body. It often leaves permanent marks.
The
doctor diagnosed the _______ as tuberculosis.
The
business of doctors is to prevent and cure _______ .
There
hasn’t been much ________
in
the village this winter.
Measles,
mumps and influenza are common ______ .
An
infectious _______ can be spread by means of bacteria carried
in the atmosphere in winter.
After
the treatment I felt quite cured of all my _______ .
Children’s
_______ are treated by a pediatrician, specializing in pediatrics.
Smoking
is a major course of heart _____.
The
most common symptoms of the ______ are a high temperature and
pain in the chest.
She
died yesterday after a long _____.
Travelers
to Africa are advised to get vaccinated against infectious _____
such as typhoid and malaria.
People
with your _____ should not smoke.
You
are allowed time off work only in cases of serious _______.
Several
children are away from school because of ________.
Should
doctors always tell patients that they have terminal _________
such
as cancer?
She
suffers from a rare ______ of the central nervous system.
Childhood
____ such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.
As
yet there’s no known cure for this _______.
After
a course of treatment the patient’s ________
began to improve.

b)
ache
/ pain / to ache / to hurt / to pain

We’ve
given him an anaesthetic so that he won’t feel any _______.
These
pills should help to ease the ______.
My hand suddenly started to
_________, with a dull ___________ which soon spread into my wrist.
Don’t
worry, the injection won’t _______
at
all.
Can’t
we stop for a while? We’ve been walking for hours and my feet are
______.
I
____ all over after climbing the rock.

c)
to
cure / to treat / to heal

After
scarlet fever complications developed, and they had to be ______ for
a month before the patient was completely ______.
The
open air life on the farm _______ him of his headaches.
The
doctor said that if I followed his instructions, I should soon be
__________
of
the disease.
Pam’s
foot is ______
quickly,
but it’s still a little painful and she can’t walk on it.
Doctors
began _______
AIDS
patients with drug AZT in the mid 80s.
My
Dad is in the hospital where he is being ______ for a heart
condition.
Many
cancer patients can be _____ if the disease is detected early
enough.
The
seawater is now so polluted that it would infect rather than
There are many diseases which
doctors still cannot ____.
This
drug is used to ______ heart disease.

4.
Choose
the words from the list that can go with the following:

sickness
pain
measures
medicine
disease
words
condition
throat
ailment
operation
health

curable
slight
mild
serious
bad
communicable
painful
dangerous
dull
growing
constant
annoying
sudden
delicate
urgent
sore
bitter

5.
Give
as many word combinations as you can with the verbs and the nouns
from the columns.

e.g.
to
treat – a person / a serious sickness / a minor sickness / symptoms
/ a pain / an infection.

to
cure

to
treat

to
ease

to
relieve

to
avoid

to
catch

to
get

to
have

to
prepare

an
infection

a
prescription

AIDS

a
cold

operation

allergies

a
person

a
serious sickness

a
minor sickness

symptoms

a
pain

a
blood test

6.
Translate
the following sentences from English into Russian. Pay attention to
the words in bold type.

You
can avoid
getting
fat if you don’t eat too much and you exercise often.
If
you catch
a cold on
Monday, you will still have the cold on Tuesday.
The
sickness spread throughout
the town. Many people became sick.
You
may get the virus
if
you are with people who already have it.
Children
are exposed
to
more cold viruses in a classroom than they are at home.
If
one child at school has the
sickness, it
can infect
many
other children. Then, they too will have to go to the doctor.
Take
some aspirin. It will help ease
the
pain.
A
sore throat and
a running nose are
symptoms of
a cold.
When
you get
over a
cold, you feel fine.
There
is no cure
for the disease yet,
but scientists are looking for one.
However,
a
doctor can
give you something to help you feel
a little better.

I’ve
got
a bit of an ache in
my back.
Take
no notice of him complaining – he’s always full of
little aches and pains.
Chocolate
gives me a
toothache.
She
often gets
stomach aches.
Is
that tight shoe hurting
your
foot?
Dave
put on his sunglasses to stop the sun from hurting
his
eyes.
This
won’t
hurt. Just
sit still and I’ll remove the
dressing.
Your
knee is inflamed, Susan. Is it painful
when
I touch it?
It
was agony having my
tooth removed –
the dentist definitely didn’t give
me enough
anaesthetic.
Because
of
the blisters on
her hands, Ann found simple manual
tasks
very painful.

Professor
Grum is one of the world’s leading specialists
in lung cancer.
A
famous brain
surgeon came
up from Boston and operated
on him for
three hours.
If
you are aged over so and are in
good health, it’s
safe to
take the medicine prescribed.
It
may take him a while to
recover from the operation.
He’s
been told that unless he stops drinking, soon he will die
of a liver disease.
After
three operations
on
my leg, I could walk perfectly again.
Several
years ago she was
diagnosed as
having diabetes.
An
ambulance rushed
her to
the hospital.
He
said he felt
feverish and
complained of
pains in his chest.
The
best medicine
for
you right now would be a good holiday.

7.
Write
the opposites of the words in italics. There can be more than one
correct answer.

a
curable
disease:
___________
a
painful
operation:
___________
a
terrible
pain
in the left side: ___________
a
slight
headache:
___________
a
breathless
body:
___________
a
slight
cold:
___________
a
terrible
headache:
___________
a
serious
illness:
___________
an
awful
cold:
___________
a
mild
pain:
___________

8.
Match
each idiom in column A and a similar expression in column B.

1.
to throw up

2.
to have a throat culture

3.
to be run down

4.
to have the runs

5.
to take care of oneself

6.
to make an appointment

a)
to grow the bacteria from someone’s throat

b)
to have diarrhea

c)
to eat a good diet, get enough rest and exercise

d)
to schedule a time

e)
to vomit

f)
to be in poor health

9.
Complete the following
table.

noun

_______________

treatment

_______________

cure

_______________

adjective

infectious

burned

prepared

shivery

_______________

swollen

_______________

verb

_______________

to
expose

to
faint

to
spread

10.
Number the following events in the order in which they usually
happen.

a)
You are cured of sickness. ___

b)
You ease the pain caused by a sickness. ___

c)
You get a sickness. _1_

d)
You get over a sickness. ___

e)
You have a sickness. ___

f)
You treat a sickness. ___

11.
Match
the words in column A with the explanations in column B.

1.
cavity

2.
operating room

3.
hospice

4.
sick-leave

5.
surgery

6.
physician

7.
ward

8.
shot

9.
patient

10.
druggist

a)
a special hospital where people who are dying are looked after

b)
a permission to be absent from work

c)
someone who is sick and is looked after by doctors

d)
an American word meaning a doctor

e)
the place where a surgeon works

f)
a drug put into someone’s body with a needle for medical reason

g)
a person who prepares medicines

h)
where you visit a doctor

i)
a large room in a hospital where patients with similar medical
conditions have their beds

j)
an empty space in a tooth that needs filling

12.
Fill
in the blanks with a suitable word from the box.

state

health

guilt

outlet

benefit

optimistic

promote

anxious

relationship

dominate

A study of family ______
conducted in California comes to some interesting conclusions.
For
a family to remain healthy the _____ between a husband and wife
plays a major role.
What
_____ the health of the husband doesn’t necessarily promote the
health of the wife.
Giving
an _____ to feelings is healthy.
There
may be _____ for one party but not for the other.
If
the wife gives her husband a feeling of _____, he is likely to
become depressed.
If
the wife lets her husband ______ on the argument, her mental state
will suffer.
When
men dominate in the domestic arguments, their wives become _____ and
depressed.
A
person’s mental _____ is closely linked to his physical state.
A
healthy family is _____, church-going and led by a male.

13.
In
this text there are some unnecessary words which do not fit the sense
of the text. Find these words in the numbered sentences and cross
them out.

Get
the Smile You Have Always Wanted

If
you are not happy with your smile, why not change it? According to a
recent survey on almost half of American adults would like to improve
of the appearance of their teeth and now, because of an amazing
advances in dental science, they can. (1)
New
techniques were developed in only the last ten years, can do wonders
for problem teeth, whether they are yellow, broken, gapped, missing
or crooked or even if they are too little short, or full of obvious
black fillings. (2)
Today,
cosmetic treatment is being the fastest-growing area in dentistry.
(3)
Unlike
with a generation ago, people are keeping their teeth as they grow
older and, no matter of their age, they are determined to stay fit,
healthy and attractive. (4)
Having
good-looking teeth and an appealing smile is a big part of it.
If your teeth don’t please to you, talk to your dentist about
improving the way they did look. (5)
Costs
for these procedures are vary widely – from as low as several
hundred to several thousand dollars – depending on from the
condition of the teeth, how complicated and extensive the individual
procedure is and other variables either. (6)
Time
was when only kids wore braces. But in today it is not unusual for
adults to turn to orthodontia to have their teeth repositioned or
straightened. (7)
Options,
especially very suited to people who are reluctant to walk around
with a mouthful of metal, include «invisible» braces with
brackets are made from clear acrylic, «removable» braces
for repositioning of only one or two teeth, and «lingual»
braces that are worn on the inside of the teeth. (8)
Tooth-colored
veneers or blonding can also to be used to raconteur crooked or
crowded teeth. (9)

14.
There
are British and American terms on Health and Medical Care. Point out
the American equivalents of the following Russian words and word
combinations.

1.
аптекарь

2.
аптека

3.
укол

4.
болезнь

5.
доктор

6.
быть больным

7.
заболеть

8.
психиатрическая больница

9.
ощущать боль в спине (в желудке)

10.
заказать лекарство

1)
pharmacist

2)
chemist

1)
chemist’s

2)
pharmacy

1)
injection

2)
shot

1)
sickness

2)
illness

1)
general practitioner

2)
physician

1)
to be ill

2)
to be sick

1)
to get sick

2)
to fall ill

1)
psychiatristic hospital

2)
mental hospital

1)
to have a backache (a stomachache)

2)
to have backache (stomachache)

1)
to have the prescription prepared

2)
to have a prescription made up

15.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs if necessary.

Who
cured him ____ the disease?
I’ve
been suffering ____ bad headaches lately.
Looks
like he’ll have to be operated ___ ___ appendicitis.
I
met Bill ____ the pharmacy.
We
took him _____ an emergency clinic that we knew wouldn’t be very
expensive.
Dental
care is very much similar _____ regular health care.
In
the US what a person does when he gets sick depends _____ , whether
he gets insurance.
If
you provide care _____ an alzheimer’s patient you can never
relax.
Could
your parents benefit _____ a healthier diet or eating habits?
The
boy was shivering ___ cold.
There
is nothing really the matter ___ me, I just feel __ __ sorts.
After
Barbara had had some shots _____tonic, she felt quite cured ___all
her ailments.
If
you have lost or severely broken a tooth or two, you can have them
replaced _____ crowns and bridges.
Cancer
is hard to detect ____ its early stage.
He
was treated _____ scarlet fever.
Assisted
living is a special combination _____ housing and personalized care
designed _____ respond _____ the needs _____ those who need help
____ activities of daily reading.
Could
they use assistance _____ taking their medications _____ the proper
amounts and ____ the proper times.
What
are you complaining __?
Peter
cut himself badly ____ the throat while shaving.
Ann
needs a holiday. She has been ____ a lot of stress lately.

16.
Translate
into English.

Врач
сделал все возможное, чтобы спасти
пациента.
Кто
вылечил вас от этой болезни?
Я
записался на прием к доктору Смиту на
два часа предварительно.
Пожалуйста,
закажите по рецепту лекарство.
Доктор
выписал мне рецепт, не осматривая меня.
Это
был трудный случай, и доктор сомневался,
что больной поправится.
Мы
почувствовали облегчение, услышав, что
больной вне опасности.
Эта
болезнь неизлечима. Но если вы будете
постоянно советоваться с врачом и
следовать его советам, вы сможете долго
и плодотворно работать.
Она
выглядела так, будто вот-вот упадет в
обморок.
У
тебя жар. Тебе бы лучше измерить
температуру и принять таблетку
аспирина.
У
меня все болит, мне больно глотать, у
меня, наверное, грипп.
Принимайте
это тонизирующее средство три раза в
день по столовой ложке.
Он
жалуется, что у него болит позвоночник.
Пора бы ему обратиться к врачу.
У
нее опухла щека и ужасно болит зуб.
Больного
положили в больницу, так как за ним
некому было ухаживать.
Если
бы я сомневался, что доктор Мэнсон
сможет вылечить меня, я бы к нему
никогда не обратился. После эффективного
лечения я чувствую себя отлично.
Его
лечат уже несколько лет.
Избегайте
простуд! Для вас они опасны серьезными
осложнениями.
Вы
ходите в поликлинику или вызываете
врача на дом?
Его
прооперировали по поводу аппендицита,
его скоро выпишут из больницы.

17.
Translate
into English. Use the expressions:

1.
болезнь кишечника

2.
«Я ни о чем не жалею» из песни Эдит
Пиаф

3.
после шести месяцев ухудшения здоровья

4.
самоотверженное искусство врачей

bowel
disease

Edith
Piaf’s sentiment Je
ne regrette rien

after
six months of deteriorating health

the
dedicated skill of the doctors

БЕЛ
МУНИ: Я
НЕ СОБИРАЮСЬ СТАРЕТЬ

Год
назад приятельница спросила меня, на
сколько лет я себя ощущаю. «На
тридцать», – не колеблясь ответила я.
Во мне жила вечно молодая, игривая
бунтарка. Потом, в один суматошный день,
я поймала свое отражение в зеркале в
магазине. «Что это за старая карга
вырядилась в мое платье?» – с ужасом
подумала я.

Стареть
никогда не входило в мои планы. Мое
поколение, продукт послевоенного
всплеска рождаемости, было последним,
которое в детстве не одуревало от
телевизора и помнит, как полки в
библиотеках ломились от книг, а не
видеокассет. Как-то приятельница сказала
мне: «Мы наслаждались жизнью. Мы задавали
вопросы и находили ответы. Мы на самом
деле правили миром».

Из
детей мы превратились в тинейджеров в
начале 60-х, как раз вовремя, чтобы пережить
революцию стиля, политики и поведения.
Я поехала на концерт «Ролинг Стоунз»
автостопом.

Но
в 1968, едва мне стукнуло 21, я вышла замуж
за Джонатана и в 27 родила своего первенца,
Дэниэла. Моя дочь Китти родилась с
редкой болезнью кишечника, что
повлекло за собой 16 лет лечения и
операций. Были у нас и другие семейные
проблемы. 50-й год своей жизни я встретила,
изворачиваясь особенно яростно и с
мыслью: Все
идет не так, как мне хотелось.

Когда
мне было 30 лет, я восторгалась фразой
«Я ни о чем не жалею» из песни Эдит
Пиаф и воображала, что в более зрелом
возрасте буду выкрикивать ее миру.
Теперь я о многом жалею. Но признаться,
что у тебя нет ответов, – первый шаг к
тому, чтобы задуматься: а те ли вопросы
ты задавала?

28
августа прошлого года, после шести
месяцев ухудшения здоровья, Китти
перенесла восьмичасовую операцию.
Долгие недели до операции я словно
плутала во тьме, уверенная, что она не
выживет. Ранним утром 29 августа в
отделении интенсивной терапии она
открыла глаза, протянула ко мне исколотую
руку и сказала: «Мамочка, я не умерла
– и я поправлюсь».

Я
смогла лишь выговорить «Да», но подумала:
пусть на понимание того, что ничто больше
не имеет значения, у меня ушло 50 лет, я
безмерно рада, что наконец прозрела.

Там,
в больнице, мне довелось наблюдать
беззаветную любовь родителей всех
возрастов, цветов кожи и социальных
слоев, участливое понимание и компетентность
медсестер, самоотверженное искусство
врачей. Разве можно не восхищаться
миром, в котором живут такие люди? Я
получила ответ еще на один вопрос. Мысли
и поступки людей ничто, если они не
пропитаны любовью.

Солнечные
лучи заполняют кухню, мне исполняется
50, и я поднимаю бокал за то, что что-то
изменилось, а что-то осталось неизменным.

За
семью и друзей, без которых я не смогла
бы жить. За мужа, с которым мы почти
29 лет вместе и чьи шуточки я люблю. За
то, что наш сын помолвлен с девушкой,
прекрасной во всех отношениях, и я могу
наконец признать, что больше всего на
свете хочу стать бабушкой. За тот день,
когда Китти наконец покинет больницу
навсегда. Ничто
больше не имеет значения.

Не
то чтобы мне больше не хочется на праздник
– просто теперь он у меня дома. Снова
30? Нет, я не хочу мои 30 лет теперь, когда
огонь горит у меня внутри.

Dialogs

Read
the dialogs. Practice them.

A.
I have a sore throat.

B.
How bad is it?

A.
Pretty bad. It’s a burning feeling.

B.
How long have you felt this way?

A.
For a few days. I’ve been sick since Monday morning.

A.
I’ve got a stomachache.

B.
Is it a sharp pain or a dull ache?

A.
It’s more like a dull ache.

B.
When did you first notice this pain?

A.
It didn’t bother me until Sunday afternoon.

A.
There are so many vitamins. Which one should I take?

B.
Take these Daily Multiple Vitamins. They got everything you need.

A.
What about these Super Vitamins?

B.
I don’t think you need those. They are just a waste of money.

A.
Hello?

B.
Carmen? Is that you? Are you OK?

A.
Uh-uh, I caught a terrible cold.

B.
You too? Well, I have news for you. We’re in the same boat. Ahchoo!

A.
Bless you.

B.
Thanks.

A.
Why don’t you come over and keep me company? I haven’t talked to
anyone all day long.

B.
I’d like to, but I can’t stop sneezing. Ahchoo! And I have a sore
throat. I just want to go to bed.

A.
I know what you mean. Do you have a fever?

B.
I don’t know for sure but I think so. I was going to take my
temperature, but I dropped the thermometer and it broke.

A.:
It sounds like you should just… ahchoo! Excuse me. You should just
take two aspirins and go to bed. Chances are you’ll feel better in
the morning.

В.:
I hope so. And I hope you’ll get over your cold soon. Are you going
to school tomorrow?

A.:
I don’t think so. I’m in really bad shape. I may have to be absent
for a few more days.

В.:
Listen to us! We feel sorry for ourselves today, don’t we?

A.
Dr. Norman’s office.

B.
Hi, this is Bob Franklin. I’m a patient of Dr. Norman.

A.
Oh, yes, Mr. Franklin.

B.
I’m calling to make an appointment with the doctor. It’s not an
emergency. I just need a recent physical in order to get enrolled in
a new insurance plan at school.

A.
I see. Well, the doctor has several openings on June third.

B.
Hmnn. Anything sooner than that? I have to turn in the application
on the first.

A.
Yes. He has May twenty-ninth at two o’clock or May thirtieth at
four-thirty.

В.
Oh, good. I’ll take the twenty-ninth at two o’clock.

A.
All right. I have you down. Since it’s for a physical, you will need
to come in a week before the appointment to get a blood work-up.

В.
Oh.

A.
You can do that without an appointment. Just come into the office
before May twenty-second, and the nurse will take care of you. That
way, the doctor will have the results of the tests when he sees you.

В.
Okay.

A.
I hate to go to the doctor.

В.
Yeah, but you’re running a high fever. It’s 103° F.

A.
I know. But if I go she’s going to take blood and ask me to give her
a specimen. Then she’ll tell me to take two aspirins and call her in
the morning. And it will probably cost me 50 bucks.

В.
Well, I’m going to make an appointment anyway. You need a throat
culture.

A.
You’re probably right. My throat really hurts. I’ve had the runs for
two days, and I threw up twice this morning. Go ahead.

В.
You know, Don, you really have let yourself get run down. You should
take better care of yourself.

A.
What seems to be the problem?

B.
I feel lousy. I’ve got a fever, and I break out in a cold sweat three
or four times a day. I can’t keep food down either.

A.
I see. Have you passed out?

B.
No. Sometimes I feel like I am going to faint, but I don’t.

A.
Take a deep breath and hold it. I see from your chart that your a
blood pressure is 170 over 90. That’s a bit high.

B.
I take good care of myself. I watch my diet, and I exercise
regularly.

A.
How long has this illness been going on?

B.
Two or three days.

A.
Any trouble moving your bowels?

B.
No. In fact, I have the runs.

A.
Well, diarrhea and fever; as well as a sore throat lead me to
conclude that you have a bad case of the flu. It will take another
three or four days to run its course. Fill this prescription; it will
control the diarrhea and help you to feel better. You should be in
the pink in three or four days.

A.
Here’s a prescription for your allergy. This antihistamine will help
your sneezing and itching eyes.

B.
How often should I take it?

A.
Take one tablet every four hours. The directions will be on the
label.

B.
I’m still taking the other medicine you gave me. Is it safe keep
taking it with this new medicine?

A.
Yes, it’s safe.

B.
Thank you, doctor. I’ll go to the drugstore as soon as possible.

A.
What do you recommend for an upset stomach?

B.
There are a number of antacids you could use.

A.
Which one is the best?

B.
I can’t really say which is the best but Malena has worked well for
me.

A.
Malena? Where do you keep it?

B.
On the bottom shelf in front of the cash register.

Conversation
Practice

1.
Practice
the dialogs using the given substitutes.

A.
I am calling to make an appointment with the doctor. Could the doctor
see
me before 10:00 tomorrow?(1)

B.
I’m afraid not. The doctor won’t
have any openings until Friday. (2)

A.
Could I possibly make it early
on Friday? (3)

B.
Yes,
he is free at 10:00 a.m. on Friday. (4)

fit
me in tomorrow before noon

see
me early on Monday

be
able to see me at 4:45 today

won’t
have any openings until noon, unless there’s a cancellation

doesn’t
have any openings until Wednesday

won’t
be available until tomorrow

at
12:30 tomorrow

early
on Wednesday

before
lunch

tomorrow

just
a second, let me check

sorry,
but he is busy then too

yes,
the doctor will have an opening at 10:30

A.
Can you recommend something for a
stuffy nose? (1)

B.
AFRO
nasal spray (2)
is
pretty good.

a
persistent cough

itchy
skin

upset
stomach

earache

Mickaid
sugar drops

Moleskin
ointment

Movlux
mixture

Lancar
eardrops

A.
What seems to be the problem?

B.
I
feel lousy. (1)
I’ve
got
a fever and I can’t stop sneezing. (2)

A.
How long have
you felt this way? (3)

B.
About 2 days.

be
in bad shape

feel
sick

feel
awful

feel
out of sorts

a
sore throat and my chest hurts

red
itchy spots on my chest

the
chills and a real bad cough

a
temperature and a sharp pain in my left side

have
you had it

have
you got that rash

have
you been like this

have
you been in pain

A.
Here’s a prescription for your
allergy. (1)
This
antihistamine
(2)
will
help your
sneezing and itching eyes. (3)

B.
How often should I take it?

A.
Take
one tablet every four hours. (4)
The
directions will be on the label.

your
tonsillitis

your
backache

your
cold

mixture

cream

antibiotic

your
sore throat

your
pulled muscles and bruises

your
running nose and bring down the fever

take
a tablespoonful four times a day

rub
it in twice a day

take
one tablet three times a day

2.
Complete
the following dialogs.

A.
I hate to go to the dentist.

B.
____________________

A.
I know. But if I go he’ll give me a shot, start cleaning the cavities
and filling the tooth and he’ll probably say I need to have my tooth
extracted. It’ll hurt.

B.
____________________

A.
What’s the matter with you, Mr. Walker?

B.
____________________

A.
Have you vomited?

B.
____________________

A.
You seem to be generally run-down. You’d better stay in bed for some
days. Keep to a diet of vegetables and fruit. Get this prescription
filled and take a tablet three times a day.

B.
____________________

A.
____________________

B.
I’d like to make an appointment with the doctor.

A.
____________________

B.
My name is John Robinson.

A.
____________________

B.
Well, I work during the day. Does the doctor have some openings in
the evening?

A.
____________________

B.
Two weeks? I can’t wait that long.

A.
____________________

B.
Thank you. That sounds fine.

A.
____________________

B.
I fell off my bike. I can’t move my leg very well.

A.
____________________

B.
Yes, it really hurts.

A.
____________________

B.
No. The pain is very sharp.

A.
____________________

3.
Read
the dialogs below and say which patient has which problem.

headaches

bronchitis

appendicitis

a
pulled muscle

back
trouble

tonsillitis

hay
fever

D.:
Where does it hurt?

P.:
Just here, doctor.

D.:
Mm. And is that all the time?

P.:
No. Only when I walk, or when I’m going downstairs. Sometimes when I
carry things.

D.:
When you carry things. Big things?

P.:
Yes.

D.:
I see. Now I want you to stand up…

D.:
How often do you get them?

P.:
Oh, three or four times a week.

D.:
Three or four times a week. I see. Are they very bad?

P.:
Oh, yes. They stop me driving. Sometimes I can hardly see, you know.

D.:
Yes. Do you often get cold?

P.:
It’s a really bad cough. It’s really bad.

D.:
Does it hurt when you talk?

P.:
If I talk a lot, yes.

D.:
I see. Well, I’ll just have a look at your chest. Do you drink?

P.:
It’s a really bad pain, doctor. Right here.

D.:
Which side?

P.:
Left side.

D.:
How long has this been going on? When did it start?

P.:
This morning, doctor. I thought perhaps it was indigestion, but it’s
too bad for that.

D.:
I see. Now just lie down here. That’s right. Now where exactly does
it hurt? Is it here?

P.:
Ooh! Yes!

D.:
Good morning, Mr. Palmer. What’s the problem?

P.:
Well, I’ve got a sore throat, actually.

D.:
I see. How long have you had it?

P.:
Oh, about two days. It’s really very painful. It’s difficult to
swallow.

P.:
It’s every spring about the same time, doctor. Stuffed-up nose, my
eyes itch, and I feel sort of sneezing the whole time.

D.:
Does it happen when you’re inside or outside?

P.:
When I’m in the street.

P.:
I get this pain when I bend my knee, doctor. Just here.

D.:
I see. Take your trousers off.

4.
Role-play
the following situations.

You
have a bad cold. Your friend and you are discussing your sickness
and what you should do about it.
You
are an exchange student in the US. One day you get sick and have to
go to the doctor. Ask one of the family where you are staying how it
can be arranged.
You
are calling the doctor’s office to make an appointment with him or
her.
You
are at the doctor’s office. The doctor listens to your complaints,
examines you, and recommends the medicines that should be taken.
You
have an appointment with a dentist. He examines your teeth and finds
two bad teeth: one is too far-gone and needs to be taken out, the
other can be filled.
You
are an exchange student in Great Britain. Ask your advisor / friend
how you can make use of the British National Health Service.
You’re
an American exchange student at a Russian University. You’ve got a
cold. You have had a bad cough for two weeks. The Russian doctor
says you may have pneumonia and insists on your going to hospital.
You refuse saying that the conditions in Russian hospitals are bad.

Communicative
Activities

1.
Name
the symptoms of a cold, flu, an allergy. How are they the same? How
are they different?

2.
How
much do you know about colds? Circle T if statement is true, circle F
if the statement is false.

To
avoid colds, stay inside as much as possible during cold weather. T
/ F
When
you sneeze, cover your nose and mouth with your hand. T
/ F
Chicken
soup helps you feel better when you have a cold. T
/ F
It’s
better to sneeze into a tissue and then throw the tissue away. T
/ F
Cold
weather causes colds. T
/ F

3.
Do
you know how to deal with common ailments and injuries? Read the
following suggestions and say whether you find them helpful. Why or
why not?

«You
have a sharp pain in your abdomen, don’t you? Put a heating pad on
the painful area.»
«Are
you worried about your insomnia? Well, have a cup of hot milk before
going to bed. And don’t watch TV too long in the evening.»
«Oh,
poor thing! Burnt your finger? Let me put some olive oil on the
burn. It’ll ease the pain.»
«Your
cold will go away if you take some aspirin.»
«You’ll
stop sneezing and coughing if you take a warm bath.»
«Your
sore throat will feel better if you have a lot of hot tea.»

4.
Complete
the following sentences. When you have finished, compare them with
other students’ answers.

In
my country, one of the ways people avoid catching colds is to
_________________
In
my country, people think the best way to get over a cold is to
_________________
The
last time I caught a cold was _________________
The
AIDS virus is not spread by _________________
Children
should not be exposed to _________________
To
ease the pain caused by a backache, I _________________
A
dog can infect you if _________________
You
can get food poisoning from eating undercooked chicken. One of the
symptoms of food poisoning is _________________
I
hope that one day there will be a cure for _________________

5.
Think what home remedies are used in Russia for different health
problems. What do people do for … a fever / a cough / diarrhea /
burns / a toothache / a back pain / a cold / a sore throat

6.
How often do people in Russia have a dental checkup? How about you?
Have you ever had a toothache? Have you ever had a tooth filled /
extracted / x-rayed? Did you ever wear braces? Do you remember your
latest visit to the dentist? Share your experience with your fellow
students.

7.
Imagine you have to inform American exchange students about Russian
National Health Service. Come out with a short presentation to cover
the following issues.

What does an insurance policy in
Russia cover (doctor services, laboratory work, room and board in
the hospital, etc.)?
Where
do people get / buy their insurance policies?
How
much should one pay for the insurance policy?
How
can one pick up a doctor? Is it easy to make an appointment with a
doctor?
Do
doctors make house calls?
Is
ambulance service free?

8.
Read
the labels.

a)
Talk
to the person who has a headache. Suggest that he take this medicine.

MAGIC
ASPIRIN

ADULT DOSE:	1 or 2 tablets with water every 4 hours, as necessary, up to 12 tablets a day.
CHILD DOSE:	half the adult dosage. For children under 2 years of age, consult your physician.
WARNING:	Keep this and all medicines out of children’s reach. In case of accidental overdose, contact a physician at once.
EXP DATE 8 / 00

A.
I have a headache. What should I take for it?

B.
________________________

A.
How much should I take?

B.
________________________

A.
How often can I take them?

B.
________________________

A.
Sounds OK. What should I be careful of?

B.
________________________

A.
Is the aspirin still good?

B.
________________________

A.
Thanks for the advice.

b)
Your
friend has a burned finger. Suggest using this medicine. Tell how to
use it. Tell him about any warnings.

DREAM
CREAM

For
temporary relief of minor skin irritations, itching and rashes due to
minor burns, insect bites, poison ivy, soaps.

DIRECTIONS:

For
adults and children 2 years of age and older – apply to affected
area not more than 3 –4 times daily.

WARNING:

For
external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. If condition worsens
or if symptoms persist for more than 7 days, discontinue use of
this product and call physician.

Keep
this and all drugs out of the reach of children.

c)
Answer
the following questions. Underline the correct answer.

e.g.
Which
medicine might help a headache?

Magic
Aspirin
Dream
Cream
Nasal
Spray

1.
What is the largest amount of Magic Aspirin an adult should take in a
day?

2
tablets
4
tablets
12
tablets

2.
What is the largest amount of Magic Aspirin a child should take in a
day?

2
tablets
4
tablets
12
tablets

3.
Should you talk to your doctor before you give Magic Aspirin to a
baby?

4.
What is the last date that Magic Aspirin is effective?

December
12, 1995
August,
2003
not
given on label

5.
How many tablets of Magic Aspirin can an adult take in eight hours?

4
tablets
6
tablets
8
tablets

6.
Will Dream Cream help if you have a sore throat?

7.
Should you use Dream Cream on a baby who has diaper rash?

8.
Should you put Dream Cream on your lips?

9.
How many times a day can you use Dream Cream?

10.
Is it dangerous to swallow Dream Cream?

9.
Read
the stories from American newspapers dealing with AIDS issues.

The
number of US new AIDS cases unexpectedly more than doubled last year
under a broader definition of the disease and boosted by a sharp
increase in the number of infections among heterosexuals.

The
federal Centers for Disease Control had projected 1993 AIDS cases
would jump 75 percent in the first year of the new definition. It
actually increased by 111 percent, from 49,016 in 1992 to 103,500 in
1993, the agency reported Thursday.

Last
year, the CDC expanded its definition to include those infected with
HIV who also have a severely suppressed immune system, tuberculosis,
recurrent pneumonia or invasive cervical cancer.

Most
of the AIDS cases under the new definition were reported in the first
three months of the year. The surge had dropped off by the end of
1993, and the CDC expects the number of 1994 cases to drop below last
year’s figure.

The
groups most affected by the expanded definition were women, blacks,
heterosexual intravenous drug users and hemophiliacs.

The
increase was greater among women (151 percent) than among men (105
percent), and greater among blacks and Hispanics than whites.

The
largest increases reported were among teens and young adults, mostly
from heterosexual transmission.

The
slight benefits of taking AZT, the commonly used AIDS medicine, are
often canceled by the drug’s side effects, a study concludes.

The
report casts even more doubt on the routine use of this drug, which
is often given to people who are HIV-positive, but not yet sick.

Studies
last year showed that contrary to widespread belief, this use of AZT
does not help people live longer, even though it delays the start of
AIDS symptoms.

The
study concludes that Americans are getting infected with HIV at
younger ages.

Dr.
Philip Rosenberg and others from the National Cancer Institute
calculated that the average age of infection was 30 in the early
1980s. But this age dropped to 25 during the period from 1987 to
1991.

They
also estimated that 50,000 to 61,000 new AIDS infections are
occurring annually.

a)
Discuss the following questions.

Do
you know AIDS statistics in your country? Is AIDS a serious
problem in Russia?
Do
you believe that only high-risk groups are susceptible to the
disease? Or is it a growing threat to everyone?
Are
AIDS patient discriminated against in Russia? If so, in what ways?
How would you react if someone you knew were AIDS-infected? Would
you be afraid to continue to have contact with him / her?

b)
Role-play the following situations in small groups. You are
discussing how best to solve the situation with the spread of AIDS in
Russia.

You are a leading researcher
from the National Aids Center. You know the AIDS statistics and
insist that the government allocate more financial resources to
find cure for AIDS.
You
are a journalist. You believe that the spread of AIDS can be
prevented by a wide-range educational campaign in mass media and
high schools. Come up with some ideas.
You
are the public school principal. You consider AIDS a moral issue,
not a medical one. You think the government should take strict
measures to keep high-risk groups under control. It can help
protect teenagers from being infected with AIDS.
You
are a high school student. You think that the alarming AIDS data
are aimed at brainwashing the public. You don’t think you are
threatened with AIDS as you do not belong to any high-risk group.

10.
Read the article «Should I Add Fish to My Diet?» and say
what the abbreviation EFAs means.

Should
I Add Fish to My Diet?

DEAR DR. BLONZ: I keep reading
that I should be eating more fish. The problem is that I don’t like
the taste. Is there something unique to fish that I cannot get
elsewhere in my diet? Finally, what is an epidemiology study?

S.F.,
Arlington, III.

DEAR
S.F.: I will answer your second question first. Epidemiology is the
science that investigates the connection between specific events,
such as the occurrence of a disease, and a particular behavior
pattern, such as diet or exercise. Epidemiological research can
help suggest what’s going on, but it cannot really tell you
what’s causing what with any precision. Occasionally the conclusions
are on target: at other times, the findings are only coincidental.
One study found that inner-city children suffering from
iron-deficiency anemia were more likely to have lead poisoning. The
study showed that the two were connected, but it couldn’t say what
was causing what. Scientists then had to perform additional studies
to uncover the mechanism at work. In this case, it was eventually
discovered that low blood iron (anemia) causes the body to absorb
more lead. Inner-city kids often have a greater exposure to lead,
which is present in lead-based paints that may be peeling off the
walls.

Now
on to your fish question. Too bad that you don’t have a taste for
fish, because it has been found to be an asset in the fight against
heart disease. The connection between fish and heart disease has more
going for it than epidemiology. The first studies describing the low
incidence of heart disease in fish-eating populations appeared over
two decades ago. Since then, scientists have come a long way toward
unraveling the mechanism by which fish does its job. The evidence
keeps pointing to omega-3 oils in fish as the source of this unique
property.

Omega-3
oils are a type of polyunsaturated oil that is manufactured by plants
that grow in the sea and a few that grow on land. The fish that eat
these sea plants (as well as the fish that eat those fish) accumulate
these essential fatty acids, or EFAs, in their bodies. These are
mainly the varieties of fish found in cold water. Those fish
that contain a high level of omega-3 EFAs include mackerel, sardines,
salmon, tuna, herring, yellow-tail and trout.

There
are non-fish options, too, because on land, there’s a generous supply
of omega-3 oils in flaxseed (linseed) oil, and smaller amounts in
walnut, soybean, and canola oils, as well as wheat germ.

Studies
have shown how the omega-3s get inside our platelets, the fraction of
the blood that plays a key role in blood clotting. The omega-3s
actually compete with other fats for positioning. Fish-oil fats can
slow down the rate at which clots occur, which can be a definite plus
for those at risk for heart disease.

At
present there is a great deal of epidemiological evidence to support
the healthfulness of fish. In addition to this, we have some basic
research outlining cause and effect behind the epidemiology. As with
most research, the story continues to unfold. The most significant
benefit from fish may be for those who already show signs of, or are
at high risk to develop, heart disease. One study, which looked at
2,033 male survivors of heart attacks, found that a diet high in
omega-3 fats reduced overall mortality by 29 percent, and
mortality from heart disease by one-third.

In
the end, though, fish should not be thought of as a magic bullet
against heart disease. What fish represent is good food and a
convenient source of essential fats.

Источник