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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase four-letter word refers to a set of English-language words written with four letters which are considered profane, including common popular or slang terms for excretory functions, sexual activity and genitalia, blasphemies, terms relating to Hell or damnation when used outside of religious contexts, or slurs. The «four-letter» claim refers to the fact that many (but not all) English «swear words» are incidentally four-character monosyllables. The term was used in this sense as early as 1886 in the United States and Great Britain.[1]

History[edit]

Common four-letter words (in this sense) that are widely considered vulgar or offensive to a notable degree include: cunt, fuck (and regional variants such as feck, fick, fock and foak), jism (or gism), jizz, shit, slut, twat and tits. Piss (formerly an offensive swear word) in particular, however, may be used in non-excretory contexts (pissed off, i.e. «angry», in US English and British UK English; pissed, i.e. «drunk» in UK English) that are often not considered particularly offensive, and the word also occurs several times with its excretory meaning in the King James Bible. Several of these have been declared legally indecent under the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) TV and radio open-airwave broadcasting regulations.

A number of additional words of this length are upsetting to some, for religious or personal sensitivity reasons, such as: arse (UK), damn, crap, hell, piss, wang, and wank (UK). Racist, ableist, and slurs pertaining to an individual’s sexual orientation may also qualify, such as mong (in the UK not a racial slur,[citation needed] but short for Mongol, or someone with Down syndrome – previously called Mongolism), gook, kike, spic, coon, dago and dyke.

Several «four-letter words» have multiple meanings (some even serving as given names), and usually only offend when used in their vulgar senses, for example:
cock,
dick,
knob,
muff,
puss,
shag (UK) and
toss (UK).
A borderline category includes words that are euphemistic evasions of «stronger» words, as well as those that happen to be short and have both an expletive sound to some listeners as well as a sexual or excretory meaning (many also have other, non-vulgar meanings):
butt (US),
crud,
darn,
dump,
heck,
poop (US),
slag (UK, NZ, AUS),
slut and
turd, as several examples.
Finally, certain four-lettered terms with limited usage can be considered offensive by some, within the regional dialect in which they are used, such as
mong and
mary.

Occasionally the phrase «four-letter word» is humorously used to describe common words composed of four letters. Typical examples include the word work, implying that work can be unpleasant, or the game of golf, jokingly referred to as a four-letter word when a player’s pastime becomes an exercise in frustration. Charlotte Observer journalist Doug Robarchek noted in 1993 how many politicians have names with four letters, «Ever notice how many U.S. politicians have names that are also four-letter words? Ford, Dole, Duke, Bush, Gore … and how many make us think of four-letter words?»[2]

Similar euphemisms in other languages[edit]

  • Chinese: The term 三字經 (lit. Three Character Classic) is used to describe swearing, as many such phrases in Chinese consist of three characters.
  • Dutch: A similar tradition occurs with «three-letter words», e.g. kut («cunt»/»twat»), pik and lul («cock»/»dick»/»prick»).
  • Finnish: Rude words tend to be five-letter words, like the common swear word perse meaning «arse», or paska meaning «shit». Other offensive five-letter words refer to the genital region, eg. kulli and kyrpä («cock»/»dick»/»prick»), along with pillu and vittu («twat»/»cunt»).
  • French: the word merde («shit») is sometimes referred to as le mot de cinq lettres («the five-letter word»), or le mot de Cambronne. Also, profanities in French are usually called gros mots (coarse words).
  • German: the phrase Setz dich auf deine vier Buchstaben! («sit down on your four letters») is mainly used speaking to children, as it refers to the word Popo, meaning «rump» in baby talk. A variant, Setz dich auf deine fünf Buchstaben! («sit down on your five letters»), alludes to the vulgar use of the word Arsch, meaning «arse» (UK) or «ass» (US).
  • Latin: a common insult used to be Es vir trium litterarum, meaning «you are a man of three letters». The underlying implication was that the addressed was a fur, meaning «thief», although if challenged, the speaker could always claim he simply meant vir, that is, «man».
  • Polish: the word dupa («arse»/»ass») is called cztery litery («the four letters»). Historically, also kiep, which formerly used to be a taboo word meaning «female genitals», but presently is a mild or humorous insult meaning «a fool» or a modern slang term for a cigarette. There is also a phrase Siadaj na cztery litery (sit down on your four letter), meaning sit on your arse.
  • Russian: the word хуй («cock»/»dick»/»prick»), the most common obscenity, is called «the three-letter word» (russ.: «слово из трёх букв») or just «three letters» (russ.: «три буквы») and is one of the key words of the «Russian mat».

In popular culture[edit]

Generic references, not specifying the word:

  • Cole Porter’s 1934 song «Anything Goes» includes the line «Good authors too who once knew better words, now only use four-letter words writing prose. Anything goes.»
  • Elton John’s I’ve Seen That Movie Too from his 1973 album Goodbye Yellow Brick Road contains the phrase in the chorus.
  • Cheap Trick’s 1982 album One on One finishes with a song titled «Four Letter Word».
  • The Cardigans in their song «For What It’s Worth», use the «four-letter word» expression several times.
  • That Four-Letter Word is a 2006 independent film from India.
  • Welsh punk band Four Letter Word, formed in 1991, named themselves after the phrase.
  • A Four Letter Word is also the title of a 2007 gay-themed movie starring Jesse Archer and Charlie David.
  • «Four Letter Word» is also the title of a 2003 song by Def Leppard.
  • American punk-rock band Gossip released a track entitled «Four Letter Word» on their 2009 album Music For Men.
  • The 2007 Cold in California album by Ingram Hill includes a track entitled «Four Letter Word».
  • The opening track of Beady Eye’s 2011 album Different Gear, Still Speeding is entitled «Four Letter Word».
  • Echobelly on their album On (Echobelly album) included a song named: «Four Letter Word».
  • Chocolate Starfish have a track called «Four Letter Word» on their eponymous album.
  • The song «Irresistible» by Fall Out Boy features the line «You know I give my love a four-letter name».
  • In the 2019 BBC-HBO mini-series Years and Years written by Russell T Davies, after controversialist businesswoman Vivienne Rook gains popularity by claiming that she «doesn’t give a fuck» about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict whilst on Question Time and subsequently railing against being censored, she establishes the populist, far-right Four Star Party, whose symbol is four asterisks.

A specified word that actually has four letters:
Love:

  • The fact that love is a word with four letters has been used in several popular song titles, including «Love Is Just a Four-Letter Word» written by Bob Dylan and performed by Joan Baez, «Four Letter Word» written by Ricki and Marty Wilde and performed by Kim Wilde, «4 Letter Word» written by Claude Kelly and Matt Squire and performed by David Cook.
  • A television show called Love Is a Four Letter Word was produced by ABC in Australia.[3]
  • Jack Ingram’s song «Love You», uses love as a play on another four-letter word: «Yeah, I’m sick an’ lovin’ tired of all your lovin’ around».
  • Metallica uses the line «Love is a four-letter word» in the song «The Day That Never Comes» from their album Death Magnetic.
  • R&B singer Raheem DeVaughan used the «love» meaning in his song «Four Letter Word» on his 2008 album Love Behind The Melody.
  • Love Is a Four Letter Word, 2012, Jason Mraz
  • The song «How We Do (’93 Til)» by Freddie Gibbs features the line «love is a four-letter word like fuck and shit, so, love, you can suck my dick».[4]

Work:

  • In a song sung by Cilla Black and covered by The Smiths, «Work Is a Four-letter Word», this phrase is used to describe work as obscene.
  • Work Is a Four-Letter Word is the title of a 1968 British comedy film.

Hope:

  • The song «Counting Stars» by OneRepublic features the line «hope is our four-letter word».

Hate:

  • The band Shock Therapy sang a song «Hate Is a 4-Letter Word».

Jazz:

  • A photo-montage by partner-artists Privat & Primat is titled «Jazz and Love are 4-Letter Words».

Nice:

  • Good Omens’s famous wall scene: Crowley’s «I’m not nice; nice is a four-letter word»

A specified word that does not actually have four letters:

  • The band Cake made a play on words in their song «Friend Is a Four Letter Word.»
  • The song «Baby, I’m an Anarchist» by Against Me! features the line «to you solidarity’s a four-letter word.»
  • In Degrassi: The Next Generation Episode 504, Mr. Simpson (Snake) says «…in my life, spontaneous is a four-letter word.»
  • In the song «Absolute zero» by «Stone Sour», there is a line that goes as follows: «Man is a four-letter word, it’s really absurd»

See also[edit]

  • Seven dirty words
  • Tetragrammaton

References[edit]

  1. ^ «four-letter word – Caught in the Web of Words». Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  2. ^ Doug Robarchek (September 29, 1993). «Outfront If You Ignore Deaths, Those State Rest Areas Are Perfectly Safe». Living. Charlotte Observer. p. 6C.
  3. ^ «love is a four letter word». Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2001. Retrieved 2014-08-13.
  4. ^ Freddie Gibbs, How We Do (’93 Til) lyrics

Page 1: life, love, near, ness, ring, wolf, fish, five, king, else, Tree, over, time, able, have, sing, star, city, soul, rich, duck, foot, film, lion, anna, meme, live, safe, pain, rain, Sion, iron, once, ball, with, fire, wood, care, cake, back, lady, away, work, self, mole, moon, golf, ally, nine, and Mary

Word Length Consonants Vowels Syllables Origin Favourite
Life 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Love 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Near 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Ness 4 3 1 1 Old English
Ring 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Wolf 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Fish 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Five 4 2 2 1 Middle English
King 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Else 4 2 2 2 Middle English
Tree 4 2 2 1
Over 4 2 2 2 Old English
Time 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Able 4 2 2 2 Middle English
Have 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Sing 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Star 4 3 1 1 Middle English
City 4 3 1 2 Middle English
Soul 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Rich 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Duck 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Foot 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Film 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Lion 4 2 2 1 Old French
Anna 4 2 2 2 Hindi
Meme 4 2 2 2 Ancient Greek
Live 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Safe 4 2 2 2 Middle English
Pain 4 2 2 1 Old French
Rain 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Sion 4 2 2 1
Iron 4 2 2 2 Middle English
Once 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Ball 4 3 1 1 Middle English
With 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Fire 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Wood 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Care 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Cake 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Back 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Lady 4 3 1 2 Middle English
Away 4 2 2 2 Old English
Work 4 3 1 1 Old English
Self 4 3 1 1 Middle English
Mole 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Moon 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Golf 4 3 1 1 Scots
Ally 4 3 1 2 Middle English
Nine 4 2 2 1 Middle English
Mary 4 3 1 2 Old French

The largest free 4 letters words list online. Does not include all of the plural forms of four letter words.

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How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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How many different four letter words can be formed (the words need not be meaningful) using the letters of the word MEDITERRANEAN such that the first letter is E and the last letter is R?

A. 59
B. 11!/(2!*2!*2!)
C. 56
D. 23
E. 11!/(3!*2!*2!*2!)

Originally posted by young_gun on 12 Dec 2007, 12:15.
Last edited by Bunuel on 05 Apr 2015, 05:23, edited 1 time in total.

Renamed the topic, edited the question and added the OA.

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How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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New post 
07 Apr 2015, 05:33

How many different four letter words can be formed (the words need not be meaningful) using the letters of the word MEDITERRANEAN such that the first letter is E and the last letter is R?

A. 59
B. 11!/(2!*2!*2!)
C. 56
D. 23
E. 11!/(3!*2!*2!*2!)

E — — R

We are left with the following 11 letters: {M, D, I, T, R, EE, AA, NN} out of which 8 are distinct: {M, D, I, T, R, E, A, N}.

We should consider two cases:
1. If the two middle letters are the same, we’d have 3 words: EEER, EAAR and ENNR.

2. If the two middle letters are distinct, then we are basically choosing 2 letters out of 8 when the order of the selection matters, so it’s 8P2 = 56.

Total = 56 + 3 = 59.

Answer: A.

Hope it’s clear.
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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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13 Dec 2007, 14:32

young_gun wrote:

How many different four letter words can be formed (the words need not be meaningful) using the letters of the word MEDITERRANEAN such that the first letter is E and the last letter is R?

A. 59
B. 11!/2!*2!*2!
C. 56
D. 23
E. 11!/3!*2!*2!*2!

We have 11 letters after E and R occupied their places. But E, A and N show up twice each. So we have 8 distinct letters for 2 places.

For the second place — 8 letters

for the third — 7 letters

Number of variants — 8*7=56, but we have to take into account additional 3 variants with double letters EAAR, ENNR, EEER.

So the ultimate calculation is 56+3=59

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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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13 Dec 2007, 05:17

Please, could you explain that to me so that I can easily understand?? I am very bad at perms![/quote]

we should complete word E _ _ R using set {M-1, E-2 (one E we use as the first letter), D-1, I-1,T-1,R-1 (one R we use as the last letter) ,A-2,N-2}

So, the set consist of 5 single letters and 3 pairs of letters.

1. for second position we have 8 cases (or 5+3)

2. for third position we have either 8 cases (second letter is from a pair) or 7 cases (second letter is single letter).

Therefore,

N=(3*8+5*7)=59

I understand point 1 and point 2 as well…but why N=(3*8+5*7)?thanks

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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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08 Apr 2015, 02:50

In the above problem, if the letters of the word MEDITERRANEAN are allowed to be used multiple times irrespective of their count in the parent word (commonly referred as ‘repetition’ in the P&C parlance), the answer would change. Let me explain the solution for such a case.

We need to fill the 2nd and the 3rd place with letters present in the word MEDITERRANEAN. Since, there are 8 different letters (M, E, D, I, T, R, A, N) in the word MEDITERRANEAN, the 2nd place can be filled with 8 possible letters and the 3rd place can also be filled with 8 possible letters (because, in the case we are discussing here, the letters can be used multiple times, even if they are present only once in the word MEDITERRANEAN).

So, we will have a total of 8*8 = 8^2= 64 possible set of words

Similarly, if the above case is extended to the first and the last letter as well (i.e. we don’t have the constraint of having ‘E’ as the first letter and ‘R’ as the last letter), we will have 8^4 possible sets of words which we can form from the word MEDITERRANEAN.

The key here is to be careful on two points:

Whether letters can be used more than their count in the parent word, in this case MEDITERRANEAN.

If yes, then we need to focus only on different letters present in the parent word, in this case the 8 different letters in the parent word MEDITERRANEAN.

Hope it helps!

Regards
Harsh
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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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11 Apr 2015, 04:04

I used a diffrent method:

we can also solve this question with combinatorics fairly easy:

after E and R are set as the first and the last letters we are left with the two middle ones.

since both E and R show up more then once we can still use all the original letters for the two remeaining blanks.

actually our bank of letters will now look as so:
M=1
E=2
D=1
I=1
T=1
R=1
A=2
N=2

if all remaining letters would have shown up just once the answer would have been:
#=8P2=8!/(8-2)!=56

but since we are left with 3 letters that show up more then once (E,A,N) we need to add the possibilty of using the same letter twice, meaning:
#=8P2+3=59

so the answer is A.

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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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04 Jun 2017, 19:14

Hello all,
First, sorry for posting on this post again, idk if it is allowed :?
I understood the correct answer, but I cannot figure out why my approach is incorrect.
We know the total of letters as well as the total of repeated letters.
M — 1
E — 3
D — 1
I — 1
T — 1
R — 2
A — 2
N — 2
And we know that E and R have been already used once, so we now have 2 E’s and 1 R.
If the question was: how many different 13-letter words can be formed, I would calculate like this:
E x x x x x x x x x x x R — > 11! / (2! * 2! * 2!) (and there is an answer for that)
As the question if for 4-letter word, and we have just to spaces left, I would just do this:
11 * 10 / (2! * 2! * 2!)
I know that this is incorrect (also because it isn’t an integer number :lol: :lol: ). But I do not know why!
Thanks!

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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words don’t
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27 Feb 2020, 23:47

young_gun wrote:

How many different four letter words can be formed (the words need not be meaningful) using the letters of the word MEDITERRANEAN such that the first letter is E and the last letter is R?

A. 59
B. 11!/(2!*2!*2!)
C. 56
D. 23
E. 11!/(3!*2!*2!*2!)

Answer»: Option A

Find the solution as attached.

Attachments

Screenshot 2020-02-28 at 12.16.42 PM.png
Screenshot 2020-02-28 at 12.16.42 PM.png [ 556.59 KiB | Viewed 15825 times ]

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How many different four letter words can be formed MEDITERRANEAN
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08 Jun 2021, 03:12

This is the official answer — however can anyone explain why it can’t be done with the permutation formula 11P2 and the dividing for repetition so choice B?

Step 1 of solving this GMAT Permutation Question: Select 2 letters and rearrange them
MEDITERRANEAN is a 13-letter word.
We have to form a 4-letter words that start with ‘E’ and ends with ‘R’.
Therefore, in addition to E and R, we have to find two more letters from the remaining 11 letters.
In these 11 letters, there are 2 Ns, 2Es, and 2As and one each of the remaining 5 letters viz., M, D, I, T, and R.

Step 2 of solving this GMAT Permutation Question: List down the different posssibilities
Of the 11 letters, there are 2 Ns, 2Es, and 2As and one each of the remaining 5 letters.
The second and third positions can either have two different letters or can both be the same letters.

Case 1: When the two letters are different
We have to choose two different letters from the 8 available different choices.
This can be done in 8 × 7 = 56 ways.

Case 2: When the two letters are same
There are 3 options — the two letters can be Ns or Es or As. Therefore, 3 ways.
Total number of posssibilities = 56 + 3 = 59

Choice A is the correct answer.

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Re: How many different four-letter words can be formed (the [#permalink]



07 Dec 2022, 08:37

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cron

$begingroup$

Can someone please explain this. How many 4 letter words are there, when order doesn’t matter and letters can be repeated ?
IF I do in one approach I get $frac{26^4}{4!} $ (26 letters for each position and then divide by 4! as the position didn’t matter).

Is this logic correct ? I Am not sure because, the course video I am watching gives a different logic as below.

by composition :
$a+b+c+…+z = 4$ ; therefore can use the $n+k-1choose k-1$ formula(stars and bars), where $n$ is $4$ and $k$ is $26$.This approach also seems correct but the final answers for approach 1 and 2 are different.
Thanks in advance

Aiden Chow's user avatar

asked Feb 8, 2020 at 4:20

tjt's user avatar

$endgroup$

7

$begingroup$

You are thinking in the right direction, but your answer is a little off. Not every combination is repeated $4!=24$ times, so you can’t just divide by $24$ and call it a day. For example, the combination AAAA is only counted once from the $26^4$ part of your answer, but you are dividing by $24$, so you will actually get $frac{1}{24}$ of a way to get the combination AAAA, which is clearly incorrect. What you might want to do is to split the problem into four cases(the stars and bars approach is probably an easier way but I’m trying to do an approach similar to yours):

  1. All the four letters are the same
  2. Exactly three of the letters are the same
  3. Exactly two of the letters are the same
  4. All letters are unique

answered Feb 8, 2020 at 5:42

Aiden Chow's user avatar

Aiden ChowAiden Chow

2,6047 silver badges30 bronze badges

$endgroup$

1

$begingroup$

Hint: Here is a way to think about the problem. Imagine that you are in a donut shop and there are 26 types of donuts. Each type of donut has a bucket and the buckets are all arranged in a row from left to right. You tell the baker to randomly select 4 donuts for you. He starts by standing in front of the leftmost bucket with an empty box. He needs to perform 29=4+25 actions. Each action must be either pulling one donut from the box in front of him (4 actions) or stepping to right (25 actions).

How many ways can he perform those 29 actions?

(A friend of mine gave me this explanation for this problem many years ago.)

answered Feb 8, 2020 at 5:30

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irchansirchans

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