Excel vba размеры окна

When creating a VBA UserForm, we generally set it to a specific size.  Most other forms and windows within the Excel and Windows environments do not have a fixed sized; they can be resized by the user.  With a bit of coding magic, we can achieve a similar resizing effect for our VBA UserForms.  This post will show you how.

There are two solutions presented below, a Windows API method and a VBA only method.  Of the two, the Windows API solution has a smoother, more integrated feel for the user, but it will only work on Windows.  If your code is expected to work on Windows and Mac, then using the VBA solution is the better option.

Windows API Solution

Windows API codes make use of special functions which are not part of Excel or VBA, but part of the main Windows application.  The topic of Windows API codes is too big to discuss here, but by following the instructions below you can still get the code working, even if you don’t have a full understanding of why it works.

Remember, Windows API codes will only work on Windows.

How does it work?

A brief overview of how the process works will help with understanding what the code below does.

1. Change the Windows setting to enable the UserForm to be resized.
2. On the UserForm use the Resize event to capture when the form is resized.
3. The objects’ size or position changes after each resize event.

Setting up the Windows API code

Copy the following code into a new standard module.  It must be included at the top of the module before any functions or subprocedures, but below the Option Explicit statement (if there is one).

Public Const GWL_STYLE = -16
Public Const WS_CAPTION = &HC00000
Public Const WS_THICKFRAME = &H40000

#If VBA7 Then
    Public Declare PtrSafe Function GetWindowLong _
        Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowLongA" ( _
        ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal nIndex As Long) As Long
    Public Declare PtrSafe Function SetWindowLong _
        Lib "user32" Alias "SetWindowLongA" ( _
        ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal nIndex As Long, _
        ByVal dwNewLong As Long) As Long
    Public Declare PtrSafe Function DrawMenuBar _
        Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
    Public Declare PtrSafe Function FindWindowA _
        Lib "user32" (ByVal lpClassName As String, _
        ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
#Else
    Public Declare Function GetWindowLong _
        Lib "user32" Alias "GetWindowLongA" ( _
        ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal nIndex As Long) As Long
    Public Declare Function SetWindowLong _
        Lib "user32" Alias "SetWindowLongA" ( _
        ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal nIndex As Long, _
        ByVal dwNewLong As Long) As Long
    Public Declare Function DrawMenuBar _
        Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
    Public Declare Function FindWindowA _
        Lib "user32" (ByVal lpClassName As String, _
        ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long
#End If

This following code must be included within the same module as the code above but does not need to be directly below it.

Sub ResizeWindowSettings(frm As Object, show As Boolean)

Dim windowStyle As Long
Dim windowHandle As Long

'Get the references to window and style position within the Windows memory
windowHandle = FindWindowA(vbNullString, frm.Caption)
windowStyle = GetWindowLong(windowHandle, GWL_STYLE)

'Determine the style to apply based
If show = False Then
    windowStyle = windowStyle And (Not WS_THICKFRAME)
Else
    windowStyle = windowStyle + (WS_THICKFRAME)
End If

'Apply the new style
SetWindowLong windowHandle, GWL_STYLE, windowStyle

'Recreate the UserForm window with the new style 
DrawMenuBar windowHandle

End Sub

The two code segments above create a reusable procedure which we can use to toggle the UserForm’s resize setting on or off.   Anytime we want to turn on resizing  for a UserForm, use the following:

Call ResizeWindowSettings(myUserForm, True)

To turn off resizing, use the following

Call ResizeWindowSettings(myUserForm, False)

Just replace myUserForm with the name of your form, or use Me if within the UserForm’s code module.

Setting up the UserForm

To illustrate the process,  I’ve created a UserForm which looks like this:

There are just two elements:

• A ListBox called lstListBox
• A Button called cmdClose

Both of these elements should change when then UserForm resizes.  lstListBox should change in size, but not in position while the cmdClose will change in position but not in size.  To enable this to happen we need to know the position of these objects from the bottom and right of the UserForm.  Provided we keep the same distance from the bottom and right it will appear that these items are moving in sync with the UserForm.

The code below must be included within the UserForm’s code module to function correctly.

To capture the initial bottom and right positions of the ListBox and Button, we set up some Private variables to hold the values.

Private lstListBoxBottom As Double
Private lstListBoxRight As Double
Private cmdCloseBottom As Double
Private cmdCloseRight As Double

Now let’s set up what happens when the UserForm initializes.

Firstly, resizing is enabled by calling the code created in the Windows API section above.  Secondly, we store the position of the objects in the private variables created above.

Private Sub UserForm_Initialize()

'Call the Window API to enable resizing
Call ResizeWindowSettings(Me, True)

'Get the bottom right anchor position of the objects to be resized
lstListBoxBottom = Me.Height - lstListBox.Top - lstListBox.Height
lstListBoxRight = Me.Width - lstListBox.Left - lstListBox.Width
cmdCloseBottom = Me.Height - cmdClose.Top - cmdClose.Height
cmdCloseRight = Me.Width - cmdClose.Left - cmdClose.Width

End Sub

Next, using the UserForm’s resize event, we change the size/position of ListBox and the Button:

• lstListBox changes height and width
• cmdCloses changes top and left position

Private Sub UserForm_Resize()

On Error Resume Next

'Set the new position of the objects
lstListBox.Height = Me.Height - lstListBoxBottom - lstListBox.Top
lstListBox.Width = Me.Width - lstListBoxRight - lstListBox.Left
cmdClose.Top = Me.Height - cmdCloseBottom - cmdClose.Height
cmdClose.Left = Me.Width - cmdCloseRight - cmdClose.Width

On Error GoTo 0

End Sub

That is it.  You’ve now got the code you need.  So fire up the UserForm and start resizing.

When the mouse hovers over the edge of the UserForm, the icon changes, just click and drag.  With this method, resizing can happen on any side of the UserForm.

VBA only solution

The VBA solution makes use of mouse events to trigger when to change the height and width of the UserForm.  Personally, I think it’s not as smooth as the Window API solution, but it is much easier to understand and can be used on a Mac too.

How does it work?

The VBA solution uses a different method of application to the Window API solution.

1. The UserForm contains an object which when clicked records the position of the mouse.
2. As the mouse moves, the UserForm and it’s objects are repositioned or resized based on the new mouse position.
3. When the mouse button is released, movement ceases to adjust the size.

Setting up the UserForm

To illustrate the process, I have created anotherUserForm; it looks like this:

There are just three elements:

• ListBox called lstListBox
• Button called cmdClose
• Label called lblResizer

The lblResizer is a label which includes the “y” character from the Wingdings 3 font set.  This displays as a small triangle in the bottom right corner to show the user where to click to resize the window.   The Color and MousePointer properties are set as follows:

All of these elements, along with the UserForm itself will need to change when the mouse is clicked and moved whilst over the lblResizer object.

All the code must be contained within the UserForm’s code module.

We will set up some Private variables to hold the mouse position and click status, along with the minimum allowed window size.

Private resizeEnabled As Boolean
Private mouseX As Double
Private mouseY As Double
Private minWidth As Double
Private minHeight As Double

When initializing the UserForm, the code below will place the lblResizer into the bottom right corner, and set the minimum permitted window size.

Private Sub UserForm_Initialize()

'Position the resize icon
lblResizer.Left = Me.InsideWidth - lblResizer.Width
lblResizer.Top = Me.InsideHeight - lblResizer.Height
minHeight = 125
minWidth = 125

End Sub

The following code triggers when the mouse clicks on the lblResizer icon.  The code records that the icon has been clicked and the position of the mouse at that moment.

Private Sub lblResizer_MouseDown(ByVal Button As Integer, ByVal Shift As Integer, _
    ByVal X As Single, ByVal Y As Single)

'The user clicked on the lblResizer
resizeEnabled = True

'Capture the mouse position on click
mouseX = X
mouseY = Y

End Sub

The following code triggers when the mouse moves while over the lblResizer.

Firstly, it will check that the window is larger than the minimum permitted size, and that mouse has been clicked.  If both of these are True, the UserForm and the objects are re-positioned or resized based on the size of the mouse movement.

Private Sub lblResizer_MouseMove(ByVal Button As Integer, ByVal Shift As Integer, _
    ByVal X As Single, ByVal Y As Single)

'Check if the UserForm is not resized too small
Dim allowResize As Boolean

allowResize = True

If Me.Width + X - mouseX < minWidth Then allowResize = False
If Me.Height + Y - mouseY < minHeight Then allowResize = False

'Check if the mouse clicked on the lblResizer and above minimum size
If resizeEnabled = True And allowResize = True Then

    'Resize/move objects based on mouse movement since click

    'Resize the UserForm
    Me.Width = Me.Width + X - mouseX
    Me.Height = Me.Height + Y - mouseY

    'Resize the ListBox
    lstListBox.Width = lstListBox.Width + X - mouseX
    lstListBox.Height = lstListBox.Height + Y - mouseY

    'Move the Close Button
    cmdClose.Left = cmdClose.Left + X - mouseX
    cmdClose.Top = cmdClose.Top + Y - mouseY

    'Move the Resizer icon
    lblResizer.Left = Me.InsideWidth - lblResizer.Width
    lblResizer.Top = Me.InsideHeight - lblResizer.Height

End If

End Sub

The following code triggers when the mouse button is released; the mouse movement ceases to resize the UserForm.

Private Sub lblResizer_MouseUp(ByVal Button As Integer, ByVal Shift As Integer, _
    ByVal X As Single, ByVal Y As Single)

'The user un-clicked on the lblResizer
resizeEnabled = False

End Sub

That is it; we’re good to go. Open up the UserForm and start resizing.

In this example, the UserForm only resizes when the mouse clicks on the icon in the bottom right.  We could add the ability to expand from the right, bottom, or left by using objects positioned just inside the edges of the UserForm.

Download the example file

Want to see these examples working?  Then download the example file.

Добрый день!

Есть задача сделать размер окна максимально возможным в соответствии с заданной пропорцией W=1,6 H. Затем разместить в нем диапазон Range(«A1:AW19») так, чтобы только он в окне и отражался.
Однако, работает это так, как будто команда .Width = Application.UsableWidth не дает максимального увеличения ширины окна (аналогично с Height = Application.UsableHeight). Т.е.на разных устройствах разное отображение — где то правильно, где то перекос идет.

Код:

Sub window_adjustment()   'sets excel window according to the master ratio proportion

Dim MasteRatio As Single
    MasteRatio = 1440 / 900

    With ActiveWindow
        
         .WindowState = xlNormal
         .Top = 1
         .left = 1
         
            If (Application.UsableWidth / MasteRatio <= Application.UsableHeight) Then
               .Width = Application.UsableWidth      'width mastered
               .Height = .Width / MasteRatio
            Else
                .Height = Application.UsableHeight   'height mastered
                .Width = .Height * MasteRatio
            End If
            
   End With

    Range("A1:AW19").Select             'set range to fill the entire screen out
    ActiveWindow.Zoom = True

    Range("a3").Select

End Sub