9.4.8.1 9.4.7.1 Find words/phrases
in the texts which mean: to
continue, to give it a try (Text A),
to participate (Text B), huge, lots
of (Text C). Use your dictionary.
1 Almost half of all bitcoin/bitcoins transactions are associated with illegal activity, a new study have/has concluded.
2 Researchers have also linked/have linked also a quarter of bitcoin users with crime, such as hacks, money laundering and the trading of drugs and illegal pornography.
3 Worryingly for investors, they believe what/that the popularity of the cryptocurrency amongst criminals is a major contributor to his/its value.
4 The study, that/which was conducted by researchers from/of the University of Sydney and the University of Technology Sydney, found that 44 per cent of bitcoin transactions and 25 per cent of all users were associated with illegal activity.
5 Their findings from April 2017, the most/more recent part of the research sample, suggested that around 24 millions/million bitcoin market participants use the cryptocurrency “primarily for illegal purposes”.
6 This/These bitcoin users are estimated to conduct around 36 million transactions per year, with a total value of around $72 billion/billions, and collectively hold around $8 billion worth of bitcoin, the researchers say/says.
7 One of the main reasons bitcoin is so/such popular with criminals is that the cryptocurrency allow/allows users to conceal their identities.
8 Although/However, it isn`t completely anonymous, as/like every transaction is recorded on a digital public ledger called the blockchain, and it`s possible to use this information to identify specific individuals.
9 The researchers say they used high-profile bitcoin seizures – included/including an/a FBI raid on the Silk Road Dark Web marketplace – as a starting point for their/its analysis, and managed using/to use the blockchain to reconstruct a network of transactions between market participants from there.
10 The researchers said that although individual identities seem/look to be masked by a 26-35 character address, the public nature of blockchain allowed them link/to link bitcoin transactions to individual `users’ (market participants) and then further identify the users that had bitcoin seized by/for authorities.
11 That’s potentially extremely/extreme worrying for bitcoin-using criminals, who the researchers say are now looking at alternative cryptocurrencies that are better at/in concealing a user’s activity.
12 “We find that the emergence/emergency of such alternative cryptocurrencies is also associated with a decrease in the proportion of illegal activity in bitcoin,” the study reads.
13 Although/However, they also believe that bitcoin could become less useful and less valuable if criminals turn away from it.
14 The researchers say their paper suggests that a significant part of the basic value of bitcoin as/like a payment system comes from its ability to do/make illegal trade easier.
15 “This has ethical implications for those that view bitcoin as/like an investment, as well as valuation implications.
16 For example, changes/change in the demand to use bitcoin in illegal trade (e.g., due to law enforcement crackdowns) are likely to impact its fundamental value.”
KEY AND EXPLANATIONS
1 Almost half of all bitcoin (SINGULAR BECAUSE IT ACTS AS AN ADJECTIVE) transactions are associated with illegal activity, a new study have/has concluded.
2 Researchers have also linked( ALSO, GOES IN MID POSITION) a quarter of bitcoin users with crime, such as hacks, money laundering and the trading of drugs and illegal pornography.
3 Worryingly for investors, they believe (INTRODUCTORY WORD TO THE SENTENCE) that the popularity of the cryptocurrency amongst criminals is a major contributor to (A THING NOT A MALE) its value.
4 The study, (AFTER A COMMA, ALWAYS WHICH) which was conducted by researchers from (ORIGIN, NOT POSSESSION) the University of Sydney and the University of Technology Sydney, found that 44 per cent of bitcoin transactions and 25 per cent of all users were associated with illegal activity.
5 Their findings from April 2017, the most( SUPERLATIVE, NOT COMPARATIVE) recent part of the research sample, suggested that around 24 (ALWAYS SINGULAR BEFORE A NUMBER) million bitcoin market participants use the cryptocurrency “primarily for illegal purposes”.
6 These (USERS IS PLURAL)bitcoin users are estimated to conduct around 36 million transactions per year, with a total value of around $72 billion( ALWAYS SINGULAR WITH A NUMBER), and collectively hold around $8 billion worth of bitcoin, the researchers say(RESEARCHERS IS PLURAL).
7 One of the main reasons bitcoin is so ( SUCH A POPULAR THING) popular with criminals is that the cryptocurrency allow/allows users to conceal their identities.
8 (THERE IS A COMMA, SO HOWEVER) However, it isn`t completely anonymous, as/like every transaction is recorded on a digital public ledger called the blockchain, and it`s possible to use this information to identify specific individuals.
9 The researchers say they used high-profile bitcoin seizures – (INCLUDED SHOULS GO WITH THE VERB TO BE) including an(WE PRONOUNCE /ef/, SO, VOCAL SOUND) FBI raid on the Silk Road Dark Web marketplace – as a starting point for their (PLURAL, NOT SINGULAR) analysis, and managed (ALWAYS MANAGE TO) to use the blockchain to reconstruct a network of transactions between market participants from there.
10 The researchers said that although individual identities seem to be masked by a 26-35 character address, the public nature of blockchain allowed them (ALLOW SOMEBODY TO DO SOMETHING) to link bitcoin transactions to individual `users’ (market participants) and then further identify the users that had bitcoin seized by (PASSSIVE) authorities.
11 That’s potentially extremely(IT MODIFIES AN ADJECTIVE, SO, ADVERB) worrying for bitcoin-using criminals, who the researchers say are now looking at alternative cryptocurrencies that are better at(GOOD, BAD, BETTER, WORSE ARE FOLLOWE BY THE PREPOSITION “AT”) concealing a user’s activity.
12 “We find that the emergence (THE MEANING OF EMERGENCY IS “EMERGENCIA”, FROM A CRISIS) of such alternative cryptocurrencies is also associated with a decrease in the proportion of illegal activity in bitcoin,” the study reads.
13 (THERE IS A COMMA, SO, HOWEVER) However, they also believe that bitcoin could become less useful and less valuable if criminals turn away from it.
14 The researchers say their paper suggests that a significant part of the basic value of bitcoin as (NOT COMPARISON) a payment system comes from its ability to make illegal trade easier.
15 “This has ethical implications for those that view bitcoin as (NOT COMPARISON) an investment, as well as valuation implications.
16 For example, changes ( THE VERB IS “ARE”, SO CHANGES IN PLURAL) in the demand to use bitcoin in illegal trade (e.g., due to law enforcement crackdowns) are likely to impact its fundamental value.”
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
1 Almost half of all bitcoin transactions are associated with illegal activity, a new study has concluded.
2 Researchers have also linked a quarter of bitcoin users with crime, such as hacks, money laundering and the trading of drugs and illegal pornography.
3 Worryingly for investors, they believe that the popularity of the cryptocurrency amongst criminals is a major contributor to its value.
4 The study, which was conducted by researchers from the University of Sydney and the University of Technology Sydney, found that 44 per cent of bitcoin transactions and 25 per cent of all users were associated with illegal activity.
5 Their findings from April 2017, the most recent part of the research sample, suggested that around 24 million bitcoin market participants use the cryptocurrency “primarily for illegal purposes”.
6 These bitcoin users are estimated to conduct around 36 million transactions per year, with a total value of around $72 billion, and collectively hold around $8 billion worth of bitcoin, the researchers say.
7 One of the main reasons bitcoin is so popular with criminals is that the cryptocurrency allows users to conceal their identities.
8 However, it isn`t completely anonymous, as every transaction is recorded on a digital public ledger called the blockchain, and it`s possible to use this information to identify specific individuals.
9 The researchers say they used high-profile bitcoin seizures – including an FBI raid on the Silk Road Dark Web marketplace – as a starting point for their analysis, and managed to use the blockchain to reconstruct a network of transactions between market participants from there.
10 The researchers said that although individual identities seem to be masked by a 26-35 character address, the public nature of blockchain allowed them to link bitcoin transactions to individual `users’ (market participants) and then further identify the users that had bitcoin seized by authorities.
11 That’s potentially extremely worrying for bitcoin-using criminals, who the researchers say are now looking at alternative cryptocurrencies that are better at concealing a user’s activity.
12 “We find that the emergence of such alternative cryptocurrencies is also associated with a decrease in the proportion of illegal activity in bitcoin,” the study reads.
13 However, they also believe that bitcoin could become less useful and less valuable if criminals turn away from it.
14 The researchers say their paper suggests that a significant part of the basic value of bitcoin as a payment system comes from its ability to make illegal trade easier.
15 “This has ethical implications for those that view bitcoin as an investment, as well as valuation implications.
16 For example, changes in the demand to use bitcoin in illegal trade (e.g., due to law enforcement crackdowns) are likely to impact its fundamental value.”
Adapted from the Independent, by Aatif Sulleyman, 24th of January 2018
COMPREHENSION ACTIVITIES
Find a word or phrase in the text which means….
- a big part of the value of (sth) (phrase, P.3):
- connected to (phrase, P.4):
- carry out (sth) (verb, P.6):
- the first stage of a process (three word noun, P.9):
- hidden (verb – past participle form, P.10):
- appearance or arrival of (sth) (noun, P.12):
- results of an action (noun – plural, P.15)
KEY
1 a major contributor (to)
2 associated with
3 conduct (around 36 million transactions per year)
4 a starting point
5 masked
6 mergence of (alternative cryptocurrencies)
7 implications
Complete the sentences with the adverbs below.
collectively completely potentially primarily worryingly
1 Transactions with bitcoin are never____________anonymous.
2 _________________, the price of the company’s shares has fallen again.
3 The users ______________hold around $8 billion worth of bitcoin.
4 The scandal could______________be disastrous for the company.
5 _________________, the reason people play the game is to make a lot of money.
KEY
1. completely 2. worryingly 3. collectively 4. potentially 5. primarily
Find the words or word combinations in the texts which have a similar meaning to the following.
beautiful
in the centre of
very
to be situated
to look at
exotic
a lot of
has (two parts)
kinds
nature
greatest
different
reshalka.com
Английский язык ENJOY ENGLISH Английский с удовольствием 6 класс Биболетова. SECTION 2. Animals in the City. Номер №27
Решение
Перевод задания
Найдите в текстах слова или словосочетания, которые имеют значение, подобное приведенному ниже.
красивый
в центре
очень
расположен
смотреть на
экзотический
много
имеет (две части)
виды
природа
величайший
разный
ОТВЕТ
beautiful − lovely
in the centre of − in the middle of, in the heart of
very − extremely
to be situated – to be located
to look at – to watch
exotic − rare
a lot of − plenty of
has (two parts) − consists of (two parts)
kinds − species
nature − wildlife
greatest − largest
different − various
Перевод ответа
красивый − милый
в центре − в середине, в самом сердце
очень − чрезвычайно
быть расположенным − быть расположенным
смотреть − смотреть
экзотичный − редкий
много − много
имеет (две части) − состоит из (двух частей)
виды − виды
природа − дикая природа
наибольший − наибольший
разный − разный
Find words or phrases in the texts on page 100 which mean:
1.A story that might,or might not,be true.
2.Things that exist in a plase and that people can use.
3.Wanting a lot more (foodmoney)than you need.
4.The highest points (of mountains)
5.Amazing,wunderful.
6.People who lead countries.
Автор: Гость
Ответ(ы) на вопрос:
Гость:
Найти слова или фразы в текстах на стр. 100, который означает:1.Историю, которая может или может не быть правдой.2.Вещи, которые существуют в место и что люди могут использовать.3.Желающих много больше (едаденьги), чем нужно.4.Самые высокие баллы (гор)5.Удивительно,wunderful.6.Люди, которые руководят странами.
Find words/phrases in the text which mean: businesses, point of view, a small amount, law-makers, being paid, improve.
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